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Idyahia A, Redouan S, Amalou G, Charoute H, Harmak H, Bonnet C, Petit C, Benrahma H, Barakat A. Exome sequencing reveals pathogenic mutations in the LARS2 and HSD17B4 genes associated with Perrault syndrome and D-bifunctional protein deficiency in Moroccan families. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:850. [PMID: 39052101 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09740-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Syndromic hearing loss (SHL) is characterized by hearing impairment accompanied by other clinical manifestations, reaching over 400 syndromes. Early and accurate diagnosis is essential to understand the progression of hearing loss and associated systemic complications. METHODS AND RESULTS In this study, we investigated the genetic etiology of sensorineural hearing loss in three Moroccan patients using whole exome sequencing (WES). The results revealed in two families Perrault syndrome caused by LARS2, p. Asn153His; p. Thr629Met compound heterozygous variants in two siblings in one family; and p. Thr522Asn, a homozygous variant in two sisters in another. The patient in the third family was diagnosed with D-bifunctional protein deficiency (D-BPD), linked to compound heterozygous mutations p. Asn457Tyr and p. Val643Argfs*5 in HSD17B4. Molecular dynamic simulation results showed that Val643Argfs*5 does not prevent HSD17B4 protein from binding to the PEX5 receptor, but further studies are recommended to verify its effect on HSD17B4 protein functionality. CONCLUSION These results highlight the effectiveness of WES in identifying pathogenic mutations involved in heterogeneous disorders and the usefulness of bioinformatics in predicting their effects on protein structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Assia Idyahia
- Genomics and Human Genetics Laboratory, Institut Pasteur du Maroc, 1 Place Louis Pasteur, Casablanca, 20360, Morocco
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Biotechnology and Health, Mohammed VI Higher Institute of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Mohammed VI University of Health Sciences (UM6SS), Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Salaheddine Redouan
- Genomics and Human Genetics Laboratory, Institut Pasteur du Maroc, 1 Place Louis Pasteur, Casablanca, 20360, Morocco
| | - Ghita Amalou
- Genomics and Human Genetics Laboratory, Institut Pasteur du Maroc, 1 Place Louis Pasteur, Casablanca, 20360, Morocco
| | - Hicham Charoute
- Research unit of epidemiology, biostatistics and bioinformatics, Institut Pasteur du Maroc, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Houda Harmak
- Genomics and Human Genetics Laboratory, Institut Pasteur du Maroc, 1 Place Louis Pasteur, Casablanca, 20360, Morocco
| | - Crystel Bonnet
- Université Paris Cité, Institut Pasteur, AP-HP, Inserm, Fondation pour l'Audition, Institut de l'Audition, IHU reConnect, Paris, F-75012, France
| | - Christine Petit
- Université Paris Cité, Institut Pasteur, AP-HP, Inserm, Fondation pour l'Audition, Institut de l'Audition, IHU reConnect, Paris, F-75012, France
- Collège de France, Paris, F-75005, France
| | - Houda Benrahma
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Biotechnology and Health, Mohammed VI Higher Institute of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Mohammed VI University of Health Sciences (UM6SS), Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Abdelhamid Barakat
- Genomics and Human Genetics Laboratory, Institut Pasteur du Maroc, 1 Place Louis Pasteur, Casablanca, 20360, Morocco.
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Domínguez-Ruiz M, Olarte M, Onecha E, García-Vaquero I, Gelvez N, López G, Villamar M, Morín M, Moreno-Pelayo MA, Morales-Angulo C, Polo R, Tamayo ML, del Castillo I. Novel Cases of Non-Syndromic Hearing Impairment Caused by Pathogenic Variants in Genes Encoding Mitochondrial Aminoacyl-tRNA Synthetases. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:951. [PMID: 39062730 PMCID: PMC11276111 DOI: 10.3390/genes15070951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2024] [Revised: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Dysfunction of some mitochondrial aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (encoded by the KARS1, HARS2, LARS2 and NARS2 genes) results in a great variety of phenotypes ranging from non-syndromic hearing impairment (NSHI) to very complex syndromes, with a predominance of neurological signs. The diversity of roles that are played by these moonlighting enzymes and the fact that most pathogenic variants are missense and affect different domains of these proteins in diverse compound heterozygous combinations make it difficult to establish genotype-phenotype correlations. We used a targeted gene-sequencing panel to investigate the presence of pathogenic variants in those four genes in cohorts of 175 Spanish and 18 Colombian familial cases with non-DFNB1 autosomal recessive NSHI. Disease-associated variants were found in five cases. Five mutations were novel as follows: c.766C>T in KARS1, c.475C>T, c.728A>C and c.1012G>A in HARS2, and c.795A>G in LARS2. We provide audiograms from patients at different ages to document the evolution of the hearing loss, which is mostly prelingual and progresses from moderate/severe to profound, the middle frequencies being more severely affected. No additional clinical sign was observed in any affected subject. Our results confirm the involvement of KARS1 in DFNB89 NSHI, for which until now there was limited evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Domínguez-Ruiz
- Servicio de Genética, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, IRYCIS, 28034 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Margarita Olarte
- Instituto de Genética Humana, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá 110231, Colombia
| | - Esther Onecha
- Servicio de Genética, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, IDIVAL, 39008 Santander, Spain
| | - Irene García-Vaquero
- Servicio de Genética, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, IRYCIS, 28034 Madrid, Spain
- Programa de Doctorado en Biología, Escuela de Doctorado de la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Nancy Gelvez
- Instituto de Genética Humana, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá 110231, Colombia
| | - Greizy López
- Instituto de Genética Humana, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá 110231, Colombia
| | - Manuela Villamar
- Servicio de Genética, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, IRYCIS, 28034 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Matías Morín
- Servicio de Genética, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, IRYCIS, 28034 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel A. Moreno-Pelayo
- Servicio de Genética, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, IRYCIS, 28034 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmelo Morales-Angulo
- Servicio de Otorrinolaringología, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, IDIVAL, 39008 Santander, Spain
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Cantabria, 39005 Santander, Spain
| | - Rubén Polo
- Servicio de Otorrinolaringología, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Martha L. Tamayo
- Instituto de Genética Humana, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá 110231, Colombia
| | - Ignacio del Castillo
- Servicio de Genética, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, IRYCIS, 28034 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), 28034 Madrid, Spain
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3
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Bakhshalizadeh S, Hock DH, Siddall NA, Kline BL, Sreenivasan R, Bell KM, Casagranda F, Kamalanathan S, Sahoo J, Narayanan N, Naik D, Suryadevara V, Compton AG, Amarasekera SSC, Kapoor R, Jaillard S, Simpson A, Robevska G, van den Bergen J, Pachernegg S, Ayers KL, Thorburn DR, Stroud DA, Hime GR, Sinclair AH, Tucker EJ. Deficiency of the mitochondrial ribosomal subunit, MRPL50, causes autosomal recessive syndromic premature ovarian insufficiency. Hum Genet 2023:10.1007/s00439-023-02563-z. [PMID: 37148394 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-023-02563-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) is a common cause of infertility in women, characterised by amenorrhea and elevated FSH under the age of 40 years. In some cases, POI is syndromic in association with other features such as sensorineural hearing loss in Perrault syndrome. POI is a heterogeneous disease with over 80 causative genes known so far; however, these explain only a minority of cases. Using whole-exome sequencing (WES), we identified a MRPL50 homozygous missense variant (c.335T > A; p.Val112Asp) shared by twin sisters presenting with POI, bilateral high-frequency sensorineural hearing loss, kidney and heart dysfunction. MRPL50 encodes a component of the large subunit of the mitochondrial ribosome. Using quantitative proteomics and western blot analysis on patient fibroblasts, we demonstrated a loss of MRPL50 protein and an associated destabilisation of the large subunit of the mitochondrial ribosome whilst the small subunit was preserved. The mitochondrial ribosome is responsible for the translation of subunits of the mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation machinery, and we found patient fibroblasts have a mild but significant decrease in the abundance of mitochondrial complex I. These data support a biochemical phenotype associated with MRPL50 variants. We validated the association of MRPL50 with the clinical phenotype by knockdown/knockout of mRpL50 in Drosophila, which resulted abnormal ovarian development. In conclusion, we have shown that a MRPL50 missense variant destabilises the mitochondrial ribosome, leading to oxidative phosphorylation deficiency and syndromic POI, highlighting the importance of mitochondrial support in ovarian development and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shabnam Bakhshalizadeh
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Daniella H Hock
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Nicole A Siddall
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | | | - Rajini Sreenivasan
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Katrina M Bell
- Department of Bioinformatics, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Franca Casagranda
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Sadishkumar Kamalanathan
- Department of Endocrinology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, 605006, India
| | - Jayaprakash Sahoo
- Department of Endocrinology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, 605006, India
| | - Niya Narayanan
- Department of Endocrinology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, 605006, India
| | - Dukhabandhu Naik
- Department of Endocrinology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, 605006, India
| | - Varun Suryadevara
- Department of Endocrinology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, 605006, India
| | - Alison G Compton
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
- Victorian Clinical Genetics Services, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Sumudu S C Amarasekera
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Ridam Kapoor
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Sylvie Jaillard
- Univ Rennes, CHU Rennes, INSERM, EHESP, IRSET (Institut de Recherche en Santé, Environnement et Travail) - UMR_S 1085, 35000, Rennes, France
- CHU Rennes, Service de Cytogénétique et Biologie Cellulaire, 35033, Rennes, France
| | - Andrea Simpson
- School of Allied Health, College of Science, Health and Engineering, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
- College of Health and Human Services, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, NT, Australia
| | | | | | - Svenja Pachernegg
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Katie L Ayers
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - David R Thorburn
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
- Victorian Clinical Genetics Services, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - David A Stroud
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
- Victorian Clinical Genetics Services, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Gary R Hime
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.
| | - Andrew H Sinclair
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia.
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Elena J Tucker
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia.
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
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4
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Neyroud AS, Rudinger-Thirion J, Frugier M, Riley LG, Bidet M, Akloul L, Simpson A, Gilot D, Christodoulou J, Ravel C, Sinclair AH, Belaud-Rotureau MA, Tucker EJ, Jaillard S. LARS2 variants can present as premature ovarian insufficiency in the absence of overt hearing loss. Eur J Hum Genet 2023; 31:453-460. [PMID: 36450801 PMCID: PMC10133321 DOI: 10.1038/s41431-022-01252-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) affects 1 in 100 women and is a leading cause of female infertility. There are over 80 genes in which variants can cause POI, with these explaining only a minority of cases. Whole exome sequencing (WES) can be a useful tool for POI patient management, allowing clinical care to be personalized to underlying cause. We performed WES to investigate two French sisters, whose only clinical complaint was POI. Surprisingly, they shared one known and one novel likely pathogenic variant in the Perrault syndrome gene, LARS2. Using amino-acylation studies, we established that the novel missense variant significantly impairs LARS2 function. Perrault syndrome is characterized by sensorineural hearing loss in addition to POI. This molecular diagnosis alerted the sisters to the significance of their difficulty in following conversation. Subsequent audiology assessment revealed a mild bilateral hearing loss. We describe the first cases presenting with perceived isolated POI and causative variants in a Perrault syndrome gene. Our study expands the phenotypic spectrum associated with LARS2 variants and highlights the clinical benefit of having a genetic diagnosis, with prediction of potential co-morbidity and prompt and appropriate medical care, in this case by an audiologist for early detection of hearing loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Sophie Neyroud
- CHU Rennes, Service de Biologie de la Reproduction-CECOS, F-35033, Rennes, France
- Univ Rennes, CHU Rennes, INSERM, EHESP, IRSET (Institut de Recherche en Santé, Environnement et Travail)-UMR_S 1085, F-35000, Rennes, France
| | - Joëlle Rudinger-Thirion
- Université de Strasbourg, Architecture et Réactivité de l'ARN, CNRS, IBMC, Strasbourg, France
| | - Magali Frugier
- Université de Strasbourg, Architecture et Réactivité de l'ARN, CNRS, IBMC, Strasbourg, France
| | - Lisa G Riley
- Rare Diseases Functional Genomics, Kids Research, The Children's Hospital at Westmead and The Children's Medical Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Specialty of Child and Adolescent Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Maud Bidet
- Clinique Mutualiste La Sagesse, Service of AMP, 35000, Rennes, France
| | - Linda Akloul
- CHU Rennes, Service de Génétique Clinique, CLAD Ouest, F-35033, Rennes, France
| | - Andrea Simpson
- School of Allied Health, College of Science, Health and Engineering, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
- College of Health and Human Services, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, NT, Australia
| | - David Gilot
- CHU Rennes, Service de Cytogénétique et Biologie Cellulaire, F-35033, Rennes, France
- INSERM U1242, COSS, Université Rennes 1, F-35032, Rennes, France
| | - John Christodoulou
- Specialty of Child and Adolescent Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Célia Ravel
- CHU Rennes, Service de Biologie de la Reproduction-CECOS, F-35033, Rennes, France
- Univ Rennes, CHU Rennes, INSERM, EHESP, IRSET (Institut de Recherche en Santé, Environnement et Travail)-UMR_S 1085, F-35000, Rennes, France
| | - Andrew H Sinclair
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Marc-Antoine Belaud-Rotureau
- CHU Rennes, Service de Biologie de la Reproduction-CECOS, F-35033, Rennes, France
- Univ Rennes, CHU Rennes, INSERM, EHESP, IRSET (Institut de Recherche en Santé, Environnement et Travail)-UMR_S 1085, F-35000, Rennes, France
- School of Allied Health, College of Science, Health and Engineering, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Elena J Tucker
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
| | - Sylvie Jaillard
- Univ Rennes, CHU Rennes, INSERM, EHESP, IRSET (Institut de Recherche en Santé, Environnement et Travail)-UMR_S 1085, F-35000, Rennes, France.
- CHU Rennes, Service de Cytogénétique et Biologie Cellulaire, F-35033, Rennes, France.
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5
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De Paepe B, Smet J, Kopajtich R, Prokisch H, Van Coster R, Vanlander A. Neonatal lactic acidosis explained by LARS2 defect. Pediatr Res 2023; 93:740-743. [PMID: 35750896 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-022-02169-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Boel De Paepe
- Department of Child Neurology & Metabolism, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Joél Smet
- Department of Child Neurology & Metabolism, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Robert Kopajtich
- Institute of Human Genetics, School of Medicine, Technische Universität München, 81675, Munich, Germany
| | - Holger Prokisch
- Institute of Neurogenomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Rudy Van Coster
- Department of Child Neurology & Metabolism, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Arnaud Vanlander
- Department of Child Neurology & Metabolism, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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Fan Y, Lyu P, Bi R, Cui C, Xu R, Rosen CJ, Yuan Q, Zhou C. Creating an atlas of the bone microenvironment during oral inflammatory-related bone disease using single-cell profiling. eLife 2023; 12:82537. [PMID: 36722472 PMCID: PMC9925051 DOI: 10.7554/elife.82537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral inflammatory diseases such as apical periodontitis are common bacterial infectious diseases that may affect the periapical alveolar bone tissues. A protective process occurs simultaneously with the inflammatory tissue destruction, in which mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) play a primary role. However, a systematic and precise description of the cellular and molecular composition of the microenvironment of bone affected by inflammation is lacking. In this study, we created a single-cell atlas of cell populations that compose alveolar bone in healthy and inflammatory disease states. We investigated changes in expression frequency and patterns related to apical periodontitis, as well as the interactions between MSCs and immunocytes. Our results highlight an enhanced self-supporting network and osteogenic potential within MSCs during apical periodontitis-associated inflammation. MSCs not only differentiated toward osteoblast lineage cells but also expressed higher levels of osteogenic-related markers, including Sparc and Col1a1. This was confirmed by lineage tracing in transgenic mouse models and human samples from oral inflammatory-related alveolar bone lesions. In summary, the current study provides an in-depth description of the microenvironment of MSCs and immunocytes in both healthy and disease states. We also identified key apical periodontitis-associated MSC subclusters and their biomarkers, which could further our understanding of the protective process and the underlying mechanisms of oral inflammatory-related bone disease. Taken together, these results enhance our understanding of heterogeneity and cellular interactions of alveolar bone cells under pathogenic and inflammatory conditions. We provide these data as a tool for investigators not only to better appreciate the repertoire of progenitors that are stress responsive but importantly to help design new therapeutic targets to restore bone lesions caused by apical periodontitis and other inflammatory-related bone diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Ping Lyu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Ruiye Bi
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthognathic and TMJ Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Chen Cui
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of StomatologyGuangzhouChina
| | - Ruoshi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | | | - Quan Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral Implantology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Chenchen Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
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7
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The Bacterial ClpXP-ClpB Family Is Enriched with RNA-Binding Protein Complexes. Cells 2022; 11:cells11152370. [PMID: 35954215 PMCID: PMC9368063 DOI: 10.3390/cells11152370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In the matrix of bacteria/mitochondria/chloroplasts, Lon acts as the degradation machine for soluble proteins. In stress periods, however, proteostasis and survival depend on the strongly conserved Clp/Hsp100 family. Currently, the targets of ATP-powered unfoldases/disaggregases ClpB and ClpX and of peptidase ClpP heptameric rings are still unclear. Trapping experiments and proteome profiling in multiple organisms triggered confusion, so we analyzed the consistency of ClpP-trap targets in bacteria. We also provide meta-analyses of protein interactions in humans, to elucidate where Clp family members are enriched. Furthermore, meta-analyses of mouse complexomics are provided. Genotype–phenotype correlations confirmed our concept. Trapping, proteome, and complexome data retrieved consistent coaccumulation of CLPXP with GFM1 and TUFM orthologs. CLPX shows broad interaction selectivity encompassing mitochondrial translation elongation, RNA granules, and nucleoids. CLPB preferentially attaches to mitochondrial RNA granules and translation initiation components; CLPP is enriched with them all and associates with release/recycling factors. Mutations in CLPP cause Perrault syndrome, with phenotypes similar to defects in mtDNA/mtRNA. Thus, we propose that CLPB and CLPXP are crucial to counteract misfolded insoluble protein assemblies that contain nucleotides. This insight is relevant to improve ClpP-modulating drugs that block bacterial growth and for the treatment of human infertility, deafness, and neurodegeneration.
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Faridi R, Rea A, Fenollar-Ferrer C, O'Keefe RT, Gu S, Munir Z, Khan AA, Riazuddin S, Hoa M, Naz S, Newman WG, Friedman TB. New insights into Perrault syndrome, a clinically and genetically heterogeneous disorder. Hum Genet 2022; 141:805-819. [PMID: 34338890 PMCID: PMC11330641 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-021-02319-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Hearing loss and impaired fertility are common human disorders each with multiple genetic causes. Sometimes deafness and impaired fertility, which are the hallmarks of Perrault syndrome, co-occur in a person. Perrault syndrome is inherited as an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by bilateral mild to severe childhood sensorineural hearing loss with variable age of onset in both sexes and ovarian dysfunction in females who have a 46, XX karyotype. Since the initial clinical description of Perrault syndrome 70 years ago, the phenotype of some subjects may additionally involve developmental delay, intellectual deficit and other neurological disabilities, which can vary in severity in part dependent upon the genetic variants and the gene involved. Here, we review the molecular genetics and clinical phenotype of Perrault syndrome and focus on supporting evidence for the eight genes (CLPP, ERAL1, GGPS1, HARS2, HSD17B4, LARS2, RMND1, TWNK) associated with Perrault syndrome. Variants of these eight genes only account for approximately half of the individuals with clinical features of Perrault syndrome where the molecular genetic base remains under investigation. Additional environmental etiologies and novel Perrault disease-associated genes remain to be identified to account for unresolved cases. We also report a new genetic variant of CLPP, computational structural insight about CLPP and single cell RNAseq data for eight reported Perrault syndrome genes suggesting a common cellular pathophysiology for this disorder. Some unanswered questions are raised to kindle future research about Perrault syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabia Faridi
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Alessandro Rea
- Evolution and Genomic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, M13 9WL, UK
| | - Cristina Fenollar-Ferrer
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Raymond T O'Keefe
- Evolution and Genomic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, M13 9WL, UK
| | - Shoujun Gu
- Auditory Development and Restoration Program, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Zunaira Munir
- School of Biological Sciences, University of the Punjab, Quaid-i-Azam Campus, Lahore, 54590, Pakistan
- present address: Department of Neurosciences, University of Turin, 10124, Turin, Italy
| | - Asma Ali Khan
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Sheikh Riazuddin
- Allama Iqbal Medical Research Center, Jinnah Burn and Reconstructive Surgery Center, University of Health Sciences, Lahore, 54550, Pakistan
| | - Michael Hoa
- Auditory Development and Restoration Program, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Sadaf Naz
- School of Biological Sciences, University of the Punjab, Quaid-i-Azam Campus, Lahore, 54590, Pakistan
| | - William G Newman
- Evolution and Genomic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK.
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, M13 9WL, UK.
| | - Thomas B Friedman
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
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9
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A Rare Case of Perrault Syndrome with Auditory Neuropathy Spectrum Disorder: Cochlear Implantation Treatment and Literature Review. Audiol Res 2021; 11:609-617. [PMID: 34842607 PMCID: PMC8628573 DOI: 10.3390/audiolres11040055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Perrault syndrome (PRLTS) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterised by ovarian failure in females and sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) in both genders. In the present paper we describe a child affected by PRLTS3, due to CLPP homozygous mutations, presenting auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder (ANSD) with bilateral progressive SNHL. This is the first case reported in the literature of an ANSD in PRLTS3. CLPP is a nuclear encoded mitochondrial protease directed at the mitochondrial matrix. It is encoded on chromosome 19. This protease participates in mitochondrial protein quality control by degrading misfolded or damaged proteins, thus maintaining the normal metabolic function of the cell. In PRLTS3, the peptidase activity of CLPP is suppressed. Neurological impairments involved in PRLTS3 suggest that the pathogenic mutations in CLPP might trigger a mitochondrial dysfunction. A comprehensive description of the clinical and audiological presentation, as well as the issues related to cochlear implant (CI) procedure and the results, are addressed and discussed. A brief review of the literature on this topic is also provided.
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10
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Van Heurck R, Carminho-Rodrigues MT, Ranza E, Stafuzza C, Quteineh L, Gehrig C, Hammar E, Guipponi M, Abramowicz M, Senn P, Guinand N, Cao-Van H, Paoloni-Giacobino A. Benefits of Exome Sequencing in Children with Suspected Isolated Hearing Loss. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12081277. [PMID: 34440452 PMCID: PMC8391342 DOI: 10.3390/genes12081277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Hearing loss is characterized by an extensive genetic heterogeneity and remains a common disorder in children. Molecular diagnosis is of particular benefit in children, and permits the early identification of clinically-unrecognized hearing loss syndromes, which permits effective clinical management and follow-up, including genetic counselling. Methods: We performed whole-exome sequencing with the analysis of a panel of 189 genes associated with hearing loss in a prospective cohort of 61 children and 9 adults presenting mainly with isolated hearing loss. Results: The overall diagnostic rate using exome sequencing was 47.2% (52.5% in children; 22% in adults). In children with confirmed molecular results, 17/32 (53.2%) showed autosomal recessive inheritance patterns, 14/32 (43.75%) showed an autosomal dominant condition, and one case had X-linked hearing loss. In adults, the two patients showed an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern. Among the 32 children, 17 (53.1%) had nonsyndromic hearing loss and 15 (46.7%) had syndromic hearing loss. One adult was diagnosed with syndromic hearing loss and one with nonsyndromic hearing loss. The most common causative genes were STRC (5 cases), GJB2 (3 cases), COL11A1 (3 cases), and ACTG1 (3 cases). Conclusions: Exome sequencing has a high diagnostic yield in children with hearing loss and can reveal a syndromic hearing loss form before other organs/systems become involved, allowing the surveillance of unrecognized present and/or future complications associated with these syndromes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roxane Van Heurck
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland; (R.V.H.); (M.T.C.-R.); (E.R.); (L.Q.); (C.G.); (E.H.); (M.G.); (M.A.)
| | - Maria Teresa Carminho-Rodrigues
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland; (R.V.H.); (M.T.C.-R.); (E.R.); (L.Q.); (C.G.); (E.H.); (M.G.); (M.A.)
| | - Emmanuelle Ranza
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland; (R.V.H.); (M.T.C.-R.); (E.R.); (L.Q.); (C.G.); (E.H.); (M.G.); (M.A.)
| | - Caterina Stafuzza
- Ear-Nose-Throat/Head and Neck Surgery Division, Geneva University Hospitals, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland; (C.S.); (P.S.); (N.G.); (H.C.-V.)
| | - Lina Quteineh
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland; (R.V.H.); (M.T.C.-R.); (E.R.); (L.Q.); (C.G.); (E.H.); (M.G.); (M.A.)
| | - Corinne Gehrig
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland; (R.V.H.); (M.T.C.-R.); (E.R.); (L.Q.); (C.G.); (E.H.); (M.G.); (M.A.)
| | - Eva Hammar
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland; (R.V.H.); (M.T.C.-R.); (E.R.); (L.Q.); (C.G.); (E.H.); (M.G.); (M.A.)
| | - Michel Guipponi
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland; (R.V.H.); (M.T.C.-R.); (E.R.); (L.Q.); (C.G.); (E.H.); (M.G.); (M.A.)
| | - Marc Abramowicz
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland; (R.V.H.); (M.T.C.-R.); (E.R.); (L.Q.); (C.G.); (E.H.); (M.G.); (M.A.)
| | - Pascal Senn
- Ear-Nose-Throat/Head and Neck Surgery Division, Geneva University Hospitals, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland; (C.S.); (P.S.); (N.G.); (H.C.-V.)
| | - Nils Guinand
- Ear-Nose-Throat/Head and Neck Surgery Division, Geneva University Hospitals, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland; (C.S.); (P.S.); (N.G.); (H.C.-V.)
| | - Helene Cao-Van
- Ear-Nose-Throat/Head and Neck Surgery Division, Geneva University Hospitals, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland; (C.S.); (P.S.); (N.G.); (H.C.-V.)
| | - Ariane Paoloni-Giacobino
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland; (R.V.H.); (M.T.C.-R.); (E.R.); (L.Q.); (C.G.); (E.H.); (M.G.); (M.A.)
- Correspondence:
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11
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Marconi C, Lemmens L, Masclaux F, Mattioli F, Fluss J, Extermann P, Mendez P, Leuchter RHV, Stathaki E, Laurent S, Hammar E, Vannier A, Varvagiannis K, Guipponi M, Sloan-Bena F, Blouin JL, Abramowicz M, Fokstuen S. Bi-allelic loss of ERGIC1 causes relatively mild arthrogryposis. Clin Genet 2021; 100:329-333. [PMID: 34037256 PMCID: PMC8453841 DOI: 10.1111/cge.14004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Arthrogryposis describes the presence of multiple joint-contractures. Clinical severity of this phenotype is variable, and more than 400 causative genes have been proposed. Among these, ERGIC1 is a recently reported candidate encoding a putative transmembrane protein of the ER-Golgi interface. Two homozygous missense variants have been reported in patients with relatively mild non-syndromic arthrogryposis. In a consanguineous family with two affected siblings presenting congenital arthrogryposis and some facial dysmorphism we performed prenatal array-CGH, postnatal targeted exome and genome sequencing. Genome sequencing identified a homozygous 22.6 Kb deletion encompassing the promoter and first exon of ERGIC1. mRNA quantification showed the complete absence of ERGIC1 expression in the two affected siblings and a decrease in heterozygous parents. Our observations validate the pathogenic role of ERGIC1 in congenital arthrogryposis and demonstrate that complete loss of function causes a relatively mild phenotype. These findings will contribute to improve genetic counseling of ERGIC1 mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caterina Marconi
- Genetic Medicine division, Diagnostic Department, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève, Genève (CH), Switzerland
| | - Laure Lemmens
- Genetic Medicine division, Diagnostic Department, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève, Genève (CH), Switzerland
| | - Frédéric Masclaux
- Genetic Medicine division, Diagnostic Department, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève, Genève (CH), Switzerland
| | - Francesca Mattioli
- Genetic Medicine division, Diagnostic Department, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève, Genève (CH), Switzerland
| | - Joël Fluss
- Pediatric Specialties division, Department of Women, Children and Adolescents, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève, Genève (CH), Switzerland
| | | | - Purificacion Mendez
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Centre Médical Eaux-Vives, Genève (CH), Switzerland
| | - Russia Ha-Vinh Leuchter
- Pediatric Specialties division, Department of Women, Children and Adolescents, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève, Genève (CH), Switzerland
| | - Elissavet Stathaki
- Genetic Medicine division, Diagnostic Department, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève, Genève (CH), Switzerland
| | - Sacha Laurent
- Genetic Medicine division, Diagnostic Department, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève, Genève (CH), Switzerland
| | - Eva Hammar
- Genetic Medicine division, Diagnostic Department, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève, Genève (CH), Switzerland
| | - Anne Vannier
- Genetic Medicine division, Diagnostic Department, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève, Genève (CH), Switzerland
| | - Konstantinos Varvagiannis
- Genetic Medicine division, Diagnostic Department, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève, Genève (CH), Switzerland
| | - Michel Guipponi
- Genetic Medicine division, Diagnostic Department, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève, Genève (CH), Switzerland.,Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, School of Medicine, University of Geneva, Genève (CH), Switzerland
| | - Frédérique Sloan-Bena
- Genetic Medicine division, Diagnostic Department, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève, Genève (CH), Switzerland.,Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, School of Medicine, University of Geneva, Genève (CH), Switzerland
| | - Jean-Louis Blouin
- Genetic Medicine division, Diagnostic Department, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève, Genève (CH), Switzerland.,Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, School of Medicine, University of Geneva, Genève (CH), Switzerland
| | - Marc Abramowicz
- Genetic Medicine division, Diagnostic Department, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève, Genève (CH), Switzerland.,Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, School of Medicine, University of Geneva, Genève (CH), Switzerland
| | - Siv Fokstuen
- Genetic Medicine division, Diagnostic Department, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève, Genève (CH), Switzerland.,Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, School of Medicine, University of Geneva, Genève (CH), Switzerland
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12
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Huang X, Shen W, Veizades S, Liang G, Sayed N, Nguyen PK. Single-Cell Transcriptional Profiling Reveals Sex and Age Diversity of Gene Expression in Mouse Endothelial Cells. Front Genet 2021; 12:590377. [PMID: 33679877 PMCID: PMC7929607 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.590377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Although it is well-known that sex and age are important factors regulating endothelial cell (EC) function, the impact of sex and age on the gene expression of ECs has not been systematically analyzed at the single cell level. In this study, we performed an integrated characterization of the EC transcriptome of five major organs (e.g., fat, heart-aorta, lung, limb muscle, and kidney) isolated from male and female C57BL/6 mice at 3 and 18 months of age. A total of 590 and 252 differentially expressed genes (DEGS) were identified between females and males in the 3- and 18-month subgroups, respectively. Within the younger and older group, there were 177 vs. 178 DEGS in fat, 305 vs. 469 DEGS in heart/aorta, 22 vs. 37 DEGS in kidney, 26 vs. 439 DEGS in limb muscle, and 880 vs. 274 DEGS in lung. Interestingly, LARS2, a mitochondrial leucyl tRNA synthase, involved in the translation of mitochondrially encoded genes was differentially expressed in all organs in males compared to females in the 3-month group while S100a8 and S100a9, which are calcium binding proteins that are increased in inflammatory and autoimmune states, were upregulated in all organs in males at 18 months. Importantly, findings from RNAseq were confirmed by qPCR and Western blot. Gene enrichment analysis found genes enriched in protein targeting, catabolism, mitochondrial electron transport, IL 1- and IL 2- signaling, and Wnt signaling in males vs. angiogenesis and chemotaxis in females at 3 months. In contrast, ECs from males and females at 18-months had up-regulation in similar pathways involved in inflammation and apoptosis. Taken together, our findings suggest that gene expression is largely similar between males and females in both age groups. Compared to younger mice, however, older mice have increased expression of genes involved in inflammation in endothelial cells, which may contribute to the development of chronic, non-communicable diseases like atherosclerosis, hypertension, and Alzheimer's disease with age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianxi Huang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Wenjun Shen
- Department of Bioinformatics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Center for Biomedical Informatics Research, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Stefan Veizades
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford, CA, United States
- Edinburgh Medical School, College of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Grace Liang
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford, CA, United States
- Cardiology Section, Department of Veteran Affairs, Palo Alto, CA, United States
| | - Nazish Sayed
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Patricia K. Nguyen
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford, CA, United States
- Cardiology Section, Department of Veteran Affairs, Palo Alto, CA, United States
- *Correspondence: Patricia K. Nguyen
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13
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Oziębło D, Pazik J, Stępniak I, Skarżyński H, Ołdak M. Two Novel Pathogenic Variants Confirm RMND1 Causative Role in Perrault Syndrome with Renal Involvement. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:E1060. [PMID: 32911714 PMCID: PMC7564844 DOI: 10.3390/genes11091060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
RMND1 (required for meiotic nuclear division 1 homolog) pathogenic variants are known to cause combined oxidative phosphorylation deficiency (COXPD11), a severe multisystem disorder. In one patient, a homozygous RMND1 pathogenic variant, with an established role in COXPD11, was associated with a Perrault-like syndrome. We performed a thorough clinical investigation and applied a targeted multigene hearing loss panel to reveal the cause of hearing loss, ovarian dysfunction (two cardinal features of Perrault syndrome) and chronic kidney disease in two adult female siblings. Two compound heterozygous missense variants, c.583G>A (p.Gly195Arg) and c.818A>C (p.Tyr273Ser), not previously associated with disease, were identified in RMND1 in both patients, and their segregation with disease was confirmed in family members. The patients have no neurological or intellectual impairment, and nephrological evaluation predicts a benign course of kidney disease. Our study presents the mildest, so far reported, RMND1-related phenotype and delivers the first independent confirmation that RMND1 is causally involved in the development of Perrault syndrome with renal involvement. This highlights the importance of including RMND1 to the list of Perrault syndrome causative factors and provides new insight into the clinical manifestation of RMND1 deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominika Oziębło
- Department of Genetics, Institute of Physiology and Pathology of Hearing, 02-042 Warsaw, Poland; (D.O.); (I.S.)
- Postgraduate School of Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Joanna Pazik
- Department of Transplantation Medicine, Nephrology and Internal Diseases, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Iwona Stępniak
- Department of Genetics, Institute of Physiology and Pathology of Hearing, 02-042 Warsaw, Poland; (D.O.); (I.S.)
| | - Henryk Skarżyński
- Oto-Rhino-Laryngology Surgery Clinic, Institute of Physiology and Pathology of Hearing, 02-042 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Monika Ołdak
- Department of Genetics, Institute of Physiology and Pathology of Hearing, 02-042 Warsaw, Poland; (D.O.); (I.S.)
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