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Kalbe E, Folkerts AK, Witt K, Buhmann C, Liepelt-Scarfone I. German Society of Neurology guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of cognitive impairment and affective disorders in people with Parkinson's disease: new spotlights on diagnostic procedures and non-pharmacological interventions. J Neurol 2024:10.1007/s00415-024-12503-0. [PMID: 39120709 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-024-12503-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Cognitive impairment and dementia as well as affective disorders are common and debilitating syndromes that develop in people with Parkinson's disease (PwPD). The authors summarized recommendations for the 2023 updated German guidelines on "Parkinson's disease" from the German Neurological Society (DGN), focusing on the diagnosis and treatment of these disorders. METHODS The recommendations were based on literature reviews, other relevant guidelines, and expert opinions. RESULTS Measurements to assess cognitive and affective states were reviewed for psychometric properties, use in routine clinical practice, and availability in German. To improve mild cognitive impairment, cognitive training and physical aerobic training are recommended. To treat Parkinson's disease (PD)-related dementia, cognitive stimulation (as a non-pharmacological intervention) and acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (AChEIs, i.e., rivastigmine) are recommended. Cognitive behavioral therapy is recommended to treat depression, anxiety, and fear of progression. Physical interventions are recommended to treat depression, fatigue, and apathy. Optimized dopaminergic treatment is the first-line pharmacological strategy recommended to manage depression, apathy, anhedonia, fatigue, and mood swings. Major depression can be additionally treated using venlafaxine or desipramine, while moderate depression can be treated pharmacologically according to its clinical phenotype (psychomotor retardation or agitation) and comorbidities (e.g., sleep disturbances, pain). Venlafaxine and nortriptyline can be used to treat anhedonia, while citalopram can be used for anxiety. CONCLUSIONS In addition to the updated pharmacological treatment options, new insights into recommendations for standardized diagnostics and non-pharmacological interventions were provided for the German health care system. However, more studies are needed to explore the full potential of non-pharmacological interventions to treat and prevent cognitive impairment and affective disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elke Kalbe
- Medical Psychology | Neuropsychology and Gender Studies & Center for Neuropsychological Diagnostics and Intervention (CeNDI), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
| | - Ann-Kristin Folkerts
- Medical Psychology | Neuropsychology and Gender Studies & Center for Neuropsychological Diagnostics and Intervention (CeNDI), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Karsten Witt
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine and Health Science, Carl Von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
- Research Center of Neurosensory Science, Carl Von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Evangelical Hospital, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Carsten Buhmann
- Department of Neurology, University Clinic Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Inga Liepelt-Scarfone
- Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany
- IB-Hochschule, Stuttgart, Germany
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Asuku AO, Ayinla MT, Olajide TS, Oyerinde TO, Yusuf JA, Bayo-Olugbami AA, Fajemidagba GA. Coffee and Parkinson's disease. PROGRESS IN BRAIN RESEARCH 2024; 289:1-19. [PMID: 39168575 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pbr.2024.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a prevalent neurodegenerative disease marked by dopaminergic neuronal loss and misfolded alpha-synuclein (α-syn) accumulation, which results in both motor and cognitive symptoms. Its occurrence grows with age, with a larger prevalence among males. Despite substantial study, effective medicines to reduce or stop the progression of diseases remain elusive. Interest has grown in examining dietary components, such as caffeine present in coffee, for potential medicinal effects. Epidemiological studies imply a lower incidence of PD with coffee drinking, attributable to caffeine's neuroprotective abilities. Beyond caffeine, coffee constituent like chlorogenic acid and cafestol have anti-Parkinsonian benefits. Moreover, coffee use has been related with variations in gut microbiota composition, which may reduce intestinal inflammation and prevent protein misfolding in enteric nerves, perhaps through the microbiota-gut-brain axis. This review gives a summary of the neuroprotective effects of coffee, investigating both its motor and non-motor advantages in individuals with PD as well as in experimental models of PD. We reviewed some bioactive constituents of coffee, their respective interactions with misfolded α-syn accumulation, and its emerging mechanisms associated to the gut microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abraham Olufemi Asuku
- Bioresources Development Centre, National Biotechnology Research and Development Agency, Ogbomoso, Oyo, Nigeria; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Kwara, Nigeria.
| | - Maryam Tayo Ayinla
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Kwara, Nigeria
| | - Tobiloba Samuel Olajide
- Laboratory for Experimental and Translational Neurobiology, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo, Ondo, Nigeria
| | - Toheeb O Oyerinde
- Laboratory for Experimental and Translational Neurobiology, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo, Ondo, Nigeria
| | - Joshua Ayodele Yusuf
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo, Nigeria
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Houle N, Feaster T, Mira A, Meeks K, Stepp CE. Sex Differences in the Speech of Persons With and Without Parkinson's Disease. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY 2024; 33:96-116. [PMID: 37889201 PMCID: PMC11000784 DOI: 10.1044/2023_ajslp-22-00350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sex differences are apparent in the prevalence and the clinical presentation of Parkinson's disease (PD), but their effects on speech have been less studied. METHOD Speech acoustics of persons with (34 females and 34 males) and without (age- and sex-matched) PD were examined, assessing the effects of PD diagnosis and sex on ratings of dysarthria severity and acoustic measures of phonation (fundamental frequency standard deviation, smoothed cepstral peak prominence), speech rate (net syllables per second, percent pause ratio), and articulation (articulatory-acoustic vowel space, release burst precision). RESULTS Most measures were affected by PD (dysarthria severity, fundamental frequency standard deviation) and sex (smoothed cepstral peak prominence, net syllables per second, percent pause ratio, articulatory-acoustic vowel space), but without interactions between them. Release burst precision was differentially affected by sex in PD. Relative to those without PD, persons with PD produced fewer plosives with a single burst: females more frequently produced multiple bursts, whereas males more frequently produced no burst at all. CONCLUSIONS Most metrics did not indicate that speech production is differentially affected by sex in PD. Sex was, however, associated with disparate effects on release burst precision in PD, which deserves further study. SUPPLEMENTAL MATERIAL https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.24388666.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nichole Houle
- Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, Boston University, MA
| | - Taylor Feaster
- Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, Boston University, MA
| | - Amna Mira
- Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, Boston University, MA
- College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kirsten Meeks
- Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, Boston University, MA
| | - Cara E. Stepp
- Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, Boston University, MA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, MA
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery, Boston University School of Medicine, MA
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Gabbert C, König IR, Lüth T, Kasten M, Grünewald A, Klein C, Trinh J. Lifestyle factors and clinical severity of Parkinson's disease. Sci Rep 2023; 13:9537. [PMID: 37308498 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-31531-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetic factors, environmental factors, and gene-environment interactions have been found to modify PD risk, age at onset (AAO), and disease progression. The objective of this study was to explore the association of coffee drinking, aspirin intake, and smoking, with motor and non-motor symptoms in a cohort of 35,959 American patients with PD from the Fox Insight Study using generalized linear models. Coffee drinkers had fewer problems swallowing but dosage and duration of coffee intake were not associated with motor or non-motor symptoms. Aspirin intake correlated with more tremor (p = 0.0026), problems getting up (p = 0.0185), light-headedness (p = 0.0043), and problems remembering (p = 1 × 10-5). Smoking was directly associated with symptoms: smokers had more problems with drooling (p = 0.0106), swallowing (p = 0.0002), and freezing (p < 1 × 10-5). Additionally, smokers had more possibly mood-related symptoms: unexplained pains (p < 1 × 10-5), problems remembering (p = 0.0001), and feeling sad (p < 1 × 10-5). Confirmatory and longitudinal studies are warranted to investigate the clinical correlation over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolin Gabbert
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Inke R König
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Statistics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Theresa Lüth
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Meike Kasten
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538, Lübeck, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Anne Grünewald
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538, Lübeck, Germany
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-Sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Christine Klein
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Joanne Trinh
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538, Lübeck, Germany.
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Sex Differences in Parkinson’s Disease: From Bench to Bedside. Brain Sci 2022; 12:brainsci12070917. [PMID: 35884724 PMCID: PMC9313069 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12070917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder after Alzheimer’s disease and gender differences have been described on several aspects of PD. In the present commentary, we aimed to collect and discuss the currently available evidence on gender differences in PD regarding biomarkers, genetic factors, motor and non-motor symptoms, therapeutic management (including pharmacological and surgical treatment) as well as preclinical studies. Methods: A systematic literature review was performed by searching the Pubmed and Scopus databases with the search strings “biomarkers”, “deep brain stimulation”, “female”, “gender”, “genetic”, “levodopa”, “men”, “male”, “motor symptoms”, “non-motor symptoms”, “Parkinson disease”, “sex”, “surgery”, and “women”. Results: The present review confirms the existence of differences between men and women in Parkinson Disease, pointing out new information regarding evidence from animal models, genetic factors, biomarkers, clinical features and pharmacological and surgical treatment. Conclusions: The overall goal is to acquire new informations about sex and gender differences in Parkinson Disease, in order to develop tailored intervetions.
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Coffee, smoking and aspirin are associated with age at onset in idiopathic Parkinson's disease. J Neurol 2022; 269:4195-4203. [PMID: 35235000 PMCID: PMC9294004 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-022-11041-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder. Genetic modifiers, environmental factors and gene–environment interactions have been found to modify PD risk and disease progression. The objective of this study was to evaluate the association of smoking, caffeine and anti-inflammatory drugs with age at onset (AAO) in a large PD cohort. A total of 35,963 American patients with idiopathic PD (iPD) from the Fox Insight Study responded to health and lifestyle questionnaires. We compared the median AAO between different groups using the non-parametric Mann–Whitney U test. Non-parametric Spearman’s correlation was used for correlation assessments and regression analysis was used to assess interaction between variables. We found that smoking (p < 0.0001), coffee drinking (p < 0.0001) and aspirin intake (p < 0.0001) show an exploratory association with AAO in PD, that was further supported by multivariate regression models. The association of aspirin with PD AAO was replicated in another cohort (EPIPARK) (n = 237 patients with PD).
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Saud S, Salamatullah AM. Relationship between the Chemical Composition and the Biological Functions of Coffee. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26247634. [PMID: 34946716 PMCID: PMC8704863 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26247634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Revised: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Coffee is a Rubiaceae coffee plant ranked as the first of the three most important beverages in the world, with effects including lowering blood sugar, protecting the liver, and protecting the nerves. Coffee contains many chemical components, including alkaloids, phenolic acids, flavonoids, terpenoids, and so on. Chemical components in coffee are the basis of its biological function and taste. The chemical components are the basis of biological activities and form the characteristic aroma of coffee. The main chemical components and biological activities of coffee have been extensively studied, which would provide a relevant basis and theoretical support for the further development of the coffee industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shah Saud
- College of Life Sciences, Linyi University, Linyi 276012, China;
| | - Ahmad Mohammad Salamatullah
- Department of Food Science & Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence:
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Al-Okbi SY, Mabrok HB, Al-Siedy ESK, Mohamed RS, Ramadan AA. Iron status, immune system, and expression of brain divalent metal transporter 1 and dopamine receptors D1 interrelationship in Parkinson’s disease and the role of grape seed and green coffee bean extracts and quercetin in mitigating the disease in rats. JOURNAL OF HERBMED PHARMACOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.34172/jhp.2022.07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease with a prevalence of 1% in the elderly worldwide. The aim of the research is to study the interrelationship of iron status, the immune system including inflammatory cytokines, brain divalent metal transporter 1 (DMT1), and dopamine receptors D1 (DRD1) in a PD rat model. The potential protective effects of grape seed and green coffee bean ethanol extracts and quercetin were also studied. Methods: Phenolic and flavonoid contents of grape seed and green coffee bean and in vitro free radicals scavenging activities of the extracts and quercetin were determined. Male rats were divided into five groups. Group 1 served as normal control (NC), group 2 represented Parkinsonian control (PC). Groups 3, 4, and 5 were the test groups treated by daily oral green coffee bean, grape seed extracts, and quercetin, respectively. PD was induced by rotenone in groups 2 to 5. Brain oxidative stress, DMT1, and DRD1 expressions, and histopathology were assessed. Parameters of the immune system, represented by plasma interferon-gamma (IFNγ) and CD4, and brain tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) along with iron status were also determined. Results: Phenolic and flavonoid contents of green coffee bean were high compared to grape seed (P < 0.05). Quercetin experienced the highest in-vitro free radicals scavenging activities. Iron deficiency anemia, together with elevated IFNγ, TNF-α, DMT1 expressions, and brain malondialdehyde (MDA) were demonstrated in PC compared to NC (P < 0.05). Also, reduction in CD4 and brain reduced-glutathione (GSH) (P < 0.05) were noticed in PC with brain histopathological alterations. Different treatments showed variable improvements in the majority of parameters (P < 0.05) and brain histopathology. Conclusion: Iron deficiency anemia might result from cytokine elevation in PD. Reduced DRD1 and altered immune system including cytokines together with increased brain DMT1 might induce neurodegeneration in PD. Different treatments showed variable neuroprotective effects through modulation of inflammation, oxidative stress, immune system, iron status, DMT1, and DRD1.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hoda Bakr Mabrok
- Nutrition and Food Sciences Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Rasha Salah Mohamed
- Nutrition and Food Sciences Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
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Gonzalez-Latapi P, Bayram E, Litvan I, Marras C. Cognitive Impairment in Parkinson's Disease: Epidemiology, Clinical Profile, Protective and Risk Factors. Behav Sci (Basel) 2021; 11:bs11050074. [PMID: 34068064 PMCID: PMC8152515 DOI: 10.3390/bs11050074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cognitive impairment is a common non-motor symptom in Parkinson's Disease (PD) and an important source of patient disability and caregiver burden. The timing, profile and rate of cognitive decline varies widely among individuals with PD and can range from normal cognition to mild cognitive impairment (PD-MCI) and dementia (PDD). Beta-amyloid and tau brain accumulation, oxidative stress and neuroinflammation are reported risk factors for cognitive impairment. Traumatic brain injury and pesticide and tobacco exposure have also been described. Genetic risk factors including genes such as COMT, APOE, MAPT and BDNF may also play a role. Less is known about protective factors, although the Mediterranean diet and exercise may fall in this category. Nonetheless, there is conflicting evidence for most of the factors that have been studied. The use of inconsistent criteria and lack of comprehensive assessment in many studies are important methodological issues. Timing of exposure also plays a crucial role, although identification of the correct time window has been historically difficult in PD. Our understanding of the mechanism behind these factors, as well as the interactions between gene and environment as determinants of disease phenotype and the identification of modifiable risk factors will be paramount, as this will allow for potential interventions even in established PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Gonzalez-Latapi
- Edmond J. Safra Program in Parkinson’s Disease and the Morton and Gloria Shulman Movement Disorders Clinic, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5T2S8, Canada;
| | - Ece Bayram
- Parkinson and Other Movement Disorders Center, Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; (E.B.); (I.L.)
| | - Irene Litvan
- Parkinson and Other Movement Disorders Center, Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; (E.B.); (I.L.)
| | - Connie Marras
- Edmond J. Safra Program in Parkinson’s Disease and the Morton and Gloria Shulman Movement Disorders Clinic, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5T2S8, Canada;
- Correspondence:
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