1
|
Isaksson C, Ziegler AK, Powell D, Gudmundsson A, Andersson MN, Rissler J. Transcriptome analysis of avian livers reveals different molecular changes to three urban pollutants: Soot, artificial light at night and noise. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 358:124461. [PMID: 38964643 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
Identifying key molecular pathways and genes involved in the response to urban pollutants is an important step in furthering our understanding of the impact of urbanisation on wildlife. The expansion of urban habitats and the associated human-introduced environmental changes are considered a global threat to the health and persistence of humans and wildlife. The present study experimentally investigates how short-term exposure to three urban-related pollutants -soot, artificial light at night (ALAN) and traffic noise-affects transcriptome-wide gene expression in livers from captive female zebra finches (Taeniopygia guttata). Compared to unexposed controls, 17, 52, and 28 genes were differentially expressed in soot, ALAN and noise-exposed birds, respectively. In soot-exposed birds, the enriched gene ontology (GO) terms were associated with a suppressed immune system such as interferon regulating genes (IRGs) and responses to external stimuli. For ALAN-exposed birds, enriched GO terms were instead based on downregulated genes associated with detoxification, redox, hormonal-, and metabolic processes. Noise exposure resulted in downregulation of genes associated with the GO terms: cellular responses to substances, catabolic and cytokine responses. Among the individually differentially expressed genes (DEGs), soot led to an increased expression of genes related to tumour progression. Likewise, ALAN revealed an upregulation of multiple genes linked to different cancer types. Both sensory pollutants (ALAN and noise) led to increased expression of genes linked to neuronal function. Interestingly, noise caused upregulation of genes associated with serotonin regulation and function (SLC6A4 and HTR7), which previous studies have shown to be under selection in urban birds. These outcomes indicate that short-term exposure to the three urban pollutants perturbate the liver transcriptome, but most often in different ways, which highlights future studies of multiple-stress exposure and their interactive effects, along with their long-term impacts for urban-dwelling wildlife.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Isaksson
- Department of Biology, Lund University, SE-223 62, Lund, Sweden.
| | - A-K Ziegler
- Department of Biology, Lund University, SE-223 62, Lund, Sweden
| | - D Powell
- Department of Biology, Lund University, SE-223 62, Lund, Sweden
| | - A Gudmundsson
- Ergonomics and Aerosol Technology, Department of Design Sciences, Faculty of Engineering, Lund University, SE-223 62, Lund, Sweden
| | - M N Andersson
- Department of Biology, Lund University, SE-223 62, Lund, Sweden
| | - J Rissler
- Ergonomics and Aerosol Technology, Department of Design Sciences, Faculty of Engineering, Lund University, SE-223 62, Lund, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Aherrahrou R, Baig F, Theofilatos K, Lue D, Beele A, Örd T, Kaikkonen MU, Aherrahrou Z, Cheng Q, Ghosh S, Karnewar S, Karnewar V, Finn A, Owens GK, Joner M, Mayr M, Civelek M. Secreted protein profiling of human aortic smooth muscle cells identifies vascular disease associations. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2023:2023.11.10.23298351. [PMID: 37986932 PMCID: PMC10659471 DOI: 10.1101/2023.11.10.23298351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Background Smooth muscle cells (SMCs), which make up the medial layer of arteries, are key cell types involved in cardiovascular diseases (CVD), the leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. In response to microenvironment alterations, SMCs dedifferentiate from a "contractile" to a "synthetic" phenotype characterized by an increased proliferation, migration, production of extracellular matrix (ECM) components, and decreased expression of SMC-specific contractile markers. These phenotypic changes result in vascular remodeling and contribute to the pathogenesis of CVD, including coronary artery disease (CAD), stroke, hypertension, and aortic aneurysms. Here, we aim to identify the genetic variants that regulate ECM secretion in SMCs and predict the causal proteins associated with vascular disease-related loci identified in genome-wide association studies (GWAS). Methods Using human aortic SMCs from 123 multi-ancestry healthy heart transplant donors, we collected the serum-free media in which the cells were cultured for 24 hours and conducted Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)-based proteomic analysis of the conditioned media. Results We measured the abundance of 270 ECM and related proteins. Next, we performed protein quantitative trait locus mapping (pQTL) and identified 20 loci associated with secreted protein abundance in SMCs. We functionally annotated these loci using a colocalization approach. This approach prioritized the genetic variant rs6739323-A at the 2p22.3 locus, which is associated with lower expression of LTBP1 in SMCs and atherosclerosis-prone areas of the aorta, and increased risk for SMC calcification. We found that LTBP1 expression is abundant in SMCs, and its expression at mRNA and protein levels was reduced in unstable and advanced atherosclerotic plaque lesions. Conclusions Our results unravel the SMC proteome signature associated with vascular disorders, which may help identify potential therapeutic targets to accelerate the pathway to translation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rédouane Aherrahrou
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Finland
- Institute for Cardiogenetics, Universität zu Lübeck; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany; University Heart Centre Lübeck, Germany
| | - Ferheen Baig
- King’s British Heart Foundation Centre, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Dillon Lue
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Alicia Beele
- CVPath Institute, Inc., 19 Firstfield Road, Gaithersburg, MD
| | - Tiit Örd
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Finland
| | - Minna U Kaikkonen
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Finland
| | - Zouhair Aherrahrou
- Institute for Cardiogenetics, Universität zu Lübeck; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany; University Heart Centre Lübeck, Germany
| | - Qi Cheng
- CVPath Institute, Inc., 19 Firstfield Road, Gaithersburg, MD
| | - Saikat Ghosh
- CVPath Institute, Inc., 19 Firstfield Road, Gaithersburg, MD
| | - Santosh Karnewar
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, United States of America
| | - Vaishnavi Karnewar
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, United States of America
| | - Aloke Finn
- CVPath Institute, Inc., 19 Firstfield Road, Gaithersburg, MD
| | - Gary K. Owens
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, United States of America
| | - Michael Joner
- Klinik für Herz-und Kreislauferkrankungen, Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Manuel Mayr
- King’s British Heart Foundation Centre, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mete Civelek
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Singh V, Katiyar A, Malik P, Kumar S, Mohan A, Singh H, Jain D. Identification of molecular biomarkers associated with non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) using whole-exome sequencing. Cancer Biomark 2023:CBM220211. [PMID: 37694353 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-220211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Significant progress has been made in the treatment of patients with pulmonary adenocarcinoma (ADCA) based on molecular profiling. However, no such molecular target exists for squamous cell carcinoma (SQCC). An exome sequence may provide new markers for personalized medicine for lung cancer patients of all subtypes. The current study aims to discover new genetic markers that can be used as universal biomarkers for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). METHODS WES of 19 advanced NSCLC patients (10 ADCA and 9 SQCC) was performed using Illumina HiSeq 2000. Variant calling was performed using GATK HaplotypeCaller and then the impacts of variants on protein structure or function were predicted using SnpEff and ANNOVAR. The clinical impact of somatic variants in cancer was assessed using cancer archives. Somatic variants were further prioritized using a knowledge-driven variant interpretation approach. Sanger sequencing was used to validate functionally important variants. RESULTS We identified 24 rare single-nucleotide variants (SNVs) including 17 non-synonymous SNVs, and 7 INDELs in 18 genes possibly linked to lung carcinoma. Variants were classified as known somatic (n= 10), deleterious (n= 8), and variant of uncertain significance (n= 6). We found TBP and MPRIP genes exclusively associated with ADCA subtypes, FBOX6 with SQCC subtypes and GPRIN2, KCNJ18 and TEKT4 genes mutated in all the patients. The Sanger sequencing of 10 high-confidence somatic SNVs showed 100% concordance in 7 genes, and 80% concordance in the remaining 3 genes. CONCLUSIONS Our bioinformatics analysis identified KCNJ18, GPRIN2, TEKT4, HRNR, FOLR3, ESSRA, CTBP2, MPRIP, TBP, and FBXO6 may contribute to progression in NSCLC and could be used as new biomarkers for the treatment. The mechanism by which GPRIN2, KCNJ12, and TEKT4 contribute to tumorigenesis is unclear, but our results suggest they may play an important role in NSCLC and it is worth investigating in future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Varsha Singh
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, India
| | - Amit Katiyar
- Bioinformatics Facility, Centralized Core Research Facility, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, India
| | - Prabhat Malik
- Department of Medical Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, India
| | - Sunil Kumar
- Department of Surgical Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, India
| | - Anant Mohan
- Department of Pulmonary Critical Care & Sleep Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, Ansari Nagar, India
| | - Harpreet Singh
- ICMR-AIIMS Computational Genomics Center, Division of Biomedical Informatics, Indian Council of Medical Research, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, India
| | - Deepali Jain
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Guadalupi G, Contini C, Iavarone F, Castagnola M, Messana I, Faa G, Onali S, Chessa L, Vitorino R, Amado F, Diaz G, Manconi B, Cabras T, Olianas A. Combined Salivary Proteome Profiling and Machine Learning Analysis Provides Insight into Molecular Signature for Autoimmune Liver Diseases Classification. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12207. [PMID: 37569584 PMCID: PMC10418803 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) and primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) are autoimmune liver diseases that target the liver and have a wide spectrum of presentation. A global overview of quantitative variations on the salivary proteome in presence of these two pathologies is investigated in this study. The acid-insoluble salivary fraction of AIH and PBC patients, and healthy controls (HCs), was analyzed using a gel-based bottom-up proteomic approach combined with a robust machine learning statistical analysis of the dataset. The abundance of Arginase, Junction plakoglobin, Desmoplakin, Hexokinase-3 and Desmocollin-1 decreased, while that of BPI fold-containing family A member 2 increased in AIHp compared to HCs; the abundance of Gelsolin, CD14, Tumor-associated calcium signal transducer 2, Clusterin, Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins A2/B1, Cofilin-1 and BPI fold-containing family B member 2 increased in PBCp compared to HCs. The abundance of Hornerin decreased in both AIHp and PBCp with respect to HCs and provided an area under the ROC curve of 0.939. Machine learning analysis confirmed the feasibility of the salivary proteome to discriminate groups of subjects based on AIH or PBC occurrence as previously suggested by our group. The topology-based functional enrichment analysis performed on these potential salivary biomarkers highlights an enrichment of terms mostly related to the immune system, but also with a strong involvement in liver fibrosis process and with antimicrobial activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Guadalupi
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell’Ambiente, Università di Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy; (G.G.); (C.C.); (T.C.); (A.O.)
| | - Cristina Contini
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell’Ambiente, Università di Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy; (G.G.); (C.C.); (T.C.); (A.O.)
| | - Federica Iavarone
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario IRCCS “A. Gemelli”, 00168 Rome, Italy;
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biotecnologiche di Base, Cliniche Intensivologiche e Perioperatorie, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo Castagnola
- Laboratorio di Proteomica, Centro Europeo di Ricerca sul Cervello, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, 00168 Rome, Italy;
| | - Irene Messana
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche “Giulio Natta”, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 00168 Rome, Italy;
| | - Gavino Faa
- Division of Pathology, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University Hospital, 09124 Cagliari, Italy;
| | - Simona Onali
- Liver Unit, University Hospital of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy; (S.O.); (L.C.)
| | - Luchino Chessa
- Liver Unit, University Hospital of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy; (S.O.); (L.C.)
| | - Rui Vitorino
- iBiMED, Department of Medical Science, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal;
- UnIC@RISE, Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Francisco Amado
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal;
| | - Giacomo Diaz
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Università di Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy;
| | - Barbara Manconi
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell’Ambiente, Università di Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy; (G.G.); (C.C.); (T.C.); (A.O.)
| | - Tiziana Cabras
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell’Ambiente, Università di Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy; (G.G.); (C.C.); (T.C.); (A.O.)
| | - Alessandra Olianas
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell’Ambiente, Università di Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy; (G.G.); (C.C.); (T.C.); (A.O.)
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Yasui M, Cui L, Miyamoto H. Recent advances in the understanding of urothelial tumorigenesis. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2023; 23:485-493. [PMID: 37052619 DOI: 10.1080/14737140.2023.2203388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Patients with non-muscle-invasive bladder tumor suffer from disease recurrence following transurethral surgery even with intravesical pharmacotherapy, while muscle-invasive disease is often deadly. It is therefore critical to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms responsible for not only bladder tumor progression but also its tumorigenesis. Indeed, various molecules and/or signaling pathways have been suggested to contribute to the pathogenesis of bladder cancer. AREAS COVERED We summarize the progress during the last few years on the initiation or development, but not progression, of urothelial cancer. The clinical implications of these available data, including prognostic significance and possible application for the prevention of the recurrence of non-muscle-invasive bladder tumors, are also discussed. EXPERT OPINION Bladder cancer is a heterogeneous group of neoplasms. The establishment of personalized therapeutic options based on the molecular profile in each case should thus be considered. On that account, further accumulation of data on urothelial tumorigenesis is warranted to identify promising targets for the prevention of postoperative tumor recurrence or tumor development in otherwise high-risk patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masato Yasui
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Rochester, NY, USA
- James P. Wilmot Cancer Institute, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Liam Cui
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Hiroshi Miyamoto
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Rochester, NY, USA
- James P. Wilmot Cancer Institute, Rochester, NY, USA
- Department of Urology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Park H, Yamanaka T, Toyama Y, Fujita A, Doi H, Nirasawa T, Murayama S, Matsumoto N, Shimogori T, Ikegawa M, Haltia MJ, Nukina N. Hornerin deposits in neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease: direct identification of proteins with compositionally biased regions in inclusions. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2022; 10:28. [PMID: 35246273 PMCID: PMC8895595 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-022-01333-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease (NIID) is a neurodegenerative disorder, characterized by the presence of eosinophilic inclusions (NIIs) within nuclei of central and peripheral nervous system cells. This study aims to identify the components of NIIs, which have been difficult to analyze directly due to their insolubility. In order to establish a method to directly identify the components of NIIs, we first analyzed the huntingtin inclusion-rich fraction obtained from the brains of Huntington disease model mice. Although the sequence with expanded polyglutamine could not be identified by liquid-chromatography mass spectrometry, amino acid analysis revealed that glutamine of the huntingtin inclusion-rich fraction increased significantly. This is compatible with the calculated amino acid content of the transgene product. Therefore, we applied this method to analyze the NIIs of diseased human brains, which may have proteins with compositionally biased regions, and identified a serine-rich protein called hornerin. Since the analyzed NII-rich fraction was also serine-rich, we suggested hornerin as a major component of the NIIs. A specific distribution of hornerin in NIID was also investigated by Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization imaging mass spectrometry and immunofluorescence. Finally, we confirmed a variant of hornerin by whole-exome sequencing and DNA sequencing. This study suggests that hornerin may be related to the pathological process of this NIID, and the direct analysis of NIIs, especially by amino acid analysis using the NII-rich fractions, would contribute to a deeper understanding of the disease pathogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongsun Park
- Laboratory of Structural Neuropathology, Doshisha University Graduate School of Brain Science, 1-3 Miyakodanitatara, Kyotanabe-shi, Kyoto, 610-0394, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Yamanaka
- Laboratory of Structural Neuropathology, Doshisha University Graduate School of Brain Science, 1-3 Miyakodanitatara, Kyotanabe-shi, Kyoto, 610-0394, Japan
- Department of Neuroscience of Disease, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Yumiko Toyama
- Department of Life and Medical Systems, Doshisha University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Atsushi Fujita
- Department of Human Genetics, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Doi
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Medicine, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | | | - Shigeo Murayama
- The Brain Bank for Aging Research, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital and Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naomichi Matsumoto
- Department of Human Genetics, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Tomomi Shimogori
- Molecular Mechanisms of Brain Development, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama, Japan
| | - Masaya Ikegawa
- Department of Life and Medical Systems, Doshisha University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Matti J Haltia
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Nobuyuki Nukina
- Laboratory of Structural Neuropathology, Doshisha University Graduate School of Brain Science, 1-3 Miyakodanitatara, Kyotanabe-shi, Kyoto, 610-0394, Japan.
- Laboratory for Structural Neuropathology, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Saitama, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Alijaj N, Pavlovic B, Martel P, Rakauskas A, Cesson V, Saba K, Hermanns T, Oechslin P, Veit M, Provenzano M, Rüschoff JH, Brada MD, Rupp NJ, Poyet C, Derré L, Valerio M, Banzola I, Eberli D. Identification of Urine Biomarkers to Improve Eligibility for Prostate Biopsy and Detect High-Grade Prostate Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14051135. [PMID: 35267445 PMCID: PMC8909910 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14051135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The screening of prostate cancer (PCa), based on the serum prostate specific antigen (PSA), is characterized by a high number of false positives, leading to overdiagnosis of healthy men and overtreatment of indolent PCa. This clinical problem severely affects the quality of life of patients, who would benefit from more specific risk stratification models. By performing a mass spectrometry (MS) screening on urine samples collected prior to prostate biopsy, we identified novel biomarkers and validated them by ELISA. Here, we show that an upfront urine test, based on quantitative biomarkers and patient age, has a higher performance compared to PSA (AUC = 0.6020) and is a feasible method to improve the eligibility criteria for prostate biopsy, to detect healthy men (AUC = 0.8196) and clinically significant PCa, thereby reducing the number of unnecessary prostate biopsies. Abstract PCa screening is based on the measurements of the serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) to select men with higher risks for tumors and, thus, eligible for prostate biopsy. However, PSA testing has a low specificity, leading to unnecessary biopsies in 50–75% of cases. Therefore, more specific screening opportunities are needed to reduce the number of biopsies performed on healthy men and patients with indolent tumors. Urine samples from 45 patients with elevated PSA were collected prior to prostate biopsy, a mass spectrometry (MS) screening was performed to identify novel biomarkers and the best candidates were validated by ELISA. The urine quantification of PEDF, HPX, CD99, CANX, FCER2, HRNR, and KRT13 showed superior performance compared to PSA. Additionally, the combination of two biomarkers and patient age resulted in an AUC of 0.8196 (PSA = 0.6020) and 0.7801 (PSA = 0.5690) in detecting healthy men and high-grade PCa, respectively. In this study, we identified and validated novel urine biomarkers for the screening of PCa, showing that an upfront urine test, based on quantitative biomarkers and patient age, is a feasible method to reduce the number of unnecessary prostate biopsies and detect both healthy men and clinically significant PCa.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nagjie Alijaj
- Department of Urology, University Hospital of Zürich and University of Zürich, 8006 Zürich, Switzerland; (N.A.); (B.P.)
| | - Blaz Pavlovic
- Department of Urology, University Hospital of Zürich and University of Zürich, 8006 Zürich, Switzerland; (N.A.); (B.P.)
| | - Paul Martel
- Department of Urology, Urology Research Unit and Urology Biobank, University Hospital of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland; (P.M.); (A.R.); (V.C.); (L.D.); (M.V.)
| | - Arnas Rakauskas
- Department of Urology, Urology Research Unit and Urology Biobank, University Hospital of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland; (P.M.); (A.R.); (V.C.); (L.D.); (M.V.)
| | - Valérie Cesson
- Department of Urology, Urology Research Unit and Urology Biobank, University Hospital of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland; (P.M.); (A.R.); (V.C.); (L.D.); (M.V.)
| | - Karim Saba
- Department of Urology, University Hospital of Zürich, 8091 Zürich, Switzerland; (K.S.); (T.H.); (P.O.); (M.V.); (M.P.); (C.P.); (D.E.)
| | - Thomas Hermanns
- Department of Urology, University Hospital of Zürich, 8091 Zürich, Switzerland; (K.S.); (T.H.); (P.O.); (M.V.); (M.P.); (C.P.); (D.E.)
| | - Pascal Oechslin
- Department of Urology, University Hospital of Zürich, 8091 Zürich, Switzerland; (K.S.); (T.H.); (P.O.); (M.V.); (M.P.); (C.P.); (D.E.)
| | - Markus Veit
- Department of Urology, University Hospital of Zürich, 8091 Zürich, Switzerland; (K.S.); (T.H.); (P.O.); (M.V.); (M.P.); (C.P.); (D.E.)
| | - Maurizio Provenzano
- Department of Urology, University Hospital of Zürich, 8091 Zürich, Switzerland; (K.S.); (T.H.); (P.O.); (M.V.); (M.P.); (C.P.); (D.E.)
| | - Jan H. Rüschoff
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital of Zürich, 8091 Zürich, Switzerland; (J.H.R.); (M.D.B.); (N.J.R.)
| | - Muriel D. Brada
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital of Zürich, 8091 Zürich, Switzerland; (J.H.R.); (M.D.B.); (N.J.R.)
| | - Niels J. Rupp
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital of Zürich, 8091 Zürich, Switzerland; (J.H.R.); (M.D.B.); (N.J.R.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Zürich, 8032 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Cédric Poyet
- Department of Urology, University Hospital of Zürich, 8091 Zürich, Switzerland; (K.S.); (T.H.); (P.O.); (M.V.); (M.P.); (C.P.); (D.E.)
| | - Laurent Derré
- Department of Urology, Urology Research Unit and Urology Biobank, University Hospital of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland; (P.M.); (A.R.); (V.C.); (L.D.); (M.V.)
| | - Massimo Valerio
- Department of Urology, Urology Research Unit and Urology Biobank, University Hospital of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland; (P.M.); (A.R.); (V.C.); (L.D.); (M.V.)
| | - Irina Banzola
- Department of Urology, University Hospital of Zürich and University of Zürich, 8006 Zürich, Switzerland; (N.A.); (B.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +41762503737
| | - Daniel Eberli
- Department of Urology, University Hospital of Zürich, 8091 Zürich, Switzerland; (K.S.); (T.H.); (P.O.); (M.V.); (M.P.); (C.P.); (D.E.)
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Zhang W, Su F, Wang M, Hou H, Liu M, Liu D, Liu H. Multiple Origin and Tumor Heterogeneity of Prostatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma in the Han Chinese Population. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2021; 25:727-732. [PMID: 34788144 DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2021.0126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Prostatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) is recognized as an advanced stage cancer and is often observed in conjunction with acinar adenocarcinoma, with abundant cytoplasm arranged in a papillary pattern. When compared with acinar adenocarcinoma, it is characterized by an increased biochemical recurrence rate and unusual metastasis sites. The purpose of the present study was to further elucidate the genomic alterations associated with PDA. Methods: Whole-exome sequencing (WES) and linkage analyses were performed on genomic DNA isolated from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) samples obtained from eleven PDA tumors and paired benign tissues. The profiles of somatic mutations, indels as well as copy-number alterations were confirmed in PDA patients. The clonal evolution patterns of the eleven PDA cases were compared with the data obtained from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) for eight primary prostatic acinar adenocarcinoma patients. Results: The same somatic changes were observed in PDA as in advanced and/or metastatic acinar adenocarcinomas. For example, the mutations of a known prostate cancer driver gene CDKN1A, were the most significant events among 17% of tumors. In addition to the known amplification of chromosomes 1q, 4p, 8q, and 14q, the copy number of several large regions also increased significantly. The origin of PDA was heterogeneous: some patients (e.g. P5) were consistent with the monoclonal model, while others (e.g. P7) were polyclonal. Conclusions: PDA and acinar adenocarcinomas of prostate with high Gleason score have similar mutational profiles. The somatic mutations in PDA may be the reason for its invasive biological behavior.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China.,Department of Pathology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Beijing, P.R. China. Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Fei Su
- Clinical Biobank, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Beijing, P.R. China. Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Miao Wang
- Department of Urology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Beijing, P.R. China. Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Huimin Hou
- Department of Urology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Beijing, P.R. China. Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Ming Liu
- Department of Urology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Beijing, P.R. China. Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Dongge Liu
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Beijing, P.R. China. Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Honggang Liu
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Arnoff TE, El-Deiry WS. CDKN1A/p21 WAF1, RB1, ARID1A, FLG, and HRNR mutation patterns provide insights into urinary tract environmental exposure carcinogenesis and potential treatment strategies. Am J Cancer Res 2021; 11:5452-5471. [PMID: 34873472 PMCID: PMC8640812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Bladder carcinoma has a 6% 5-year survival-rate for metastatic disease, with poorly understood links between genetic and environmental drivers of disease development, progression, and treatment response. Rhode Island has among the highest annual age-adjusted incidence rate of bladder cancer at 26.0/100,000, compared to 20.0 in the US, with a paucity of known driver genes for targeted therapies or predictive biomarkers. Bladder carcinomas have the highest frequency of alterations in CDKN1A/p21WAF1 (10%) across all cancer types analyzed in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) PanCancer Atlas Studies, displaying a predominance of truncating mutations (86%). We found that lung carcinomas lack CDKN1A truncating mutations, despite the shared role of tobacco as a risk factor for bladder cancer. Bladder carcinomas also have the highest frequency of RB1 alterations in TCGA (25%). We find that chromophobe renal cell carcinomas with CDKN1A and RB1 mutations are 100% truncating. Analysis of 1,868 bladder tumors demonstrated that truncating CDKN1A mutations co-occur with truncating RB1 mutations, suggesting an environmental exposure signature. Moreover, we found that HRNR and FLG mutations are enriched in tumors with CDKN1A alteration, suggesting potential novel roles in promoting bladder tumorigenesis. Association of HRNR with AKT activation offers possible therapeutic avenues, and FLG may provide insight into carcinogen exposure within the bladder. We suggest that because APOBEC mutations largely shape the bladder cancer mutational landscape, these events likely contribute to dysfunctional DNA repair genes, leading to frameshifts and the predominance of truncations in CDKN1A, RB1, ARID1A, or other drivers. We propose that patients with co-occurrence of CDKN1A and RB1 truncations may display enhanced responsiveness to targeted therapies combining cisplatin with ATR, ATM, CHK1, and CHK2 inhibitors, expanding therapeutic options for patients in need of improved precision treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Taylor E Arnoff
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology and Experimental Cancer Therapeutics, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown UniversityProvidence, RI, USA
| | - Wafik S El-Deiry
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology and Experimental Cancer Therapeutics, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown UniversityProvidence, RI, USA
- Hematology/Oncology Division, Department of Medicine, Lifespan Health System and The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown UniversityProvidence, RI, USA
- The Joint Program in Cancer Biology, Lifespan Health System and The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown UniversityProvidence, RI, USA
- Cancer Center at Brown University, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown UniversityProvidence, RI, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Lifespan Health System and The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown UniversityProvidence, RI, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Mahmood RI, Abbass AK, Razali N, Al-Saffar AZ, Al-Obaidi JR. Protein profile of MCF-7 breast cancer cell line treated with lectin delivered by CaCO 3NPs revealed changes in molecular chaperones, cytoskeleton, and membrane-associated proteins. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 184:636-647. [PMID: 34174302 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.06.144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
The second most predominant cancer in the world and the first among women is breast cancer. We aimed to study the protein abundance profiles induced by lectin purified from the Agaricus bisporus mushroom (ABL) and conjugated with CaCO3NPs in the MCF-7 breast cancer cell line. Two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) and orbitrap mass spectrometry techniques were used to reveal the protein abundance pattern induced by lectin. Flow cytometric analysis showed the accumulation of ABL-CaCO3NPs treated cells in the G1 phase than the positive control. Thirteen proteins were found different in their abundance in breast cancer cells after 24 h exposure to lectin conjugated with CaCO3NPs. Most of the identified proteins were showing a low abundance in ABL-CaCO3NPs treated cells in comparison to the positive and negative controls, including V-set and immunoglobulin domain, serum albumin, actin cytoplasmic 1, triosephosphate isomerase, tropomyosin alpha-4 chain, and endoplasmic reticulum chaperone BiP. Hornerin, tropomyosin alpha-1 chain, annexin A2, and protein disulfide-isomerase were up-regulated in comparison to the positive. Bioinformatic analyses revealed the regulation changes of these proteins mainly affected the pathways of 'Bcl-2-associated athanogene 2 signalling pathway', 'Unfolded protein response', 'Caveolar-mediated endocytosis signalling', 'Clathrin-mediated endocytosis signalling', 'Calcium signalling' and 'Sucrose degradation V', which are associated with breast cancer. We concluded that lectin altered the abundance in molecular chaperones/heat shock proteins, cytoskeletal, and metabolic proteins. Additionally, lectin induced a low abundance of MCF-7 cancer cell proteins in comparison to the positive and negative controls, including; V-set and immunoglobulin domain, serum albumin, actin cytoplasmic 1, triosephosphate isomerase, tropomyosin alpha-4 chain, and endoplasmic reticulum chaperone BiP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rana I Mahmood
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Baghdad University, Baghdad, Iraq; Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Amal Kh Abbass
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Baghdad University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Nurhanani Razali
- Department of Hygienic Sciences, Kobe Pharmaceutical University, Motoyamakita-machi, Higashinada-ku, 658-8558, Kobe, Japan; Membranology Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna-son, Kunigami-gun, Okinawa, Japan, 904-0495
| | - Ali Z Al-Saffar
- Department of Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Jameel R Al-Obaidi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris, 35900 Tanjong Malim, Perak, Malaysia.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Dysregulation of Key Proteins Associated with Sperm Motility and Fertility Potential in Cancer Patients. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21186754. [PMID: 32942548 PMCID: PMC7554694 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 07/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer has adverse effects on male reproductive health. Conventional semen analysis does not explain the molecular changes in the spermatozoa of cancer patients. Currently, proteomics is being widely used to identify the fertility-associated molecular pathways affected in spermatozoa. The objective of this study was to evaluate the sperm proteome of patients with various types of cancer. Cryopreserved semen samples from patients (testicular cancer, n = 40; Hodgkin’s disease, n = 32; lymphoma, n = 20; leukemia, n = 17) before starting therapy were used for proteomic analysis, while samples from fertile donors (n = 19) were included as controls. The proteomic profiling of sperm was carried out by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, and differentially expressed proteins involved in the reproductive processes were validated by Western blotting. Bioinformatic analysis revealed that proteins associated with mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative phosphorylation, and Sirtuin signaling pathways were dysregulated in cancer patients, while oxidative phosphorylation and tricarboxylic acid cycle were predicted to be deactivated. Furthermore, the analysis revealed dysregulation of key proteins associated with sperm fertility potential and motility (NADH:Ubiquinone oxidoreductase core subunit S1, superoxide dismutase 1, SERPINA5, and cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 2) in the cancer group, which were further validated by Western blot. Dysfunctional molecular mechanisms essential for fertility in cancer patients prior to therapy highlight the potential impact of cancer phenotype on male fertility.
Collapse
|
12
|
Liu C, Li Z, Xu L, Shi Y, Zhang X, Shi S, Hou K, Fan Y, Li C, Wang X, Zhou L, Liu Y, Qu X, Che X. GALNT6 promotes breast cancer metastasis by increasing mucin-type O-glycosylation of α2M. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:11794-11811. [PMID: 32559179 PMCID: PMC7343513 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most lethal malignancy in women. N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 6 (GALNT6) is an enzyme which mediates the initial step of mucin-type O-glycosylation, and has been reported to be involved in mammary carcinogenesis. However, the molecular mechanism of GALNT6 in breast cancer metastasis has not been fully explored. In this study, based on online database analyses and tissue microarrays, the overall survival (OS) of breast cancer patients with high expression of GALNT6 was found to be shorter than those with low expression of GALNT6. Also, high GALNT6 expression was positively correlated with advanced pN stage and pTNM stage. GALNT6 was shown to be able to promote the migration and invasion of breast cancer cells, and enhance the level of mucin-type O-glycosylation of substrates in the supernatants of breast cancer cells. Qualitative mucin-type glycosylomics analysis identified α2M as a novel substrate of GALNT6. Further investigation showed that GALNT6 increased O-glycosylation of α2M, and the following activation of the downstream PI3K/Akt signaling pathway was involved in the promotion of migration and invasion of breast cancer cells. This study identified a new substrate of GALNT6 and provides novel understanding of the role of GALNT6 in promoting metastasis and poor prognosis in breast cancer.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Adult
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Breast/pathology
- Breast/surgery
- Breast Neoplasms/diagnosis
- Breast Neoplasms/mortality
- Breast Neoplasms/pathology
- Breast Neoplasms/surgery
- Breast Neoplasms, Male/diagnosis
- Breast Neoplasms, Male/mortality
- Breast Neoplasms, Male/pathology
- Breast Neoplasms, Male/surgery
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/diagnosis
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/mortality
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/secondary
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/surgery
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Datasets as Topic
- Female
- Follow-Up Studies
- Glycosylation
- Humans
- Kaplan-Meier Estimate
- Male
- Mastectomy
- Middle Aged
- N-Acetylgalactosaminyltransferases/metabolism
- Neoplasm Metastasis/pathology
- Neoplasm Staging
- Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/metabolism
- Prognosis
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
- Tissue Array Analysis
- alpha-Macroglobulins/metabolism
- Polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chang Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
- Key Laboratory of Anticancer Drugs and Biotherapy of Liaoning Province, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang 110042, China
| | - Zhi Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
- Key Laboratory of Anticancer Drugs and Biotherapy of Liaoning Province, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Lu Xu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
- Key Laboratory of Anticancer Drugs and Biotherapy of Liaoning Province, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Yu Shi
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
- Key Laboratory of Anticancer Drugs and Biotherapy of Liaoning Province, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Xiaojie Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
- Key Laboratory of Anticancer Drugs and Biotherapy of Liaoning Province, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Sha Shi
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
- Key Laboratory of Anticancer Drugs and Biotherapy of Liaoning Province, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Kezuo Hou
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
- Key Laboratory of Anticancer Drugs and Biotherapy of Liaoning Province, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Yibo Fan
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
- Key Laboratory of Anticancer Drugs and Biotherapy of Liaoning Province, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Ce Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
- Key Laboratory of Anticancer Drugs and Biotherapy of Liaoning Province, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Xiaoxun Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
- Key Laboratory of Anticancer Drugs and Biotherapy of Liaoning Province, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Lu Zhou
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
- Key Laboratory of Anticancer Drugs and Biotherapy of Liaoning Province, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Yunpeng Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
- Key Laboratory of Anticancer Drugs and Biotherapy of Liaoning Province, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Xiujuan Qu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
- Key Laboratory of Anticancer Drugs and Biotherapy of Liaoning Province, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Xiaofang Che
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
- Key Laboratory of Anticancer Drugs and Biotherapy of Liaoning Province, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Whole-Organ Genomic Characterization of Mucosal Field Effects Initiating Bladder Carcinogenesis. Cell Rep 2020; 26:2241-2256.e4. [PMID: 30784602 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.01.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Revised: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We used whole-organ mapping to study the locoregional molecular changes in a human bladder containing multifocal cancer. Widespread DNA methylation changes were identified in the entire mucosa, representing the initial field effect. The field effect was associated with subclonal low-allele frequency mutations and a small number of DNA copy alterations. A founder mutation in the RNA splicing gene, ACIN1, was identified in normal mucosa and expanded clonally with an additional 21 mutations in progression to carcinoma. The patterns of mutations and copy number changes in carcinoma in situ and foci of carcinoma were almost identical, confirming their clonal origins. The pathways affected by the DNA copy alterations and mutations, including the Kras pathway, were preceded by the field changes in DNA methylation, suggesting that they reinforced mechanisms that had already been initiated by methylation. The results demonstrate that DNA methylation can serve as the initiator of bladder carcinogenesis.
Collapse
|
14
|
Barazzone-Argiroffo C, Lascano Maillard J, Vidal I, Bochaton-Piallat ML, Blaskovic S, Donati Y, Wildhaber BE, Rougemont AL, Delacourt C, Ruchonnet-Métrailler I. New insights on congenital pulmonary airways malformations revealed by proteomic analyses. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2019; 14:272. [PMID: 31779656 PMCID: PMC6883702 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-019-1192-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Congenital Pulmonary Airway Malformation (CPAM) has an estimated prevalence between 0.87 and 1.02/10,000 live births and little is know about their pathogenesis. To improve our knowledge on these rare malformations, we analyzed the cellular origin of the two most frequent CPAM, CPAM types 1 and 2, and compared these malformations with adjacent healthy lung and human fetal lungs. Methods We prospectively enrolled 21 infants undergoing surgical resection for CPAM. Human fetal lung samples were collected after termination of pregnancy. Immunohistochemistry and proteomic analysis were performed on laser microdissected samples. Results CPAM 1 and 2 express mostly bronchial markers, such as cytokeratin 17 (Krt17) or α-smooth muscle actin (ACTA 2). CPAM 1 also expresses alveolar type II epithelial cell markers (SPC). Proteomic analysis on microlaser dissected epithelium confirmed these results and showed distinct protein profiles, CPAM 1 being more heterogeneous and displaying some similarities with fetal bronchi. Conclusion This study provides new insights in CPAM etiology, showing clear distinction between CPAM types 1 and 2, by immunohistochemistry and proteomics. This suggests that CPAM 1 and CPAM 2 might occur at different stages of lung branching. Finally, the comparison between fetal lung structures and CPAMs shows clearly different protein profiles, thereby arguing against a developmental arrest in a localized part of the lung.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Barazzone-Argiroffo
- Pediatric Pulmonology Unit, Department of Pediatrics,Obstetrics and Gynecology, Children's Hospital, 6 Rue Willy Donzé, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland.,Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - J Lascano Maillard
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - I Vidal
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, University Hospitals Geneva, University Center of Pediatric Surgery of Western Switzerland, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - M L Bochaton-Piallat
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - S Blaskovic
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Y Donati
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - B E Wildhaber
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, University Hospitals Geneva, University Center of Pediatric Surgery of Western Switzerland, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - A-L Rougemont
- Division of Clinical Pathology, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - C Delacourt
- AP-HP, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Service de Pneumologie et Allergologie Pédiatriques, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - I Ruchonnet-Métrailler
- Pediatric Pulmonology Unit, Department of Pediatrics,Obstetrics and Gynecology, Children's Hospital, 6 Rue Willy Donzé, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland. .,Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Rahrig S, Dettmann JM, Brauns B, Lorenz VN, Buhl T, Kezic S, Elias PM, Weidinger S, Mempel M, Schön MP, Braun A. Transient epidermal barrier deficiency and lowered allergic threshold in filaggrin-hornerin (FlgHrnr -/- ) double-deficient mice. Allergy 2019; 74:1327-1339. [PMID: 30828807 DOI: 10.1111/all.13756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Revised: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Filaggrin (Flg) and hornerin (Hrnr) share similar structural and functional features. Both proteins have been implicated as essential proteins for skin barrier maintenance. Loss-of-function mutations of these genes constitute a risk factor for atopic dermatitis and eczema-related asthma. Furthermore, both FLG and HRNR protein levels are downregulated in patients with atopic dermatitis. Thus, mice deficient for Flg and Hrnr provide a novel model to study skin barrier impairment and the susceptibility for cutaneous inflammation. METHODS By using appropriate targeting vectors and breeding strategies, we established a homozygous FlgHrnr double-deficient (FlgHrnr-/- ) mouse model lacking both genes including the intergenomic sequence. RESULTS Neonates appeared normal, but developed a transient scaly phenotype with overall flaky appearance, but no overt skin phenotype in adulthood, thereby reflecting a subclinical barrier defect seen in humans. Structurally, FlgHrnr-/- mice displayed a markedly reduced granular layer and a condensed cornified layer. Functionally, FlgHrnr-/- mice showed permeability abnormalities and metabolic aberrations regarding the production of natural moisturizing factors (NMFs) in the stratum corneum. Surprisingly, although the immune system revealed no aberrations under steady-state conditions, FlgHrnr-/- mice are predisposed to mount an allergic contact dermatitis, especially at hapten threshold levels eliciting allergic reactions. CONCLUSIONS Together, our FlgHrnr-/- mouse model nicely reflects the epicutaneous sensitization susceptibilities and inflammatory reactions to environmental insults in humans with impaired skin barrier functions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Rahrig
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Allergology University Medical Center, Georg August University Göttingen Germany
| | - Judith M. Dettmann
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Allergology University Medical Center, Georg August University Göttingen Germany
| | - Birka Brauns
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology University Medical Center Rostock Germany
| | - Verena N. Lorenz
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Allergology University Medical Center, Georg August University Göttingen Germany
| | - Timo Buhl
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Allergology University Medical Center, Georg August University Göttingen Germany
| | - Sanja Kezic
- Academic Medical Center Coronel Institute of Occupational Health Amsterdam the Netherlands
| | - Peter M. Elias
- Department of Dermatology University of California San Francisco California
| | - Stephan Weidinger
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergy University Hospital Schleswig‐Holstein Kiel Germany
| | - Martin Mempel
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Allergology University Medical Center, Georg August University Göttingen Germany
- Lower Saxony Institute of Occupational Dermatology University Medical Center Göttingen and University of Osnabrück Göttingen Germany
| | - Michael P. Schön
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Allergology University Medical Center, Georg August University Göttingen Germany
- Lower Saxony Institute of Occupational Dermatology University Medical Center Göttingen and University of Osnabrück Göttingen Germany
| | - Andrea Braun
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Allergology University Medical Center, Georg August University Göttingen Germany
- Lower Saxony Institute of Occupational Dermatology University Medical Center Göttingen and University of Osnabrück Göttingen Germany
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Heizmann CW. S100 proteins: Diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in laboratory medicine. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2019; 1866:1197-1206. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2018.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
|
17
|
Brenner AK, Bruserud Ø. S100 Proteins in Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Neoplasia 2018; 20:1175-1186. [PMID: 30366122 PMCID: PMC6215056 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2018.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Revised: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The S100 protein family contains 20 functionally expressed members, which are commonly dysregulated in cancer. Their wide range of functions includes cell proliferation, cell differentiation, regulation of transcription factors, inflammation, chemotaxis, and angiogenesis. S100 proteins have in several types of cancer proven to be biomarkers for disease progression and prognosis. Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a highly heterogeneous and aggressive disease in which immature myeloblasts replace normal hematopoietic cells in the bone marrow. This review focuses on the S100 protein family members, which commonly are dysregulated in AML, and on the consequences of their dysregulation in the disorder. Like in other cancers, it appears as if S100 proteins are potential biomarkers for leukemogenesis. Furthermore, several S100 members seem to be involved in maintaining the leukemic phenotype. For these reasons, specific S100 proteins might serve as prognostic biomarkers, especially in the patient subset with intermediate/undetermined risk, and as potential targets for patient-adjusted therapy. Because the question of the most suitable candidate S100 biomarkers in AML still is under discussion, because particular AML subgroups lead to specific S100 signatures, and because downstream effects and the significance of co-expression of potential S100 binding partners in AML are not fully elucidated yet, we conclude that a panel of S100 proteins will probably be best suited for prognostic purposes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Annette K Brenner
- Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, P.O. Box 1400, 5021 Bergen, Norway; Section for Hematology, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, P.O. Box 7804, 5020 Bergen, Norway
| | - Øystein Bruserud
- Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, P.O. Box 1400, 5021 Bergen, Norway; Section for Hematology, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, P.O. Box 7804, 5020 Bergen, Norway.
| |
Collapse
|