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Talari NK, Mattam U, Kaminska D, Sotomayor-Rodriguez I, Rahman AP, Péterfy M, Pajukanta P, Pihlajamäki J, Chella Krishnan K. Hepatokine ITIH3 protects against hepatic steatosis by downregulating mitochondrial bioenergetics and de novo lipogenesis. iScience 2024; 27:109709. [PMID: 38689636 PMCID: PMC11059128 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent studies demonstrate that liver secretory proteins, also known as hepatokines, regulate normal development, obesity, and simple steatosis to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) progression. Using a panel of ∼100 diverse inbred strains of mice and a cohort of bariatric surgery patients, we found that one such hepatokine, inter-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain 3 (ITIH3), was progressively lower in severe non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) disease states highlighting an inverse relationship between Itih3/ITIH3 expression and NAFLD severity. Follow-up animal and cell culture models demonstrated that hepatic ITIH3 overexpression lowered liver triglyceride and lipid droplet accumulation, respectively. Conversely, ITIH3 knockdown in mice increased the liver triglyceride in two independent NAFLD models. Mechanistically, ITIH3 reduced mitochondrial respiration and this, in turn, reduced liver triglycerides, via downregulated de novo lipogenesis. This was accompanied by increased STAT1 signaling and Stat3 expression, both of which are known to protect against NAFLD/NASH. Our findings indicate hepatokine ITIH3 as a potential biomarker and/or treatment for NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noble Kumar Talari
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Ushodaya Mattam
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Dorota Kaminska
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Irene Sotomayor-Rodriguez
- Medical Sciences Baccalaureate Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Afra P. Rahman
- Medical Sciences Baccalaureate Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Miklós Péterfy
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA, USA
| | - Päivi Pajukanta
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Institute for Precision Health, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jussi Pihlajamäki
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Medicine, Endocrinology and Clinical Nutrition, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Karthickeyan Chella Krishnan
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
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Lei X, Ishida E, Yoshino S, Matsumoto S, Horiguchi K, Yamada E. Calorie Restriction Using High-Fat/Low-Carbohydrate Diet Suppresses Liver Fat Accumulation and Pancreatic Beta-Cell Dedifferentiation in Obese Diabetic Mice. Nutrients 2024; 16:995. [PMID: 38613031 PMCID: PMC11013071 DOI: 10.3390/nu16070995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
In diabetes, pancreatic β-cells gradually lose their ability to secrete insulin with disease progression. β-cell dysfunction is a contributing factor to diabetes severity. Recently, islet cell heterogeneity, exemplified by β-cell dedifferentiation and identified in diabetic animals, has attracted attention as an underlying molecular mechanism of β-cell dysfunction. Previously, we reported β-cell dedifferentiation suppression by calorie restriction, not by reducing hyperglycemia using hypoglycemic agents (including sodium-glucose cotransporter inhibitors), in an obese diabetic mice model (db/db). Here, to explore further mechanisms of the effects of food intake on β-cell function, db/db mice were fed either a high-carbohydrate/low-fat diet (db-HC) or a low-carbohydrate/high-fat diet (db-HF) using similar calorie restriction regimens. After one month of intervention, body weight reduced, and glucose intolerance improved to a similar extent in the db-HC and db-HF groups. However, β-cell dedifferentiation did not improve in the db-HC group, and β-cell mass compensatory increase occurred in this group. More prominent fat accumulation occurred in the db-HC group livers. The expression levels of genes related to lipid metabolism, mainly regulated by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α and γ, differed significantly between groups. In conclusion, the fat/carbohydrate ratio in food during calorie restriction in obese mice affected both liver lipid metabolism and β-cell dedifferentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Emi Ishida
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, Maebashi 371-8511, Gunma, Japan
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Machado MV. The Growing Landscape of NAFLD-Associated Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Its Impact in Surveillance. GE PORTUGUESE JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY 2024; 31:14-23. [PMID: 38314031 PMCID: PMC10836954 DOI: 10.1159/000531397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
Liver cancer is globally the third leading cause of death from cancer. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) develops in patients with underlying liver disease. The fraction of HCC attributed to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) shows an accelerated increase in the last decades, being already responsible for 15% of all HCC cases. Similar to other causes of liver cirrhosis, patients with NAFLD-associated cirrhosis should be enrolled in HCC-screening programs, yet these patients are under-screened, and currently are less than half likely to be proposed for HCC screening as compared to patients with HCV-associated cirrhosis. NAFLD-associated HCC has the peculiarity of occurring in precirrhotic phases in 20-50% of the cases. Currently, HCC screening in precirrhotic NAFLD patients is not routinely recommended, since the risk of developing HCC is very low. However, because NAFLD affects one-third of the worldwide population, noncirrhotic NAFLD already accounts for 6% of HCC cases. As such, it is pressing to develop stratification tools, in order to personalize the individual risk of HCC development in a patient with NAFLD, allowing precision HCC-screening programs. This review summarizes the epidemiology of NAFLD-associated HCC with a critical analysis of current HCC-screening recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Verdelho Machado
- Serviço de Gastrenterologia, Hospital de Vila Franca de Xira, Lisbon, Portugal
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
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Ravindran A, Holappa L, Niskanen H, Skovorodkin I, Kaisto S, Beter M, Kiema M, Selvarajan I, Nurminen V, Aavik E, Aherrahrou R, Pasonen-Seppänen S, Fortino V, Laakkonen JP, Ylä-Herttuala S, Vainio S, Örd T, Kaikkonen MU. Translatome profiling reveals Itih4 as a novel smooth muscle cell-specific gene in atherosclerosis. Cardiovasc Res 2024:cvae028. [PMID: 38289873 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvae028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS Vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) and their derivatives are key contributors to the development of atherosclerosis. However, studying changes in SMC gene expression in heterogeneous vascular tissues is challenging due to the technical limitations and high cost associated with current approaches. In this paper, we apply Translating Ribosome Affinity Purification sequencing (TRAP-Seq) to profile SMC-specific gene expression directly from tissue. METHODS AND RESULTS To facilitate SMC-specific translatome analysis, we generated SMCTRAP mice, a transgenic mouse line expressing EGFP-tagged ribosomal protein L10a (EGFP-L10a) under the control of the SMC-specific αSMA promoter. These mice were further crossed with the atherosclerosis model Ldlr-/-, ApoB100/100 to generate SMCTRAP-AS mice and used to profile atherosclerosis-associated SMCs in thoracic aorta samples of 15-month-old SMCTRAP and SMCTRAP-AS mice. Our analysis of SMCTRAP-AS mice showed that EGFP-L10a expression was localized to SMCs in various tissues, including the aortic wall and plaque. The TRAP fraction demonstrated high enrichment of known SMC-specific genes, confirming the specificity of our approach. We identified several genes, including Cemip, Lum, Mfge8, Spp1, and Serpina3, that are known to be involved in atherosclerosis-induced gene expression. Moreover, we identified several novel genes not previously linked to SMCs in atherosclerosis, such as Anxa4, Cd276, Itih4, Myof, Pcdh11x, Rab31, Serpinb6b, Slc35e4, Slc8a3, and Spink5. Among them, we confirmed the SMC-specific expression of Itih4 in atherosclerotic lesions using immunofluorescence staining of mouse aortic roots and spatial transcriptomics of human carotid arteries. Furthermore, our more detailed analysis of Itih4 showed its link to coronary artery disease (CAD) through the colocalization of GWAS, splice-QTL, and protein-QTL signals. CONCLUSIONS We generated a SMC-specific TRAP mouse line to study atherosclerosis and identified Itih4 as a novel SMC-expressed gene in atherosclerotic plaques, warranting further investigation of its putative function in extracellular matrix stability and genetic evidence of causality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aarthi Ravindran
- A.I.Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, 70211, Finland
| | - Lari Holappa
- A.I.Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, 70211, Finland
| | - Henri Niskanen
- A.I.Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, 70211, Finland
| | - Ilya Skovorodkin
- Biocenter Oulu and Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu
| | - Susanna Kaisto
- Biocenter Oulu and Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu
| | - Mustafa Beter
- A.I.Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, 70211, Finland
| | - Miika Kiema
- A.I.Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, 70211, Finland
| | - Ilakya Selvarajan
- A.I.Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, 70211, Finland
| | - Valtteri Nurminen
- A.I.Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, 70211, Finland
| | - Einari Aavik
- A.I.Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, 70211, Finland
| | - Rédouane Aherrahrou
- A.I.Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, 70211, Finland
- Institute for Cardiogenetics, Universität zu Lübeck; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany; University Heart Centre Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Sanna Pasonen-Seppänen
- Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70211, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Vittorio Fortino
- Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70211, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Johanna P Laakkonen
- A.I.Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, 70211, Finland
| | - Seppo Ylä-Herttuala
- A.I.Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, 70211, Finland
| | - Seppo Vainio
- Biocenter Oulu and Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu
| | - Tiit Örd
- A.I.Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, 70211, Finland
| | - Minna U Kaikkonen
- A.I.Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, 70211, Finland
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Miller I, Gianazza E. Proteomic methods for the study of porcine acute phase proteins - anything new to detect? Vet Res Commun 2023; 47:1801-1815. [PMID: 37452983 DOI: 10.1007/s11259-023-10170-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Acute phase proteins (APPs) reflect the health status of individuals and are important tools in diagnostics, as their altered levels are a sign of disturbed homeostasis. While, in most cases, quantitation of known serum APPs is routinely performed by immunoassays, proteomics is helpful in discovery of new biomarker candidates, especially in samples other than body fluids. Besides putting APP regulation into an overall context of differentially abundant proteins, this approach can detect further details or outright new features in protein structure or specific modifications, and help understand better their function. Thus, it can show up ways to make present diagnostic assays more sensitive and/or specific, or correlate regulations of disease-specific proteins. The APP repertoire is dependent on the species. The pig is both, an important farm animal and a model animal for human diseases, due to similarities in physiology. Besides reviewing existing literature, yet unpublished examples for two-dimensional electrophoresis in connection with pig APPs highlight some of the benefits of proteomics. Of further help would be the emerging targeted proteomics, offering the possibility to determine particular isoforms or proteoforms, without the need of specific antibodies, but this method is presently scarcely used in veterinary medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid Miller
- Institut für Medizinische Biochemie, Veterinärmedizinische Universität Wien, Veterinärplatz 1, A-1210, Wien, Austria.
| | - Elisabetta Gianazza
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, I-20133, Milano, Italy
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Botía M, Ortín-Bustillo A, López-Martínez MJ, Fuentes P, Escribano D, González-Bulnes A, Manzanilla EG, Martínez-Subiela S, Tvarijonaviciute A, López-Arjona M, Cerón JJ, Tecles F, Muñoz-Prieto A. Gaining knowledge about biomarkers of the immune system and inflammation in the saliva of pigs: The case of myeloperoxidase, S100A12, and ITIH4. Res Vet Sci 2023; 164:104997. [PMID: 37657394 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2023.104997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
An assay for the measurement of myeloperoxidase (Mpx) in porcine saliva was developed and validated, and factors influencing Mpx and another two biomarkers of inflammation and immune system, the protein S100A12 and the inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain 4 (ITIH4), were studied. The spectrophotometric method for Mpx measurement validated in this assay showed an adequate analytical performance including precision and accuracy. When a group of twenty healthy pigs was sampled every 4 h from 8 a.m. until 8 p.m., Mpx and S100A12 showed significant increases at 4 p.m., whereas ITIH4 concentration showed a significant decrease at 12 a.m. Increases were also seen in salivary Mpx, S100A12, and ITIH4 levels 24 h after the intramuscular administration of Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide in five pigs; whereas in a non-septic inflammation after the subcutaneous administration of turpentine oil to five pigs changes were seen in S100A12 at 3 h and in ITIH4 at 48 h. When a stressful situation consisting of the transportation and stay of 4 h to a slaughterhouse of 24 pigs was performed, all analytes were increased after 4 h of lairage in the slaughterhouse compared with the values that were obtained the day before at the same time of the day. Mpx can be measured in the saliva of pigs with the automated assay described in this report. Mpx, S100A12, and ITIH4 salivary levels can change depending on the hour of the day in which the sample is taken, and increases can be produced due to sepsis, non-septic inflammation and stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Botía
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Analysis (Interlab-UMU), Veterinary School, Regional Campus of International Excellence 'Campus Mare Nostrum', University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo s/n, 30100, Espinardo, Murcia, Spain
| | - Alba Ortín-Bustillo
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Analysis (Interlab-UMU), Veterinary School, Regional Campus of International Excellence 'Campus Mare Nostrum', University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo s/n, 30100, Espinardo, Murcia, Spain
| | - María J López-Martínez
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Analysis (Interlab-UMU), Veterinary School, Regional Campus of International Excellence 'Campus Mare Nostrum', University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo s/n, 30100, Espinardo, Murcia, Spain
| | | | - Damián Escribano
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Analysis (Interlab-UMU), Veterinary School, Regional Campus of International Excellence 'Campus Mare Nostrum', University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo s/n, 30100, Espinardo, Murcia, Spain; Department of Animal Production, Regional Campus of International Excellence 'Campus Mare Nostrum', University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo s/n, 30100, Espinardo, Murcia, Spain
| | - Antonio González-Bulnes
- Departamento de Producción y Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, C/Tirant lo Blanc, 7, Alfara del Patriarca, 46115, Valencia, Spain
| | - Edgar G Manzanilla
- Pig Development Department, The Irish Food and Agriculture Authority, Teagasc, Moorepark, P61 C996, Fermoy, Co Cork, Ireland; School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Silvia Martínez-Subiela
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Analysis (Interlab-UMU), Veterinary School, Regional Campus of International Excellence 'Campus Mare Nostrum', University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo s/n, 30100, Espinardo, Murcia, Spain
| | - Asta Tvarijonaviciute
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Analysis (Interlab-UMU), Veterinary School, Regional Campus of International Excellence 'Campus Mare Nostrum', University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo s/n, 30100, Espinardo, Murcia, Spain
| | - Marina López-Arjona
- Department of Animal and Food Science, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola de Vallés, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - José J Cerón
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Analysis (Interlab-UMU), Veterinary School, Regional Campus of International Excellence 'Campus Mare Nostrum', University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo s/n, 30100, Espinardo, Murcia, Spain
| | - Fernando Tecles
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Analysis (Interlab-UMU), Veterinary School, Regional Campus of International Excellence 'Campus Mare Nostrum', University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo s/n, 30100, Espinardo, Murcia, Spain.
| | - Alberto Muñoz-Prieto
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Analysis (Interlab-UMU), Veterinary School, Regional Campus of International Excellence 'Campus Mare Nostrum', University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo s/n, 30100, Espinardo, Murcia, Spain
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You W, Liu S, Li J, Tu Y, Shan T. GADD45A regulates subcutaneous fat deposition and lipid metabolism by interacting with Stat1. BMC Biol 2023; 21:212. [PMID: 37807064 PMCID: PMC10561432 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-023-01713-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity, characterized by excessive white adipose tissue expansion, is associated with several metabolic complications. Identifying new adipogenesis regulators may lead to effective therapies for obesity-induced metabolic disorders. RESULTS Here, we identified the growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible A (GADD45A), a stress-inducible histone-folding protein, as a novel regulator of subcutaneous adipose metabolism. We found that GADD45A expression was positively correlated with subcutaneous fat deposition and obesity in humans and fatty animals. In vitro, the gain or loss function of GADD45A promoted or inhibited subcutaneous adipogenic differentiation and lipid accumulation, respectively. Using a Gadd45a-/- mouse model, we showed that compared to wild-type (WT) mice, knockout (KO) mice exhibited subcutaneous fat browning and resistance to high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity. GADD45A deletion also upregulated the expression of mitochondria-related genes. Importantly, we further revealed that the interaction of GADD45A with Stat1 prevented phosphorylation of Stat1, resulting in the impaired expression of Lkb1, thereby regulating subcutaneous adipogenesis and lipid metabolism. CONCLUSIONS Overall, our results reveal the critical regulatory roles of GADD45A in subcutaneous fat deposition and lipid metabolism. We demonstrate that GADD45A deficiency induces the inguinal white adipose tissue (iWAT) browning and protects mice against HFD-induced obesity. Our findings provide new potential targets for combating obesity-related metabolic diseases and improving human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing You
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of Feed and Animal Nutrition, No. 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shiqi Liu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of Feed and Animal Nutrition, No. 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jie Li
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of Feed and Animal Nutrition, No. 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuang Tu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of Feed and Animal Nutrition, No. 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tizhong Shan
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, China.
- Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of Feed and Animal Nutrition, No. 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China.
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Wang L, Piao Y, Guo F, Wei J, Chen Y, Dai X, Zhang X. Current progress of pig models for liver cancer research. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 165:115256. [PMID: 37536038 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Preclinical trials play critical roles in assessing the safety and efficiency of novel therapeutic strategies for human diseases including live cancer. However, most therapeutic strategies that were proved to be effective in preclinical cancer models failed in human clinical trials due to the lack of appropriate disease animal models. Therefore, it is of importance and urgent to develop a precise animal model for preclinical cancer research. Liver cancer is one of the most frequently diagnosed cancers with low 5-year survival rate. Recently, porcine attracted increasing attentions as animal model in biomedical research. Porcine liver cancer model may provide a promising platform for biomedical research due to their similarities to human being in body size, anatomical characteristics, physiology and pathophysiology. In this review, we comprehensively summarized and discussed the advantages and disadvantages, rationale, current status and progress of pig models for liver cancer research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luyao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of Ministry of Education, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China; National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Disease, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yuexian Piao
- Invasive Technology Nursing Platform, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Fucheng Guo
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of Ministry of Education, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China; National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Disease, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jiarui Wei
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of Ministry of Education, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China; National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Disease, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yurong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of Ministry of Education, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China; National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Disease, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiangpeng Dai
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of Ministry of Education, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China; National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Disease, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
| | - Xiaoling Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of Ministry of Education, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China; National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Disease, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
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9
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Wu X, Chen J, Sun W, Hart DA, Ackermann PW, Ahmed AS. Network proteomic analysis identifies inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain 4 during early human Achilles tendon healing as a prognostic biomarker of good long-term outcomes. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1191536. [PMID: 37483617 PMCID: PMC10358850 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1191536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The suboptimal or protracted regeneration of injured connective tissues often results in significant dysfunction, pain, and functional disability. Despite the prevalence of the condition, few studies have been conducted which focused on biomarkers or key molecules involved in processes governing healing outcomes. To gain insight into injured connective tissue repair, and using the Achilles tendon as a model system, we utilized quantitative proteomic and weighted co-expression network analysis of tissues acquired from Achilles tendon rupture (ATR) patients with different outcomes at 1-year postoperatively. Two modules were detected to be associated with prognosis. The initial analysis identified inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain 4 (ITIH4) as a biomarker or hub protein positively associated with better healing outcomes. Additional analysis identified the beneficial role of ITIH4 in inflammation, cell viability, apoptosis, proliferation, wound healing, and for the synthesis of type I collagen in cultured fibroblasts. Functionally, the effects of ITIH4 were found to be mediated by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) signaling pathways. Taken together, these findings suggest that ITIH4 plays an important role in processes of connective tissue repair and advocate for the potential of ITIH4 as a therapeutic target for injured connective tissue repair. Trial registration http://clinicaltrials.gov, identifiers NCT02318472, NCT01317160.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinjie Wu
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Junyu Chen
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - David A. Hart
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Kinesiology and the McCaig Institute for Bone & Joint Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Paul W. Ackermann
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Aisha S. Ahmed
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Physiology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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10
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Sun W, Lin Y, Huang Y, Chan J, Terrillon S, Rosenbaum AI, Contrepois K. Robust and High-Throughput Analytical Flow Proteomics Analysis of Cynomolgus Monkey and Human Matrices with Zeno SWATH Data Independent Acquisition. Mol Cell Proteomics 2023:100562. [PMID: 37142056 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcpro.2023.100562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Modern mass spectrometers routinely allow deep proteome coverage in a single experiment. These methods are typically operated at nano and micro flow regimes, but they often lack throughput and chromatographic robustness, which is critical for large-scale studies. In this context, we have developed, optimized and benchmarked LC-MS methods combining the robustness and throughput of analytical flow chromatography with the added sensitivity provided by the Zeno trap across a wide range of cynomolgus monkey and human matrices of interest for toxicological studies and clinical biomarker discovery. SWATH data independent acquisition (DIA) experiments with Zeno trap activated (Zeno SWATH DIA) provided a clear advantage over conventional SWATH DIA in all sample types tested with improved sensitivity, quantitative robustness and signal linearity as well as increased protein coverage by up to 9-fold. Using a 10-min gradient chromatography, up to 3,300 proteins were identified in tissues at 2 μg peptide load. Importantly, the performance gains with Zeno SWATH translated into better biological pathway representation and improved the ability to identify dysregulated proteins and pathways associated with two metabolic diseases in human plasma. Finally, we demonstrate that this method is highly stable over time with the acquisition of reliable data over the injection of 1,000+ samples (14.2 days of uninterrupted acquisition) without the need for human intervention or normalization. Altogether, Zeno SWATH DIA methodology allows fast, sensitive and robust proteomic workflows using analytical flow and is amenable to large-scale studies. This work provides detailed method performance assessment on a variety of relevant biological matrices and serves as a valuable resource for the proteomics community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwen Sun
- Integrated Bioanalysis, Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Yuan Lin
- Integrated Bioanalysis, Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Yue Huang
- Integrated Bioanalysis, Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Josolyn Chan
- Integrated Bioanalysis, Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Sonia Terrillon
- Integrated Bioanalysis, Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Anton I Rosenbaum
- Integrated Bioanalysis, Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA.
| | - Kévin Contrepois
- Integrated Bioanalysis, Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA.
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11
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Alqahtani SA, Chan WK, Yu ML. Hepatic Outcomes of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Including Cirrhosis and Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Clin Liver Dis 2023; 27:211-223. [PMID: 37024203 DOI: 10.1016/j.cld.2023.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease worldwide and represents a significant cause of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Almost 20% of patients with NAFLD and advanced fibrosis develop cirrhosis, of which 20% can progress to decompensated liver stage. Although patients with cirrhosis or fibrosis continue to have a high risk for HCC progression, growing evidence shows that NAFLD-HCC can develop even in the absence of cirrhosis. Current evidence characterizes NAFLD-HCC primarily as a condition with late presentation, lower response to curative therapy, and poor prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saleh A Alqahtani
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; Liver Transplant Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Wah-Kheong Chan
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ming-Lung Yu
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Hepatitis Research Center, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Hepatobiliary Section, Department of Internal Medicine, Hepatitis Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Division of Hepato-Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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12
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PGK1 modulates balance between pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines by interacting with ITI-H4. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 161:114437. [PMID: 36841032 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Inter-α-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain 4 (ITI-H4) is one of the acute phase proteins and is mainly related with inflammatory diseases such as bacterial bloodstream infection and recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL). In a previous study, ITI-H4 was reported to be cleaved by kallikrein B1 (KLKB1) and its cleaved form induces the imbalance between pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines. Therefore, in this study, putative substrates of ITI-H4 were isolated by immunoprecipitation and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/MS) analysis. Of those, phosphoglycerate kinase 1 (PGK1) was found to be a binding protein of ITI-H4. PGK1 increases the level of ITI-H4 expression and blocks the cleavage of ITI-H4 mediated by KLKB1. It also inhibits pro-inflammatory response by inhibiting the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway. Therefore, PGK1, a novel binding partner of ITI-H4, is expected to have cellular functions in the pathogenesis of ITI-H4-related inflammatory diseases.
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13
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Pugliese N, Alfarone L, Arcari I, Giugliano S, Parigi TL, Rescigno M, Lleo A, Aghemo A. Clinical features and management issues of NAFLD-related HCC: what we know so far. Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 17:31-43. [PMID: 36576057 DOI: 10.1080/17474124.2023.2162503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is replacing viral hepatitis as the leading cause of chronic liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in many Western countries. NAFLD-associated HCC usually affects older patients with multiple comorbidities, frequently develops in the absence of cirrhosis, and is often diagnosed later with worse chance of survival. The worse prognosis is also due to limited surveillance strategies and a lower efficacy of standard treatments. AREAS COVERED We evaluate the available literature to understand the current surveillance strategies and treatment limitations in the workup of NAFLD-associated HCC, focusing on the differences with HCC associated with other liver diseases. EXPERT OPINION In this review we discuss epidemiology and risk factors for HCC in NAFLD patients and address key HCC surveillance and management issues. Although most data are still preliminary, the detection of non-cirrhotic NAFLD patients at increased risk for HCC and the potential adoption of novel screening tools could lead to accurate and suitable HCC surveillance and management strategies for NAFLD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Pugliese
- Division of Internal Medicine and Hepatology, Department of Gastroenterology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | - Ludovico Alfarone
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | - Ivan Arcari
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Giugliano
- Laboratory of Mucosal Immunology and Microbiota, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital - IRCCS, via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano, Italy
| | | | - Maria Rescigno
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy.,Laboratory of Mucosal Immunology and Microbiota, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital - IRCCS, via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano, Italy
| | - Ana Lleo
- Division of Internal Medicine and Hepatology, Department of Gastroenterology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessio Aghemo
- Division of Internal Medicine and Hepatology, Department of Gastroenterology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
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14
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Jiang C, Wang H, Qi J, Li J, He Q, Wang C, Gao Y. Antidepressant effects of cherry leaf decoction on a chronic unpredictable mild stress rat model based on the Glu/GABA-Gln metabolic loop. Metab Brain Dis 2022; 37:2883-2901. [PMID: 36181653 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-022-01081-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Cherry leaves (Prunus pseudocerasus Lindl. [Rosaceae]), a traditional Chinese herbal medicine, can regulate the factors closely related to depression including inflammatory cytokines, oxidative stress and blood glucose level. However, the antidepressant effects of cherry leaves and underlying neuromodulatory mechanisms remain relatively have not been elucidated explicitly. The present study investigated the antidepressant effects of cherry leaf decoction (CLD). The underlying neuromodulatory mechanism was explored by examining the glutamate (Glu)/γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-glutamine (Gln) metabolic loop. The chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) rodent model was used in this study. The main flavonoids components of CLD were identified using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The antidepressant effects of CLD were assessed throughout behavioural tests including the bodyweight, sucrose preference test (SPT), forced swimming test (FPT) and tail suspension test (TST). Moreover, The baseline levels of serum adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and corticosterone (CORT) were quantified. The expression of proteins integrally involved in the Glu/GABA-Gln metabolic loop were observed and quantified by Western blotting, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and immunohistochemistry. This study found that CLD ameliorated depressive-like behaviours induced by CUMS. The increase of serum ACTH and CORT baseline levels induced by CUMS was also reversed after CLD intervention. Furthermore, CUMS reduced the expression of GAD65, GAD67, GLT-1, GS and GABAA and increased NMDAR1 levels in the rat hippocampus, which was normalized by CLD treatment. The findings demonstrated that CLD could ameliorate the depression-like behaviours induced by CUMS, potentially through the inhibition of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis hyperactivity and the regulation of Glu/GABA-Gln metabolic loop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan Jiang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, 3 Xingyuan Road, Shijiazhuang, 050200, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Wang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, 3 Xingyuan Road, Shijiazhuang, 050200, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaying Qi
- Department of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050200, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinghan Li
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, 3 Xingyuan Road, Shijiazhuang, 050200, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Qianqian He
- Department of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050200, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Chaonan Wang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, 3 Xingyuan Road, Shijiazhuang, 050200, Hebei, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yonggang Gao
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, 3 Xingyuan Road, Shijiazhuang, 050200, Hebei, People's Republic of China.
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Research On Cardio-Cerebrovascular Disease, Shijiazhuang, 050200, Hebei, People's Republic of China.
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15
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Wei N, Lu J, Lin Z, Wang X, Cai M, Jiang S, Chen X, Zhu S, Zhang D, Cui L. Systemic Evaluation of the Effect of Diabetes Mellitus on Breast Cancer in a Mouse Model. Front Oncol 2022; 12:829798. [PMID: 35578660 PMCID: PMC9106558 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.829798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer complicated with diabetes mellitus (DM) is a common disease. To evaluate the effect of preexisting DM on breast cancer progression without drug interference, we used a streptozotocin (STZ)-induced type 2 diabetes mellitus BALB/c mouse model. We found that 4T1 breast cancer complicated with DM decreased the mouse survival time compared with 4T1-bearing mice. The diversity of gut microbiome was affected by DM. The infiltration of mucosal-associated invariant T cell (MAIT), CD8+ T cell, and CD4+ T cell in the tumor was significantly decreased in the DM-4T1 group compared with the 4T1 group. The transcriptome data of tumor tissues indicated that the expressions of inflammatory C–C chemokine- and metabolism-related genes were greatly changed. The abnormal expression of these genes may be related with the decreased T-cell infiltration in DM-4T1. In conclusion, the gut microbiome and tumor microenvironment of diabetic breast cancer patients have unique features. The effect of diabetes on breast cancer should be considered in the treatment for diabetic breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nana Wei
- Key Laboratory of Adolescent Health Assessment and Exercise Intervention of Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinmiao Lu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology of Ministry of Agriculture, Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Animal Products on Biohazards (Shanghai) of Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhibing Lin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengmeng Cai
- Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology of Ministry of Agriculture, Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Animal Products on Biohazards (Shanghai) of Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Shengyao Jiang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology of Ministry of Agriculture, Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Animal Products on Biohazards (Shanghai) of Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Shilan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology of Ministry of Agriculture, Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Animal Products on Biohazards (Shanghai) of Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Dong Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Cui
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Li Cui,
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16
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Cluzel GL, Ryan PM, Herisson FM, Caplice NM. High-fidelity porcine models of metabolic syndrome: a contemporary synthesis. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2022; 322:E366-E381. [PMID: 35224983 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00413.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
This review aims to describe and compare porcine models of metabolic syndrome. This syndrome and its associated secondary comorbidities are set to become the greatest challenge to healthcare providers and policy makers in the coming century. However, an incomplete understanding of the pathogenesis has left significant knowledge gaps in terms of efficacious therapeutics. To further our comprehension and, in turn, management of metabolic syndrome, appropriate high-fidelity models of the disease complex are of great importance. In this context, our review aims to assess the most promising porcine models of metabolic syndrome currently available for their similarity to the human phenotype. In addition, we aim to highlight the strengths and shortcomings of each model in an attempt to identify the most appropriate application of each. Although no porcine model perfectly recapitulates the human metabolic syndrome, several pose satisfactory approximations. The Ossabaw miniature swine in particular represents a highly translatable model that develops each of the core parameters of the syndrome with many of the associated secondary comorbidities. Future high-fidelity porcine models of metabolic syndrome need to focus on secondary sequelae replication, which may require extended induction period to reveal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaston L Cluzel
- Centre for Research in Vascular Biology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Paul M Ryan
- Centre for Research in Vascular Biology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Florence M Herisson
- Centre for Research in Vascular Biology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Noel M Caplice
- Centre for Research in Vascular Biology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
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17
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Moresi F, Rossetti DV, Vincenzoni F, Simboli GA, La Rocca G, Olivi A, Urbani A, Sabatino G, Desiderio C. Investigating Glioblastoma Multiforme Sub-Proteomes: A Computational Study of CUSA Fluid Proteomic Data. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23042058. [PMID: 35216175 PMCID: PMC8879425 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23042058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Based on our previous proteomic study on Cavitating Ultrasound Aspirator (CUSA) fluid pools of Newly Diagnosed (ND) and Recurrent (R) glioblastomas (GBMs) of tumor core and periphery, as defined by 5-aminolevulinc acid (5-ALA) metabolite fluorescence, this work aims to apply a bioinformatic approach to investigate specifically into three sub-proteomes, i.e., Not Detected in Brain (NB), Cancer Related (CR) and Extracellular Vesicles (EVs) proteins following selected database classification. The study of these yet unexplored specific datasets aims to understand the high infiltration capability and relapse rate that characterizes this aggressive brain cancer. Out of the 587 proteins highly confidently identified in GBM CUSA pools, 53 proteins were classified as NB. Their gene ontology (GO) analysis showed the over-representation of blood coagulation and plasminogen activating cascade pathways, possibly compatible with Blood Brain Barrier damage in tumor disease and surgery bleeding. However, the NB group also included non-blood proteins and, specifically, histones correlated with oncogenesis. Concerning CR proteins, 159 proteins were found in the characterized GBM proteome. Their GO analysis highlighted the over-representation of many pathways, primarily glycolysis. Interestingly, while CR proteins were identified in ND-GBM exclusively in the tumor zones (fluorescence positive core and periphery zones) as predictable, conversely, in R-GBM they were unexpectedly characterized prevalently in the healthy zone (fluorescence negative tumor periphery). Relative to EVs protein classification, 60 proteins were found. EVs are over-released in tumor disease and are important in the transport of biological macromolecules. Furthermore, the presence of EVs in numerous body fluids makes them a possible low-invasive source of brain tumor biomarkers to be investigated. These results give new hints on the molecular features of GBM in trying to understand its aggressive behavior and open to more in-depth investigations to disclose potential disease biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiana Moresi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mater Olbia Hospital, 07026 Olbia, Italy; (F.M.); (G.L.R.); (G.S.)
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biotecnologiche di Base, Cliniche Intensivologiche e Perioperatorie, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy; (F.V.); (A.U.)
| | - Diana Valeria Rossetti
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche “Giulio Natta”, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 00168 Rome, Italy;
| | - Federica Vincenzoni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biotecnologiche di Base, Cliniche Intensivologiche e Perioperatorie, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy; (F.V.); (A.U.)
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (G.A.S.); (A.O.)
| | - Giorgia Antonia Simboli
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (G.A.S.); (A.O.)
- Institute of Neurosurgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Catholic University, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe La Rocca
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mater Olbia Hospital, 07026 Olbia, Italy; (F.M.); (G.L.R.); (G.S.)
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (G.A.S.); (A.O.)
- Institute of Neurosurgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Catholic University, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Olivi
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (G.A.S.); (A.O.)
- Institute of Neurosurgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Catholic University, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Urbani
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biotecnologiche di Base, Cliniche Intensivologiche e Perioperatorie, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy; (F.V.); (A.U.)
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (G.A.S.); (A.O.)
| | - Giovanni Sabatino
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mater Olbia Hospital, 07026 Olbia, Italy; (F.M.); (G.L.R.); (G.S.)
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (G.A.S.); (A.O.)
- Institute of Neurosurgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Catholic University, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Claudia Desiderio
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche “Giulio Natta”, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 00168 Rome, Italy;
- Correspondence:
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18
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Lin Z, Xue H, Malakhov MM, Knutson KA, Pan W. Accounting for nonlinear effects of gene expression identifies additional associated genes in transcriptome-wide association studies. Hum Mol Genet 2022; 31:2462-2470. [PMID: 35043938 PMCID: PMC9307319 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddac015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Transcriptome-wide association studies (TWAS) integrate genome-wide association study (GWAS) data with gene expression (GE) data to identify (putative) causal genes for complex traits. There are two stages in TWAS: in Stage 1, a model is built to impute gene expression from genotypes, and in Stage 2, gene-trait association is tested using imputed gene expression. Despite many successes with TWAS, in the current practice, one only assumes a linear relationship between GE and the trait, which however may not hold, leading to loss of power. In this study, we extend the standard TWAS by considering a quadratic effect of GE, in addition to the usual linear effect. We train imputation models for both linear and quadratic gene expression levels in Stage 1, then include both the imputed linear and quadratic expression levels in Stage 2. We applied both the standard TWAS and our approach first to the ADNI gene expression data and the IGAP Alzheimer's disease GWAS summary data, then to the GTEx (V8) gene expression data and the UK Biobank individual-level GWAS data for lipids, followed by validation with different GWAS data, suitable model checking and more robust TWAS methods. In all these applications, the new TWAS approach was able to identify additional genes associated with Alzheimer's disease, LDL and HDL cholesterol levels, suggesting its likely power gains and thus the need to account for potentially nonlinear effects of gene expression on complex traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaotong Lin
- Division of Biostatistics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Haoran Xue
- Division of Biostatistics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Mykhaylo M Malakhov
- Division of Biostatistics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Katherine A Knutson
- Division of Biostatistics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Wei Pan
- To whom correspondence should be addressed at: A460 Mayo Building, 420 Delaware St SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA. Tel: (612)626-2705; Fax: (612)626-0660;
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19
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Zhang XJ, She ZG, Wang J, Sun D, Shen LJ, Xiang H, Cheng X, Ji YX, Huang YP, Li PL, Yang X, Cheng Y, Ma JP, Wang HP, Hu Y, Hu F, Tian S, Tian H, Zhang P, Zhao GN, Wang L, Hu ML, Yang Q, Zhu LH, Cai J, Yang J, Zhang X, Ma X, Xu Q, Touyz RM, Liu PP, Loomba R, Wang Y, Li H. Multiple omics study identifies an interspecies conserved driver for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Sci Transl Med 2021; 13:eabg8117. [PMID: 34910546 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abg8117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
[Figure: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Jing Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China.,Institute of Model Animal of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.,School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Zhi-Gang She
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China.,Institute of Model Animal of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Junyong Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China.,Institute of Model Animal of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Dating Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China.,Institute of Model Animal of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Li-Jun Shen
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China.,Institute of Model Animal of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Hui Xiang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China.,Institute of Model Animal of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Xu Cheng
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China.,Institute of Model Animal of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Yan-Xiao Ji
- Institute of Model Animal of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.,School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Yong-Ping Huang
- Institute of Model Animal of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.,College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Peng-Long Li
- Institute of Model Animal of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.,School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Xia Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China.,Institute of Model Animal of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Yanjie Cheng
- Institute of Model Animal of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.,Medical Science Research Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Jun-Peng Ma
- Institute of Model Animal of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.,School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Hai-Ping Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China.,Institute of Model Animal of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Yufeng Hu
- Institute of Model Animal of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.,Medical Science Research Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Fengjiao Hu
- Institute of Model Animal of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.,Medical Science Research Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Song Tian
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China.,Institute of Model Animal of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Han Tian
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China.,Institute of Model Animal of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Institute of Model Animal of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.,School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Guang-Nian Zhao
- Institute of Model Animal of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.,Medical Science Research Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Hepatic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Man-Li Hu
- Institute of Model Animal of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.,Medical Science Research Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Qin Yang
- Institute of Model Animal of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.,Medical Science Research Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Li-Hua Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China.,Institute of Model Animal of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Jingjing Cai
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Juan Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China.,Institute of Model Animal of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Institute of Model Animal of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Xinliang Ma
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19004, USA
| | - Qingbo Xu
- Centre for Clinic Pharmacology, The William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Rhian M Touyz
- British Heart Foundation Chair in Cardiovascular Medicine, and Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
| | - Peter P Liu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario K1Y 4W7, Canada
| | - Rohit Loomba
- NAFLD Research Center, Division of Gastroenterology and Epidemiology, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
| | - Yibin Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Cardiovascular Research Laboratories, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Hongliang Li
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China.,Institute of Model Animal of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.,School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.,Medical Science Research Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
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20
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Grgurevic I, Bozin T, Mikus M, Kukla M, O’Beirne J. Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: From Epidemiology to Diagnostic Approach. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:5844. [PMID: 34830997 PMCID: PMC8616369 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13225844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is becoming the leading cause of liver morbidity worldwide and, as such, represents the pathogenic background for the increasing incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The annual incidence of NAFLD-related HCC is expected to increase by 45-130% by 2030. Diabetes mellitus is the most important risk factor for HCC development in NAFLD, with the risk further increased when associated with other metabolic traits, such as obesity, arterial hypertension and dyslipidemia. The highest risk of HCC exists in patients with advanced fibrosis or cirrhosis, although 20-50% of HCC cases arise in NAFLD patients with an absence of cirrhosis. This calls for further investigation of the pathogenic mechanisms that are involved in hepatocarcinogenesis, including genetics, metabolomics, the influence of the gut microbiota and immunological responses. Early identification of patients with or at risk of NAFLD is of utmost importance to improve outcomes. As NAFLD is highly prevalent in the community, the identification of cases should rely upon simple demographic and clinical characteristics. Once identified, these patients should then be evaluated for the presence of advanced fibrosis or cirrhosis and subsequently enter HCC surveillance programs if appropriate. A significant problem is the early recognition of non-cirrhotic NAFLD patients who will develop HCC, where new biomarkers and scores are potential solutions to tackle this issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivica Grgurevic
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Clinical Nutrition, University Hospital Dubrava, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia;
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Tonci Bozin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Clinical Nutrition, University Hospital Dubrava, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Mislav Mikus
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Michal Kukla
- Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30688 Cracow, Poland;
| | - James O’Beirne
- Department of Hepatology, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sunshine Coast 4556, Australia;
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21
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Odom CV, Kim Y, Burgess CL, Baird LA, Korkmaz FT, Na E, Shenoy AT, Arafa EI, Lam TT, Jones MR, Mizgerd JP, Traber KE, Quinton LJ. Liver-Dependent Lung Remodeling during Systemic Inflammation Shapes Responses to Secondary Infection. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2021; 207:1891-1902. [PMID: 34470857 PMCID: PMC8631467 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2100254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Systemic duress, such as that elicited by sepsis, burns, or trauma, predisposes patients to secondary pneumonia, demanding better understanding of host pathways influencing this deleterious connection. These pre-existing circumstances are capable of triggering the hepatic acute-phase response (APR), which we previously demonstrated is essential for limiting susceptibility to secondary lung infections. To identify potential mechanisms underlying protection afforded by the lung-liver axis, our studies aimed to evaluate liver-dependent lung reprogramming when a systemic inflammatory challenge precedes pneumonia. Wild-type mice and APR-deficient littermate mice with hepatocyte-specific deletion of STAT3 (hepSTAT3-/-), a transcription factor necessary for full APR initiation, were challenged i.p. with LPS to induce endotoxemia. After 18 h, pneumonia was induced by intratracheal Escherichia coli instillation. Endotoxemia elicited significant transcriptional alterations in the lungs of wild-type and hepSTAT3-/- mice, with nearly 2000 differentially expressed genes between genotypes. The gene signatures revealed exaggerated immune activity in the lungs of hepSTAT3-/- mice, which were compromised in their capacity to launch additional cytokine responses to secondary infection. Proteomics revealed substantial liver-dependent modifications in the airspaces of pneumonic mice, implicating a network of dispatched liver-derived mediators influencing lung homeostasis. These results indicate that after systemic inflammation, liver acute-phase changes dramatically remodel the lungs, resulting in a modified landscape for any stimuli encountered thereafter. Based on the established vulnerability of hepSTAT3-/- mice to secondary lung infections, we believe that intact liver function is critical for maintaining the immunological responsiveness of the lungs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine V Odom
- Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
- Department of Microbiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - Yuri Kim
- Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - Claire L Burgess
- Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - Lillia A Baird
- Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - Filiz T Korkmaz
- Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - Elim Na
- Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - Anukul T Shenoy
- Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - Emad I Arafa
- Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - TuKiet T Lam
- Yale MS & Proteomics Resource, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; and
| | - Matthew R Jones
- Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - Joseph P Mizgerd
- Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
- Department of Microbiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - Katrina E Traber
- Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - Lee J Quinton
- Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA;
- Department of Microbiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
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22
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Liu Y, Li YQ, Huang SH, Li YL, Xia JW, Jia JS, Wei F, Wang JH, Dai GQ, Wang YC, Li XY, Han LX, Zhang XL, Xiang XD, Zhao WT, Xiao D, Lin XL. Liver-specific over-expression of Cripto-1 in transgenic mice promotes hepatocyte proliferation and deregulated expression of hepatocarcinogenesis-related genes and signaling pathways. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:21155-21190. [PMID: 34517344 PMCID: PMC8457585 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the role of embryonic gene Cripto-1 (CR-1) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) using hepatocyte-specific CR-1-overexpressing transgenic mice. The expression of truncated 1.7-kb CR-1 transcript (SF-CR-1) was significantly higher than the full-length 2.0-kb CR-1 transcript (FL-CR-1) in a majority of HCC tissues and cell lines. Moreover, CR-1 mRNA and protein levels were significantly higher in HCC tissues than adjacent normal liver tissues. Hepatocyte-specific over-expression of CR-1 in transgenic mice enhanced hepatocyte proliferation after 2/3 partial hepatectomy (2/3 PHx). CR-1 over-expression significantly increased in vivo xenograft tumor growth of HCC cells in nude mice and in vitro HCC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. CR-1 over-expression in the transgenic mouse livers deregulated HCC-related signaling pathways such as AKT, Wnt/β-catenin, Stat3, MAPK/ERK, JNK, TGF-β and Notch, as well as expression of HCC-related genes such as CD5L, S100A8, S100A9, Timd4, Orm2, Orm3, PDK4, DMBT1, G0S2, Plk2, Plk3, Gsta1 and Gsta2. However, histological signs of precancerous lesions, hepatocyte dysplasia or HCC formation were not observed in the livers of 3-, 6- or 8-month-old hepatocyte-specific CR-1-overexpressing transgenic mice. These findings demonstrate that liver-specific CR-1 overexpression in transgenic mice deregulates signaling pathways and genes associated with HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Liu
- Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.,Institute of Comparative Medicine and Laboratory Animal Center, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yan-Qing Li
- Department of Hematology, Central Hospital of Xuhui District, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Shi-Hao Huang
- Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yong-Long Li
- Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.,Institute of Comparative Medicine and Laboratory Animal Center, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Jia-Wei Xia
- The Third People's Hospital of Kunming (The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Dali University), Kunming 650041, China
| | - Jun-Shuang Jia
- Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Fang Wei
- Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Jia-Hong Wang
- Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Guan-Qi Dai
- Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yu-Cai Wang
- Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Li
- Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.,Institute of Comparative Medicine and Laboratory Animal Center, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Liu-Xin Han
- The Third People's Hospital of Kunming (The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Dali University), Kunming 650041, China
| | - Xiao-Ling Zhang
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Xu-Dong Xiang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Yunnan Cancer Center), Kunming 650118, China
| | - Wen-Tao Zhao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Yunnan Cancer Center), Kunming 650118, China
| | - Dong Xiao
- Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.,Institute of Comparative Medicine and Laboratory Animal Center, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Xiao-Lin Lin
- Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
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23
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Zhang C, Yang M. The Emerging Factors and Treatment Options for NAFLD-Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13153740. [PMID: 34359642 PMCID: PMC8345138 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13153740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease, and it is an increasing factor in the cause of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The incidence of NAFLD has increased in recent decades, accompanied by an increase in the prevalence of other metabolic diseases, such as obesity and type 2 diabetes. However, current treatment options are limited. Both genetic factors and non-genetic factors impact the initiation and progression of NAFLD-related HCC. The early diagnosis of liver cancer predicts curative treatment and longer survival. Some key molecules play pivotal roles in the initiation and progression of NAFLD-related HCC, which can be targeted to impede HCC development. In this review, we summarize some key factors and important molecules in NAFLD-related HCC development, the latest progress in HCC diagnosis and treatment options, and some current clinical trials for NAFLD treatment. Abstract Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of primary liver cancer, followed by cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). HCC is the third most common cause of cancer death worldwide, and its incidence is rising, associated with an increased prevalence of obesity and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, current treatment options are limited. Genetic factors and epigenetic factors, influenced by age and environment, significantly impact the initiation and progression of NAFLD-related HCC. In addition, both transcriptional factors and post-transcriptional modification are critically important for the development of HCC in the fatty liver under inflammatory and fibrotic conditions. The early diagnosis of liver cancer predicts curative treatment and longer survival. However, clinical HCC cases are commonly found in a very late stage due to the asymptomatic nature of the early stage of NAFLD-related HCC. The development of diagnostic methods and novel biomarkers, as well as the combined evaluation algorithm and artificial intelligence, support the early and precise diagnosis of NAFLD-related HCC, and timely monitoring during its progression. Treatment options for HCC and NAFLD-related HCC include immunotherapy, CAR T cell therapy, peptide treatment, bariatric surgery, anti-fibrotic treatment, and so on. Overall, the incidence of NAFLD-related HCC is increasing, and a better understanding of the underlying mechanism implicated in the progression of NAFLD-related HCC is essential for improving treatment and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunye Zhang
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA;
| | - Ming Yang
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
- Correspondence:
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24
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Chen XY, Feng PH, Han CL, Jheng YT, Wu CD, Chou HC, Chen YY, Wu SM, Lee KY, Kuo HP, Chung KF, Hsiao TC, Chen KY, Ho SC, Chang TY, Chuang HC. Alveolar epithelial inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain 4 deficiency associated with senescence-regulated apoptosis by air pollution. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 278:116863. [PMID: 33735794 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.116863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain 4 (ITIH4) is a type II acute-phase protein; however, the role of pulmonary ITIH4 after exposure to air pollution remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the role of ITIH4 in the lungs in response to air pollution. ITIH4 expression in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BAL) of 47 healthy human subjects and of Sprague-Dawley rats whole-body exposed to air pollution was determined, and the underlying antiapoptotic and matrix-stabilizing pathways in alveolar epithelial A549 cells induced by diesel exhaust particles (DEPs) as well as ITIH4-knockdown were investigated. We found that an interquartile range (IQR) increase in PM2.5 was associated with a decrease of 2.673 ng/mL in ITIH4, an increase of 1.104 pg/mL of 8-isoprostane, and an increase of 6.918 pg/mL of interleukin (IL)-6 in human BAL. In rats, increases in 8-isoprostane, IL-6, and p53 and a decrease in sirtuin-1 (Sirt1) in the lungs and decreases in ITIH4 in the BAL, lungs, and serum were observed after PM2.5 and gaseous exposure. ITIH4 levels in lung lysates were correlated with levels in BAL samples (r = 0.377, p < 0.01), whereas ITIH4 levels in BAL were correlated with IL-6 levels (r = -0.420, p < 0.01). ITIH4 expression was significantly reduced in alveolar epithelial A549 cells by DEP in a dose-dependent manner. A decrease in Sirt1 and increases in phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (p-ERK) and caspase-3 were observed after DEP exposure and ITIH4-knockdown. In conclusion, air pollution decreased ITIH4 expression in the lungs, which was associated with alveolar epithelial cell senescence and apoptosis. ITIH4 could be a vital protein in regulating alveolar cell destruction and its inhibition after exposure to air pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yue Chen
- School of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Po-Hao Feng
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Li Han
- Master Program in Clinical Pharmacogenomics and Pharmacoproteomics, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Teng Jheng
- Genome and Systems Biology Degree Program, Academia Sinica and National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Da Wu
- Department of Geomatics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Hsiu-Chu Chou
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ying Chen
- School of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Ming Wu
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Kang-Yun Lee
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Han-Pin Kuo
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kian Fan Chung
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Ta-Chih Hsiao
- Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Yuan Chen
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Chuan Ho
- School of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Ta-Yuan Chang
- Department of Occupational Safety and Health, College of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Chi Chuang
- School of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan; Cell Physiology and Molecular Image Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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25
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Geh D, Anstee QM, Reeves HL. NAFLD-Associated HCC: Progress and Opportunities. J Hepatocell Carcinoma 2021; 8:223-239. [PMID: 33854987 PMCID: PMC8041650 DOI: 10.2147/jhc.s272213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to an increase in the obesity-associated metabolic syndrome of epidemic proportions, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is becoming a leading cause of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in western countries. This presents added challenges, as NAFLD-associated HCC tends to present at an advanced stage in older patients with co-morbidities. Their prognosis is generally poor with the benefits of standard therapies less certain. The pathogenesis of NAFLD-associated HCC is multifactorial and not well understood, although the risk of HCC developing undoubtedly increases as NAFLD progresses to steatohepatitis and cirrhosis. Recent advances in our understanding of the drivers of NAFLD and HCC will hopefully lead to the development of clinically relevant biomarkers, tools and strategies to aid the identification of high-risk patients, inform preventive measures, and introduction of better tolerated targeted therapies. Lifestyle modification and chemoprevention with drugs such as anti-platelets, statins and anti-diabetics are being evaluated for HCC prevention. The landmark IMBrave150 study introducing the combination of atezolizumab and bevacizumab has recently transformed the landscape of systemic therapies in HCC, with follow-up analyses and real-world data for patients with NAFLD-associated HCC eagerly anticipated. While responses may vary in ways not yet appreciated, the rate of discovery and progress suggests imminent change and opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Geh
- Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Quentin M Anstee
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.,The Liver Unit, Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Helen L Reeves
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.,The Liver Unit, Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.,Hepatopancreatobiliary Multidisciplinary Team, Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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26
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Choi ES, Faruque HA, Kim JH, Kim KJ, Choi JE, Kim BA, Kim B, Kim YJ, Woo MH, Park JY, Hur K, Lee MY, Kim DS, Lee SY, Kim E. CD5L as an Extracellular Vesicle-Derived Biomarker for Liquid Biopsy of Lung Cancer. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:diagnostics11040620. [PMID: 33808296 PMCID: PMC8067192 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11040620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer screening and diagnosis can be achieved by analyzing specific molecules within serum-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs). This study sought to profile EV-derived proteins to identify potential lung cancer biomarkers. EVs were isolated from 80 serum samples from healthy individuals and cancer patients via polyethylene glycol (PEG)-based precipitation and immunoaffinity separation using antibodies against CD9, CD63, CD81, and EpCAM. Proteomic analysis was performed using 2-D gel electrophoresis and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization–time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI–TOF MS). The expression of proteins that were differentially upregulated in the EVs or tissue of lung cancer samples was validated by Western blotting. The area under the curve (AUC) was calculated to assess the predictability of each differentially expressed protein (DEP) for lung cancer. A total of 55 upregulated protein spots were selected, seven of which (CD5L, CLEC3B, ITIH4, SERFINF1, SAA4, SERFINC1, and C20ORF3) were found to be expressed at high levels in patient-derived EVs by Western blotting. Meanwhile, only the expression of EV CD5L correlated with that in cancer tissues. CD5L also demonstrated the highest AUC value (0.943) and was found to be the core regulator in a pathway related to cell dysfunction. Cumulatively, these results show that EV-derived CD5L may represent a potential biomarker—detected via a liquid biopsy—for the noninvasive diagnosis of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Sook Choi
- Division of Bi-Fusion Research, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Techno-jungangdaero 333, Dague 42988, Korea; (E.-S.C.); (H.A.F.)
| | - Hasan Al Faruque
- Division of Bi-Fusion Research, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Techno-jungangdaero 333, Dague 42988, Korea; (E.-S.C.); (H.A.F.)
| | - Jung-Hee Kim
- Division of Electronic Information System Research, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Techno-Jungangdaero 333, Dague 42988, Korea;
| | - Kook Jin Kim
- Genomine Research Division, Genomine Inc., Pohang Technopark, Pohang 37668, Korea; (K.J.K.); (B.A.K.); (B.K.); (Y.J.K.); (M.H.W.); (D.S.K.)
| | - Jin Eun Choi
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea; (J.E.C.); (K.H.)
| | - Bo A. Kim
- Genomine Research Division, Genomine Inc., Pohang Technopark, Pohang 37668, Korea; (K.J.K.); (B.A.K.); (B.K.); (Y.J.K.); (M.H.W.); (D.S.K.)
| | - Bora Kim
- Genomine Research Division, Genomine Inc., Pohang Technopark, Pohang 37668, Korea; (K.J.K.); (B.A.K.); (B.K.); (Y.J.K.); (M.H.W.); (D.S.K.)
| | - Ye Jin Kim
- Genomine Research Division, Genomine Inc., Pohang Technopark, Pohang 37668, Korea; (K.J.K.); (B.A.K.); (B.K.); (Y.J.K.); (M.H.W.); (D.S.K.)
| | - Min Hee Woo
- Genomine Research Division, Genomine Inc., Pohang Technopark, Pohang 37668, Korea; (K.J.K.); (B.A.K.); (B.K.); (Y.J.K.); (M.H.W.); (D.S.K.)
| | - Jae Yong Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea;
- Lung Cancer Center, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu 41404, Korea
| | - Keun Hur
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea; (J.E.C.); (K.H.)
| | - Mi-Young Lee
- Department of Medical Science, Soonchunhyang University, Asan 31538, Korea;
| | - Dong Su Kim
- Genomine Research Division, Genomine Inc., Pohang Technopark, Pohang 37668, Korea; (K.J.K.); (B.A.K.); (B.K.); (Y.J.K.); (M.H.W.); (D.S.K.)
| | - Shin Yup Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea;
- Lung Cancer Center, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu 41404, Korea
- Correspondence: (S.Y.L.); (E.K.); Tel.: +82-53-200-2632 (S.Y.L.); +82-53-785-2530 (E.K.)
| | - Eunjoo Kim
- Division of Electronic Information System Research, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Techno-Jungangdaero 333, Dague 42988, Korea;
- Correspondence: (S.Y.L.); (E.K.); Tel.: +82-53-200-2632 (S.Y.L.); +82-53-785-2530 (E.K.)
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Yang C, Chen J, Yu Z, Luo J, Li X, Zhou B, Jiang N. Mining of RNA Methylation-Related Genes and Elucidation of Their Molecular Biology in Gallbladder Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2021; 11:621806. [PMID: 33718182 PMCID: PMC7947712 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.621806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Gallbladder carcinoma (GBC), which has high invasion and metastasis risks, remains the most common biliary tract malignancy. Surgical resection for GBC is the only effective treatment, but most patients miss the opportunity for curative surgery because of a lack of timely diagnosis. The aim of this study was to identify and verify early candidate diagnostic and prognostic RNA methylation related genes for GBC via integrated transcriptome bioinformatics analysis. Lists of GBC-related genes and methylation-related genes were collected from public databases to screen differentially expressed genes (DEGs) by using the limma package and the RobustRankAggreg (RRA) package. The core genes were collected with batch effects corrected by the RRA algorithm through protein interaction network analysis, signaling pathway enrichment analysis and gene ranking. Four modules obtained from four public microarray datasets were found to be related to GBC, and FGA, F2, HAO1, CFH, PIPOX, ITIH4, GNMT, MAT1A, MTHFD1, HPX, CTH, EPHX2, HSD17B6, AKR1C4, CFHR3, ENNP1, and NAT2 were revealed to be potential hub genes involved in methylation-related pathways and bile metabolism-related pathways. Among these, FGA, CFH, F2, HPX, and PIPOX were predicted to be methylated genes in GBC, but POPIX had no modification sites for RNA methylation. Furthermore, survival analysis of TCGA (the Cancer Genome Atlas) database showed that six genes among the hub genes, FGA, CFH, ENPP1, CFHR3, ITIH4, and NAT2, were highly expressed and significantly correlated with worse prognosis. Gene correlation analysis revealed that the FGA was positively correlated with the ENPP1, NAT2, and CFHR3, while CFH was positively correlated with the NAT2, CFHR3, and FGA. In addition, the results of immunohistochemistry (IHC) showed that the expressions of FGA, F2, CFH, PIPOX, ITIH4, GNMT, MAT1A, MTHFD1, HPX, CFHR3, NAT2, and ENPP1 were higher in GBC tissues than that in control tissues. In conclusion, two genes, FGA and CFH, were identified as RNA methylation-related genes also involved in bile metabolism in GBC, which may be novel biomarkers to early diagnose and evaluate prognosis for GBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changhong Yang
- Department of Bioinformatics, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jialei Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhe Yu
- School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Luo
- Department of Pathology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xuemei Li
- Department of Pathology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Baoyong Zhou
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ning Jiang
- Department of Pathology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Devarbhavi P, Telang L, Vastrad B, Tengli A, Vastrad C, Kotturshetti I. Identification of key pathways and genes in polycystic ovary syndrome via integrated bioinformatics analysis and prediction of small therapeutic molecules. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2021; 19:31. [PMID: 33622336 PMCID: PMC7901211 DOI: 10.1186/s12958-021-00706-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
To enhance understanding of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) at the molecular level; this investigation intends to examine the genes and pathways associated with PCOS by using an integrated bioinformatics analysis. Based on the expression profiling by high throughput sequencing data GSE84958 derived from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between PCOS samples and normal controls were identified. We performed a functional enrichment analysis. A protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, miRNA- target genes and TF - target gene networks, were constructed and visualized, with which the hub gene nodes were identified. Validation of hub genes was performed by using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) and RT-PCR. Small drug molecules were predicted by using molecular docking. A total of 739 DEGs were identified, of which 360 genes were up regulated and 379 genes were down regulated. GO enrichment analysis revealed that up regulated genes were mainly involved in peptide metabolic process, organelle envelope and RNA binding and the down regulated genes were significantly enriched in plasma membrane bounded cell projection organization, neuron projection and DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific. REACTOME pathway enrichment analysis revealed that the up regulated genes were mainly enriched in translation and respiratory electron transport and the down regulated genes were mainly enriched in generic transcription pathway and transmembrane transport of small molecules. The top 10 hub genes (SAA1, ADCY6, POLR2K, RPS15, RPS15A, CTNND1, ESR1, NEDD4L, KNTC1 and NGFR) were identified from PPI network, miRNA - target gene network and TF - target gene network. The modules analysis showed that genes in modules were mainly associated with the transport of respiratory electrons and signaling NGF, respectively. We find a series of crucial genes along with the pathways that were most closely related with PCOS initiation and advancement. Our investigations provide a more detailed molecular mechanism for the progression of PCOS, detail information on the potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Praveenkumar Devarbhavi
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Subbaiah Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Shimoga, Karnataka, 577201, India
| | - Lata Telang
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Subbaiah Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Shimoga, Karnataka, 577201, India
| | - Basavaraj Vastrad
- Department of Biochemistry, Basaveshwar College of Pharmacy, Gadag, Karnataka, 582103, India
| | - Anandkumar Tengli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, Mysuru and JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, 570015, India
| | - Chanabasayya Vastrad
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Chanabasava Nilaya, Bharthinagar, Dharwad, Karanataka, 580001, India.
| | - Iranna Kotturshetti
- Department of Ayurveda, Rajiv Gandhi Education Society's Ayurvedic Medical College, Ron, Karanataka, 562209, India
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Ma Y, Li R, Wang J, Jiang W, Yuan X, Cui J, Wang C. ITIH4, as an inflammation biomarker, mainly increases in bacterial bloodstream infection. Cytokine 2020; 138:155377. [PMID: 33348064 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2020.155377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Bloodstream infection (BSI) is usually accompanied with the changes of varieties of inflammation proteins. In our previous study, we identified that inter-α-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain H4 (ITIH4) was highly expressed in the infection arms than the normal control arm. However, the correlated verification and mechanism remain obscure. Escherichia coli infected mice model and clinical serum samples were used to validate the concentration of interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-10 (IL-10), as well as ITIH4, in ELISA method. Cytokines (IL-6, TNF-α, IL-10 and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)) were used to stimulate the HepG2 cell model to explore which cytokines influence the expression of ITIH4. JAK/STAT inhibitor was treated before IL-6 and LPS stimulation. Westernblot, as well as real-time PCR were performed to detect the expression of ITIH4 in liver tissue from protein and transcription levels. Immunohistochemistry analysis was used to observe the expression of ITIH4 in mice liver tissue. In mice model, IL-6, TNF-α, as well as IL-10 increased in the infection arms than the normal control arm. ITIH4 in serum and liver tissue of mice model increased from 1 h to 128 h, which were remarkably different from that of the normal control arm. Besides, ITIH4 increased in the bacterial infection arm greatly than the fungemia arm, mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) arm and febrile arm in clinical serum samples. Furthermore, using the HepG2 cell line, we demonstrated that ITIH4 was up-regulated at both protein and mRNA levels upon dose- and time- response treatments with IL-6, as well as LPS. Moreover, IL-6 or LPS mediated induction of ITIH4 expression could be significantly decreased by treatment with an JAK/STAT inhibitor in protein or mRNA level. No changes were observed after TNF-α or IL-10 stimulation. ITIH4 might be a critical inflammatory biomarker which correlated with the development of BSI, especially with bacterial bloodstream infection. It is expected that this study would provide some insights into potential functional mechanisms underlying BSI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yating Ma
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China; Nankai University School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Ruibing Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Jianan Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Wencan Jiang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Xiaozhou Yuan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Jiayue Cui
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Chengbin Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China; Nankai University School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
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Perakakis N, Stefanakis K, Mantzoros CS. The role of omics in the pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Metabolism 2020; 111S:154320. [PMID: 32712221 PMCID: PMC7377759 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2020.154320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a multifaceted metabolic disorder, whose spectrum covers clinical, histological and pathophysiological developments ranging from simple steatosis to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and liver fibrosis, potentially evolving into cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma and liver failure. Liver biopsy remains the gold standard for diagnosing NAFLD, while there are no specific treatments. An ever-increasing number of high-throughput Omics investigations on the molecular pathobiology of NAFLD at the cellular, tissue and system levels produce comprehensive biochemical patient snapshots. In the clinical setting, these applications are considerably enhancing our efforts towards obtaining a holistic insight on NAFLD pathophysiology. Omics are also generating non-invasive diagnostic modalities for the distinct stages of NAFLD, that remain though to be validated in multiple, large, heterogenous and independent cohorts, both cross-sectionally as well as prospectively. Finally, they aid in developing novel therapies. By tracing the flow of information from genomics to epigenomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, lipidomics and glycomics, the chief contributions of these techniques in understanding, diagnosing and treating NAFLD are summarized herein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos Perakakis
- Department of Internal Medicine, Boston VA Healthcare system and Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA..
| | - Konstantinos Stefanakis
- Department of Internal Medicine, Boston VA Healthcare system and Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Christos S Mantzoros
- Department of Internal Medicine, Boston VA Healthcare system and Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
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Son KH, Ahn CB, Kim HJ, Kim JS. Quantitative proteomic analysis of bile in extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma patients. J Cancer 2020; 11:4073-4080. [PMID: 32368289 PMCID: PMC7196276 DOI: 10.7150/jca.40964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims: Extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) without liver-fluke is increasing. Multifactorial carcinogenesis makes it hard to find biomarkers related to CCA. Although there are a few studies of bile proteomics, these showed different protein profiles because of having heterogeneous groups of patients and different sampling methods. Our aim was to identify the specific bile proteins of extrahepatic CCA patients. Methods: We collected bile from 23 patients undergoing endoscopic nasobiliary drainage in Korea University Guro Hospital from May 2018 to January 2019. The CCA group included 18 patients diagnosed with extrahepatic CCA, and the control group included 5 patients with benign biliary conditions. We analyzed bile proteome using liquid chromatography mass spectrometry. We compared the relative abundance of various proteins in the CCA and control groups. Results: In all, we identified a total of 245 proteins in the bile of CCA and control patients. Increased top 14 proteins in CCA patients were immunoglobulin kappa light chain, apolipoprotein B, inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain H4, apolipoprotein E, Mucin 5B, inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain H1, apolipoprotein A-IV, intercellular adhesion molecule 1, complement C7, complement C5, apolipoprotein C-III, albumin, antithrombin-III, and apolipoprotein A-II. However, the significantly increased proteins in bile of CCA patients comparing with control patients were immunoglobulin kappa light chain, apolipoprotein E, albumin, apolipoprotein A-I, antithrombin-III, α1-antitrypsin, serotransferrin, immunoglobulin heavy constant mu, immunoglobulin J chain, complement C4-A, and complement C3 (p<0.05). Conclusions: In this study, we identified several proteins that were significantly increased in the bile of extrahepatic CCA. Further study is needed to validate them as potential tumor-associated proteins that may be potential biomarkers for CCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuk Hui Son
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Gachon University, Incheon, 21565, Republic of Korea
| | - Chi Bum Ahn
- Center for information security technologies, Korea University
| | - Hyo Jung Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital
| | - Jae Seon Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital
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