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Abdel Ghafar MT, Helmy AA. Genetic variants in the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system: Impact on cancer risk, prognosis, and therapeutic directions. VITAMINS AND HORMONES 2024; 124:165-220. [PMID: 38408799 DOI: 10.1016/bs.vh.2023.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Although renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) is known to maintain blood pressure and electrolyte balance, it has recently been linked to a number of biological processes such as angiogenesis, tumorigenesis, metastasis, and cellular proliferation, increasing the risk of cancer development and progression. Multiple genetic variants have been found to affect the genes encoding RAAS components, altering gene transcription and protein expression. This review provides an up-to-date insight into the role of RAAS in carcinogenesis, as well as the impact of RAAS genetic variants on the risk of cancer development, progression, and patient survival and outcomes, as well as response to treatment. This paves the way for the application of precision medicine in cancer risk assessment and management by implementing preventative programs in individuals at risk and guiding the therapeutic direction in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aya A Helmy
- Clinical Pathology Departments, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Egypt
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El Azzouzi M, El Ahanidi H, Hafidi Alaoui C, Chaoui I, Benbacer L, Tetou M, Hassan I, Bensaid M, Oukabli M, Ameur A, Al Bouzidi A, Attaleb M, El Mzibri M. The Evaluation of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A (VEGFA) and VEGFR2 Receptor as Prognostic Biomarkers in Bladder Cancer. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:diagnostics13081471. [PMID: 37189572 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13081471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its receptors (VEGFR1 and VEGFR2) are the most important tissue factors involved in tumor growth and angiogenesis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the promoter mutational status of VEGFA and the expression levels of VEGFA, VEGFR1, and VEGFR2 in bladder cancer (BC) tissues and to correlate the results with the clinical-pathological parameters of BC patients. A total of 70 BC patients were recruited at the Urology Department of the Mohammed V Military Training Hospital in Rabat, Morocco. Sanger sequencing was performed to investigate the mutational status of VEGFA, and RT-QPCR was used to evaluate the expression levels of VEGFA, VEGFR1, and VEGFR2. Sequencing of the VEGFA gene promoter revealed the presence of -460T/C, -2578C/A, and -2549I/D polymorphisms, and statistical analyses showed a significant correlation between -460T/C SNP and smoking (p = 0.02). VEGFA and VEGFR2 expressions were significantly up-regulated in patients with NMIBC (p = 0.003) and MIBC (p = 0.03), respectively. Kaplan-Meier analyses showed that patients with high VEGFA expression had significantly longer disease-free survival (p = 0.014) and overall survival (p = 0.009). This study was very informative, showing the implication of VEGF alterations in BC, suggesting that VEGFA and VEGFR2 expressions could be promising biomarkers for the better management of BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meryem El Azzouzi
- Biology and Medical Research Unit, Centre National de l'Energie, des Sciences et des Techniques Nucléaires (CNESTEN), Rabat 10001, Morocco
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Rabat, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 10100, Morocco
| | - Hajar El Ahanidi
- Biology and Medical Research Unit, Centre National de l'Energie, des Sciences et des Techniques Nucléaires (CNESTEN), Rabat 10001, Morocco
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Chaimae Hafidi Alaoui
- Biology and Medical Research Unit, Centre National de l'Energie, des Sciences et des Techniques Nucléaires (CNESTEN), Rabat 10001, Morocco
- Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 10040, Morocco
| | - Imane Chaoui
- Biology and Medical Research Unit, Centre National de l'Energie, des Sciences et des Techniques Nucléaires (CNESTEN), Rabat 10001, Morocco
| | - Laila Benbacer
- Biology and Medical Research Unit, Centre National de l'Energie, des Sciences et des Techniques Nucléaires (CNESTEN), Rabat 10001, Morocco
| | - Mohammed Tetou
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Rabat, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 10100, Morocco
- Department of Urology, Mohammed V Military Teaching Hospital of Rabat, Rabat 10045, Morocco
| | - Ilias Hassan
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Rabat, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 10100, Morocco
- Department of Urology, Mohammed V Military Teaching Hospital of Rabat, Rabat 10045, Morocco
| | - Mounia Bensaid
- Department of Pathology, Mohammed V Military Teaching Hospital of Rabat, Rabat 10045, Morocco
| | - Mohamed Oukabli
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Rabat, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 10100, Morocco
- Department of Pathology, Mohammed V Military Teaching Hospital of Rabat, Rabat 10045, Morocco
| | - Ahmed Ameur
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Rabat, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 10100, Morocco
- Department of Urology, Mohammed V Military Teaching Hospital of Rabat, Rabat 10045, Morocco
| | - Abderrahmane Al Bouzidi
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Rabat, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 10100, Morocco
| | - Mohammed Attaleb
- Biology and Medical Research Unit, Centre National de l'Energie, des Sciences et des Techniques Nucléaires (CNESTEN), Rabat 10001, Morocco
| | - Mohammed El Mzibri
- Biology and Medical Research Unit, Centre National de l'Energie, des Sciences et des Techniques Nucléaires (CNESTEN), Rabat 10001, Morocco
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Oldani S, Petrelli F, Dognini G, Borgonovo K, Parati MC, Ghilardi M, Dottorini L, Cabiddu M, Luciani A. COVID-19 and Lung Cancer Survival: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:5706. [PMID: 36428798 PMCID: PMC9688481 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14225706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The outbreak of COVID-19 poses an unprecedented challenge to global public health. Patients with cancer are at a higher risk during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Patients with lung cancer and COVID-19 were compared to those without cancer and those with other malignancies for the main outcome of this study. The aim of this study was to evaluate the differences in susceptibility, disease severity, and mortality between lung cancer patients and the general population. Methods: Using PRISMA reporting guidelines, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of the published literature. The Cochrane Library database, PubMed, EMBASE, and PubMed Central were comprehensively searched for published papers until 31 May 2022. A pooled risk ratio (OR) with 95% CI was presented as the result of this meta-analysis. Results: We included 29 studies involved 21,257 patients with lung cancer and SARS-CoV-2 infection. Analysis data showed that mortality in patients with lung cancer was significantly higher than that in patients without cancer (HR = 2.00 [95%CI 1.52, 2.63], p < 0.01) or with other malignancies (HR = 1.91 [95%CI 1.53, 2.39], p < 0.01). In addition, we also observed a higher risk of severe infection in terms of life-threatening or required ICU admission/mechanical ventilation for lung cancer patients (HR = 1.47 [95%CI 1.06, 2.03], p = 0.02) than for patients with no cancer or other malignancies. Regarding lung cancer as a risk factor for acquiring SARS-CoV-2 infection, we could not reach statistical significance (hazard ratio [HR] =2.73 [95%CI 0.84, 8.94], p = 0.1). Conclusion: Lung cancer represents an important comorbidity and modifies COVID-19 prognosis in terms of disease severity and mortality. More patients experience severe or even fatal events. Considering their inherent fragility, patients with lung cancer, and generally all oncological populations, should be treated more carefully during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fausto Petrelli
- Oncology Unit, ASST Bergamo Ovest, 24047 Treviglio (BG), Italy
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Said R, Jenni R, Boussetta S, Ammous F, Zouari S, Zaghbib S, Chakroun M, Derouiche A, Chebil M, Ouerhani S. Association of a common genetic variant (insertion/deletion) in ACE gene with prostate cancer susceptibility in a Tunisian population. J Clin Lab Anal 2021; 36:e24129. [PMID: 34799866 PMCID: PMC8761439 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Angiotensin‐converting enzyme (ACE) plays a pivotal role in several pathologies including cancers. The association of insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism of the ACE gene with prostate cancer (PC) risk remains controversial. We aimed to investigate for the first time, to our Knowledge, in North Africa the potential relationship between ACE I/D polymorphism with PC susceptibility and clinical outcomes of PC patients. Methods This case‐control study included 143 healthy individuals and 124 patients diagnosed with PC. Using genomic DNA, the samples were genotyped for ACE I/D polymorphism by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results We found that The D allele is significantly associated with an increased risk of PC and D/D + D/I genotypes were at 3 times increased risk of PC ([p = 0.005], OR = 2.95, IC 95% = 1.26–7.09) compared with I/I genotype (p = 0.003, OR = 0.3, IC 95% = 0.12–0.74). We observed an association between D/D and D/I genotypes with advanced age (≥70 years) (p = 0.014; r2 = 0.22). Furthermore, there is a significant prediction of advanced Gleason score ≥8 based on epidemiological parameters and ACE genotype (p = 0.000; R2 = 0.349), although no significant association was observed with stage and metastasis. Conclusion The ACE I/D polymorphism is likely to predispose to PC and could play a role in PC progression and aggressiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahma Said
- Laboratory of Protein Engineering and Bio-active Molecules, National Institute of Applied Science and Technology - University of Carthage, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Rim Jenni
- Laboratory of Protein Engineering and Bio-active Molecules, National Institute of Applied Science and Technology - University of Carthage, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Sami Boussetta
- Laboratory of Genetics, Immunology, and Human Pathology, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis
| | - Feryel Ammous
- Laboratory of Genetics, Immunology, and Human Pathology, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis
| | - Skander Zouari
- Urology Department, Charles Nicolle Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Selim Zaghbib
- Urology Department, Charles Nicolle Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia
| | | | - Amine Derouiche
- Urology Department, Charles Nicolle Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Chebil
- Urology Department, Charles Nicolle Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Slah Ouerhani
- Laboratory of Protein Engineering and Bio-active Molecules, National Institute of Applied Science and Technology - University of Carthage, Tunis, Tunisia
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Chen J, Sun M, Zhou M, Lu R. Correction to: Associations between I/D polymorphism in the ACE gene and lung cancer: an updated systematic review and a meta-analysis. BMC Cancer 2021; 21:192. [PMID: 33632151 PMCID: PMC7905590 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-021-07937-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Junjian Chen
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongqing University Center Hospital, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, No.1 Healthy Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Mao Sun
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongqing University Center Hospital, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, No.1 Healthy Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Min Zhou
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongqing University Center Hospital, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, No.1 Healthy Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Renfu Lu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongqing University Center Hospital, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, No.1 Healthy Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400014, China.
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