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Dhachpramuk D, Sonjaipanich S, Theppiban S, In-Iw S. Exercise, mental well-being and burnout in Thai medical students in 2020-2021: an online cross-sectional survey. BMC MEDICAL EDUCATION 2024; 24:837. [PMID: 39095768 PMCID: PMC11297641 DOI: 10.1186/s12909-024-05843-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Within the Thai medical curriculum, its rigorous education framework, demanding schedules and high academic standards can contribute to psychological distress. Regular physical activity has consistently shown positive effects on mental health. The aim of the study was to investigate the association between exercise and psychological well-being, including depression, anxiety, and burnout, in Thai medical students, and factors related to insufficient exercise and depression. METHODS The cross-sectional study was conducted among medical students in the university hospital during 2020-2021. Participants completed self-administered questionnaires consisting of demographic data, Godin-Shephard Leisure-Time Physical Activity Questionnaire, depression screening (9Q), Thai General Health Question-28 (4 domains: somatic symptoms, anxiety and insomnia, social dysfunction, severe depression), and Maslach burnout inventory (Emotional exhaustion (EE), Depersonalization (DP), Reduced Personal Achievement (rPA). RESULTS Of the 404 participants, 50.5% were women, the mean age (SD) was 21.06 (1.8) years, and 52% were in clinical years. The prevalence of insufficient exercise was 59.6%, depression (30.2%), somatic symptoms (27.7%), anxiety (30.7%), insomnia (89.4%), social dysfunction (89.4%), high level of EE (32.4%), DP (21%), and rPA (56.7%). Insufficient exercise was associated with moderate to severe depression (OR 2.89, 95% CI 1.16-7.25), anxiety and insomnia (OR 1.56, 95% CI 1.01-2.43), social dysfunction (OR 2.51, 95% CI 1.31-4.78), burnout in part due to high rPA (OR 2.4, 95% CI 1.4-4.13), and study in clinical years (OR 1.91, 95% CI 1.28-2.87). After adjusted significant factors, only studying in the clinical year, social dysfunction, and burnout in part of rPA were related to insufficient exercise. CONCLUSIONS High rates of insufficient exercise, psychological challenges, and burnout were prevalent among medical students. To effectively address these issues, medical school should advise students to participate in regular exercise, promoting mental well-being and healthier lifestyles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhachdanai Dhachpramuk
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Suprapath Sonjaipanich
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Supparat Theppiban
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Supinya In-Iw
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
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Luo X, Pan J, Jiang C, Li X, Li P. The influence of Chinese culture and customs on the beliefs and health-related behaviours of Chinese women with gestational diabetes mellitus: A qualitative study. Int J Nurs Pract 2024; 30:e13234. [PMID: 38273651 DOI: 10.1111/ijn.13234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The study aimed to explore the influence of Chinese culture and customs on the beliefs and health-related behaviours of Chinese women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). METHODS This descriptive qualitative study conducted semi-structured interviews with 15 Chinese women between November 2022 and January 2023. The interview data were analysed using thematic analysis. RESULTS Three major themes are found: (1) beliefs in health, (2) beliefs in illness and GDM and (3) beliefs in health-related behaviours. They worried about the negative effects of GDM on the infant and family, so they actively sought medical advice to maintain health. However, it is challenging for them to balance adhering to healthcare professionals' advice and avoiding practical difficulties in the impact of the Chinese sociocultural context. CONCLUSION This study emphasizes the influence of Chinese culture and customs on the beliefs and health-related behaviours of women with GDM. Healthcare providers should recognize the influence of Chinese culture, customs and beliefs on women with GDM and their families, in order to provide individualized education to help them maintain health-related behaviours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuwen Luo
- Master of Birmingham City University, Birmingham, UK
- Nursing Department, The Second People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jie Pan
- Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Cailing Jiang
- Bachelor of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
- Obstetrics Department of The Second People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Li
- Nursing Department, The Second People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, Guangdong Province, China
- Master of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Peiling Li
- Bachelor of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
- Endocrinology Department of The Second People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, Guangdong Province, China
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Shawahna R. Epilepsy knowledge and attitudes: A large observational study among the Palestinian general public. Heliyon 2024; 10:e23707. [PMID: 38187269 PMCID: PMC10767192 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Epileptic seizures are often misunderstood as supernatural power or satanic possession in different cultures around the world. Therefore, people with epilepsy (PWE) suffer discrimination, prejudice, and stigma. The epilepsy knowledge and attitude (EKA) of the Palestinian general public were not assessed before. Therefore, this study assessed the EKA of the Palestinian general public. In addition, the study identified the characteristics that were associated with EKA. Methods This was a large cross-sectional study that was conducted using a self-administered instrument. The study participants were invited and recruited from the Palestinian general public. The EKA were assessed using 16 knowledge items and 13 attitude items. Results In this study, responses were collected from 746 participants. Knowledge scores were significantly associated with having a university degree, satisfaction with household income, adequate knowledge about epilepsy, having acquaintances with epilepsy, and having witnessed someone experiencing epileptic seizures. Attitude scores were significantly associated with living in urban areas, being married, having a university degree, satisfaction with household income, adequate knowledge about epilepsy, having acquaintances with epilepsy, and having witnessed someone experiencing epileptic seizures. Conclusion Large knowledge gaps and negative attitudes toward PWE were identified among the Palestinian general public. These findings might be considered a call to increase knowledge and correct negative attitudes toward PWE. Decision-makers need to design and implement effective measures to increase knowledge and correct negative attitudes toward PWE. Further studies are still needed to assess the effectiveness of these measures in increasing knowledge and positive attitudes toward PWE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramzi Shawahna
- Department of Physiology, Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
- Clinical Research Center, An-Najah National University Hospital, Nablus, Palestine
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Agyapong-Opoku G, Agyapong B, Obuobi-Donkor G, Eboreime E. Depression and Anxiety among Undergraduate Health Science Students: A Scoping Review of the Literature. Behav Sci (Basel) 2023; 13:1002. [PMID: 38131858 PMCID: PMC10740739 DOI: 10.3390/bs13121002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Health science students in post-secondary institutions experience high levels of depression and anxiety due to increased stress levels, workload, low socioeconomic status, and history of family mental illness, among other factors. Given the significant negative impact that depression and anxiety can have on undergraduate health science students, it is essential to understand the prevalence and correlation of these conditions in this population. In light of this, this scoping review aims to identify, document, and analyze the literature on the prevalence and determinants of anxiety and depression among undergraduate health sciences students and identify gaps in knowledge for future research. Methods: This scoping review was planned and executed using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for the Scoping Reviews statement. A comprehensive and systematic search was carried out for five databases, namely MEDLINE, Scopus, EMBASE, CINAHL, and PubMed. Results: From the literature identified by our search strategy, the lowest prevalence for anxiety was 5.8%, and the highest was 82.6%, with a median of 44.25%. The prevalence of depression ranged from a high of 88.8% to a low of 2.1%, with a median value of 34.8%. Our analysis revealed that correlates of anxiety and depression among health science students include sociodemographic factors such as age, sex, gender, relationships, ethnicity, and family history, personal health conditions, and academic and socioeconomic issues. Conclusions: With the high incidence of anxiety and depression among health science students, there is an increasing need to find practical remedies to support these students. It is also essential for policymakers and university authorities to implement interventions such as supportive text messages and other strategies geared toward providing support and improving the psychological well-being of health science students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerald Agyapong-Opoku
- School of Health and Human Performance, Faculty of Health, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Belinda Agyapong
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2B7, Canada
| | - Gloria Obuobi-Donkor
- Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 2E2, Canada (E.E.)
| | - Ejemai Eboreime
- Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 2E2, Canada (E.E.)
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Amamou B, Alouani S, Ben Haouala A, Alouani S, Tlili MA, Mhalla A, Zaafrane F, Gaha L. Depression among medical students in Tunisia: Prevalence and associated factors. World J Psychiatry 2023; 13:772-783. [PMID: 38058690 PMCID: PMC10696287 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v13.i10.772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Medical school is known for its lengthy process, which is both physically and emotionally draining. Students' mental balance would shrink as they progress in their medical training. A systematic review and meta-analysis reported that the prevalence of depressive symptoms among medical students remained relatively constant at 27.2%. AIM To assess the prevalence of depressive symptoms among Tunisian medical students and evaluate its associated factors. METHODS This is a descriptive cross-sectional study that was carried out in the second semester of the academic year 2017/2018, between April 2018 and July 2018 among 1138 medical students. Data were collected using a socio-demographic questionnaire and the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II). RESULTS Sixty-four percent (n = 728) of the participants had depressive symptoms, of which 266 (23.4%) met the criteria for mild, 271 (23.8%) for moderate, and 191 (16.8%) for severe depressive symptoms. Female gender, low socio-economic level, smoking habits and history of mental disorder, performing leisure and physical activities, satisfaction toward a career choice, and happiness perception were the main prognostic factors for depression among medical students. Although academic grades may not be considered a prognostic factor, final-year students appeared to be less depressive than their colleagues. CONCLUSION These findings give insight into mental health issues and comorbidities among Tunisian medical students. It is a hopeful request for decision-makers and academic authorities to set serious measures and draw effective interventions to minimize the currency of psychological distress among this subpopulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Badii Amamou
- Department of Psychiatry, Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital of Monastir, Monastir 5000, Tunisia
| | - Sondess Alouani
- Department of Psychiatry, Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital of Monastir, Monastir 5000, Tunisia
| | - Amjed Ben Haouala
- Department of Psychiatry, Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital of Monastir, Monastir 5000, Tunisia
| | - Saoussen Alouani
- Department of Psychiatry, Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital of Monastir, Monastir 5000, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Ayoub Tlili
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine of Sousse, Sousse 4002, Tunisia
| | - Ahmed Mhalla
- Department of Psychiatry, Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital of Monastir, Monastir 5000, Tunisia
| | - Ferid Zaafrane
- Department of Psychiatry, Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital of Monastir, Monastir 5000, Tunisia
| | - Lotfi Gaha
- Department of Psychiatry, Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital of Monastir, Monastir 5000, Tunisia
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Huang X, Zhou Y, Yang R, Li D, Hu J, Xue Y, Wan Y, Fang J, Zhang S. Moderating role of mental health literacy on the relationship between bullying victimization during the life course and symptoms of anxiety and depression in Chinese college students. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:1459. [PMID: 37525159 PMCID: PMC10388468 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-16326-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to persistent bullying victimization across multiple periods results in a high risk of worse consequences. Although amples studies support the association between bullying victimization and symptoms of anxiety and depression, whether mental health literacy can serve as a moderator on this relationship remains unknown. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the patterns of bullying victimization across the life course, and disentangle the moderating effect of mental health literacy between bullying victimization patterns and symptoms of anxiety and depression in Chinese college students. METHODS A total of 4036 college students were enrolled by cluster sampling from November 2020 to January 2021. Bullying victimization, mental health literacy, and symptoms of anxiety and depression were measured by self-report validated questionnaires. A latent class analysis was applied to identify bullying patterns. The PROCESS program was conducted to analyze whether mental health literacy moderates the link between bullying victimization patterns and symptoms of anxiety and depression. RESULTS Three latent patterns of bullying victimization were identified as follows: persistent bullying pattern (6.2%), moderate bullying pattern (10.5%), and low bullying pattern (83.3%). Logisitic regression analysis of anxiety and depressive symptoms indicated that compared with low bullying pattern, persistent bullying pattern had the highest risk. Specifically, mental health literacy moderated the association between bullying victimization pattern and anxiety symptoms (B = -0.039, P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS It is important for practitioners to examine bullying victimization across the life course concurrently rather than a single period in isolation. Interventions and research should enhance mental health literacy to improve the mental health in college students with a history of bullying victimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuexue Huang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81Th Meishan Road, Hefei, 230601, Anhui Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Zhou
- Department of Psychology, Anhui Medical College, 632Th Furong Road, Hefei, 230601, Anhui Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Rong Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81Th Meishan Road, Hefei, 230601, Anhui Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Danlin Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81Th Meishan Road, Hefei, 230601, Anhui Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Hu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81Th Meishan Road, Hefei, 230601, Anhui Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanni Xue
- MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81Th Meishan Road, Hefei, 230601, Anhui Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuhui Wan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81Th Meishan Road, Hefei, 230601, Anhui Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Fang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81Th Meishan Road, Hefei, 230601, Anhui Province, People's Republic of China.
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Sojo University, Ikeda 4-22-1, Kumamoto, 860-0082, Japan.
- School of Public Health and Health Management, Anhui Medical College, 632Th Furong Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shichen Zhang
- School of Public Health and Health Management, Anhui Medical College, 632Th Furong Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, People's Republic of China.
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Manana M, Ntuli ST, Mokwena K, Maaga K. Prevalence and Risk Factors for Anxiety Symptoms among Student Nurses in Gauteng Province of South Africa. Behav Sci (Basel) 2023; 13:630. [PMID: 37622771 PMCID: PMC10452000 DOI: 10.3390/bs13080630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Globally, mental disorders are common among nursing students; therefore, effective prevention and early detection are urgently needed. However, the prevalence rate of anxiety symptoms has not been investigated in South African nursing colleges. Aim: The study aimed to assess the prevalence of anxiety symptoms and their sociodemographic risk factors among nursing students in Gauteng province, South Africa. Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted at Chris Hani Baragwanath and SG Lourens nursing colleges in the first week of June 2022. A purposeful sampling technique selected the third- and fourth-year nursing students aged ≥ 18 years registered at the two nursing colleges. The seven-item Generalised Anxiety Disorder scale was used to assess anxiety symptoms. Results: The prevalence of anxiety symptoms was 74.7% (95% confidence interval: 69.9-78.9). Being a student at nursing college B, being in the fourth academic year of study and use of substances were identified as predictors of anxiety symptoms in these nursing students. Conclusions: The prevalence of anxiety symptoms in this study is relatively high, with predictors of developing anxiety being a student at nursing college B, in the fourth academic year and current use of psychoactive substances were predictors of anxiety symptoms. These findings highlight the need to develop interventions and strategies to promote mental health assessments and management to prevent and reduce the problem of mental disorders among nursing students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maleke Manana
- Department of Public Health, School of Health Care Sciences, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Pretoria 0204, South Africa (K.M.)
| | - Sam Thembelihle Ntuli
- Department of Statistical Sciences, School of Science and Technology, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Pretoria 0204, South Africa
| | - Kebogile Mokwena
- Department of Public Health, School of Health Care Sciences, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Pretoria 0204, South Africa (K.M.)
| | - Kgomotso Maaga
- Department of Public Health, School of Health Care Sciences, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Pretoria 0204, South Africa (K.M.)
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Ahmed I, Hazell CM, Edwards B, Glazebrook C, Davies EB. A systematic review and meta-analysis of studies exploring prevalence of non-specific anxiety in undergraduate university students. BMC Psychiatry 2023; 23:240. [PMID: 37041470 PMCID: PMC10088287 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-04645-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anxiety is a common mental health problem in the general population, and is associated with functional impairment and negative impacts upon quality of life. There has been increased concern about university students' mental health in recent years, with a wide range of non-specific anxiety rates reported worldwide in undergraduate university students. We aimed to explore prevalence of non-specific anxiety in undergraduate university student populations. METHODS Four databases were searched to identify studies published between 1980 and 2020 which investigated prevalence of non-specific anxiety in undergraduate university students. Each study's quality was appraised using a checklist. Sub-analyses were undertaken reflecting outcome measure utilized, course of study, location of study, and whether study was before or during the COVID-19 pandemic. RESULTS A total of 89 studies - representing approx. 130,090 students-met inclusion criteria. Eighty-three were included in meta-analysis, calculating a weighted mean prevalence of 39.65% (95% CI: 35.72%-43.58%) for non-specific anxiety. Prevalence from diagnostic interview studies ranged from 0.3%-20.8% 12-month prevalence. Prevalence varied by outcome measure used to assess non-specific anxiety, the type of course studied by sample, and by study location. In half the studies, being female was associated with being more likely to have higher non-specific anxiety scores and/or screening above thresholds. Few of the included studies met all quality appraisal criteria. CONCLUSION The results suggest that approximately a third of undergraduate students are experiencing elevated levels of non-specific anxiety. Results from sub-analyses have identified some methodological issues that need consideration in appraising prevalence in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irtiqa Ahmed
- School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Cassie M Hazell
- Department of Psychological Interventions, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK.
| | - Bethany Edwards
- School of Social Sciences and Humanities, University of Westminster, London, UK
| | - Cris Glazebrook
- Clinical Neurosciences and Mental Health, School of Medicine, Institute of Mental Health, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - E Bethan Davies
- Clinical Neurosciences and Mental Health, School of Medicine, Institute of Mental Health, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
- NIHR MindTech MedTech Co-Operative, Institute of Mental Health, School of Medicine, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
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Piscoya-Tenorio JL, Heredia-Rioja WV, Morocho-Alburqueque N, Zeña-Ñañez S, Hernández-Yépez PJ, Díaz-Vélez C, Failoc-Rojas VE, Valladares-Garrido MJ. Prevalence and Factors Associated with Anxiety and Depression in Peruvian Medical Students. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:2907. [PMID: 36833604 PMCID: PMC9956895 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20042907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
During medical training, students are exposed to stressors that deteriorate mental health. This study determined depression and anxiety prevalence and their associated factors in students from four medical schools in northern Peru. A cross-sectional study was conducted among medical students from Lambayeque, Peru. The Goldberg Anxiety and Zung Depression tests were applied. The dependent variables were depression and anxiety, and their association with covariates (age, sex, type of university, socioeconomic level, experience, family problem, and physical activity) was evaluated. Prevalence ratios were calculated using generalized linear models. Of 482 students, the prevalence of anxiety was 61.8% and depression was 22.0%. A severe level of anxiety was observed in 6.2% in the group between 16 and 20 years old. It was observed that private university students had higher frequencies of having depression (PR = 2.01) and anxiety (PR = 1.35); males had a lower risk of anxiety (PR = 0.82), but higher risk of depression compared to females (PR = 1.45). Performing physical activity decreased the prevalence of depression (PR = 0.53); however, it increased the frequency of anxiety (PR = 1.26). Having family problems increased the prevalence of anxiety (PR = 1.26). Medical students from private universities experienced higher rates of depression and anxiety. Depression and anxiety were associated with gender and physical activity. These findings highlight the importance of mental health promotion due to its link with quality of life and academic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Noelia Morocho-Alburqueque
- Sociedad Científica de Estudiantes de Medicina de la Universidad Nacional de Piura (SOCIEMUNP), Piura 20007, Peru
| | | | - Palmer J. Hernández-Yépez
- South American Center for Education and Research in Public Health, Universidad Norbert Wiener, Lima 15046, Peru
| | - Cristian Díaz-Vélez
- School of Medicine, Universidad Privada Antenor Orrego, Trujillo 13008, Peru
- Hospital Nacional Almanzor Aguinaga Asenjo, EsSalud, Chiclayo 14001, Peru
| | - Virgilo E. Failoc-Rojas
- Unidad de Investigación para Generación y Síntesis de Evidencia en Salud, Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola, Lima 15024, Peru
| | - Mario J. Valladares-Garrido
- South American Center for Education and Research in Public Health, Universidad Norbert Wiener, Lima 15046, Peru
- Oficina de Epidemiología, Hospital Regional Lambayeque, Chiclayo 14012, Peru
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Medical students’ knowledge of the disease, frequency of depression, anxiety, stress symptoms, and related factors in the COVID-19 pandemic: A web-based questionnaire. MARMARA MEDICAL JOURNAL 2023. [DOI: 10.5472/marumj.1244747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Objective: In this study, it was aimed to determine the level of knowledge of medical students about coronavirus disease 2019
(COVID-19), to investigate the frequency of depression, anxiety, stress symptoms and related factors.
Materials and Methods: The study is a cross-sectional study conducted with 904 volunteer medical students. Data were collected
with an online questionnaire, including sociodemographic characteristics, knowledge about COVID-19, the Depression, Anxiety, and
Stress Scale.
Results: Mean age was 21.3±2.2 years, and 54% of them (n=488) were female. Fifty five percent (n=497) thought that their level
of knowledge about COVID-19 was sufficient, and 94.6% (n=846) were concerned about the disruption of their education. Their
knowledge level was found to be 15.09±2.43 points out of 23 points. The depression, anxiety and stress symptoms were found in
64.9%, 70.4% and 34.1% of participants, respectively. The risk of anxiety (OR=0.51, 95%CI=0.94, p=0.020) and depression (OR=0.95,
95%CI=1.15, p=0.025) were higher in women. Those with a high fear of transmitting the COVID-19 infection to their relatives had
higher symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress. (p
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Lurita-Córdova P, Ladera-Castañeda M, Santander-Rengifo F, López-Gurreonero C, Cornejo-Pinto A, Cervantes-Ganoza L, Castro Pérez-Vargas A, Cayo-Rojas C. Sociodemographic factors associated with the level of knowledge about management of epileptic patients in Peruvian dental students: a cross-sectional study under a multivariable analysis. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:51. [PMID: 36717821 PMCID: PMC9885401 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-02745-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disease that could indirectly affect oral health, and it is necessary for dentists to be familiar with the specific needs of patients with epilepsy. Therefore, aim of the present study was to assess the factors associated with the level of knowledge about management of epileptic patients in Peruvian dental students. METHODS This analytical, observational, cross-sectional and prospective study assessed 312 dental students from a Peruvian university during February to April 2022. A validated questionnaire of 20 closed multiple-choice questions was used to measure the level of knowledge about dental management in epileptic patients. A logit model was used to assess the influence of variables: gender, age, year of study, marital status, place of origin and area of residence, with the level of knowledge in dental students considering a significance level of p < 0.05. RESULTS Of the total, 28.8%, 36.2% and 34.9% had a poor, fair and good level of knowledge, respectively, about the dental treatment of epileptic patients. On the other hand, it was observed that being a woman (OR = 0.44, CI 0.26-0.75) and being a third year student (OR = 0.39, CI 0.21-0.74) and fourth year student (OR = 0.43, CI 0.23-0.89) constituted a protective factor against poor knowledge about the dental management of epileptic patients, while being from the capital city constituted a risk factor. Finally, age, marital status and the students' area of residence were not considered influential factors (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION Most of the students showed a poor and fair level of knowledge about the dental management of epileptic patients, with gender, academic year and place of origin being influential factors. It is advisable that authorities and teachers in the dental profession organize recurrent training programs on the care of patients with chronic diseases requiring special attention, since knowing general concepts, pharmacological management and dental care of epileptic patients will allow future dentists to develop competencies to improve and implement good quality care protocols for this group of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Lurita-Córdova
- grid.441740.20000 0004 0542 2122School of Stomatology, Universidad Privada San Juan Bautista, Av. Jose Antonio Lavalle Avenue s/n (Ex Hacienda Villa), Chorrillos, Lima Peru
| | - Marysela Ladera-Castañeda
- grid.441953.e0000 0001 2097 5129“Grupo de Investigación Salud y Bienestar Global”, Faculty of Dentistry and Postgraduate School, Universidad Nacional Federico Villarreal, Lima, Peru
| | - Flor Santander-Rengifo
- grid.441917.e0000 0001 2196 144XAcademic Program of Dentistry, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, Peru
| | - Carlos López-Gurreonero
- grid.430666.10000 0000 9972 9272School of Stomatology, Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima, Peru
| | - Alberto Cornejo-Pinto
- grid.441740.20000 0004 0542 2122School of Stomatology, Universidad Privada San Juan Bautista, Av. Jose Antonio Lavalle Avenue s/n (Ex Hacienda Villa), Chorrillos, Lima Peru ,grid.441953.e0000 0001 2097 5129“Grupo de Investigación Salud y Bienestar Global”, Faculty of Dentistry and Postgraduate School, Universidad Nacional Federico Villarreal, Lima, Peru
| | - Luis Cervantes-Ganoza
- grid.441833.90000 0004 0542 1066Faculty of Stomatology, Universidad Inca Garcilaso de la Vega, Lima, Peru
| | - Antonieta Castro Pérez-Vargas
- grid.441953.e0000 0001 2097 5129“Grupo de Investigación Salud y Bienestar Global”, Faculty of Dentistry and Postgraduate School, Universidad Nacional Federico Villarreal, Lima, Peru
| | - César Cayo-Rojas
- School of Stomatology, Universidad Privada San Juan Bautista, Av. Jose Antonio Lavalle Avenue s/n (Ex Hacienda Villa), Chorrillos, Lima, Peru.
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Zeng Y, Zhang J, Wei J, Li S. The Impact of Undergraduates' Social Isolation on Smartphone Addiction: The Roles of Academic Anxiety and Social Media Use. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:15903. [PMID: 36497974 PMCID: PMC9738847 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192315903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has an adverse effect on the physical health of societies and individuals. One important concern is the effect of social isolation on the mental health of undergraduates, such as academic anxiety, smartphone addiction and other social psychological problems. The purpose of this study was to investigate associations among undergraduates' social isolation in this special context, social media use for obtaining information about the COVID-19 pandemic (i.e., communicative and non-communicative), academic anxiety, and smartphone addiction. A cross-sectional survey was conducted from May to June in 2022 and a total of 388 undergraduates were included. The results showed significant positive associations between social isolation and smartphone addiction and academic anxiety. Furthermore, academic anxiety played a mediating role in the effect of social isolation on smartphone addiction, which was moderated by non-communicative social media use. Some theoretical and practical implications as well as research limitations are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youlai Zeng
- School of Education, Liaoning Normal University, 850 Huanghe Road, Dalian 116029, China
| | - Jiahui Zhang
- School of Education, Liaoning Normal University, 850 Huanghe Road, Dalian 116029, China
| | - Jiaxin Wei
- School of Education, Liaoning Normal University, 850 Huanghe Road, Dalian 116029, China
| | - Shunyu Li
- Center for Teacher Education Research in Xinjiang, Xinjiang Normal University, 100 Guanjing Road, Urumqi 830017, China
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Ghanim M, Rabayaa M, Atout S, Al-Othman N, Alqub M. Prevalence of anxiety and depression among Palestinian university students: a cross-sectional study during COVID-19 pandemic. MIDDLE EAST CURRENT PSYCHIATRY 2022. [PMCID: PMC9483326 DOI: 10.1186/s43045-022-00238-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Anxiety and depression are more common among university students than in the general population. It is reported internationally that the COVID-19 pandemic increased the prevalence of anxiety and depression among students. This study aimed to measure the prevalence of anxiety and depression among university students in Palestine and to explore the association between anxiety and depression during the COVID-19 pandemic. A cross-sectional questionnaire-based descriptive study was carried out on university students. The Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7) and the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression (CES-D) scale were used to evaluate anxiety and depression, respectively. Chi-square was used to evaluate the risk factors associated with the levels of anxiety and depression. The association between anxiety and depression was evaluated using Pearson correlation. Results A total of 1049 students were enrolled in the study. The prevalence of depression among them was 55.8%, 26.4%, and 9.8% for severe, moderate, and mild depression, respectively. Depression symptoms were significantly variable based on students’ field and year of study, sleeping period, smoking, and food source. The prevalence of anxiety was 16.1%, 30.7%, and 36.1% for severe, moderate, and mild anxiety, respectively. Anxiety symptoms were significantly variable based on students’ gender, year of study, sleeping period, smoking, and place of residence. A strong positive correlation was observed between the CES-D and GAD-7 scores (R = 0.707). Conclusion Palestinian university students suffer from elevated levels of anxiety and depression during the COVID-19 pandemic. This necessitates the need for strategies by stakeholders to take immediate and appropriate interventions.
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Baranauskas M, Kupčiūnaitė I, Stukas R. Mental Health and Physical Activity of Female Higher Education Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Comparative Cross-Sectional Study from Lithuania. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:9725. [PMID: 35955080 PMCID: PMC9367914 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19159725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
During emerging adulthood (EA), higher education medical students undergo a higher risk of anxiety and depression compared to the general population. The aim of this comparative cross-sectional study was to compare the proportions of three mental disorders, namely anxiety, depression and somatisation in terms of their symptoms and self-reported physical activity (PA) levels across the cohorts of biomedical and non-biomedical female students as well as to assess the association between the mental health outcomes and PA use. Between September 2021 and January 2022, a total of 1231 female higher education students aged between 18 and 29 years old were recruited for the study. Severe symptoms of anxiety and depression, as well as unexplained somatic complaints, were suffered by 51.9%, 11% and 23% of female students, respectively. Non-biomedical female students, compared to medicine and health sciences students, were more vulnerable due to the increased prevalence of negative mental health outcomes. The relationship between increased sports activity as a potential trigger for mental well-being and decreased severity of depressive symptoms was identified in the cohorts of both biomedical (adjusted odd ratio (ORadj) 0.4; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.1-1.0) and non-biomedical (ORadj 0.4; 95% CI: 0.2-0.9) female students. The current research highlights the importance of increasing sports activity by involving students in regular physical exercise of specific types for decreasing the severity of depressive symptoms in student-aged female populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marius Baranauskas
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Panevėžys University of Applied Sciences, 35200 Panevėžys, Lithuania
| | - Ingrida Kupčiūnaitė
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Panevėžys University of Applied Sciences, 35200 Panevėžys, Lithuania
| | - Rimantas Stukas
- Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health, Vilnius University, 01513 Vilnius, Lithuania
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15
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Shawahna R, Maqboul I, Ahmad O, Al-Issawy A, Abed B. Prevalence of burnout syndrome among unmatched trainees and residents in surgical and nonsurgical specialties: a cross-sectional study from different training centers in Palestine. BMC MEDICAL EDUCATION 2022; 22:322. [PMID: 35473599 PMCID: PMC9041277 DOI: 10.1186/s12909-022-03386-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Burnout is a psychological syndrome that involves physical, mental, and emotional exhaustion. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of burnout among unmatched trainees and residents in surgical and nonsurgical specialties in Palestine. Additionally, this study also sought to identify the associated variables and predictors of higher burnout scores. METHODS This study was conducted in a cross-sectional design using a questionnaire in the period between October 2020 and March 2021. The questionnaire collected sociodemographic characteristics of the residents and trainees in 18 different training centers/hospitals. The Copenhagen Burnout Inventory was used to determine burnout among the residents and trainees. Pearson's correlations, analysis of variance, Student's t-test, and multiple linear regressions were used to analyze the data. RESULTS The study tool was completed by 250 residents and trainees in surgical and nonsurgical specialties (response rate = 83.3%). Of all participants, 203 (81.2%) reported a moderate-severe degree of burnout in the personal domain, 188 (75.2%) reported a moderate-severe degree of burnout in the work-related domain, and 97 (38.8%) reported moderate-severe degree of burnout in the client-related domain. There was a moderate and positive correlation between personal and work-related burnout scores (Pearson's r = 0.69, p-value < 0.001), and client-related burnout scores (Pearson's r = 0.52, p-value < 0.001). Similarly, there was a moderate and positive correlation between work-related and client-related burnout scores (Pearson's r = 0.57, p-value < 0.001). The multiple linear regression model showed that higher burnout scores were predicted by being married, not having another paid employment, inability to financially support oneself, frequent consumption of tea/coffee, dissatisfied with the training/job, thinking to change the profession, and long working hours. CONCLUSION The findings of this study indicated that burnout was highly prevalent among residents and trainees in surgical and nonsurgical specialties in Palestine. Decision-makers in healthcare authorities, hospital managers, professional groups, directors of residency programs, and educators/trainers should consider addressing burnout and improving the well-being of residents and trainees in surgical and nonsurgical specialties in Palestine. Future studies are still needed to determine which interventions could be effective in reducing burnout among residents and trainees in surgical and nonsurgical specialties in Palestine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramzi Shawahna
- Department of Physiology, Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine.
- An-Najah BioSciences Unit, Centre for Poisons Control, Chemical and Biological Analyses, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine.
| | - Iyad Maqboul
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, P.O. Box 7, Nablus, Palestine.
- An-Najah National University Hospital, Nablus, Palestine.
| | - Ola Ahmad
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, P.O. Box 7, Nablus, Palestine
| | - Afnan Al-Issawy
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, P.O. Box 7, Nablus, Palestine
| | - Batoul Abed
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, P.O. Box 7, Nablus, Palestine
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Garg S, Chauhan A, Sharma D, Sharma A, Singh S. Coping styles to vitiate the risk of psychological morbidities among pre/para-clinical and clinical undergraduate medical students: a comparative cross-sectional study in India. MIDDLE EAST CURRENT PSYCHIATRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1186/s43045-022-00196-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Psychological morbidities are high among undergraduate medical students. They experience the transition between pre/para-clinical and clinical training as a stressful period and cope differently. Research from India in this regard are lacking. The aim of this study is to assess and compare the prevalence of psychological morbidities, associated factors and coping styles between pre/para-clinical and clinical undergraduate medical students. This institution-based cross-sectional observational design study was conducted among pre/para-clinical and clinical group of undergraduate medical students (a total of 382) by using a questionnaire in the period between April and June 2021. Stratified random sampling technique was used to select the study participants. The survey included standard self-administered questionnaires like GHQ-28 and Lin-Chen’s coping inventory to assess psychological morbidities and coping styles, respectively. Associated factors for psychological morbidities, and coping styles between two groups, were compared using chi-square test, independent t-test and binary logistic regression analysis.
Results
Out of the 382 responders, psychological morbidities (GHQ-28 score > 23) were found in 61% participants. Both groups reported high level, a slightly higher preponderance in clinical (61.5%) than pre/para-clinical students (60.6%) and with nonsignificant difference of psychological morbidities. Compared to pre/para-clinical group, clinical group was found to have more substance consumption behavior (p < 0.001), dissatisfaction with academic performance (p < 0.001), sought psychiatric consultation (p < 0.004) and currently on psychiatric treatment (p < 0.04). Overall, coping was found to be average and good among the participants. Active problem coping behavior was more significantly used by pre/para-clinical group, while passive problem coping and passive emotional coping behaviors were positively significantly correlated with psychological morbidities in clinical group.
Conclusions
This study established a significant correlation between psychological morbidities and passive coping styles in clinical group. These students need interventions to encourage the use of more active coping styles during the training to provide advances in future career. A strong correlation with dissatisfied academic performance may be a call for an efficient and more student-friendly curriculum.
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17
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Rotondo E, Riva A, Graziosi A, Pellegrino N, Di Battista C, Di Stefano V, Striano P. Non-pharmacological treatments for pediatric refractory epilepsies. Expert Rev Neurother 2022; 22:337-349. [PMID: 35320056 DOI: 10.1080/14737175.2022.2057847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Antiseizure medications (ASMs) are the primary treatment option for epilepsies of wide etiologies, however, about 10-20% of children do not gain sustained seizure control and in this case, it is worth investigating "alternative" therapeutic approaches aside from ASMs. Nowadays, non-pharmacological strategies for epilepsy treatment encompass dietary interventions, neurostimulation-based techniques, and biobehavioral approaches. AREAS COVERED A search on PubMed database was conducted. Experimental and clinical studies, as well as meta-analysis and structured reviews on the latest non-pharmacological treatments for drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE) in children, were included. Special attention is given to the efficacy and tolerability outcomes, trying to infer the role novel approaches may have in the future. EXPERT OPINION The large heterogeneity of primary clinical outcomes and the unavoidable subjective response of each patient to treatments prevents Researchers from the identification of a single, reliable, approach to treat DRE. The understanding of fine pathophysiologic processes is giving the way to the use of alternative therapies, such as the well-known ketogenic diet, in a "personalized" view of treatment. The goal is to apply the non-pharmacological treatment most suitable for the patient's sake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Rotondo
- Division of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Ciri Hospital, ASL TO4, Ciri, Torino, Italy
| | - Antonella Riva
- Paeditric Neurology and Muscular Disease Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy.,Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, Università degli Studi di Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Alessandro Graziosi
- Department of Neuroscience Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University G. D'Annunzio, Chieti, Italy
| | - Noemi Pellegrino
- Department of Neonatology, National Maternity Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Vincenzo Di Stefano
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and advanced Diagnostic (BIND), University of Palermo, Italy
| | - Pasquale Striano
- Paeditric Neurology and Muscular Disease Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy.,Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, Università degli Studi di Genova, Genova, Italy
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Garg S, Chauhan A. Psychological Morbidities and Coping Styles: A Rural Institution-Based Cross-Sectional Comparative Study between Undergraduate Medical Students Undergoing Different Phases of Training. ANNALS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES (INDIA) 2022. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1743138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background Psychological morbidities are high among undergraduate medical students. They experience the transition between pre-/para-clinical and clinical training as a stressful period, and cope differently. Research studies from India in this regard are lacking.
Aims The aim of this study is to assess and compare the prevalence of psychological morbidities and their respective associated factors and coping styles between pre-/para-clinical and clinical undergraduate medical students.
Materials and Methods This institution-based cross-sectional observational design study was conducted among undergraduate medical students (a total of 382) in pre-/para-clinical and clinical years by using a questionnaire in the period between April and June 2019. A stratified random sampling technique was used to select the study participants. The survey included standard self-administered questionnaires like General Health Questionnaire-28 (GHQ-28) and Lin–Chen's coping inventory to assess psychological morbidities and coping styles, respectively. Associated factors for psychological morbidities and coping styles between two groups were compared using the Chi-square test, independent t-test, and binary logistic regression analysis.
Results Out of the 382 responders, psychological morbidities (GHQ-28 score > 23) were found in 61% participants. Both groups reported high levels of psychological morbidities; a slightly higher preponderance in clinical (61.5%) than in pre-/para-clinical students (60.6%) with a nonsignificant difference. Compared with the pre-/para-clinical group, the clinical group was found to have more substance consumption behavior (p < 0.001), dissatisfaction with academic performance (p < 0.001), sought psychiatric consultation (p < 0.004), and at that time on psychiatric treatment (p < 0.04). Active problem coping behavior was more significantly used by the pre-/para-clinical group, while passive problem coping and passive emotional coping behaviors were positively significantly correlated with psychological morbidities in the clinical group.
Conclusion This study suggests a significant correlation between psychological morbidities and passive coping styles in the clinical group. These students need interventions to encourage the use of more active coping styles during training to provide advances in future career. A strong correlation between psychological morbidities and dissatisfied academic performance may be a call for an efficient and more student-friendly curriculum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunny Garg
- Department of Psychiatry, Bhagat Phool Singh Government Medical College for Women, Khanpur Kalan, Sonipat, Haryana, India
| | - Alka Chauhan
- Department of Psychiatry, Bhagat Phool Singh Government Medical College for Women, Khanpur Kalan, Sonipat, Haryana, India
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Garg S, Lamba S, Rawal M, Singh S, Kumar L, Bansal K. Comparison of prevalence of psychological morbidities, associated factors, and coping styles between pre/para-clinical and clinical undergraduate medical students: A rural institution-based cross-sectional study in a northern state of india. MEDICAL JOURNAL OF BABYLON 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/mjbl.mjbl_105_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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20
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Safarini OA, Taya H, Abu Elhija Y, Qadous M, Farhoud A, Thabaleh A, Khayyat A, Nazzal Z, Abuhassan AM, Ghanim N, Mahamid F, Al Ali R, Damiri B. Assessment of the Relationship of Depression With Tobacco and Caffeine Use Among University Students: A Cross-Sectional Study. Cureus 2021; 13:e19098. [PMID: 34868751 PMCID: PMC8627153 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.19098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background University students are at a higher risk of using cognitive enhancers and psychoactive substances. Depression is associated with a noticeable decline in academic performance and can increase the risk of substance use. Due to sociopolitical issues, the use of cognitive enhancers and psychoactive substances among Palestinians has spread in the last decade. However, depression among tobacco and caffeine users remains underrecognized and neglected. Methodology A self-administrated questionnaire and the Beck Depression Inventory were used to assess the association of depression and the use of cognitive enhancers and psychoactive substances among university students at An-Najah National University in 2020. Results The response rate to the questionnaires was 78.8% (n = 1,051; 38.8% males, 61.2% females). The overall prevalence of depression was high (30.6% males, 34.7% females). The prevalence of cigarette smoking (39.2% males, 3.9% females), waterpipe smoking (43.1% males, 21.6% females), energy drink consumption (59.6% males, 29.7% females), coffee consumption (85.5% for each gender), tea consumption, and chocolate consumption was high, with significant differences in accordance to gender and academic fields. The multinomial logistic regression results revealed that cigarette smokers were more likely to have a higher risk of severe (odds ratio [OR] = 4.5, p = 0.001), moderate (OR = 3.27, p < 0.001), and mild depression (OR = 2.24, p = 0.002) than non-smokers. Severe depression was less prevalent among medical students than health sciences and non-medical students (OR = 0.215, p = 0.015). Moreover, males were less likely to have moderate (OR = 0.5, p = 0.012) and mild (OR = 0.48, p = 0.001) depression than females. Conclusions Overall, the results of this study revealed the high prevalence of depression and the detrimental effects of smoking on students. Moreover, the findings suggest the urgent need to address depression and risk factors among Palestinian university students by educating them about mental health, identifying high-risk students, and offering easily accessible psychological help. Further, it is crucial to broaden the focus of studies to include students from various academic fields instead of focusing on medical students.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Marah Qadous
- Medicine, An-Najah National University, Nablus, PSE
| | | | | | | | - Zaher Nazzal
- Community and Family Medicine, An-Najah National University, Nablus, PSE
| | | | - Nesma Ghanim
- Medicine, An-Najah National University, Nablus, PSE
| | - Fayez Mahamid
- Clinical Psychology, An-Najah National University, Nablus, PSE
| | - Rayyan Al Ali
- Forensic Medicine, An-Najah National University, Nablus, PSE
| | - Basma Damiri
- Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, PSE
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21
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El-Khodary B, Alshawamreh S, Salah MA, Hamada A, Alhendawi B, Alhabil M, Alemour Y, Zaqout H, Wadi EA. The relationship between stress, trait emotional intelligence and mental health amongst Gaza’s basic-year medical students during the COVID-19 outbreak. MIDDLE EAST CURRENT PSYCHIATRY 2021. [PMCID: PMC8488321 DOI: 10.1186/s43045-021-00146-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study investigates the relationship between exposure to stress, trait emotional intelligence (trait EI) and mental health problems (anxiety and depression symptoms) amongst basic-year medical students during COVID-19. The sample consists of 379 basic-year medical students. Off them, 160 (42.4%) were male and 218 (57.5%) were female. The following measures were used in the study: The Medical Student Stressor Questionnaire (MSSQ), Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire—Short Form (TEIQue-ASF), The anxiety symptoms scale and the depression scale. Results The majority of students reported high to severe level ARS and mild to moderate DRS. Female students showed higher levels of ARS, TLRS, SRS, GARS and anxiety symptoms compared to male ones. Moreover, students with higher levels of academic performance reported lower levels of ARS and DRS, higher levels of trait EI and lower levels of anxiety and depression symptoms. In addition, trait EI has a significant negative association with anxiety and depression symptoms and stress domains (ARS, IRS, TLRS, SRS, DRS, GARS) and total stress. Finally, stress domains are positively correlated with anxiety and depression symptoms. Conclusion Basic-year medical students in the Gaza Strip are exposed to stressful events which aggravate the effect of exposure and cause higher levels of anxiety and depression symptoms.
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22
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Huang X, Wang X, Hu J, Xue Y, Wei Y, Wan Y, Song X, Wang R, Zhang B, Fang J, Zhang S. Inadequate Mental Health Literacy and Insufficient Physical Activity Potentially Increase the Risks of Anxiety and Depressive Symptoms in Chinese College Students. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:753695. [PMID: 34867541 PMCID: PMC8637166 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.753695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: The present study aimed to examine the interactive associations between physical activity and mental health literacy with anxiety and depressive symptoms in Chinese college students. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from May to July 2020. A total of 7,512 students were recruited from two medical colleges in Hefei and Anqing city in Anhui Province, China. Physical activity, mental health literacy, anxiety and depressive symptoms were measured by self-reported validated instruments. Analyses were conducted with logistic regression models. Results: The prevalence of anxiety and depressive symptoms was 8.6% and 16.4%, respectively. Insufficient physical activity was significantly associated with depressive symptoms (OR = 1.359, 95%CI 1.184-1.561) and anxiety symptoms (OR = 1.492, 95%CI: 1.237-1.799). Inadequate mental health literacy was significantly associated with depressive symptoms (OR = 3.089, 95%CI: 2.607-3.662) and anxiety symptoms (OR = 3.675, 95%CI: 2.861-4.721). Low physical activity rank (OR = 1.438, 95%CI: 1.151-1.798) was significantly related with depressive symptoms but not anxiety symptoms. The students who had inadequate mental health literacy and insufficient physical activity had the highest risks of depressive symptoms (OR = 5.049, 95% CI: 3.649-6.987) and anxiety symptoms (OR = 5.270, 95% CI: 3.338-8.321). Conclusion: These finding indicated that Chinese college students having insufficient physical activity and inadequate mental health literacy are at risk of exhibiting anxiety and depressive symptoms. Early intervention programs for college students with mental health problems should be considered to enhance their mental health literacy and to increase their physical activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuexue Huang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xiaoqing Wang
- Department of Pathology, Anhui Medical College, Hefei, China
| | - Jie Hu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yanni Xue
- MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yanyan Wei
- Department of Infectious Disease, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yuhui Wan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xianbing Song
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Anhui Medical College, Hefei, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Information Technology Office, Anqing Medical College, Anqing, China
| | - Bao Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Department of Clinical Nutriology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jun Fang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Department of Laboratory of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Sojo University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Shichen Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Management, Anhui Medical College, Hefei, China
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Shawahna R, Hijaz H, Jallad K, Abushamma M, Sawafta M. Prevalence of overactive bladder symptoms and their impact on health-related quality of life of medical and dentistry students: a multicenter cross-sectional study. BMC Urol 2021; 21:142. [PMID: 34625087 PMCID: PMC8497683 DOI: 10.1186/s12894-021-00909-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Overactive bladder (OAB) is a popular distressing health condition that has negative impact on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of the inflicted individuals. This multicenter study was conducted to determine the prevalence of OAB symptoms and their impact on the HRQoL of medical and dentistry students. Methods This study was conducted in a cross-sectional design in the 3 main universities in Palestine. In addition to the sociodemographic, health, and academic characteristics of the medical and dentistry students, the questionnaire also contained the OAB symptom bother (6-items) and HRQoL (13-items) Short-Form (OAB-q SF) scales. Kruskal–Wallis test, Mann–Whitney U test, Pearson Chi-Square/Fisher's Exact Test, Spearman’s rank correlations, and a multiple linear regression model were used to analyze the data. Results Responses were collected from medical and dentistry students (n = 402). The median OAB symptom bother score was 54.1 [44.8, 81.9] and the median HRQoL score was 94.4 [88.4, 94.4]. There was a strong negative correlation between the OAB and HRQoL scores (Spearman’s rho = 64.4%, p value < 0.001). OAB scores were significantly higher among dentistry students, females, who had chronic disease, and those who reported stressful life. HRQoL scores were significantly higher among medicine students, those who reported less stressful life, and those who reported satisfaction with their social life. Dentistry students, female, and those who self-reported high stress were 1.94-fold (95% CI 1.05, 3.56), 1.91-fold (95% CI 1.16, 3.14), and 1.88-fold (95% CI 1.21, 2.91) more likely to report less than optimal HRQoL compared to medicine students, male, and those who self-reported low stress, respectively. Conclusions Our findings suggested that OAB symptoms were prevalent among medical and dentistry students across Palestinian universities. Decision makers in academia, healthcare authorities, and advocacy groups might need to design appropriate interventions to address health and wellbeing issues of medical and dentistry students. Using appropriate diagnostic procedures, reducing stress, and improving the social life might help in reducing the burden on OAB and improve the HRQoL of medical and dentistry students. More investigations should be conducted to investigate if such interventions are effective in reducing OAB symptoms and improving HRQoL. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12894-021-00909-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramzi Shawahna
- Department of Physiology, Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, New Campus, Building: 19, Office: 1340, P.O. Box 7, Nablus, Palestine. .,An-Najah BioSciences Unit, Centre for Poison Control, Chemical and Biological Analysis, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine.
| | - Hatim Hijaz
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine.,An-Najah National University Hospital, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
| | - Khaled Jallad
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
| | - Mohammad Abushamma
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
| | - Mothana Sawafta
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
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24
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Shawahna R. Knowledge, attitude, and use of protective measures against COVID-19 among nurses: a questionnaire-based multicenter cross-sectional study. BMC Nurs 2021; 20:163. [PMID: 34493274 PMCID: PMC8422377 DOI: 10.1186/s12912-021-00689-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background During this pandemic, nurses have always been on the frontline and are probably the first healthcare providers to interact with patients presenting with symptoms of COVID-19. The main aim of this multicenter study was to assess knowledge, attitude, and use of protective measures against COVID-19 among nurses across the Occupied Palestinian Territory (oPt) during the ongoing pandemic. Methods This was a questionnaire-based multicenter cross-sectional study that was conducted in the period between October 2020 to December 2020. The study tool tested knowledge (8-item), attitude (2-item), and use of protective measures against COVID-19 (3-item) among nurses. Associations between nurses’ characteristics and their knowledge, attitude, and use of protective measures were investigated using Student’s t-test, Analysis of Variance, and Pearson’s correlations. To control potentially confounding variables, predictors of higher knowledge, attitude, and use of protective measures were identified using multiple regression analyses. Results The study tool was complete by 455 nurses. The mean of knowledge, attitude, and use of protective measures scores were 75.7% (SD:12.4%), 75.1% (SD: 17.7%), and 91.6% (SD: 18.2%), respectively. Multiple linear regression models showed that high knowledge was predicted by being female (p-value = 0.004) and self-rating social status as high (p-value = 0.005). Higher attitude was predicted by being female (p-value = 0.005), self-rating academic achievements as high (p-value = 0.007), and having contracted COVID-19 (p-value = 0.001). Higher use of protective measures was predicted by self-rating academic achievements as high (p-value = 0.010). Conclusion Findings of this study suggested that nurses in the oPt had high knowledge, relatively optimistic attitude, and appropriately used protective measures against COVID-19 during the ongoing pandemic. Knowledge, attitude, and use of protective measures among nurses should continuously be updated as information unfold during the ongoing pandemic. More efforts are still needed to ensure protection of healthcare providers including nurses from contracting COVID-19. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12912-021-00689-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramzi Shawahna
- Department of Physiology, Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Building: 19, Office: 1340, P.O. Box 7, Nablus, Palestine. .,An-Najah BioSciences Unit, Centre for Poisons Control, Chemical and Biological Analyses, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine.
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25
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Harvey SB, Epstein RM, Glozier N, Petrie K, Strudwick J, Gayed A, Dean K, Henderson M. Mental illness and suicide among physicians. Lancet 2021; 398:920-930. [PMID: 34481571 PMCID: PMC9618683 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(21)01596-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has heightened interest in how physician mental health can be protected and optimised, but uncertainty and misinformation remain about some key issues. In this Review, we discuss the current literature, which shows that despite what might be inferred during training, physicians are not immune to mental illness, with between a quarter and a third reporting increased symptoms of mental ill health. Physicians, particularly female physicians, are at an increased risk of suicide. An emerging consensus exists that some aspects of physician training, working conditions, and organisational support are unacceptable. Changes in medical training and health systems, and the additional strain of working through a pandemic, might have amplified these problems. A new evidence-informed framework for how individual and organisational interventions can be used in an integrated manner in medical schools, in health-care settings, and by professional colleagues is proposed. New initiatives are required at each of these levels, with an urgent need for organisational-level interventions, to better protect the mental health and wellbeing of physicians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel B Harvey
- Black Dog Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Randwick, NSW, Australia.
| | - Ronald M Epstein
- Center for Communication and Disparities Research, Department of Family Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Nicholas Glozier
- Sydney School of Medicine (Central Clinical School), Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Katherine Petrie
- Black Dog Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Randwick, NSW, Australia; School of Psychiatry, UNSW Medicine, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, Australia
| | - Jessica Strudwick
- Black Dog Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Aimee Gayed
- Black Dog Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Kimberlie Dean
- School of Psychiatry, UNSW Medicine, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, Australia; Justice Health and Forensic Mental Health Network, Matraville, NSW, Australia
| | - Max Henderson
- Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
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26
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Shawahna R, Nairat Q. Research productivity in the field of physical exercise and epilepsy: A bibliometric analysis of the scholarly literature with qualitative synthesis. Epilepsy Behav 2021; 121:108058. [PMID: 34052635 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2021.108058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Revised: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to quantitatively, qualitatively, and visually analyze, describe, evaluate, and identify trends of the published scholarly documents on physical activity/exercise in epilepsy. METHODS Scopus database was systematically searched using the keywords relevant to "exercise" and "epilepsy". The Bibliometrix R-Tool was used to quantify, analyze, visualize, and describe the data set of the scholarly documents identified through the systematic search. Data collected from the retrieved documents were synthesized qualitatively. RESULTS Search of the database resulted in 182 scholarly documents reporting on physical activity/exercise in epilepsy. The scholarly documents were obtained from 93 indexed sources, authored by 516 researchers, indexed by 1311 keywords, and cited 4648 references. Epilepsy and Behavior was the fastest growing source for documents on physical exercise in epilepsy and the Universidade Federal De So Paulo in Brazil was the most productive institution in the field. Thematic analysis showed that epilepsy and physical exercise were basic themes, quality of life and depression were motor themes, and yoga was a niche theme. Quality of life and sport were trendy topics after the year 2015. A total of 14 barriers and 2 promoters of physical activity/exercise were qualitatively synthesized. CONCLUSION Findings of this analysis might be helpful to librarians, institutions, and professionals interested in the field of physical activity/exercise in epilepsy. Researchers might be informed of collaboration opportunities, trendy topics, and emerging themes in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramzi Shawahna
- Department of Physiology, Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine; An-Najah BioSciences Unit, Centre for Poisons Control, Chemical and Biological Analyses, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine.
| | - Qais Nairat
- Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Teachers' Training, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
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27
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Shawahna R, Jaber M, Maqboul I, Hijaz H, Abu-Issa M, Radwan F, Dweik M. Are medical students adequately prepared to provide quality care for patients with epilepsy? A cross-sectional study of their knowledge and attitude. Epilepsy Behav 2021; 120:107976. [PMID: 33957440 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2021.107976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study assessed preparedness of Palestinian medical students as future physicians to care for patients with epilepsy through assessing their knowledge and attitude. METHODS The current study was conducted in a cross-sectional design. A pre-validated study tool was used to collect sociodemographic and academic details of the students, test their knowledge using a 16-item test, and test their attitude using a 13-item test. RESULTS A total of 386 medical students completed the study tool. The median knowledge score was 75.0% (range: 62.5% to 87.5%). The median attitude score was 81.5% (range: 73.8% to 89.2%). Knowledge and attitude scores correlated positively (Spearman's rho = 0.25, p-value < 0.001). Students who were in their clinical training stage (OR = 4.22, 95% CI of 2.54 to 7.01), who had received a course/part of a course on epilepsy (OR = 2.55, 95% CI of 1.26 to 5.17), who perceived their knowledge of epilepsy as moderate (OR = 3.14, 95% CI of 1.87 to 5.28), and those who perceived their knowledge of epilepsy as high (OR = 11.91, 95% CI of 2.47 to 57.41) were more likely to score ≥ 70% in the knowledge test compared to those who were in their basic training stage, who had not received a course/part of a course on epilepsy, and who perceived their knowledge of epilepsy as low, respectively. CONCLUSION Findings of the current investigation may indicate that inclusion of courses on epilepsy early in the medical curriculum might promote knowledge of medical students with regard to epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramzi Shawahna
- Department of Physiology, Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine; An-Najah BioSciences Unit, Centre for Poisons Control, Chemical and Biological Analyses, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine.
| | - Mohammad Jaber
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine; An-Najah National University Hospital, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
| | - Iyad Maqboul
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine; An-Najah National University Hospital, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
| | - Hatim Hijaz
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine; An-Najah National University Hospital, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
| | - Majd Abu-Issa
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
| | - Faris Radwan
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
| | - Mohammad Dweik
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
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Cayo-Rojas CF, Castro-Mena MJ, Agramonte-Rosell RDLC, Aliaga-Mariñas AS, Ladera-Castañeda MI, Cervantes-Ganoza LA, Cervantes-Liñán LC. Impact of COVID-19 Mandatory Social Isolation on the Development of Anxiety in Peruvian Dentistry Students: A Logistic Regression Analysis. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent 2021; 11:222-229. [PMID: 34036086 PMCID: PMC8118057 DOI: 10.4103/jispcd.jispcd_52_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: The COVID-19 pandemic has generated much concern worldwide. Due to its high transmissibility, many young university students have had to carry out their academic activities in mandatory social isolation, which could generate excessive anxiety. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the anxiety levels in Peruvian dentistry students developed during COVID-19 mandatory social isolation. Materials and Methods: An analytical, observational, and transversal study was carried out in 403 dentistry students in the last two years from three Peruvian universities from May to July 2020. The Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale was used to detect anxiety symptoms and their respective diagnoses. A logit model was used to evaluate the association of the variables: age group (X1), gender (X2), type of university (X3), and marital status (X4), with the anxiety levels of the students, considering a p-value less than 0.05. Results: The prevalence of anxiety resulted in 56.8% (95% confidence interval (CI): 51.9–61.7) of 403 dentistry students. According to the multivariate logistic regression analysis, the type of university was the only variable that demonstrated to have a significant influence on the development of anxiety with an odds ratio (OR = 1.98; CI: 1.29–3.02); whereas the other variables such as age group (OR = 0.77; CI: 0.49–1.20), gender (OR = 1.15; CI: 0.72–1.84), and marital status (OR = 0.75; CI: 0.35–1.60) were not considered factors that influenced the development of anxiety. Conclusion: More than a half of the Peruvian dentistry students from three universities showed mild-to-severe anxiety levels. Students from a private university have a 98% higher chance of developing anxiety in comparison to students from public universities. Other variables such as gender, age group, or marital status were not considered influencing factors to develop anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- César Félix Cayo-Rojas
- School of Stomatology, Universidad Privada San Juan Bautista, Lima 15084, Peru.,Postgraduate School and Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad Nacional Federico Villarreal, Lima 15084, Peru.,Faculty of Stomatology and Investigation Institute, Universidad Inca Garcilaso de la Vega, Lima 15084, Peru
| | - Manuel Jesús Castro-Mena
- Faculty of Stomatology and Investigation Institute, Universidad Inca Garcilaso de la Vega, Lima 15084, Peru
| | | | - Ana Sixtina Aliaga-Mariñas
- Postgraduate School and Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad Nacional Federico Villarreal, Lima 15084, Peru
| | - Marysela Irene Ladera-Castañeda
- School of Stomatology, Universidad Privada San Juan Bautista, Lima 15084, Peru.,Postgraduate School and Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad Nacional Federico Villarreal, Lima 15084, Peru
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