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Alam MZ, Sheoti IH. The burden of diabetes and hypertension on healthy life expectancy in Bangladesh. Sci Rep 2024; 14:7936. [PMID: 38575655 PMCID: PMC10995204 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-58554-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetes and hypertension are among the leading causes of death in Bangladesh. This study examined hypertension, diabetes, and either or both, free life expectancy, to measure the effect of the diseases on the overall health of individuals in Bangladesh with regional variations. We utilized data from Bangladesh Sample Vital Statistics 2018 for mortality and Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey 2017-2018 for diabetes and hypertension. The Sullivan method was employed to estimate age-specific hypertension and diabetes-free life expectancy. Altogether, 10.3% of the people aged 18-19 years lived with either diabetes or hypertension. The hypertension-free life expectancy was 40.4 years, and the diabetes-free life expectancy was 53.2 years for those aged 15-19. Overall, individuals would expect to spend 38.7% of their lives with either of the diseases. Females suffered more from hypertension and males from diabetes. Still, females suffered more from the aggregate of both. Rural people had more diabetes and hypertension-free life expectancy than those of urban. Individuals of Mymensingh had the highest life expectancy free of both diseases compared to other divisions of Bangladesh. Diabetes and hypertension affect a considerable proportion of the life of the population in Bangladesh. Policy actions are needed to guide the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of both diseases, specifically focusing on women and urban populations. Widespread health-enhancing actions need to be taken to diminish the effect of these two diseases in Bangladesh.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Zakiul Alam
- Department of Population Sciences, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh.
- Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Maryland, 21205, USA.
| | - Isna Haque Sheoti
- Department of Population Sciences, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
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Tareque MI. Trends in health expectancy at age 60 in Bangladesh from 1996 to 2016. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0278101. [PMID: 36417472 PMCID: PMC9683622 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0278101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Life expectancy (LE) is increasing all over the world, and relying on LE alone is no longer sufficient to identify whether a country is having a healthier population. Examining the increase in LE in relation to health - health expectancy estimation - is advised to ascertain the increase (or decrease) in LE without disability over time. This study examines the trends in health expectancy at age 60 in Bangladesh from 1996 to 2016. METHODS Mortality information from United Nations and World Health Organization and morbidity information from Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics were combined using the Sullivan method. RESULTS With an overall declining trend over the study period and a big drop in disability rates during 2012-2013, the disability rates were observed 1.6-1.7% in 2016. The declining trend in disability may have two-fold implications: (1) among the 98.3% older adults (≥60 years) with no severe/extreme disability, those were in jobs could have continued their work if there was no mandatory retirement at age 59, and (2) the 1.7% (translates into 0.2 million in 2020) older adults with severe/extreme disability require care assistance with their daily activities. The observed gain in disability-free life expectancy, the decrease in life expectancy with disability and its proportion allude to the compression of morbidity and healthier older adults over time. CONCLUSION In 2020, Bangladesh had 13.2 million (i.e., 8% of the total population) older adults, which is increasing day by day. The policy makers and government are suggested to prioritize the issues of older adults, particularly disability, care needs, retirement age, and health in the light of the current study's findings. Utilizing health expectancy research is suggested to understand the combined effect of disability and mortality for considering policy changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Ismail Tareque
- Department of Population Science and Human Resource Development, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
- * E-mail: ,
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Alam MZ. Women outweighed men at life expectancy in Bangladesh: does it mean a better quality of life? Heliyon 2021; 7:e07618. [PMID: 34368483 PMCID: PMC8326742 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Men had a higher life expectancy than women until 2000 in Bangladesh. After 2000, statistics showed that women had a higher life expectancy than men. We aimed to address whether higher life expectancy is a gain or burden (Failures of Success) for older women. Methods We utilised data from Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey-2011, Health and Morbidity Status Survey-2014, Population and Housing Census-2011, Household Income and Expenditure Survey-2010, and primary data. We calculated and estimated gender-specific different aspects of quality of life. Findings Findings showed that the mean age at marriage was 5.8 years lower for women, while life expectancy was three years higher than men; thus, women were expected to live for 8.8 years alone. Both disabilities and morbidities were higher among women than men; hence they had lower healthy life expectancy. About 53% of women could work daily activities while 8% higher for men. Only 2.4% of women earned while almost 58% for men. Depression and loneliness were also higher among women than men. The value of the active ageing index and quality of life were also lower for women than men. Conclusion This study overall found that there were the Failures of Success especially for older women in Bangladesh, as increasing life expectancies led them to extra years of chronic illness, economic insolvency, more anxiety and depression, and increasing misery. Therefore, sex and gender and their inherent differences should inform decision making to promote gender equity in health. The government and policymakers may intervene for quality of life, especially for women, through reducing gender stereotypes and increasing community engagement. Without considering the quality of life, healthy ageing cannot be ensured.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Zakiul Alam
- Department of Population Sciences, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
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Rahman KMM, Tareque MI. Determinants of cigarette/bidi smoking among youth male in rural Mymensingh of Bangladesh: A cross-sectional study. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0244335. [PMID: 33370411 PMCID: PMC7769457 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0244335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Smoking cigarette/bidi, is a serious health threat, causes preventable premature morbidity and mortality. Higher prevalence of smoking among the youth hampers a country's development, as the youth are the main drivers of socio-economic development. An effective understanding of factors associated with youth smoking is precious to prevent youth smoking. This study aims to identify the determinants of smoking cigarette/bidi among the youth male of the rural areas of Mymensingh district in Bangladesh. METHODS The primary data from the project "Knowledge, awareness and practices among youth smokers in Trishal Upazila under Mymensingh district: A micro-survey study", funded by the Research and Extension Center, Jatiya Kabi Kazi Nazrul Islam University, Bangladesh was utilized in the current study. The data consists of 385 youth males aged 15-24 years who were interviewed face-to-face from the rural areas of Mymensingh district in Bangladesh. Univariate distribution, chi-square tests, and binary logistic regression model were employed to identify the factors associated with smoking cigarette/bidi among the youth male. RESULTS The prevalence of smoking cigarette/bidi among the youth male is 40.3% [95% CI: 35.0%-45.0%]. Age, occupation, monthly income, family's monthly income, cigarette/bidi smoking status of father, brother and close friends, and knowledge about harmfulness of smoking are revealed as the determinants of cigarette/bidi smoking. For instance, the odds of being smoker increases with the increase in age (Odds ratio [OR]: 1.33 [1.17-1.51]). Business owner is less likely (OR: 0.15 [0.03-0.68]) to smoke than the day labourer. Having smoker fathers (OR: 2.51 [1.39-4.53]), smoker brothers (OR: 2.88 [1.39-5.96]), smoker friends (OR: 9.85 [5.85-1.27]) are significantly associated with smoking cigarette/bidi. CONCLUSION As the first study, it provides the determinants of cigarette/bidi smoking among youth male of the rural areas of Mymensingh district in Bangladesh. Relevant authorities are suggested to consider the study's findings and recommendations to revise the existing smoking policies so that smoking among youth can be prevented for future development of the country.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. M. Mustafizur Rahman
- Department of Population Science, Jatiya Kabi Kazi Nazrul Islam University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Ismail Tareque
- Department of Population Science and Human Resource Development, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
- * E-mail: ,
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Yamada SI, Kurita H, Nakano R, Ohta R, Akita D, Hashidume M, Morishita K, Kondo E, Sakai H. Treatment strategies for and outcomes of older patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2020; 129:322-329. [PMID: 32102767 DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2019.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Revised: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to investigate factors that have a significant impact on decision making regarding treatment strategies and on the resultant outcomes in older patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). STUDY DESIGN To define fit, vulnerable, and frail patients, as well as treatment strategies/outcomes, in patients 75 years of age and older with primary OSCC were retrospectively reviewed from the medical records. RESULTS Among patients with stage I and II tumors, those with a Geriatric 8 (G8) score of 11.5 or greater had favorable outcomes and those with a score less than 11.5 had acceptable outcomes (5-year self-reliance [SR] rates: 80.8 and 53.5%, respectively). Among patients with stage III and IV tumors, those with the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group-Performance status (ECOG-PS) score less than 2 and/or a G8 score 11.5 or greater mainly received standard therapy, had favorable outcomes (5-year SR rate: 66.7%). The 5-year SR rates of stage IV patients with an ECOG-PS score 2 or greater and those with a G8 score less than 11.5 were poor regardless of any treatment strategy. Although the 5-year SR rate of patients with standard therapy was 73.4%, that of patients receiving other curative therapies was 0%. CONCLUSIONS In patients with stage III/IV, ECOG-PS 2 or greater, and/or G8 score less than 11.5, treatment was difficult, and the prognosis was poor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin-Ichi Yamada
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kurita
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan.
| | - Ryoko Nakano
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Ohta
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Daisuke Akita
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Masao Hashidume
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Kota Morishita
- Department of Clinical Oral Oncology, Unit of Translational Medicine, Course of Medical and Dental Sciences, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Eiji Kondo
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Hironori Sakai
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
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Hossain S, Anjum A, Hasan MT, Uddin ME, Hossain MS, Sikder MT. Self-perception of physical health conditions and its association with depression and anxiety among Bangladeshi university students. J Affect Disord 2020; 263:282-288. [PMID: 31818790 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2019.11.153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2019] [Revised: 11/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Self-perception of physical health conditions is associated with depression and anxiety. Although some recent studies revealed a high prevalence of depression and anxiety among Bangladeshi university students, no study has yet investigated the link between self-perception of physical health and these common psychological disorders. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the association of self-perception of physical health conditions with depression and anxiety among university students in Dhaka, Bangladesh. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted between August and November 2017 among 897 undergraduate students of Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka through face-to-face interviews using a semi-structured questionnaire. Chi-square test and binary logistic regression analysis were used to examine the association between the variables. RESULTS 13.9% of the respondents had poor self-rated health (SRH) and 49.9% had self-rated body image (SRBI) dissatisfaction. 25.6% of the students reported to be overweight/obese whereas 18.7% to be underweight. Poor and moderate SRH was found to be significantly associated with students' depression (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 6.700; 95% CI: 3.821-11.749 and AOR: 2.155; 95% CI: 1.582-2.934) and anxiety (AOR: 4.365; 95% CI: 2.599-7.332 and AOR: 1.776; 95% CI: 1.270-2.484). Furthermore, SRBI dissatisfaction, underweight SRBI, overweight/obese SRBI, low blood pressure and hypertension were also significantly linked with students' depression and anxiety. CONCLUSION Students dissatisfied with their physical health status had higher chances to suffer from depression and anxiety. The findings of this study would create room for further research and could be used to design a comprehensive health program for young students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahadat Hossain
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh; Maternal and Child Health Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Diseases Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), 68, Shahid Tajuddin Sarani, Mohakhali, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh.
| | - Afifa Anjum
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh
| | - M Tasdik Hasan
- Research Assistant, Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Md Elias Uddin
- Department of English, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Md Shakhaoat Hossain
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh
| | - Md Tajuddin Sikder
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh
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Perera C, Cabrera F, Albizu-Campos JC, Brønnum-Hansen H. Health expectancies among non-white and white populations living in Havana, 2000-2004. Eur J Ageing 2019; 16:17-24. [PMID: 30886557 DOI: 10.1007/s10433-018-0472-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study explored the role of skin color in health expectancies by computing average lifetime in self-rated good health and lifetime without functional limitations in activities of daily living (ADL) among non-white and white 60+ adults living in Havana (Cuba) in 2000-2004. The Sullivan method was used to estimate health expectancies. The contributions from the mortality and health effect to the differences in health expectancies were assessed by decomposition. White males aged 60 were expected to live longer in self-rated good health than non-white males, white and non-white females. Most of the differences among males are attributed to the health effect. No differences were found between white and non-white females in expected lifetime in moderate to full ADL functioning while a difference in ADL functioning of 0.8 years favored white over non-white males. The mortality effect accounted for most difference across the two male groups. From age 80, both non-white groups could expect to live longer than their white counterparts. The results showed that skin color is a risk marker of mortality and morbidity among older adults living in Havana. Although health behaviors vary, the differences were not anticipated due to high social equity and equal health care provision in Cuba. This finding calls for further research on health expectancies by skin color that is representative of the Cuban population and includes information on different diseases and conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Perera
- 1Centre for Global Health, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Fabián Cabrera
- 2Center of Demographic Studies, University of Havana, Havana, Cuba
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Correlates of healthy life expectancy in low- and lower-middle-income countries. BMC Public Health 2018; 18:476. [PMID: 29642879 PMCID: PMC5896094 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-018-5377-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2017] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Healthy life expectancy (HALE) at birth is an important indicator of health status and quality of life of a country’s population. However, little is known about the determinants of HALE as yet globally or even country-specific level. Thus, we examined the factors that are associated with HALE at birth in low- and lower-middle-income countries. Methods In accordance with the World Bank (WB) classification seventy-nine low- and lower-middle-income countries were selected for the study. Data on HALE, demographic, socioeconomic, social structural, health, and environmental factors from several reliable sources, such as the World Health Organization, the United Nations Development Program, Population Reference Bureau, WB, Heritage Foundation, Transparency International, Freedom House, and International Center for Prison Studies were obtained as selected countries. Descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and regression analysis were performed to reach the research objectives. Results The lowest and highest HALE were observed in Sierra Leone (44.40 years) and in Sri Lanka (67.00 years), respectively. The mean years of schooling, total fertility rate (TFR), physician density, gross national income per capita, health expenditure, economic freedom, carbon dioxide emission rate, freedom of the press, corruption perceptions index, prison population rate, and achieving a level of health-related millennium development goals (MDGs) were revealed as the correlates of HALE. Among all the correlates, the mean years of schooling, TFR, freedom of the press, and achieving a level of health-related MDGs were found to be the most influential factors. Conclusion To increase the HALE in low- and lower-middle-income countries, we suggest that TFR is to be reduced as well as to increase the mean years of schooling, freedom of the press, and the achievement of a level of health-related MDGs.
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Kim N, Nam HJ, Noh J, Park EC. The effect of multimorbidity on the gap between global and age-comparative self-rated health scores among the Korean elderly. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2018; 76:19-25. [PMID: 29448237 DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2018.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2017] [Revised: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Most of the behavior change models regard perceived health status as a motivation for healthy behaviors or chronic disease self-management. The aim of this study was to examine the association between the number of chronic diseases and the difference between global and age-comparative self-rated health scores (GSRH and ASRH). We used national representative survey data pertaining to the elderly in 2011 from the Korea Institute for Health and Social Affairs. In total, 10,003 participants (≥60 years old) were selected from those who had completed the survey in 2008. Multinomial logistic regression was used to estimate relative risk ratios (RRR) with 95% confidence intervals. Demographic factors, socioeconomic status, social connection, and healthy life style were adjusted. Individuals with many chronic diseases were more likely to have a positive gap, resulting in a better ASRH score relative to GSRH (p for trend <0.001): 1-2 diseases (RRR = 1.30, 95% CI = 1.07-1.57), 3-4 diseases (RRR = 1.90, 95% CI = 1.55-2.32), and ≥5 diseases (RRR = 1.75, 95% CI = 1.39-2.20). In addition, the association between the number of chronic diseases and a positive gap varied by sex and living area. Our results suggest that a positive gap between GSRH and ASRH that indicates an overestimated age-comparative health, was associated with the number of chronic diseases. Female or urban-living people had stronger associations. Further research is needed to understand how the gap between GSRH and ASRH could be an alternative measure of SRH and a predictor of major health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namsoo Kim
- Medical Courses, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Jun Nam
- Medical Courses, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Juhwan Noh
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Eun-Cheol Park
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Islam MS, Tareque MI, Mondal MNI, Fazle Rabbi AM, Khan HTA, Begum S. Urban-rural differences in disability-free life expectancy in Bangladesh using the 2010 HIES data. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0179987. [PMID: 28742101 PMCID: PMC5524410 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0179987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2016] [Accepted: 06/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Research on health expectancy has been carried out in Bangladesh but none of it has examined the differences in Disability-Free Life Expectancy (DFLE) between urban and rural setting in context of rapid urbanization of Bangladesh in past decades. Objectives The present study aims to estimate DFLE for people of all ages living in urban and rural areas in Bangladesh, and to examine the differences in DFLE between these two areas. Methods Data from the Sample Vital Registration System 2010 and the Bangladesh Household Income and Expenditure Survey (HIES) 2010 were used in this study. The Sullivan method was applied to estimate DFLE in Bangladesh. Results Higher rates of mortality and disability were observed in rural areas compared to urban areas with few exceptions. Statistically significant differences in DFLE were revealed from birth to age 15 years for both sexes between urban and rural areas. Urban males had a longer life expectancy (LE), longer DFLE and shorter LE with disability both in number and proportion when compared to rural males. Rural females at age 20+ years had a longer LE than urban females but urban females had a longer DFLE and a shorter LE with disability in both number and proportion at all ages than did rural females. Conclusion This study demonstrates that there were clear inequalities in LE, DFLE and LE with disability between rural and urban areas of Bangladesh along with age-specific differences as well. These findings may serve as useful and benchmark for intervention and policy implications for reducing the gap in health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Shariful Islam
- Department of Population Science and Human Resource Development, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Ismail Tareque
- Department of Population Science and Human Resource Development, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
- * E-mail:
| | - Md. Nazrul Islam Mondal
- Department of Population Science and Human Resource Development, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | | | - Hafiz T. A. Khan
- Graduate School, The University of West London, St Mary’s Road, Ealing, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sharifa Begum
- Population Studies Division, Bangladesh Institute of Development Studies (BIDS), Dhaka, Bangladesh
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Yamada SI, Kurita H, Tomioka T, Ohta R, Yoshimura N, Nishimaki F, Koyama Y, Kondo E, Kamata T. Healthy life expectancy of oral squamous cell carcinoma patients aged 75years and older. Oral Oncol 2016; 64:22-26. [PMID: 28024720 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2016.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Revised: 11/22/2016] [Accepted: 11/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Healthy life expectancy, an extension of the concept of life expectancy, is a summary measure of population health that takes into account the mortality and morbidity of a population. The aim of the present study was to retrospectively analyze the self-reliance survival times of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS One hundred and twelve patients aged 75years or older with primary OSCC were included and examined at Shinshu University Hospital. To investigate healthy life expectancy, OSCC patients older than 75years were divided into 3 groups: 75-79, 80-84, and older than 85years. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate the median times of healthy life expectancy. The Log-rank test was used to test significant differences between actual curves. RESULTS The median self-reliance survival times of patients aged 75-79, 80-84, and older than 85years were 5.7, 1.6, and 1.4years, respectively. Most patients with early stage cancers underwent curative treatments and showed a health expectancy of more than 5years. In patients with advanced cancers, health expectancy was poor (less than one year), except among patients aged 75-79years who underwent standard treatments. CONCLUSIONS It seems that in patients with advanced cancers, health expectancy was poor (less than 1year), except among patients aged 75-79years who underwent standard treatments. In elderly patients, healthy life expectancy (self-reliance survival time) may be one of the measures of patient prognosis as well as overall survival times.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin-Ichi Yamada
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1, Asahi, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan.
| | - Hiroshi Kurita
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1, Asahi, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan
| | - Takahiro Tomioka
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1, Asahi, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan
| | - Ryousuke Ohta
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1, Asahi, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan
| | - Nobuhiko Yoshimura
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1, Asahi, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan
| | - Fumihiro Nishimaki
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1, Asahi, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan
| | - Yoshihito Koyama
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1, Asahi, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan
| | - Eiji Kondo
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1, Asahi, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan
| | - Takahiro Kamata
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1, Asahi, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan
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Maass R, Kloeckner CA, Lindstrøm B, Lillefjell M. The impact of neighborhood social capital on life satisfaction and self-rated health: A possible pathway for health promotion? Health Place 2016; 42:120-128. [PMID: 27770668 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2016.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2016] [Revised: 07/19/2016] [Accepted: 09/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Neighborhood social capital has repeatedly been linked to favorable health-outcomes and life satisfaction. However, it has been questioned whether it's impact on health has been over-rated. We aim to investigate relationships between neighborhood social capital and self-rated health (SRH) and life satisfaction (LS) respectively, both directly and indirectly mediated via Sense of Coherence and self-esteem. Based on a cross-sectional population-survey (N=865) in a medium size Norwegian municipality, we specified a structural equation model (SEM) including the above-listed variables, while controlling for gender, age, education, income, and employment status. The applied model explains more variance in LS (46%) than in SRH (23%). Social capital has a stronger impact on life satisfaction than on health. The indirect pathway via SOC had the highest impact on life satisfaction, but no significant relationship to SRH. Self-rated health was more tightly linked to personal background variables. Enhancing social capital in the neighborhood might be a beneficial strategy to promote life satisfaction, as well as strengthening sense of coherence even in healthy communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruca Maass
- Department of Health Science, Faculty of Health and Social Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim 7491, Norway; Center for Health Promotion Research, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim 7491, Norway.
| | - Christian A Kloeckner
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences and Technology Management, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim 7491, Norway.
| | - Bengt Lindstrøm
- Department of Social Work and Health Science, Faculty of Social Sciences and Technology Management, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim 7491, Norway.
| | - Monica Lillefjell
- Department of Health Science, Faculty of Health and Social Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim 7491, Norway; Center for Health Promotion Research, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim 7491, Norway.
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