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Bootwong P, Intarut N. The Effects of Text Messages for Promoting Physical Activities in Prediabetes: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Telemed J E Health 2021; 28:896-903. [PMID: 34619066 DOI: 10.1089/tmj.2021.0303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To test the effects of text messages for promoting physical activities in people with prediabetes. Methods: This randomized controlled trial was performed in participants with prediabetes. Participants were recruited from a primary care unit. Allocation to the study groups used a stratified block randomization. All participants received physical activity education at baseline. The intervention group additionally received supportive text messages by using mobile phone text messages. Participants were assessed at baseline at 8 and 12 weeks. The primary outcome measure was physical activity energy. Secondary outcomes included weight, body mass index, waist circumstance, and blood pressure. Results: All participants were included in the analyses (n = 324; control: n = 162; intervention: n = 162). Mean physical activity energy was significantly increased in those who received text messages at 8 weeks, increasing 1,590.73 Metabolic Equivalent of Tasks (METs)/min/week (95% confidence interval [CI]: 837.72, 2343.75) in the intervention group and 407.39 METs/min/weeks (95% CI: -267.59, 1082.36) in the control group with an adjusted mean difference of -1,183 METs/min/weeks (95% CI: -2190.11, -176.58, p = 0.02). Over the 12 weeks follow-up period, mean physical activity energy did not differ statistically by group. Mixed-model repeated-measures analysis of the total physical energy revealed no significant differences, with an adjusted mean difference 273.3 METs/min/week (95% CI: -530.64, 1077.21, p = 0.513). However, moderate physical energy was significantly increased to 256.40 METs/min/week (95% CI: 17.20, 495.63, p = 0.040). Conclusion: Text messaging significant in physical activity at the 8-week. But, text messaging no significant in physical activity at 12-week. Further research is needed to identify optimal times to send messages to people with prediabetes. Thai Clinical Trials Registry (TCTR), number: TCTR20200624008.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prawit Bootwong
- Health System Science Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Mahasarakham University, Muang, Mahasarakham, Thailand
| | - Nirun Intarut
- PhD student in Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Mahasarakham University, Muang, Mahasarakham, Thailand
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One-year change in resting heart rate and subsequent risk of hypertension in healthy Chinese adults. Blood Press Monit 2021; 26:39-45. [PMID: 32701565 DOI: 10.1097/mbp.0000000000000472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Changes in baseline resting heart rate (RHR) appear to predict new-onset hypertension (NOH). However, RHR is a dynamic anthropometric parameter; thus, the association between changes in RHR and NOH requires further investigation. METHODS We studied 10 403 participants who were initially normotensive and who had at least one routine health examination at baseline and 1 year later during 2011-2016. We compared the RHR between the baseline and 1-year follow-up. We defined hypertension as SBP ≥140 mmHg or DBP ≥90 mmHg. Participants were divided into three groups: RHR decreased, RHR unchanged [from 0 to 10 beats per minute (bpm)], and RHR increased ≥10 bpm. Cox regression analysis was performed to calculate relative risk with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between NOH and RHR change. RESULTS During a mean follow-up period of 2.42 years, 1173 (11.28%) participants developed hypertension. After adjusting for age, sex, SBP, DBP, RHR and other confounders obtained at baseline, and compared with participants with unchanged RHR, participants with decreased RHR had a 17% decreased risk of NOH (adjusted hazard ratio: 0.83, 95% CI 0.73-0.95), whereas subjects with RHR that increased ≥10 bpm had a 23% increased risk of NOH (adjusted hazard ratio: 1.23, 95% CI 1.04-1.46). CONCLUSION A 1-year increase in RHR for initially normotensive subjects is an independent risk factor for subsequent hypertension.
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Schouw D, Mash R, Kolbe-Alexander T. Changes in risk factors for non-communicable diseases associated with the 'Healthy choices at work' programme, South Africa. Glob Health Action 2020; 13:1827363. [PMID: 33076762 PMCID: PMC7594846 DOI: 10.1080/16549716.2020.1827363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Globally 71% of deaths are attributed to non-communicable diseases (NCD). The workplace is an opportune setting for health promotion programs and interventions that aim to prevent NCDs. However, much of the current evidence is from high-income countries. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate changes in NCD risk factors, associated with the Healthy Choices at Work programme (HCWP), at a commercial power plant in South Africa. METHODS This was a before-and-after study in a randomly selected sample of 156 employees at baseline and 137 employees at 2-years. The HCWP focused on food services, physical activity, health and wellness services and managerial support. Participants completed questionnaires on tobacco smoking, harmful alcohol use, fruit and vegetable intake, physical activity, psychosocial stress and history of NCDs. Clinical measures included blood pressure, total cholesterol, random blood glucose, body mass index, waist circumference and waist-to-hip ratio. The 10-year cardiovascular risk was calculated using a validated algorithm. Sample size calculations evaluated the power of the sample to detect meaningful changes in risk factors. RESULTS Paired data was obtained for 137 employees, the mean age was 42.7 years (SD 9.7) and 64% were male. The prevalence of sufficient fruit and vegetable intake increased from 27% to 64% (p < 0.001), those meeting physical activity guidelines increased from 44% to 65% (p < 0.001). Harmful alcohol use decreased from 21% to 5% (p = 0.001). There were clinical and statistically significant improvements in systolic and diastolic blood pressure (mean difference -10.2 mmHg (95%CI: -7.3 to -13.2); and -3.9 mmHg (95%CI: -1.8 to -5.8); p < 0.001) and total cholesterol (mean difference -0.45 mmol/l (-0.3 to -0.6)). There were no significant improvements in BMI. Psychosocial stress from relationships with colleagues, personal finances, and personal health improved significantly. The cardiovascular risk score decreased by 4.5% (> 0.05). CONCLUSION The HCWP was associated with clinically significant reductions in behavioural, metabolic and psychosocial risk factors for NCDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darcelle Schouw
- Division of Family Medicine and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Robert Mash
- Division of Family Medicine and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Tracy Kolbe-Alexander
- Sport and Exercise Science, School of Health and Wellbeing, University of Southern Queensland, Ipswich, Queensland, Australia
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- Division of Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
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Buckingham SA, Morrissey K, Williams AJ, Price L, Harrison J. The Physical Activity Wearables in the Police Force (PAW-Force) study: acceptability and impact. BMC Public Health 2020; 20:1645. [PMID: 33143665 PMCID: PMC7607613 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-020-09776-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Policing is a highly stressful and increasingly sedentary occupation. The study aim was to assess the acceptability and impact of a mobile health (mHealth) technology intervention (Fitbit® activity monitor and 'Bupa Boost' smartphone app) to promote physical activity (PA) and reduce sedentary time in the police force. METHODS Single-group, pre-post, mixed methods pilot study. Police officers and staff (n = 180) were recruited from two police forces in South West England. Participants used the technology for 12 weeks (an 'individual' then 'social' phase) followed by 5 months of optional use. Data sources included Fitbit®-recorded objective step count, questionnaire surveys and semi-structured interviews (n = 32). Outcome assessment points were baseline (week 0), mid-intervention (week 6), post-intervention (week 12) and follow-up (month 8). Paired t-tests were used to investigate changes in quantitative outcomes. Qualitative analysis involved framework and thematic analysis. RESULTS Changes in mean daily step count were non-significant (p > 0.05), but self-reported PA increased in the short term (e.g. + 465.4 MET-minutes/week total PA baseline to week 12, p = 0.011) and longer term (e.g. + 420.5 MET-minutes/week moderate-to-vigorous PA baseline to month 8, p = 0.024). The greatest impact on behaviour was perceived by less active officers and staff. There were no significant changes in sedentary time; the qualitative findings highlighted the importance of context and external influences on behaviour. There were no statistically significant changes (all p-values > 0.05) in any secondary outcomes (physical and mental health-related quality of life, perceived stress and perceived productivity), with the exception of an improvement in mental health-related quality of life (SF-12 mental component score + 1.75 points, p = 0.020) from baseline to month 8. Engagement with and perceived acceptability of the intervention was high overall, but a small number of participants reported negative physical (skin irritation) and psychological (feelings of guilt and anxiety) consequences of technology use. Individual app features (such as goal-setting and self-monitoring) were generally preferred to social components (social comparison, competitions and support). CONCLUSIONS mHealth technology is an acceptable and potentially impactful intervention for increasing PA in the police force. The intervention was less useful for reducing sedentary time and the impact on secondary outcomes is unclear. TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT03169179 (registered 30th May 2017).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Ann Buckingham
- European Centre for Environment and Human Health, Knowledge Spa, Royal Cornwall Hospitals NHS Trust, University of Exeter Medical School, 2nd Floor Knowledge Spa, Royal Cornwall Hospital, Truro, TR1 3HD, UK.
| | - Karyn Morrissey
- European Centre for Environment and Human Health, Knowledge Spa, Royal Cornwall Hospitals NHS Trust, University of Exeter Medical School, 2nd Floor Knowledge Spa, Royal Cornwall Hospital, Truro, TR1 3HD, UK
| | - Andrew James Williams
- European Centre for Environment and Human Health, Knowledge Spa, Royal Cornwall Hospitals NHS Trust, University of Exeter Medical School, 2nd Floor Knowledge Spa, Royal Cornwall Hospital, Truro, TR1 3HD, UK.,Population and Behavioural Science, School of Medicine, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, UK
| | - Lisa Price
- Sport and Health Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - John Harrison
- Occupational Health Support Unit, Devon and Cornwall Police, Middlemoor, Exeter, UK
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High-Intensity Training Reduces CVD Risk Factors among Rotating Shift Workers: An Eight-Week Intervention in Industry. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17113943. [PMID: 32498373 PMCID: PMC7312909 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17113943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Rotating shift work is associated with risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD). We have studied the effect of 17 min high-intensity training three times a week over eight weeks on CVD risk factors among shift workers. Sixty-five shift workers from two plants were recruited. They were all deemed healthy at the initial health screening and in 100% work. From plant A, 42 workers, and plant B, 23 workers participated. After the intervention, 56 workers were retested. The intervention group consisted of 19 participants from plant A who had participated in at least 10 sessions. Twenty workers from plant B and 17 workers from plant A that not had taken part in the training were included in the control group. All workers reported physical activity (PA) by questionnaires before and after the training intervention. We measured blood pressure, heart rate, lipids, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and C-reactive protein (CRP) and arterial stiffness. Maximal oxygen uptake (V.O2max) was assessed by bicycle ergometry. The intervention group favorably differed significantly from the control group in improvement of systolic and diastolic blood pressure and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c). Short training sessions with 4 min of high-intensity PA, three times a week, for eight weeks among rotating shift workers reduced some CVD risk factors. PA interventions in occupational settings may thus decrease coronary heart disease and stroke incidences in this vulnerable group of workers.
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Lozano-Lozano M, Melguizo-Rodríguez L, Fernández-Lao C, Galiano-Castillo N, Cantarero-Villanueva I, Martín-Martín L, Arroyo-Morales M. Association Between the Use of a Mobile Health Strategy App and Biological Changes in Breast Cancer Survivors: Prospective Pre-Post Study. J Med Internet Res 2019; 21:e15062. [PMID: 31414667 PMCID: PMC6712956 DOI: 10.2196/15062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Revised: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background There is a bidirectional relationship between chronic low-grade inflammation and cancer. Inflammatory markers, such as interleukin-6 (IL-6), have been associated with both the malignant transformation of epithelial cells and tumor progression, thus linking low-grade inflammation with a higher risk of cancer and recurrence in the survival phase. Therefore, they are considered valuable prognostic biomarkers. Knowing and finding appropriate primary prevention strategies to modify these parameters is a major challenge in reducing the risk of cancer recurrence and increasing survival. Different therapeutic strategies have shown efficacy in the modification of these and other biological parameters, but with contradictory results. There are apparently no strategies in which telemedicine, and specifically mobile health (mHealth), are used as a means to potentially cause biological changes. Objective The objectives of this study were to: (1) check whether it is feasible to find changes in inflammation biomarkers through an mHealth strategy app as a delivery mechanism of an intervention to monitor energy balance; and (2) discover potential predictors of change of these markers in breast cancer survivors (BCSs). Methods A prospective quasi-experimental pre-post study was conducted through an mHealth energy balance monitoring app with 73 BCSs, defined as stage I-IIIA of breast cancer and at least six months from the completion of the adjuvant therapy. Measurements included were biological salivary markers (IL-6 and C-reactive protein [CRP]), self-completed questionnaires (the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire Core 30, the user version of the Mobile Application Rating Scale [uMARS] and an ad hoc clinical and sociodemographic questionnaire) and physical objective measures (accelerometry, weight and height). In addition, using the logging data of the mHealth app, the rate of use (in days) was recorded during the entire experimental phase of the study. Using Stata software, a paired two-tailed t test, Pearson and Spearman correlations, and a stepwise multiple regression analysis were used to interpret the data. Results Analyzing changes in inflammatory biomarker concentrations after using the mHealth app, differences between preassessment CRP (4899.04 pg/ml; SD 1085.25) and IL-6 (87.15 pg/ml; SD 33.59) and postassessment CRP (4221.24 pg/ml; SD 911.55) and IL-6 (60.53 pg/ml; SD 36.31) showed a significant decrease in both markers, with a mean difference of –635.25 pg/ml (95% CI –935.65 to –334.85; P<.001) in CRP and –26.61 pg/ml (95% CI –42.51 to –10.71; P=.002) in IL-6. Stepwise regression analyses revealed that changes in global quality of life, as well as uMARS score and hormonal therapy, were possible predictors of change in CRP concentration after using the mHealth app. In the same way, the type of tumor removal surgery conducted, as well as changes in weight and pain score, were possible predictors of change in IL-6 concentration after using the app. Conclusions In conclusion, through the results of this study, we hypothesize that there is a possible association between an mHealth energy balance monitoring strategy and biological changes in BCSs. These changes could be explained by different biopsychosocial parameters, such as the use of the application itself, quality of life, pain, type of tumor removal surgery, hormonal treatment or obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Lozano-Lozano
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Sport and Health Joint University Institute, Granada, Spain.,Biohealth Research Institute, Granada, Spain.,"Cuidate" Support Unit for Oncology Patients, Granada, Spain
| | - Lucia Melguizo-Rodríguez
- Biohealth Research Institute, Granada, Spain.,Biomedical Group (BIO277), Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Carolina Fernández-Lao
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Sport and Health Joint University Institute, Granada, Spain.,Biohealth Research Institute, Granada, Spain.,"Cuidate" Support Unit for Oncology Patients, Granada, Spain
| | - Noelia Galiano-Castillo
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Sport and Health Joint University Institute, Granada, Spain.,Biohealth Research Institute, Granada, Spain.,"Cuidate" Support Unit for Oncology Patients, Granada, Spain
| | - Irene Cantarero-Villanueva
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Sport and Health Joint University Institute, Granada, Spain.,Biohealth Research Institute, Granada, Spain.,"Cuidate" Support Unit for Oncology Patients, Granada, Spain
| | - Lydia Martín-Martín
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Sport and Health Joint University Institute, Granada, Spain.,Biohealth Research Institute, Granada, Spain.,"Cuidate" Support Unit for Oncology Patients, Granada, Spain
| | - Manuel Arroyo-Morales
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Sport and Health Joint University Institute, Granada, Spain.,Biohealth Research Institute, Granada, Spain.,"Cuidate" Support Unit for Oncology Patients, Granada, Spain
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Brown AF, Prado CM, Ghosh S, Leonard SM, Arciero PJ, Tucker KL, Ormsbee MJ. Higher-protein intake and physical activity are associated with healthier body composition and cardiometabolic health in Hispanic adults. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2019; 30:145-151. [PMID: 30904215 PMCID: PMC6482843 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2019.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Revised: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Higher protein (HP) intake and physical activity (PA) have been associated with improved lean soft tissue (LST) and reduced fat mass (FM). Puerto Ricans have among the highest age-adjusted prevalence (42.5%) of obesity, which may be associated with inadequate protein consumption and PA. We examined the relationship between protein intake and PA with body composition and biomarkers of cardiometabolic health in Puerto Rican adults. METHODS Participants included 959 Puerto Rican adults (71.4% women, 28.6% men) from the Boston Puerto Rican Health Study (BPRHS), aged 46-79 y (Women: age, 60.4 ± 7.6 y, BMI, 32.9 ± 6.8 kg/m2; Men: age, 59.8 ± 7.9 y, BMI, 30.1 ± 5.2 kg/m2). Protein intake was assessed using a food frequency questionnaire and expressed as g/kg body weight/day in energy intake-adjusted equal cut point tertile categories (lower, moderate, higher: LP < 0.91 g/kg/d, MP ≥ 0.91 ≤ 1.11 g/kg/d, and HP > 1.11 g/kg/d). PA was assessed by questionnaire and expressed in tertile categories (low, moderate and high; PA1: <0.8 km/d, PA2: ≥0.8 ≤ 3.2 km/d, PA3: >3.2 km/d). RESULTS Participants with energy-adjusted HP had lower appendicular LST (ALST: 16.2 ± 3.8 kg), LST (39.7 ± 8.0 kg) and FM (25.6 ± 8.1 kg) when compared to LP (ALST: 20.1 ± 4.5 kg; LST: 49.5 ± 10.0 kg; FM: 40.8 ± 12.3 kg; P < 0.001) and MP (ALST: 18.2 ± 4.3 kg; LST: 44.1 ± 8.8 kg; FM: 32.2 ± 9.8 kg; P < 0.001). However, when adjusted for total body weight (kg), relative LST was significantly greater in HP (58 ± 9%) when compared to LP (53 ± 9%; P < 0.001) and MP (56 ± 9%; P < 0.001). Participants in PA3 had greater ALST (19.5 ± 5.4 kg), and LST (58 ± 10%), compared to PA1 (ALST: 17.2 ± 4.3 kg; LST: 53 ± 9%; P < 0.001) or PA2 (ALST: 17.7 ± 4.7 kg; LST: 56 ± 9%; P < 0.05). Those in HP + PA3 or MP + PA2 had lower c-reactive protein (CRP; HP + PA3: 5.1 ± 6.8 mg/L; MP + PA2: 6.4 ± 10.0 mg/L), when compared to LP + PA1 (8.7 ± 8.8 mg/L; P < 0.05). Insulin concentration was lower for those in both the HP and PA3 (HP + PA3; 11.4 ± 7.9 IU/mL) compared to those in both the LP and PA1 (LP + PA1; 20.7 ± 16.3 UI/mL) (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The highest tertiles of energy-adjusted protein intake (≥1.11 g/kg/d) and PA (>3.2 km/d) were associated with more desirable indicators of overall body composition and cardiometabolic health, when adjusted for body weight, than those in the lower protein intake and PA in Puerto Rican adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann F Brown
- College of Education, Health & Human Sciences, Department of Movement Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, USA; Institute of Sport Sciences and Medicine, College of Human Sciences, Department of Nutrition, Food and Exercise Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA.
| | - Carla M Prado
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Alberta, Canada.
| | - Sunita Ghosh
- Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Human Nutrition and Performance Laboratory, Alberta, Canada.
| | - Shawn M Leonard
- Institute of Sport Sciences and Medicine, College of Human Sciences, Department of Nutrition, Food and Exercise Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA.
| | - Paul J Arciero
- Health and Human Physiological Sciences Department, Human Nutrition and Metabolism Laboratory, Skidmore College, Saratoga Springs, NY, USA; Psychology Department and Neuroscience Program, Union College, Schenectady, NY, USA.
| | - Katherine L Tucker
- Department of Clinical Laboratory and Nutritional Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA, USA.
| | - Michael J Ormsbee
- Institute of Sport Sciences and Medicine, College of Human Sciences, Department of Nutrition, Food and Exercise Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA; Discipline of Biokinetics, Exercise and Leisure Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.
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Buckingham SA, Williams AJ, Morrissey K, Price L, Harrison J. Mobile health interventions to promote physical activity and reduce sedentary behaviour in the workplace: A systematic review. Digit Health 2019; 5:2055207619839883. [PMID: 30944728 PMCID: PMC6437332 DOI: 10.1177/2055207619839883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective This systematic review aimed to assess the effectiveness, feasibility and acceptability of mobile health (mHealth) technology (including wearable activity monitors and smartphone applications) for promoting physical activity (PA) and reducing sedentary behaviour (SB) in workplace settings. Methods Systematic searches were conducted in seven electronic databases (MEDLINE, SPORTDiscus, Scopus, EMBASE, PsycINFO, Web of Science and the Cochrane library). Studies were included if mHealth was a major intervention component, PA/SB was a primary outcome, and participants were recruited and/or the intervention was delivered in the workplace. Study quality was assessed using the Effective Public Health Practice Project (EPHPP) tool. Interventions were coded for behaviour change techniques (BCTs) using the Coventry, Aberdeen and London - Refined (CALO-RE) taxonomy. Results Twenty-five experimental and quasi-experimental studies were included. Studies were highly heterogeneous and only one was rated as 'strong' methodological quality. Common BCTs included self-monitoring, feedback, goal-setting and social comparison. A total of 14/25 (56%) studies reported a significant increase in PA, and 4/10 (40%) reported a significant reduction in sedentary time; 11/16 (69%) studies reported a significant impact on secondary outcomes including reductions in weight, systolic blood pressure and total cholesterol. While overall acceptability was high, a large decline in technology use and engagement was observed over time. Conclusions While methodological quality was generally weak, there is reasonable evidence for mHealth in a workplace context as a feasible, acceptable and effective tool to promote PA. The impact in the longer term and on SB is less clear. Higher quality, mixed methods studies are needed to explore the reasons for decline in engagement with time and the longer-term potential of mHealth in workplace interventions.Protocol registration: The review protocol was registered with PROSPERO: CRD42017058856.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Ann Buckingham
- European Centre for Environment and Human Health, Knowledge Spa, Royal Cornwall Hospitals NHS Trust, University of Exeter Medical School, Truro, UK
| | - Andrew James Williams
- European Centre for Environment and Human Health, Knowledge Spa, Royal Cornwall Hospitals NHS Trust, University of Exeter Medical School, Truro, UK
| | - Karyn Morrissey
- European Centre for Environment and Human Health, Knowledge Spa, Royal Cornwall Hospitals NHS Trust, University of Exeter Medical School, Truro, UK
| | - Lisa Price
- Sport and Health Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - John Harrison
- Occupational Health Support Unit, Devon and Cornwall Police, Middlemoor, Exeter, UK
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Omar A, Husain MN, Jamil AT, Nor NSM, Ambak R, Fazliana M, Zamri NLA, Aris T. Effect of physical activity on fasting blood glucose and lipid profile among low income housewives in the MyBFF@home study. BMC Womens Health 2018; 18:103. [PMID: 30066645 PMCID: PMC6069292 DOI: 10.1186/s12905-018-0598-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Regular physical activity has always been strongly recommended for good cardiovascular health. This study aimed to determine the effect of physical activity on fasting blood glucose and lipid profile among low income housewives in Klang Valley. METHODS Data of 328 eligible housewives who participated in the MyBFF@Home study was used. Intervention group of 169 subjects were provided with an intervention package which includes physical activity (brisk walking, dumbbell exercise, physical activity diary, group exercise) and 159 subjects in control group received various health seminars. Physical activity level was assessed using short-International Physical Activity Questionnaire. The physical activity level was then re-categorized into 4 categories (active intervention, inactive intervention, active control and inactive control). Physical activity, blood glucose and lipid profile were measured at baseline, 3rd month and 6th month of the study. General Linear Model was used to determine the effect of physical activity on glucose and lipid profile. RESULTS At the 6th month, there were 99 subjects in the intervention and 79 control group who had complete data for physical activity. There was no difference on the effect of physical activity on the glucose level and lipid profile except for the Triglycerides level. Both intervention and control groups showed reduction of physical activity level over time. CONCLUSION The effect of physical activity on blood glucose and lipid profile could not be demonstrated possibly due to physical activity in both intervention and control groups showed decreasing trend over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azahadi Omar
- Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Normazlan Husain
- Department of Community Health, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ahmad Taufik Jamil
- Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi Mara, UiTM Sg Buloh Campus, Sungai Buloh, Selangor Malaysia
| | - Noor Safiza Mohamad Nor
- Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Rashidah Ambak
- Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mansor Fazliana
- Institute for Medical Research, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nur Liyana Ahamad Zamri
- Institute for Medical Research, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Tahir Aris
- Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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The Effect of a Leisure Time Physical Activity Intervention Delivered via a Workplace: 15-Month Follow-Up Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15020264. [PMID: 29401699 PMCID: PMC5858333 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15020264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2017] [Revised: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
In line with recommendations from both the World Health Organization and the European Union some employers encourage workplace health promotion through physical activity (PA) facilities and leisure time PA-initiatives. The current study describes a 15-month follow-up after an 8-week workplace delivered PA-initiative, investigates if improvements in cardiovascular risk status are sustainable, and elucidates differences according to educational level. One hundred and twenty one employees (43 women) were examined before and after the 8-week PA-initiative and 94 at the 15-month follow-up. PA-levels, blood pressure, resting heart rate, lipids, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), C-reactive protein (CRP), and selected markers of inflammation were registered at baseline, immediately after the 8-week PA-initiative, and 15 months after baseline. At the end of follow-up (15-month), PA-levels—increased during the 8-week intervention—had returned to baseline values. None of the five improvements in cardiovascular markers (total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (LDL), P-selectin, CD40Ligand (CD40L) and Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1)) seen at the 8-week follow-up were sustained. At the 15-month follow-up as compared to baseline HbA1c, CRP (log) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were reduced by 0.06 mmol/L (95% CI −0.11,−0.01), 0.25 mg/L (95% CI −0.46,−0.04) and 0.39 pg/mL (95% CI −0.75, −0.04), respectively. At baseline, there were differences in cardiovascular risk factors comparing men with low versus high levels of education. No differences in changes in outcomes between these groups of men were found during follow-up. In this study highly educated men generally have lower levels of cardiovascular risk factors, but the effect of PA on such markers in this group do not differ from the effects seen in less educated men.
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Lunde LK, Skare Ø, Aass HCD, Mamen A, Einarsdóttir E, Ulvestad B, Skogstad M. Physical activity initiated by employer induces improvements in a novel set of biomarkers of inflammation: an 8-week follow-up study. Eur J Appl Physiol 2017; 117:521-532. [PMID: 28185008 PMCID: PMC5346428 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-016-3533-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2016] [Accepted: 12/30/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Purpose We investigated the level of pro- and anti-inflammatory biomarkers before and after 8 weeks of unsupervised physical activity (PA) initiated by employer. Methods During autumn 2014, background data, blood samples and self-reported exercise level were collected from 76 men and 41 women in a Norwegian road maintenance company. Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), leptin, adiponectin, p-selectin and CD40 ligand (CD40L) were analyzed. \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$${\dot V}{{\rm{O}}_{{\rm{2max}}}}$$\end{document}V˙O2max was measured in a subgroup of 50 subjects. Results With reference point of exercise ≤1 time/week, we found that participants who exercised 2–3 times/week had higher \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$${\dot V}{{\rm{O}}_{{\rm{2max}}}}$$\end{document}V˙O2max values (5.6 mL kg−1 min−1; 95% CI [1.3, 9.9]). MCP-1 was lower in those who exercised ≥ 4 times/week (−81.98 pg/ml [−142.9, −21.0]). IL-6 and p-selectin levels were lower in females who exercised ≥4 times/week (−1.04 pg/ml [−2.04, −0.03] and −13.75 ng/ml [−24.03, −3.48]). Leptin was lower in participants who exercised 2–3 times/week (−0.39 µg/ml ln [−0.68, −0.09]) and ≥4 times/week (−0.69 µg/ml ln [−1.10, −0.28]). During follow-up, \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$${\dot V}{{\rm{O}}_{{\rm{2max}}}}$$\end{document}V˙O2max increased (2.9 mL kg−1 min−1 [1.5, 4.3]), while p-selectin and CD40L decreased (−2.33 ng/ml [−3.78, −0.87] and 718.14 ng/ml [−1368, −68]). MCP-1 levels decreased among men (−32.70 pg/ml [−51.21, −14.19]). A joint analysis of all biomarkers (inversed adiponectin) showed that those who exercised ≥4 times/week at baseline had lower total levels of biomarkers and that total biomarker levels decreased during follow-up. Conclusions Exercising several times a week was associated with less inflammation compared to exercising once a week or less. During the 8-week follow-up, total levels of biomarkers of inflammation improved. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s00421-016-3533-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars-Kristian Lunde
- Department of Work Psychology and Physiology, National Institute of Occupational Health, Box 8149 Dep., 0033, Oslo, Norway
| | - Øivind Skare
- Department of Occupational Medicine and Epidemiology, National Institute of Occupational Health, Box 8149 Dep., 0033, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Hans C D Aass
- The Blood Cell Research Group, Section of Research, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Oslo University Hospital, Ullevål, Norway
| | - Asgeir Mamen
- Norwegian School of Health Sciences, Kristiania University College, Box 1190 Sentrum, 0107, Oslo, Norway
| | - Elín Einarsdóttir
- Department of Chemical and Biological Work Environment, National Institute of Occupational Health, Box 8149 Dep., 0033, Oslo, Norway
| | - Bente Ulvestad
- Department of Occupational Medicine and Epidemiology, National Institute of Occupational Health, Box 8149 Dep., 0033, Oslo, Norway
| | - Marit Skogstad
- Department of Occupational Medicine and Epidemiology, National Institute of Occupational Health, Box 8149 Dep., 0033, Oslo, Norway
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