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Sun D, Zhu X, Bao Z. The relationship between physical activity and anxiety in college students: exploring the mediating role of lifestyle habits and dietary nutrition. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1296154. [PMID: 38974098 PMCID: PMC11224536 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1296154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Physical activity has been shown to be effective in treating and improving anxiety in college students. However, no studies have been conducted to examine the relationship between physical activity and anxiety in college students through mediating factors such as dietary nutrition and lifestyle habits. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the mediating role of lifestyle and dietary nutrition in the relationship between physical activity and anxiety. Methods This study used a stratified random sampling method to survey 498 college students from three universities in Fujian, China. Data on participants' demographic characteristics, physical activity, lifestyle habits, and dietary nutrition were collected and analyzed using SPSS software. The proposed structural equation model was analyzed using Amos software. Results The results of the study showed that dietary nutrition and lifestyle habits had significant independent mediating effects and continuous multiple mediating effects (p < 0.01) in the effects of physical activity on college students' anxiety. Dietary nutrition and lifestyle habits played an independent mediating role, accounting for 24.9% of the total effect; there was also a continuous multiple mediating effect between dietary nutrition and lifestyle habits, accounting for 13.27% of the total effect value. In addition, physical activity had a direct effect value on anxiety in college students, accounting for 36.93% of the total effect value. Conclusion By increasing the behavior and awareness of college students to participate in physical activity, supplemented by guiding them to develop regular lifestyle habits and correct dietary nutritional patterns, the anxiety level of college students can be effectively improved and reduced. This type of regulation is an important reference for the self-management and rehabilitation of college students with anxiety disorders. Future studies can experimentally develop a combined intervention of physical activity, lifestyle habits, and dietary nutritional to help college students better cope with anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dezhuo Sun
- Faculty of Education, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
- Faculty of Physical Education, Putian University, Putian, China
| | - Xiangfei Zhu
- Faculty of Education, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Zhonghan Bao
- Faculty of Education, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
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Gutiérrez-Pérez IA, Delgado-Floody P, Molina-Gutiérrez N, Campos-Jara C, Parra-Rojas I, Contreras-Osorio FH, Falfán-Valencia R, Castro-Alarcón N, Guzmán-Guzmán IP. Changes in lifestyle and physical and mental health related to long-confinement due COVID-19: a study during the first and second pandemic waves in Mexico and Chile. PSYCHOL HEALTH MED 2024; 29:174-190. [PMID: 37966812 DOI: 10.1080/13548506.2023.2281295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
We investigate changes in lifestyle, physical, and mental health during the confinement period of the first and second waves of COVID-19, as well as their relation to sociodemographic parameters and confinement status. Sociodemographic data and information regarding changes in their lifestyle behavior and changes in body weight and physical activity (PA) were collected. The SF-36 questionnaire was implemented for measuring the domains related to physical health (PH) and mental health (MH). The growth frequency of weight gain in the Mexican (4.8%) and Chilean (10.9%) populations was observed during the second wave. The MH component decreased in the Mexican and the Chilean population (p < 0.05). Moreover, the MH decreased significantly according to the degree of confinement (p < 0.01). Although some sociodemographic factors were related to the presence of a very low score (<50 scores) for the MH component during the first wave, it is perceived as a higher relative risk during the second wave in both populations. The long confinement due to COVID-19 is associated to negative changes in nutritional and physical lifestyle behavior, affecting mainly the MH component.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pedro Delgado-Floody
- Department of Physical Education, Sport, and Recreation, Universidad de la Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Nacim Molina-Gutiérrez
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Physical Therapy, Universidad Católica de Maule, Talca, Chile
| | | | - Isela Parra-Rojas
- Faculty of Chemical-Biological Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Mexico
| | | | - Ramcés Falfán-Valencia
- HLA Laboratory, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
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Zhang Q, Zhang G, Dang J. Enjoy exercise more: The effects of dual-channel evaluative conditioning on implicit attitudes toward exercise. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2023; 33:2381-2389. [PMID: 37565717 DOI: 10.1111/sms.14465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Researchers have been looking for effective interventions to promote physical activity due to its great impact on both physical and mental health. In two studies, the current research investigated (1) whether evaluative conditioning could increase implicit attitudes toward exercise; (2) whether dual-channel evaluative conditioning had a greater influence compared to single-channel evaluative conditioning. In Study 1, results from 32 participants (7 males, 25 females; Mage = 19.470, SDage = 1.174) were used to compare the audiovisual dual-channel with the visual single-channel evaluative conditioning. In Study 2, we analyzed data from 100 participants (35 males, 65 females; Mage = 20.990, SDage = 3.141) and compared the visual-kinesthetic dual-channel with the visual single-channel evaluative conditioning. The results showed that individuals' implicit attitudes toward exercise were more positively affected by dual-channel than single-channel evaluative conditioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhang
- School of Psychology, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Guoli Zhang
- School of Psychology, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Junhua Dang
- School of Education, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, China
- Anhui Engineering Research Center for Intelligent Computing and Application on Cognitive Behavior (ICACB), Anhui, China
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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Scarabottolo CC, Tebar WR, Gobbo LA, Ohara D, Ferreira AD, da Silva Canhin D, Christofaro DGD. Analysis of different domains of physical activity with health-related quality of life in adults: 2-year cohort. Health Qual Life Outcomes 2022; 20:71. [PMID: 35488344 PMCID: PMC9052447 DOI: 10.1186/s12955-022-01981-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is estimated that, worldwide, 9% of deaths occur as a result of insufficient physical activity (PA) practice. Practicing PA can prevent and/or reduce the deleterious effects of different types of diseases and can improve general health aspects related to health-related quality of life (HRQoL). PURPOSE To analyze the relationship of different PA domains with different HRQoL domains over a two-year period. METHODS This is an observational study with a two-year longitudinal design. The sample, composed of adults, was selected from a randomization of the streets of the different regions (north, south, east, west and center) covering individuals from all areas of the city. To assess the practice of PA, the Baecke questionnaire was used. The instrument Medical Outcomes Study SF-36-Item Short Form Health Survey was used to assess the HRQoL domains. Linear regression models were used to analyzed the association of different PA domains with changes in HRQoL. Multivariate statistical models were adjusted for gender, age, socioeconomic status, marital status, the respective PA score at baseline, smoking, body mass index, and morbidity. RESULTS 331 adults were evaluated. There was a decrease in the practice of PA in the occupational domain and an increase in the leisure/locomotion domain. Regarding HRQoL, there was an increase in the scores of body pain and mental health, and a decrease in scores of general health, vitality, social aspects and emotional aspects. The PA practice in the occupational domain was inversely related to functional capacity (β = - 7.2 [CI 95% - 13.0; - 1.4]). The practice of PA through sports in leisure time was positively associated with vitality (β = 5.5 [CI 95% 0.2; 10.7]) and mental health (β = 15.2 [CI 95% 6.8; 23.7]). PA practice during leisure and locomotion was inversely associated with functional capacity (β = - 5.68 [CI 95% - 10.7; - 0.6]) and positively associated with vitality β = 4.8 [CI 95% 0.8; 8.7]) and mental health (β = 8.4 [CI 95% 2.0; 14.9]). The total PA practice was inversely associated with functional capacity (β = - 3.8 [CI 95% - 6.5; - 1.2]) and positively associated with pain in the body (β = 4.9 [CI 95% 0.3; 9.4]), vitality (β = 2.9 [CI 95% 0.7; 5.0]) and mental health (β = 5.7 [CI 95% 2.2; 9.2]). CONCLUSIONS It is suggested that practicing PA continuously within a period of two years can positively affect some physical aspects and some mental aspects related to HRQoL, but not all of them. A strategy for public policy actions is to explore these variables by domain and thus detect the real needs and improvements that can be made for the population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina Covolo Scarabottolo
- School of Technology and Sciences, Graduate Program in Movement Sciences, Physical Education Department, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Rua Roberto Simonsen, 305, Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, CEP: 19060-900, Brazil.
| | - William Rodrigues Tebar
- Center of Clinical and Epidemiological Research, University Hospital, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luis Alberto Gobbo
- School of Technology and Sciences, Graduate Program in Movement Sciences, Physical Education Department, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Rua Roberto Simonsen, 305, Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, CEP: 19060-900, Brazil
| | - David Ohara
- Department of Health Sciences, Santa Cruz State University, Ilhéus, Brazil
| | - Aline Duarte Ferreira
- Physiotherapy Department, University of Western São Paulo (UNOESTE), Presidente Prudente, Brazil
| | - Daniel da Silva Canhin
- School of Technology and Sciences, Graduate Program in Movement Sciences, Physical Education Department, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Rua Roberto Simonsen, 305, Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, CEP: 19060-900, Brazil
| | - Diego Giulliano Destro Christofaro
- School of Technology and Sciences, Graduate Program in Movement Sciences, Physical Education Department, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Rua Roberto Simonsen, 305, Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, CEP: 19060-900, Brazil.,School of Technology and Sciences, Graduate Program in Physiotherapy, Physiotherapy Department, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Presidente Prudente, Brazil
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Lifestyle and Sociodemographic Parameters Associated with Mental and Physical Health during COVID-19 Confinement in Three Ibero-American Countries. A Cross-Sectional Pilot Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18105450. [PMID: 34069747 PMCID: PMC8160692 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18105450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Background: The aim of the present study was to determine the association between the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) with sociodemographic parameters and lifestyle during COVID-19 confinement in Mexico, Chile, and Spain. Methods: A cross-sectional pilot study, with 742 observations of online surveys in 422, 190, and 130 individuals from Mexico, Chile, and Spain, respectively. Sociodemographic data, presence of comorbidities, food habits, and physical activity (PA) patterns were evaluated. The HRQoL was evaluated according to the SF-36 Health Survey. The multilinear regression analysis was developed to determine the association of variables with HRQoL and its physical and mental health dimensions. Results: The female sex in the three countries reported negative association with HRQoL (Mexico: β −4.45, p = 0.004; Chile: β −8.48, p < 0.001; Spain: β −6.22, p = 0.009). Similarly, bad eating habits were associated negatively with HRQoL (Mexico: β −6.64, p < 0.001; Chile: β −6.66, p = 0.005; Spain: β −5.8, p = 0.032). In Mexico, PA limitations presented a negative association with HRQoL (β −4.71, p = 0.011). In Chile, a sedentary lifestyle (h/day) was linked negatively with HRQoL (β −0.64, p = 0.005). In Spain, the highest associations with HRQoL were the presence of comorbidity (β −11.03, p < 0.001) and smoking (β −6.72, p = 0.02). Moreover, the PA limitation in Mexico (β −5.67, p = 0.023) and Chile (β −9.26, p = 0.035) was linked negatively with mental health. Conclusions: The bad eating habits, PA limitations, female sex, comorbidity presence, and smoking were parameters linked negatively with HRQoL.
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O’Brien L, Forster J. Physical Activity Supporting Connection to Nature, and Helping to Maintain Wellbeing during the Covid-19 Restrictions in England. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:4585. [PMID: 33926000 PMCID: PMC8123673 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18094585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The Covid-19 pandemic and the restrictions put in place to prevent or reduce the spread of the disease led to anxiety, concern and stress for many people. In England restrictions varied at different times of the year, and throughout this time there was a lot of attention focused on the importance of exercise and on engaging with nature to maintain wellbeing. We undertook an online survey that ran for six weeks in June/July 2020 and gained a response from 2115 people, of which 25% were male and 74% female, with 35% aged 16-44 and 65% aged 45+. This survey focused on people who were already interested or engaged with nature. We explored whether being physically activity changed or not, if being active impacted people's wellbeing and whether those who were active benefited from connecting to nature. We found that those meeting the government recommended levels of physical activity in the previous week, of 150 min, were more likely to maintain their overall wellbeing through feeling that the things they did in their life were worthwhile (p < 0.0001) and reported an increase in feelings of connection to nature (p < 0.0001). While those who did less than 30 min of physical activity in the previous week were less happy (p < 0.0001) and more anxious than usual (p < 0.0001). The research highlights the importance of physical activity and contact with nature and how these can play important roles in maintaining people's everyday wellbeing under extremely difficult national circumstances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liz O’Brien
- Forest Research, Social and Economic Research Group, Farnham GU10 4LH, UK;
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López-Bueno R, Bláfoss R, Calatayud J, López-Sánchez GF, Smith L, Andersen LL, Casajús JA. Association Between Physical Activity and Odds of Chronic Conditions Among Workers in Spain. Prev Chronic Dis 2020; 17:E121. [PMID: 33034558 PMCID: PMC7553219 DOI: 10.5888/pcd17.200105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Prevention of chronic conditions is a major public health challenge, and achieving minimum recommended levels of physical activity aids in reaching this objective. The aim of our study was to investigate whether levels of physical activity were associated with the prevalence of common chronic conditions among the Spanish workforce. METHODS We retrieved data from the Spanish National Health Survey 2017 (N = 9,695) in which the mean age of participants was 44.4 (standard deviation, 10.4 y), and 47.4% were women. Workers self-reported a set of 6 chronic conditions (ie, chronic low-back pain, chronic neck pain, diabetes, hypertension, depression, and anxiety), and we used the International Physical Activity Questionnaire short form to estimate physical activity. We performed multivariable logistic regression adjusted for possible confounders to assess associations between physical activity and chronic conditions. RESULTS The final adjusted model showed that performing less than 600 metabolic equivalent-minutes per week of physical activity was associated with significantly increased odds for chronic conditions (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.18; 95% CI, 1.07-1.30). Of the sex and age subgroups analyzed, this association was significant in men aged 17 to 44 (aOR = 1.21; 95% CI, 1.00-1.46). Among chronic conditions, low-back pain and anxiety were associated with low levels of physical activity, whereas covariates such as body mass index, smoking habits, education level, and occupational class had an important influence on the association between physical activity and chronic conditions. CONCLUSION Results suggest that achieving sufficient physical activity could reduce chronic conditions among Spanish workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubén López-Bueno
- Department of Physical Medicine and Nursing, University of Zaragoza, Domingo Miral, Zaragoza, 50009, Spain. E-mail: .,Musculoskeletal Disorders and Physical Workload, National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Rúni Bláfoss
- Musculoskeletal Disorders and Physical Workload, National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, Muscle Research Cluster, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Joaquín Calatayud
- Musculoskeletal Disorders and Physical Workload, National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Exercise Intervention for Health Research Group (EXINH-RG), Department of Physiotherapy, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Lee Smith
- The Cambridge Centre for Sports and Exercise Sciences, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Lars L Andersen
- Musculoskeletal Disorders and Physical Workload, National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - José A Casajús
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.,Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development Research Group, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.,Biomedical Research Networking Centre about Nutrition and Obesity Physiopathology (CIBER-OBN), Madrid, Spain
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López-Bueno R, Calatayud J, Ezzatvar Y, Casajús JA, Smith L, Andersen LL, López-Sánchez GF. Association Between Current Physical Activity and Current Perceived Anxiety and Mood in the Initial Phase of COVID-19 Confinement. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:729. [PMID: 32793013 PMCID: PMC7390883 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The World Health Organization (WHO) has declared a world pandemic due to COVID-19, and several enacted measures such as compulsory confinement may have collateral consequences on both physical and mental health. We aimed to investigate associations between current physical activity (PA) and current perceived anxiety and mood among a sample of Spanish adults confined due to COVID-19 restrictions of movement. Using an online survey, we collected data on the Spanish adult population regarding health habits during the first days of enacted confinement. A total of 2250 participants (54.8% women) aged 35.3 (SD 13.6) completed the survey, which included questions about sociodemographic characteristics (i.e. age, gender, civil status, education, and occupation), health habits (i.e. prior PA, alcohol consumption, smoking, screen exposure, and sleep hours) and COVID-19 confinement context (i.e. number of isolation days, solitude, and exposure to COVID-19). Physical Activity Vital Sign (PAVS) short form was used to estimate weekly minutes of PA, whereas a single-item question was used to assess both current perceived anxiety and mood. We conducted weighted binomial logistic regressions to check associations between current adherence to WHO guidelines of PA and current perceived anxiety and mood of confined adults. Significant inverse associations between overall adherence to PA and current perceived anxiety in the final adjusted model (OR, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.54-0.79) as well as in several subgroup analyses such as younger women were observed. In addition, a borderline significant inverse association was found between current PA and current perceived worse mood when fully adjusted (OR, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.68-1.00); this association was significantly stronger in women than men. The results of the present study indicate that current PA adherence to WHO guidelines in the initial phase of COVID-19 confinement associates with both lower current perceived anxiety and lower current perceived worse mood among a sample of Spanish adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubén López-Bueno
- Department of Physical Medicine and Nursing, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Department of Musculoskeletal Disorders, National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Joaquín Calatayud
- Department of Musculoskeletal Disorders, National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Exercise Intervention for Health Research Group (EXINH-RG), Department of Physiotherapy, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Yasmin Ezzatvar
- Exercise Intervention for Health Research Group (EXINH-RG), Department of Physiotherapy, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - José A. Casajús
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Lee Smith
- Cambridge Centre for Sport and Exercise Science, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Lars L. Andersen
- Department of Musculoskeletal Disorders, National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
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