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Armoon B, Hosseini Koukamari P, Rouhani MR, Gharegozloo L, Karimy M, Coetzer-Liversage A. Comparison of Quality of Life and Coping Strategies among Firefighters and Emergency Medical Services Personnel in Saveh, Iran. New Solut 2024:10482911241258256. [PMID: 39051618 DOI: 10.1177/10482911241258256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Emergency medical service (EMS) personnel and firefighters (FFs) are first responders in dangerous and stressful situations. They experience high stress due to the nature of their jobs, which can affect their quality of life and various health dimensions. This study aimed to compare quality of life, job stress, and coping strategies in a sample of EMS personnel and FF employees in Iran. This cross-sectional study included 186 FFs and EMS, who were selected using a census sampling method. Our results showed that FFs had a better quality of life, lower perceived stress, and better coping skills than EMS. Individuals living in rural areas, government officials, and staff with regular work shifts also reported less perceived stress. Furthermore, our results indicated a negative and significant correlation between perceived stress and quality of life and a positive and significant correlation between stress management and quality of life in both groups. Given the inevitability of stress in EMS and FF jobs, policymakers need to take interventional measures to reduce anxiety and enhance the quality of life and work for these personnel. Occupational health policies in Iran generally follow the International Labor Organizational recommended standards, however, more attention to managerial interventions that reduce job demands and job stress combined with health promotion programs to improve coping are advised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahram Armoon
- Department of public health, faculty of health, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Saveh University of medical sciences, Saveh, Iran
| | - Parisa Hosseini Koukamari
- Department of health education and promotion, Social Determinants of Health Research Center Saveh University of medical sciences, Saveh, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Rouhani
- Internal medicine department, faculty of medicine, Saveh University of medical sciences, Saveh, Iran
| | - Leila Gharegozloo
- Department of public health, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Saveh University of medical sciences, Saveh, Iran
| | - Mahmood Karimy
- Department of public health, faculty of health, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Saveh University of medical sciences, Saveh
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Lu SH, Yiin JJ, Lin YP, Lee KC. Effect of a Web-Based Integrative Support Intervention to Improve Family Caregiver Positive Caregiving Experience and Quality of Life: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Cancer Nurs 2024:00002820-990000000-00270. [PMID: 39016271 DOI: 10.1097/ncc.0000000000001387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer caregivers experience significant stress due to their multifaceted role. Current support methods are limited by unidimensional assessments. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate a Web-based support system aimed at reducing caregiver stress and anxiety, and improving resilience, vigilance, and quality of life, using both subjective and objective measures. METHODS A randomized controlled trial with a single-center, 2-arm parallel design and longitudinal assessment was conducted in Taiwan. Caregivers of patients recently diagnosed with cancer were randomly allocated to either a standard care group or an intervention group that received enhanced nurse-led support. Metrics including psychological resilience, caregiver burden, anxiety, quality of life, stress levels, and vigilance were systematically evaluated on a monthly basis over a period of 5 months, starting from the initial baseline measurement. RESULTS Following the intervention, participants in the intervention group exhibited statistically significant reductions in caregiver burden and anxiety, alongside a notable improvement in resilience. Objective evaluations revealed a significant reduction in stress levels within this group. However, there were no discernible differences in vigilance and quality of life metrics between the intervention and control groups. CONCLUSION The Web-based program effectively reduced caregiver stress and burden, as indicated by multiple metrics. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE This accessible and efficient Web-based support is beneficial for cancer caregivers facing diverse challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Hua Lu
- Author Affiliations: School of Nursing, China Medical University (Drs Lu, Lin, and Lee); and Department of Neurosurgery, Neurological Institute, Taichung Veterans General Hospital (Dr Yiin), Taichung, Taiwan
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Taube F, Larsson I, Navren M, Ekblom Ö. Changes in haemoglobin and ferritin levels during basic combat training: relevance for attrition and injury frequency. BMJ Mil Health 2024:e002656. [PMID: 38688678 DOI: 10.1136/military-2023-002656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The primary aim of the present study was to assess interindividual and intraindividual variations in haemoglobin and ferritin concentrations in Swedish recruits over 5 months of basic combat training (BCT). The secondary aim was to find predictors for missing training (a precursor for attrition) and overuse injuries during BCT. METHODS In a cohort design, a total of 58 female and 104 male recruits provided complete data. We assessed the ferritin concentrations and haemoglobin concentrations at baseline and after 5 months of BCT and physical work capacity at baseline. RESULTS During BCT, haemoglobin concentrations increased significantly in both females and males. Ferritin concentrations decreased significantly in both sexes and the prevalence of iron deficiency (ID) (ie, ferritin levels <30 µg/L) increased significantly in females. The physical work capacity at baseline was related to the risk of missing training in fully adjusted models. In gender-adjusted analyses, baseline ferritin was related to the risk of overuse injury, but neither baseline nor change in iron status was related to injuries or risk of missing training when controlling for confounders. Body mass increased significantly in both genders, but we found no correlation between individual change in body mass and change in haemoglobin or ferritin nor was change in body mass related to the risk of overuse injury or missing training. CONCLUSION In the present study, the prevalence of ID increased over the course of 5 months, while haemoglobin concentrations increased. As baseline physical work capacity was related to missing training, there are reasons to support preparatory physical training before BCT. These findings may inform future preventive interventions aimed at preventing detrimental effects of ID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Taube
- Research Centre for Disaster Medicine, Institute for Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, Goteborg, Sweden
- Joint Centre for Defence Medicine, Swedish Armed Forces Göta Älvsgatan 426 05, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - I Larsson
- Unit of Clinical Nutrition, Regional Obesity Centre, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Blå Stråket 5, 413 4, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - M Navren
- Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Defence Health, Command and Control Regiment, Enköping, Enköping, Sweden
| | - Ö Ekblom
- Department of Physical Activity and Health, The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Nursin, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Rostamzadeh S, Abouhossein A, Vosoughi S, Gendeshmin SB, Yarahmadi R. Stress influence on real-world driving identified by monitoring heart rate variability and morphologic variability of electrocardiogram signals: the case of intercity roads. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND ERGONOMICS 2024; 30:252-263. [PMID: 38083847 DOI: 10.1080/10803548.2023.2293391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Objectives. This study examines which of the heart rate variability (HRV) and morphologic variability (MV) metrics may have the highest accuracy in different stress detection during real-world driving. Methods. The cross-sectional study was carried out among 93 intercity mini-bus male drivers aged 22-67 years. The Trillium 5000 Holter Recorder and GARMIN Virb Elite camera were used to determine heart rate and vehicle speed measurements along the path, respectively. We considered the HRV and MV metrics of electrocardiogram (ECG) signals including the mean RR interval (mRR), mean heart rate (mHR), normalized low-frequency spectrum (nLF), normalized high-frequency spectrum (nHF), normalized very low-frequency spectrum (nVLF), difference of normalized low-frequency spectrum and normalized high-frequency spectrum (dLFHF), and sympathovagal balance index (SVI). Results. The analysis showed that the HRV metrics mHR, mRR, nVLF, nLF, nHF, dLFHF and SVI are effective in mental stress detection while driving as compared to rest time. We obtained a high accuracy of stress detection for MV metrics as compared to the traditional HRV analysis, of approximately 92%. Conclusions. Our findings indicate that driver stress could be detected with an accuracy of 92% using MV metrics as an accurate physiological index of the driver's state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajjad Rostamzadeh
- Occupational Health Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Iran
| | - Alireza Abouhossein
- School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Iran
| | - Shahram Vosoughi
- School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Iran
| | | | - Rasoul Yarahmadi
- School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Iran
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Tomes CD, Canetti EFD, Schram B, Orr R. Heart rate variability profile changes associated with specialist police selection activities: A case study. Work 2024; 77:1295-1303. [PMID: 38189726 DOI: 10.3233/wor-230297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Police Tactical Groups (PTGs) are specialist police units tasked with rigorous physical and psychosocial duties. Consequently, selection courses (SCs) for service in these units must also be rigorous. Given the intensity of SCs, holistic monitoring for potential overstress may be beneficial. Heart Rate Variability (HRV) is one holistic stress measure that can be obtained in austere environments. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to profile HRV during a PTG SC. Six (n = 6) qualified male police officers attempted a 36-hour PTG selection course held at an Australian state facility. METHODS HRV was obtained from Equivitaltrademark EQ02 + LifeMonitor bioharnesses. The selection course consisted of physically demanding events with minimal sleep (approx. 45 mins). Only one candidate completed the full selection course; whose results are reported here. RESULTS A visual time-series of 384 consecutive 5 min HRV analyses was generated. Contextual analysis was applied to appreciate HRV changes between SC serials. HRV decline occurred during the planning of a navigation exercise and a pack march. Increases in HRV were observed throughout the pack march exercise and rest period. CONCLUSION This case study demonstrates the potential utility for selection personnel to obtain additional insight into candidate responses to various occupational challenges throughout an SC. Information provided by HRV monitoring may support leadership decisions when evaluating personnel holistically. For example, the ability to continue occupational task execution even while experiencing potential overstress (as measured by HRV) and after food and sleep deprivation is desirable. HRV may potentially inform stakeholders regarding overstress in PTG candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colin D Tomes
- Faculty of Health Science and Medicine, Bond University, Robina, QLD, Australia
- Tactical Research Unit, Bond University, Robina, QLD, Australia
| | - Elisa F D Canetti
- Faculty of Health Science and Medicine, Bond University, Robina, QLD, Australia
- Tactical Research Unit, Bond University, Robina, QLD, Australia
| | - Ben Schram
- Faculty of Health Science and Medicine, Bond University, Robina, QLD, Australia
- Tactical Research Unit, Bond University, Robina, QLD, Australia
| | - Robin Orr
- Faculty of Health Science and Medicine, Bond University, Robina, QLD, Australia
- Tactical Research Unit, Bond University, Robina, QLD, Australia
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Thompson AG, Ramadan JH, Alexander JS, Galster SM. Psychophysiology, Cognitive Function, and Musculoskeletal Status Holistically Explain Tactical Performance Readiness and Resilience. J Strength Cond Res 2023; 37:2443-2456. [PMID: 38015734 DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000004580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Thompson, AG, Ramadan, JH, Alexander, JS, and Galster, SM. Psychophysiology, cognitive function, and musculoskeletal status holistically explain tactical performance readiness and resilience. J Strength Cond Res 37(12): 2443-2456, 2023-This study aimed to advance the techniques used in quantifying holistic readiness and resilience within military personnel. Tactical performers, instructors, and applied human performance scientists designed a weeklong competition to reflect realistic operational demands, test specific underlying performance constructs, and elucidate how modernized assessments could drive programmatic action. By placing first in their installation's local preliminary competition, 34 active-duty Marines earned the opportunity to compete in a series of 7 intense events for the title of champion. All inferential statistics were set to a p ≤ 0.05 level of significance. Morning heart rate variability identified top from bottom quartile finishers before a single competition event. By day 3, morning countermovement jump force production (normalized reactive strength index-modified) and cognitive psychomotor vigilance were significant indicators of performance resilience and final competition group rank. Heart rate variability also tracked performer readiness across time, identifying within-group and between-group differences among top, bottom, and field. Collectively, these holistic assessments proved significant markers of acute and chronic tactical performance capabilities. In summary, the incorporation of psychophysiological monitoring, cognitive performance testing, and musculoskeletal force plate evaluations could help inform selection and support needs, drive workload or recovery modulation, and provide critical metrics for evaluating training efficacy and operational readiness. Defense organizations should consider routinely incorporating and actioning similar holistic status monitoring strategies in training and operational settings. Moreover, leveraging other tactical competitions may provide key opportunities for advancing the standard of practice through additional scientific investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew G Thompson
- Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia
- Center for Initial Military Training, US Army Training and Doctrine Command, Fort Eustis, Virginia
| | - Jad H Ramadan
- Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia
| | - Jacob S Alexander
- High Intensity Tactical Training, Semper Fit & Recreation Branch, Marine & Family Programs Division, Marine Corps Base Quantico, Quantico, Virginia
- Martial Arts and Fitness Center of Excellence, The Basic School, Marine Corps Base Quantico, Quantico, Virginia; and
| | - Scott M Galster
- Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia
- Applied Sciences, Mile 2 LLC, Dayton, Ohio
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Marvin G, Schram B, Orr R, Canetti EFD. Occupation-Induced Fatigue and Impacts on Emergency First Responders: A Systematic Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:7055. [PMID: 37998287 PMCID: PMC10671419 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20227055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Fatigue in emergency first responders (EFRs) is known to affect performance abilities and safety outcomes for both patients and EFRs. The primary aim of this review was to determine the main contributors to occupation-induced fatigue in EFRs and its subsequent impacts. Following the PRIMSA checklist, academic databases (Medline, Embase, CINAHL, and SPORTDiscus) were searched using key terms with results subjected to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Populations of interest were firefighters, paramedics, or emergency call centre personnel. Of the 5633 records identified, 43 studies, which reported on 186 unique measures from a total population of 6373 participants, informed the review. Synthesis revealed fatigue was caused by lack of sleep during the shift and consistent poor sleep quality which negatively impacted cognitive function, alertness, and physical and mental health while increasing safety-compromising behaviours and injuries. Both subjective and objective assessments of fatigue are necessary for effective risk management in EFRs. EFRs that are consistently fatigued are at a greater risk of poor physical and mental health, reduced cognitive function, and increased injuries. No studies reported on fatigue in emergency call centre personnel, highlighting a literature gap. Funding was provided by the Australian Capital Territory Emergency Services Agency. Preregistration was filed in OSF: osf.io/26f3s.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graham Marvin
- Tactical Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences & Medicine, Bond University, Robina, QLD 4226, Australia
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Tomes CD, Canetti EFD, Schram B, Orr R. Heart Rate Variability Assessment of Land Navigation and Load Carriage Activities in Specialist Police Selection. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:2677. [PMID: 37830716 PMCID: PMC10572114 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11192677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Police tactical group (PTG) personnel are exposed to physical, mental, and emotional stressors. Consequently, PTG selection courses (SCs) impart similar challenges, often resulting in candidate attrition. Holistic assessment may provide additional support to stakeholders given these risks. Heart Rate Variability (HRV) is an objective holistic stress measure that may be applicable in PTG SCs but has not been thoroughly researched. Therefore, this study aimed to report HRV data in an end-user accessible format and determine the relationship between HRV and attrition. A total of 18 qualified Australian State law enforcement officers completed a 1-day physical readiness assessment. Of those, six males progressed to an additional two-day course, on which this study is focused. This two-day selection consisted of additional physical challenges and occupational assessments. HRV was obtained from 2-lead ECGs and defined as the percentage of R-R intervals that varied by ≥50 ms (pRR50). Data were summarized in a heat map of consecutive short-term analyses. Three candidates withdrew. A logistic regression based on heat map data found high HRV was significant for predicting attrition, χ2 (6) = 8.318, p = 0.004. HRV may provide insight for PTG stakeholders monitoring attrition. While the sample size was limited and replication is needed, this study tentatively establishes value for HRV monitoring in PTG SCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colin D. Tomes
- Faculty of Health Science and Medicine, Bond University, Robina, QLD 4226, Australia; (E.F.D.C.); (B.S.)
- Tactical Research Unit, Bond University, Robina, QLD 4226, Australia
| | - Elisa F. D. Canetti
- Faculty of Health Science and Medicine, Bond University, Robina, QLD 4226, Australia; (E.F.D.C.); (B.S.)
- Tactical Research Unit, Bond University, Robina, QLD 4226, Australia
| | - Ben Schram
- Faculty of Health Science and Medicine, Bond University, Robina, QLD 4226, Australia; (E.F.D.C.); (B.S.)
- Tactical Research Unit, Bond University, Robina, QLD 4226, Australia
| | - Robin Orr
- Faculty of Health Science and Medicine, Bond University, Robina, QLD 4226, Australia; (E.F.D.C.); (B.S.)
- Tactical Research Unit, Bond University, Robina, QLD 4226, Australia
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Biggs AT, Hamilton JA, Thompson AG, Jensen A, Suss J, Kelly K, Markwald RR. Not according to plan: Cognitive failures in marksmanship due to effects of expertise, unknown environments, and the likelihood of shooting unintended targets. APPLIED ERGONOMICS 2023; 112:104058. [PMID: 37331030 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2023.104058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Shooting errors have multi-faceted causes with contributing factors that include sensorimotor activity and cognitive failures. Empirical investigations often assess mental errors through threat identification, yet other cognitive failures could contribute to poor outcomes. The current study explored several possible sources of cognitive failures unrelated to threat identification with live fire exercises. Experiment 1 examined a national shooting competition to compare marksmanship accuracy, expertise, and planning in the likelihood of hitting no-shoot or unintended targets. Experts demonstrated an inverse speed/accuracy trade-off and fired upon fewer no-shoot targets than lesser skilled shooters, yet overall, greater opportunity to plan produced more no-shoot errors, thereby demonstrating an increase in cognitive errors. Experiment 2 replicated and extended this finding under conditions accounting for target type, location, and number. These findings further dissociate the roles of marksmanship and cognition in shooting errors while suggesting that marksmanship evaluations should be re-designed to better incorporate cognitive variables.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Andrew G Thompson
- West Virginia University, United States; United States Army Training and Doctrine Command, United States
| | - Andrew Jensen
- Naval Health Research Center, United States; Leidos, United States
| | - Joel Suss
- Naval Health Research Center, United States; Leidos, United States; Wichita State University, United States
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Morse L, Paul SM, Cooper BA, Oppegaard K, Shin J, Calvo-Schimmel A, Harris C, Hammer M, Conley Y, Wright F, Levine JD, Kober KM, Miaskowski C. Higher Stress in Oncology Patients is Associated With Cognitive and Evening Physical Fatigue Severity. J Pain Symptom Manage 2023; 65:203-215. [PMID: 36423801 PMCID: PMC11189665 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2022.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Cognitive and physical fatigue are common symptoms experienced by oncology patients. Exposure to stressful life events (SLE), cancer-related stressors, coping styles, and levels of resilience may influence the severity of both dimensions of fatigue. OBJECTIVES Evaluate for differences in global, cancer-specific, and cumulative life stress, as well as resilience and coping in oncology patients (n=1332) with distinct cognitive fatigue AND evening physical fatigue profiles. METHODS Latent profile analysis, which combined the two symptom scores, identified three subgroups of patients with distinct cognitive fatigue AND evening physical fatigue profiles (i.e., Low, Moderate, High). Patients completed measures of global, cancer-specific, and cumulative life stress as well measures of resilience and coping. Differences among the latent classes in the various measures were evaluated using parametric and nonparametric tests. RESULTS Compared to Low class, the other two classes reported higher global and cancer-specific stress. In addition, they reported higher occurrence rates for sexual harassment and being forced to touch prior to 16 years of age. Compared to the other two classes, High class reported lower resilience scores and higher use of denial, substance use, and behavioral disengagement. CONCLUSION To decrease both cognitive and evening physical fatigue, clinicians need to assess for relevant stressors and initiate interventions to increase resilience and the use of engagement coping strategies. Additional research is warranted on the relative contribution of various social determinants of health to both cognitive and physical fatigue in oncology patients receiving chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Morse
- School of Nursing (L.M.,S.M. P.,B.A.C.,K.O.,J.S.,A.C.S.,K.M.K.,C.M.), University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Steven M Paul
- School of Nursing (L.M.,S.M. P.,B.A.C.,K.O.,J.S.,A.C.S.,K.M.K.,C.M.), University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Bruce A Cooper
- School of Nursing (L.M.,S.M. P.,B.A.C.,K.O.,J.S.,A.C.S.,K.M.K.,C.M.), University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Kate Oppegaard
- School of Nursing (L.M.,S.M. P.,B.A.C.,K.O.,J.S.,A.C.S.,K.M.K.,C.M.), University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Joosun Shin
- School of Nursing (L.M.,S.M. P.,B.A.C.,K.O.,J.S.,A.C.S.,K.M.K.,C.M.), University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Alejandra Calvo-Schimmel
- School of Nursing (L.M.,S.M. P.,B.A.C.,K.O.,J.S.,A.C.S.,K.M.K.,C.M.), University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Carolyn Harris
- School of Nursing (C.H.,Y.C.,), University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Marilyn Hammer
- Dana Farber Cancer Institute (M.H.), Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Yvette Conley
- School of Nursing (C.H.,Y.C.,), University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Fay Wright
- Rory Meyers College of Nursing (F.W.), New York University, New York, New York
| | - Jon D Levine
- School of Medicine (J.D.L, C.M.), University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Kord M Kober
- School of Nursing (L.M.,S.M. P.,B.A.C.,K.O.,J.S.,A.C.S.,K.M.K.,C.M.), University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Christine Miaskowski
- School of Nursing (L.M.,S.M. P.,B.A.C.,K.O.,J.S.,A.C.S.,K.M.K.,C.M.), University of California, San Francisco, California;; School of Medicine (J.D.L, C.M.), University of California, San Francisco, California, USA.
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Corrigan SL, Roberts SSH, Warmington SA, Drain JR, Tait JL, Bulmer S, Main LC. Overnight heart rate variability responses to military combat engineer training. APPLIED ERGONOMICS 2023; 107:103935. [PMID: 36371929 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2022.103935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The study aimed to determine if overnight heart rate variability (HRV) is reflective of workload and stress during military training. Measures of cognitive load, perceived exertion, physical activity, nocturnal HRV, cognitive performance and sleep were recorded for a 15-day assessment period in 32 combat engineers. The assessment period consisted of 4 phases, PRE, FIELD, BASE and RECOVERY that exposed trainees to periods of sleep deprivation and restriction. The FIELD phase was characterised by an increase in mood disturbance, perceived exertion, physical activity, HRV and a reduction in sleep quantity (p < 0.05). Measures of HRV returned to PRE-values quicker than subjective wellbeing responses. The combination of sleep duration (β = -0.002, F = 13.42, p < 0.001) and physical activity (metabolic equivalents, β = -0.483, F = 5.95, p = 0.017), the main stressors of the exercise, provided a significant effect in the best predictive model of HRV. The different recovery rates of HRV and subjective wellbeing suggest a different physiological and psychological response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean L Corrigan
- Deakin University, Centre for Sport Research, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.
| | | | - Stuart A Warmington
- Deakin University, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jace R Drain
- Defence Science and Technology Group, Fishermans Bend, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jamie L Tait
- Deakin University, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sean Bulmer
- Deakin University, Centre for Sport Research, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Luana C Main
- Deakin University, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
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Saari A, Ma X, Clasey J, Bollinger L, Abel M. Heart rate dynamics during a simulated fireground test: The influence of physical characteristics and fitness1. Work 2023; 76:251-262. [PMID: 36806532 DOI: 10.3233/wor-220216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Firefighting is a physiologically demanding occupation and there is a need to evaluate physical and fitness characteristics that are related to attenuated physiological stress during fireground tasks. Previous studies have not measured associations between heart rate responses during simulated fireground tasks with a standardized work rate. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to examine associations between heart rate during a standardized pace simulated fireground test (SFGT) and heart rate recovery and variability following the SFGT. In addition, this study sought to evaluate associations between heart rate measures versus physical and fitness characteristics in structural firefighter recruits. METHODS Twenty-one fire academy recruits performed a standardized pace SFGT while mean heart rate reserve (HRRes) during the SFGT, change in heart rate variability from rest to post-SFGT (LnRMSSDRest-Post), and 60-second post-SFGT heart rate recovery (HRR60) were measured. Regression analyses were conducted between HRRes, LnRMSSDRest-Post and HRR60 and between heart rate measures versus physical and fitness characteristics while accounting for differences in SFGT completion time. RESULTS HRRes was associated with LnRMSSDRest-Post, but not HRR60. Height and pull-ups explained most of the variance in HRRes, height explained most of the variance in LnRMSSDRest-Post and push-ups and 1.5-mile run explained most of the variance in HRR60. CONCLUSION Greater cardiovascular stress during fireground tasks is associated with greater depression of post-SFGT heart rate variability, but not heart rate recovery. Physical and fitness characteristics are important to consider in relation to firefighters' ability to cope with physical stress on the fireground.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anssi Saari
- Finnish Institute of High Performance Sport KIHU, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Xin Ma
- College of Education, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Jody Clasey
- College of Education, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Lance Bollinger
- College of Education, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Mark Abel
- College of Education, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
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Aspiotis V, Miltiadous A, Kalafatakis K, Tzimourta KD, Giannakeas N, Tsipouras MG, Peschos D, Glavas E, Tzallas AT. Assessing Electroencephalography as a Stress Indicator: A VR High-Altitude Scenario Monitored through EEG and ECG. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 22:s22155792. [PMID: 35957348 PMCID: PMC9371026 DOI: 10.3390/s22155792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Over the last decade, virtual reality (VR) has become an increasingly accessible commodity. Head-mounted display (HMD) immersive technologies allow researchers to simulate experimental scenarios that would be unfeasible or risky in real life. An example is extreme heights exposure simulations, which can be utilized in research on stress system mobilization. Until recently, electroencephalography (EEG)-related research was focused on mental stress prompted by social or mathematical challenges, with only a few studies employing HMD VR techniques to induce stress. In this study, we combine a state-of-the-art EEG wearable device and an electrocardiography (ECG) sensor with a VR headset to provoke stress in a high-altitude scenarios while monitoring EEG and ECG biomarkers in real time. A robust pipeline for signal clearing is implemented to preprocess the noise-infiltrated (due to movement) EEG data. Statistical and correlation analysis is employed to explore the relationship between these biomarkers with stress. The participant pool is divided into two groups based on their heart rate increase, where statistically important EEG biomarker differences emerged between them. Finally, the occipital-region band power changes and occipital asymmetry alterations were found to be associated with height-related stress and brain activation in beta and gamma bands, which correlates with the results of the self-reported Perceived Stress Scale questionnaire.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasileios Aspiotis
- Human Computer Interaction Laboratory (HCILab), Department of Informatics and Telecommunications, University of Ioannina, Kostakioi, 47100 Arta, Greece; (V.A.); (A.M.); (K.K.); (K.D.T.); (N.G.); (E.G.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece;
| | - Andreas Miltiadous
- Human Computer Interaction Laboratory (HCILab), Department of Informatics and Telecommunications, University of Ioannina, Kostakioi, 47100 Arta, Greece; (V.A.); (A.M.); (K.K.); (K.D.T.); (N.G.); (E.G.)
| | - Konstantinos Kalafatakis
- Human Computer Interaction Laboratory (HCILab), Department of Informatics and Telecommunications, University of Ioannina, Kostakioi, 47100 Arta, Greece; (V.A.); (A.M.); (K.K.); (K.D.T.); (N.G.); (E.G.)
- Institute of Health Science Education, Barts and the London School of Medicine & Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London (Malta Campus), VCT 2520 Victoria, Malta
| | - Katerina D. Tzimourta
- Human Computer Interaction Laboratory (HCILab), Department of Informatics and Telecommunications, University of Ioannina, Kostakioi, 47100 Arta, Greece; (V.A.); (A.M.); (K.K.); (K.D.T.); (N.G.); (E.G.)
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Western Macedonia, 50100 Kozani, Greece;
| | - Nikolaos Giannakeas
- Human Computer Interaction Laboratory (HCILab), Department of Informatics and Telecommunications, University of Ioannina, Kostakioi, 47100 Arta, Greece; (V.A.); (A.M.); (K.K.); (K.D.T.); (N.G.); (E.G.)
| | - Markos G. Tsipouras
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Western Macedonia, 50100 Kozani, Greece;
| | - Dimitrios Peschos
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece;
| | - Euripidis Glavas
- Human Computer Interaction Laboratory (HCILab), Department of Informatics and Telecommunications, University of Ioannina, Kostakioi, 47100 Arta, Greece; (V.A.); (A.M.); (K.K.); (K.D.T.); (N.G.); (E.G.)
| | - Alexandros T. Tzallas
- Human Computer Interaction Laboratory (HCILab), Department of Informatics and Telecommunications, University of Ioannina, Kostakioi, 47100 Arta, Greece; (V.A.); (A.M.); (K.K.); (K.D.T.); (N.G.); (E.G.)
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14
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The Quality of Life and the Bio-Molecular Profile in Working Environment: A Systematic Review. SUSTAINABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/su14138100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Working life is characterised by various requirements and degrees of control in meeting these demands. The imbalance of these elements with workers’ resources can result in work-related stress involving the repeated activation of stress response systems. Modifications in the bio-molecular profile may represent a biological signature of individuals’ life experiences and provide evidence on pathways through which such stressors can result in health outcomes. The aim of our systematic review is to characterize the quality of life (QOL) and the bio-molecular profile in the working population, to highlight if the alteration observed might be related to the working conditions. The article query was performed on PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane CENTRAL and results have been presented according to three molecular pathways involved in the stress response: oxidative stress, inflammation, and neuroendocrine activation. The epidemiological sample has been sub-grouped into “clinical” and “non-clinical” populations according to the presence of a diagnosis of psychological disorders. Besides some critical issues, the review highlights the importance of developing a valid array of biological indicators, measurable in non-invasive matrices, sensitive to both derangements from physiological conditions and stress reduction, useful for identifying those groups at higher risk of health outcomes and, eventually, promoting workers’ wellbeing.
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Corrigan SL, Bulmer S, Roberts SSH, Warmington S, Drain J, Main LC. Monitoring Responses to Basic Military Training with Heart Rate Variability. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2022; 54:1506-1514. [PMID: 35394465 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000002930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Heart rate variability (HRV) has shown sensitivity to the acute stressors experienced by defence personnel. This study examines the suitability of overnight HRV as a repeated measure of allostatic load in defence personnel. METHODS Daily measures of sleep, cognitive load and perceived exertion were reported for the 12-week duration of basic military training (BMT) in 48 recruits. Measures of physical activity, subjective wellbeing and HRV were measured weekly. The natural log of the root mean square of successive differences of inter-beat intervals (Ln RMSSD) and the Ln RMSSD to inter-beat interval ratio (Ln RMSSD:RRi ratio) during predicted slow wave sleep were used for HRV. Physical performance was assessed via the 20-m shuttle run and maximal push-up test in week two and eight of BMT with predicted V̇O2 peak values calculated. RESULTS Predicted V̇O2 peak increased from 42.6 ± 4.5 to 48.0 ± 2.7 mL·kg·min (p < 0.001). Ln RMSSD was elevated in week seven and ten and the Ln RMSSD:RRi ratio was elevated in week ten above all other weeks (p < 0.05). An increase in perceived exertion (F = 9.10, p = 0.003) and subjective fatigue (F = 6.97, p = 0.009), as well as a reduction in V̇O2 peak (F = 7.95, p = 0.009), individually predicted an increase in Ln RMSSD. The best predictive model of Ln RMSSD included perceived exertion (F = 8.16, p = 0.005), subjective fatigue (F = 8.49, p = 0.004), the number of awakenings during sleep (F = 7.79, p = 0.006) and the change in V̇O2 peak (F = 19.110, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS HRV was predicted by subjective recruit responses to BMT workloads rather than objective measures of physical activity. Improvements in cardiorespiratory fitness depicted recruits who experienced enough stress to facilitate physiological adaptation which was reflected by a reduction in HRV during BMT. Monitoring HRV and HRV in relation to inter-beat interval length may provide a better tool for determining allostatic load than HRV alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean L Corrigan
- Deakin University, Centre for Sport Research, Geelong, Victoria, AUSTRALIA
| | - Sean Bulmer
- Deakin University, Centre for Sport Research, Geelong, Victoria, AUSTRALIA
| | | | - Stuart Warmington
- Deakin University, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Geelong, Victoria, AUSTRALIA
| | - Jace Drain
- Defence Science and Technology Group, Fishermans Bend, Victoria, AUSTRALIA
| | - Luana C Main
- Deakin University, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Geelong, Victoria, AUSTRALIA
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