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Bartold K, Iskierko Z, Sharma PS, Lin HY, Kutner W. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF): Diagnostic routes using novel biomarkers. Biomed J 2024; 47:100729. [PMID: 38657859 PMCID: PMC11340561 DOI: 10.1016/j.bj.2024.100729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) diagnosis is still the diagnosis of exclusion. Differentiating from other forms of interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) is essential, given the various therapeutic approaches. The IPF course is now unpredictable for individual patients, although some genetic factors and several biomarkers have already been associated with various IPF prognoses. Since its early stages, IPF may be asymptomatic, leading to a delayed diagnosis. The present review critically examines the recent literature on molecular biomarkers potentially useful in IPF diagnostics. The examined biomarkers are grouped into breath and sputum biomarkers, serologically assessed extracellular matrix neoepitope markers, and oxidative stress biomarkers in lung tissue. Fibroblasts and complete blood count have also gained recent interest in that respect. Although several biomarker candidates have been profiled, there has yet to be a single biomarker that proved specific to the IPF disease. Nevertheless, various IPF biomarkers have been used in preclinical and clinical trials to verify their predictive and monitoring potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Bartold
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Zofia Iskierko
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Hung-Yin Lin
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National University of Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wlodzimierz Kutner
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland; Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, School of Sciences, Cardinal Stefan Wyszynski University in Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
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2
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Boxhammer E, Paar V, Kopp K, Gharibeh SX, Bovenkamp-Aberger E, Rezar R, Lichtenauer M, Hoppe UC, Mirna M. Insulin-like Growth Factor-Binding Protein 2 in Severe Aortic Valve Stenosis and Pulmonary Hypertension: A Gender-Based Perspective. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8220. [PMID: 39125788 PMCID: PMC11312253 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25158220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2024] [Revised: 07/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Severe aortic valve stenosis (AS) and pulmonary hypertension (PH) are life-threatening cardiovascular conditions, necessitating early detection and intervention. Recent studies have explored the role of Insulin-like Growth Factor-Binding Protein 2 (IGF-BP2) in cardiovascular pathophysiology. Understanding its involvement may offer novel insights into disease mechanisms and therapeutic targets for these conditions. A total of 102 patients (46 female, 56 male) with severe AS undergoing a transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) in a single-center study were classified using echocardiography tests to determine systolic pulmonary artery pressure (sPAP) and the presence (sPAP ≥ 40 mmHg) or absence (sPAP < 40 mmHg) of PH. Additionally, serial laboratory determinations of IGF-BP2 before, and at 24 h, 96 h, and 3 months after intervention were conducted in all study participants. Considering the entire cohort, patients with PH had significant and continuously higher serum IGF-BP2 concentrations over time than patients without PH. After subdivision by sex, it could be demonstrated that the above-mentioned results were only verifiable in males, but not in females. In the male patients, baseline IGF-BP2 levels before the TAVR was an isolated risk factor for premature death after intervention and at 1, 3, and 5 years post-intervention. The same was valid for the combination of male and echocardiographically established PH patients. The predictive role of IGF-BP2 in severe AS and concurrent PH remains unknown. A more profound comprehension of IGF-BP2 mechanisms, particularly in males, could facilitate the earlier consideration of the TAVR as a more effective and successful treatment strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elke Boxhammer
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Cardiology, Paracelsus Medical University of Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
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Ji L, Jiao Z, Zhang L, Shi J, Wan Q, Qian C, Wang H, Cao X, Shen B, Jiang L. Role of increased IGFBP2 in trophoblast cell proliferation and recurrent spontaneous abortion development: A pilot study. Physiol Rep 2024; 12:e15939. [PMID: 38316422 PMCID: PMC10843903 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) is a serious condition that adversely affects women's health. Differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in plasma of patients experiencing RSA is helpful to find new therapeutic targets and identified with mass spectrometry. In 57 DEPs, 21 were upregulated and 36 were downregulated in RSA. Gene ontology analyses indicated that identified DEPs were associated with cell proliferation, including significantly downregulated insulin-like growth factor binding protein 2 (IGFBP2). Immunohistochemical result using clinical decidual tissues also showed that IGFBP2 expression was significantly decreased in RSA trophoblasts. Cell proliferation assay indicated that IGFBP2 treatment increased the proliferation and mRNA expressions of PCNA and Ki67 in trophoblast cells. Transcriptome sequencing experiments and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analyses revealed that gene expression for components in PI3K-Akt pathway in trophoblasts was significantly upregulated following IGFBP2 treatment. To confirm bioinformatics findings, we did cell-based experiments and found that treatment of inhibitors for insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 receptor-PI3K-Akt pathway significantly reduced IGFBP2-induced trophoblast cell proliferation and mRNA expressions of PCNA and Ki67. Our findings suggest that IGFBP2 may increase trophoblast proliferation through the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway to affect pregnancy outcomes and that IGFBP2 may be a new target for future research and treatment of RSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Ji
- The First Clinical Medical CollegeNanjing University of Traditional Chinese MedicineNanjingChina
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyLu'an Traditional Chinese Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese MedicineLu'anChina
| | - Ziying Jiao
- Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese MedicineMacau University of Science and TechnologyMacauChina
| | - Lin Zhang
- Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese MedicineMacau University of Science and TechnologyMacauChina
| | - Jia Shi
- Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese MedicineMacau University of Science and TechnologyMacauChina
| | - Qianqian Wan
- The First Clinical Medical CollegeNanjing University of Traditional Chinese MedicineNanjingChina
- Department of GynecologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese MedicineKunmingChina
| | - Chunzhi Qian
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyLu'an Traditional Chinese Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese MedicineLu'anChina
| | - Han Wang
- Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese MedicineMacau University of Science and TechnologyMacauChina
| | - Xiaoyan Cao
- Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese MedicineMacau University of Science and TechnologyMacauChina
| | - Bing Shen
- Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese MedicineMacau University of Science and TechnologyMacauChina
- School of Basic Medicine SciencesAnhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina
| | - Lijuan Jiang
- The First Clinical Medical CollegeNanjing University of Traditional Chinese MedicineNanjingChina
- Department of GynecologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese MedicineKunmingChina
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Xu C, Prete M, Webb S, Jardine L, Stewart BJ, Hoo R, He P, Meyer KB, Teichmann SA. Automatic cell-type harmonization and integration across Human Cell Atlas datasets. Cell 2023; 186:5876-5891.e20. [PMID: 38134877 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2023.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Harmonizing cell types across the single-cell community and assembling them into a common framework is central to building a standardized Human Cell Atlas. Here, we present CellHint, a predictive clustering tree-based tool to resolve cell-type differences in annotation resolution and technical biases across datasets. CellHint accurately quantifies cell-cell transcriptomic similarities and places cell types into a relationship graph that hierarchically defines shared and unique cell subtypes. Application to multiple immune datasets recapitulates expert-curated annotations. CellHint also reveals underexplored relationships between healthy and diseased lung cell states in eight diseases. Furthermore, we present a workflow for fast cross-dataset integration guided by harmonized cell types and cell hierarchy, which uncovers underappreciated cell types in adult human hippocampus. Finally, we apply CellHint to 12 tissues from 38 datasets, providing a deeply curated cross-tissue database with ∼3.7 million cells and various machine learning models for automatic cell annotation across human tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan Xu
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Martin Prete
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Simone Webb
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK; Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Laura Jardine
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK; Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Benjamin J Stewart
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK; Molecular Immunity Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Regina Hoo
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Peng He
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK; European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Kerstin B Meyer
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Sarah A Teichmann
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK; Theory of Condensed Matter Group, Department of Physics, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK.
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Choung RS, Petralia F, Torres J, Ungaro RC, Porter C, Sato T, Telesco S, Strauss RS, Plevy S, Princen F, Riddle MS, Murray JA, Colombel JF. Preclinical Serological Signatures are Associated With Complicated Crohn's Disease Phenotype at Diagnosis. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 21:2928-2937.e12. [PMID: 36787834 PMCID: PMC10421963 DOI: 10.1016/j.cgh.2023.01.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND At diagnosis, up to one-third of patients with Crohn's disease (CD) have a complicated phenotype with stricturing (B2) or penetrating (B3) behavior or require early surgery. We evaluated protein biomarkers and antimicrobial antibodies in serum archived years before CD diagnosis to assess whether complicated diagnoses were associated with a specific serological signature. METHODS Prediagnosis serum was obtained from 201 patients with CD and 201 healthy controls. Samples were evaluated with a comprehensive panel of 1129 proteomic markers (SomaLogic) and antimicrobial antibodies. CD diagnosis and complications were defined by the International Classification of Diseases-Ninth Revision and Current Procedural Terminology codes. Cox regression models were utilized to assess the association between markers and the subsequent risk of being diagnosed with complicated CD. In addition, biological pathway and network analyses were performed. RESULTS Forty-seven CD subjects (24%) had a B2 (n = 36) or B3 (n = 9) phenotype or CD-related surgery (n = 2) at diagnosis. Subjects presenting with complicated CD at diagnosis had higher levels of antimicrobial antibodies six years before diagnosis as compared with those diagnosed with noncomplicated CD. Twenty-two protein biomarkers (reflecting inflammatory, fibrosis, and tissue protection markers) were found to be associated with complicated CD. Pathway analysis of the altered protein biomarkers identified higher activation of the innate immune system and complement or coagulation cascades up to six years before diagnosis in complicated CD. CONCLUSIONS Proteins and antimicrobial antibodies associated with dysregulated innate immunity, excessive adaptive response to microbial antigens, and fibrosis precede and predict a complicated phenotype at the time of diagnosis in CD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rok Seon Choung
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Francesca Petralia
- Department of Genetics and Genomics Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Joana Torres
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York; Division of Gastroenterology, Hospital Beatriz Ângelo, Loures, Portugal
| | - Ryan C Ungaro
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Chad Porter
- Naval Medical Research Center, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | | | | | | | - Scott Plevy
- Protagonist Therapeutics, Newark, California
| | - Fred Princen
- Prometheus Laboratories Inc, San Diego, California
| | - Mark S Riddle
- Naval Medical Research Center, Silver Spring, Maryland; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nevada, Reno, School of Medicine, Reno, Nevada
| | - Joseph A Murray
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.
| | - Jean Frederic Colombel
- Department of Genetics and Genomics Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
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Li K, Ding K, Zhu Q, Han F, He X, Tan S, Wu Z, Zheng Z, Tang Z, Liu Y. Extracellular matrix stiffness aggravates urethral stricture through Igfbp3/Smad pathway. Sci Rep 2023; 13:14315. [PMID: 37653219 PMCID: PMC10471624 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-41584-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Urethral stricture refers to the narrowing of the urethral lumen. While previous studies have hinted at inflammation as the initial driver of this condition, the reasons and mechanisms behind its progression remain largely unknown. By Atomic force microscope (AFM), researchers measured the matrix stiffness of urethra to be 5.23 ± 0.37 kPa for normal tissue and 41.59 ± 2.48 kPa for stricture urethral scar. Similar results were observed in rat urethral stricture models, where the matrix stiffness of normal urethra was 4.29 ± 0.82 kPa, while 32.94 ± 7.12 kPa for urethral stricture scar. Notably, the matrix stiffness increased in rat models over time. To further investigate, polyacrylamide hydrogels were employed to mimic different levels of stiffness for normal and stricture condition. Interestingly, higher matrix stiffness led to an increased fibroblast-to-myofibroblast transition (FMT) in rat urethral fibroblasts, indicated by enhanced expression of α-SMA and Collagen I, as well as changing in the morphology of fibroblast. RNA-seq analysis suggested that Igfbp3/Smads might regulate the progressive FMT in urethral stricture. In the experiment where the expression of Igfbp3 was inhibited, increasing matrix stiffness lose the potential to stimulate FMT progression and the expression of p-Smad2/3 decreased. On the contrary, overexpression of Igfbp3 promoted the process of FMT in urethral fibroblasts. In conclusion, Igfbp3/Smad pathway appeared to be involved in the progression of urethral fibrosis. This finding suggested that Igfbp3/Smad might be an promising target for future research and treatment in this filed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaixuan Li
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
- Provincial Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Genitourinary System Disease, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Ke Ding
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
- Provincial Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Genitourinary System Disease, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Quan Zhu
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
- Provincial Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Genitourinary System Disease, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Feng Han
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
- Provincial Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Genitourinary System Disease, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Xi He
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Medical College of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shuo Tan
- Provincial Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Genitourinary System Disease, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
- Department of Urology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Ziqiang Wu
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
- Provincial Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Genitourinary System Disease, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Zhihuan Zheng
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
- Provincial Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Genitourinary System Disease, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Zhengyan Tang
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
- Provincial Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Genitourinary System Disease, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
| | - Yanling Liu
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
- Provincial Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Genitourinary System Disease, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
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Domvri K, Organtzis I, Apostolopoulos A, Fouka E, Kontakiotis T, Papakosta D. Prognostic Value of Serum Biomarkers in Patients with Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis in Relation to Disease Progression. J Pers Med 2023; 13:1307. [PMID: 37763075 PMCID: PMC10532947 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13091307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this present study was to determine serum biomarker levels and their correlation with respiratory function and the clinical course of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). MATERIALS AND METHODS This study included 72 IPF patients, according to the ATS/ERS criteria, in whom antifibrotic treatment was initiated. Blood samples were taken, and serum biomarkers, such as KL-6, SP-D, CCL18, CXCL13, VEGF-A, IL-8, IGFBP-1, IGFBP-2, IGFBP-7 and ICAM-1 were measured using ELISA methodology. Pulmonary function tests (FVC, TLC, DLCO-% pred) were determined at baseline and after 12 and 24 months and analyzed in correlation with the biomarkers. RESULTS The majority of patients (mean age 72 ± 6 years) were men (83%). The FVC and DLCO values at the 12-month follow-up were found to be statistically decreased in deceased patients (p < 0.05). The SP-D (p < 0.001) and the IGFBP-1 (p = 0.021) levels were found to be increased at the 1-year follow-up in deceased patients, and similarly, the SP-D (p = 0.005) and ICAM-1 (p = 0.043) levels at the 2-year follow-up. A chi-square test revealed that 70% of the category IV GAP index was found with cut-off elevated levels of a biomarker combination (KL-6, SP-D, VEGF-A) from the ROC curve analysis (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION This study provides evidence, for the first time in a Greek population, of the possibility of using a combination of KL-6, SP-D, and VEGF-A serum levels along with the GAP index.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalliopi Domvri
- Lung Immunology and Bronchoalveolar Lavage Unit, Pulmonary Department, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, George Papanikolaou Hospital, 57010 Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.A.); (D.P.)
- Out-Patient Clinic for ILDs, Pulmonary Department, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, George Papanikolaou Hospital, 57010 Thessaloniki, Greece; (I.O.); (E.F.); (T.K.)
| | - Ioannis Organtzis
- Out-Patient Clinic for ILDs, Pulmonary Department, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, George Papanikolaou Hospital, 57010 Thessaloniki, Greece; (I.O.); (E.F.); (T.K.)
| | - Apostolos Apostolopoulos
- Lung Immunology and Bronchoalveolar Lavage Unit, Pulmonary Department, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, George Papanikolaou Hospital, 57010 Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.A.); (D.P.)
| | - Evangelia Fouka
- Out-Patient Clinic for ILDs, Pulmonary Department, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, George Papanikolaou Hospital, 57010 Thessaloniki, Greece; (I.O.); (E.F.); (T.K.)
| | - Theodoros Kontakiotis
- Out-Patient Clinic for ILDs, Pulmonary Department, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, George Papanikolaou Hospital, 57010 Thessaloniki, Greece; (I.O.); (E.F.); (T.K.)
| | - Despoina Papakosta
- Lung Immunology and Bronchoalveolar Lavage Unit, Pulmonary Department, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, George Papanikolaou Hospital, 57010 Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.A.); (D.P.)
- Out-Patient Clinic for ILDs, Pulmonary Department, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, George Papanikolaou Hospital, 57010 Thessaloniki, Greece; (I.O.); (E.F.); (T.K.)
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Wang Q, Xie Z, Wan N, Yang L, Jin Z, Jin F, Huang Z, Chen M, Wang H, Feng J. Potential biomarkers for diagnosis and disease evaluation of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Chin Med J (Engl) 2023; 136:1278-1290. [PMID: 37130223 PMCID: PMC10309524 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000002171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 05/04/2023] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic progressive lung disease characterized by progressive lung fibrogenesis and histological features of usual interstitial pneumonia. IPF has a poor prognosis and presents a spectrum of disease courses ranging from slow evolving disease to rapid deterioration; thus, a differential diagnosis remains challenging. Several biomarkers have been identified to achieve a differential diagnosis; however, comprehensive reviews are lacking. This review summarizes over 100 biomarkers which can be divided into six categories according to their functions: differentially expressed biomarkers in the IPF compared to healthy controls; biomarkers distinguishing IPF from other types of interstitial lung disease; biomarkers differentiating acute exacerbation of IPF from stable disease; biomarkers predicting disease progression; biomarkers related to disease severity; and biomarkers related to treatment. Specimen used for the diagnosis of IPF included serum, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, lung tissue, and sputum. IPF-specific biomarkers are of great clinical value for the differential diagnosis of IPF. Currently, the physiological measurements used to evaluate the occurrence of acute exacerbation, disease progression, and disease severity have limitations. Combining physiological measurements with biomarkers may increase the accuracy and sensitivity of diagnosis and disease evaluation of IPF. Most biomarkers described in this review are not routinely used in clinical practice. Future large-scale multicenter studies are required to design and validate suitable biomarker panels that have diagnostic utility for IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine of Kunming Municipal First People's Hospital, Kunming, Yunnan 650000, China
| | - Zhaoliang Xie
- Respiratory Department of Sanming Yong’an General Hospital, Sanming, Fujian 366000, China
| | - Nansheng Wan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Lei Yang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Zhixian Jin
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine of Kunming Municipal First People's Hospital, Kunming, Yunnan 650000, China
| | - Fang Jin
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Zhaoming Huang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine of Kunming Municipal First People's Hospital, Kunming, Yunnan 650000, China
| | - Min Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine of Kunming Municipal First People's Hospital, Kunming, Yunnan 650000, China
| | - Huiming Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine of Kunming Municipal First People's Hospital, Kunming, Yunnan 650000, China
| | - Jing Feng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
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Chin C, Ravichandran R, Sanborn K, Fleming T, Wheatcroft SB, Kearney MT, Tokman S, Walia R, Smith MA, Flint DJ, Mohanakumar T, Bremner RM, Sureshbabu A. Loss of IGFBP2 mediates alveolar type 2 cell senescence and promotes lung fibrosis. Cell Rep Med 2023; 4:100945. [PMID: 36787736 PMCID: PMC10040381 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2023.100945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
Accumulation of senescent cells contributes to age-related diseases including idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Insulin-like growth factor binding proteins (IGFBPs) regulate many biological processes; however, the functional contributions of IGFBP2 in lung fibrosis remain largely unclear. Here, we report that intranasal delivery of recombinant IGFBP2 protects aged mice from weight loss and demonstrated antifibrotic effects after bleomycin lung injury. Notably, aged human-Igfbp2 transgenic mice reveal reduced senescence and senescent-associated secretory phenotype factors in alveolar epithelial type 2 (AEC2) cells and they ameliorated bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis. Finally, we demonstrate that IGFBP2 expression is significantly suppressed in AEC2 cells isolated from fibrotic lung regions of patients with IPF and/or pulmonary hypertension compared with patients with hypersensitivity pneumonitis and/or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Altogether, our study provides insights into how IGFBP2 regulates AEC2-cell-specific senescence and that restoring IGFBP2 levels in fibrotic lungs can prove effective for patients with IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiahsuan Chin
- Norton Thoracic Institute, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, 124 W. Thomas Road, Ste. 100, Phoenix, AZ 85013, USA; Creighton University School of Medicine - Phoenix Regional Campus, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Ranjithkumar Ravichandran
- Norton Thoracic Institute, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, 124 W. Thomas Road, Ste. 100, Phoenix, AZ 85013, USA; Creighton University School of Medicine - Phoenix Regional Campus, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Kristina Sanborn
- Norton Thoracic Institute, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, 124 W. Thomas Road, Ste. 100, Phoenix, AZ 85013, USA; Creighton University School of Medicine - Phoenix Regional Campus, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Timothy Fleming
- Norton Thoracic Institute, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, 124 W. Thomas Road, Ste. 100, Phoenix, AZ 85013, USA; Creighton University School of Medicine - Phoenix Regional Campus, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Stephen B Wheatcroft
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Mark T Kearney
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Sofya Tokman
- Norton Thoracic Institute, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, 124 W. Thomas Road, Ste. 100, Phoenix, AZ 85013, USA; Creighton University School of Medicine - Phoenix Regional Campus, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Rajat Walia
- Norton Thoracic Institute, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, 124 W. Thomas Road, Ste. 100, Phoenix, AZ 85013, USA; Creighton University School of Medicine - Phoenix Regional Campus, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Michael A Smith
- Norton Thoracic Institute, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, 124 W. Thomas Road, Ste. 100, Phoenix, AZ 85013, USA; Creighton University School of Medicine - Phoenix Regional Campus, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - David J Flint
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy & Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - Thalachallour Mohanakumar
- Norton Thoracic Institute, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, 124 W. Thomas Road, Ste. 100, Phoenix, AZ 85013, USA; Creighton University School of Medicine - Phoenix Regional Campus, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Ross M Bremner
- Norton Thoracic Institute, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, 124 W. Thomas Road, Ste. 100, Phoenix, AZ 85013, USA; Creighton University School of Medicine - Phoenix Regional Campus, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Angara Sureshbabu
- Norton Thoracic Institute, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, 124 W. Thomas Road, Ste. 100, Phoenix, AZ 85013, USA; Creighton University School of Medicine - Phoenix Regional Campus, Phoenix, AZ, USA.
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10
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Bakhshi H, Michelhaugh SA, Bruce SA, Seliger SL, Qian X, Ambale Venkatesh B, Varadarajan V, Bagchi P, Lima JAC, deFilippi C. Association between proteomic biomarkers and myocardial fibrosis measured by MRI: the multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis. EBioMedicine 2023; 90:104490. [PMID: 36857966 PMCID: PMC10006438 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2023.104490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) determines the extent of interstitial fibrosis, measured by increased extracellular volume (ECV), and replacement fibrosis with late gadolinium myocardial enhancement (LGE). Despite advances in detection, the pathophysiology of subclinical myocardial fibrosis is incompletely understood. Targeted proteomic discovery technologies enable quantification of low abundance circulating proteins to elucidate cardiac fibrosis mechanisms. METHODS Using a cross-sectional design, we selected 92 LGE+ cases and 92 LGE- demographically matched controls from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. Similarly, we selected 156 cases from the highest ECV quartile and matched with 156 cases from the lowest quartile. The plasma serum proteome was analyzed using proximity extension assays to determine differential regulation of 92 proteins previously implicated with cardiovascular disease. Results were analyzed using volcano plots of statistical significance vs. magnitude of change and Bayesian additive regression tree (BART) models to determine importance. FINDINGS After adjusting for false discovery, higher ECV was significantly associated with 17 proteins. Using BART, Plasminogen activator inhibitor 1, Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 1, and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide were associated with higher ECV after accounting for other proteins and traditional cardiovascular risk factors. In contrast, no circulating proteins were associated with replacement fibrosis. INTERPRETATIONS Our results suggest unique circulating proteomic signatures associated with interstitial fibrosis emphasizing its systemic influences. With future validation, protein panels may identify patients who may develop interstitial fibrosis with progression to heart failure. FUNDING This research was supported by contracts and grants from NHLBI, NCATS and the Inova Heart and Vascular Institute.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hooman Bakhshi
- Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Scott A Bruce
- Department of Statistics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Stephen L Seliger
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Geriatric Research and Education Clinical Center, VA Maryland Healthcare System, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Xiaoxiao Qian
- Inova Heart and Vascular Institute, Falls Church, VA, USA
| | | | | | - Pramita Bagchi
- Department of Statistics, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA
| | - Joao A C Lima
- Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
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11
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Pulmonary Fibrosis as a Result of Acute Lung Inflammation: Molecular Mechanisms, Relevant In Vivo Models, Prognostic and Therapeutic Approaches. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314959. [PMID: 36499287 PMCID: PMC9735580 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis is a chronic progressive lung disease that steadily leads to lung architecture disruption and respiratory failure. The development of pulmonary fibrosis is mostly the result of previous acute lung inflammation, caused by a wide variety of etiological factors, not resolved over time and causing the deposition of fibrotic tissue in the lungs. Despite a long history of study and good coverage of the problem in the scientific literature, the effective therapeutic approaches for pulmonary fibrosis treatment are currently lacking. Thus, the study of the molecular mechanisms underlying the transition from acute lung inflammation to pulmonary fibrosis, and the search for new molecular markers and promising therapeutic targets to prevent pulmonary fibrosis development, remain highly relevant tasks. This review focuses on the etiology, pathogenesis, morphological characteristics and outcomes of acute lung inflammation as a precursor of pulmonary fibrosis; the pathomorphological changes in the lungs during fibrosis development; the known molecular mechanisms and key players of the signaling pathways mediating acute lung inflammation and pulmonary fibrosis, as well as the characteristics of the most common in vivo models of these processes. Moreover, the prognostic markers of acute lung injury severity and pulmonary fibrosis development as well as approved and potential therapeutic approaches suppressing the transition from acute lung inflammation to fibrosis are discussed.
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12
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Kheirollahi V, Khadim A, Kiliaris G, Korfei M, Barroso MM, Alexopoulos I, Vazquez-Armendariz AI, Wygrecka M, Ruppert C, Guenther A, Seeger W, Herold S, El Agha E. Transcriptional Profiling of Insulin-like Growth Factor Signaling Components in Embryonic Lung Development and Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. Cells 2022; 11:cells11121973. [PMID: 35741102 PMCID: PMC9221724 DOI: 10.3390/cells11121973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor (IGF) signaling controls the development and growth of many organs, including the lung. Loss of function of Igf1 or its receptor Igf1r impairs lung development and leads to neonatal respiratory distress in mice. Although many components of the IGF signaling pathway have shown to be dysregulated in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), the expression pattern of such components in different cellular compartments of the developing and/or fibrotic lung has been elusive. In this study, we provide a comprehensive transcriptional profile for such signaling components during embryonic lung development in mice, bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice and in human IPF lung explants. During late gestation, we found that Igf1 is upregulated in parallel to Igf1r downregulation in the lung mesenchyme. Lung tissues derived from bleomycin-treated mice and explanted IPF lungs revealed upregulation of IGF1 in parallel to downregulation of IGF1R, in addition to upregulation of several IGF binding proteins (IGFBPs) in lung fibrosis. Finally, treatment of IPF lung fibroblasts with recombinant IGF1 led to myogenic differentiation. Our data serve as a resource for the transcriptional profile of IGF signaling components and warrant further research on the involvement of this pathway in both lung development and pulmonary disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vahid Kheirollahi
- Department of Medicine II, Internal Medicine, Pulmonary and Critical Care, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus-Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (V.K.); (A.K.); (G.K.); (M.K.); (M.M.B.); (I.A.); (A.I.V.-A.); (M.W.); (C.R.); (A.G.); (W.S.); (S.H.)
- Department of Medicine V, Internal Medicine, Infectious Diseases and Infection Control, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus-Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
- Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Justus-Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
- Institute for Lung Health (ILH), Justus-Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Ali Khadim
- Department of Medicine II, Internal Medicine, Pulmonary and Critical Care, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus-Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (V.K.); (A.K.); (G.K.); (M.K.); (M.M.B.); (I.A.); (A.I.V.-A.); (M.W.); (C.R.); (A.G.); (W.S.); (S.H.)
- Department of Medicine V, Internal Medicine, Infectious Diseases and Infection Control, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus-Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
- Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Justus-Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
- Institute for Lung Health (ILH), Justus-Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Georgios Kiliaris
- Department of Medicine II, Internal Medicine, Pulmonary and Critical Care, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus-Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (V.K.); (A.K.); (G.K.); (M.K.); (M.M.B.); (I.A.); (A.I.V.-A.); (M.W.); (C.R.); (A.G.); (W.S.); (S.H.)
- Department of Medicine V, Internal Medicine, Infectious Diseases and Infection Control, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus-Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
- Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Justus-Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
- Institute for Lung Health (ILH), Justus-Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Martina Korfei
- Department of Medicine II, Internal Medicine, Pulmonary and Critical Care, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus-Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (V.K.); (A.K.); (G.K.); (M.K.); (M.M.B.); (I.A.); (A.I.V.-A.); (M.W.); (C.R.); (A.G.); (W.S.); (S.H.)
- Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Justus-Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
- Institute for Lung Health (ILH), Justus-Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Margarida Maria Barroso
- Department of Medicine II, Internal Medicine, Pulmonary and Critical Care, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus-Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (V.K.); (A.K.); (G.K.); (M.K.); (M.M.B.); (I.A.); (A.I.V.-A.); (M.W.); (C.R.); (A.G.); (W.S.); (S.H.)
- Department of Medicine V, Internal Medicine, Infectious Diseases and Infection Control, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus-Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
- Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Justus-Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
- Institute for Lung Health (ILH), Justus-Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Ioannis Alexopoulos
- Department of Medicine II, Internal Medicine, Pulmonary and Critical Care, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus-Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (V.K.); (A.K.); (G.K.); (M.K.); (M.M.B.); (I.A.); (A.I.V.-A.); (M.W.); (C.R.); (A.G.); (W.S.); (S.H.)
- Department of Medicine V, Internal Medicine, Infectious Diseases and Infection Control, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus-Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
- Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Justus-Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
- Institute for Lung Health (ILH), Justus-Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Ana Ivonne Vazquez-Armendariz
- Department of Medicine II, Internal Medicine, Pulmonary and Critical Care, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus-Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (V.K.); (A.K.); (G.K.); (M.K.); (M.M.B.); (I.A.); (A.I.V.-A.); (M.W.); (C.R.); (A.G.); (W.S.); (S.H.)
- Department of Medicine V, Internal Medicine, Infectious Diseases and Infection Control, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus-Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
- Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Justus-Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
- Institute for Lung Health (ILH), Justus-Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Malgorzata Wygrecka
- Department of Medicine II, Internal Medicine, Pulmonary and Critical Care, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus-Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (V.K.); (A.K.); (G.K.); (M.K.); (M.M.B.); (I.A.); (A.I.V.-A.); (M.W.); (C.R.); (A.G.); (W.S.); (S.H.)
- Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Justus-Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
- Institute for Lung Health (ILH), Justus-Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Clemens Ruppert
- Department of Medicine II, Internal Medicine, Pulmonary and Critical Care, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus-Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (V.K.); (A.K.); (G.K.); (M.K.); (M.M.B.); (I.A.); (A.I.V.-A.); (M.W.); (C.R.); (A.G.); (W.S.); (S.H.)
- Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Justus-Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Andreas Guenther
- Department of Medicine II, Internal Medicine, Pulmonary and Critical Care, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus-Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (V.K.); (A.K.); (G.K.); (M.K.); (M.M.B.); (I.A.); (A.I.V.-A.); (M.W.); (C.R.); (A.G.); (W.S.); (S.H.)
- Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Justus-Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
- Institute for Lung Health (ILH), Justus-Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Werner Seeger
- Department of Medicine II, Internal Medicine, Pulmonary and Critical Care, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus-Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (V.K.); (A.K.); (G.K.); (M.K.); (M.M.B.); (I.A.); (A.I.V.-A.); (M.W.); (C.R.); (A.G.); (W.S.); (S.H.)
- Department of Medicine V, Internal Medicine, Infectious Diseases and Infection Control, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus-Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
- Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Justus-Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
- Institute for Lung Health (ILH), Justus-Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Susanne Herold
- Department of Medicine II, Internal Medicine, Pulmonary and Critical Care, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus-Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (V.K.); (A.K.); (G.K.); (M.K.); (M.M.B.); (I.A.); (A.I.V.-A.); (M.W.); (C.R.); (A.G.); (W.S.); (S.H.)
- Department of Medicine V, Internal Medicine, Infectious Diseases and Infection Control, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus-Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
- Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Justus-Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
- Institute for Lung Health (ILH), Justus-Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Elie El Agha
- Department of Medicine II, Internal Medicine, Pulmonary and Critical Care, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus-Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (V.K.); (A.K.); (G.K.); (M.K.); (M.M.B.); (I.A.); (A.I.V.-A.); (M.W.); (C.R.); (A.G.); (W.S.); (S.H.)
- Department of Medicine V, Internal Medicine, Infectious Diseases and Infection Control, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus-Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
- Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Justus-Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
- Institute for Lung Health (ILH), Justus-Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
- Correspondence:
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13
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McNeill JN, Lee DH, Hwang SJ, Courchesne P, Yao C, Huan T, Joehanes R, O’Connor GT, Ho JE, Levy D. Association of 71 cardiovascular disease-related plasma proteins with pulmonary function in the community. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0266523. [PMID: 35390066 PMCID: PMC8989231 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0266523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE It has been speculated that shared mechanisms underlie respiratory and cardiovascular diseases (CVD) including systemic inflammation or mutual risk factors. In this context, we sought to examine the associations of CVD-related plasma proteins with lung function as measured by spirometry in a large community-based cohort of adults. METHODS The study included 5777 Framingham Heart Study participants who had spirometry and measurement of 71 CVD-related plasma proteins. The association of plasma proteins with lung function was assessed cross-sectionally and longitudinally using models accounting for familial correlations. Linear mixed models were used for the following measurements: FEV1%predicted, FVC%predicted, and FEV1/FVC ratio with secondary analyses examining obstructive and restrictive physiology at baseline and their new onset during follow up. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Among the 71 CVD-related plasma proteins, 13 proteins were associated in cross-sectional analyses with FEV1%predicted, 17 proteins were associated with FVC%predicted, and 1 protein was associated with FEV1/FVC. The proteins with the greatest inverse relations to FEV1%predicted and FVC%predicted included leptin, adrenomedullin, and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1; in contrast there were three proteins with positive relations to FEV1%predicted and FVC%predicted including insulin growth factor binding protein 2, tetranectin, and soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products. In longitudinal analyses, three proteins were associated with longitudinal change in FEV1 (ΔFEV1) and four with ΔFVC; no proteins were associated with ΔFEV1/FVC. CONCLUSION Our findings highlight CVD-related plasma proteins that are associated with lung function including markers of inflammation, adiposity, and fibrosis, representing proteins that may contribute both to respiratory and CVD risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenna N. McNeill
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Dong Heon Lee
- The Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts, and the Population Sciences Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Shih-Jen Hwang
- The Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts, and the Population Sciences Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Paul Courchesne
- The Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts, and the Population Sciences Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Chen Yao
- The Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts, and the Population Sciences Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Tianxiao Huan
- The Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts, and the Population Sciences Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Roby Joehanes
- The Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts, and the Population Sciences Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - George T. O’Connor
- Pulmonary Center, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Jennifer E. Ho
- Division of Cardiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Daniel Levy
- The Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts, and the Population Sciences Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
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14
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Elevated Serum IGFBP-2 and CTGF Levels Are Associated with Disease Activity in Patients with Dermatomyositis. DISEASE MARKERS 2022; 2022:9223883. [PMID: 35356065 PMCID: PMC8958080 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9223883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Background. Insulin-like growth factor-binding proteins (IGFBPs) and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) participate in angiogenesis. Dermatomyositis (DM) is characterized by microvasculopathy-derived skin lesions. Here, we investigated the clinical significance of serum IGFBP and CTGF levels in DM patients. Methods. In this study, 65 DM patients and 30 healthy controls were enrolled. Serum IGFBP and CTGF levels were examined by ELISA, and their correlation with clinical and laboratory findings was analyzed by Spearman’s correlation. Results. Serum IGFBP-2, IGFBP-4, and CTGF levels were higher in DM patients than in healthy controls (median (quartile): 258.9 (176.4–326.1) ng/mL vs. 167.7 (116.1–209.4) ng/mL,
; 450.4 (327.3–631.8) ng/mL vs. 392.2 (339.0–480.2) ng/mL,
; and 45.71 (38.54–57.45) ng/mL vs. 35.52 (30.23–41.52) ng/mL,
, respectively). IGFBP-2 and CTGF levels were positively correlated with cutaneous (
,
and
,
, respectively) and global (
,
and
,
, respectively) disease activity in DM patients. Conclusion. Serum IGFBP-2 and CTGF levels were increased in patients with DM and correlated with cutaneous and global disease activity.
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15
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He J, Li X. Identification and Validation of Aging-Related Genes in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. Front Genet 2022; 13:780010. [PMID: 35211155 PMCID: PMC8863089 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.780010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging plays a significant role in the occurrence and development of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). In this study, we aimed to identify and verify potential aging-associated genes involved in IPF using bioinformatic analysis. The mRNA expression profile dataset GSE150910 available in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and R software were used to identify the differentially expressed aging-related genes involved in IPF. Hub gene expression was validated by other GEO datasets. Gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis were performed on differentially expressed aging-related genes. Subsequently, aging-related genes were further screened using three techniques (least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression, support vector machine, and random forest), and the receiver operating characteristic curves were plotted based on screening results. Finally, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was performed to verify the RNA expression of the six differentially expressed aging-related genes using the blood samples of patients with IPF and healthy individuals. Sixteen differentially expressed aging-related genes were detected, of which the expression of 12 were upregulated and four were downregulated. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses indicated the presence of several enriched terms related to senescence and apoptotic mitochondrial changes. Further screening by LASSO regression, support vector machine, and random forest identified six genes (IGF1, RET, IGFBP2, CDKN2A, JUN, and TFAP2A) that could serve as potential diagnostic biomarkers for IPF. Furthermore, qRT-PCR analysis indicated that among the above-mentioned six aging-related genes, only the expression levels of IGF1, RET, and IGFBP2 in patients with IPF and healthy individuals were consistent with the results of bioinformatic analysis. In conclusion, bioinformatics analysis identified 16 potential aging-related genes associated with IPF, and clinical sample validation suggested that among these, IGF1, RET, and IGFBP2 might play a role in the incidence and prognosis of IPF. Our findings may help understand the pathogenesis of IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie He
- Clinical Medical College of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China.,Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- Clinical Medical College of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China.,Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
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Endothelial dysfunction contributes to severe COVID-19 in combination with dysregulated lymphocyte responses and cytokine networks. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2021; 6:418. [PMID: 34893580 PMCID: PMC8661333 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-021-00819-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The systemic processes involved in the manifestation of life-threatening COVID-19 and in disease recovery are still incompletely understood, despite investigations focusing on the dysregulation of immune responses after SARS-CoV-2 infection. To define hallmarks of severe COVID-19 in acute disease (n = 58) and in disease recovery in convalescent patients (n = 28) from Hannover Medical School, we used flow cytometry and proteomics data with unsupervised clustering analyses. In our observational study, we combined analyses of immune cells and cytokine/chemokine networks with endothelial activation and injury. ICU patients displayed an altered immune signature with prolonged lymphopenia but the expansion of granulocytes and plasmablasts along with activated and terminally differentiated T and NK cells and high levels of SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies. The core signature of seven plasma proteins revealed a highly inflammatory microenvironment in addition to endothelial injury in severe COVID-19. Changes within this signature were associated with either disease progression or recovery. In summary, our data suggest that besides a strong inflammatory response, severe COVID-19 is driven by endothelial activation and barrier disruption, whereby recovery depends on the regeneration of the endothelial integrity.
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Serial Measurements of Circulating KL-6, SP-D, MMP-7, CA19-9, CA-125, CCL18, and Periostin in Patients with Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis Receiving Antifibrotic Therapy: An Exploratory Study. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10173864. [PMID: 34501312 PMCID: PMC8432145 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10173864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive and inevitably fatal disease with a heterogeneous clinical course. This study aimed to evaluate the usefulness of circulating biomarkers in routine IPF clinical practice. We conducted an exploratory study in a cohort of 28 IPF subjects qualified for anti-fibrotic therapy with up to 24 months serial measurements of seven IPF biomarkers, including those that are well-established, Krebs von den Lungen-6 (KL-6), surfactant protein D (SP-D), matrix metalloproteinase 7 (MMP-7), and more recently introduced ones, cancer antigen 19-9 (CA19-9), cancer antigen 125 (CA-125), chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 18 (CCL18), and periostin. Among studied biomarkers, SP-D had the highest diagnostic accuracy to differentiate IPF subjects from controls, followed by MMP-7 and KL-6. At each study timepoint, KL-6 levels correlated inversely with forced vital capacity % predicted (FVC% pred.), and transfer factor of the lung for carbon monoxide % predicted (TL,CO% pred.), while SP-D levels correlated inversely with FVC% pred. and TL,CO% pred. at 24 months of anti-fibrotic therapy. Baseline KL-6 and CA19-9 concentrations were significantly elevated in patients with progressive disease in comparison to patients with stable disease. In addition, in the progressors subgroup CA19-9 concentrations significantly increased over the second year of study follow-up. In patients with progressive disease, we observed a significant inverse correlation between a change in SP-D levels and a change in FVC% pred. in the first year of treatment, whereas in the second year a significant inverse correlation between a change in KL-6 levels and a change in FVC% pred. was noted. Our study findings support the view that both well-established IPF biomarkers, including KL-6, SP-D, and MMP-7, and more recently introduced ones, like CA19-9, have the potential to support clinical practice in IPF.
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Neys SFH, Heukels P, van Hulst JAC, Rip J, Wijsenbeek MS, Hendriks RW, Corneth OBJ. Aberrant B Cell Receptor Signaling in Naïve B Cells from Patients with Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. Cells 2021; 10:cells10061321. [PMID: 34073225 PMCID: PMC8226954 DOI: 10.3390/cells10061321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 05/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic and ultimately fatal disease in which an impaired healing response to recurrent micro-injuries is thought to lead to fibrosis. Recent findings hint at a role for B cells and autoimmunity in IPF pathogenesis. We previously reported that circulating B cells from a fraction of patients, compared with healthy controls, express increased levels of the signaling molecule Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK). However, it remains unclear whether B cell receptor (BCR) signaling is altered in IPF. Here, we show that the response to BCR stimulation is enhanced in peripheral blood B cells from treatment-naïve IPF patients. We observed increased anti-immunoglobulin-induced phosphorylation of BTK and its substrate phospholipase Cγ2 (PLCγ2) in naïve but not in memory B cells of patients with IPF. In naïve B cells of IPF patients enhanced BCR signaling correlated with surface expression of transmembrane activator and calcium-modulator and cyclophilin ligand interactor (TACI) but not B cell activating factor receptor (BAFFR), both of which provide pro-survival signals. Interestingly, treatment of IPF patients with nintedanib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor with anti-fibrotic and anti-inflammatory activity, induced substantial changes in BCR signaling. These findings support the involvement of B cells in IPF pathogenesis and suggest that targeting BCR signaling has potential value as a treatment option.
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Guiot J, Njock MS, André B, Gester F, Henket M, de Seny D, Moermans C, Malaise MG, Louis R. Serum IGFBP-2 in systemic sclerosis as a prognostic factor of lung dysfunction. Sci Rep 2021; 11:10882. [PMID: 34035374 PMCID: PMC8149825 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-90333-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a rare connective tissue disease associated with rapid evolving interstitial lung disease (ILD), driving its mortality. Specific biomarkers associated with the progression of this lung disease are highly needed. We aimed to identify specific biomarkers of SSc-ILD to predict the evolution of the disease. For this, we compared prospectively serum levels of several biomarkers associated with lung fibrosis in SSc patients (n = 102), among which SSc-no ILD (n = 63) and SSc-ILD (n = 39), compared to healthy subjects (HS) (n = 39). We also performed a longitudinal study in a subgroup of 28 patients analyzing biomarkers variations and pulmonary function tests over a period of 2 years. Serum level of IGFBP-2 was significantly increased in SSc patients compared to HS, and negatively correlated with pulmonary function (assessed by carbon monoxide transfer coefficient (KCO)) (r = - 0.29, p < 0.01). Two-year longitudinal analysis in a subgroup of 28 SSc patients determined that IGFBP-2 variation was positively correlated with KCO at 2-year follow-up (r = 0.6, p < 0.001). SSc patients with a lower variation of IGFBP-2 (less than 22%) presented significant deterioration of pulmonary function at 2-year follow-up (p < 0.01). ROC curve analysis enabled us to identify that baseline IGFBP-2 > 105 ng/ml was associated with a poor outcome (KCO < 70% predicted) at 2-year follow-up (AUC = 0.75, p < 0.05). We showed for the first time that serum levels of IGFBP-2 might be a prognostic factor of the development of SSc-ILD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Guiot
- Laboratory of Pneumology, GIGA Research Center, University of Liège, University Hospital of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Makon-Sébastien Njock
- Laboratory of Pneumology, GIGA Research Center, University of Liège, University Hospital of Liège, Liège, Belgium.
- Laboratory of Rheumatology, GIGA Research Center, University of Liège, University Hospital of Liège, Liège, Belgium.
| | - Béatrice André
- Laboratory of Rheumatology, GIGA Research Center, University of Liège, University Hospital of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Fanny Gester
- Laboratory of Pneumology, GIGA Research Center, University of Liège, University Hospital of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Monique Henket
- Laboratory of Pneumology, GIGA Research Center, University of Liège, University Hospital of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Dominique de Seny
- Laboratory of Rheumatology, GIGA Research Center, University of Liège, University Hospital of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Catherine Moermans
- Laboratory of Pneumology, GIGA Research Center, University of Liège, University Hospital of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Michel G Malaise
- Laboratory of Rheumatology, GIGA Research Center, University of Liège, University Hospital of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Renaud Louis
- Laboratory of Pneumology, GIGA Research Center, University of Liège, University Hospital of Liège, Liège, Belgium
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20
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Inflammatory profile of induced sputum composition in systemic sclerosis and comparison with healthy volunteers. Sci Rep 2021; 11:10679. [PMID: 34021175 PMCID: PMC8139955 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-87701-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a potentially serious and disabling connective tissue disease specially in case of interstitial lung disease (SSc-ILD). The aim of our study was to evaluate the potential utility of dosing in the induced sputum (IS) and to compare their levels in SSc-ILD and SSc-nonILD patients, as well as in healthy volunteers (HV). IS and sera values were also compared. In a prospective cross-sectional analysis, we studied the IS and serum provided from 25 SSc patients, 15 SSc-nonILD and 10 SSc-ILD, compared to 25 HV. We analyzed sputum cell composition and quantified in the supernatant and corresponding serum by commercially available immunoassays: IGFBP-1, IGFBP-2, IGFBP-3, TGF-β, IL-8, TNF-α, YKL-40, MMP-7 and MMP-9. Lung function was studied by the determination of FEV-1 (%), FVC (%), DLCO (%) and KCO (%). The IS of SSc patients had a lower weight than HV (p<0.05, p<0.01) without any significant difference with regard to the cellularity. IGFBP-1 (p < 0.0001), TGF-β (p < 0.05), IL-8 (p < 0.05), YKL-40 (p < 0.0001) and MMP-7 (p < 0.01) levels were increased in the IS of SSc patients compared to HV. Only IL-8 serum levels (p < 0.001) were increased in SSc patients compared to HV. Neither in IS nor in serum were observed differences between SSc-ILD and SSc-nonILD patients. Correlations were observed between IS IL-8 levels and FEV-1 (%) (r = = − 0.53, p < 0.01), FVC (%) (r = − 0.51, p < 0.01) and annualized ∆KCO (%) (r = 0.57, p < 0.05), between IS TGF-β levels and annualized ∆FEV-1 (%) (r = = − 0.57, p < 0.05), between IS IGFBP-2 levels and annualized ∆KCO (%) (r = 0.56, p < 0.05). Our study showed that SSc patients exhibit raised IS levels of IGFBP-1, TGF-β, IL-8, YKL-40 and MMP-7, molecules known to be involved in lung remodeling and fibrotic process, without any significant difference between SSc-ILD and SSc-nonILD patients. IL-8, TGF-β and IGFBP-2 are correlated with lung function in SSc patients which emphasize clinical relevance. IS analysis represents a new approach to understand lung inflammatory process in SSc patients. A longitudinal study is needed to evaluate their pathophysiological relevance.
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Bowman WS, Echt GA, Oldham JM. Biomarkers in Progressive Fibrosing Interstitial Lung Disease: Optimizing Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Treatment Response. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:680997. [PMID: 34041256 PMCID: PMC8141562 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.680997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Interstitial lung disease (ILD) comprises a heterogenous group of diffuse lung disorders that commonly result in irreversible pulmonary fibrosis. While idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is the prototypical progressive fibrosing ILD (PF-ILD), a high proportion of patients with other ILD subtypes develop a PF-ILD phenotype. Evidence exists for shared pathobiology leading to progressive fibrosis, suggesting that biomarkers of disease activity may prove informative across the wide spectrum of ILDs. Biomarker investigation to date has identified a number of molecular markers that predict relevant ILD endpoints, including disease presence, prognosis, and/or treatment response. In this review, we provide an overview of potentially informative biomarkers in patients with ILD, including those suggestive of a PF-ILD phenotype. We highlight the recent genomic, transcriptomic, and proteomic investigations that identified these biomarkers and discuss the body compartments in which they are found, including the peripheral blood, airway, and lung parenchyma. Finally, we identify critical gaps in knowledge within the field of ILD biomarker research and propose steps to advance the field toward biomarker implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Willis S Bowman
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Gabrielle A Echt
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Justin M Oldham
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
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22
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Habeb M, Embarak S, Fathy A, Zalat M. Non-invasive IGFBP1, IGFBP2 biomarkers as predictors and outcomes of usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) therapeutic response. THE EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF BRONCHOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1186/s43168-020-00050-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) is a fatal disease that is associated with poor prognosis and survival. Several growth factors such as IGFs (insulin-like growth factors) and IGFBPs (insulin-like growth factor binding proteins) seem to take part to this pathogenesis.
Pirfenidone is an immunosuppressant drug that is thought to have anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic effects both in vitro and in vivo.
Objective
To assess IGFBP1 and IGFBP2 as non-invasive biomarkers for prediction and outcomes of UIP clinical activity and therapeutic response to the anti-fibrotic pirfenidone.
Results
Serum levels of IGFBP1 and IGFBP2 were significantly higher in the UIP group than in the healthy subjects (p ≤ 0.005). After 6 months therapy, UIP patients were divided into 2 groups according to improvement in MRC dyspnea grading into clinically improved and non-improved groups. 6MWT and SPaO2 were significantly improved in the clinically improved group compared to the non-improved one with no differences as regards other parameters (p < 0.0001). Both IGFBP1 and IGFBP2 were significantly decreased in serum while only IGFBP2 was decreased in BAL of all UIP after completing 12 months therapy.
Conclusion
IGFBP1 and IGFBP2 were increased in active UIP patients and reduced after 12 months anti-fibrosing therapy. IGFBPs may be promising biomarkers and predictors of response to therapy in UIP.
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23
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Pediatric pulmonary hypertension: insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 2 is a novel marker associated with disease severity and survival. Pediatr Res 2020; 88:850-856. [PMID: 32927467 PMCID: PMC7704926 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-020-01113-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Insulin-like growth factors (IGFs), and their binding proteins (IGFBPs), play a significant role in cardiovascular function and may influence the pathobiology of PAH. We determined the diagnostic and prognostic value of IGF1 and IGFBP2 in pediatric PAH. METHODS Serum was analyzed by ELISA for IGF1 and IGFBP2 in pediatric PAH subjects from the NHLBI PAH Biobank (PAHB, n = 175) and a cohort of asthmatic subjects (n = 46, age 0-21 years) as a chronic pediatric pulmonary disease control. Biomarkers were analyzed with demographic and clinical variables for PAH severity. RESULTS Serum IGF1 was significantly lower in PAH compared to controls, while IGFBP2 was elevated in PAH subjects compared to controls. In the PAHB, IGF1 was negatively associated with mPAP and PVR, while IGFBP2 was positively associated with PVR and negatively associated with cardiac output and 6-min walk distance. Higher IGFBP2 levels were associated with use of prostacyclin therapy. IGFBP2 was associated with death, transplant, or palliative shunt with a Cox proportional hazard ratio of 8.8 (p < 0.001) but not IGF1 (p = 0.13). CONCLUSIONS Circulating IGFBP2 is a novel marker for pediatric PAH, which is associated with worse functional status, and survival. IGF axis dysregulation may be an important mechanistic target in pediatric pulmonary arterial hypertension. IMPACT Pediatric pulmonary hypertension is a severe disease, with poorly understood pathobiology. There are few studies looking at the pathobiology of pulmonary hypertension only in children. The IGF axis is dysregulated in pediatric pulmonary arterial hypertension. IGF axis dysregulation, with increased IGFBP2, is associated with worse clinical outcomes in pediatric pulmonary artery hypertension. IGF axis dysregulation gives new insight into the disease process and may be a mechanistic or therapeutic target.
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24
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Yang J, Griffiths M, Nies MK, Brandal S, Damico R, Vaidya D, Tao X, Simpson CE, Kolb TM, Mathai SC, Pauciulo MW, Nichols WC, Ivy DD, Austin ED, Hassoun PM, Everett AD. Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-2: a new circulating indicator of pulmonary arterial hypertension severity and survival. BMC Med 2020; 18:268. [PMID: 33019943 PMCID: PMC7537100 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-020-01734-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a fatal disease that results from cardio-pulmonary dysfunction with the pathology largely unknown. Insulin-like growth factor binding protein 2 (IGFBP2) is an important member of the insulin-like growth factor family, with evidence suggesting elevation in PAH patients. We investigated the diagnostic and prognostic value of serum IGFBP2 in PAH to determine if it could discriminate PAH from healthy controls and if it was associated with disease severity and survival. METHODS Serum IGFBP2 levels, as well as IGF1/2 levels, were measured in two independent PAH cohorts, the Johns Hopkins Pulmonary Hypertension program (JHPH, N = 127), NHLBI PAHBiobank (PAHB, N = 203), and a healthy control cohort (N = 128). The protein levels in lung tissues were determined by western blot. The IGFBP2 mRNA expression levels in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMC) and endothelial cells (PAEC) were assessed by RNA-seq, secreted protein levels by ELISA. Association of biomarkers with clinical variables was evaluated using adjusted linear or logistic regression and Kaplan-Meier analysis. RESULTS In both PAH cohorts, serum IGFBP2 levels were significantly elevated (p < 0.0001) compared to controls and discriminated PAH from controls with an AUC of 0.76 (p < 0.0001). A higher IGFBP2 level was associated with a shorter 6-min walk distance (6MWD) in both cohorts after adjustment for age and sex (coefficient - 50.235 and - 57.336 respectively). Cox multivariable analysis demonstrated that higher serum IGFBP2 was a significant independent predictor of mortality in PAHB cohort only (HR, 3.92; 95% CI, 1.37-11.21). IGF1 levels were significantly increased only in the PAHB cohort; however, neither IGF1 nor IGF2 had equivalent levels of associations with clinical variables compared with IGFBP2. Western blotting shown that IGFBP2 protein was significantly increased in the PAH vs control lung tissues. Finally, IGFBP2 mRNA expression and secreted protein levels were significantly higher in PASMC than in PAEC. CONCLUSIONS IGFBP2 protein expression was increased in the PAH lung, and secreted by PASMC. Elevated circulating IGFBP2 was associated with PAH severity and mortality and is a potentially valuable prognostic marker in PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yang
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University, 720 Rutland Ave. Ross RM 1143, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
| | - Megan Griffiths
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University, 720 Rutland Ave. Ross RM 1143, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Melanie K Nies
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University, 720 Rutland Ave. Ross RM 1143, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Stephanie Brandal
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University, 720 Rutland Ave. Ross RM 1143, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Rachel Damico
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Dhananjay Vaidya
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Division of General Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Xueting Tao
- Depart of Pediatrics, Biostatics Epidemiology and Data Management Core, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Catherine E Simpson
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Todd M Kolb
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Stephen C Mathai
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Michael W Pauciulo
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - William C Nichols
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - David D Ivy
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Children's Hospital Colorado, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Eric D Austin
- Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Paul M Hassoun
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Allen D Everett
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University, 720 Rutland Ave. Ross RM 1143, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
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25
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T regulatory cells and TGF-β1: Predictors of the host response in mesh complications. Acta Biomater 2020; 115:127-135. [PMID: 32771596 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2020.07.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Polypropylene mesh is frequently used in urogynecology procedures; however, pain and mesh exposure into the vagina occur in ~10% of cases. Mesh-induced pain, which occurs with or without exposure, persists after removal in 50% of cases. Chronic pain history predicts poor response to mesh removal but only a fraction have this diagnosis. We hypothesize that mesh induced pain is correlated with fibrosis and failure to improve with a heightened inflammatory and fibrotic host response. Women undergoing mesh removal were offered participation in a mesh biorepository. Standardized questionnaires including visual analog scale (VAS) pelvic pain scores were completed at enrollment and 6 months after removal. Responders were considered those with ≥13 mm VAS improvement. 30 mesh-tissue explants were randomly selected for analysis. Samples were labeled for CD8, CD4 (Th) and FoxP3 (Tregs). Peri-fiber collagen deposition (fibrosis) was measured using a customized semi-quantitative assay. Concentrations of TGF-b1, bFGF, MCP-1, PDGF-BB, and IGFBP-1 in tissue were determined by immunoassay and compared to vaginal control biopsies with pathway analysis. VAS pain scores were correlated with degree of histologic fibrosis. Responders had more Tregs (7.8 vs 0.3 per mm2, p = 0.036) and patients were 1.6 times as likely to be a responder for every additional Treg/mm2 (p = 0.05). Pro-fibrotic TGF-β1 was doubled in nonresponders (p = 0.032). On pathway analysis, decreased bFGF and increased PDGF-BB provide a possible mechanism for upregulation of TGF-β1. In conclusion, fibrosis is a plausible mechanism of pain complications and the adaptive immune response likely contributes to mitigation/prevention of complications and recovery in affected patients. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Polypropylene mesh improves anatomical outcomes in urogynecologic procedures, but is associated with complications, including pain and exposure through the vaginal epithelium. Mesh-induced pain is difficult to treat, and it is unclear why only half of women experience pain improvement after mesh removal. In this study, patient pain correlated with the presence of fibrosis and women with more T regulatory cells and lower TGF-β1 were more likely to have pain improvement following mesh removal. These findings implicate fibrosis as a mechanism of pain complications and suggest that the adaptive immune response may be responsible for prevention of complication and recovery. This improved understanding of how mesh can lead to pain moves us closer to the ultimate goal of preventing mesh complications.
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26
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Corazza M, Oton-Gonzalez L, Scuderi V, Rotondo JC, Lanzillotti C, Di Mauro G, Tognon M, Martini F, Borghi A. Tissue cytokine/chemokine profile in vulvar lichen sclerosus: An observational study on keratinocyte and fibroblast cultures. J Dermatol Sci 2020; 100:223-226. [PMID: 32998835 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2020.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Monica Corazza
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Dermatology and Infectious Diseases, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | | | - Valeria Scuderi
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Dermatology and Infectious Diseases, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | | | | | - Giulia Di Mauro
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Mauro Tognon
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Fernanda Martini
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Alessandro Borghi
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Dermatology and Infectious Diseases, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.
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27
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Fan Y, He R, Zou L, Meng J. [Clinical value of biomarkers in diagnosis and treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2020; 40:1062-1065. [PMID: 32895164 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2020.07.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic interstitial pneumonia characterized by progressive accumulation of fibroblastic foci and destruction of the alveolar structure. Due to an incomplete understanding of the mechanism of the occurrence and progression of IPF, currently no effective means have been available for its early screening or treatment. With a poor overall prognosis, the patients with IPF have a median survival of only 2-4 years. In recent years, several studies have confirmed that dozens of molecules are involved in the development of IPF and can be used as potential biomarkers. These biomarkers play important roles in early diagnosis (such as SP-D, MMP-7, and osteopontin), prognostic evaluation (such as telomerase length, KL-6, mtDNA, HSP-70, LOXL2, CXCL13, miRNA, ICAM-1, and CCL18), and guiding treatment of IPF (such as TOLLIP rs3750920 genotype, SAMS score, and SP-D), and also provide potential therapeutic targets (such as TERT, TERR, RTEC, and PARN).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yubin Fan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Xiangya Hospital; Organ Fibrosis Research Center, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Rongling He
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Xiangya Hospital; Organ Fibrosis Research Center, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Lijun Zou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Xiangya Hospital; Organ Fibrosis Research Center, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Jie Meng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Xiangya Hospital; Organ Fibrosis Research Center, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
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28
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Chiang CC, Chen CM, Suen JL, Su HH, Hsieh CC, Cheng CM. Stimulatory effect of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) on pulmonary fibroblast differentiation. Dig Liver Dis 2020; 52:988-994. [PMID: 32727693 DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2020.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2020] [Revised: 07/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies indicate that prolonged micro-aspiration of gastric fluid is associated in gastroesophageal reflux disease with the development of chronic respiratory diseases, possibly caused by inflammation-related immunomodulation. Therefore, we sought to ascertain the effect of gastric fluid exposure on pulmonary residential cells. The expression of α-smooth muscle actin as a fibrotic marker was increased in both normal human pulmonary fibroblast cells and mouse macrophages. Gastric fluid enhanced the proliferation and migration of HFL-1 cells and stimulated the expression of inflammatory cytokines in an antibody assay. Elevated expression of the Rho signaling pathway was noted in fibroblast cells stimulated with gastric fluid or conditioned media. These results indicate that gastric fluid alone, or the mixture of proinflammatory mediators induced by gastric fluid in the pulmonary context, can stimulate pulmonary fibroblast cell inflammation, migration, and differentiation, suggesting that a wound healing process is initiated. Subsequent aberrant repair in pulmonary residential cells may lead to pulmonary fibroblast differentiation and fibrotic progression. The results point to a stimulatory effect of chronic GERD on pulmonary fibroblast differentiation, and this may promote the development of chronic pulmonary diseases in the long term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Che Chiang
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Ming Chen
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan; School of Medicine, Chun Shan Medicine University, Taichung Taiwan
| | - Jau Ling Suen
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hsiang Han Su
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chong Chao Hsieh
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Mei Cheng
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
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Guiot J, Henket M, Andre B, Herzog M, Hardat N, Njock MS, Moermans C, Malaise M, Louis R. A new nucleosomic-based model to identify and diagnose SSc-ILD. Clin Epigenetics 2020; 12:124. [PMID: 32807242 PMCID: PMC7430109 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-020-00915-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a rare connective tissue disease associated with rapid evolving interstitial lung disease (SSc-ILD), driving its mortality. Specific biomarkers associated with the evolution of the lung disease are highly needed. We aimed to identify specific biomarkers of SSc-ILD to predict the evolution of the disease. Nucleosomes are stable DNA/protein complexes that are shed into the blood stream making them ideal candidates for biomarkers. METHODS We studied circulating cell-free nucleosomes (cf-nucleosomes) in SSc patients, 31 with ILD (SSc-ILD) and 67 without ILD. We analyzed plasma levels for cf-nucleosomes and investigated whether global circulating nucleosome levels in association with or without other biomarkers of interest for systemic sclerosis or lung fibrosis (e.g., serum growth factors: IGFBP-1 and the MMP enzyme: MMP-9), could be suitable potential biomarkers for the correct identification of SSc-ILD disease. RESULTS We found that H3.1 nucleosome levels were significantly higher in patients with SSc-ILD compared SSc patients without ILD (p < 0.05) and levels of MMP-9 were significantly increased in patients with SSc-ILD compared to SSc patients without ILD (p < 0.05). Conversely, IGFBP-1 was significantly reduced in patients with SSc-ILD compared to SSc without ILD (p < 0.001). The combination of cf-nucleosomes H3.1 coupled to MMP-9 and IGFBP-1 increased the sensitivity for the differential detection of SSc-ILD. High levels of accuracy were reached with this combined model: its performances are strong with 68.4% of positive predictive value and 77.2% of negative predictive value for 90% of specificity. With our model, we identified a significant negative correlation with FVC % pred (r = -0.22) and TLC % pred (r = -0.31). The value of our model at T1 (baseline) has a predictive power over the Rodnan score at T2 (after 6-18 months), showed by a significant linear regression with R2 = 19% (p = 0.013). We identified in the sole group of SSc-ILD patients a significant linear regression with a R2 = 54.4% with the variation of DLCO between T1 and T2 (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION In our study, we identified a new blood-based model with nucleosomic biomarker in order to diagnose SSc-ILD in a SSc cohort. This model is correlated with TLC and FVC at baseline and predictive of the skin evolution and the DLCO. Further longitudinal exploration studies should be performed in order to evaluate the potential of such diagnostic and predictive model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Guiot
- Pneumology Department, CHU Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, B35, B4000, Liège, Belgium.
| | - Monique Henket
- Pneumology Department, CHU Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, B35, B4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - Béatrice Andre
- Rheumatology Department, CHU Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, B35, B4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - Marielle Herzog
- Belgian Volition SPRL, Parc Scientifique Créalys, 22 rue Phocas lejeune, B5032, Isnes, Belgium
| | - Nathalie Hardat
- Belgian Volition SPRL, Parc Scientifique Créalys, 22 rue Phocas lejeune, B5032, Isnes, Belgium
| | - Makon-Sebastien Njock
- Pneumology Department, CHU Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, B35, B4000, Liège, Belgium
- Rheumatology Department, CHU Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, B35, B4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - Catherine Moermans
- Pneumology Department, CHU Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, B35, B4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - Michel Malaise
- Rheumatology Department, CHU Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, B35, B4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - Renaud Louis
- Pneumology Department, CHU Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, B35, B4000, Liège, Belgium
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30
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Ni S, Song M, Guo W, Guo T, Shen Q, Peng H. Biomarkers and their potential functions in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Expert Rev Respir Med 2020; 14:593-602. [PMID: 32187497 DOI: 10.1080/17476348.2020.1745066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic, devastating, and progressive lung disease that is characterized by fibrosis and respiratory failure. IPF holds high morbidity and poor prognosis and still faces considerable problems of reliable diagnosis and valid prognosis. A growing body of literature have reported changes in the level of various biomarkers in IPF patients, which means that they are expected to become a new tool for the clinical practice of IPF.Areas covered: We reviewed the recent literature about biomarkers and focus on the role they play in IPF. We systematically searched Medline/PubMed through February 2020. Many works of literature have shown that a variety of biomolecules and genomics played multiple roles in the diagnosis or differential diagnosis, prognosis, and indication of acute deterioration of IPF and so on.Expert opinion: Significant advances have been made in the role of biomarkers for IPF these years; however, current data indicate that a single biomarker is unlikely to have a transformative effect on clinical practice; therefore, the combined effect of various biomarkers can be considered to improve the accuracy of diagnosis and prognosis. Further research of biomarkers may provide new insights for the diagnosis, prognosis, and even therapy of IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Ni
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University; Research Unit of Respiratory Disease, Central South University; The Respiratory Disease Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Min Song
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University; Research Unit of Respiratory Disease, Central South University; The Respiratory Disease Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Wei Guo
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University; Research Unit of Respiratory Disease, Central South University; The Respiratory Disease Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ting Guo
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University; Research Unit of Respiratory Disease, Central South University; The Respiratory Disease Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qinxue Shen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University; Research Unit of Respiratory Disease, Central South University; The Respiratory Disease Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hong Peng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University; Research Unit of Respiratory Disease, Central South University; The Respiratory Disease Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarkers for Chronic Fibrosing Interstitial Lung Diseases With a Progressive Phenotype. Chest 2020; 158:646-659. [PMID: 32268131 DOI: 10.1016/j.chest.2020.03.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Biomarkers have the potential to become central to the clinical evaluation and monitoring of patients with chronic fibrosing interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) with a progressive phenotype. Here we summarize the current understanding of putative serum, BAL fluid, and genetic biomarkers in this setting, according to their hypothesized pathobiologic mechanisms: evidence of epithelial cell dysfunction (eg, Krebs von den Lungen-6 antigen), fibroblast proliferation and extracellular matrix production or turnover (eg, matrix metalloproteinase-1), or immune dysregulation (eg, CC chemokine ligand 18). While most of the available data come from idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), the prototypic progressive fibrosing ILD, data are available in the broader patient population of chronic fibrosing ILDs. A number of these biomarkers show promise, however, none have been validated. In this review article, we assess both the status of proposed biomarkers for chronic fibrosing lung diseases with a progressive phenotype in predicting disease risk or predisposition, diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment response and provide a direct comparison between IPF and other chronic fibrotic ILDs. We also reflect on the current clinical usefulness and future direction of research for biomarkers in the setting of chronic fibrosing ILDs with a progressive phenotype.
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32
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Bonhomme O, André B, Gester F, de Seny D, Moermans C, Struman I, Louis R, Malaise M, Guiot J. Biomarkers in systemic sclerosis-associated interstitial lung disease: review of the literature. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2020; 58:1534-1546. [PMID: 31292645 PMCID: PMC6736409 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kez230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2019] [Revised: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
SSc is a rare disease of unknown origin associated with multiple organ involvement. One of the major complications that drives the mortality of SSc patients is interstitial lung disease. The course of SSc-interstitial lung disease progression has a wide spectrum. Since the treatment is based on aggressive immunosuppression it should not be given to stable or non-progressing disease. The correct identification of disease with high risk of progression remains a challenge for early therapeutic intervention, and biomarkers remain urgently needed. In fact, eight categories of biomarkers have been identified and classified according to the different biological pathways involved. The purpose of this article is to describe the main biomarkers thought to be of interest with clinical value in the diagnosis and prognosis of SSc-interstitial lung disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Ingrid Struman
- Molecular Angiogenesis Laboratory, GIGA R, University of Liege, Liège, Belgium
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33
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Renaud L, da Silveira WA, Takamura N, Hardiman G, Feghali-Bostwick C. Prominence of IL6, IGF, TLR, and Bioenergetics Pathway Perturbation in Lung Tissues of Scleroderma Patients With Pulmonary Fibrosis. Front Immunol 2020; 11:383. [PMID: 32210969 PMCID: PMC7075854 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Scleroderma-associated pulmonary fibrosis (SSc-PF) and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) are two of many chronic fibroproliferative diseases that are responsible for nearly 45% of all deaths in developed countries. While sharing several pathobiological characteristics, they also have very distinct features. Currently no effective anti-fibrotic treatments exist that can halt the progression of PF or reverse it. Our goal is to uncover potential gene targets for the development of anti-fibrotic therapies efficacious in both diseases, and those specific to SSc-PF, by identifying universal pathways and molecules driving fibrosis in SSc-PF and IPF tissues as well as those unique to SSc-PF. Using DNA microarray data, a meta-analysis of the differentially expressed (DE) genes in SSc-PF and IPF lung tissues (diseased vs. normal) was performed followed by a full systems level analysis of the common and unique transcriptomic signatures obtained. Protein-protein interaction networks were generated to identify hub proteins and explore the data using the centrality principle. Our results suggest that therapeutic strategies targeting IL6 trans-signaling, IGFBP2, IGFL2, and the coagulation cascade may be efficacious in both SSc-PF and IPF. Further, our data suggest that the expression of matrikine-producing collagens is also perturbed in PF. Lastly, an overall perturbation of bioenergetics, specifically between glycolysis and fatty acid metabolism, was uncovered in SSc-PF. Our findings provide insights into potential targets for the development of anti-fibrotic therapies that could be effective in both IPF and SSc-PF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludivine Renaud
- Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Willian A. da Silveira
- School of Biological Sciences, Institute for Global Food Security, Queens University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Naoko Takamura
- Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Gary Hardiman
- Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
- School of Biological Sciences, Institute for Global Food Security, Queens University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Carol Feghali-Bostwick
- Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
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34
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Elhai M, Avouac J, Allanore Y. Circulating lung biomarkers in idiopathic lung fibrosis and interstitial lung diseases associated with connective tissue diseases: Where do we stand? Semin Arthritis Rheum 2020; 50:480-491. [PMID: 32089354 DOI: 10.1016/j.semarthrit.2020.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) are complex diseases with various courses where personalized medicine is highly expected. Biomarkers are indicators of physiological, pathological processes or of pharmacological response to therapeutic interventions. They can be used for diagnosis, risk-stratification, prediction and monitoring of treatment response. To better delineate the input and pitfalls of biomarkers in ILDs, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of literature in MEDLINE and Embase databases from January 1960 to February 2019. We focused on circulating biomarkers as having the highest generalizability. Overall, 70 studies were included in the review and 20 studies could be included in the meta-analysis. This review highlights that ILD associated with connective tissue diseases (CTD-ILD) and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) share common biomarkers, suggesting common pathophysiological pathways. KL-6 and SP-D, could diagnose lung fibrosis in both IPF and CTD-ILD, with KL-6 having the strongest value (OR: 520.95[110.07-2465.58], p<0.001 in IPF and OR:26.43[7.15-97.68], p<0.001 in CTD-ILD), followed by SPD (OR: 33.81[3.20-357.52], p = 0.003 in IPF and 13.24 [3.84-45.71] in SSc-ILD), MMP7 appeared as interesting for IPF diagnosis (p<0.001), whereas in SSc, CCL18 was associated with ILD diagnosis. Both CCL18 and KL-6 were predictive for the outcomes of ILDs, with higher predictive values for CCL18 in both IPF (OR:10.22[4.72-22.16], p<0.001 and in SSc [2.62[1.71-4.03], p<0.001). However, disease specific biomarkers are lacking and large longitudinal studies are needed before the translational use of the potential biomarkers in clinical practice. With the recent availability of new effective therapies in ILDs, further studies should assess response to treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muriel Elhai
- INSERM U1016, Rheumatology A department, Cochin Hospital, Paris Descartes University, 27 rue du Faubourg Saint Jacques, 75014 Paris, France.
| | - Jérôme Avouac
- INSERM U1016, Rheumatology A department, Cochin Hospital, Paris Descartes University, 27 rue du Faubourg Saint Jacques, 75014 Paris, France.
| | - Yannick Allanore
- INSERM U1016, Rheumatology A department, Cochin Hospital, Paris Descartes University, 27 rue du Faubourg Saint Jacques, 75014 Paris, France.
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35
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Kishore K, Singh A, Verma A, Singh A. Nintedanib for the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: An Indian perspective. THE JOURNAL OF ASSOCIATION OF CHEST PHYSICIANS 2020. [DOI: 10.4103/jacp.jacp_35_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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36
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Jee AS, Sahhar J, Youssef P, Bleasel J, Adelstein S, Nguyen M, Corte TJ. Review: Serum biomarkers in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and systemic sclerosis associated interstitial lung disease – frontiers and horizons. Pharmacol Ther 2019; 202:40-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2019.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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37
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Ruffenach G, Umar S, Vaillancourt M, Hong J, Cao N, Sarji S, Moazeni S, Cunningham CM, Ardehali A, Reddy ST, Saggar R, Fishbein G, Eghbali M. Histological hallmarks and role of Slug/PIP axis in pulmonary hypertension secondary to pulmonary fibrosis. EMBO Mol Med 2019; 11:e10061. [PMID: 31468711 PMCID: PMC6728601 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.201810061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Revised: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension secondary to pulmonary fibrosis (PF-PH) is one of the most common causes of PH, and there is no approved therapy. The molecular signature of PF-PH and underlying mechanism of why pulmonary hypertension (PH) develops in PF patients remains understudied and poorly understood. We observed significantly increased vascular wall thickness in both fibrotic and non-fibrotic areas of PF-PH patient lungs compared to PF patients. The increased vascular wall thickness in PF-PH patients is concomitant with a significantly increased expression of the transcription factor Slug within the macrophages and its target prolactin-induced protein (PIP), an extracellular matrix protein that induces pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cell proliferation. We developed a novel translational rat model of combined PF-PH that is reproducible and shares similar histological features (fibrosis, pulmonary vascular remodeling) and molecular features (Slug and PIP upregulation) with human PF-PH. We found Slug inhibition decreases PH severity in our animal model of PF-PH. Our study highlights the role of Slug/PIP axis in PF-PH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregoire Ruffenach
- Division of Molecular MedicineDepartment of Anesthesiology & Perioperative MedicineUCLALos AngelesCAUSA
| | - Soban Umar
- Division of Molecular MedicineDepartment of Anesthesiology & Perioperative MedicineUCLALos AngelesCAUSA
| | - Mylene Vaillancourt
- Division of Molecular MedicineDepartment of Anesthesiology & Perioperative MedicineUCLALos AngelesCAUSA
| | - Jason Hong
- Division of Molecular MedicineDepartment of Anesthesiology & Perioperative MedicineUCLALos AngelesCAUSA
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical CareDepartment of MedicineUCLALos AngelesCAUSA
| | - Nancy Cao
- Division of Molecular MedicineDepartment of Anesthesiology & Perioperative MedicineUCLALos AngelesCAUSA
| | - Shervin Sarji
- Division of Molecular MedicineDepartment of Anesthesiology & Perioperative MedicineUCLALos AngelesCAUSA
| | - Shayan Moazeni
- Division of Molecular MedicineDepartment of Anesthesiology & Perioperative MedicineUCLALos AngelesCAUSA
| | - Christine M Cunningham
- Division of Molecular MedicineDepartment of Anesthesiology & Perioperative MedicineUCLALos AngelesCAUSA
| | - Abbas Ardehali
- Division of Cardiothoracic SurgeryDepartment of SurgeryUCLALos AngelesCAUSA
| | - Srinivasa T Reddy
- Division of Molecular & Medical PharmacologyDepartment of MedicineUCLALos AngelesCAUSA
| | - Rajan Saggar
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical CareDepartment of MedicineUCLALos AngelesCAUSA
| | | | - Mansoureh Eghbali
- Division of Molecular MedicineDepartment of Anesthesiology & Perioperative MedicineUCLALos AngelesCAUSA
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Exosomal miRNAs in Lung Diseases: From Biologic Function to Therapeutic Targets. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8091345. [PMID: 31470655 PMCID: PMC6781233 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8091345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Revised: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests the potential role of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in many lung diseases. According to their subcellular origin, secretion mechanism, and size, EVs are currently classified into three subpopulations: exosomes, microvesicles, and apoptotic bodies. Exosomes are released in most biofluids, including airway fluids, and play a key role in intercellular communication via the delivery of their cargo (e.g., microRNAs (miRNAs)) to target cell. In a physiological context, lung exosomes present protective effects against stress signals which allow them to participate in the maintenance of lung homeostasis. The presence of air pollution alters the composition of lung exosomes (dysregulation of exosomal miRNAs) and their homeostatic property. Indeed, besides their potential as diagnostic biomarkers for lung diseases, lung exosomes are functional units capable of dysregulating numerous pathophysiological processes (including inflammation or fibrosis), resulting in the promotion of lung disease progression. Here, we review recent studies on the known and potential role of lung exosomes/exosomal miRNAs, in the maintaining of lung homeostasis on one hand, and in promoting lung disease progression on the other. We will also discuss using exosomes as prognostic/diagnostic biomarkers as well as therapeutic tools for lung diseases.
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39
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Sood S, Russell TD, Shifren A. Biomarkers in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. Respir Med 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-99975-3_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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40
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Barratt SL, Creamer A, Hayton C, Chaudhuri N. Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF): An Overview. J Clin Med 2018; 7:jcm7080201. [PMID: 30082599 PMCID: PMC6111543 DOI: 10.3390/jcm7080201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 210] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Revised: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is an interstitial lung disease characterised by chronic, progressive scarring of the lungs and the pathological hallmark of usual interstitial pneumonia. Current paradigms suggest alveolar epithelial cell damage is a key initiating factor. Globally, incidence of the disease is rising, with associated high morbidity, mortality, and economic healthcare burden. Diagnosis relies on a multidisciplinary team approach with exclusion of other causes of interstitial lung disease. Over recent years, two novel antifibrotic therapies, pirfenidone and nintedanib, have been developed, providing treatment options for many patients with IPF, with several other agents in early clinical trials. Current efforts are directed at identifying key biomarkers that may direct more customized patient-centred healthcare to improve outcomes for these patients in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaney L Barratt
- Bristol Interstitial Lung Disease Service, North Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol BS10 5NB, UK.
- Academic Respiratory Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol BS16 1QY, UK.
| | - Andrew Creamer
- Bristol Interstitial Lung Disease Service, North Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol BS10 5NB, UK.
| | - Conal Hayton
- North West Interstitial Lung Disease Unit, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Wythenshawe, Manchester M23 9LT, UK.
| | - Nazia Chaudhuri
- North West Interstitial Lung Disease Unit, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Wythenshawe, Manchester M23 9LT, UK.
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Nawabi J, Vohlen C, Dinger K, Thangaratnarajah C, Klaudt C, Lopez Garcia E, Hirani DV, Karakaya PH, Macheleidt I, Odenthal M, Nüsken KD, Dötsch J, Alejandre Alcazar MA. Novel functional role of GH/IGF-I in neonatal lung myofibroblasts and in rat lung growth after intrauterine growth restriction. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2018; 315:L623-L637. [PMID: 30047284 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00413.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is a risk factor for neonatal chronic lung disease (CLD) characterized by reduced alveoli and perturbed matrix remodeling. Previously, our group showed an activation of myofibroblasts and matrix remodeling in rat lungs after IUGR. Because growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) regulate development and growth, we queried 1) whether GH/IGF-I signaling is dysregulated in lungs after IUGR and 2) whether GH/IGF-I signaling is linked to neonatal lung myofibroblast function. IUGR was induced in Wistar rats by isocaloric low-protein diet during gestation. Lungs were obtained at embryonic day (E) 21, postnatal day (P) 3, P12, and P23. Murine embryonic fibroblasts (MEF) or primary neonatal myofibroblasts from rat lungs of control (pnFCo) and IUGR (pnFIUGR) were used for cell culture studies. In the intrauterine phase (E21), we found a reduction in GH receptor (GH-R), Stat5 signaling and IGF-I expression in lungs after IUGR. In the postnatal phase (P3-P23), catchup growth after IUGR was linked to increased GH mRNA, GH-R protein, activation of proliferative Stat5/Akt signaling, cyclin D1 and PCNA in rat lungs. On P23, a thickening of the alveolar septae was related to increased vimentin and matrix deposition, indicating fibrosis. In cell culture studies, nutrient deprivation blocked GH-R/IGF-IR signaling and proliferation in MEFs; this was reversed by IGF-I. Proliferation and Stat5 activation were increased in pnFIUGR. IGF-I and GH induced proliferation and migration of pnFCo; only IGF-I had these effects on pnFIUGR. Thus, we show a novel mechanism by which the GH/IGF-I axis in lung myofibroblasts could account for structural lung changes after IUGR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jawed Nawabi
- Translational Experimental Pediatrics, Experimental Pulmonology, University Hospital for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne , Cologne , Germany
| | - Christina Vohlen
- Translational Experimental Pediatrics, Experimental Pulmonology, University Hospital for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne , Cologne , Germany.,University Hospital for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne , Cologne , Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine of Cologne, University of Cologne , Cologne , Germany
| | - Katharina Dinger
- Translational Experimental Pediatrics, Experimental Pulmonology, University Hospital for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne , Cologne , Germany
| | - Chansutha Thangaratnarajah
- Translational Experimental Pediatrics, Experimental Pulmonology, University Hospital for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne , Cologne , Germany
| | - Christian Klaudt
- Translational Experimental Pediatrics, Experimental Pulmonology, University Hospital for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne , Cologne , Germany
| | - Eva Lopez Garcia
- Translational Experimental Pediatrics, Experimental Pulmonology, University Hospital for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne , Cologne , Germany
| | - Dharmesh V Hirani
- Translational Experimental Pediatrics, Experimental Pulmonology, University Hospital for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne , Cologne , Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine of Cologne, University of Cologne , Cologne , Germany
| | - Pinar Haznedar Karakaya
- Translational Experimental Pediatrics, Experimental Pulmonology, University Hospital for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne , Cologne , Germany
| | - Iris Macheleidt
- Center for Molecular Medicine of Cologne, University of Cologne , Cologne , Germany.,Institute for Pathology, University Hospital of Cologne , Cologne , Germany
| | - Margarete Odenthal
- Center for Molecular Medicine of Cologne, University of Cologne , Cologne , Germany.,Institute for Pathology, University Hospital of Cologne , Cologne , Germany
| | - Kai D Nüsken
- University Hospital for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne , Cologne , Germany
| | - Jörg Dötsch
- University Hospital for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne , Cologne , Germany
| | - Miguel A Alejandre Alcazar
- Translational Experimental Pediatrics, Experimental Pulmonology, University Hospital for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne , Cologne , Germany.,University Hospital for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne , Cologne , Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine of Cologne, University of Cologne , Cologne , Germany
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Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 Signaling in Lung Development and Inflammatory Lung Diseases. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:6057589. [PMID: 30018981 PMCID: PMC6029485 DOI: 10.1155/2018/6057589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) was firstly identified as a hormone that mediates the biological effects of growth hormone. Accumulating data have indicated the role of IGF-1 signaling pathway in lung development and diseases such as congenital disorders, cancers, inflammation, and fibrosis. IGF-1 signaling modulates the development and differentiation of many types of lung cells, including airway basal cells, club cells, alveolar epithelial cells, and fibroblasts. IGF-1 signaling deficiency results in alveolar hyperplasia in humans and disrupted lung architecture in animal models. The components of IGF-1 signaling pathways are potentiated as biomarkers as they are dysregulated locally or systemically in lung diseases, whereas data may be inconsistent or even paradoxical among different studies. The usage of IGF-1-based therapeutic agents urges for more researches in developmental disorders and inflammatory lung diseases, as the majority of current data are collected from limited number of animal experiments and are generally less exuberant than those in lung cancer. Elucidation of these questions by further bench-to-bedside researches may provide us with rational clinical diagnostic approaches and agents concerning IGF-1 signaling in lung diseases.
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Guiot J, Duysinx B, Seidel L, Henket M, Gester F, Bonhomme O, Corhay JL, Louis R. Clinical experience in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: a retrospective study. Acta Clin Belg 2018; 73:139-143. [PMID: 29125071 DOI: 10.1080/17843286.2017.1399228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a rare lung disease with an increased incidence since the last few years. Here, we report our eight-year clinical experience in CHU of Liège, Belgium. Methods We have studied retrospectively patients recruited from our ambulatory care polyclinic at CHU of Liège from 1 January 2009 to 1 January 2017. We have excluded all patients treated with a specific anti-fibrotic therapy due to incomplete follow-up. The diagnosis of IPF was made according to the ATS/ERS international recommendations (2015). Results Out of the 114 patients initially selected, 82 cases were found to be suitable for the analysis. The average age was 71.1 ± 9.35 years with a male predominance. The median survival was 43.7 months (23.6-71.7) with a majority (45%) of patients in the group II of the GAP index. The median rate of annual decline in diffusion capacity of CO (DLCO) was 11%, whereas the sub analysis for group III (according to GAP index) showed a decrease annual rate of 30%. Conclusion Our results are in keeping with the literature. One of our major finding is that patients in GAP III exhibit an annual rate of mortality of 42% and a median annual decline in DLCO of 30%. This observation highlights the fact that this specific subgroup of patients presents a high risk of morbi-mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Guiot
- Pneumology Department, CHU Liège, Domaine universitaire du Sart-Tilman, Liège, Belgium
| | - Bernard Duysinx
- Pneumology Department, CHU Liège, Domaine universitaire du Sart-Tilman, Liège, Belgium
| | - Laurence Seidel
- Department of Medico-Economy and Biostatistics, Domaine universitaire du Sart-Tilman, Liège, Belgium
| | - Monique Henket
- Pneumology Department, CHU Liège, Domaine universitaire du Sart-Tilman, Liège, Belgium
| | - Fanny Gester
- Pneumology Department, CHU Liège, Domaine universitaire du Sart-Tilman, Liège, Belgium
| | - Olivier Bonhomme
- Pneumology Department, CHU Liège, Domaine universitaire du Sart-Tilman, Liège, Belgium
| | - Jean-Louis Corhay
- Pneumology Department, CHU Liège, Domaine universitaire du Sart-Tilman, Liège, Belgium
| | - Renaud Louis
- Pneumology Department, CHU Liège, Domaine universitaire du Sart-Tilman, Liège, Belgium
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Ding H, Wu T. Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Proteins in Autoimmune Diseases. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018; 9:499. [PMID: 30214426 PMCID: PMC6125368 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor binding proteins (IGFBPs) are a family of proteins binding to Insulin-like growth factors (IGFs), generally including IGFBP1, IGFBP2, IGFBP3, IGFBP4, IGFBP5, and IGFBP6. The biological functions of IGFBPs can be classified as IGFs-dependent actions and IGFs-independent effects. In this review, we will discuss the structure and function of various IGFBPs, particularly IGFBPs as potential emerging biomarkers and therapeutic targets in various autoimmune diseases, and the possible mechanisms by which IGFBPs act on the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huihua Ding
- Department of Rheumatology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianfu Wu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, United States
- *Correspondence: Tianfu Wu
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Guiot J, Struman I, Chavez V, Henket M, Herzog M, Scoubeau K, Hardat N, Bondue B, Corhay JL, Moermans C, Louis R. Altered epigenetic features in circulating nucleosomes in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Clin Epigenetics 2017; 9:84. [PMID: 28824731 PMCID: PMC5558769 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-017-0383-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Accepted: 08/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive, fatal lung disorder of unknown origin with a highly variable and unpredictable clinical course. Polymorphisms and environmentally induced epigenetic variations seem to determine individual susceptibility to the development of lung fibrosis. METHODS We have studied circulating epitopes on cell-free nucleosomes (cfnucleosomes) in 50 IPF patients. We have compared untreated IPF (n = 23) with IPF receiving antifibrotic therapy (n = 27) and healthy subjects (HS) (n = 27). We analyzed serum levels of five cfnucleosomes including bound HMGB1 (nucleosomes adducted to high-mobility growth protein B1), mH2A1.1 (nucleosomes containing the histone variant mH2A1.1), 5mC (nucleosomes associated with methylated DNA), and H3K9Ac and H3K27Ac (nucleosomes associated with histone H3 acetylated at lysine 9 or 27 residue). RESULTS Our findings showed that serum levels of bound HMGB1, mH2A1.1, 5mC, H3K9Ac, and H3K27Ac were significantly lower in IPF patients than in HS (p < 0.001, p < 0.001, p < 0.01, p < 0.001, and p < 0.0001, respectively). Moreover, we found differences in epigenetic profiles between untreated IPF patients and those receiving anti-fibrotic therapy with mH2A1.1 and 5mC being significantly lower in untreated than in treated patients (p < 0.01 and p < 0.05, respectively). Combination of four cfnucleosomes (HMGB1, 5mC, H3K9Ac, and H3K27Ac) allow to discriminate IPF vs HS with a good coefficient of determination (R2 = 0.681). The AUC for the ROC curve computed by this logistic regression was 0.93 (p < 0.001) with 91% sensitivity at 80% specificity. CONCLUSION Our observations showed that cfnucleosomes (bound HMGB1, mH2A1.1, 5mC, H3K9Ac, and H3K27Ac) might have potential as biomarkers for diagnosis and treatment response. These results deserve further validation in longitudinal cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Guiot
- Pneumology Department, CHU Liège, Domaine universitaire du Sart-Tilman B35, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - I Struman
- Molecular Angiogenesis Laboratory, GIGA R, University of Liège, B34, 1 avenue de l hospital Sart-Tilman, Liège, Belgium
| | - V Chavez
- Department of Clinical Hematology, CHU Sart Tilman, Liège, Belgium
| | - M Henket
- Pneumology Department, CHU Liège, Domaine universitaire du Sart-Tilman B35, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - M Herzog
- Belgian Volition SPRL, Rue du Seminaire 20A, 5000 Namur, Belgium
| | - K Scoubeau
- Belgian Volition SPRL, Rue du Seminaire 20A, 5000 Namur, Belgium
| | - N Hardat
- Belgian Volition SPRL, Rue du Seminaire 20A, 5000 Namur, Belgium
| | - B Bondue
- Pneumology Department, Erasme hospital, université libre de bruxelles, Belgium Route de Lennik, 808, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | - J L Corhay
- Pneumology Department, CHU Liège, Domaine universitaire du Sart-Tilman B35, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - C Moermans
- Pneumology Department, CHU Liège, Domaine universitaire du Sart-Tilman B35, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - R Louis
- Pneumology Department, CHU Liège, Domaine universitaire du Sart-Tilman B35, 4000 Liège, Belgium
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Airway microbiota signals anabolic and catabolic remodeling in the transplanted lung. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2017; 141:718-729.e7. [PMID: 28729000 PMCID: PMC5792246 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2017.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2016] [Revised: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 06/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Homeostatic turnover of the extracellular matrix conditions the structure and function of the healthy lung. In lung transplantation, long-term management remains limited by chronic lung allograft dysfunction, an umbrella term used for a heterogeneous entity ultimately associated with pathological airway and/or parenchyma remodeling. OBJECTIVE This study assessed whether the local cross-talk between the pulmonary microbiota and host cells is a key determinant in the control of lower airway remodeling posttransplantation. METHODS Microbiota DNA and host total RNA were isolated from 189 bronchoalveolar lavages obtained from 116 patients post lung transplantation. Expression of a set of 11 genes encoding either matrix components or factors involved in matrix synthesis or degradation (anabolic and catabolic remodeling, respectively) was quantified by real-time quantitative PCR. Microbiota composition was characterized using 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing and culture. RESULTS We identified 4 host gene expression profiles, among which catabolic remodeling, associated with high expression of metallopeptidase-7, -9, and -12, diverged from anabolic remodeling linked to maximal thrombospondin and platelet-derived growth factor D expression. While catabolic remodeling aligned with a microbiota dominated by proinflammatory bacteria (eg, Staphylococcus, Pseudomonas, and Corynebacterium), anabolic remodeling was linked to typical members of the healthy steady state (eg, Prevotella, Streptococcus, and Veillonella). Mechanistic assays provided direct evidence that these bacteria can impact host macrophage-fibroblast activation and matrix deposition. CONCLUSIONS Host-microbes interplay potentially determines remodeling activities in the transplanted lung, highlighting new therapeutic opportunities to ultimately improve long-term lung transplant outcome.
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Guiot J, Moermans C, Henket M, Corhay JL, Louis R. Blood Biomarkers in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. Lung 2017; 195:273-280. [PMID: 28353114 PMCID: PMC5437192 DOI: 10.1007/s00408-017-9993-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive and lethal lung disease of unknown origin whose incidence has been increasing over the latest decade partly as a consequence of population ageing. New anti-fibrotic therapy including pirfenidone and nintedanib have now proven efficacy in slowing down the disease. Nevertheless, diagnosis and follow-up of IPF remain challenging. METHODS This review examines the recent literature on potentially useful blood molecular and cellular biomarkers in IPF. Most of the proposed biomarkers belong to chemokines (IL-8, CCL18), proteases (MMP-1 and MMP-7), and growth factors (IGBPs) families. Circulating T cells and fibrocytes have also gained recent interest in that respect. Up to now, though several interesting candidates are profiling there has not been a single biomarker, which proved to be specific of the disease and predictive of the evolution (decline of pulmonary function test values, risk of acute exacerbation or mortality). CONCLUSION Large scale multicentric studies are eagerly needed to confirm the utility of these biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Guiot
- Pneumology Department, CHU Liège, Domaine universitaire du Sart-Tilman, B35, B4000, Liège, Belgium.
| | - Catherine Moermans
- Pneumology Department, CHU Liège, Domaine universitaire du Sart-Tilman, B35, B4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - Monique Henket
- Pneumology Department, CHU Liège, Domaine universitaire du Sart-Tilman, B35, B4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - Jean-Louis Corhay
- Pneumology Department, CHU Liège, Domaine universitaire du Sart-Tilman, B35, B4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - Renaud Louis
- Pneumology Department, CHU Liège, Domaine universitaire du Sart-Tilman, B35, B4000, Liège, Belgium
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Guiot J, Henket M, Corhay JL, Moermans C, Louis R. Sputum biomarkers in IPF: Evidence for raised gene expression and protein level of IGFBP-2, IL-8 and MMP-7. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0171344. [PMID: 28178340 PMCID: PMC5298342 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0171344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2016] [Accepted: 01/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a rare lung disease of unknown origin leading rapidly to death. This paper addresses the issue of whether sputum induction is a suitable tool to study respiratory tract inflammation and potential biomarkers in IPF compared to COPD, a fibrosing airway wall disease. METHODS In a cross-sectional analysis, 15 IPF patients, 32 COPD and 30 healthy subjects underwent sputum induction. Total sputum cell counts and the amount of TGF- β, IGF-1, IGF-2, IGFBP-1, IGFBP-2, IGFBP-3, IL-8, IL-13, MMP-7, MMP-9, YKL-40, TNF-α and KL-6 in sputum supernatant were analysed. We also profiled gene expression of cells in the induced sputum for TGF-β, MMP-7, YKL-40, IGFBP-2, IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α. RESULTS IPF patients, like COPD, had increased sputum absolute number of neutrophils, eosinophils, macrophages and epithelial cells compared to HS. IPF sputum supernatants had increased concentrations of IGFBP-2, IL-8, TGF-β, MMP-7, MMP-9 and KL-6 (p<0.05, p<0.0001, p<0.05, p<0.05, p<0.0001, p<0.05 respectively) when compared to healthy subjects where COPD had higher IL-6 and TNF-α levels than IPF (p<0.05 and p<0.05 respectively) and HS (p<0.0001 and p<0.001 respectively) and higher IL-8 and MMP-9 than HS (p<0.0001 and p<0.001 respectively). Conversely to IL-6 and TNF-α, MMP-7 was increased in IPF compared to COPD (p<0.05). The KL-6 and MMP-7 protein levels in sputum were inversely correlated with total lung capacity (TLC, % of predicted) in IPF patients (r = -0.73 and r = -0.53 respectively). Sputum gene expression analysis identified a significant increase for IGFBP-2, IL-6, IL-8 and MMP-7 in IPF compared to HS (p<0.05, p<0.01, p<0.05 and p<0.0001 respectively) and for IGFBP-2, YKL-40, IL-6, IL-8 and MMP-7 compared to COPD (p<0.01, p<0.01, p<0.05, p<0.01 and p<0.0001 respectively). Furthermore, gene expression of TGF-β was increased in IPF compared to COPD (p<0.001) but not to HS. CONCLUSION Our data show clear increase in expression and production of IGFBP-2, IL-8 and MMP-7 in sputum from patients with IPF that may contribute to the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Guiot
- Pneumology Department, CHU Liège, Liège, Belgium, CHU Liège, Pneumology Department, Domaine universitaire du Sart-Tilman, Liège, Belgium
- * E-mail:
| | - M. Henket
- Pneumology Department, CHU Liège, Liège, Belgium, CHU Liège, Pneumology Department, Domaine universitaire du Sart-Tilman, Liège, Belgium
| | - J. L. Corhay
- Pneumology Department, CHU Liège, Liège, Belgium, CHU Liège, Pneumology Department, Domaine universitaire du Sart-Tilman, Liège, Belgium
| | - C. Moermans
- Pneumology Department, CHU Liège, Liège, Belgium, CHU Liège, Pneumology Department, Domaine universitaire du Sart-Tilman, Liège, Belgium
| | - R. Louis
- Pneumology Department, CHU Liège, Liège, Belgium, CHU Liège, Pneumology Department, Domaine universitaire du Sart-Tilman, Liège, Belgium
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