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Howlett P, Gan J, Lesosky M, Feary J. Relationship between cumulative silica exposure and silicosis: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis. Thorax 2024; 79:934-942. [PMID: 39107111 DOI: 10.1136/thorax-2024-221447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Silicosis, a chronic respiratory disease caused by crystalline silica exposure, is a persistent global lung health issue. No systematic review of the relationship between cumulative respirable crystalline silica (RCS) exposure and silicosis exists. UK exposure limits are currently under review. We therefore performed a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of this relationship. METHODS Web of Science, Medline and Embase were searched on 24 February 2023. Studies of radiographic, autopsy or death certificate silicosis, with an estimated average follow-up of over 20 years since first employment, were included. Cumulative silicosis risk methods were compared. The relative risks (RR) of silicosis at increasing cumulative exposures were calculated and used to estimate the absolute risk reduction (ARR). RESULTS Eight eligible studies, including 10 cohorts, contributed 8792 cases of silicosis among 65 977 participants. Substantial differences in cumulative risk estimates between methodologies exist. Using the same method, we observed higher cumulative silicosis risks among mining compared with non-mining cohorts. A reduction from 4 to 2 mg/m³-years in cumulative RCS exposure corresponded to substantial risk reductions among miners (RR 0.23 (95% CI 0.18 to 0.29, I2=92.9%) with an ARR of 323 (95% CI 298 to 344) per 1000) and non-miners (RR 0.55 (95% CI 0.36 to 0.83, I2=77.0%) with an ARR of 23 (95% CI 9 to 33) per 1000). CONCLUSION Despite significant heterogeneity, our findings support a reduction in permissible exposure limits from 0.1 mg/m3 to 0.05 mg/m³, particularly among mining populations. Further research is needed among non-miners as only two studies were eligible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Howlett
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Jeffrey Gan
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Maia Lesosky
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Johanna Feary
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Occupational Lung Disease, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, UK
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2
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Barber C. Artificial stone silicosis arrives in the UK: a tragic case of history repeating. Thorax 2024; 79:895-896. [PMID: 39107112 DOI: 10.1136/thorax-2024-221806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/09/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Barber
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK
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3
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Sousa S, Carvalho C, Santos S, Alves CM, Gonçalves G, Almeida Á, Duarte R. Is it worth screening quarry workers for TB infection in high-incidence areas? A cost-benefit analysis. Respir Med 2024; 234:107807. [PMID: 39271084 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2024.107807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2024] [Revised: 09/06/2024] [Accepted: 09/10/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tuberculosis (TB) infection screening of high-risk groups is an important strategy for achieving End TB targets. A TB infection screening program was implemented for quarry workers from a Portuguese high-incidence area in 2018-2022. We aimed to calculate the cost-benefit of the screening program from the societal perspective. METHODS We calculated medical and non-medical direct and indirect screening costs and compared them with the cost savings from averted cases of TB disease. We estimated the number of potentially averted TB disease cases based on the risk of progression of TB infection to TB disease found in the literature. RESULTS During the screening program, 997 workers were screened. TB infection was diagnosed in 215 workers, 150 of those initiated preventive treatment. Screening program total costs were €136,295. Twenty-nine TB cases were potentially prevented, what would have costed €152,386. Savings of €16,091 were obtained (€4516, €40898, and -€29322 from the workers, employers, and NHS, respectively). CONCLUSIONS The monetary benefit of a TB infection screening program directed to quarry workers in a high-incidence area was greater than its cost. Companies and workers saved substantially more money. TB infection tests that are better predictors of progression to TB disease could reduce NHS costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Sousa
- ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; Estudo das Populações, ICBAS, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Carlos Carvalho
- ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Sofia Santos
- Laboratório do CDP - Centro de Diagnóstico Pneumológico do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Catarina Magalhães Alves
- ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; ISAVE - Instituto Superior, Amares, Portugal
| | - Guilherme Gonçalves
- Public Health Unit, Unidade Local de Saúde do Médio Ave, Vila Nova de Famalicão, Portugal
| | - Álvaro Almeida
- CEF.UP - Center for Economics and Finance at the University of Porto and Faculdade de Economia, Universidade do Porto, Portugal
| | - Raquel Duarte
- Estudo das Populações, ICBAS, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; INSA - Instituto Nacional De Saúde Dr. Ricardo Jorge, Porto, Portugal
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Liu K, Sun X, Hu WJ, Mei LY, Zhang HD, Su SB, Ning K, Nie YF, Qiu LP, Xia Y, Han L, Zhi Q, Shi CB, Wang G, Wen W, Gao JQ, Yu B, Wang X, Dong YW, Kang N, Han F, Bian HY, Chen YQ, Ye M. Occupational Exposure to Silica Dust and Silicosis Risk in Chinese Noncoal Mines: Qualitative and Quantitative Risk Assessment. JMIR Public Health Surveill 2024; 10:e56283. [PMID: 39222341 PMCID: PMC11406111 DOI: 10.2196/56283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite increasing awareness, silica dust-induced silicosis still contributes to the huge disease burden in China. Worryingly, recent silica dust exposure levels and silicosis risk in Chinese noncoal mines remain unclear. OBJECTIVE We aimed to determine recent silica dust exposure levels and assess the risk of silicosis in Chinese noncoal mines. METHODS Between May and December 2020, we conducted a retrospective cohort study on 3 noncoal mines and 1 public hospital to establish, using multivariable Cox regression analyses, prediction formulas of the silicosis cumulative hazard ratio (H) and incidence (I) and a cross-sectional study on 155 noncoal mines in 10 Chinese provinces to determine the prevalence of silica dust exposure (PDE), free silica content, and total dust and respirable dust concentrations. The qualitative risk of silicosis was assessed using the International Mining and Metals Commission's risk-rating table and the occupational hazard risk index; the quantitative risk was assessed using prediction formulas. RESULTS Kaplan-Meier survival analysis revealed significant differences in the silicosis probability between silica dust-exposed male and female miners (log-rank test χ21=7.52, P=.01). A total of 126 noncoal mines, with 29,835 miners and 4623 dust samples, were included; 13,037 (43.7%) miners were exposed to silica dust, of which 12,952 (99.3%) were male. The median PDE, free silica content, total dust concentration, and respirable dust concentration were 61.6%, 27.6%, 1.30 mg/m3, and 0.58 mg/m3, respectively, indicating that miners in nonmetal, nonferrous metal, small, and open-pit mines suffer high-level exposure to silica dust. Comprehensive qualitative risk assessment showed noncoal miners had a medium risk of silicosis, and the risks caused by total silica dust and respirable silica dust exposure were high and medium, respectively. When predicting H and I over the next 10, 20, and 30 years, we assumed that the miner gender was male. Under exposure to current total silica dust concentrations, median I10, I20, and I30 would be 6.8%, 25.1%, and 49.9%, respectively. Under exposure to current respirable silica dust concentrations, median I10, I20, and I30 would be 6.8%, 27.7%, and 57.4%, respectively. These findings showed that miners in nonmetal, nonferrous metal, small, and open-pit mines have a higher I and higher qualitative silicosis risk. CONCLUSIONS Chinese noncoal miners, especially those in nonmetal, nonferrous metal, small, and open-pit mines, still suffer high-level exposure to silica dust and a medium-level risk of silicosis. Data of both total silica dust and respirable silica dust are vital for occupational health risk assessment in order to devise effective control measures to reduce noncoal mine silica dust levels, improve miners' working environment, and reduce the risk of silicosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Liu
- National Institute for Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Sun
- National Institute for Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Wei-Jiang Hu
- National Institute for Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Liang-Ying Mei
- Institute of Occupational Disease Prevention, Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan, China
| | - Heng-Dong Zhang
- Institute of Occupational Disease Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, China
| | - Shi-Biao Su
- Institute of Occupational Health Assessment, Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kang Ning
- Institute of Occupational Disease Prevention, Liaoning Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenyang, China
| | - Yun-Feng Nie
- Department of Health Risk Assessment, Hunan Prevention and Treatment Institute for Occupational Diseases, Changsha, China
| | - Le-Ping Qiu
- Institute of Occupational Health and Radiological Health, Sichuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu, China
| | - Ying Xia
- Institute of Occupational Disease Prevention, Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan, China
| | - Lei Han
- Institute of Occupational Disease Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, China
| | - Qiang Zhi
- Department of Occupational Disease Prevention and Control, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hohhot, China
| | - Chun-Bo Shi
- Institute of Occupational Health and Public Health, Qinghai Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xining, China
| | - Geng Wang
- Institute of Occupational Health and Public Health, Qinghai Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xining, China
| | - Wei Wen
- Institute of Occupational Health Assessment, Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian-Qiong Gao
- Department of Occupational Disease Prevention and Control, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hohhot, China
| | - Bing Yu
- Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefectural Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Enshi, China
| | - Xin Wang
- National Institute for Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Yi-Wen Dong
- National Institute for Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Ning Kang
- National Institute for Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Han
- National Institute for Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Hong-Ying Bian
- National Institute for Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Yong-Qing Chen
- National Institute for Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Meng Ye
- National Institute for Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
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Ma R, Huang X, Sun D, Wang J, Xue C, Ye Q. Tetrandrine Alleviates Silica-induced Pulmonary Fibrosis Through PI3K/AKT Pathway: Network Pharmacology Investigation and Experimental Validation. Inflammation 2024; 47:1109-1126. [PMID: 38265677 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-023-01964-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Tetrandrine (TET) is a bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid derived from Stephania tetrandra S. Moor, known for its potential use in attenuating the progression of silicosis. However, the precise effects and underlying mechanisms of TET remain controversial. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the pharmacological mechanism of TET using a network pharmacology approach, while also evaluating its effect on silica-induced lung fibrosis in mice and TGF-β1-stimulated pulmonary fibroblasts in vitro. We employed network pharmacology to unravel the biological mechanisms through which TET may exert its therapeutic effects on pulmonary fibrosis and silicosis. In a silica-induced mouse model of lung fibrosis, TET was administered orally either during the early or late stage of fibrotic progression. Additionally, we examined the effects of TET on fibroblasts stimulated by TGF-β1 in vitro. Through the analysis, we identified a total of 101 targets of TET, 7,851 genes associated with pulmonary fibrosis, and 80 overlapping genes. These genes were primarily associated with key pathways such as epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance, the vascular endothelial growth factor signaling pathway, and the phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K)-protein kinase B (PKB or AKT) signaling pathway. Furthermore, molecular docking analysis revealed the binding of TET to AKT1, the catalytic subunit of phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase, and KDR. In vivo experiments demonstrated that TET significantly alleviated silica-induced pulmonary fibrosis and reduced the expression of fibrotic markers. Moreover, TET exhibited inhibitory effects on the migration, proliferation, and differentiation of TGF-β1-induced lung fibroblasts in vitro. Notably, TET mitigated silica-induced pulmonary fibrosis by suppressing the PI3K/AKT pathway. In conclusion, our findings suggest that TET possesses the ability to suppress silica-induced pulmonary fibrosis by targeting the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. These results provide valuable insights into the therapeutic potential of TET in the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis and silicosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruimin Ma
- Department of Occupational Medicine and Toxicology, Clinical Center for Interstitial Lung Diseases, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 8 Workers' Stadium South Road, Chao-Yang District, Beijing, China
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoxi Huang
- Medical Research Center, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Di Sun
- Department of Occupational Medicine and Toxicology, Clinical Center for Interstitial Lung Diseases, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 8 Workers' Stadium South Road, Chao-Yang District, Beijing, China
| | - Jingwei Wang
- Department of Occupational Medicine and Toxicology, Clinical Center for Interstitial Lung Diseases, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 8 Workers' Stadium South Road, Chao-Yang District, Beijing, China
| | - Changjiang Xue
- Department of Occupational Medicine and Toxicology, Clinical Center for Interstitial Lung Diseases, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 8 Workers' Stadium South Road, Chao-Yang District, Beijing, China
| | - Qiao Ye
- Department of Occupational Medicine and Toxicology, Clinical Center for Interstitial Lung Diseases, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 8 Workers' Stadium South Road, Chao-Yang District, Beijing, China.
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6
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Rupani MP, Nimavat P, Patel Y, Shah HD, Sau A. Framework for implementing collaborative TB-silicosis activities in India: insights from an expert panel. Arch Public Health 2024; 82:91. [PMID: 38890764 PMCID: PMC11184817 DOI: 10.1186/s13690-024-01325-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) treatment is more challenging for patients with silicosis, as it complicates the diagnosis of both diseases and increases mortality risk. Silicosis, an incurable occupational disease, confounds the diagnosis of TB and vice versa, making it more difficult to accurately identify and treat either condition. Moreover, TB appears to accelerate the progression of silicosis. Exposure to silica dust, a common cause of silicosis, can also trigger latent TB to become active TB. This correspondence outlines a proposed framework for implementing collaborative TB-silicosis activities in India, aimed at improving early diagnosis and management for both diseases. An expert panel of medical professionals developed this framework through online consultations in October and November 2022. The panel's goal was to establish a consensus on integrating TB-silicosis activities, with a focus on early detection and proper management. The framework suggests testing all patients with silicosis for active TB and screening workers exposed to silica dust for latent TB infection. It also recommends that patients with TB who have a history of occupational exposure to silica dust should be tested for silicosis. Reliable diagnostic tools, such as chest X-rays, are emphasized, providing guidance on their use for both diseases. The proposed collaborative TB-silicosis framework offers a structured approach to identifying and managing these two diseases, contributing to the global goal of eliminating silicosis by 2030 and aligning with the World Health Organization's targets for reducing TB incidence and mortality. It recommends specific strategies for implementation, including testing, referral systems, and workplace-based interventions. The framework also underscores the need for coordinated efforts among stakeholders, including the ministries of health, labor, industry, and environment. This correspondence provides valuable insights into how India can successfully implement collaborative TB-silicosis activities, serving as a model for other regions with similar challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihir P Rupani
- Clinical Epidemiology (Division of Health Sciences), ICMR - National Institute of Occupational Health (NIOH), Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), Meghaninagar, Ahmedabad City, Gujarat, 380016, India.
| | - Pankaj Nimavat
- State Tuberculosis Training and Demonstration Center (STDC), Civil Hospital, Asarwa, Ahmedabad City, Gujarat, 380016, India
| | - Yogesh Patel
- John Snow India (JSI) Private Limited, New Delhi, 110070, India
| | - Harsh D Shah
- Indian Institute of Public Health (IIPH), Palaj Village, Gandhinagar, 382042, Gujarat, India
| | - Arkaprabha Sau
- Deputy Director (Medical), Regional Labour Institute, Directorate General Factory Advice Service & Labour Institutes, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, 208005, India
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7
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Zhang F, Yue H, Dong R, He J, Zhou L, Dou X, Wang L, Zheng P, Mao Z, Zhu X, Wang Y, Liu H, Zhang H. Trigonelline hydrochloride attenuates silica-induced pulmonary fibrosis by orchestrating fibroblast to myofibroblast differentiation. Respir Res 2024; 25:242. [PMID: 38877465 PMCID: PMC11179236 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-024-02876-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Silicosis represents a paramount occupational health hazard globally, with its incidence, morbidity, and mortality on an upward trajectory, posing substantial clinical dilemmas due to limited effective treatment options available. Trigonelline (Trig), a plant alkaloid extracted mainly from coffee and fenugreek, have diverse biological properties such as protecting dermal fibroblasts against ultraviolet radiation and has the potential to inhibit collagen synthesis. However, it's unclear whether Trig inhibits fibroblast activation to attenuate silicosis-induced pulmonary fibrosis is unclear. METHODS To evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of Trig in the context of silicosis-related pulmonary fibrosis, a mouse model of silicosis was utilized. The investigation seeks to elucidated Trig's impact on the progression of silica-induced pulmonary fibrosis by evaluating protein expression, mRNA levels and employing Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E), Masson's trichrome, and Sirius Red staining. Subsequently, we explored the mechanism underlying of its functions. RESULTS In vivo experiment, Trig has been demonstrated the significant efficacy in mitigating SiO2-induced silicosis and BLM-induced pulmonary fibrosis, as evidenced by improved histochemical staining and reduced fibrotic marker expressions. Additionally, we showed that the differentiation of fibroblast to myofibroblast was imped in Trig + SiO2 group. In terms of mechanism, we obtained in vitro evidence that Trig inhibited fibroblast-to-myofibroblast differentiation by repressing TGF-β/Smad signaling according to the in vitro evidence. Notably, our finding indicated that Trig seemed to be safe in mice and fibroblasts. CONCLUSION In summary, Trig attenuated the severity of silicosis-related pulmonary fibrosis by alleviating the differentiation of myofibroblasts, indicating the development of novel therapeutic approaches for silicosis fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengqin Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Huihui Yue
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Ruihan Dong
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Jianhan He
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Ling Zhou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Xinran Dou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Lingling Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Pengdou Zheng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Zhenyu Mao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China.
| | - Huiguo Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China.
| | - Huilan Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China.
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8
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Yang T, Pan Q, Yue R, Liu G, Zhou Y. Daphnetin alleviates silica-induced pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis by regulating the PI3K/AKT1 signaling pathway in mice. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 133:112004. [PMID: 38613881 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
Silicosis is a hazardous occupational disease caused by inhalation of silica, characterized by persistent lung inflammation that leads to fibrosis and subsequent lung dysfunction. Moreover, the complex pathophysiology of silicosis, the challenges associated with early detection, and the unfavorable prognosis contribute to the limited availability of treatment options. Daphnetin (DAP), a natural lactone, has demonstrated various pharmacological properties, including anti-inflammatory, anti-fibrotic, and pulmonary protective effects. However, the effects of DAP on silicosis and its molecular mechanisms remain uncover. This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effects of DAP against pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis using a silica-induced silicosis mouse model, and investigate the potential mechanisms and targets through network pharmacology, proteomics, molecular docking, and cellular thermal shift assay (CETSA). Here, we found that DAP significantly alleviated silica-induced lung injury in mice with silicosis. The results of H&E staining, Masson staining, and Sirius red staining indicated that DAP effectively reduced the inflammatory response and collagen deposition over a 28-day period following lung exposure to silica. Furthermore, DAP reduced the number of TUNEL-positive cells, increased the expression levels of Bcl-2, and decreased the expression of Bax and cleaved caspase-3 in the mice with silicosis. More importantly, DAP suppressed the expression levels of NLRP3 signaling pathway-related proteins, including NLRP3, ASC, and cleaved caspase-1, thereby inhibiting silica-induced lung inflammation. Further studies demonstrated that DAP possesses the ability to inhibit the epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) induced by silica through the inhibition of the TGF-β1/Smad2/3 signaling pathway. The experimental results of proteomic analysis found that the PI3K/AKT1 signaling pathway was the key targets of DAP to alleviate lung injury induced by silica. DAP significantly inhibited the activation of the PI3K/AKT1 signaling pathway induced by silica in lung tissues. The conclusion was also verified by the results of molecular and CETSA. To further verify this conclusion, the activity of PI3K/AKT1 signaling pathway was inhibited in A549 cells using LY294002. When the A549 cells were pretreated with LY294002, the protective effect of DAP on silica-induced injury was lost. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest that DAP alleviates pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis induced by silica by modulating the PI3K/AKT1 signaling pathway, and holds promise as a potentially effective treatment for silicosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianye Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China; State Key Laboratory of Integration and Innovation of Classic Formula and Modern Chinese Medicine, Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co. LTD., Linyi 276005, China.
| | - Qian Pan
- Department of Space Physics, Electronic Information School, Hubei Luojia Laboratory, Wuhan University, 430072 Wuhan, China
| | - Rujing Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Integration and Innovation of Classic Formula and Modern Chinese Medicine, Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co. LTD., Linyi 276005, China
| | - Guanghui Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated People's Hospital (Fujian Provincial People's Hospital), Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350004, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China; State Key Laboratory of Integration and Innovation of Classic Formula and Modern Chinese Medicine, Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co. LTD., Linyi 276005, China
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9
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Murgia N, Akgun M, Blanc PD, Costa JT, Moitra S, Muñoz X, Toren K, Ferreira AJ. Issue 3-The occupational burden of respiratory diseases, an update. Pulmonology 2024:S2531-0437(24)00045-X. [PMID: 38704309 DOI: 10.1016/j.pulmoe.2024.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND AIMS Workplace exposures are widely known to cause specific occupational diseases such as silicosis and asbestosis, but they also can contribute substantially to causation of common respiratory diseases. In 2019, the American Thoracic Society (ATS) and the European Respiratory Society (ERS) published a joint statement on the occupational burden of respiratory diseases. Our aim on this narrative review is to summarise the most recent evidence published after the ATS/ERS statement as well as to provide information on traditional occupational lung diseases that can be useful for clinicians and researchers. RESULTS Newer publications confirm the findings of the ATS/ERS statement on the role of workplace exposure in contributing to the aetiology of the respiratory diseases considered in this review (asthma, COPD, chronic bronchitis, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, hypersensitivity pneumonitis, infectious pneumonia). Except for COPD, chronic bronchitis and infectious pneumonia, the number of publications in the last 5 years for the other diseases is limited. For traditional occupational lung diseases such as silicosis and asbestosis, there are old as well as novel sources of exposure and their burden continues to be relevant, especially in developing countries. CONCLUSIONS Occupational exposure remains an important risk factor for airways and interstitial lung diseases, causing occupational lung diseases and contributing substantially in the aetiology of common respiratory diseases. This information is critical for public health professionals formulating effective preventive strategies but also for clinicians in patient care. Effective action requires shared knowledge among clinicians, researchers, public health professionals, and policy makers.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Murgia
- Department of Environmental and Prevention Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.
| | - M Akgun
- Department of Chest Diseases, School of Medicine, Ağrı İbrahim Çeçen University, Ağrı, Turkey
| | - P D Blanc
- Division of Occupational, Environmental, and Climate Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, California, USA
| | - J T Costa
- Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João (CHUSJ), Porto, Portugal
| | - S Moitra
- Alberta Respiratory Centre and Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - X Muñoz
- Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - K Toren
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - A J Ferreira
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra. Coimbra, Portugal
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Huang X, Liang R, Liu Y, Yu L, Yang M, Shang B, Zhang H, Ma J, Chen W, Wang D. Incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years due to silicosis worldwide, 1990-2019: evidence from the global burden of disease study 2019. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:36910-36924. [PMID: 38758446 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-33701-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Silicosis is an occupational lung disease because of exposure to silica dust in the workplace. Evidence on the spatiotemporal change of silicosis burden worldwide remains limited. This study utilized data extracted from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 to examine the numbers and age-standardized rates of incidence (ASIR), mortality (ASMR), and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) caused by silicosis between 1990 and 2019. Average annual percentage changes (AAPCs) were calculated to evaluate the temporal trends of age-standardized indicators by sex, region, and socio-demographic index (SDI) since 1990. Results indicated an increase in new silicosis cases globally, rising by 64.61% from 84,426 in 1990 to 138,971 in 2019, with a sustained high number of DALYs attributed to this disease. Although the global age-standardized rates of incidence, mortality, and DALYs of silicosis have decreased since 1990, the number of new cases has increased in 168 countries and territories, and the ASIR of silicosis has also risen in 118 countries and territories, primarily in developing countries. Since 1990, the burden of silicosis among the elderly has significantly increased. Countries with higher SDI experienced a more rapid decline in the silicosis burden. Silicosis remains a public health problem that requires significant attention. Programs for prevention and elimination of this public health issue need to be established in more countries and territories. Protecting young workers from silica dust exposure is crucial to prevent the onset of silicosis in their later years and to reduce the disease burden among older workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuezan Huang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Ruyi Liang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Linling Yu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Meng Yang
- Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430000, China
| | - Bingxin Shang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Haozhe Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Jixuan Ma
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Weihong Chen
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Dongming Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China.
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
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Tumusime R, Miller MS, Niyigena A, Dusabeyezu S, Uwitonze P, Harerimana E, Umugiraneza G, Dusingizimana W, Hatfield S, Savarimuthu S, Lawrence J, Hagenimana P, Ngenzi JMV, Murara A, Mwiseneza P, Sonenthal P, Cubaka VK, Kateera F, Kamali I. Implementation and Cost Analysis of a Novel Silicosis Case-Finding Program For Mine Workers in Rural Rwanda. GLOBAL HEALTH, SCIENCE AND PRACTICE 2024; 12:e2300290. [PMID: 38485283 PMCID: PMC11057793 DOI: 10.9745/ghsp-d-23-00290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Little is known about the burden of silicosis in Africa, despite extensive mining and construction operations in the region putting numerous people at risk. The implementation experience and costs of case-finding for occupational lung disease in resource-limited settings are also currently unknown. We describe the first-ever silicosis case-finding project in rural Rwanda using chest X-ray, symptom questionnaires, and spirometry. This was coupled with routine noncommunicable disease case-finding for diabetes and hypertension. We performed an ingredient-based analysis of the costs of all case-finding activities. In 2022, over 25 days, 1,032 mine workers were included in the program, of which 1,014 (98.3%) completed silicosis case-finding activities. The total cost of the program was estimated to be US$38,656, representing a cost of US$37.49 per person. We conclude that conducting large-scale occupational lung disease case-finding is clinically and economically feasible in resource-limited settings and can be effectively integrated with routine noncommunicable disease case-finding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Tumusime
- Partners In Health-Rwanda/Inshuti Mu Buzima, Rwinkwavu, Rwanda
| | - Michael S Miller
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Anne Niyigena
- Partners In Health-Rwanda/Inshuti Mu Buzima, Rwinkwavu, Rwanda
| | | | | | | | | | - Wellars Dusingizimana
- Ministry of Health of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda
- Rwinkwavu District Hospital, Kayonza, Rwanda
| | - Samuel Hatfield
- Department of Medicine, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Juliana Lawrence
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Phoebe Mwiseneza
- Ministry of Health of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda
- Rwinkwavu District Hospital, Kayonza, Rwanda
| | - Paul Sonenthal
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Partners In Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | - Innocent Kamali
- Partners In Health-Rwanda/Inshuti Mu Buzima, Rwinkwavu, Rwanda
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12
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Seneviratne M, Shankar K, Cantrell P, Nand A. Respirable Silica Dust Exposure of Migrant Workers Informing Regulatory Intervention in Engineered Stone Fabrication. Saf Health Work 2024; 15:96-101. [PMID: 38496276 PMCID: PMC10944149 DOI: 10.1016/j.shaw.2024.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Silicosis among workers who fabricate engineered stone products in micro or small-sized enterprises (MSEs) was reported from several countries. Workplace exposure data of these workers at high risk of exposure to respirable crystalline silica (RCS) dust are limited. Methods We surveyed workers performing cutting, shaping and polishing tasks at 6 engineered stone fabricating MSEs in Sydney, Australia prior to regulatory intervention. Personal exposure to airborne RCS dust in 34 workers was measured, work practices were observed using a checklist and worker demography recorded. Results Personal respirable dust measurements showed exposures above the Australian workplace exposure standard (WES) of 0.1 mg/m3 TWA-8 hours for RCS in 85% of workers who performed dry tasks and amongst 71% using water-fed tools. Dust exposure controls were inadequate with ineffective ventilation and inappropriate respiratory protection. All 34 workers sampled were identified as overseas-born migrants, mostly from three linguistic groups. Conclusions Workplace exposure data from this survey showed that workers in engineered stone fabricating MSEs were exposed to RCS dust levels which may be associated with a high risk of developing silicosis. The survey findings were useful to inform a comprehensive regulatory intervention program involving diverse hazard communication tools and enforcing improved exposure controls. We conclude that modest occupational hygiene surveys in MSEs, with attention to workers' demographic factors can influence the effectiveness of intervention programs. Occupational health practitioners should address these potential determinants of hazardous exposures in their workplace surveys to prevent illness such as silicosis in vulnerable workers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kiran Shankar
- Chemical Analysis Branch, TestSafe Australia, Thornleigh, Australia
| | | | - Aklesh Nand
- Hygiene & Toxicology Team, SafeWork NSW, Parramatta, Australia
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13
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González Fernández C, Ros Lucas JA, Molina Molina M, Rigual Bobillo J, García Montenegro RA, Fernández González R, Jaureguiza Oriol A, Abal Arca J. Autoimmune findings in patients with silicosis in Spain. Drugs Context 2024; 13:2023-11-1. [PMID: 38440072 PMCID: PMC10911535 DOI: 10.7573/dic.2023-11-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Occupational exposure to silica is related to autoimmune diseases and features of autoimmunity, mainly autoantibodies. The study objectives were to estimate the prevalence of silicosis with associated autoimmune findings or diagnosed autoimmune diseases in Spain, and to assess the clinical and functional characteristics of affected patients. Methods This is a multicentre prospective study in patients diagnosed with silicosis. Autoantibodies analysed were antinuclear antibodies, isotypes IgA, IgM and IgG, rheumatoid factor, anticyclic citrullinated peptide, anti-Scl70, anti-Ro, and anti-LA. Pulmonary function tests were performed. Results Autoimmunity was assessed in 105 patients. Autoimmune findings were recorded in 29 (27%) patients, including antinuclear antibodies (n=21), anti-Ro (n=7), rheumatoid factor (n=5) and anti-Scl70 (n=3). Autoimmune disease was diagnosed in 16 (15%) patients, mainly rheumatoid arthritis (n=7) and systemic lupus erythematosus (n=4). Patients with silicosis and autoimmune findings had a lower mean time of exposure to silica and showed a trend toward lower values in pulmonary function tests. Conclusions Autoimmune findings and diagnosis of autoimmune diseases were frequent in patients with silicosis in Spain.
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14
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Min L, Mao Y, Lai H. Burden of silica-attributed pneumoconiosis and tracheal, bronchus & lung cancer for global and countries in the national program for the elimination of silicosis, 1990-2019: a comparative study. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:571. [PMID: 38388421 PMCID: PMC10885413 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18086-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In industries worldwide, crystalline silica is pervasive and poses risks of pneumoconiosis and respiratory malignancies, with the latter being a knowledge gap in disease burden research that this study aims to address. By integrating both diseases, we also seek to provide an in-depth depiction of the silica-attributed disease burden. METHODS Data from the Global Burden of Disease 2019 were extracted to analyze the disease burden due to silica exposure. The trends of age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) and age-standardized DALY rate (ASDR) from 1990 to 2019, as well as the age-specific number and rate of deaths and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) in 1990 and 2019, were presented using GraphPad Prism software. The average annual percentage changes (AAPCs) on ASMR and ASDR were calculated using joinpoint regression models. RESULTS The global trends of disease burden due to silica exposure from 1990 to 2019 showed a significant decrease, with AAPCs on ASMR and ASDR of -1.22 (-1.38, -1.06) and - 1.18 (-1.30, -1.05), respectively. Vietnam was an exception with an unprecedented climb in ASMR and ASDR in general over the years. The age-specific deaths and DALYs mainly peaked in the age group 60-64. In comparison to 1990, the number of deaths and DALYs became higher after 45 years old in 2019, while their rates stayed consistently lower in 2019. Males experienced an elevated age-specific burden than females. China's general age-standardized burden of pneumoconiosis and tracheal, bronchus & lung (TBL) cancer ranked at the forefront, along with the highest burden of pneumoconiosis in Chilean males and South African females, as well as the prominent burden of TBL cancer in Turkish males, Thai females, and overall Vietnamese. The age-specific burden of TBL cancer surpassed that of pneumoconiosis, and a delay was presented in the pneumoconiosis pinnacle burden compared to the TBL cancer. Besides, the burden of pneumoconiosis indicated a sluggish growth trend with advancing age. CONCLUSION Our research highlights the cruciality of continuous enhancements in occupational health legislation for countries seriously suffering from industrial silica pollution and the necessity of prioritizing preventive measures for male workers and elderly retirees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingfeng Min
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, 225009, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yiyang Mao
- Department of Occupational Health, Yangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 225001, Yangzhou, China
| | - Hanpeng Lai
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Yangzhou University, 225009, Yangzhou, China.
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15
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Roy P, Bardhan M, Roy S, Singh U, Suresh T, Anand A. Silico-tuberculosis amidst COVID-19 pandemic: global scenario and Indian perspective. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2023; 85:6083-6090. [PMID: 38098595 PMCID: PMC10718399 DOI: 10.1097/ms9.0000000000001471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Inhalation of crystalline silica-rich dust particles can result in the deadly occupational lung disorder called silicosis. The risk of contracting tuberculosis (TB) and the potential for lung cancer increase due to silicosis. This review article aims to bring to light the state of silicosis and TB scenario in the world and India for evaluating hurdles in the present and future to achieve the elimination road map and assess these conditions in the backdrop of the COVID-19 pandemic. A patient with silicosis has a 2.8-2.9 times higher risk of developing pulmonary TB and 3.7 times that of extrapulmonary TB. Incidences of missed cases when TB was misdiagnosed with silicosis due to indifferent clinical manifestations of the two in the initial stages are not uncommon. The duration of silica exposure and silicosis severity are directly related to the propensity to develop TB. As per a study, an average gap of 7.6 years has been noticed in a South African population for silico-tuberculosis to develop post-silicosis. In a study done on mine workers at Jodhpur, Rajasthan, it was seen that there is no definitive relation between patients with silicosis and the possibility of having COVID-19. There is a significant need to integrate the Silicosis control program with the TB elimination program for the government. A few steps can include assessing the workplaces, periodic monitoring of the workers' health, active case surveillance, identification of hotspots, and introducing reforms to curb the spread of dust and particulate matter from industrialised areas be taken in this regard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Roy
- Deputy Chief Inspector of Factories/ Deputy Director (Medical) and Certifying Surgeon, Directorate of Factories, Department of Labour, Government of West Bengal, West Bengal
| | - Mainak Bardhan
- Miami Cancer Institute, Baptist Health South Florida, FL, USA
| | - Shubhajeet Roy
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, King George’s Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - Utkarsh Singh
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, King George’s Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - Timil Suresh
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, King George’s Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - Ayush Anand
- BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal
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Spagnolo P, Ryerson CJ, Guler S, Feary J, Churg A, Fontenot AP, Piciucchi S, Udwadia Z, Corte TJ, Wuyts WA, Johannson KA, Cottin V. Occupational interstitial lung diseases. J Intern Med 2023; 294:798-815. [PMID: 37535448 DOI: 10.1111/joim.13707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Millions of workers are exposed to substances known to cause occupational interstitial lung diseases (ILDs), particularly in developing countries. However, the burden of the disease is likely to be underestimated due to under-recognition, under-reporting or both. The diagnosis of occupational ILD requires a high level of suspicion and a thorough occupational history, as occupational and non-occupational ILDs may be clinically, functionally and radiologically indistinguishable, leading to delayed diagnosis and inappropriate management. A potential occupational aetiology should always be considered in the differential diagnosis of ILD, as removal from the workplace exposure, with or without treatment, is a key therapeutic intervention and may lead to significant improvement. In this article, we provide an overview of the 'traditional' inorganic dust-related ILDs but also address idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and the immunologically mediated chronic beryllium disease, sarcoidosis and hypersensitivity pneumonitis, with emphasis on the importance of surveillance and prevention for reducing the burden of these conditions. To this end, health-care professionals should be specifically trained about the importance of occupational exposures as a potential cause of ILD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Spagnolo
- Respiratory, Disease Unit, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Christopher J Ryerson
- Department of Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia and Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Sabina Guler
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Johanna Feary
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, UK
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Andrew Churg
- Department of Pathology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Andrew P Fontenot
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus Aurora, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus Aurora, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Sara Piciucchi
- Department of Radiology, G.B. Morgagni Hospital/University of Bologna, Forlì, Italy
| | - Zarir Udwadia
- Hinduja Hospital and Research Center, Breach Candy Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Tamera J Corte
- NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence in Pulmonary Fibrosis, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Wim A Wuyts
- Unit for Interstitial Lung Diseases, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Kerri A Johannson
- Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Vincent Cottin
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Reference Coordinating Centre for Rare Pulmonary Diseases, Louis Pradel Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, UMR754, IVPC, Lyon, France
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Martínez-López A, Candel S, Tyrkalska SD. Animal models of silicosis: fishing for new therapeutic targets and treatments. Eur Respir Rev 2023; 32:230078. [PMID: 37558264 PMCID: PMC10424253 DOI: 10.1183/16000617.0078-2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Silicosis as an occupational lung disease has been present in our lives for centuries. Research studies have already developed and implemented many animal models to study the pathogenesis and molecular basis of the disease and enabled the search for treatments. As all experimental animal models used to date have their advantages and disadvantages, there is a continuous search for a better model, which will not only accelerate basic research, but also contribute to clinical aspects and drug development. We review here, for the first time, the main animal models developed to date to study silicosis and the unique advantages of the zebrafish model that make it an optimal complement to other models. Among the main advantages of zebrafish for modelling human diseases are its ease of husbandry, low maintenance cost, external fertilisation and development, its transparency from early life, and its amenability to chemical and genetic screening. We discuss the use of zebrafish as a model of silicosis, its similarities to other animal models and the characteristics of patients at molecular and clinical levels, and show the current state of the art of inflammatory and fibrotic zebrafish models that could be used in silicosis research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia Martínez-López
- Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB)-Pascual Parrilla, Murcia, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Sergio Candel
- Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB)-Pascual Parrilla, Murcia, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Sylwia D Tyrkalska
- Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB)-Pascual Parrilla, Murcia, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
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Wang Y, Cheng B, Lin YJ, Wang R, Xuan J, Xu HM. Preliminary Study on the Effect and Molecular Mechanism of Tetrandrine in Alleviating Pulmonary Inflammation and Fibrosis Induced by Silicon Dioxide. TOXICS 2023; 11:765. [PMID: 37755775 PMCID: PMC10536946 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11090765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to explore the molecular mechanism of tetrandrine (Tet) in alleviating pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis induced by silica (SiO2) from the perspective of autophagy. C57BL/6J mice were selected as experimental animals, and SiO2 was exposed by intranasal instillation. Tet was intervened by oral gavage. The mice were euthanized on the 7th and 42nd day of SiO2 exposure, and lung tissues were collected for histopathological, molecular biological, immunological, and transmission electron microscopy analysis. The results showed that SiO2 exposure could lead to significant lung inflammation and fibrosis, while Tet could significantly reduce SiO2 exposure-induced lung inflammation and fibrosis. Molecular mechanism research indicated that, compared with SiO2 expose group, Tet intervention could significantly reduce the expression levels of inflammatory cytokines and fibrosis markers (TNF-α, IL-1β, MCP-1, TGF-β1, HYP, Col-I, and Fn), and regulate the expression of key molecules ATG7, microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3B (LC3B), and P62 in the autophagy pathway to improve the blocking of autophagic flux, promote the recovery of autophagic lysosomal system function, and inhibit apoptosis. In summary, Tet can alleviate silica-induced lung inflammation and fibrosis, which may be achieved by regulating the expression of key molecules in the autophagy process and associated apoptotic pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wang
- School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control of Ningxia, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Bin Cheng
- School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control of Ningxia, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Yu-Jia Lin
- School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control of Ningxia, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Rui Wang
- School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control of Ningxia, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Jie Xuan
- School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
- The Fifth People’s Hospital of the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Shizuishan 753000, China
| | - Hai-Ming Xu
- School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control of Ningxia, Yinchuan 750004, China
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Wang Y, Cheng D, Li Z, Sun W, Zhou S, Peng L, Xiong H, Jia X, Li W, Han L, Liu Y, Ni C. IL33-mediated NPM1 promotes fibroblast-to-myofibroblast transition via ERK/AP-1 signaling in silica-induced pulmonary fibrosis. Toxicol Sci 2023; 195:71-86. [PMID: 37399107 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfad061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Silicosis is a global occupational pulmonary disease due to the accumulation of silica dust in the lung. Lacking effective clinical drugs makes the treatment of this disease quite challenging in clinics largely because the pathogenic mechanisms remain obscure. Interleukin 33 (IL33), a pleiotropic cytokine, could promote wound healing and tissue repair via the receptor ST2. However, the mechanisms governing the involvement of IL33 in silicosis progression remain to be further explored. Here, we demonstrated that the IL33 levels in the lung sections were significantly overexpressed after bleomycin and silica treatment. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assay, knockdown, and reverse experiments were performed in lung fibroblasts to prove gene interaction following exogenous IL33 treatment or cocultured with silica-treated lung epithelial cells. Mechanistically, we illustrated that silica-stimulated lung epithelial cells secreted IL33 and further promoted the activation, proliferation, and migration of pulmonary fibroblasts by activating the ERK/AP-1/NPM1 signaling pathway in vitro. And more, treatment with NPM1 siRNA-loaded liposomes markedly protected mice from silica-induced pulmonary fibrosis in vivo. In conclusion, the involvement of NPM1 in the progression of silicosis is regulated by the IL33/ERK/AP-1 signaling axis, which is the potential therapeutic target candidate in developing novel antifibrotic strategies for pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wang
- Department of Occupational Medical and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Demin Cheng
- Department of Occupational Medical and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Ziwei Li
- Department of Occupational Medical and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Wenqing Sun
- Department of Occupational Medical and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Siyun Zhou
- Department of Occupational Medical and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Lan Peng
- Department of Occupational Medical and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Haojie Xiong
- Department of Occupational Medical and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Xinying Jia
- Department of Occupational Medical and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Occupational Medical and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
- Institute of Occupational Disease Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing 210028, China
| | - Lei Han
- Institute of Occupational Disease Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing 210028, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Occupational Medical and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
- Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Chunhui Ni
- Department of Occupational Medical and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
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20
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Yi X, He Y, Zhang Y, Luo Q, Deng C, Tang G, Zhang J, Zhou X, Luo H. Current status, trends, and predictions in the burden of silicosis in 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2019. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1216924. [PMID: 37521973 PMCID: PMC10372342 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1216924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Silicosis, a severe lung disease caused by inhaling silica dust, predominantly affects workers in industries such as mining and construction, leading to a significant global public health challenge. The purpose of this study is to analyze the current disease burden of silicosis and to predict the development trend of silicosis in the future the world by extracting data from the GBD database. Methods We extracted and analyzed silicosis prevalence, incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) data from the Global Burden of Disease 2019 program for 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2019. The association between the Sociodemographic Index (SDI) and the burden of age-standardized rates (ASRs) of DALYs has been examined at the regional level. Jointpoint regression analysis has been also performed to evaluate global burden trends of silicosis from 1990 to 2019. Furthermore, Nordpred age-period-cohort analysis has also been projected to predict future the burden of silicosis from 2019 to 2044. Results In 2019, global ASRs for silicosis prevalence, incidence, mortality, and DALYs were 5.383, 1.650, 0.161, and 7.872%, respectively which are lower than that in 1990. The populations of 45-59 age group were more susceptible to silicosis, while those aged 80 or above suffered from higher mortality and DALY risks. In 2019, the most impacted nations by the burden of silicosis included China, the Democratic People's Republic of Korea, and Chile. From 1990 to 2019, most regions observed a declining burden of silicosis. An "M" shaped association between SDI and ASRs of DALYs for silicosis was observed from 1990 to 2019. The age-period-cohort analysis forecasted a decreasing trend of the burden of silicosis from 2019 to 2044. Conclusion Despite the overall decline in the global silicosis burden from 1990 to 2019, some regions witnessed a notable burden of this disease, emphasizing the importance of targeted interventions. Our results may provide a reference for the subsequent development of appropriate management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinglin Yi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Southwest Hospital of Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yi He
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine Department, Southwest Hospital of Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine Department, Southwest Hospital of Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qiuyue Luo
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine Department, Southwest Hospital of Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Caixia Deng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Southwest Hospital of Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Guihua Tang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Southwest Hospital of Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiongye Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Southwest Hospital of Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiangdong Zhou
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Southwest Hospital of Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hu Luo
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Southwest Hospital of Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
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21
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Rupani MP. Challenges and opportunities for silicosis prevention and control: need for a national health program on silicosis in India. J Occup Med Toxicol 2023; 18:11. [PMID: 37434229 DOI: 10.1186/s12995-023-00379-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Silicosis has been one of the most serious occupational public health problems worldwide for many decades. The global burden of silicosis is largely unknown, although it is thought to be more prevalent in low and medium-income countries. Individual studies among workers exposed to silica dust in various industries, however, reveal a high prevalence of silicosis in India. This paper is an updated review of the novel challenges and opportunities for silicosis prevention and control in India. MAIN BODY The unregulated informal sector employs workers on contractual appointment thereby insulating the employers from legislative provisions. Due to a lack of awareness of the serious health risks and low-income levels, symptomatic workers tend to disregard the symptoms and continue working in dusty environments. To prevent any future dust exposure, the workers must be moved to an alternative job in the same factory where they will not be exposed to silica dust. Government regulatory bodies, on the other hand, must guarantee that factory owners relocate workers to another vocation as soon as they exhibit signs of silicosis. Technological advances such as artificial intelligence and machine learning might assist industries in implementing effective and cost-saving dust control measures. A surveillance system needs to be established for the early detection and tracking of all patients with silicosis. A pneumoconiosis elimination program encompassing health promotion, personal protection, diagnostic criteria, preventive measures, symptomatic management, prevention of silica dust exposure, treatment, and rehabilitation is felt important for wider adoption. CONCLUSION Silica dust exposure and its consequences are fully preventable, with the benefits of prevention considerably outweighing the benefits of treating patients with silicosis. A comprehensive national health program on silicosis within the public health system would strengthen surveillance, notification, and management of workers exposed to silica dust in India.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihir P Rupani
- Clinical Epidemiology (Division of Health Sciences), ICMR - National Institute of Occupational Health (NIOH), Indian Council of Medical Research, Meghaninagar, Ahmedabad city, 380016, Gujarat, India.
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22
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Lu XX, Zhang H, Chen YM, Xiao JX. The evaluation analysis on the airborne dust regional pollution of the anchor drilling operation in the tunnel. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023:10.1007/s11356-023-28093-9. [PMID: 37336856 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-28093-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
The anchor drilling operations generate massive airborne dust particles in the tunnel heading face that raises the pneumoconiosis morbidity and explosion risk. In this paper, a full-scale tunnel physical model is constructed to study the effect of the wind velocity and drilling site position on the airborne dust regional pollution scope based on the actual anchor drilling craft. The research indicates that the four extensive vortex areas keep the dust suspension at 14 m from the heading face and make the deposition dust particle refloat. The average respirable dust rate reaches the maximum value at section 5 m and presents a gradual decline as the dust particle migrates along the outlet direction. Raising the wind velocity contributes to alleviating the airborne dust pollution in the anchor drilling operation. As the wind velocity increases from 3 to 24 m/s, the high dust concentration area and number higher than 200 mg/m3 pose overall decrease trends, and the average dust concentration displays a linear decrease until 26.14-58.65 mg/m3 around the anchor worker head. Moving the drilling site positions closer to the exhaust air duct aggravates the airborne dust pollution in the front breathing zone. As the anchor drilling operation switches from the return air side to the supply air side, the dust concentration area ascends by 59.4-84.4% in the personnel respiratory space.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Xiao Lu
- School of Emergency Management and Safety Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Resources and Safe Mining, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Hui Zhang
- School of Emergency Management and Safety Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yi-Ming Chen
- School of Emergency Management and Safety Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Jin-Xiang Xiao
- School of Emergency Management and Safety Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, China
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23
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Ban J, Zhang Q, Chang S, Qu H, Liu F. The therapeutic effect of exosomal lncRNA MSTRG.91634.7 on mitochondrial dysfunction during SiO 2-induced lung fibrosis. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 121:110508. [PMID: 37339568 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
Long-term silica (SiO2) exposure led to irreversible lung fibrosis, in which epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) played an essential role. A novel lncRNA MSTRG.91634.7 in the peripheral exosomes of silicosis patients was reported in our previous study, which could remold the pathological process of silicosis. However, whether its regulatory role on the development of silicosis was related to EMT process is unclear, and its mechanism remains to be further studied. In this study, up-regulating lncRNA MSTRG91634.7 restricted SiO2-activated EMT and restored mitochondrial homeostasis binding to PINK1 in vitro. Moreover, overexpressing PINK1 could inhibit SiO2-activated EMT in pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis in mice. Meanwhile, PINK1 contributed to restoring the SiO2-induced mitochondrial dysfunction in mice lung. Our results revealed that exosomal lncRNA MSTRG.91634.7 from macrophages could restore mitochondrial homeostasis to restrict the SiO2-activated EMT by binding to PINK1 during pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis due to SiO2 exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Ban
- School of Public Health, the Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Stress and Chronic Disease Control and Prevention, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Stress and Chronic Disease Control and Prevention, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, China
| | - Shuai Chang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Stress and Chronic Disease Control and Prevention, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, China
| | - Huiyan Qu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Stress and Chronic Disease Control and Prevention, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, China
| | - Fangwei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Stress and Chronic Disease Control and Prevention, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, China; Division of Pneumoconiosis, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
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24
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Li N, Chang M, Zhou Q, Zhang L, Wang Y, Guan Y, Li H, Zhao Y, Ding C, Hong S, Yao S. Activation of AMPK signalling by Metformin: Implication an important molecular mechanism for protecting against mice silicosis via inhibited endothelial cell-to-mesenchymal transition by regulating oxidative stress and apoptosis. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 120:110321. [PMID: 37192555 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Inhalation of silica particles (SiO2) causes oxidative stress-induced inflammation and cell apoptosis, ultimately resulting in irreversible pulmonary fibrosis, Unfortunately, effective treatment or preventative measures have yet to be fully established. Metformin (Met), a relatively safe and effective medication for treating diabetes, may hold promise as protective agent against early-stage pulmonary fibrosis in mice through the activation of autophagy and inhibition of endothelial cell to mesenchymal transition (EndoMT). Here, we investigated whether Met could reduce silicosis in mice by regulating inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis, and to identify the underlying protective effect on endothelial cells. First, through pathological observation, we found that 21 consecutive days of Met (100 mg/kg) administration is optimal against silicosis. Next, using haematoxylin-eosin and Masson's trichrome staining and immunoblotting, we found that Met effectively blunted the inflammatory response and collagen deposition at 56 days after exposure to SiO2. We also demonstrated that Met effectively activates AMPK signalling and markedly relieves oxidative stress, the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway and EndoMT induced by SiO2 exposure both in vivo and in vitro. Overall, Met can alleviate SiO2-induced pulmonary fibrosis by regulating oxidative stress and the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. The current study provides a rationale for the clinical treatment of SiO2-induced pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Li
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science of Technology, Tangshan 062310, China; School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Meiyu Chang
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science of Technology, Tangshan 062310, China
| | - Qiang Zhou
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science of Technology, Tangshan 062310, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Clinical Medical Research Center for Women and Children Diseases, Key Laboratory of Birth Defect Prevention and Genetic Medicine of Shandong Health Commission, Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Shandong Province, Jinan, China
| | - Yongheng Wang
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science of Technology, Tangshan 062310, China
| | - Yi Guan
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science of Technology, Tangshan 062310, China
| | - Haibin Li
- School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Yingzheng Zhao
- School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Chunjie Ding
- School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Shan Hong
- School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Sanqiao Yao
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science of Technology, Tangshan 062310, China; School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China.
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Rupani MP. A mixed-methods study on impact of silicosis on tuberculosis treatment outcomes and need for TB-silicosis collaborative activities in India. Sci Rep 2023; 13:2785. [PMID: 36797362 PMCID: PMC9935606 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-30012-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Globally, silicosis and tuberculosis (TB) have been targeted for elimination by 2030. The study's objectives were to determine the association of silicosis with unfavorable TB treatment outcomes, as well as to explore experts' perspectives on improving treatment outcomes among silico-tuberculosis patients. A retrospective cohort study evaluated TB treatment outcomes in Khambhat block, the western part of India, between 138 patients with silico-tuberculosis and 2610 TB patients without silicosis in February-March 2022. 'Unfavorable TB treatment outcomes' was defined as a patient stopping treatment for at least one month, a positive sputum smear at the end of treatment, or, a patient dying while on treatment. During April-July 2022, fifteen in-depth interviews with experts in the field of silicosis/tuberculosis were audio-recorded, transcribed, and analyzed to generate codes (thematic analysis). On multivariable logistic regression analysis, patients with silico-tuberculosis had a 2.3 (95% CI 1.6-3.4) times higher odds of unfavorable treatment outcomes. The experts recommended collaborative TB-silicosis activities for improving treatment outcomes of patients with silico-tuberculosis. I conclude from the study's findings that silicosis is associated with unfavorable TB treatment outcomes in this study setting. All patients with silicosis should be screened for TB and treated according to national TB program guidelines. All patients with TB who have a history of occupational dust exposure should be evaluated for silicosis and provided appropriate pulmonary/vocational rehabilitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihir P. Rupani
- grid.19096.370000 0004 1767 225XClinical Epidemiology (Division of Health Sciences), ICMR - National Institute of Occupational Health (NIOH), Indian Council of Medical Research, Meghaninagar, Ahmedabad City, Gujarat 380016 India
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26
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Căluțu IM, Smărăndescu RA, Rașcu A. Biomonitoring Exposure and Early Diagnosis in Silicosis: A Comprehensive Review of the Current Literature. Biomedicines 2022; 11:biomedicines11010100. [PMID: 36672608 PMCID: PMC9855648 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11010100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Silicosis is a particular form of lung fibrosis attributable to occupational exposure to crystalline silica. The occupational exposure to crystalline silica also increases the risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), cancer and lung infections, especially pulmonary tuberculosis. Silicosis is currently diagnosed in previously exposed workers by standard chest X-ray, when lesions are visible and irreversible. Therefore, it would be necessary to find specific and non-invasive markers that could detect silicosis in earlier stages, before the occurrence of X-ray opacities. In this narrative review, we present several diagnostic, monitoring and predictive biomarkers with high potential in the management of silicosis, such as: pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines (TNF (Tumour necrosis factor-α), IL-1 (Interleukin-1), IL-6, IL-10), CC16 (Clara cell 16, an indirect marker of epithelial cell destruction), KL-6 (Krebs von den Lungen 6, an indirect marker of alveolar epithelial damage), neopterin (indicator of cellular immunity) and MUC5B gene (Mucin 5B, a gel-forming mucin in mucus). Studies have shown that all the aforementioned markers have a high potential for early diagnosis or evaluation of progression in silicosis and represent promising alternatives to radiology. We consider that a multicentric study is needed to evaluate these biomarkers in correlation with occupational history, histopathological examination, imaging signs and pulmonary functions tests on large groups of subjects to better evaluate the accuracy of the presented biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iulia-Maria Căluțu
- Doctoral School, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Raluca-Andreea Smărăndescu
- Doctoral School, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
- Correspondence:
| | - Agripina Rașcu
- Clinical Department 5, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Colentina Clinical Hospital, 020125 Bucharest, Romania
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A rare case of silicosis with hepatitis B infection. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2022; 84:104838. [PMID: 36582874 PMCID: PMC9793119 DOI: 10.1016/j.amsu.2022.104838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Silicosis is a type of diffuse interstitial lung disease caused by inhalation of crystalline silicon dioxide. The number of silicosis cases have been rapidly increasing over the years. Complete cure is not possible so early diagnosis and prevention is required. Case presentation Our patient came with chief complaints of productive cough, breathlessness progressing to MRC grade 4 and fever. He worked in a flour mill for 15 years and has been symptomatic for the past 4-5 years. Chest examination showed tracheal deviation to the right, bilateral decreased breath sounds and fine crepitations. Chest X ray showed multiple tiny nodular opacities in all lung zones. Pulmonary function test confirmed restrictive lung disease. On CT scan, miliary mottled densities were noted bilaterally along with fibrosis in upper lobes and ground glass appearance in lower lobes. Echocardiography revealed mild pericardial effusion and Abdominal Ultrasound revealed coarse liver texture, splenomegaly and right sided pleural effusion. Patient was also Hepatitis B positive.Patient was treated with Prednisolone, Entecavir, Moxaclav along with symptomatic management. Discussion Male gender, HIV infection, Smoking, Occupation, Age at first exposure, Duration of exposure and Concentration of inhaled silica dust are the risk factors of silicosis. Individuals with Silicosis are at high risk of developing Tuberculosis and Hepatitis B infection. Pulmonary function test, HRCT and Lung biopsies help in diagnosis of Silicosis. Serological markers and Liver Function Test helps in diagnosis of Hepatitis B infection. Early diagnosis and prevention is essential for better prognosis and Lung transplant is the only definitive management. Complications like progressive fibrosis, infections, cor pulmonale and pneumothorax may result due to Silicosis. Conclusion Silicosis is a rare chronic inflammatory condition which leads to an immunosuppressed state and may predispose individuals to opportunistic conditions like Hepatitis B. Therefore, early identification of risk factors and clinical features is required.
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Chen Y, Song M, Li Z, Hou L, Zhang H, Zhang Z, Hu H, Jiang X, Yang J, Zou X, Pang J, Zhang T, Yang P, Wang J, Wang C. FcεRI deficiency alleviates silica-induced pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 244:114043. [PMID: 36087468 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.114043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Silicosis is one of the most important occupational diseases worldwide, caused by inhalation of silica particles or free crystalline silicon dioxide. As a disease with high mortality, it has no effective treatment and new therapeutic targets are urgently needed. Recent studies have identified FCER1A, encoding α-subunit of the immunoglobulin E (IgE) receptor FcεRI, as a candidate gene involved in the biological pathways leading to respiratory symptoms. FcεRI is known to be important in allergic asthma, but its role in silicosis remains unclear. In this study, serum IgE concentrations and FcεRI expression were assessed in pneumoconiosis patients and silica-exposed mice. The role of FcεRI was explored in a silica-induced mouse model using wild-type and FcεRI-deficient mice. The results showed that serum IgE concentrations were significantly elevated in both pneumoconiosis patients and mice exposed to silica compared with controls. The mRNA and protein expression of FcεRI were also significantly increased in the lung tissue of patients and silica-exposed mice. FcεRI deficiency significantly attenuated the changes in lung function caused by silica exposure. Silica-induced elevations of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α were significantly attenuated in the lung tissue and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of FcεRI-deficient mice compared with wild-type controls. Additionally, FcεRI-deficient mice showed a significantly lower score of pulmonary fibrosis than wild-type mice following exposure to silica, with significantly lower hydroxyproline content and expression of fibrotic genes Col1a1 and Fn1. Immunofluorescent staining suggested FcεRI mainly on mast cells. Mast cell degranulation took place after silica exposure, as shown by increased serum histamine levels and β-hexosaminidase activity, which were significantly reduced in FcεRI-deficient mice compared with wild-type controls. Together, these data showed that FcεRI deficiency had a significant protective effect against silica-induced pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis. Our findings provide new insights into the pathophysiological mechanisms of silica-induced pulmonary fibrosis and a potential target for the treatment of silicosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiling Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China; State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Meiyue Song
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Zhaoguo Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Lin Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China; Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Pneumoconiosis, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Huiyuan Hu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China; State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Xuehan Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Jie Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Xuan Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Junling Pang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Tiantian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Peiran Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China.
| | - Jing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China.
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China; State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China.
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