1
|
Caterino M, Recuero E. Molecular diversity of Protura in southern High Appalachian leaf litter. Biodivers Data J 2023; 11:e113342. [PMID: 38312343 PMCID: PMC10838044 DOI: 10.3897/bdj.11.e113342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The higher elevations of the southern Appalachian Mountains, U.S.A., host a rich, but little-studied fauna of Proturan hexapods. Here, we publish 117 Proturan barcode sequences from this region, estimated by automated species delimitation methods to represent 72 distinct species, whereas only nine species have previously been reported from the region. Two families, Eosentomidae and Acerentomidae, co-occur at most sampling sites, with as many as five species occurring in sympatry. Most populations exhibit very low haplotype diversity, but divergences amongst populations and amongst closely-related species are very high, a finding common to other phylogeographic studies of Proturans. Though we were unable to identify any of the barcodes to species, they form a useful, if preliminary, glimpse of southern Appalachian Proturan diversity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Caterino
- Clemson University, Clemson, United States of America Clemson University Clemson United States of America
| | - Ernesto Recuero
- Clemson University, Clemson, United States of America Clemson University Clemson United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Henriksson N, Marshall J, Högberg MN, Högberg P, Polle A, Franklin O, Näsholm T. Re-examining the evidence for the mother tree hypothesis - resource sharing among trees via ectomycorrhizal networks. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2023. [PMID: 37149889 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Seminal scientific papers positing that mycorrhizal fungal networks can distribute carbon (C) among plants have stimulated a popular narrative that overstory trees, or 'mother trees', support the growth of seedlings in this way. This narrative has far-reaching implications for our understanding of forest ecology and has been controversial in the scientific community. We review the current understanding of ectomycorrhizal C metabolism and observations on forest regeneration that make the mother tree narrative debatable. We then re-examine data and conclusions from publications that underlie the mother tree hypothesis. Isotopic labeling methods are uniquely suited for studying element fluxes through ecosystems, but the complexity of mycorrhizal symbiosis, low detection limits, and small carbon discrimination in biological processes can cause researchers to make important inferences based on miniscule shifts in isotopic abundance, which can be misleading. We conclude that evidence of a significant net C transfer via common mycorrhizal networks that benefits the recipients is still lacking. Furthermore, a role for fungi as a C pipeline between trees is difficult to reconcile with any adaptive advantages for the fungi. Finally, the hypothesis is neither supported by boreal forest regeneration patterns nor consistent with the understanding of physiological mechanisms controlling mycorrhizal symbiosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nils Henriksson
- Department of Forest Ecology and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-901 83, Umeå, Sweden
| | - John Marshall
- Department of Forest Ecology and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-901 83, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Mona N Högberg
- Department of Forest Ecology and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-901 83, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Peter Högberg
- Department of Forest Ecology and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-901 83, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Andrea Polle
- Forest Botany and Tree Physiology, Georg-August University of Göttingen, Büsgenweg 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Oskar Franklin
- Department of Forest Ecology and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-901 83, Umeå, Sweden
- International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, Schlossplatz 1, Laxenburg, A-2361, Austria
| | - Torgny Näsholm
- Department of Forest Ecology and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-901 83, Umeå, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Karmanova TN, Feoktistova NY, Tiunov AV. High δ13C values in red squirrels Sciurus vulgaris explained by a reliance on conifer seeds. ISOTOPES IN ENVIRONMENTAL AND HEALTH STUDIES 2023; 59:180-191. [PMID: 36821423 DOI: 10.1080/10256016.2023.2179045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Eurasian red squirrels Sciurus vulgaris have unusually high δ13C values compared to other forest rodents, which is seemingly related to the consumption of 13C-enriched conifer seeds. To test this hypothesis, we analyzed the hair of wild and zoo-kept red squirrels, seeds of pine and spruce, and feathers of specialized and opportunistic consumers of conifer seeds, crossbills Loxia spp., and woodpeckers Dendrocopos major. Data on the isotopic composition (δ13C and δ15N values) of hair or feathers of other species of forest rodents and birds were obtained from published studies. The range of mean δ13C values of hair of wild forest rodents (19 species) exceeded 10 ‰. All squirrel species had high 13C content, S. vulgaris having maximum δ13C values. In contrast, S. vulgaris kept in captivity had an isotopic composition similar to other captive rodents. The feathers of crossbills were enriched in 13C compared to other forest birds (15 species), while seeds of coniferous trees often had higher δ13C values compared to seeds of other woody plants. Distinctiveness of the isotopic composition of mammals and birds feeding on the seeds of coniferous trees suggests that this resource can be traced through the entire forest food web.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tatyana N Karmanova
- A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Natalia Y Feoktistova
- A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Alexei V Tiunov
- A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhou Z, Lu JZ, Preiser J, Widyastuti R, Scheu S, Potapov A. Plant roots fuel tropical soil animal communities. Ecol Lett 2023; 26:742-753. [PMID: 36857203 DOI: 10.1111/ele.14191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
Belowground life relies on plant litter, while its linkage to living roots had long been understudied, and remains unknown in the tropics. Here, we analysed the response of 30 soil animal groups to root trenching and litter removal in rainforest and plantations in Sumatra, and found that roots are similarly important to soil fauna as litter. Trenching effects were stronger in soil than in litter, with an overall decrease in animal abundance in rainforest by 42% and in plantations by 30%. Litter removal little affected animals in soil, but decreased the total abundance by 60% in rainforest and rubber plantations but not in oil palm plantations. Litter and root effects on animal group abundances were explained by body size or vertical distribution. Our study quantifies principle carbon pathways in soil food webs under tropical land use, providing the basis for mechanistic modelling and ecosystem-friendly management of tropical soils.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Zhou
- Johann Friedrich Blumenbach Institute of Zoology and Anthropology, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Jing-Zhong Lu
- Johann Friedrich Blumenbach Institute of Zoology and Anthropology, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Jooris Preiser
- Johann Friedrich Blumenbach Institute of Zoology and Anthropology, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Rahayu Widyastuti
- Department of Soil Sciences and Land Resources, Institut Pertanian Bogor (IPB), Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Stefan Scheu
- Johann Friedrich Blumenbach Institute of Zoology and Anthropology, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.,Centre of Biodiversity and Sustainable Land Use, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Anton Potapov
- Johann Friedrich Blumenbach Institute of Zoology and Anthropology, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.,German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,Faculty of Biology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zuev AG, Krivosheina MG, Leonov VD, Öpik M, Vasar M, Saraeva AK, Tiunov AV, Goncharov AA. Mycorrhiza-feeding soil invertebrates in two coniferous forests traced with 13C labelling. MYCORRHIZA 2023; 33:59-68. [PMID: 36662299 DOI: 10.1007/s00572-023-01102-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Mycorrhizal fungi represent a potentially abundant carbon resource for soil animals, but their role in soil food webs remains poorly understood. To detect taxa that are trophically linked to the extraradical mycelium of mycorrhizal fungi, we used stable isotope (13C) labelling of whole trees in combination with the in-growth mesh bag technique in two coniferous forests. This allowed us to detect the flux of carbon in the mycelium of mycorrhizal fungi, and consequently in the tissues of soil invertebrates. The mycorrhizal fungal genera constituted 93.5% of reads in mycelium samples from the in-growth mesh bags. All mycelium from in-growth mesh bags and about 32% of the invertebrates sampled (in total 11 taxa) received the 13C label after 45 days of exposure. The extent of feeding of soil invertebrates on the mycelium of mycorrhizal fungi depended on the taxonomic affinity of the animals. The strongest trophic link to the mycorrhiza-derived carbon was detected in Isotomidae (Collembola) and Oppiidae (Oribatida). The label was also observed in the generalist predators, indicating the propagation of mycorrhiza-derived carbon into the higher trophic levels of the soil food web. Higher 13C labelling in the tissues of euedaphic Collembola and Oribatida compared to atmobiotic and hemiedaphic families indicates the importance of mycorrhizal fungi as a food resource for invertebrates in deeper soil horizons.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrey G Zuev
- A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospect 33, Moscow, 119071, Russia.
| | - Marina G Krivosheina
- A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospect 33, Moscow, 119071, Russia
| | - Vladislav D Leonov
- A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospect 33, Moscow, 119071, Russia
| | - Maarja Öpik
- Department of Botany, Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, 2 J. Liivi St, Tartu, 50409, Estonia
| | - Martti Vasar
- Department of Botany, Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, 2 J. Liivi St, Tartu, 50409, Estonia
| | - Anna K Saraeva
- Forest Research Institute, Karelian Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Petrozavodsk, 185910, Russia
| | - Alexei V Tiunov
- A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospect 33, Moscow, 119071, Russia
| | - Anton A Goncharov
- A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospect 33, Moscow, 119071, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zuev AG, Akulova AY, Zueva AI. Soil Defaunation in Field Experiments with the Use of Cypermethrin and Its Effect on the Production of Mycelium of Mycorrhizal Fungi. RUSS J ECOL+ 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1067413622050125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
7
|
Chen QL, Hu HW, Zhu D, Zhu YG, He JZ. Calling for comprehensive explorations between soil invertebrates and arbuscular mycorrhizas. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 27:793-801. [PMID: 35351359 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2022.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi and soil invertebrates represent a large proportion of total soil biomass and biodiversity and are vital for plant performance, soil structure, and biogeochemical cycling. However, the role of soil invertebrates in AM fungi development remains elusive. In this opinion article, we summarize the ecological importance of AM fungi and soil invertebrates in the plant-soil continuum and highlight the effects of soil invertebrates on AM fungal hyphae development and functioning. In a context of global change, we envision that better mechanistic understanding of the complex feedback via chemical signaling pathways across the interactions between soil invertebrates and AM fungi is critical to predict their ecological consequences and will open new avenues for promoting ecosystem resilience and sustainability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Lin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Ningbo Urban Environment Observation and Research Station, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Urban Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, CAS Haixi Industrial Technology Innovation Center in Beilun, Ningbo 315830, China; Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Hang-Wei Hu
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia.
| | - Dong Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Ningbo Urban Environment Observation and Research Station, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Urban Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, CAS Haixi Industrial Technology Innovation Center in Beilun, Ningbo 315830, China
| | - Yong-Guan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Ningbo Urban Environment Observation and Research Station, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Urban Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, CAS Haixi Industrial Technology Innovation Center in Beilun, Ningbo 315830, China
| | - Ji-Zheng He
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Potapov AM. Multifunctionality of belowground food webs: resource, size and spatial energy channels. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2022; 97:1691-1711. [PMID: 35393748 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The belowground compartment of terrestrial ecosystems drives nutrient cycling, the decomposition and stabilisation of organic matter, and supports aboveground life. Belowground consumers create complex food webs that regulate functioning, ensure stability and support biodiversity both below and above ground. However, existing soil food-web reconstructions do not match recently accumulated empirical evidence and there is no comprehensive reproducible approach that accounts for the complex resource, size and spatial structure of food webs in soil. Here I build on generic food-web organisation principles and use multifunctional classification of soil protists, invertebrates and vertebrates, to reconstruct a 'multichannel' food web across size classes of soil-associated consumers. I infer weighted trophic interactions among trophic guilds using feeding preferences and prey protection traits (evolutionarily inherited traits), size and spatial distributions (niche overlaps), and biomass-dependent feeding. I then use food-web reconstruction, together with assimilation efficiencies, to calculate energy fluxes assuming a steady-state energetic system. Based on energy fluxes, I propose a number of indicators, related to stability, biodiversity and multiple ecosystem-level functions such as herbivory, top-down control, translocation and transformation of organic matter. I illustrate this approach with an empirical example, comparing it with traditional resource-focused soil food-web reconstruction. The multichannel reconstruction can be used to assess 'trophic multifunctionality' (analogous to ecosystem multifunctionality), i.e. simultaneous support of multiple trophic functions by the food web, and compare it across communities and ecosystems spanning beyond the soil. With further empirical validation of the proposed functional indicators, this multichannel reconstruction approach could provide an effective tool for understanding animal diversity-ecosystem functioning relationships in soil. This tool hopefully will inspire more researchers to describe soil communities and belowground-aboveground interactions comprehensively. Such studies will provide informative indicators for including consumers as active agents in biogeochemical models, not only locally but also on regional and global scales.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anton M Potapov
- Johann Friedrich Blumenbach Institute of Zoology and Anthropology, Animal Ecology, University of Göttingen, Untere Karspüle 2, 37073, Göttingen, Germany.,A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospect 33, 119071, Moscow
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Zhou Z, Krashevska V, Widyastuti R, Scheu S, Potapov A. Tropical land use alters functional diversity of soil food webs and leads to monopolization of the detrital energy channel. eLife 2022; 11:75428. [PMID: 35357306 PMCID: PMC9033302 DOI: 10.7554/elife.75428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Agricultural expansion is among the main threats to biodiversity and functions of tropical ecosystems. It has been shown that conversion of rainforest into plantations erodes biodiversity, but further consequences for food-web structure and energetics of belowground communities remains little explored. We used a unique combination of stable isotope analysis and food-web energetics to analyze in a comprehensive way consequences of the conversion of rainforest into oil palm and rubber plantations on the structure of and channeling of energy through soil animal food webs in Sumatra, Indonesia. Across the animal groups studied, most of the taxa had lower litter-calibrated Δ13C values in plantations than in rainforests, suggesting that they switched to freshly-fixed plant carbon ('fast' energy channeling) in plantations from the detrital C pathway ('slow' energy channeling) in rainforests. These shifts led to changes in isotopic divergence, dispersion, evenness, and uniqueness. However, earthworms as major detritivores stayed unchanged in their trophic niche and monopolized the detrital pathway in plantations, resulting in similar energetic metrics across land-use systems. Functional diversity metrics of soil food webs were associated with reduced amount of litter, tree density, and species richness in plantations, providing guidelines on how to improve the complexity of the structure of and channeling of energy through soil food webs. Our results highlight the strong restructuring of soil food webs with the conversion of rainforest into plantations threatening soil functioning and ecosystem stability in the long term.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Zhou
- JF Blumenbach Institute of Zoology and Anthropology, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Valentyna Krashevska
- JF Blumenbach Institute of Zoology and Anthropology, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Rahayu Widyastuti
- Department of Soil Sciences and Land Resources, Institut Pertanian Bogor, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Stefan Scheu
- JF Blumenbach Institute of Zoology and Anthropology, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Anton Potapov
- JF Blumenbach Institute of Zoology and Anthropology, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Potapov AM, Beaulieu F, Birkhofer K, Bluhm SL, Degtyarev MI, Devetter M, Goncharov AA, Gongalsky KB, Klarner B, Korobushkin DI, Liebke DF, Maraun M, Mc Donnell RJ, Pollierer MM, Schaefer I, Shrubovych J, Semenyuk II, Sendra A, Tuma J, Tůmová M, Vassilieva AB, Chen T, Geisen S, Schmidt O, Tiunov AV, Scheu S. Feeding habits and multifunctional classification of soil‐associated consumers from protists to vertebrates. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2022; 97:1057-1117. [DOI: 10.1111/brv.12832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anton M. Potapov
- J.F. Blumenbach Institute of Zoology and Anthropology University of Göttingen Untere Karspüle 2 37073 Göttingen Germany
- A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences Leninsky Prospect 33 119071 Moscow Russia
| | - Frédéric Beaulieu
- Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids and Nematodes, Agriculture and Agri‐Food Canada Ottawa ON K1A 0C6 Canada
| | - Klaus Birkhofer
- Department of Ecology Brandenburg University of Technology Karl‐Wachsmann‐Allee 6 03046 Cottbus Germany
| | - Sarah L. Bluhm
- J.F. Blumenbach Institute of Zoology and Anthropology University of Göttingen Untere Karspüle 2 37073 Göttingen Germany
| | - Maxim I. Degtyarev
- A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences Leninsky Prospect 33 119071 Moscow Russia
| | - Miloslav Devetter
- Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Soil Biology Na Sádkách 702/7 37005 České Budějovice Czech Republic
| | - Anton A. Goncharov
- A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences Leninsky Prospect 33 119071 Moscow Russia
| | - Konstantin B. Gongalsky
- A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences Leninsky Prospect 33 119071 Moscow Russia
| | - Bernhard Klarner
- J.F. Blumenbach Institute of Zoology and Anthropology University of Göttingen Untere Karspüle 2 37073 Göttingen Germany
| | - Daniil I. Korobushkin
- A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences Leninsky Prospect 33 119071 Moscow Russia
| | - Dana F. Liebke
- J.F. Blumenbach Institute of Zoology and Anthropology University of Göttingen Untere Karspüle 2 37073 Göttingen Germany
| | - Mark Maraun
- J.F. Blumenbach Institute of Zoology and Anthropology University of Göttingen Untere Karspüle 2 37073 Göttingen Germany
| | - Rory J. Mc Donnell
- Department of Crop and Soil Science Oregon State University Corvallis OR 97331 U.S.A
| | - Melanie M. Pollierer
- J.F. Blumenbach Institute of Zoology and Anthropology University of Göttingen Untere Karspüle 2 37073 Göttingen Germany
| | - Ina Schaefer
- J.F. Blumenbach Institute of Zoology and Anthropology University of Göttingen Untere Karspüle 2 37073 Göttingen Germany
| | - Julia Shrubovych
- Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Soil Biology Na Sádkách 702/7 37005 České Budějovice Czech Republic
- Institute of Systematics and Evolution of Animals PAS Slawkowska 17 Pl 31‐016 Krakow Poland
- State Museum Natural History of NAS of Ukraine Teatralna 18 79008 Lviv Ukraine
| | - Irina I. Semenyuk
- A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences Leninsky Prospect 33 119071 Moscow Russia
- Joint Russian‐Vietnamese Tropical Center №3 Street 3 Thang 2, Q10 Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam
| | - Alberto Sendra
- Colecciones Entomológicas Torres‐Sala, Servei de Patrimoni Històric, Ajuntament de València València Spain
- Departament de Didàctica de les Cièncias Experimentals i Socials, Facultat de Magisteri Universitat de València València Spain
| | - Jiri Tuma
- Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Soil Biology Na Sádkách 702/7 37005 České Budějovice Czech Republic
- Biology Centre CAS, Institute of Entomology Branisovska 1160/31 370 05 Ceske Budejovice Czech Republic
| | - Michala Tůmová
- Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Soil Biology Na Sádkách 702/7 37005 České Budějovice Czech Republic
| | - Anna B. Vassilieva
- A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences Leninsky Prospect 33 119071 Moscow Russia
| | - Ting‐Wen Chen
- Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Soil Biology Na Sádkách 702/7 37005 České Budějovice Czech Republic
| | - Stefan Geisen
- Department of Nematology Wageningen University & Research 6700ES Wageningen The Netherlands
| | - Olaf Schmidt
- UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science University College Dublin Belfield Dublin 4 Ireland
| | - Alexei V. Tiunov
- A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences Leninsky Prospect 33 119071 Moscow Russia
| | - Stefan Scheu
- J.F. Blumenbach Institute of Zoology and Anthropology University of Göttingen Untere Karspüle 2 37073 Göttingen Germany
- Centre of Biodiversity and Sustainable Land Use Büsgenweg 1 37077 Göttingen Germany
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Soil Arthropods in the Douro Demarcated Region Vineyards: General Characteristics and Ecosystem Services Provided. SUSTAINABILITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/su13147837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Viticulture is one of the oldest and most profitable forms of agriculture; it is also one of the most intensive farming systems. As intensive cultivation threatens the environment, there is increasing interest in the concept of sustainability within the wine industry, as well as new business opportunities, as customers begin to pay more attention to environmental and sustainability issues. Recognizing the key role of soil quality in environmentally and economically sustainable viticulture makes it essential to understand better soil arthropod communities, given their crucial functions in maintaining soil quality and health. The ‘Douro Demarcated Region’ (DDR) in northern Portugal offers good potential, in regards to biodiversity, due to its significant areas of non-crop habitats. This work aims to compile information on soil arthropod communities (both soil surface and soil-living) collected in the DDR vineyard agroecosystems. A description of the ecosystem services provided by them, as a basis for the development and implementation of sustainable viticulture systems, is also an objective of this work. An important set of soil arthropods necessary for the delivery of vital ecosystem services for viticulture, with particular reference to supporting and regulating services, occurred in this ecosystem. Eight classes were chiefly represented in a sample of about 167,000 arthropod specimens: Arachnida, Chilopoda, Diplopoda, Entognatha, Insecta, Malacostraca, Pauropoda, and Symphyla. The most representative were Entognatha and Insecta in soil-surface arthropods, and Arachnida and Entognatha in soil-living arthropods. The presence of recognized groups as bioindicators in agroecosystems, such as soil quality indicators, is also revealed. This knowledge is expected to contribute to a more efficient and sustainable management of the viticultural ecosystem.
Collapse
|
12
|
Pollierer MM, Scheu S. Stable isotopes of amino acids indicate that soil decomposer microarthropods predominantly feed on saprotrophic fungi. Ecosphere 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.3425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Melanie M. Pollierer
- J.F. Blumenbach Institute of Zoology and Anthropology University of Göttingen Untere Karspüle 2 Göttingen37073Germany
| | - Stefan Scheu
- J.F. Blumenbach Institute of Zoology and Anthropology University of Göttingen Untere Karspüle 2 Göttingen37073Germany
- Centre of Biodiversity and Sustainable Land Use University of Göttingen Büsgenweg 1 Göttingen37077Germany
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Pollierer MM, Scheu S, Tiunov AV. Isotope analyses of amino acids in fungi and fungal feeding Diptera larvae allow differentiating ectomycorrhizal and saprotrophic fungi‐based food chains. Funct Ecol 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.13654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Melanie M. Pollierer
- J.F. Blumenbach Institute of Zoology and Anthropology University of Göttingen Göttingen Germany
| | - Stefan Scheu
- J.F. Blumenbach Institute of Zoology and Anthropology University of Göttingen Göttingen Germany
- Centre of Biodiversity and Sustainable Land Use University of Göttingen Göttingen Germany
| | - Alexei V. Tiunov
- A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow Russia
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Sterzyńska M, Shrubovych J, Tajovský K, Čuchta P, Starý J, Kaňa J, Smykla J. Responses of soil microarthropod taxon (Hexapoda: Protura) to natural disturbances and management practices in forest-dominated subalpine lake catchment areas. Sci Rep 2020; 10:5572. [PMID: 32221344 PMCID: PMC7101359 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-62522-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Disturbances are intrinsic drivers of structure and function in ecosystems, hence predicting their effects in forest ecosystems is essential for forest conservation and/or management practices. Yet, knowledge regarding belowground impacts of disturbance events still remains little understood and can greatly vary by taxonomic and functional identity, disturbance type and local environmental conditions. To address this gap in knowledge, we conducted a survey of soil-dwelling Protura, across forests subjected to different disturbance regimes (i.e. windstorms, insect pest outbreaks and clear-cut logging). We expected that the soil proturan assemblages would differ among disturbance regimes. We also hypothesized that these differences would be driven primarily by variation in soil physicochemical properties thus the impacts of forest disturbances would be indirect and related to changes in food resources. To verify that sampling included two geographically distant subalpine glacial lake catchments that differed in underlying geology, each having four different types of forest disturbance, i.e. control, bark beetle outbreak (BB), windthrow + BB (wind + BB) and clear-cut. As expected, forest disturbance had negative effects on proturan diversity and abundance, with multiple disturbances having the greatest impacts. However, differences in edaphic factors constituted a stronger driver of variability in distribution and abundance of proturans assemblages. These results imply that soil biogeochemistry and resource availability can have much stronger effects on proturan assemblages than forest disturbances.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Sterzyńska
- Museum and Institute of Zoology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wilcza 64, 00-679, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Julia Shrubovych
- Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Soil Biology, Na Sádkách 7, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic.,Institute of Systematics and Evolution of Animals, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sławkowska 17, 31-016, Krakow, Poland.,State Museum of Natural History, Ukrainian Academy of Sciences, Teatral'na 18, UA 79008, L'viv, Ukraine
| | - Karel Tajovský
- Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Soil Biology, Na Sádkách 7, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
| | - Peter Čuchta
- Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Soil Biology, Na Sádkách 7, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Josef Starý
- Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Soil Biology, Na Sádkách 7, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Kaňa
- Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Na Sádkách 7, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Jerzy Smykla
- Institute of Nature Conservation, Polish Academy of Sciences, Mickiewicza 33, 31-120, Kraków, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Protura in Arctic Regions, with Description of Mastodonentomon n. gen. (Acerentomidae, Nipponentominae) and a Key to Known Arctic Taxa. INSECTS 2020; 11:insects11030173. [PMID: 32182866 PMCID: PMC7143616 DOI: 10.3390/insects11030173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Protura are widespread, but their presence in the Arctic was first noted only ca. 70 years ago and is still little acknowledged. This work compiles taxonomic information on proturans in the Arctic regions and adds unpublished data from Northern Siberia. Currently, this fauna is represented by 23 species in two orders and 14 genera. The large cosmopolitan genus Eosentomon is represented by only four species, whereas Acerentomidae is much more diverse, with 19 species in 13 genera (eight Nipponentominae, five Acerentominae). Most of the Arctic species possess a larger number of setae than species living in temperate regions. Based on several unique characters, a new genus, Mastodonentomon, is erected for Nipponentomon macleani, and the species is re-described with the original description supplemented with new characters, including head chaetotaxy, seta length, and porotaxy. Proturan occurrence in the Arctic is limited to Beringia, but the majority of species have restricted distributions and none have been found in both the American Arctic and Siberia. This implies relict origins and high levels of proturan endemism in the Arctic. This emerging view on biogeographical history is, however, hampered by the limited extent of available data, which highlights the need for considerably greater survey efforts. A key to Arctic proturans is provided to facilitate further studies.
Collapse
|