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Aldharman SS, Alayed FT, Aljohani BS, Aladwani AM, Alyousef MA, Hakami KM, Albalawi DM, Alnaaim SA. An Assessment of Dementia Knowledge and Its Associated Factors Among Health College Students in Saudi Arabia. Cureus 2023; 15:e34578. [PMID: 36874297 PMCID: PMC9981551 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.34578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Dementia is a public health concern and the main cause of impairment and dependency among the elderly worldwide. It is characterized by a progressive decline in cognition, memory, and all domains of quality of life with preserving the level of consciousness. Accurate measurement of dementia knowledge among future health professionals is required to improve targeted educational initiatives and supportive care of patients. This study aimed to assess knowledge of dementia and its associated factors among health college students in Saudi Arabia. Methods A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted among health college students from various regions in Saudi Arabia. Data on sociodemographic characteristics and dementia knowledge were gathered using a standardized study questionnaire Dementia Knowledge Assessment Scale (DKAS) distributed on different social media platforms. Data analysis was carried out using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 24.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA) statistical software. A P-value of <0.05 was considered significant. Results A total of 1,613 participants were included in the study. The mean age was 20.5 ± 2.5 years (range 18-25 years). The majority of them were males (64.9%), and females represented 35.1%. The mean knowledge score of the participants was 13.68 ± 3.18 (out of 25). According to DKAS subscales, we found that the respondents scored the highest in care considerations (4.17 ± 1.30) and the lowest in risks and health promotion (2.89 ± 1.96). Furthermore, we found that the participants with no previous dementia exposure had a significantly higher level of knowledge than those with previous dementia exposure. In addition, we found that both genders, aged 19, 21, 22, 23, 24, and 25 years; the geographic distribution of respondents; and previous dementia exposure significantly affected the DKAS score. Conclusions Our findings showed that health college students in Saudi Arabia had poor knowledge about dementia. Ongoing health education and comprehensive academic training are recommended to improve their knowledge and provide competent care for dementia patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah S Aldharman
- College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, SAU
| | - Faisal T Alayed
- College of Medicine, Al-Imam Mohammed Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, SAU
| | - Badr S Aljohani
- Department of Medicine, Alrayan Medical College, Madinah, SAU
| | | | - Meshal A Alyousef
- College of Medicine, Al-Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, SAU
| | | | | | - Saud A Alnaaim
- Department of Neurology, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, SAU
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2
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Koetsenruijter KW, Veldhuijzen W, De Lepeleire J, van Leeuwen Y, Muris JW, Teunissen PW. Learning from complex elderly care: a qualitative study on motivating residents in family medicine. BMC PRIMARY CARE 2022; 23:307. [PMID: 36456898 PMCID: PMC9714098 DOI: 10.1186/s12875-022-01908-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND More and more patients need complex care, especially the elderly. For various reasons, this is becoming increasingly difficult. The onus is essentially on family physicians to provide this care and family medicine residency programs should therefore prepare their residents for this task. We know from self-determination theory (SDT) that motivation plays a key role in learning and that in order to boost motivation, fulfillment of 3 basic psychological needs - for autonomy, competence, and relatedness - is crucial. As residents often lack motivation, residency programs face the important challenge to motivate them to learn about and engage in complex elderly care. How to do so, however, is not yet sufficiently understood. METHODS We conducted a qualitative multi-institutional case study across four universities in Belgium and the Netherlands. In the period between June, 2015, and May, 2019, we triangulated information from semi-structured interviews, document analysis, and observations of educational moments. Guided by SDT concepts, the analysis was performed iteratively by a multidisciplinary team, using ATLAS.ti, version 8. In this process, we gained more insights into residents' motivation to learn complex elderly care. RESULTS We scrutinized 1,369 document pages and 4 films, observed 34 educational moments, and held 41 semi-structured interviews. Although we found all the 3 basic psychological needs postulated by SDT, each seemed to have its own challenges. First, a tension between the need to guide residents and to encourage their independent learning complicated fulfillment of the need for autonomy. Second, the unpredictability of complex care led to reduced feelings of competence. Yet, guidelines and models could help residents to capture and apprehend its complexity. And third, family medicine practice, patients, and educational practice, by either satisfying or thwarting the need for relatedness, were identified as key mediators of motivation. By setting the right example and encouraging residents to discuss authentic dilemmas and switch their health care approach from cure to care, educators can boost their motivation. CONCLUSION Our study has demonstrated that the degree of perceived autonomy, guidance by the education program, use of authentic dilemmas, as well as involvement of group facilitators can aid the process of motivation. TRIAL REGISTRATION NVMO, ERB number 482.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. W.J. Koetsenruijter
- grid.5012.60000 0001 0481 6099Department of Family Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands ,grid.5012.60000 0001 0481 6099School of Health Professions Education (SHE), Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - W. Veldhuijzen
- grid.5012.60000 0001 0481 6099School of Health Professions Education (SHE), Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - J. De Lepeleire
- grid.5596.f0000 0001 0668 7884Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Y van Leeuwen
- grid.5012.60000 0001 0481 6099Department of Family Medicine and Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - J. W.M. Muris
- grid.5012.60000 0001 0481 6099Department of Family Medicine and Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - P. W. Teunissen
- grid.412966.e0000 0004 0480 1382School of Health Professions Education (SHE), Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Maastricht University Medical Center +, Maastricht, the Netherlands
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Chan CM, Ong MJY, Zakaria AA, Visusasam MM, Ali MF, Jamil TR, Aizuddin AN, Abdul Aziz AF. Assessment of dementia knowledge and its associated factors among final year medical undergraduates in selected universities across Malaysia. BMC Geriatr 2022; 22:450. [PMID: 35610579 PMCID: PMC9129895 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-022-03148-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The elderly population in Malaysia are projected to reach almost one third of the total population by 2040. The absence of a National Dementia Strategy (NDS) in preparing the healthcare services for the ageing population is compounded by the lack of assessment of preparedness of future healthcare workers to manage complications related to ageing i.e., dementia. Studies in countries with NDS demonstrated lack of dementia knowledge among medical undergraduates. Hence, this study aimed to assess the knowledge on dementia among final year medical undergraduates in Malaysia and its associated factors, using the Dementia Knowledge Assessment Scale (DKAS). Methods This cross-sectional study, employed multistage sampling method to recruit final year medical undergraduates from eleven selected public and private medical institutions across Malaysia. Online self-administered measures were delivered to final year medical undergraduates through representatives of medical students’ society after approval from Deanery and institutional ethics board of participating universities. The measure collected demographic information, previous dementia exposure (i.e., formal or informal) and the 25-item Likert scale DKAS. Bivariate analysis and linear regression were conducted to confirm factors influencing dementia knowledge components. Results A total of 464 respondents from 7 universities participated in this study. Overall dementia knowledge among respondents with and without exposure, was low, with average score of 29.60 ± 6.97 and 28.22 ± 6.98, respectively. DKAS subscales analysis revealed respondents scored highest in care consideration subscale (9.49 ± 2.37) and lowest in communication and behaviour subscale (4.38 ± 2.39). However, only causes and characteristic subscale recorded significantly higher knowledge score among respondents with previous exposure (7.88 ± 2.58) (p =0.015). Higher knowledge of dementia was associated with previous formal dementia education (p=0.037) and informal occupational/working experience in caring for dementia patients (p = 0.001). Informal occupational/working experience (B = 4.141, 95% CI 1.748–6.535, p = 0.001) had greater effect than formal education (i.e. lectures/workshops) (B = 1.393, 95% CI 0.086–2.700, p = 0.037) to influence respondents’ knowledge on dementia. Conclusion Dementia knowledge among final year medical undergraduates is low. To improve dementia knowledge, Malaysian medical curriculum should be reviewed to incorporate formal education and informal occupational/working experience, as early as in undergraduate training to help prepare future healthcare providers to recognise dementia among ageing Malaysians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chee Mun Chan
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,Class of 2021/2022, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Marjorie Jia Yi Ong
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,Class of 2021/2022, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Adam Aiman Zakaria
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,Class of 2021/2022, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Monikha Maria Visusasam
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,Class of 2021/2022, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Fairuz Ali
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Teh Rohaila Jamil
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Azimatun Noor Aizuddin
- Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Aznida Firzah Abdul Aziz
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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Cheung K, Tamura P, Malik Z, Lin J, Cyrus J, Alexander C, Hobgood S. Barriers and motivators to specializing in geriatrics and strategies for recruitment: scoping review. GERONTOLOGY & GERIATRICS EDUCATION 2022:1-17. [PMID: 35603812 DOI: 10.1080/02701960.2022.2078814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
While the barriers to specializing in geriatrics are known, motivators behind why medical trainees choose geriatrics are not as well understood. It is also unknown if recruitment strategies in the literature address these barriers and motivators. The aim of this systematic scoping review is to examine the current literature on recruitment strategies alongside motivators and barriers for specializing in geriatrics. Eligible articles for this scoping review either focused on motivators or barriers among trainees (medical students, resident-physicians, fellows) or recruitment strategies. A scoping search was conducted in MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, and PsychINFO. Data was extracted on article characteristics and themes. 88 of 2064 articles were eligible and included. Personal fulfillment emerged as the most common theme for motivators, contrary to prior studies that cite positive role modeling. Financial disincentive remained the most common barrier, followed by limited exposure and "futile" practice. Promising interventions beyond financial compensation include defining geriatrics better, emphasizing the high job satisfaction rates, increasing clinical exposure for medical students, and additional funding for academic centers to recruit academic geriatricians. Policymakers and medical educators should consider multiple strategies that target the motivators, as well as the barriers to pursuing geriatrics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly Cheung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, US
| | - Peter Tamura
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, US
| | - Zeeshan Malik
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, US
| | - Jason Lin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, US
| | - John Cyrus
- Department of Research and Education, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, US
| | - Chuck Alexander
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, US
| | - Sarah Hobgood
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, US
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Herrler A, Kukla H, Vennedey V, Stock S. Which features of ambulatory healthcare are preferred by people aged 80 and over? Findings from a systematic review of qualitative studies and appraisal of confidence using GRADE-CERQual. BMC Geriatr 2022; 22:428. [PMID: 35578168 PMCID: PMC9109291 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-022-03006-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Despite healthcare providers’ goal of patient-centeredness, current models for the ambulatory (i.e., outpatient) care of older people have not as yet systematically incorporated their views. Moreover, there is no systematic overview of the preferable features of ambulatory care from the perspective of people aged 80 and over. Therefore, the aim of this study was to summarize their specific wishes and preferences regarding ambulatory care from qualitative studies. Methods The study was based on qualitative studies identified in a prior systematic review. Firstly, the findings of the qualitative studies were meta-summarized, following Sandelowski and Barroso. Secondly, a list of preferred features of care from the perspective of older people was derived from the included studies’ findings through inductive coding. Thirdly, the review findings were appraised using the GRADE-CERQual tool to determine the level of confidence in the qualitative evidence. The appraisal comprised four domains: methodological limitations, coherence, data adequacy, and data relevance. Two reviewers independently evaluated every review finding in each domain. The final appraisals were discussed and ultimately summarized for the respective review finding (high, moderate, low, or very low confidence). Results The 22 qualitative studies included in the systematic review were mainly conducted in Northern and Western Europe (n = 15). In total, the studies comprised a sample of 330 participants (n = 5 to n = 42) with a mean or median age of 80 and over. From the studies’ findings, 23 preferred features of ambulatory care were identified. Eight features concerned care relationships (e.g., “Older people wish to receive personal attention”), and 15 features concerned healthcare structures (e.g., “Older want more time for their care”). The findings emphasized that older people wish to build strong relationships with their care providers. The majority of the review findings reached a moderate or high confidence appraisal. Conclusions While the listed features of healthcare structures are common elements of care models for older people (e.g., Geriatric Care Model), aspects of care relationships are somewhat underrepresented or are not addressed explicitly at all. Future research should further explore the identified preferred features and their impact on patient and care outcomes. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12877-022-03006-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angélique Herrler
- Faculty of Human Sciences and Faculty of Medicine, Graduate School GROW - Gerontological Research on Well-being, University of Cologne, Albertus-Magnus-Platz, 50923, Cologne, Germany. .,Institute for Health Economics and Clinical Epidemiology, University Hospital Cologne, 50935, Cologne, Germany.
| | - Helena Kukla
- Faculty of Human Sciences and Faculty of Medicine, Graduate School GROW - Gerontological Research on Well-being, University of Cologne, Albertus-Magnus-Platz, 50923, Cologne, Germany
| | - Vera Vennedey
- Institute for Health Economics and Clinical Epidemiology, University Hospital Cologne, 50935, Cologne, Germany
| | - Stephanie Stock
- Institute for Health Economics and Clinical Epidemiology, University Hospital Cologne, 50935, Cologne, Germany
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6
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Graham KL, King KD. Evaluating the Working with Older Adults Scale with Clinical Psychology Doctoral Students. THE GERONTOLOGIST 2022; 62:1217-1225. [DOI: 10.1093/geront/gnac044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background and Objectives
The ongoing workforce shortage in geropsychology requires continued efforts to understand the factors that influence whether or not students choose to enter this field. The current study builds on prior research by replicating the Working with Older Adults Scale (WOAS) model. Further, the scale was expanded to add professional attitudes, adultist concerns, and number of known professionals in the field of aging.
Research Design and Methods
Graduate students in clinical psychology (n = 117) completed the WOAS and new items as part of a larger survey of graduate students in an APA-accredited doctoral program. Structural equation modeling was used to first replicate the existing WOAS model and then expanded to include new antecedents in a second model.
Results
Results were largely similar to past research validating the WOAS, with the exception that Perceived Behavioral Control was not a significant predictor of Intention in this population. In the expanded model, new items improved the overall model fit and exhibited significant indirect paths to predict intention to work with older adults.
Discussion and Implications
These findings further validate use of the WOAS and expand scholarly understanding of the factors influencing the choice of a career in aging. Individuals positioned to encourage careers in aging may wish to address adultist concerns, explore attitudes about such careers, challenge unhelpful assumptions, and provide greater exposure and access to mentors in the field as part of recruitment efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten L Graham
- Department of Psychology, Southern Utah University, Cedar City, UT, USA
| | - Katherine D King
- Clinical Psychology Department, William James College, Boston, MA, USA
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Hebditch M, Banerjee S, Wright J, Daley S. Preferences of newly qualified healthcare professionals for working with people with dementia: a qualitative study. Age Ageing 2022; 51:6427232. [PMID: 34794174 PMCID: PMC8753027 DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afab206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background there is little research on preferences in students and newly qualified healthcare professionals for working with people with dementia. Understanding the development of these preferences can help inform strategies to increase workforce capacity in response to current suboptimal dementia care and the increasing numbers of people with dementia. Objective to explore the factors that influence career preferences in relation to working with people with dementia. Specifically, to understand how these factors relate to early career doctors’ and nurses’ preferences and how they influence decisions and perspectives on their careers. Methods qualitative in-depth interviews were conducted with 27 newly qualified doctors and nurses within 2 years of graduation. This included a subset of participants that had taken part in a dementia educational intervention during their undergraduate training. Transcripts were analysed using grounded theory methods. Results the results present six main categories representing complex interlinked factors influencing preferences for working with people with dementia as well as exploring the definition of a career working with people with dementia. The factors include the importance of making a difference; seeing dementia care as a different type of care; its perceived alignment with personal characteristics; perceptions of people with dementia; care environments and career characteristics. Discussion this is the first study to explore the factors influencing preferences for working with people with dementia in newly qualified healthcare professionals. It provides useful data to inform workforce planning, and curriculum and practice development to stimulate interest and drive improved quality of care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Molly Hebditch
- Centre for Dementia Studies, Brighton & Sussex Medical School, Falmer, BN1 9RY, UK
| | - Sube Banerjee
- Faculty of Health, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, PL4 8AA, UK
| | - Juliet Wright
- Department of Medical Education, Brighton & Sussex Medical School, Falmer, BN1 9PH, UK
| | - Stephanie Daley
- Centre for Dementia Studies, Brighton & Sussex Medical School, Falmer, BN1 9RY, UK
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Ng ZL, Mat Din H, Zakaria NF, Inche Mat LN, Wan Zukiman WZH, Md Shah A, Daut UN, Sallehuddin HM. Implementation of a Healthcare of Elderly Course With Multi-Professional Teachers for Undergraduate Medical Students in a Public University in Malaysia-A Quasi-Experimental Pre and Post Study. Front Public Health 2021; 9:743804. [PMID: 34858926 PMCID: PMC8632039 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.743804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinical practise in the ageing population is changing from organ-specific specialty care to holistic care. This is done through comprehensive geriatric assessment and multi-disciplinary team management. Hence, we adopted an approach consisting of multi-professional teachers teaching a Healthcare of Elderly Course (HEC), in a public university in Malaysia. We aimed to analyze the students' attitude, self-perceived competency and interest in geriatric medicine as a career before and after the course. We also investigated variables that might influence this interest among these students. All 96 students in the course were invited to participate in the survey. Sixty-eight (70.8%) completed both pre and post-course questionnaires. Although most students (93%) have a positive attitude (University of California at Los Angeles Geriatric Attitude Scale >3) toward older adults at baseline, it did not significantly increase post-course. We found that the mean scores for self-perceived competency increased from 3.62 (±0.76) to 3.81 (±0.56) post-course (p < 0.01). However, the students remained neutral with no significant change in the mean interest in pursuing a geriatric medicine career after the course. Students with higher self-perceived competency post-course were found to be more interested in geriatric medicine (β = 0.56, p < 0.001). In conclusion, the HEC in our centre could sustain a positive attitude and increase self-perceived competency in students. It is important to increase the preparedness of our graduates in managing older adults with frailty and multimorbidity. Future studies may involve inter-professional education of students from multiple disciplines undergoing the same course to nurture real-life collaborations in managing the ageing population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Ling Ng
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Putra Malaysia University, Seri Kembangan, Malaysia
| | - Hazwan Mat Din
- Malaysian Research Institute on Ageing, Putra Malaysia University, Seri Kembangan, Malaysia
| | - Nor Fadhlina Zakaria
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Putra Malaysia University, Seri Kembangan, Malaysia
| | - Liyana Najwa Inche Mat
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Putra University Malaysia, Seri Kembangan, Malaysia
| | - Wan Zul Haikal Wan Zukiman
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Putra Malaysia University, Seri Kembangan, Malaysia
| | - Anim Md Shah
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Putra Malaysia University, Seri Kembangan, Malaysia
| | - Ummi Nadira Daut
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Putra Malaysia University, Seri Kembangan, Malaysia
| | - Hakimah Mohammad Sallehuddin
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Putra Malaysia University, Seri Kembangan, Malaysia.,Malaysian Research Institute on Ageing, Putra Malaysia University, Seri Kembangan, Malaysia
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9
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Ferguson CC, Figy SC, Manley NA. Nursing Home Education During the COVID-19 Pandemic. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL EDUCATION AND CURRICULAR DEVELOPMENT 2021; 8:2382120521997096. [PMID: 33748421 PMCID: PMC7905713 DOI: 10.1177/2382120521997096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To help older adults living in nursing homes (NHs) while educating medical and physician assistant (MD/PA) students during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS Using a multicomponent iterative process, we piloted multiple student led service-learning projects in 2 NHs and 1 hospice agency in the Midwest. Pre-post online student surveys were completed to match student interests with facility needs and to assess learning and obtain feedback regarding their experiences. RESULTS All 12 interested students completed the initial survey; n = 23 ultimately volunteered (word of mouth); n = 11 (48%) completed the follow-up survey. Opportunities were medical record transfer, grounds beautification, resident biographies, window entertainment, and No-One-Dies-Alone program. Students averaged 9.2 volunteer hours; stated the opportunities were enjoyable, clinically applicable, and socially distanced; and reported learning about unique experiences of older adults in NHs. DISCUSSION Despite limitations created by the pandemic, mutually beneficial and safe opportunities remain for education in the NH setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire C Ferguson
- Department of Internal Medicine Division of Geriatrics, Gerontology and Palliative Medicine, University of Nebraska, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Sean C Figy
- Department of Surgery Division of Plastic/Reconstructive Surgery, University of Nebraska, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Natalie A Manley
- Department of Internal Medicine Division of Geriatrics, Gerontology and Palliative Medicine, University of Nebraska, Omaha, NE, USA
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Pi-Bansa S, Osei JHN, Frempong KK, Elhassan E, Akuoko OK, Agyemang D, Ahorlu C, Appawu MA, Koudou BG, Wilson MD, de Souza DK, Dadzie SK, Utzinger J, Boakye DA. Potential factors influencing lymphatic filariasis transmission in "hotspot" and "control" areas in Ghana: the importance of vectors. Infect Dis Poverty 2019; 8:9. [PMID: 30717788 PMCID: PMC6362603 DOI: 10.1186/s40249-019-0520-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mass drug administration (MDA) programmes for the control of lymphatic filariasis in Ghana, have been ongoing in some endemic districts for 16 years. The current study aimed to assess factors that govern the success of MDA programmes for breaking transmission of lymphatic filariasis in Ghana. METHODS The study was undertaken in two "hotspot" districts (Ahanta West and Kassena Nankana West) and two control districts (Mpohor and Bongo) in Ghana. Mosquitoes were collected and identified using morphological and molecular tools. A proportion of the cibarial armatures of each species was examined. Dissections were performed on Anopheles gambiae for filarial worm detection. A questionnaire was administered to obtain information on MDA compliance and vector control activities. Data were compared between districts to determine factors that might explain persistent transmission of lymphatic filariasis. RESULTS High numbers of mosquitoes were sampled in Ahanta West district compared to Mpohor district (F = 16.09, P = 0.002). There was no significant difference between the numbers of mosquitoes collected in Kassena Nankana West and Bongo districts (F = 2.16, P = 0.185). Mansonia species were predominant in Ahanta West district. An. coluzzii mosquitoes were prevalent in all districts. An. melas with infected and infective filarial worms was found only in Ahanta West district. No differences were found in cibarial teeth numbers and shape for mosquito species in the surveyed districts. Reported MDA coverage was high in all districts. The average use of bednet and indoor residual spraying was 82.4 and 66.2%, respectively. There was high compliance in the five preceding MDA rounds in Ahanta West and Kassena Nankana West districts, both considered hotspots of lymphatic filariasis transmission. CONCLUSIONS The study on persistent transmission of lymphatic filariasis in the two areas in Ghana present information that shows the importance of local understanding of factors affecting control and elimination of lymphatic filariasis. Unlike Kassena Nankana West district where transmission dynamics could be explained by initial infection prevalence and low vector densities, ongoing lymphatic filariasis transmission in Ahanta West district might be explained by high biting rates of An. gambiae and initial infection prevalence, coupled with high densities of An. melas and Mansonia vector species that have low or no teeth and exhibiting limitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sellase Pi-Bansa
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland. .,University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland. .,Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana.
| | - Joseph Harold Nyarko Osei
- Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana.,Department of Animal Biology and Conservation Science, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana
| | - Kwadwo Kyeremeh Frempong
- Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana.,Department of Animal Biology and Conservation Science, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana
| | | | - Osei Kweku Akuoko
- Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana.,African Regional Postgraduate Programme in Insect Science, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana
| | | | - Collins Ahorlu
- Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana
| | - Maxwell Alexander Appawu
- Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana
| | - Benjamin Guibehi Koudou
- Vector Biology Department, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK.,Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques en Côte d'Ivoire, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - Michael David Wilson
- Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana
| | - Dziedzom Komi de Souza
- Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana
| | - Samuel Kweku Dadzie
- Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana
| | - Jürg Utzinger
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland.,University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Adjei Boakye
- Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana
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