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Abu Khait A, Menger A, Hamdan-Mansour AM, Aldalaykeh M, Hamaideh SH, Al-Mrayat YD, Nusair H. The Association Between Coping Strategies and Psychological and Emotional Distress Among Health Care Providers Caring for Autistic Children in Jordan. West J Nurs Res 2024:1939459241254782. [PMID: 38829033 DOI: 10.1177/01939459241254782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Health care providers (HCPs) caring for autistic children report more perceived psychological and emotional distress related to their job. However, not much is known about what can be done to mitigate such distress, especially in countries with limited mental health resources, such as Jordan. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to examine the association between coping strategies (problem-focused, emotion-focused, and avoidant) and perceived emotional and psychological distress among HCPs of autistic children in Jordan. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, a convenience sample of 180 HCPs working with autistic children in Jordan were recruited through autism centers and social media using an online self-administered questionnaire. RESULTS The multiple linear regression analysis revealed that 31% of the variability in perceived emotional distress was explained by its significant association with problem-focused coping, emotion-focused coping, and avoidant coping. Likewise, 39% of the variability in perceived psychological distress was explained by its significant association with gender, having an immediate family, area of specialty, problem-focused coping, emotion-focused coping, and avoidant coping. CONCLUSIONS The study shows that problem-focused coping significantly decreases perceived emotional distress, whereas emotion-focused and avoidant coping significantly increase perceived emotional distress. Avoidant coping significantly increases perceived psychological distress. Understanding the association between coping strategies and perceived emotional and psychological distress among HCPs can assist mental health nurses in identifying at-risk providers and providing timely emotional and psychological support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdallah Abu Khait
- Department of Community and Mental Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
| | | | - Ayman M Hamdan-Mansour
- Department of Community Health Nursing, School of Nursing, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Mohammed Aldalaykeh
- Community and Mental Health Nursing Department, College of Nursing, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Shaher H Hamaideh
- Department of Community and Mental Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
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Leung H, Lim M, Lim WO, Lee SA, Lee J. Psychological well-being of healthcare workers during COVID-19 in a mental health institution. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0300329. [PMID: 38498513 PMCID: PMC10947715 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0300329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study examined the psychological wellbeing of Healthcare Workers (HCWs) during COVID-19 in a mental health setting, associations of psychosocial wellbeing with coping style, and ways that organisations can mitigate the psychosocial burden on HCWs. METHODS Thirty-seven Mental HCWs (MHCWs) from infected and non-infected wards (control group), were recruited and assessed at three timepoints. Psychological wellbeing, perceived cohesion, and coping style (Brief-COPE) were assessed. Reports on individual coping and feedback on the organisation were collected through in-depth interview. Comparison between infected and non-infected wards, as well as comparison of psychosocial measures and perceived cohesion, across the three timepoints were made. As there were no significant changes in coping styles across the timepoints, Timepoint 1 (T1) coping style was used to correlate with the psychosocial measures across all timepoints. Thematic analysis was used for qualitative data. RESULTS MHCWs from infected wards reported significantly higher levels of stress, χ2(1) = 6.74, p = 0.009, effect size: medium (ε2 = 0.198), and more severe sleep disturbance (PSQI), χ2(1) = 6.20, p = 0.013, effect size: medium (ε2 = 0.182), as compared to the control group at T2. They also engaged in more problem-focused coping (T2 and T3) and emotion-focused coping (T2). As expected, negative coping style was correlated with negative outcomes except problem-focused coping that was correlated with both negative (sleep disturbance and anxiety symptoms) and positive outcomes (wellbeing). Emotion-focused coping was moderately correlated (Tb = 0.348, p<0.017) with higher levels of wellbeing at T2. Thematic analyses revealed MHCWs felt supported by the responsiveness of the institution, emotional and informational support, and the availability from direct leaders, presence of team and hospital leaders on the ground, helped build trust and confidence in the leadership. CONCLUSIONS MHCWs experienced significantly higher levels of stress and sleep disturbance during COVID-19. The ways that organizations can offset the psychological burden of pandemics on MHCWs are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- HoiTing Leung
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Madeline Lim
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wee Onn Lim
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sara-Ann Lee
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jimmy Lee
- Population and Global Health, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
- North Region, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore, Singapore
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Burtic SR, Castiglione L, Murariu M, Rosca O, Dumitru C, Neagoe O. Assessment of Quality of Life in Patients with Chronic Anal Fissures: A 1-Year Follow-Up Study before and after Botulinum Toxin (Botox) Injection. J Clin Med 2024; 13:316. [PMID: 38256449 PMCID: PMC10816032 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13020316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
This longitudinal study aimed to assess the quality of life in patients with anal fissures treated with botulinum toxin (Botox) injections over a one-year period. The study hypothesized that Botox injections would significantly improve quality of life and that these improvements would be sustained over a year. Conducted as a cross-sectional study, it assessed adults diagnosed with chronic anal fissures unresponsive to conventional treatments. Participants received 25 U of Botox in two sessions and their quality of life was assessed using the WHOQOL-BREF, COPE-60, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and SF-36 surveys. Data were collected at baseline six months and one year post-treatment. The study involved 113 patients, with a mean age of 38.1 years. Significant improvements were observed in the WHOQOL-BREF scores across all domains from baseline to 12 months (physical domain: 49.4 ± 10.5 to 70.2 ± 10.6, p < 0.001; mental domain: 34.8 ± 11.2 to 61.9 ± 11.5, p < 0.001). SF-36 scores also showed significant enhancements in physical and mental health components (physical: 44.3 ± 7.5 to 56.9 ± 5.9, p < 0.001; mental: 41.1 ± 7.2 to 54.4 ± 6.3, p < 0.001). Additionally, significant improvements were noted in patient perception on quality of life from the perspective of various aspects including physical discomfort, pain management, and mood and emotional well-being. The study demonstrated that Botox injections significantly improved the quality of life in patients with chronic anal fissures, with sustained benefits observed over a year. These findings suggest Botox as an effective treatment modality for enhancing life quality in patients with this condition, highlighting the potential for broader applications in managing chronic anal fissures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia-Roxana Burtic
- Doctoral School, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
- Department II, Discipline of Medical Communication, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Luca Castiglione
- Doctoral School, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
- Department of General Surgery, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - Marius Murariu
- Department of General Surgery, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - Ovidiu Rosca
- Department of Infectious Diseases, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - Catalin Dumitru
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - Octavian Neagoe
- Second Discipline of Surgical Semiology, First Department of Surgery, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
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Bani-Issa W, Abu Talib M, Timmins F, Brenner M, Alameddine M. Developments in empowering and supporting women's role in scientific research in the United Arab Emirates. J Adv Nurs 2024; 80:4-7. [PMID: 37309056 DOI: 10.1111/jan.15731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wegdan Bani-Issa
- Department of Nursing, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Manar Abu Talib
- Research Outreach Department, College of Computing and Informatics, Office of Research & Graduate Studies, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Fiona Timmins
- School of Nursing, Midwifery and Health Systems, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Maria Brenner
- School of Nursing, Midwifery and Health Systems, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Mohamad Alameddine
- Department of Health Services Administration, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
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Van der Merwe LJ, Motlapema N, Matsepe T, Nchepe K, Ramachela P, Rangolo T, Kutu Z, Joubert G, Van Rooyen C. Medical registrars at the University of the Free State: Burnout, resilience and coping strategies. S Afr Fam Pract (2004) 2023; 65:e1-e7. [PMID: 38112018 PMCID: PMC10730451 DOI: 10.4102/safp.v65i1.5788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Burnout among doctors has been linked with decreased quality of patient care. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic highlighted the need to protect doctors' mental health and well-being. This study aimed to investigate burnout, resilience and coping strategies among registrars in the MMed programme of the University of the Free State (UFS) in 2020. METHODS In this quantitative, cross-sectional study, a link to an online anonymous self-administered questionnaire with socio-demographic questions, perceived stress, Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (CBI), Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale and Brief Cope was emailed to all 278 registrars. RESULTS Sixty registrars responded (response rate 21.6%). More than half (55.0%) were male and 73.3% were married. There were 28.3% second- and third-year students, respectively. Most (58.3%) had 5-10 years' work experience. The CBI personal scale had the highest median value (58.3; interquartile range [IQR]: 43.3; 70.8) with 70% scoring ≥ 50. The median score for resilience was 78 of 100 (IQR: 69; 84). There were weak negative correlations between resilience and burnout scores (r = -0.31 to r = -0.37). Planning, positive reframing and acceptance were the most frequently used adaptive coping mechanisms; self-distraction was the most frequently used maladaptive coping mechanism. There was no association between gender and burnout and resilience scores. CONCLUSION Registrars were resilient with low levels of patient- and work-related burnout, and higher personal burnout, using mostly positive coping strategies.Contribution: This study gives insight into the well-being of registrars at the UFS during COVID-19. Continuous monitoring and support for this population are essential to foster mental health and well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynette J Van der Merwe
- Division of Health Sciences Education, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein.
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Fichardt AE, Janse Van Vuuren C, van der Merwe L. Psychological well-being, stressors, coping strategies and support of undergraduate healthcare students amid COVID-19. Health SA 2023; 28:2340. [PMID: 38204860 PMCID: PMC10778374 DOI: 10.4102/hsag.v28i0.2340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Students function better academically when psychologically well. The COVID-19 pandemic proved a new challenge to the mental wellness of undergraduate healthcare students. Students were not only faced with academic changes but also had to complete clinical practice in healthcare facilities amid the COVID-19 pandemic. Aim This study investigated the psychological well-being, stressors, coping strategies and support of undergraduate healthcare students amid COVID-19. Setting A South African university's faculty of health sciences. Methods A survey design through a cross-sectional descriptive approach was used to collect data from the population of 1529 undergraduate healthcare students. One hundred and ninety-six (n = 196) students responded to the online survey. Results Participants reported a variety of stressors influencing their psychological well-being. Participants chose mostly adaptive coping strategies to deal with stressors. They gave feedback on the support they received from the faculty and institution. Most of the participants indicated they prefer weekly online communication from the higher education institution. Conclusion The COVID-19 pandemic influenced the psychological well-being of undergraduate healthcare students. The psychological well-being of these students is a collective responsibility between students and higher education institutions to enable academic success and positive patient outcomes. Contribution This study found that undergraduate healthcare students had academic, psychological, financial and other stressors during the COVID-19 pandemic. Higher education institutions, especially those involved in training undergraduate healthcare professionals, in collaboration with students, need to provide students with targeted continued support and training to use healthy coping behaviours to manage various stressors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annali E Fichardt
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa
| | - Corlia Janse Van Vuuren
- Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa
| | - Lynette van der Merwe
- Division Health Sciences Education, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa
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Grummitt L, Kelly EV, Newton NC, Stapinski L, Lawler S, Prior K, Barrett EL. Self-compassion and avoidant coping as mediators of the relationship between childhood maltreatment and mental health and alcohol use in young adulthood. CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT 2023:106534. [PMID: 37945423 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2023.106534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to childhood maltreatment increases the risk of mental health and substance use problems. Understanding the mechanisms linking maltreatment to these problems is critical for prevention. OBJECTIVE To examine whether self-compassion and avoidant coping mediate the relationship between childhood maltreatment and mental ill-health and alcohol use. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING Australians aged 18-20 years at baseline were recruited through social media and professional networks. METHODS Participants (n = 568) completed an online survey, and were followed up annually for two subsequent surveys. Mediation models were conducted with the SPSS PROCESS macro. Maltreatment was the predictor; Wave 2 self-compassion and avoidant coping as mediators; Wave 3 mental health and alcohol use as outcomes. RESULTS Childhood maltreatment predicted greater mental health symptoms (b = 0.253, 95 % CI = 0.128-0.378), and alcohol use (b = 0.057, 95 % CI = 0.008-0.107). Both self-compassion (b = 0.056, 95 % CI = 0.019-0.093) and avoidant coping (b = 0.103, 95 % CI = 0.024-0.181) mediated the relationship between maltreatment and mental health. Additionally, avoidant coping, but not self-compassion, mediated the relationship (b = 0.040, 95 % CI 0.020-0.061) with alcohol use. However, when controlling for pre-existing mental health and substance use, neither self-compassion nor avoidant coping mediated the relationship with mental health. Only avoidant coping mediated the link with alcohol use (b = 0.010, 95 % CI = 0.001-0.020). CONCLUSIONS Findings suggests that by adulthood, self-compassion and avoidant coping may not explain future change in mental health symptoms; however, avoidant coping accounts for change in alcohol use across early adulthood. Reducing avoidant coping may prevent hazardous alcohol use across young adulthood among people exposed to childhood maltreatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucinda Grummitt
- The Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, The University of Sydney, Camperdown 2006, NSW, Australia.
| | - Erin V Kelly
- The Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, The University of Sydney, Camperdown 2006, NSW, Australia.
| | - Nicola C Newton
- The Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, The University of Sydney, Camperdown 2006, NSW, Australia.
| | - Lexine Stapinski
- The Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, The University of Sydney, Camperdown 2006, NSW, Australia.
| | - Siobhan Lawler
- The Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, The University of Sydney, Camperdown 2006, NSW, Australia.
| | - Katrina Prior
- The Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, The University of Sydney, Camperdown 2006, NSW, Australia.
| | - Emma L Barrett
- The Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, The University of Sydney, Camperdown 2006, NSW, Australia.
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Ali A, Kumar S. Indian Healthcare Workers' Issues, Challenges, and Coping Strategies during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:3661. [PMID: 36834354 PMCID: PMC9964157 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20043661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
India faced the maximum number of mortalities and morbidities during the second wave of COVID-19. Healthcare workers (HCWs) worked in high-pressure and stressful environments. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the common issues, challenges, and coping strategies of HCWs, as well as the statistical association between demographical characteristics and coping strategies. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 759 HCWs, involving simple, random sampling in Rajasthan, India, between August 2022 and October 2022. Participants responded to a self-administered questionnaire that included a Brief-COPE inventory. The statistical association between commonly adopted coping strategies and demographic characteristics was tested using the chi-square test and Fisher's exact test. A total of 669 (88%) respondents agreed that they faced issues during the COVID-19 pandemic: 721 (95%) participants experienced challenges at the personal level, 716 (94%) at the organizational level, and 557 (74%) at the societal level. Problem-focused coping strategies were frequently adopted by the participants. Gender, marital status, education, hours of work per day, and residential area were significantly associated with a problem-focused coping strategy (p < 0.05). The findings of this study reported a limited use of coping strategies by the participants during the public health crisis, despite facing issues and challenges at work. These findings highlight the need to assist HCWs in developing coping mechanisms to maintain good mental health at work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anahita Ali
- Faculty of Public Health, Poornima University, Jaipur 303905, India
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Kadi M, Bourion-Bédès S, Bisch M, Baumann C. A Structural Validation of the Brief COPE Scale among Outpatients with Alcohol and Opioid Use Disorders. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:2695. [PMID: 36768059 PMCID: PMC9916298 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20032695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Recovery from substance use disorder requires access to effective coping resources. The most widely self-reported questionnaire used to assess coping responses is the Brief COPE; however, different factorial structures were found in a variety of samples. This study aimed to examine across outpatients with substance use disorders the factor structure of the short dispositional French version of the Brief Coping Orientation to Problem Experienced (COPE) inventory. The French version of the Brief COPE was administered in a sample of 318 outpatients with alcohol or opioid substance use disorder. A clustering analysis on latent variables (CLV) followed by a confirmatory factorial analysis (CFA) was conducted to examine the factor structure of the scale. The internal consistency of the Brief COPE and its subscales were also studied. The analysis revealed a nine-factor structure with a revised 24-item version consisting of functional strategies (four items), problem-solving (four items), denial (two items), substance use (two items), social support seeking (four items), behavioral disengagement (two items), religion (two items), blame (two items), and humor (two items) that demonstrated a good fit to the data. This model explained 53% of the total variance with an overall McDonald's omega (ω) of 0.96 for the revised scale. The present work offers a robust and valid nine-factor structure for assessing coping strategies in French outpatients with opioid or alcohol substance use disorder. This structure tends to simplify its use and interpretation of results for both clinicians and researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Kadi
- UR4360 APEMAC, Health Adjustment, Measurement and Assessment, Interdisciplinary Approaches, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lorraine, 54000 Nancy, France
| | - Stéphanie Bourion-Bédès
- UR4360 APEMAC, Health Adjustment, Measurement and Assessment, Interdisciplinary Approaches, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lorraine, 54000 Nancy, France
- Versailles Hospital, University Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 78157 Versailles-Le-Chesnay, France
| | - Michael Bisch
- Health Care Centre of Accompaniment and Prevention in Addictology (CSAPA), 54520 Laxou, France
| | - Cédric Baumann
- UR4360 APEMAC, Health Adjustment, Measurement and Assessment, Interdisciplinary Approaches, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lorraine, 54000 Nancy, France
- Methodology, Data Management and Statistics Unit, University Hospital of Nancy, 54000 Nancy, France
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Yang HM, Kim HR. Mediation Effect of Maladaptive Coping between Work-to-Family Conflict and Cardiovascular Health Behaviors. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:14121. [PMID: 36360999 PMCID: PMC9656550 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192114121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Work-to-family conflicts (WFC), an aggravating factor of stress, may affect cardiovascular health. However, the link between WFC and cardiovascular health behaviors is not fully defined. This study intends to identify the mediating effect of coping strategy on the relation between WFC with cardiovascular health behaviors, such as smoking, stress management, increased physical activity, and healthy diet habits. The study is a cross-sectional online survey with 358 call center counselors. We adopted a linear regression to confirm the relationship between WFC, coping strategy, and cardiovascular health behavior, which are the main variables of the study. Maladaptive coping partially mediated the relationship between WFC and cardiovascular health behavior. Based on the results, we insist that a support system to reduce WFC is necessary, as well as increasing the availability of resources and policies to reduce WFC in the workplace and find ways to improve maladaptive coping to promote healthy behaviors of call center workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hwa-Mi Yang
- Department of Nursing, Daejin University, Pocheon-si 11159, Korea
| | - Hye-Ryoung Kim
- College of Nursing, ShinHan University, 30, Beolmadeul-ro 40beon-gil, Dongducheon-si 11340, Korea
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Rodrigues F, Figueiredo N, Rodrigues J, Ferreira R, Hernández-Mendo A, Monteiro D. A Comprehensive Review and Bifactor Modeling Analysis of the Brief COPE. INQUIRY : A JOURNAL OF MEDICAL CARE ORGANIZATION, PROVISION AND FINANCING 2022; 59:469580221108127. [PMID: 36305610 PMCID: PMC9619253 DOI: 10.1177/00469580221108127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The Brief COPE is a measure of coping strategies that contains 14 factors. The purpose of this research was twofold: (a) examine the psychometric proprieties of the Brief Cope in previous studies; and (b) perform Confirmatory Factor Analyses (CFA) with second-order model and bifactor model specifications that could be used to assess the best model that represents the 14 coping strategies inherent to the instrument. In order to meet the first objective, a bibliographic review of published peer-reviewed studies between 1997 and 2021 was conducted. Results from the review identified 50 studies, of which 21 used exploratory factor analysis, 28 CFA and one study test-retest analysis. Seventeen studies used the entire correlated 14-factor structure. However, only 11 studies conducted a CFA. For the second objective, a sample of 472 working class individuals (female = 278) with a mean work experience of 19.06 years (SD = 11,92) were recruited. We tested several model specifications, convergent and discriminant validity analysis. We found the correlated 14-factor structure of the Brief COPE to have good psychometric properties. The second-order and bifactor model specifications displayed poor fit or did not converge, respectively. The measure showed good convergent and discriminant validity, and the subscales showed adequate internal consistency. We provide further validity and reliability of the correlated 14-factor structure, evidencing that this measure can assess coping mechanisms. Second-order model specifications need further testing and empirical evidence to support such hierarchical categorization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filipe Rodrigues
- ESECS – Polytechnique of Leiria, Leiria, Portugal,Life Quality Research Centre, Rio Maior, Portugal
| | - Nuno Figueiredo
- ESECS – Polytechnique of Leiria, Leiria, Portugal,Nuno Figueiredo, Instituto Politécnico de Leiria Escola Superior de Educação e Ciências Sociais, Rua Dr. João Soares, Apartado 4045, Leiria 2411-901, Portugal.
| | - José Rodrigues
- Life Quality Research Centre, Rio Maior, Portugal,Sport Science School of Rio Maior – Polytechnique Institute of Santarém (ESDRM-IPSantarém), Rio Maior, Portugal
| | - Regina Ferreira
- Life Quality Research Centre, Rio Maior, Portugal,Health Science School – Polytechnique Institute of Santarém, Santarém, Portugal
| | | | - Diogo Monteiro
- ESECS – Polytechnique of Leiria, Leiria, Portugal,Life Quality Research Centre, Rio Maior, Portugal,Research Center in Sport, Health and Human Development, Vila Real, Portugal
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Tee KR, Ismail AS, Ang YH, Hishamuddin HH, Paul VJ, Aizuddin AN, Zaini IZ. Prevalence of Anxiety and Burnout, and Coping Mechanisms among Clinical Year Medical Undergraduate Students in Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Amidst the COVID-19 Pandemic. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph192013010. [PMID: 36293589 PMCID: PMC9603345 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192013010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the prevalence of anxiety and burnout, and the coping mechanisms among clinical year undergraduate medical students in Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM) during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. In total, 378 clinical year undergraduate medical students in UKM participated in this cross-sectional study from May to July 2021. A self-administered questionnaire consisting of questions on the participant's sociodemographic data and items from the DASS-21, CBI, and Brief-COPE was distributed. Chi-square and Spearman's correlation tests were used to calculate the correlation coefficient between both anxiety and burnout, and coping mechanisms. The prevalence of anxiety and burnout were 44.2% and 22.2%, respectively. There was a significant difference in the percentage of students with extremely severe anxiety in the presence and absence of burnout, 23.8% vs. 4.8% (p < 0.001). Among the three coping mechanisms, avoidant coping had a significant positive moderate correlation with both the presence of anxiety (r = 0.3966, p < 0.001) and the presence of burnout (r = 0.341, p < 0.001). Meanwhile, coping that was neither approach nor avoidant had a positive weak correlation with the presence of burnout (r = 0.176, p = 0.001). The prevalence of anxiety and burnout was concerning. Increased anxiety and burnout among students may negatively impact aspects of their personal, professional, and academic lives. Early recognition and preventive measures should be emphasised to prevent negative ramifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Ran Tee
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Abdul Samat Ismail
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Yong Heng Ang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Hidayah Husna Hishamuddin
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Vinneeshah Jacob Paul
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Azimatun Noor Aizuddin
- Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Ida Zarina Zaini
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +60-391455491
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Bani-Issa W, Radwan H, Al Shujairi A, Hijazi H, Al Abdi RM, Al Awar S, Saqan R, Alameddine M, Ibrahim A, Rahman HA, Naing L. Salivary cortisol, perceived stress and coping strategies: A comparative study of working and nonworking women. J Nurs Manag 2022; 30:3553-3567. [PMID: 35666587 DOI: 10.1111/jonm.13697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AIMS This study investigated stress levels and coping strategies among working and nonworking women in the United Arab Emirates. BACKGROUND Stress levels in working and nonworking women have previously been studied, but few studies used cortisol to measure stress or examined how coping strategies affect stress levels. METHODS We employed a cross-sectional design with a convenience sample of women aged 20-65 years. Information on women's sociodemographic characteristics, perceived stress (using the Perceived Stress Scale) and coping strategies (using the Brief-COPE) was collected. Participants' morning (07:00-08:00) and evening (19:00-20:00) cortisol levels were measured using unstimulated saliva samples. RESULTS In total, 417 working and 403 nonworking women participated in this study. More nonworking women reported high stress levels than working women (14.1% vs. 4.1%, p = .001). Working women reported more use of informational support and venting to cope with stress compared with nonworking women (94.0% vs. 88.1%, p = .001). More nonworking women had impaired morning (<0.094 mg/dl) and evening (>0.359 mg/dl) cortisol compared with working women (58.1% vs. 28.5% and 41.7% vs. 18.0%, respectively). Compared with working women, nonworking women had 3.25 (95%CI: 2.38, 4.47) and 3.78 (95%CI: 2.65, 5.43) times the odds of impaired morning and evening cortisol, respectively. CONCLUSION Nonworking women exhibited higher levels of stress than working women. There is an urgent need to support nonworking women to manage stress through appropriate awareness campaigns and public health policies. IMPLICATIONS FOR MANAGEMENT Policymakers and community leaders should consider the mental health of nonworking women as a priority in planning public health policies and programmes. Nurse managers must have a voice in reforming public health policy to support early assessment and management of stress among nonworking women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wegdan Bani-Issa
- Department of Nursing, College of Health Sciences, Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Hadia Radwan
- College of Health Sciences, Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Arwa Al Shujairi
- Medical Affair Department, GSK Gulf, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Heba Hijazi
- Department of Health Services Administration, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.,Department of Health Management and Policy, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Rabah M Al Abdi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Shamsa Al Awar
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Roba Saqan
- Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohamad Alameddine
- Department of Health Services Administration, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ali Ibrahim
- Marketing Department, American University in the Emirates, United Arab Emirates.,Marketing Department, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Hanif Abdul Rahman
- PAPRSB Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei.,University of Michigan School of Nursing, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Lin Naing
- PAPRSB Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei
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Zhao J, Chapman E, Houghton S, Lawrence D. Development and Validation of a Coping Strategies Scale for Use in Chinese Contexts. Front Psychol 2022; 13:845769. [PMID: 35401354 PMCID: PMC8984612 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.845769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Individuals’ coping strategies have a profound effect on how well they respond to negative life events. Despite this, most coping strategies instruments that are available currently have been developed exclusively in Western contexts. In the present study, a Coping Strategies Scale (CSS) for use with Chinese participants was developed and validated based on responses from 734 Chinese university students (334 male, 399 female, 1 other). Results supported a seven-factor structure for the CSS, which included the dimensions of Withdrawal, Positive Adaptation, Problem-solving, Disengagement, Prosocial Focus, Seeking Emotional Support, and Self-regulation. The results supported the validity of the seven-factor CSS in terms of its content, associated response processes, internal structure, and relationships with other variables. Based on these results, the CSS provides a psychometrically sound instrument for assessing the coping strategies used by Chinese adults in confronting potentially adverse psychological events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhao
- Graduate School of Education, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Elaine Chapman
- Graduate School of Education, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Stephen Houghton
- Graduate School of Education, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - David Lawrence
- Graduate School of Education, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
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Meyer C, El-Haj-Mohamad R, Stammel N, Lotzin A, Schäfer I, Knaevelsrud C, Böttche M. Associations of Depressive Symptoms, COVID-19-Related Stressors, and Coping Strategies. A Comparison Between Cities and Towns in Germany. Front Psychiatry 2022; 12:791312. [PMID: 35153860 PMCID: PMC8828998 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.791312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic has led to a wide range of stressors related to depressive symptoms. Prevention measures like physical distancing have burdened the general population, especially in highly urbanized areas. However, little is known about the associations between pandemic-related stressors, coping strategies, and depressive symptoms in highly urbanized vs. less urbanized environments. METHODS Participants were recruited in a cross-sectional online survey in Germany. Propensity score matching yielded a matched sample of city (n = 453) and town (n = 453) inhabitants. Depressive symptoms, COVID-19-related stressors, and coping strategies were compared between cities and towns. Multiple regression analysis was performed to determine associations between pandemic-related stressors and depressive symptoms for the two groups separately. RESULTS City inhabitants showed significantly higher depression scores than town inhabitants (t = 2.11, df = 897.95, p = 0.035). Seven coping strategies were more often used by the city sample. Depressive symptoms were associated with "restricted physical social contact" and "difficult housing conditions" (adjusted R 2= 0.19, F [9,443] = 12.52, p < 0.001) in city inhabitants, and with "fear of infection" and "difficult housing conditions" (adjusted R 2= 0.20, F [9,443] = 13.50, p < 0.001) in town inhabitants. LIMITATIONS The data were collected at the end of the first wave and represent a snapshot without causal inferences. Pandemic-related stressors were measured with a newly developed scale. CONCLUSION Depressive symptoms, perceived stressors, and approach/avoidance coping strategies differed between city vs. town inhabitants. These differences should be considered in policy-making and mental health care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Meyer
- Department of Clinical Psychological Intervention, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Rayan El-Haj-Mohamad
- Department of Clinical Psychological Intervention, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Research Department, Center ÜBERLEBEN, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nadine Stammel
- Department of Clinical Psychological Intervention, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Research Department, Center ÜBERLEBEN, Berlin, Germany
| | - Annett Lotzin
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ingo Schäfer
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christine Knaevelsrud
- Department of Clinical Psychological Intervention, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Maria Böttche
- Department of Clinical Psychological Intervention, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Research Department, Center ÜBERLEBEN, Berlin, Germany
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