1
|
Xin C, Song X, Wang S, Cui X, Ding N, Wen D. Assessing professional behaviors: a self-administered scale for medical students during clerkships. BMC MEDICAL EDUCATION 2024; 24:692. [PMID: 38926701 PMCID: PMC11200818 DOI: 10.1186/s12909-024-05676-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Medical professionalism is a core competency for medical students during clerkships for further professional development. Given that the behavior-based framework could provide clear insight and is easy to assess, the study aimed to create a self-administered scale to measure the professional behaviors of medical students during their clerkships. METHODS A comprehensive literature review on medical professional behaviors in English or Chinese and Delphi interviews were used to develop the initial version of the Self-Administered Scale for Professional Behavior of Medical Students During Clerkships. The reliability and validity analysis based on a survey of medical students from China, Cronbach's α calculations, and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) specifically were conducted to finalize the scale. The associations of professional behaviors with gender, medical programs, and clerkship duration were examined using Wilcoxon rank-sum tests. RESULTS We included 121 studies and extracted 57 medical professionalism assessment tools, initially forming a pool of 48 items. To refine these items, eighteen experts participated in two rounds of Delphi interviews, ultimately narrowing down the item pool to 24 items. A total of 492 participants effectively completed the questionnaire. One item was removed due to its correlated item-total correlation (CITC) value, resulting in a final scale containing 23 items with six domains: Respect, Altruism, Communication and Collaboration, Integrity, Duty, and Excellence. The overall Cronbach's alpha value was 0.98, ranging from 0.88 to 0.95 for each domain. The fit indices (χ2/df = 4.07, CFI = 0.96, TLI = 0.95, RMSEA = 0.08, and SRMR = 0.02) signified a good fit for the six-domain model. Medical students' professional behavior was significantly associated with gender (p = 0.03) and clerkship duration (p = 0.001). CONCLUSION The scale was demonstrated to be reliable and valid in assessing the professional behaviors of Chinese medical students during clerkships.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chunyu Xin
- Institute of Health Professions Education Assessment and Reform, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Xinzhi Song
- Institute of Health Professions Education Assessment and Reform, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Simeng Wang
- Institute of Health Professions Education Assessment and Reform, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Xuemei Cui
- Institute of Health Professions Education Assessment and Reform, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Ning Ding
- Institute of Health Professions Education Assessment and Reform, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning Province, China.
| | - Deliang Wen
- Institute of Health Professions Education Assessment and Reform, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning Province, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ahmad QA, Mahboob U, Khan RA, Waheed K, Fahim A. Factors necessary for entrustment decision-making in surgical operating rooms: A modified Delphi study. J Taibah Univ Med Sci 2024; 19:611-618. [PMID: 38800351 PMCID: PMC11126524 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtumed.2024.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Resident autonomy in an operation theatre has been directly linked with patient safety in healthcare. The objective of this study was to identify the factors necessary for making resident-entrustment decisions from the perspective of a supervisor/consultant viewpoint. The second objective was to develop a checklist for assessing resident readiness for independent work. Materials and methods This study employed a mixed-method Delphi approach. In the first stage, a comprehensive literature review and a qualitative exploratory study produced a list of factors related to residents. The second phase involved content validation by a panel of experts, followed by a two-round Delphi study with 20 expert panelists. Results A total of 49 resident-related factors for entrustment were identified, which were reduced to 46 after content validation. During Delphi Round I, 17 factors were fully accepted, 7 were rejected and 22 items were partially accepted. Out of the 39 items sent to Delphi Round II, 23 items were accepted and 16 were rejected. A final 23-item checklist was formed based on the following factors; 6 Cognitive (knowledgeable, risk manager, safe doctor, general manager, field of interest, communicator), 5 Psychomotor (past performer, competent, ability to pick critical findings, ability to act situationally, decision maker) and 12 affective (responsible, leader, honest, empathetic, ethical, receptive, humble, emotionally intelligent, motivated, accountable, team player, disciplined) factors. Conclusion The study resulted in the formation of a checklist based on the factors necessary for entrustment decision-making in surgical operating rooms. Some of the novel contextual factors were 'general manager', 'field of interest', 'ability to pick critical findings', 'accountable', 'risk manager', and 'past performer'. This framework offers a guideline for supervisors and residents to evaluate progress throughout the residency program. The developed tool demonstrates good content validity and is suitable for entrustment assessment following construct validation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qamar A. Ahmad
- Department of Medical Education, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
- Department of Surgery, Post Graduate Medical Institute, Ameer-u-din Medical College Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Usman Mahboob
- Department of Medical Education, Institute of Health Professions Education & Research, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Rehan A. Khan
- Department of Medical Education, Islamic International Medical College, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Khadija Waheed
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, King Edward Medical University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ayesha Fahim
- Department of Oral Biology, University College of Dentistry, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
- Department of Health Sciences, The Equator University of Science and Technology, Uganda
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Nka AD, Bouba Y, Fokam J, Ka'e AC, Gabisa JE, Mandeng N, Mfonkou DJT, Ambe CC, Mballa Mpouel ML, Djikeussi T, Tchounga BK, Ayuk Ngwese DT, Njume D, Mbala Nomo SE, Ngoufack Jagni Semengue E, Tiotsia Tsapi A, Fokou BB, Simo Kamdem IK, Tommo Tchouaket MC, Takou D, Pabo W, Sosso SM, Tandi E, Esso L, Etoundi Mballa GA, Zoung-Kanyi Bissek AC, Gregory Edie HE, Ndembi N, Colizzi V, Perno CF, Ndjolo A. Current knowledge of human Mpox viral infection among healthcare workers in Cameroon calls for capacity-strengthening for pandemic preparedness. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1288139. [PMID: 38532968 PMCID: PMC10963399 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1288139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction An increased incidence of human Monkeypox (Mpox) cases was recently observed worldwide, including in Cameroon. To ensure efficient preparedness and interventions in the health system, we sought to assess the knowledge of Mpox's transmission, prevention, and response among healthcare workers (HCWs) in Cameroon. Methods A cross-sectional online survey was conducted among HCWs in Cameroon using 21-item questions adapted from the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (US-CDC) standard questionnaire on Mpox. The overall knowledge of Mpox was assessed by cumulative score and categorized as excellent (≥80%, 17/21) or good (≥70%, ≥15/21) knowledge. The regression analysis was used to identify the predictors of Mpox knowledge. Results The survey enrolled 377 participants, but only responses from 342 participants were analyzed. Overall, 50.6% were female participants, and 59.6% aged 30 years or younger. The majority of the participants were medical doctors (50.3%); most worked in central-level hospitals (25.1%) and had 1-5 years of experience (70.7%). A total of up to 92.7% were aware of Mpox, with social media (58.7%) and radio/television (49.2%) as the main sources. The mean knowledge score was 14.0 ± 3.0 (4 to 20), with only 12.9% having excellent knowledge (≥80%) and 42.1% having good knowledge of Mpox. Younger age (26-30 years old) was associated with good knowledge, while workplace type was associated with excellent knowledge of Mpox (aOR [95% CI]: 4.01 [1.43-11.24]). Knowledge of treatment/management of Mpox was generally poor across the different professional categories. Conclusion Knowledge of Mpox among HCWs is substandard across different professionals. Thus, for optimal preparedness and immediate interventions for Mpox and similar emerging pathogens, capacity-strengthening programs should be organized for HCWs while encouraging scientific literature and organizational social media websites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alex Durand Nka
- Chantal BIYA International Reference Centre for Research on HIV/AIDS Prevention and Management (CIRCB) Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy
- Faculty of Sciences and Technologies, Evangelical University of Cameroon, Bandjoun, Cameroon
| | - Yagai Bouba
- Chantal BIYA International Reference Centre for Research on HIV/AIDS Prevention and Management (CIRCB) Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Faculty of Medicine, UniCamillus - Saint Camillus International University of Health Sciences, Rome, Italy
- National AIDS Control Committee, Central Technical Group, Ministry of Public Health, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Joseph Fokam
- Chantal BIYA International Reference Centre for Research on HIV/AIDS Prevention and Management (CIRCB) Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon
- National Public Health Emergency Operations Coordination Centre, Ministry of Public Health, Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Aude Christelle Ka'e
- Chantal BIYA International Reference Centre for Research on HIV/AIDS Prevention and Management (CIRCB) Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy
| | - Jeremiah Efakika Gabisa
- Chantal BIYA International Reference Centre for Research on HIV/AIDS Prevention and Management (CIRCB) Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Department of Health Biotechnology, Fobang Institutes for Innovations in Science and Technology, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Nadia Mandeng
- National Public Health Emergency Operations Coordination Centre, Ministry of Public Health, Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Bamenda, Bamenda, Cameroon
| | | | - Chenwi Collins Ambe
- Chantal BIYA International Reference Centre for Research on HIV/AIDS Prevention and Management (CIRCB) Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy
| | - Marie-Laure Mballa Mpouel
- Chantal BIYA International Reference Centre for Research on HIV/AIDS Prevention and Management (CIRCB) Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Tatiana Djikeussi
- Elisabeth Glaser Peadiatric AIDS Foundation (EGPAF), Douala, Cameroon
| | | | - Derrick Tambe Ayuk Ngwese
- Chantal BIYA International Reference Centre for Research on HIV/AIDS Prevention and Management (CIRCB) Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Department of Health Biotechnology, Fobang Institutes for Innovations in Science and Technology, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Debimeh Njume
- Chantal BIYA International Reference Centre for Research on HIV/AIDS Prevention and Management (CIRCB) Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | | | - Ezechiel Ngoufack Jagni Semengue
- Chantal BIYA International Reference Centre for Research on HIV/AIDS Prevention and Management (CIRCB) Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy
- Faculty of Sciences and Technologies, Evangelical University of Cameroon, Bandjoun, Cameroon
| | - Armand Tiotsia Tsapi
- Faculty of Sciences and Technologies, Evangelical University of Cameroon, Bandjoun, Cameroon
| | | | | | - Michel Carlos Tommo Tchouaket
- Chantal BIYA International Reference Centre for Research on HIV/AIDS Prevention and Management (CIRCB) Yaoundé, Cameroon
- School of Health Sciences, Catholic University of Central Africa, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Désiré Takou
- Chantal BIYA International Reference Centre for Research on HIV/AIDS Prevention and Management (CIRCB) Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Willy Pabo
- Chantal BIYA International Reference Centre for Research on HIV/AIDS Prevention and Management (CIRCB) Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Faculty of Sciences, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Samuel Martin Sosso
- Chantal BIYA International Reference Centre for Research on HIV/AIDS Prevention and Management (CIRCB) Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Erick Tandi
- National Public Health Emergency Operations Coordination Centre, Ministry of Public Health, Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Department of Disease, Epidemics, and Pandemics Control, Ministry of Public Health, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Linda Esso
- National Public Health Emergency Operations Coordination Centre, Ministry of Public Health, Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Department of Disease, Epidemics, and Pandemics Control, Ministry of Public Health, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Georges Alain Etoundi Mballa
- National Public Health Emergency Operations Coordination Centre, Ministry of Public Health, Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Department of Disease, Epidemics, and Pandemics Control, Ministry of Public Health, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | | | | | - Nicaise Ndembi
- Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Vittorio Colizzi
- Chantal BIYA International Reference Centre for Research on HIV/AIDS Prevention and Management (CIRCB) Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy
- Faculty of Sciences and Technologies, Evangelical University of Cameroon, Bandjoun, Cameroon
| | - Carlo-Federico Perno
- Chantal BIYA International Reference Centre for Research on HIV/AIDS Prevention and Management (CIRCB) Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Microbiology, IRCSS Bambino Gesu' Pediatric Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Alexis Ndjolo
- Chantal BIYA International Reference Centre for Research on HIV/AIDS Prevention and Management (CIRCB) Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Bashir A, McTaggart IJ, Tufail S, Mustafa N, Rauf A. Negative faculty role modelling - is it a reflection of deteriorating societal values? MEDICAL TEACHER 2024:1-7. [PMID: 38306677 DOI: 10.1080/0142159x.2024.2306844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Negative faculty role modelling is an area of growing concern especially due to its implications on medical professionalism. The study aims to explore the impacts of negative role modelling on professionalism of medical students in the context of Pakistan. METHODS This qualitative study is part of a larger study exploring impacts of role modelling on professionalism of students. It is based on Constructivist Grounded Theory involving six semi-structured interviews with clinical faculty and three focus group discussions with 22 students. Initial, focused, selective coding and thematic analysis was used to find the core category. RESULTS Three overarching categories were developed: traits observed with negative role models; impact of negative role modelling; factors promoting negative role modelling. Subcategories of impacts included negative impact on professionalism, emotional impact, and its paradoxical positive impact. Negative role modelling, a manifestation of declining professionalism, was attributed to deteriorating societal values; further compounded by the lack of required mechanisms by institutions and the regulatory authority at their respective levels. CONCLUSIONS In the absence of a strong moral platform at societal level, the burden of responsibility rests with the faculty and more importantly with institutions and regulatory bodies to discourage negative role modelling and educate students to recognize, reflect on and avoid negative behaviours and adopt strong professional values.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adeela Bashir
- Department of Health Professions Education, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | | | - Shazia Tufail
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, CMH Lahore Medical College, National University of Medical Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Nilofar Mustafa
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, CMH Lahore Medical College, National University of Medical Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ayesha Rauf
- Department of Health Professions Education, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Mumtaz H, Hafeez MH, Bhatti IH, Sahar T, Khan ZA, Butt Z, Akhtar S, Ali A. A dilemma of patients: poor quality administration of tertiary care hospitals: a cross-sectional study. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2023; 85:5879-5884. [PMID: 38098547 PMCID: PMC10718321 DOI: 10.1097/ms9.0000000000001106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The study focuses on healthcare delivery standards in Pakistan's tertiary care hospitals. Poor accountability and a lack of financial and human resources are the main contributing factors to a hospital's substandard performance and low patient satisfaction rates. Feedback surveillance forms are the Achilles tendon in the quality improvement of a facility, and this practice is, unfortunately, not widely practiced in the hospitals of Pakistan. Through this paper and experience, the authors hope to shed light on the need for regular feedback surveys and implementing their results to improve healthcare quality. Settings and Design A prospective, observational study of seven tertiary care hospitals in Pakistan. Materials and Methods The data was collected using a survey form. Each survey form was filled out by a team comprising three public health professionals who observed the hospital and its functioning without interfering with its workings. The questionnaire was developed with the help of Tools for Assessing the Operationality of District Health Systems: Health Facility Questionnaire designated in the respective facilities. The analysis was then draughted as a qualitative narrative review. Finally, the review was broken down into an assessment of the hospital's outpatient clinic setting, inpatient department, emergency department and other departments. Results The survey was conducted at seven public sector hospitals in three major cities of Pakistan. The survey focused on administrative and nonmedical parameters of healthcare facilities. Overall, the hospitals of Lahore and Islamabad lacked mass casualty apparatus and cleanliness, and staff behaviour can be improved. The hospitals in Rawalpindi have mass casualty apparatuses in place. However, they need improvement in accessibility services and hygiene and staff attitude. Conclusions The survey showed that all the hospitals had good access and accessibility, and the directions were clearly marked for the visitors. The hospital staff is knowledgeable about the hospital, but their behaviour needs to be improved. Also, the quality of the cleanliness and waiting areas is fair but needs improvements. Finally, regular cheques via regular feedback and quality assessments can improve healthcare delivery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Mumtaz
- Maroof International Hospital
- Health Services Academy
| | | | | | - Tooba Sahar
- Cardiology Department, Shifa International Hospital, Islamabad
| | - Zohaib A. Khan
- Shaikh Khalifa Bin Zayed Al Nahyan Medical and Dental College
| | - Zeelaf Butt
- Shaikh Khalifa Bin Zayed Al Nahyan Medical and Dental College
| | - Samaa Akhtar
- The Children’s Heart Hospital and Research Institute, Lahore
| | - Ayaz Ali
- Institute of Psychiatry, Rawalpindi Medical University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zakaria M, Martins RS, Khan MU, Fatimi AS, Maqbool B, Fatimi SH. Operating Ethically: A Review of Surgical Ethics in Pakistan and Recommendations for the Way Forward. Cureus 2023; 15:e46789. [PMID: 37954730 PMCID: PMC10632743 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.46789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Medical ethics underpin the moral framework that delineates the professional relationship between physicians and their patients and thereby is an integral part of making patient-centric healthcare decisions. The concept of ethics is deeply embedded in the field of surgery as surgeons confront a myriad of dilemmas as a part of their routine, whether it be in a preoperative or postoperative environment. The current review aims to describe the state of surgical ethics in Pakistan, with the intent of encouraging dialogues about the ethical considerations relevant to the field surgery that will identify actionable areas for improvement. While most surgeons are aware of the traditional principles of ethics and their practice, their surgical and clinical decisions may fall short of these standards because of time constraints and prevailing cultural and religious beliefs and taboos. The rigorous application of ethical principles in areas of patient-related communication, such as consenting, trainee education, palliative and end-of-life care, and surgical innovation and research, will have significant implications for patients, surgeons, and society. Our review has identified the lack of formal bioethics education and insufficient oversight and ethical regulations to be at the core of inadequate ethical practices in Pakistan and has highlighted actionable areas to be addressed in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maheen Zakaria
- Medical College, Aga Khan University Medical College, Karachi, PAK
| | | | | | | | - Baila Maqbool
- Department of Acute Care Surgery, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Mustafa M, Terair S, Al Ageeli E, Gohal G, Salih S. What are the Attitudes of Medical Students at Jazan University Toward Professionalism? ADVANCES IN MEDICAL EDUCATION AND PRACTICE 2023; 14:343-354. [PMID: 37057076 PMCID: PMC10089272 DOI: 10.2147/amep.s399888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE We assessed the attitudes of Jazan University medical students toward professionalism and evaluated the associations of those attitudes with demographic factors. MATERIALS AND METHODS Seven hundred ninety-seven respondents (88.85% response rate) out of 898 students who were invited to this study (50.7% were men and 49.3% were women) were studied by their response to the Learner's Attitude of Medical Professionalism Scale (LAMPS) that assess their level of agreement with 28 items, each reflecting a single professionalism competency within the subscales of Altruism, Excellence, Duty/Accountability, Honor/Integrity, and Respect for Others. RESULTS Of 797 respondents (88.85% response rate), 50.7% were men and 49.3% were women. Subscales with high agreement scores were Excellence (median, 21.0; range, 6-30) and Duty/Accountability (median, 21.0; range, 7-35). Subscales with slightly lower agreement scores were Respect for Others (median, 15.0; range, 5-25), Altruism (median, 15.0; range, 5-25), and Honor/Integrity (median, 12.0; range, 5-25). No sex differences were observed for most subscales; however, men gave higher agreement scores on the Excellence subscale, and compared with year 3 respondents (preclinical phase), year 6 respondents (clinical phase) gave higher agreement scores on the Excellence, Altruism, and Respect for Others subscales. CONCLUSION Overall, medical students at Jazan University indicated high agreement with all attitudes to professionalism subscales on the LAMPS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mai Mustafa
- Pediatric Department, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Medical Education Department, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Salaheldin Terair
- Medical Education Department, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Essam Al Ageeli
- Cinical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Gassem Gohal
- Pediatric Department, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarah Salih
- Family and Community Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Tabatabaei ZS, Mirzazadeh A, Amini H, Mafinejad MK. What we think about professional and unprofessional behaviors: differences between the perception of clinical faculty members and medical students. BMC MEDICAL EDUCATION 2022; 22:866. [PMID: 36517813 PMCID: PMC9749347 DOI: 10.1186/s12909-022-03874-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Differences in the viewpoints of clinical faculty members and medical students about prioritizing professional norms accepted by the professional community and lack of alignment of these views can lead to distortion of understanding, problems in learning and assessment of professionalism, and failure in students' professional identity formation. This study aimed to identify the differences in viewpoints of clinical faculty members and medical students about prioritizing the importance and prevalence of professional and unprofessional behaviors among undergraduate medical students. METHODS A multi-stage qualitative study was conducted at Tehran University of Medical Sciences during 2020-2021. At first, a systematic search was conducted to identify professional and unprofessional behaviors using the directional content analysis method. A panel of experts was formed to check the codes obtained from reviewing the literature and to evaluate its compliance with the context. Then, the modified nominal group technique sessions were held with clinical faculty members and medical students to strengthen the codes extracted from the studies and systematically integrate their views to achieve a comprehensive list of professional and unprofessional behaviors in accordance with the context. Finally, a consensus was made among them about prioritizing the importance and prevalence of these behaviors in undergraduate medical students. RESULTS A total of 490 codes of professional behaviors and 595 unprofessional behavior codes were identified in the literature review. In the following sessions of the modified nominal group, 13 clinical faculty members listed 105 codes of professional and unprofessional behaviors, and 51 medical students also listed 313 codes. The results of the modified nominal group technique showed that the faculty members reported the importance of unprofessional behaviors higher than professional ones. At the same time, students rated the importance of professional behaviors higher than unprofessional ones. Both faculty members and students rate the prevalence of professional behaviors as high and the prevalence of unprofessional behaviors as low. CONCLUSION The results showed a difference of views between clinical faculty members and medical students about prioritizing professional and unprofessional behaviors. It is essential to align their viewpoints to understand, learn and value professionalism to develop a professional identity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Sadat Tabatabaei
- Department of Medical Education, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Education Development Office, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Azim Mirzazadeh
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Homayoun Amini
- Department of Psychiatry, Roozbeh Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahboobeh Khabaz Mafinejad
- Health Professions Education Research Center, Education Development Center, Department of Medical Education, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Anjum A, Zhao Y. The Impact of Stress on Innovative Work Behavior among Medical Healthcare Professionals. Behav Sci (Basel) 2022; 12:bs12090340. [PMID: 36135144 PMCID: PMC9495780 DOI: 10.3390/bs12090340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: For health systems, a fundamental challenge is adapting to changes in the patterns of health services that require technological and scientific innovations. The pace of multiple and interconnected challenges mounts extra stress on medical healthcare professionals and reduces their innovative capabilities, especially in low- and middle-income countries. To enhance the innovative capability of medical healthcare professionals under stress, the study seeks any possible correlation between stress and innovation. For that purpose, we sought to investigate the effects of stress on the innovative work behavior of employees and examine the mediating effect of health and moderating effect of supervisor support. Materials and Methods: 350 medical healthcare professionals were surveyed in different hospitals in Lahore through a survey regarding stress, health, innovative work behavior, and supervisor support with a final response rate of 89%. SPSS and AMOS were used for the analysis of the data and the investigation of the combined effects of the model. Exploratory (EFA) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) were conducted to ensure the convergent and discriminant validity of the factors, while mediation analysis was done to check the mediating role of health. Results: It has been observed that there is partial mediation of health between eustress and innovative work behavior whereas supervisor support does not moderate between eustress and health. Furthermore, the results indicate that distress is negatively associated with innovative behavior. In addition, health fully mediates between distress and innovative work behavior. If distress increases negative effects on health, then supervisor support reduces the negative impact of distress on health. Furthermore, supervisor support also reduces the negative impact of health on innovative work behavior. Conclusion: Our study outlines a hypothetical alternative situation that explains how the two emotions of eustress and distress are brought into play in the innovative work behavior of the employees. In addition, supervisors play an important role in influencing the sustainable innovation work behavior of their staff members.
Collapse
|