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Alzahrani AAH, Bhat N, Kukreja P, Alhassan EM, Mudawi AIA, Alzahrani FA, Albanghali MA. Oral candidiasis and potential risk factors among disabled and non-disabled in Al-Baha region, Saudi Arabia. World J Clin Cases 2024; 12:6077-6086. [DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v12.i27.6077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Revised: 06/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral candidiasis (OC) is an oral health disease that could influence patients’ oral health quality of life.
AIM To estimate prevalence of OC among disabled and non-disabled individuals and its potential risk factors in the Al-Baha region, Saudi Arabia.
METHODS An observational cross-sectional study was carried out among 148 disabled and non-disabled participants. The technique of concentrated oral rinse employing the Sabouraud Dextrose Agar medium accompanied with 0.05% chloramphenicol was conducted to assess and isolate candida. Oral examination using the World Health Organization guidelines was conducted to examine participants’ oral health status. A pre-designed questionnaire was also used to evaluate sociodemographic, medical history, and oral hygiene habits of the studied population.
RESULTS Out of 148 participants (n = 57, 38%) had colonized candida. None of the studied population had visible Candida lesions. However, Candida was found in the oral rinses without the subject presenting any lesions or issues caused by Candida (asymptomatic colonization). The most common prevalent OC among participants were Candida albicans,Candida glabrata, Candida dubliniensis, Candida krusei, Candida tropicalis, and Candida parapsilosis (n = 35, 61%; n = 8, 14%; n = 6, 10%; n = 5, 9%; n = 2, 4%; and n = 1, 2%) respectively. Diabetes, smoking, poor plaque, and gingival status were key potential risk factors that significantly associated with candida’s density and presence (P = 0.001, P = 0.001, P = 0.01, and P = 0.01) respectively. Disability status had no statistically significant effect on presence and density of Candida.
CONCLUSION The prevalence of OC is almost third of the studied population; thus, may provoke a need to develop preventive strategies to reduce the OC rate and establish solid treatment plans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Ali H Alzahrani
- Department of Dental Health, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Al-Baha University, Al Bahah 65731, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nagesh Bhat
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, AlBaha University, Al Bahah 65731, Saudi Arabia
| | - Pankaj Kukreja
- Department of Biomedical Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, AlBaha University, Al Bahah 65731, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eltayeb Mohammed Alhassan
- Department of Dental Health, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Al-Baha University, Al Bahah 65731, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdallah Ibrahim A Mudawi
- Department of Dental Health, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Al-Baha University, Al Bahah 65731, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faisal A Alzahrani
- Department of Medical Services General Administration, Public Security, The Saudi Ministry of Interior, Riyadh 11235, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad A Albanghali
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Al-Baha University, Al Bahah 65731, Saudi Arabia
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Zare Z, Bahrami MA, Bastani P, Kavosi Z. Oral and dental health utilization determinants in special health care needs: a systematic review of reviews. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:965. [PMID: 39164635 PMCID: PMC11334590 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04734-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral health is essential for overall well-being and can significantly improve quality of life. However, people with special health care needs (SHCN) often face challenges in accessing dental services. This study aimed to systematically review all available evidence on the oral and dental service utilization determinants among these individuals. Based on the findings, we also explore strategies to increase their access to dental care. METHOD This study is a systematic review of reviews based on the PRISMA 2020. Six databases were systematically searched including PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Embase, ProQuest, and Cochrane Library. Related keywords were applied up to 30 October 2023. This study includes all systematic, scoping, and rapid reviews written in English that examine the factors affecting dental service use among SHCNs. Microsoft Power BI was used for descriptive quantitative analysis, and MAXQDA version 10 was applied for qualitative thematic analysis. RESULTS The number of 2238 articles were retrieved based on the search strategy. After excluding duplications and appraising the eligibility, 7 articles were included. An examination of these 7 articles shows that they were all carried out from 2016 to 2022. Of these, 42% were systematic reviews, 42% used a scoping method, and one study (14%) was a rapid review. According to the thematic analysis, there were five main themes concerning determinants of oral and dental utilization of SHCN: "Financial considerations," "Patient-Provider Relationship," "Accessibility and Availability of Services," "Patient Factors," and "Quality of Care." Additionally, regarding strategies for improving utilization, three main themes emerged: "Education and Training," "Service Improvement," and "Policy Solutions. CONCLUSION This study delves into the intricate challenges SHCNs face in accessing dental services, highlighting the imperative for comprehensive interventions addressing supply and demand. Supply-oriented measures encompass dentist education, implementing financial policies for affordable services, and integrating dental care into primary healthcare systems. On the demand side, strategies revolve around empowering patients and caregivers and enhancing cultural inclusivity. Despite sustained efforts, current utilization rates fall short of optimal levels. Thus, effective strategic planning by policymakers and healthcare leaders is paramount to bolster dental service utilization among SHCNs, thereby enhancing their overall well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Zare
- Department of Health Care Management, School of Health Management and Information Science, Shiraz University of Medical Science, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Amin Bahrami
- Department of Health Care Management, School of Health Management and Information Science, Shiraz University of Medical Science, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Peivand Bastani
- College of Business, Government and Law, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, 5042, Australia
| | - Zahra Kavosi
- Department of Health Care Management, School of Health Management and Information Science, Shiraz University of Medical Science, Shiraz, Iran.
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Malik KE, Scarbro S, Yu J, Chin K, Braun PA, Feinstein JA. Differences in the Oral Health of Children with Medical Complexity. Acad Pediatr 2024:S1876-2859(24)00288-2. [PMID: 39096999 DOI: 10.1016/j.acap.2024.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 07/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/05/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Children with medical complexity (CMC), a subgroup of children with special health care needs (CSHCN) with the most serious medical conditions and disabilities, are at risk for negative effects from poor oral health. CSHCN have high rates of poor oral health including cavities. This study aimed to compare oral health status between CMC and CSHCN. METHODS This was a cross-sectional analysis of the 2016-17 National Survey of Child Health data. CMC and CSHCN were identified using validated algorithms. The primary outcome was oral health status; secondary outcomes included dental service use. Bivariate analyses compared prevalence and service use by medical complexity status. Multivariable logistic regression assessed oral health outcomes by complexity, adjusting for influencing variables. RESULTS Of 16,178 CSHCN ages 1-17 years, 6% were CMC and 94% were non-CMC CSHCN. Compared to CSHCN, CMC had a higher prevalence of fair/poor teeth conditions (19% vs 9%; p<0.001) and higher odds for fair/poor teeth conditions after adjusting for socioeconomic factors (aOR: 1.54; 95% CI: 1.01-2.34). There was no statically significant difference between groups when assessing cavities, toothache, or receipt of most preventive dental services. CONCLUSION 1 in 5 CMC are reported by caregivers as having poor oral health including cavities, despite high rates of receiving preventive dental services. After adjusting for socioeconomic factors, medical complexity remained associated with fair or poor teeth conditions. Understanding potentially modifiable targets could further help families of CMC prioritize dental needs and potentially reduce negative effects on overall health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina E Malik
- Adult and Child Center for Outcomes Research & Delivery Science (ACCORDS) and Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado and Children's Hospital Colorado, 13123 East 16th Avenue, Aurora, CO 80045.
| | - Sharon Scarbro
- Adult and Child Center for Outcomes Research & Delivery Science (ACCORDS), University of Colorado and Children's Hospital Colorado, 1890 N Revere Ct, Aurora, CO 80045.
| | - Justin Yu
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, 4401 Penn Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15224.
| | - Katherine Chin
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, University of Colorado and Children's Hospital Colorado, 13065 East 17th Avenue Aurora, CO 80045.
| | - Patricia A Braun
- Adult and Child Center for Outcomes Research & Delivery Science (ACCORDS) and Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado and Denver Health and Hospital, 501 28th St. Denver, CO 80205.
| | - James A Feinstein
- Adult and Child Center for Outcomes Research & Delivery Science (ACCORDS) and Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado and Children's Hospital Colorado, 13123 East 16th Avenue, Box 032, Aurora, CO 80045.
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Gomes E Moura AP, Lima RB, de Queiroz AM, da Silva LAB, Segato RAB. Outpatient and inpatient dental care for patients with disabilities in Brazil's public healthcare system: A population-based approach from 2014 to 2023. SPECIAL CARE IN DENTISTRY 2024. [PMID: 38863156 DOI: 10.1111/scd.13030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was to evaluate outpatient and inpatient dental care for patients with disabilities from 2014 to 2023. MATERIAL AND METHODS A time series analysis was carried out with data from Brazil's public healthcare system, considering the outpatient productivity of Special Needs Dentistry specialists and hospitalizations (inpatient admissions) of patients with disabilities for dental procedures, both normalized to every 100,000 inhabitants (incidence). The significance level was set at 5%. RESULTS In the last 10 years, 22,420,859 procedures were carried out and 89,380 hospitalizations were approved. Trend analysis showed no significant temporal variation in the incidence of both variables. Regarding the procedures, the majority were low-complexity (82.1%, p < .001) and clinical (71.2%, p < .001). Periodontal (19.9%) and restorative (19.5%) procedures were the most frequent. Considering the hospitalizations, almost (R$) 40 million was allocated, and the majority were classified as elective (71.9%, p = .002) and of short duration (less than a day). CONCLUSION Dental care for patients with disabilities presented patterns related to the types of procedures, complexity and circumstance, in addition to not showing significant temporal variation over the last 10 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula Gomes E Moura
- Master Program in Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Barbosa Lima
- PhD Program in Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alexandra Mussolino de Queiroz
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Léa Assed Bezerra da Silva
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Raquel Assed Bezerra Segato
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
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Gómez-Vilcapoma N, Briceño-Vergel G, Córdova-Limaylla N, Ladera-Castañeda M, Cervantes-Ganoza L, Allen-Revoredo C, Castro-Rojas M, Cayo-Rojas C. Factors associated with dental interns and professors perception of the management of disabled patients: A cross-sectional study under multivariable analysis. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24213. [PMID: 38756203 PMCID: PMC11096086 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Patients with disabilities experience oral health inequalities, including increased disease prevalence and unmet healthcare needs. The aim of this study was to assess factors associated to the perceived management of patients with physical disabilities among dental interns and professors at a university located in the capital city and a branch in a province in Peru. Methods This cross-sectional, observational, and analytical study included 100 dental interns and 75 Peruvian dental professors and was conducted from January to April 2022. A validated perception scale was used to evaluate the management of disabled patients. For the statistical analysis, the study employed Pearson's chi-square test and Fisher's exact test, along with a Poisson regression model that used robust variance. The adjusted prevalence ratio (APR) was utilized to evaluate perception while taking into account factors such as gender, age, marital status, origin, professional experience, previous treatment of a patient with physical disability, and previous cohabitation with a disabled patient. The significance level was set at p < 0.05. Results The 86 % of dental interns and 88 % of dental professors had a poor perception of managing disabled patients, with no significant association between them (p = 0.698). Male and female dental interns displayed significant differences in perception (p = 0.004), while no other variables showed significant differences (p < 0.05). Conversely, dental professors displayed significant differences in all variables analyzed (p < 0.05). In dental interns, gender was found to be the only influential variable, with females having a 41 % higher likelihood of perceiving disabled patient management poorly compared to males (APR = 1.41; 95 % CI: 1.04-1.91) (p = 0.028). However, gender was not found to be a significant factor for dental professors (p = 0.449). Conclusion The majority of dental interns and professors had a poor perception of managing disabled patients, with no significant differences observed between them. Moreover, gender significantly influenced the perception of managing patients with physical disabilities among dental interns specifically. On the other hand, neither age, marital status, origin, professional experience, previous treatment of a patient with physical disability, nor previous cohabitation with a disabled patient were found to be associated factors among dental interns and professors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Marysela Ladera-Castañeda
- Universidad Nacional Federico Villarreal, Postgraduate School, Research Team “Salud Pública – Salud Integral”, Lima, Peru
| | | | | | - Miriam Castro-Rojas
- Universidad Nacional Federico Villarreal, Postgraduate School, Research Team “Salud Pública – Salud Integral”, Lima, Peru
| | - César Cayo-Rojas
- Universidad Privada San Juan Bautista, School of Stomatology, Lima, Peru
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Reis-Oliveira J, Costa BDSF, Borges-Oliveira AC, de Abreu MHNG. Association between management, human resources, and care provided to patients with special healthcare needs in dental specialty centers in Brazil: A cross-sectional study. SPECIAL CARE IN DENTISTRY 2023; 43:611-618. [PMID: 36522843 DOI: 10.1111/scd.12811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
AIMS This study aimed to identify the association between management and human resource factors with the performance of dental care provided to patients with special health care needs (SHCN) in secondary care in Brazil in the second cycle of the Program for Quality Improvement and Access to Dental Specialty Centers (PMAQ-CEO). METHODS AND RESULTS This study is a secondary data analysis from the second cycle from PMAQ-CEO, which evaluated 1097 Dental Specialty Centers (DSCs), conducted in 2018. Seventeen independent variables taken from dentists' training, and dental team management characteristics were analyzed to assess their influence on the reported "Performance of care for SHCN patients". An estimated score was generated from their performance on 23 questions related to the physical and human structure and work processes in the oral health care of SHCN patients in the DSCs. Negative binomial regression model with values p ≤ 0.05 were considered significant. Data analysis included residual deviation to the degree of freedom and the chi-square test. The patient care performance score with SHCN increases significantly when the DSC has a manager (RR = 1.019; CI = 1.011-1.026) and goal monitoring and analysis (RR = 1.012; CI = 1.007-1.005). By contrast, the DSCs in which the dentist is a statutory public servant (RR = 0.998; CI = 0.997-1.000) and performs additional unhealthy or hazardous duties (RR = 0.998; CI = 0.996-0.999) are less likely to provide a higher quality care. CONCLUSION The heterogeneity and low-performance scores for dental care provided to SHCN was identified in Brazilian health services. It was possible to verify that management and human resource factors of the DSCs were associated with the performance of dental care provided to SHCN patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Reis-Oliveira
- Department of Community and Preventive Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Brune de Sousa Faria Costa
- Department of Community and Preventive Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Ana Cristina Borges-Oliveira
- Department of Community and Preventive Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo horizonte, MG, Brazil
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Bastani P, Niknam F, Rezazadeh M, Rossi-Fedele G, Edirippulige S, Samadbeik M. Dentistry website analysis: An overview of the content of formulated questions and answers. Heliyon 2022; 8:e10250. [PMID: 36042730 PMCID: PMC9420359 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e10250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim This study aimed to analyze the content of questions and answers posted on dentistry websites. Subject and methods A mixed-method study was conducted in 2020. A total of 1354 related questions were included, of which 1182 were answered by dentists. The data was analyzed quantitatively according to the classification of the questions, main complaints of the subjects and length of the questions and answers using Excel2013. A qualitative content analysis was carried out also for data robustness and triangulation. Results Of the 1354 questions, 866 of them were categorized into 11 categories according to the main sub-classes of the International Classification of Diseases to Dentistry and Stomatology. Furthermore, the inquiries were allocated to 3 communication styles to present the users' main complaints that included contextual (52.33%), emotional (6.79%) and focal (40.89%) strategies. Results of the qualitative content analysis have led to 6 main themes: seeking the related recommendations of any actions, treatment seeking, information seeking, seeking for causes and reasons, seeking for oral and dental health recommendations and seeking for the dentists' diagnosis or comments. Conclusions The present study can be used for designing specific customized websites of dentistry and help the website managers for better optimization of the websites. All these interventions can pave the way for developing teleconsulting in dentistry for middle-income countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peivand Bastani
- Health Human Resources Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Niknam
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mahboobeh Rezazadeh
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Giampiero Rossi-Fedele
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Adelaide Dental School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Sisira Edirippulige
- Centre for Online Health, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Mahnaz Samadbeik
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
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