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Nazari Orakani S, Officer TN, Good G, McBride-Henry K. Systems Are Overstretched from the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Interpretive Description of Disabled People's Access to Healthcare and Disability Support in New Zealand. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:387. [PMID: 38338272 PMCID: PMC10855788 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12030387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted healthcare and support services, creating challenges for disabled people. New Zealand implemented a range of policies to prevent and limit viral transmission of COVID-19. This study investigates disabled people's experiences accessing healthcare and disability support services during the COVID-19 pandemic, and based on this analysis, the implications of public health policy decisions on disabled people's experiences during the pandemic in New Zealand are explicated. A qualitative design underpinned by interpretive description methodology guided this study. A total of 64 disabled people or parents of disabled children participated in semi-structured interviews. The team of health services and disability researchers then engaged in an iterative thematic approach to analysis, which led to three key themes: (1) protective personal factors, which assisted disabled people to access healthcare and support services, (2) immediate pandemic policy impacts, including policy and legislative changes, which created additional access barriers for disabled people, and (3) exacerbating factors, including compounding vulnerabilities, overstretched systems, and the impact of the vaccine mandate, which worsened the already limited access to healthcare and disability services for disabled people. The pandemic overwhelmed an already stretched healthcare and disability support system, resulting in service disruptions with negative consequences for disabled people's health and wellbeing. Future policy development needs to be disability-centred in its inclusion of people with lived experience and consideration of the support needs of disabled populations. A first step in this process could include pandemic planning and policy co-design to ensure a continuum of healthcare services and support availability for individuals when services are disrupted. In addition, access to formal and informal support for disabled people should be recognised as a fundamental human right when accessing healthcare and disability support services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solmaz Nazari Orakani
- School of Nursing, Midwifery and Health Practice, Wellington Faculty of Health, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington 6012, New Zealand; (T.N.O.); (K.M.-H.)
| | - Tara N. Officer
- School of Nursing, Midwifery and Health Practice, Wellington Faculty of Health, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington 6012, New Zealand; (T.N.O.); (K.M.-H.)
| | - Gretchen Good
- School of Health Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand;
| | - Karen McBride-Henry
- School of Nursing, Midwifery and Health Practice, Wellington Faculty of Health, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington 6012, New Zealand; (T.N.O.); (K.M.-H.)
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Ito Y, Kiyohara H, Awamura K, Yamaoka C. People with Visual Impairment Continue to Experience Difficulties in Their Daily Lives that Affect Their Health-related Quality of Life after the COVID-19 Pandemic. JMA J 2024; 7:114-119. [PMID: 38314425 PMCID: PMC10834171 DOI: 10.31662/jmaj.2023-0120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiyasu Ito
- College of Nursing Art and Science, University of Hyogo, Akashi, Japan
- Department of Nursing, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Hana Kiyohara
- College of Nursing Art and Science, University of Hyogo, Akashi, Japan
| | - Kenji Awamura
- College of Nursing Art and Science, University of Hyogo, Akashi, Japan
| | - Chizuru Yamaoka
- College of Nursing Art and Science, University of Hyogo, Akashi, Japan
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Jackson L. Doctors must challenge ableism in healthcare. BMJ 2023; 383:2968. [PMID: 38123176 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.p2968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
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Werkmeister B, Haase AM, Fleming T, Officer TN. Global Implications From the Rise and Recession of Telehealth in Aotearoa New Zealand Mental Health Services During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Mixed Methods Study. JMIR Form Res 2023; 7:e50486. [PMID: 37738075 PMCID: PMC10519279 DOI: 10.2196/50486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic accelerated the adoption of telehealth services for remote mental health care provision. Although studies indicate that telehealth can enhance the efficiency of service delivery and might be favored or even preferred by certain clients, its use varied after the pandemic. Once the pandemic-related restrictions eased, some regions curtailed their telehealth offerings, whereas others sustained them. Understanding the factors that influenced these decisions can offer valuable insights for evidence-based decision-making concerning the future of telehealth in mental health services. OBJECTIVE This study explored the factors associated with the uptake of and retreat from telehealth across a multiregional outpatient mental health service in Aotearoa New Zealand. We aimed to contribute to the understanding of the factors influencing clinicians' use of telehealth services to inform policy and practice. METHODS Applying an interpretive description methodology, this sequential mixed methods study involved semistructured interviews with 33 mental health clinicians, followed by a time-series analysis of population-level quantitative data on clinician appointment activities before and throughout the COVID-19 pandemic. The interviews were thematically analyzed, and select themes were reframed for quantitative testing. The time-series analysis was conducted using administrative data to explore the extent to which these data supported the themes. In total, 4,117,035 observations were analyzed between October 1, 2019, and August 1, 2022. The findings were then synthesized through the rereview of qualitative themes. RESULTS The rise and recession of telehealth in the study regions were related to 3 overarching themes: clinician preparedness and role suitability, population determinants, and service capability. Participants spoke about the importance of familiarity and training but noted differences between specialist roles. Quantitative data further suggested differences based on the form of telehealth services offered (eg, audiovisual or telephone). In addition, differences were noted based on age, gender, and ethnicity; however, clinicians recognized that effective telehealth use enabled clinicians' flexibility and client choice. In turn, clinicians spoke about system factors such as telehealth usability and digital exclusion that underpinned the daily functionality of telehealth. CONCLUSIONS For telehealth services to thrive when they are not required by circumstances such as pandemic, investment is needed in telehealth training for clinicians, digital infrastructure, and resources for mental health teams. The strength of this study lies in its use of population-level data and consideration of a telehealth service operating across a range of teams. In turn, these findings reflect the voice of a variety of mental health clinicians, including teams operating from within specific cultural perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Werkmeister
- School of Health, Te Herenga Waka - Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
- Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Otago (Wellington), Wellington, New Zealand
- Te Whatu Ora, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Anne M Haase
- School of Health, Te Herenga Waka - Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Theresa Fleming
- School of Health, Te Herenga Waka - Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Tara N Officer
- School of Nursing, Midwifery, and Health Practice, Te Herenga Waka - Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
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Hunt X, Hameed S, Tetali S, Ngoc LA, Ganle J, Huq L, Shakespeare T, Smythe T, Ilkkursun Z, Kuper H, Acarturk C, Kannuri NK, Mai VQ, Khan RS, Banks LM. Impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on access to healthcare among people with disabilities: evidence from six low- and middle-income countries. Int J Equity Health 2023; 22:172. [PMID: 37653417 PMCID: PMC10472671 DOI: 10.1186/s12939-023-01989-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pandemic has placed considerable strain on health systems, especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), leading to reductions in the availability of routine health services. Emerging evidence suggests that people with disabilities have encountered marked challenges in accessing healthcare services and supports in the context of the pandemic. Further research is needed to explore specific barriers to accessing healthcare during the pandemic, and any strategies that promoted continued access to health services in LMICs where the vast majority of people with disabilities live. METHODS Qualitative in-depth interviews were conducted with persons with disabilities in Ghana, Zimbabwe, Viet Nam, Türkiye (Syrian refugees), Bangladesh, and India as part of a larger project exploring the experiences of people with disabilities during the COVID-19 pandemic and their inclusion in government response activities. Data were analysed using thematic analysis. RESULTS This research found that people with disabilities in six countries - representing a diverse geographic spread, with different health systems and COVID-19 responses - all experienced additional difficulties accessing healthcare during the pandemic. Key barriers to accessing healthcare during the pandemic included changes in availability of services due to systems restructuring, difficulty affording care due to the economic impacts of the pandemic, fear of contracting coronavirus, and a lack of human support to enable care-seeking. CONCLUSION These barriers ultimately led to decreased utilisation of services which, in turn, negatively impacted their health and wellbeing. However, we also found that certain factors, including active and engaged Organisations of Persons with Disabilities (OPDs) and Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) played a role in reducing some of the impact of pandemic-related healthcare access barriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xanthe Hunt
- Institute for Life Course Health Research, Department of Global Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Room 4009, Education Building, Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - Shaffa Hameed
- International Centre for Evidence on Disability, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Shailaja Tetali
- Indian Institute of Public Health-Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India
| | - Luong Anh Ngoc
- Center for Training and Research on Substance Abuse - HIV, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - John Ganle
- School of Public Health, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Lopita Huq
- BRAC Institute of Governance and Development, BRAC University, Dakar, Bangladesh
| | - Tom Shakespeare
- International Centre for Evidence on Disability, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Tracey Smythe
- International Centre for Evidence on Disability, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
- Division of Physiotherapy, Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | | | - Hannah Kuper
- International Centre for Evidence on Disability, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Ceren Acarturk
- Department of Psychology, Koc University, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | | | - Vu Quynh Mai
- Center for Population Health Science, Hanoi University of Public Health, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Rifat Shahpar Khan
- BRAC Institute of Governance and Development, BRAC University, Dakar, Bangladesh
| | - Lena Morgon Banks
- International Centre for Evidence on Disability, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
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Salazar AP, Lecours S, Engel L, Gignac MAM, Rotenberg S, Zarshenas S, McDonald M, Bottari C. Understanding the Early Impacts of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Brain Injury Associations Across Canada: A Qualitative Study. INQUIRY : A JOURNAL OF MEDICAL CARE ORGANIZATION, PROVISION AND FINANCING 2023; 60:469580231209161. [PMID: 37970821 PMCID: PMC10655638 DOI: 10.1177/00469580231209161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has increased challenges for people living with brain injury and community associations to support this vulnerable population. This study aimed to gain an in-depth understanding of the challenges faced by brain injury survivors during the first year of the pandemic and how community brain injury associations adapted their services to respond to these needs. Findings from seven focus-group with 31 representatives of Canadian brain injury associations revealed 4 main themes: (1) Addressing evolving client needs; (2) Keeping clients safe; (3) Challenges and opportunities navigating the digital world; and (4) Sustaining brain injury associations in the face of uncertainties and disruptions. To comply with public health measures, associations reported pivoting their service delivery online, despite recognizing the difficulties this could create for many brain injury survivors in accessing and using technology. Our findings also highlight concrete directions for not-profit organizations providing instrumental help with activities, acting as a liaison and interpreter of public health guidelines, and in connecting with clients using technology while handling potential cognitive and technological challenges. Addressing these issues has the potential to protect people living with brain injury and community associations from external threats, like pandemics, in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula Salazar
- School of Rehabilitation, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation of Greater Montreal, Institut universitaire sur la réadaptation en déficience physique de Montréal du CIUSSS du Centre-Sud-de-l’Île-de-Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Sophie Lecours
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation of Greater Montreal, Institut universitaire sur la réadaptation en déficience physique de Montréal du CIUSSS du Centre-Sud-de-l’Île-de-Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Lisa Engel
- Department of Occupational Therapy, College of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Institute for Work & Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Monique A. M. Gignac
- Institute for Work & Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Shlomit Rotenberg
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sareh Zarshenas
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Carolina Bottari
- School of Rehabilitation, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation of Greater Montreal, Institut universitaire sur la réadaptation en déficience physique de Montréal du CIUSSS du Centre-Sud-de-l’Île-de-Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
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