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Alotaibi B, A El-Masry T, Elekhnawy E, Mokhtar FA, El-Seadawy HM, A Negm W. Studying the effects of secondary metabolites isolated from Cycas thouarsii R.Br. leaves on MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. ARTIFICIAL CELLS, NANOMEDICINE, AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2024; 52:103-113. [PMID: 38279824 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2024.2306529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
The various therapeutic drugs that are currently utilized for the management of cancer, especially breast cancer, are greatly challenged by the augmented resistance that is either acquired or de novo by the cancer cells owing to the long treatment periods. So, this study aimed at elucidating the possible anticancer potential of four compounds 7, 4', 7'', 4'''-tetra-O-methyl amentoflavone, hesperidin, ferulic acid, and chlorogenic acid that are isolated from Cycas thouarsii leaves n-butanol fraction for the first time. The MTT assay evaluated the cytotoxic action of four isolated compounds against MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells and oral epithelial cells. Interestingly, ferulic acid revealed the lowest IC50 of 12.52 µg/mL against MDA-MB-231 cells and a high IC50 of 80.2 µg/mL against oral epithelial cells. Also, using an inverted microscope, the influence of ferulic acid was studied on the MDA-MB-231, which revealed the appearance of apoptosis characteristics like shrinkage of the cells and blebbing of the cell membrane. In addition, the flow cytometric analysis showed that the MDA-MB-231 cells stained with Annexin V/PI had a rise in the count of the cells in the early and late apoptosis stages. Moreover, gel electrophoresis detected DNA fragmentation in the ferulic acid-treated cells. Finally, the effect of the compound was tested at the molecular level by qRT-PCR. An upregulation of the pro-apoptotic genes (BAX and P53) and a downregulation of the anti-apoptotic gene (BCL-2) were observed. Consequently, our study demonstrated that these isolated compounds, especially ferulic acid, may be vital anticancer agents, particularly for breast cancer, through its induction of apoptosis through the P53-dependent pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Badriyah Alotaibi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Thanaa A El-Masry
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Engy Elekhnawy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Fatma A Mokhtar
- Department of Pharmacognosy, El Saleheya El Gadida University, Sharkia, Egypt
| | | | - Walaa A Negm
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
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Huo H, Feng Y, Tang Q. Effect of ZIC2 on immune infiltration and ceRNA axis regulation in lung adenocarcinoma via bioinformatics and experimental studies. Mol Cell Probes 2024; 76:101971. [PMID: 38977039 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcp.2024.101971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to conclude the effect and mechanism of ZIC2 on immune infiltration in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). METHODS Expression of ZIC2 in several kinds of normal tissues of TCGA data was analyzed and its correlation with the baseline characteristic of LUAD patients were analyzed. The immune infiltration analysis of LUAD patients was performed by CIBERSORT algorithm. The correlation analysis between ZIC2 and immune cell composition was performed. Additionally, the potential upstream regulatory mechanisms of ZIC2 were predicted to identify the possible miRNAs and lncRNAs that regulated ZIC2 in LUAD. In vitro and in vivo experiments were also conducted to confirm the potential effect of ZIC2 on cell proliferation and invasion ability of LUAD cells. RESULTS ZIC2 expression was decreased in various normal tissues, but increased in multiple tumors, including LUAD, and correlated with the prognosis of LUAD patients. Enrichment by GO and KEGG suggested the possible association of ZIC2 with cell cycle and p53 signal pathway. ZIC2 expression was significantly correlated with T cells CD4 memory resting, Macrophages M1, and plasma cells, indicating that dysregulated ZIC2 expression in LUAD may directly influence immune infiltration. ZIC2 might be regulated by several different lncRNA-mediated ceRNA mechanisms. In vitro experiments validated the promotive effect of ZIC2 on cell viability and invasion ability of LUAD cells. In vivo experiments validated ZIC2 can accelerate tumor growth in nude mouse. CONCLUSION ZIC2 regulated by different lncRNA-mediated ceRNA mechanisms may play a critical regulatory role in LUAD through mediating the composition of immune cells in tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjie Huo
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, 300121, PR China
| | - Yu Feng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, 300121, PR China
| | - Qiong Tang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, 300121, PR China.
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Okano S. Immunotherapy for head and neck cancer: Fundamentals and therapeutic development. Auris Nasus Larynx 2024; 51:684-695. [PMID: 38729034 DOI: 10.1016/j.anl.2024.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN) has been treated by multidisciplinary therapy consisting of surgery, radiotherapy, and cancer chemotherapy, but the recent advent of immunotherapy has produced significant changes in treatment systems and the results of these therapies. Immunotherapy has greatly improved the outcome of recurrent metastatic SCCHN, and the development of new treatment methods based on immunotherapy is now being applied not only to recurrent metastatic cases but also to locally advanced cases. To understand and practice cancer immunotherapy, it is important to understand the immune environment surrounding cancer, and the changes to which it is subject. Currently, the anti-PD-1 antibody drugs nivolumab and pembrolizumab are the only immunotherapies with proven efficacy in head and neck cancer. However, anti-PD-L1 and anti-CTLA-4 antibody drugs have also been shown to be useful in other types of cancer and are being incorporated into clinical practice. In head and neck cancer, numerous clinical trials have aimed to improve efficacy and safety by combining immunotherapy with other drug therapies and treatment modalities. Combinations of immunotherapy with cancer drugs with different mechanisms of action (cytotoxic agents, molecular-targeted agents, immune checkpoint inhibitors), as well as with radiation therapy and surgery are being investigated, and have the potential to significantly change medical care for these patients. The application of cancer immunotherapy not only to daily clinical practice but also to further therapeutic development requires a clear and complete understanding of the fundamentals of cancer immunotherapy, and knowledge of the numerous clinical studies conducted, both past and present. The results of these trials are numerous, both positive and negative, and a comprehensive understanding of this wide range of completed and ongoing clinical trials is critical to a systematic and comprehensive understanding of their scope and lessons learnt. In this article, after outlining the concepts of ``cancer immune cycle,'' ``cancer immune editing,'' and ``tumor microenvironment'' to provide an understanding of the basics of cancer immunity, we summarize the basics and clinical trial data on representative immune checkpoint inhibitors used in various cancer types, as well as recent therapeutic developments in cancer immunotherapy and the current status of these new treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susumu Okano
- Department of Head and Neck Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, 6-5-1, Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8577, Japan.
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Xun F, Jiang W, Sha M, Wang W, Xia Y, Hu H, Liu R, Yu H, Wang H. Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in colorectal tissue affects prognosis in patients with colorectal cancer. Pathology 2024; 56:643-652. [PMID: 38816309 DOI: 10.1016/j.pathol.2024.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
The objective of this investigation was to analyse the correlation between the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) status in the immune microenvironment (IME) and the prognostic outcomes of patients who have undergone radical surgery for colorectal cancer (CRC). In light of the continued prevalence of CRC in China, this study utilised Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analyses to assess the prognostic relevance of NLR status in IME among patients with CRC. Furthermore, cellular experiments, such as cell scratching, were conducted to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of NLR's impact on CRC. The NLR status in IME has been found to have a significant impact on the prognosis of patients with CRC. Patients who exhibit elevated intratumoural and extratumoural NLR are associated with a poor prognosis. Experimental evidence indicates that tumour-associated neutrophil (TAN) augments the migratory, invasive, and proliferative potential of HT-29, HCT-116 and LOVO colorectal cancer cells, while concurrently reducing their sensitivity to oxaliplatin. Conversely, lymphocytes have demonstrated cytotoxic effects on HT-29 cells. The NLR status in IME may serve as a prognostic biomarker for resectable CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Xun
- Postgraduate Training Base of Dalian Medical University, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenliang Jiang
- Postgraduate Training Base of Dalian Medical University, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Min Sha
- Department of Central Laboratory, The Affiliated Taizhou People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenya Wang
- Postgraduate Training Base of Dalian Medical University, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yong Xia
- Medical School of Nantong University, Chongchuan District, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Haoran Hu
- Postgraduate Training Base of Dalian Medical University, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Rongquan Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Taizhou People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Hong Yu
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Taizhou People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Honggang Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Taizhou People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China.
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Sun Y, Ying K, Sun J, Wang Y, Qiu L, Ji M, Sun L, Chen J. PRRX1-OLR1 axis supports CAFs-mediated lung cancer progression and immune suppression. Cancer Cell Int 2024; 24:247. [PMID: 39010054 PMCID: PMC11251326 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-024-03436-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the mechanism by which cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) affect the growth and immune evasion of lung cancer cells. METHODS Initially, datasets comparing CAFs with normal fibroblasts were downloaded from the GEO dataset GSE48397. Genes with the most significant differential expression were selected and validated using clinical data. Subsequently, CAFs were isolated, and the selected genes were knocked down in CAFs. Co-culture experiments were conducted with H1299 or A549 cells to analyze changes in lung cancer cell growth, migration, and immune evasion in vitro and in vivo. To further elucidate the upstream regulatory mechanism, relevant ChIP-seq data were downloaded from the GEO database, and the regulatory relationships were validated through ChIP-qPCR and luciferase reporter assays. RESULTS OLR1 was significantly overexpressed in CAFs and strongly correlated with adverse prognosis in lung cancer patients. Knockdown of OLR1 markedly inhibited CAFs' support for the growth and immune evasion of lung cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. ChIP-seq results demonstrated that PRRX1 can promote OLR1 expression by recruiting H3K27ac and H3K4me3, thereby activating CAFs. Knockdown of PRRX1 significantly inhibited CAFs' function, while further overexpression of OLR1 restored CAFs' support for lung cancer cell growth, migration, and immune evasion. CONCLUSION PRRX1 promotes OLR1 expression by recruiting H3K27ac and H3K4me3, activating CAFs, and thereby promoting the growth, migration, and immune evasion of lung cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunhao Sun
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Yancheng City, The Yancheng Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Yancheng, 224005, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Kaijun Ying
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Yancheng City, The Yancheng Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Yancheng, 224005, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Sun
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Yancheng City, The Yancheng Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Yancheng, 224005, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yao Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Yancheng City, The Yancheng Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Yancheng, 224005, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Limin Qiu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Yancheng City, The Yancheng Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Yancheng, 224005, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingming Ji
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Yancheng City, The Yancheng Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Yancheng, 224005, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Sun
- Department of Endocrinology, The First People's Hospital of Yancheng City, The Yancheng Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Yancheng, 224005, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinjin Chen
- Department of Oncology, The First People's Hospital of Yancheng City, The Yancheng Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Yancheng, 224005, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
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Guo J, Ma X, Liu D, Wang F, Xia J, Zhang B, Zhao P, Zhong F, Chen L, Long Q, Jiang L, Zhang S, Liao N, Wang J, Wu W, Sun J, Huang M, Cheng Z, Huang G, Zou C. A distinct subset of urothelial cells with enhanced EMT features promotes chemotherapy resistance and cancer recurrence by increasing COL4A1-ITGB1 mediated angiogenesis. Drug Resist Updat 2024; 76:101116. [PMID: 38968684 DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2024.101116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024]
Abstract
Drug resistance and tumor recurrence remain clinical challenges in the treatment of urothelial carcinoma (UC). However, the underlying mechanism is not fully understood. Here, we performed single-cell RNA sequencing and identified a subset of urothelial cells with epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) features (EMT-UC), which is significantly correlated with chemotherapy resistance and cancer recurrence. To validate the clinical significance of EMT-UC, we constructed EMT-UC like cells by introducing overexpression of two markers, Zinc Finger E-Box Binding Homeobox 1 (ZEB1) and Desmin (DES), and examined their histological distribution characteristics and malignant phenotypes. EMT-UC like cells were mainly enriched in UC tissues from patients with adverse prognosis and exhibited significantly elevated EMT, migration and gemcitabine tolerance in vitro. However, EMT-UC was not specifically identified from tumorous tissues, certain proportion of them were also identified in adjacent normal tissues. Tumorous EMT-UC highly expressed genes involved in malignant behaviors and exhibited adverse prognosis. Additionally, tumorous EMT-UC was associated with remodeled tumor microenvironment (TME), which exhibited high angiogenic and immunosuppressive potentials compared with the normal counterparts. Furthermore, a specific interaction of COL4A1 and ITGB1 was identified to be highly enriched in tumorous EMT-UC, and in the endothelial component. Targeting the interaction of COL4A1 and ITGB1 with specific antibodies significantly suppressed tumorous angiogenesis and alleviated gemcitabine resistance of UC. Overall, our findings demonstrated that the driven force of chemotherapy resistance and recurrence of UC was EMT-UC mediated COL4A1-ITGB1 interaction, providing a potential target for future UC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinan Guo
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Xiaoshi Ma
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Dongcheng Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, PR China; Shenzhen Aier Eye Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Fei Wang
- Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan General Hospital, Haikou, Hainan, PR China
| | - Jinquan Xia
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Bin Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Pan Zhao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Fuhua Zhong
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Lipeng Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Qiaoyun Long
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Lu Jiang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Siyu Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Naikai Liao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Jigang Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Weiqing Wu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Jichao Sun
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Mou Huang
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Zhiqiang Cheng
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, PR China.
| | - Guixiao Huang
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, PR China.
| | - Chang Zou
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, Guangdong, PR China.
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Khan IR, Sadida HQ, Hashem S, Singh M, Macha MA, Al-Shabeeb Akil AS, Khurshid I, Bhat AA. Therapeutic implications of signaling pathways and tumor microenvironment interactions in esophageal cancer. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 176:116873. [PMID: 38843587 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Esophageal cancer (EC) is significantly influenced by the tumor microenvironment (TME) and altered signaling pathways. Downregulating these pathways in EC is essential for suppressing tumor development, preventing metastasis, and enhancing therapeutic outcomes. This approach can increase tumor sensitivity to treatments, enhance patient outcomes, and inhibit cancer cell proliferation and spread. The TME, comprising cellular and non-cellular elements surrounding the tumor, significantly influences EC's development, course, and treatment responsiveness. Understanding the complex relationships within the TME is crucial for developing successful EC treatments. Immunotherapy is a vital TME treatment for EC. However, the heterogeneity within the TME limits the application of anticancer drugs outside clinical settings. Therefore, identifying reliable microenvironmental biomarkers that can detect therapeutic responses before initiating therapy is crucial. Combining approaches focusing on EC signaling pathways with TME can enhance treatment outcomes. This integrated strategy aims to interfere with essential signaling pathways promoting cancer spread while disrupting factors encouraging tumor development. Unraveling aberrant signaling pathways and TME components can lead to more focused and efficient treatment approaches, identifying specific cellular targets for treatments. Targeting the TME and signaling pathways may reduce metastasis risk by interfering with mechanisms facilitating cancer cell invasion and dissemination. In conclusion, this integrative strategy has significant potential for improving patient outcomes and advancing EC research and therapy. This review discusses the altered signaling pathways and TME in EC, focusing on potential future therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inamu Rashid Khan
- Department of Zoology, Central University of Kashmir, Ganderbal, Jammu and Kashmir 191201, India
| | - Hana Q Sadida
- Department of Human Genetics-Precision Medicine in Diabetes, Obesity and Cancer Program, Sidra Medicine, Doha 26999, Qatar
| | - Sheema Hashem
- Department of Human Genetics, Sidra Medicine Doha 26999, Qatar
| | - Mayank Singh
- Department of Medical Oncology (Lab), Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Muzafar A Macha
- Watson-Crick Centre for Molecular Medicine, Islamic University of Science and Technology, Awantipora, Jammu and Kashmir 192122, India
| | - Ammira S Al-Shabeeb Akil
- Department of Human Genetics-Precision Medicine in Diabetes, Obesity and Cancer Program, Sidra Medicine, Doha 26999, Qatar
| | - Ibraq Khurshid
- Department of Zoology, Central University of Kashmir, Ganderbal, Jammu and Kashmir 191201, India.
| | - Ajaz A Bhat
- Department of Human Genetics-Precision Medicine in Diabetes, Obesity and Cancer Program, Sidra Medicine, Doha 26999, Qatar.
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Rodríguez-Bejarano OH, Parra-López C, Patarroyo MA. A review concerning the breast cancer-related tumour microenvironment. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2024; 199:104389. [PMID: 38734280 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2024.104389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is currently the most common malignant tumour in women and one of the leading causes of their death around the world. New and increasingly personalised diagnostic and therapeutic tools have been introduced over the last few decades, along with significant advances regarding the study and knowledge related to BC. The tumour microenvironment (TME) refers to the tumour cell-associated cellular and molecular environment which can influence conditions affecting tumour development and progression. The TME is composed of immune cells, stromal cells, extracellular matrix (ECM) and signalling molecules secreted by these different cell types. Ever deeper understanding of TME composition changes during tumour development and progression will enable new and more innovative therapeutic strategies to become developed for targeting tumours during specific stages of its evolution. This review summarises the role of BC-related TME components and their influence on tumour progression and the development of resistance to therapy. In addition, an account on the modifications in BC-related TME components associated with therapy is given, and the completed or ongoing clinical trials related to this topic are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar Hernán Rodríguez-Bejarano
- Health Sciences Faculty, Universidad de Ciencias Aplicadas y Ambientales (U.D.C.A), Calle 222#55-37, Bogotá 111166, Colombia; Molecular Biology and Immunology Department, Fundación Instituto de Inmunología de Colombia (FIDIC), Carrera 50#26-20, Bogotá 111321, Colombia; PhD Programme in Biotechnology, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Carrera 45#26-85, Bogotá 111321, Colombia
| | - Carlos Parra-López
- Microbiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Carrera 45#26-85, Bogotá 111321, Colombia.
| | - Manuel Alfonso Patarroyo
- Molecular Biology and Immunology Department, Fundación Instituto de Inmunología de Colombia (FIDIC), Carrera 50#26-20, Bogotá 111321, Colombia; Microbiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Carrera 45#26-85, Bogotá 111321, Colombia.
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Xu S, Xu Y, Chai W, Liu X, Li J, Sun L, Pan H, Yan M. KLRB1 expression is associated with lung adenocarcinoma prognosis and immune infiltration and regulates lung adenocarcinoma cell proliferation and metastasis through the MAPK/ERK pathway. J Thorac Dis 2024; 16:3764-3781. [PMID: 38983163 PMCID: PMC11228747 DOI: 10.21037/jtd-24-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Background Lung cancer is the most common primary malignant tumor of the lung, and as one of the malignant tumors that pose the greatest threat to the health of the population, the incidence rate has remained high in recent years. Previous studies have shown that KLRB1 is transcriptionally repressed in lung adenocarcinoma and correlates with lung adenocarcinoma prognosis. The objective of this study is to investigate the intrinsic mechanisms by which KLRB1 affects the malignant phenotypes of lung adenocarcinoma such as immune infiltration, proliferation, growth and metastasis. Methods We assessed the expression levels of KLRB1 in publicly available databases and investigated its associations with clinical and pathological variables. Enrichment analysis was subsequently conducted to investigate possible signaling pathways and their associated biological functions. Statistical analysis, including Spearman correlation and the application of multigene prediction models, was utilized to assess the relationship between the expression of KLRB1 and the infiltration of immune cells. The diagnostic and prognostic value of KLRB1 was evaluated using Kaplan-Meier survival curves, diagnostic receptor operating characteristic (ROC) curves, histogram models, and Cox regression analysis. Specimens from lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) patients were collected, the expression level of KLRB1 was detected by protein blotting analysis, and the expression level of KLRB1 was detected at the mRNA level by real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Small interfering RNA (siRNA) was used to silence gene expression, and Transwell, Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) and colony formation assays were subsequently performed to analyze the effects of KLRB1 on LUAD cell migration, invasion and proliferation. Results KLRB1 expression was lower in lung cancer tissue than in surrounding healthy tissue. Genes differentially expressed in the low and high KLRB1 expression groups were found to be significantly enriched in pathways related to immunity. KLRB1 exerted an impact on the MAPK/ERK signaling pathway, thereby modulating the growth and proliferation of LUAD cells. KLRB1 expression is linked to prognosis, immune infiltration, and cell migration and proliferation in LUAD. Conclusions The evidence revealed a correlation between KLRB1 and both prognosis and immune infiltration in LUAD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siwei Xu
- Cancer Institute, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yujian Xu
- Cancer Institute, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenjun Chai
- Cancer Institute, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoli Liu
- Cancer Institute, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Li
- Cancer Institute, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Sun
- Cancer Institute, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongyu Pan
- Cancer Institute, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingxia Yan
- Cancer Institute, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Li M, Wang J, Zhao Y, Lin C, Miao J, Ma X, Ye Z, Chen C, Tao K, Zhu P, Hu Q, Sun J, Gu J, Wei S. Identifying and evaluating a disulfidptosis-related gene signature to predict prognosis in colorectal adenocarcinoma patients. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1344637. [PMID: 38962013 PMCID: PMC11220892 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1344637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Disulfidptosis, a regulated form of cell death, has been recently reported in cancers characterized by high SLC7A11 expression, including invasive breast carcinoma, lung adenocarcinoma, and hepatocellular carcinoma. However, its role in colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) has been infrequently discussed. In this study, we developed and validated a prognostic model based on 20 disulfidptosis-related genes (DRGs) using LASSO and Cox regression analyses. The robustness and practicality of this model were assessed via a nomogram. Subsequent correlation and enrichment analysis revealed a relationship between the risk score, several critical cancer-related biological processes, immune cell infiltration, and the expression of oncogenes and cell senescence-related genes. POU4F1, a significant component of our model, might function as an oncogene due to its upregulation in COAD tumors and its positive correlation with oncogene expression. In vitro assays demonstrated that POU4F1 knockdown noticeably decreased cell proliferation and migration but increased cell senescence in COAD cells. We further investigated the regulatory role of the DRG in disulfidptosis by culturing cells in a glucose-deprived medium. In summary, our research revealed and confirmed a DRG-based risk prediction model for COAD patients and verified the role of POU4F1 in promoting cell proliferation, migration, and disulfidptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Department of General Surgery, Changshu Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, The First People’s Hospital of Changshu, Changshu, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jin Wang
- School of Public Health, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuhao Zhao
- Department of Biliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Renji Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Changjie Lin
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jianqing Miao
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiaoming Ma
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhenyu Ye
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Chao Chen
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Ke Tao
- Department of General Surgery, Changshu Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, The First People’s Hospital of Changshu, Changshu, Jiangsu, China
| | - Pengcheng Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, Changshu Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, The First People’s Hospital of Changshu, Changshu, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qi Hu
- Department of General Surgery, Changshu Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, The First People’s Hospital of Changshu, Changshu, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jinbing Sun
- Department of General Surgery, Changshu Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, The First People’s Hospital of Changshu, Changshu, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jianfeng Gu
- Department of General Surgery, Changshu Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, The First People’s Hospital of Changshu, Changshu, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shaohua Wei
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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11
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Yan T, Pang X, Liang B, Meng Q, Wei H, Li W, Liu D, Hu Y. Comprehensive bioinformatics analysis of human cytomegalovirus pathway genes in pan-cancer. Hum Genomics 2024; 18:65. [PMID: 38886862 PMCID: PMC11181644 DOI: 10.1186/s40246-024-00633-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a herpesvirus that can infect various cell types and modulate host gene expression and immune response. It has been associated with the pathogenesis of various cancers, but its molecular mechanisms remain elusive. METHODS We comprehensively analyzed the expression of HCMV pathway genes across 26 cancer types using the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and The Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) databases. We also used bioinformatics tools to study immune invasion and tumor microenvironment in pan-cancer. Cox regression and machine learning were used to analyze prognostic genes and their relationship with drug sensitivity. RESULTS We found that HCMV pathway genes are widely expressed in various cancers. Immune infiltration and the tumor microenvironment revealed that HCMV is involved in complex immune processes. We obtained prognostic genes for 25 cancers and significantly found 23 key genes in the HCMV pathway, which are significantly enriched in cellular chemotaxis and synaptic function and may be involved in disease progression. Notably, CaM family genes were up-regulated and AC family genes were down-regulated in most tumors. These hub genes correlate with sensitivity or resistance to various drugs, suggesting their potential as therapeutic targets. CONCLUSIONS Our study has revealed the role of the HCMV pathway in various cancers and provided insights into its molecular mechanism and therapeutic significance. It is worth noting that the key genes of the HCMV pathway may open up new doors for cancer prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tengyue Yan
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Regenerative Medicine and Medical Bioresource Development and Application Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China
| | - Xianwu Pang
- Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning, 530028, China
| | - Boying Liang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Qiuxia Meng
- School of Information and Managent, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Huilin Wei
- School of Institute of Life Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Wen Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Dahai Liu
- School of Medicine, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong, 528000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yanling Hu
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Regenerative Medicine and Medical Bioresource Development and Application Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China.
- School of Institute of Life Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.
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12
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Sun W, Jiang C, Liu Q, Wang N, Huang R, Jiang G, Yang Y. Exosomal noncoding RNAs: decoding their role in thyroid cancer progression. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1337226. [PMID: 38933820 PMCID: PMC11199389 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1337226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Exosomes, as pivotal entities within the tumor microenvironment, orchestrate intercellular communication through the transfer of diverse molecules, among which non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) such as miRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs play a crucial role. These ncRNAs, endowed with regulatory functions, are selectively incorporated into exosomes. Emerging evidence underscores the significance of exosomal ncRNAs in modulating key oncogenic processes in thyroid cancer (TC), including proliferation, metastasis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), angiogenesis, and immunoediting. The unique composition of exosomes shields their cargo from enzymatic and chemical degradation, ensuring their integrity and facilitating their specific expression in plasma. This positions exosomal ncRNAs as promising candidates for novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in TC. Moreover, the potential of exosomes in the therapeutic landscape of TC is increasingly recognized. This review aims to elucidate the intricate relationship between exosomal ncRNAs and TC, fostering a deeper comprehension of their mechanistic involvement. By doing so, it endeavors to propel forward the exploration of exosomal ncRNAs in TC, ultimately paving the way for innovative diagnostic and therapeutic strategies predicated on exosomes and their ncRNA content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiming Sun
- The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Endocrinology Department, Lanzhou, China
| | - Chenjun Jiang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Qianqian Liu
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Na Wang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Runchun Huang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Gengchen Jiang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yuxuan Yang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
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13
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Dai L, Fan G, Xie T, Li L, Tang L, Chen H, Shi Y, Han X. Single-cell and spatial transcriptomics reveal a high glycolysis B cell and tumor-associated macrophages cluster correlated with poor prognosis and exhausted immune microenvironment in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Biomark Res 2024; 12:58. [PMID: 38840205 PMCID: PMC11155084 DOI: 10.1186/s40364-024-00605-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is a heterogeneous malignancy characterized by varied responses to treatment and prognoses. Understanding the metabolic characteristics driving DLBCL progression is crucial for developing personalized therapies. METHODS This study utilized multiple omics technologies including single-cell transcriptomics (n = 5), bulk transcriptomics (n = 966), spatial transcriptomics (n = 10), immunohistochemistry (n = 34), multiple immunofluorescence (n = 20) and to elucidate the metabolic features of highly malignant DLBCL cells and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), along with their associated tumor microenvironment. Metabolic pathway analysis facilitated by scMetabolism, and integrated analysis via hdWGCNA, identified glycolysis genes correlating with malignancy, and the prognostic value of glycolysis genes (STMN1, ENO1, PKM, and CDK1) and TAMs were verified. RESULTS High-glycolysis malignant DLBCL tissues exhibited an immunosuppressive microenvironment characterized by abundant IFN_TAMs (CD68+CXCL10+PD-L1+) and diminished CD8+ T cell infiltration. Glycolysis genes were positively correlated with malignancy degree. IFN_TAMs exhibited high glycolysis activity and closely communicating with high-malignancy DLBCL cells identified within datasets. The glycolysis score, evaluated by seven genes, emerged as an independent prognostic factor (HR = 1.796, 95% CI: 1.077-2.995, p = 0.025 and HR = 2.631, 95% CI: 1.207-5.735, p = 0.015) along with IFN_TAMs were positively correlated with poor survival (p < 0.05) in DLBCL. Immunohistochemical validation of glycolysis markers (STMN1, ENO1, PKM, and CDK1) and multiple immunofluorescence validation of IFN_TAMs underscored their prognostic value (p < 0.05) in DLBCL. CONCLUSIONS This study underscores the significance of glycolysis in tumor progression and modulation of the immune microenvironment. The identified glycolysis genes and IFN_TAMs represent potential prognostic markers and therapeutic targets in DLBCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyuan Dai
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing Key Laboratory of Clinical Study on Anticancer Molecular Targeted Drugs, No. 17 Panjiayuan Nanli, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Guangyu Fan
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing Key Laboratory of Clinical Study on Anticancer Molecular Targeted Drugs, No. 17 Panjiayuan Nanli, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Tongji Xie
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing Key Laboratory of Clinical Study on Anticancer Molecular Targeted Drugs, No. 17 Panjiayuan Nanli, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Lin Li
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No. 17 Panjiayuan Nanli, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Le Tang
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing Key Laboratory of Clinical Study on Anticancer Molecular Targeted Drugs, No. 17 Panjiayuan Nanli, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Haizhu Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Breast Tumor Centre, Department of Medical Oncology, Phase I Clinical Trial Centre, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, P. R. China
| | - Yuankai Shi
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing Key Laboratory of Clinical Study on Anticancer Molecular Targeted Drugs, No. 17 Panjiayuan Nanli, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021, China.
| | - Xiaohong Han
- Clinical Pharmacology Research Center, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, NMPA Key Laboratory for Clinical Research and Evaluation of Drug, Beijing Key Laboratory of Clinical PK & PD Investigation for Innovative Drugs, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No.1, Shuaifuyuan, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China.
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14
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Chopra S, Mathur Y, Roesch F, Moon ES, Rana N, Irrinki S, Walia R, Duseja A, Singh H, Kumar R, Shukla J, Mittal BR. 68Ga-DOTA.SA.FAPi as a Versatile Diagnostic Probe for Various Epithelial Malignancies: A Head-to-Head Comparison with 18F-FDG. Acad Radiol 2024; 31:2521-2535. [PMID: 38233261 DOI: 10.1016/j.acra.2023.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES Fibroblast Activation Protein (FAP) expressing cancer-associated fibroblasts has been a major breakthrough causing a paradigm shift in targeted theranostics focusing on the tumor microenvironment. In this study, a squaric acid derivative DOTA.SA.FAPi (SA.FAPi) has been evaluated as a potential diagnostic probe in diverse epithelial cancers and compared to the standard-of-care 18F-FDG. METHODS 25 patients enrolled in this prospective study underwent 18F-FDG and 68Ga-SA.FAPi PET scans on two different days. For biodistribution, standardized uptake values (SUV) were computed by delineating region-of-interest on various body organs. For comparative analysis in disease identification, lesion tracer uptake was quantified using SUVs corrected for lean body mass (SUL), SUVmax, tumor-to-background ratio (TBR) with liver and blood pool as the reference, total lesion glycolysis (TLG for 18F-FDG) and total lesion FAP expression (TLF for 68Ga-SA.FAPi). RESULTS 25 patients (mean age: 58 ± 8 years) with four types of cancers including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC, 56% of cohort), gall bladder carcinoma (GB Ca, 12%), adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC, 16%), and breast carcinoma (breast Ca, 16%) were prospectively evaluated. Physiological tracer uptake of 68Ga-SA.FAPi was noted in the salivary glands, thyroid, liver, pancreas, muscles and kidneys with variable uptake in the lacrimal glands, extra-ocular muscles, oral mucosa and uterus. Lesion-based comparative analysis between both the radiotracers demonstrated complete concordant findings in detection of all primary lesions and distant metastases in liver, bones, adrenals and peritoneum whereas discordant findings were noted in lung nodules (20%) and lymph nodes (13%). In overall analysis, 68Ga-SA.FAPi exhibited significantly higher SUVmax (10.3 vs 8.8, p-0.019), SULpeak (6.8 vs 4.9, p-0.000) and SULavg (5.4 vs 4.1, p-0.019) in comparison to 18F-FDG whereas TBR was comparable for both the tracers [TBRLiver: median 1.9 (IQR: 2.6-1.4) vs 1.8 (2.6-1.1), p-0.275; TBRBloodpool: 2.1 (3.7-1.4) vs 2.0 (2.7-1.4), p-0.207]. In subcategorical analysis, 68Ga-SA.FAPi demonstrated higher SUVmax, SULpeak and SULavg values for primary disease (SUVmax: 14.8 (18.7-9.7) vs (12.9-6.6), p-0.087; SULpeak: 8.2 (11.2-6.8) vs 6.3 (8.5-4.4), p-0.037; SULavg: 6.9 ± 2.5 vs 5.1 ± 2.2, p-0.023] and distant metastases (8.8 vs 7.2, p-0.038); 6.3 (8.8-4.4) vs 3.6 (4.4-2.0), p-0.000; 5.4 vs 3.5, p-0.000] whereas comparable values were noted for both the tracers in nodal metastases [9 (13.5-4.1) vs 8 (12.7-4.7), p-0.726; 4.5 (6.2-1.8) vs 4.3 (5.7-2.2), p-0.727; 4.1 ± 2.3 vs 3.7 ± 1.8, p-0.129]. In primary disease, highest 68Ga-SA.FAPi avidity was noted in ACC followed by GB Ca and HCC. In distant metastases, gall bladder, lung and skeletal lesions demonstrated higher 68Ga-SA.FAPi avidity. Moreover, 68Ga-SA.FAPi identified five additional lung lesions which were missed by 18F-FDG in one case of ACC. CONCLUSION 68Ga-SA.FAPi emerged as an effective, versatile diagnostic probe for imaging various epithelial malignancies similar to 18F-FDG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sejal Chopra
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India (S.C., Y.M., N.R., H.S., R.K., J.S., B.R.M.)
| | - Yamini Mathur
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India (S.C., Y.M., N.R., H.S., R.K., J.S., B.R.M.)
| | - Frank Roesch
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany (F.R., E.S.M.)
| | - Euy Sung Moon
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany (F.R., E.S.M.)
| | - Nivedita Rana
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India (S.C., Y.M., N.R., H.S., R.K., J.S., B.R.M.)
| | - Santhosh Irrinki
- Department of General Surgery, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India (S.I.)
| | - Rama Walia
- Department of Endocrinology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India (R.W.)
| | - Ajay Duseja
- Department of Hepatology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India (A.D.)
| | - Harmandeep Singh
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India (S.C., Y.M., N.R., H.S., R.K., J.S., B.R.M.)
| | - Rajender Kumar
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India (S.C., Y.M., N.R., H.S., R.K., J.S., B.R.M.)
| | - Jaya Shukla
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India (S.C., Y.M., N.R., H.S., R.K., J.S., B.R.M.).
| | - Bhagwant Rai Mittal
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India (S.C., Y.M., N.R., H.S., R.K., J.S., B.R.M.)
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15
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Reynolds LE, Maallin S, Haston S, Martinez-Barbera JP, Hodivala-Dilke KM, Pedrosa AR. Effects of senescence on the tumour microenvironment and response to therapy. FEBS J 2024; 291:2306-2319. [PMID: 37873605 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Cellular senescence is a state of durable cell arrest that has been identified both in vitro and in vivo. It is associated with profound changes in gene expression and a specific secretory profile that includes pro-inflammatory cytokines, growth factors and matrix-remodelling enzymes, referred to as the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). In cancer, senescence can have anti- or pro-tumour effects. On one hand, it can inhibit tumour progression in a cell autonomous manner. On the other hand, senescence can also promote tumour initiation, progression, metastatic dissemination and resistance to therapy in a paracrine manner. Therefore, despite efforts to target senescence as a potential strategy to inhibit tumour growth, senescent cancer and microenvironmental cells can eventually lead to uncontrolled proliferation and aggressive tumour phenotypes. This can happen either through overcoming senescence growth arrest or through SASP-mediated effects in adjacent tumour cells. This review will discuss how senescence affects the tumour microenvironment, including extracellular matrix remodelling, the immune system and the vascular compartment, to promote tumourigenesis, metastasis and resistance to DNA-damaging therapies. It will also discuss current approaches used in the field to target senescence: senolytics, improving the immune clearance of senescent cells and targeting the SASP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise E Reynolds
- Adhesion and Angiogenesis Lab, Centre for Tumour Microenvironment, Barts Cancer Institute, John Vane Science Centre, Queen Mary University London, UK
| | - Seynab Maallin
- Adhesion and Angiogenesis Lab, Centre for Tumour Microenvironment, Barts Cancer Institute, John Vane Science Centre, Queen Mary University London, UK
| | - Scott Haston
- Developmental Biology and Cancer Programme, Birth Defects Research Centre, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, UK
| | - Juan Pedro Martinez-Barbera
- Developmental Biology and Cancer Programme, Birth Defects Research Centre, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, UK
| | - Kairbaan M Hodivala-Dilke
- Adhesion and Angiogenesis Lab, Centre for Tumour Microenvironment, Barts Cancer Institute, John Vane Science Centre, Queen Mary University London, UK
| | - Ana-Rita Pedrosa
- Adhesion and Angiogenesis Lab, Centre for Tumour Microenvironment, Barts Cancer Institute, John Vane Science Centre, Queen Mary University London, UK
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16
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Sakr TM, Elsabagh MF, Fayez H, Sarhan MO, Syam YM, Anwar MM, Motaleb MA, Zaghary WA. Multi-functionalization of reduced graphene oxide nanosheets for tumor theragnosis: Synthesis, characterization, enzyme assay, in-silico study, radiolabeling and in vivo targeting evaluation. Daru 2024; 32:77-95. [PMID: 38072913 PMCID: PMC11087444 DOI: 10.1007/s40199-023-00487-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In this study, a combination of nanotechnology, organic synthesis and radiochemistry were utilized in order to design an efficient nano-system conjugated with a suitable radionuclide and an antitumor agent for possible application as tumor theragnostic agent. METHOD Four novel compounds (3 and 4a-c) bearing tetrahydroquinazoline-7-sulfonohydrazide or 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinazoline-7-sulfonamide scaffold were designed. Then, docking study predicted that the compounds can be considered as potential inhibitors for PARP-1. Following that; the four compounds were synthesized and properly characterized using 1HNMR, 13CNMR, IR and Mass spectroscopy. The cytotoxic effect of the four compounds was evaluated against breast cancer cell line (MDA-MB-436), where compound 3 showed the most promising cytotoxic effect. The inhibitory effect of the four compounds was evaluated in vitro against PARP-1. RESULT Carboxylated graphene oxide nanosheets (NGO-COOH) were synthesized by a modified Hummer's method and has size of range 40 nm. The NGO-COOH nanosheets were proven to be safe and biocompatible when tested in vitro against normal human lung fibroblast cells (MRC-5). The prepared NGO-COOH nanosheets were conjugated with compound 3 then radiolabeled with 99mTc to yield 99mTc-NGO-COOH-3 with a radiochemical yield of 98.5.0 ± 0.5%. 99mTc-NGO-COOH-3 was injected intravenously in solid tumor bearing mice to study the degree of localization of the nano-system at tumor tissue. The results of the study revealed, excellent localization and retention of the designed nano-system at tumor tissues with targeting ratio of 9.0. CONCLUSION Stirred a new candidate tumor theragnostic agent that is safe, selective and stable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamer M Sakr
- Radioisotopes Production Facility, Second Egyptian Research Reactor Complex, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, 13759, Egypt
- Radioactive Isotopes and Generator Department, Hot Labs Center, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, 13759, Egypt
| | - Mohammed F Elsabagh
- Radioisotopes Production Facility, Second Egyptian Research Reactor Complex, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, 13759, Egypt.
- Labeled Compounds Department, Hot Labs Center, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, 13759, Egypt.
| | - Hend Fayez
- Labeled Compounds Department, Hot Labs Center, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, 13759, Egypt
| | - Mona O Sarhan
- Labeled Compounds Department, Hot Labs Center, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, 13759, Egypt
| | - Yasmin M Syam
- Department of Therapeutic Chemistry/ National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Manal M Anwar
- Department of Therapeutic Chemistry/ National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohammed A Motaleb
- Labeled Compounds Department, Hot Labs Center, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, 13759, Egypt
| | - Wafaa A Zaghary
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
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17
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Tang S, Sun R, Tang K, Wei X, Liu M, Zhang H. A novel prognostic model for predicting patient survival and immunotherapy responsiveness in hepatocellular carcinoma: insights into the involvement of T-cell proliferation. Clin Transl Oncol 2024; 26:1368-1383. [PMID: 38123874 PMCID: PMC11108937 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-023-03363-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The cancer-associated biological mechanisms and the implementation of immunotherapy are heavily impacted by the activities of T cells, consequently influencing the effectiveness of therapeutic interventions. Nevertheless, the mechanistic actions of T-cell proliferation in response to immunotherapy and the overall prognosis of individuals diagnosed with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains insufficiently understood. The present work seeks to present a comprehensive analysis immune landscape in the context of HCC. METHODS To achieve this objective, both clinical data and RNA sequencing data were acquired from authoritative databases such as The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). RESULTS Through the utilization of consensus clustering techniques, distinct molecular subtypes associated with T-cell proliferation were delineated. Following this, seven genes of prognostic significance were identified via a combination of Cox and Lasso regression analyses. By integrating these genes into a prognostic signature, the predictive capability of the model was verified through an examination of internal and external datasets. Moreover, immunohistochemistry and qRT-PCR tests have verified the reliability of prognostic markers. Notably, the high-risk group exhibited elevated expression of immune checkpoint genes as well as higher benefit in terms of drug sensitivity testing, as determined by the Chi-square test (P < 0.001). The risk score derived from the prognostic signature depicted considerable efficacy in predicting the survival outcomes of HCC cases. CONCLUSIONS Overall, prognostic markers may become valuable predictive tool for individuals diagnosed with HCC, allowing for the prediction of their prognosis as well as the assessment of their immunological condition and response to immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengjie Tang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Rui Sun
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China
| | - Kechao Tang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Metabolic Disease Research Center, School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Xiang Wei
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Metabolic Disease Research Center, School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Ming Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Metabolic Disease Research Center, School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
| | - Huabing Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Metabolic Disease Research Center, School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
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18
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Jiang B, Zhang W, Zhang X, Sun Y. Targeting senescent cells to reshape the tumor microenvironment and improve anticancer efficacy. Semin Cancer Biol 2024; 101:58-73. [PMID: 38810814 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2024.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Cancer is daunting pathology with remarkable breadth and scope, spanning genetics, epigenetics, proteomics, metalobomics and cell biology. Cellular senescence represents a stress-induced and essentially irreversible cell fate associated with aging and various age-related diseases, including malignancies. Senescent cells are characterized of morphologic alterations and metabolic reprogramming, and develop a highly active secretome termed as the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). Since the first discovery, senescence has been understood as an important barrier to tumor progression, as its induction in pre-neoplastic cells limits carcinogenesis. Paradoxically, senescent cells arising in the tumor microenvironment (TME) contribute to tumor progression, including augmented therapeutic resistance. In this article, we define typical forms of senescent cells commonly observed within the TME and how senescent cells functionally remodel their surrounding niche, affect immune responses and promote cancer evolution. Furthermore, we highlight the recently emerging pipelines of senotherapies particularly senolytics, which can selectively deplete senescent cells from affected organs in vivo and impede tumor progression by restoring therapeutic responses and securing anticancer efficacies. Together, co-targeting cancer cells and their normal but senescent counterparts in the TME holds the potential to achieve increased therapeutic benefits and restrained disease relapse in future clinical oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birong Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, Institute of Aging Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Xuguang Zhang
- Mengniu Institute of Nutrition Science, Global R&D Innovation Center, Shanghai 200124, China
| | - Yu Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Institute of Aging Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China; Department of Medicine and VAPSHCS, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
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19
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Kong L, Liu M, Yang H, Yan P, Luo Y, Xiang S, Huang Z, Shen A. Expression of copper metabolism-related genes is associated with the tumor immune microenvironment and predicts the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma. Transl Cancer Res 2024; 13:2251-2265. [PMID: 38881909 PMCID: PMC11170532 DOI: 10.21037/tcr-23-1890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Background Copper metabolism dysfunction has been found to be associated with the progression of various malignant tumors. The aim of this study is to explore the prognostic value of copper metabolism-related genes (CMRGs) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and their impact on the immune microenvironment. Methods We identified differentially expressed CMRGs in cancer and adjacent samples of HCC from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Consensus clustering was performed to distinguish subgroups, and TIMER and CIBERSORT were applied to analyze the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME). We used the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) and multivariate Cox regression analysis to establish a prognostic risk model for CMRGs. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was performed to elucidate potential signaling mechanisms associated with the risk group, as well as to determine and compare the tumor mutation burden (TMB), immune cell infiltration levels, and immune checkpoint of the identified risk groups. Results Two subgroups with significantly different survival rates were identified, with a better prognosis associated with high immune scores, high abundance of immune-infiltrating cells, and a relatively higher immune status. A prognostic risk model based on five CMRGs was constructed, which showed significant prognostic value. When combined with clinical feature column charts, this model can predict the prognosis of patients with HCC. Functional enrichment analysis showed that the low-risk group was enriched in a large number of metabolic pathways, while the high and low-risk groups exhibited different TMB and differential expression of immune checkpoint genes. The established model was validated in an independent International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) dataset. Conclusions The results indicate that the expression of CMRGs is associated with the prognosis of HCC and the tumor microenvironment, and can serve as a predictive indicator for evaluating the prognosis of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingwang Kong
- Department of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Tumor Center, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Miao Liu
- Gastrointestinal Tumor Center, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Hang Yang
- The First Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ping Yan
- The First Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yunhai Luo
- The First Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Song Xiang
- The First Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zuotian Huang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Tumor Center, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Ai Shen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Tumor Center, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
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20
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Wang J, Liu K, Li J, Zhang H, Gong X, Song X, Wei M, Hu Y, Li J. Identifying and assessing a prognostic model based on disulfidptosis-related genes: implications for immune microenvironment and tumor biology in lung adenocarcinoma. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1371831. [PMID: 38840910 PMCID: PMC11150594 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1371831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Lung cancer, with the highest global mortality rate among cancers, presents a grim prognosis, often diagnosed at an advanced stage in nearly 70% of cases. Recent research has unveiled a novel mechanism of cell death termed disulfidptosis, which is facilitated by glucose scarcity and the protein SLC7A11. Methods Utilizing the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression analysis combined with Cox regression analysis, we constructed a prognostic model focusing on disulfidptosis-related genes. Nomograms, correlation analyses, and enrichment analyses were employed to assess the significance of this model. Among the genes incorporated into the model, CHRNA5 was selected for further investigation regarding its role in LUAD cells. Biological functions of CHRNA5 were assessed using EdU, transwell, and CCK-8 assays. Results The efficacy of the model was validated through internal testing and an external validation set, with further evaluation of its robustness and clinical applicability using a nomogram. Subsequent correlation analyses revealed associations between the risk score and infiltration of various cancer types, as well as oncogene expression. Enrichment analysis also identified associations between the risk score and pivotal biological processes and KEGG pathways. Our findings underscore the significant impact of CHRNA5 on LUAD cell proliferation, migration, and disulfidptosis. Conclusion This study successfully developed and validated a robust prognostic model centered on disulfidptosis-related genes, providing a foundation for predicting prognosis in LUAD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jianxiang Li
- School of Public Health, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Jiangsu, Suzhou, China
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21
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Kim SY, Park S, Kim S, Ko J. CD133-containing microvesicles promote cancer progression by inducing M2-like tumor-associated macrophage polarization in the tumor microenvironment of colorectal cancer. Carcinogenesis 2024; 45:300-310. [PMID: 38085813 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgad093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are among the most abundant cell types in the tumor microenvironment (TME). The immunosuppressive TME formed by TAMs is an essential prerequisite for cancer progression. Tumor-derived microvesicles (MVs), a subtype of extracellular vesicle shed directly from the plasma membrane, are important regulators of intercellular communication and TME modulation during tumorigenesis. However, the exact mechanism by which tumor-derived MVs induce the generation of the immunosuppressive TME and polarization of TAMs remains unclear. Here, we investigated the role of CD133-containing MVs derived from colorectal cancer (CRC) cells in macrophage polarization and cancer progression. CD133-containing MVs from CRC cells were incorporated into macrophages, and M0 macrophages were morphologically transformed into M2-like TAMs. CD133-containing MVs were found to increase the mRNA expression of M2 macrophage markers. Additionally, cytokine array analysis revealed that M2-like TAMs induced by CD133-containing MVs increased the secretion of interleukin 6, which activated the STAT3 pathway in CRC cells. Furthermore, the conditioned medium of M2-like TAMs promoted cell motility, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and cell proliferation. However, MVs from CD133-knockdown cells had little effect on TAM polarization and CRC progression. These results demonstrate that CD133-containing MVs induce M2-like TAM polarization and contribute to cancer progression by mediating crosstalk between tumor cells and TAMs in the TME of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Yun Kim
- Division of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul 02841, South Korea
| | - Sungyeon Park
- Division of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul 02841, South Korea
| | - Suhyun Kim
- Division of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul 02841, South Korea
| | - Jesang Ko
- Division of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul 02841, South Korea
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22
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Li L, Wang B, Zhao S, Xiong Q, Cheng A. The role of ANXA1 in the tumor microenvironment. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 131:111854. [PMID: 38479155 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Annexin A1 (ANXA1) is widely expressed in a variety of body tissues and cells and is also involved in tumor development through multiple pathways. The invasion, metastasis, and immune escape of tumor cells depend on the interaction between tumor cells and their surrounding environment. Research shows that ANXA1 can act on a variety of cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME), and subsequently affect the proliferation, invasion and metastasis of tumors. This article describes the role of ANXA1 in the various components of the tumor microenvironment and its mechanism of action, as well as the existing clinical treatment measures related to ANXA1. These findings provide insight for the further design of strategies targeting ANXA1 for the diagnosis and treatment of malignant tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanxin Li
- Hunan Engineering Research Center for Early Diagnosis and Treatment of Liver Cancer, Cancer Research Institute, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Baiqi Wang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Shuang Zhao
- Hunan Engineering Research Center for Early Diagnosis and Treatment of Liver Cancer, Cancer Research Institute, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Qinglin Xiong
- Hunan Engineering Research Center for Early Diagnosis and Treatment of Liver Cancer, Cancer Research Institute, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Ailan Cheng
- Hunan Engineering Research Center for Early Diagnosis and Treatment of Liver Cancer, Cancer Research Institute, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China.
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23
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Huang Q, Ge Y, He Y, Wu J, Tong Y, Shang H, Liu X, Ba X, Xia D, Peng E, Chen Z, Tang K. The Application of Nanoparticles Targeting Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts. Int J Nanomedicine 2024; 19:3333-3365. [PMID: 38617796 PMCID: PMC11012801 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s447350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF) are the most abundant stromal cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME), especially in solid tumors. It has been confirmed that it can not only interact with tumor cells to promote cancer progression and metastasis, but also affect the infiltration and function of immune cells to induce chemotherapy and immunotherapy resistance. So, targeting CAF has been considered an important method in cancer treatment. The rapid development of nanotechnology provides a good perspective to improve the efficiency of targeting CAF. At present, more and more researches have focused on the application of nanoparticles (NPs) in targeting CAF. These studies explored the effects of different types of NPs on CAF and the multifunctional nanomedicines that can eliminate CAF are able to enhance the EPR effect which facilitate the anti-tumor effect of themselves. There also exist amounts of studies focusing on using NPs to inhibit the activation and function of CAF to improve the therapeutic efficacy. The application of NPs targeting CAF needs to be based on an understanding of CAF biology. Therefore, in this review, we first summarized the latest progress of CAF biology, then discussed the types of CAF-targeting NPs and the main strategies in the current. The aim is to elucidate the application of NPs in targeting CAF and provide new insights for engineering nanomedicine to enhance immune response in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiu Huang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yue Ge
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu He
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jian Wu
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yonghua Tong
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haojie Shang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao Liu
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaozhuo Ba
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ding Xia
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ejun Peng
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhiqiang Chen
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kun Tang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, People’s Republic of China
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24
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Gao Z, Zhang N, An B, Li D, Fang Z, Xu D. Comprehensive analyses of the cancer-associated fibroblast subtypes and their score system for prediction of outcomes and immunosuppressive microenvironment in prostate cancer. Cancer Cell Int 2024; 24:127. [PMID: 38580966 PMCID: PMC10996219 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-024-03305-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) drive cancer progression and treatment failure on one hand, while their tumor-restraining functions are also observed on the other. Recent single cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) analyses demonstrates heterogeneity of CAFs and defines molecular subtypes of CAFs, which help explain their different functions. However, it remains unclear whether these CAF subtypes have the same or different biological/clinical implications in prostate cancer (PCa) or other malignancies. METHODS PCa cells were incubated with supernatant from normal fibroblasts and CAFs to assess their effects on cell behaviors. Sequencing, genomic, and clinical data were collected from TCGA, MSKCC, CPGEA and GEO databases. CAF molecular subtypes and total CAF scores were constructed and grouped into low and high groups based on CAF-specific gene expression. Progression free interval (PFI), clinicopathological features, telomere length, immune cell infiltration, drug treatment and somatic mutations were compared among CAF molecular subtypes and low/high score groups. RESULTS The PCa CAF-derived supernatant promoted PCa cell proliferation and invasion. Based on differentially expressed genes identified by scRNA-seq analyses, we classified CAFs into 6 molecular subtypes in PCa tumors, and each subtype was then categorized into score-high and low groups according to the subtype-specific gene expression level. Such score models in 6 CAF subtypes all predicted PFI. Telomeres were significantly shorter in high-score tumors. The total CAF score from 6 CAF subtypes was also associated with PFI in PCa patients inversely, which was consistent with results from cellular experiments. Immunosuppressive microenvironment occurred more frequently in tumors with a high CAF score, which was characterized by increased CTLA4 expression and indicated better responses to CTLA4 inhibitors. Moreover, this model can also serve as a useful PFI predictor in pan-cancers. CONCLUSION By combining scRNA-seq and bulk RNA-seq data analyses, we develop a CAF subtype score system as a prognostic factor for PCa and other cancer types. This model system also helps distinguish different immune-suppressive mechanisms in PCa, suggesting its implications in predicting response to immunotherapy. Thus, the present findings should contribute to personalized PCa intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze Gao
- Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
- Institute of Andrology, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Bingzheng An
- Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Dawei Li
- Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
- Institute of Andrology, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Zhiqing Fang
- Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China.
- Institute of Andrology, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China.
| | - Dawei Xu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Bioclinicum, Karolinska Institute and, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Stockholm, SE-17176, Sweden.
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25
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Zhang X, Ma H, Gao Y, Liang Y, Du Y, Hao S, Ni T. The Tumor Microenvironment: Signal Transduction. Biomolecules 2024; 14:438. [PMID: 38672455 PMCID: PMC11048169 DOI: 10.3390/biom14040438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
In the challenging tumor microenvironment (TME), tumors coexist with diverse stromal cell types. During tumor progression and metastasis, a reciprocal interaction occurs between cancer cells and their environment. These interactions involve ongoing and evolving paracrine and proximal signaling. Intrinsic signal transduction in tumors drives processes such as malignant transformation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, immune evasion, and tumor cell metastasis. In addition, cancer cells embedded in the tumor microenvironment undergo metabolic reprogramming. Their metabolites, serving as signaling molecules, engage in metabolic communication with diverse matrix components. These metabolites act as direct regulators of carcinogenic pathways, thereby activating signaling cascades that contribute to cancer progression. Hence, gaining insights into the intrinsic signal transduction of tumors and the signaling communication between tumor cells and various matrix components within the tumor microenvironment may reveal novel therapeutic targets. In this review, we initially examine the development of the tumor microenvironment. Subsequently, we delineate the oncogenic signaling pathways within tumor cells and elucidate the reciprocal communication between these pathways and the tumor microenvironment. Finally, we give an overview of the effect of signal transduction within the tumor microenvironment on tumor metabolism and tumor immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianhong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, China; (X.Z.); (Y.G.); (Y.L.); (Y.D.)
| | - Haijun Ma
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Protection and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in Western China, School of Life Sciences, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China;
| | - Yue Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, China; (X.Z.); (Y.G.); (Y.L.); (Y.D.)
| | - Yabing Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, China; (X.Z.); (Y.G.); (Y.L.); (Y.D.)
| | - Yitian Du
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, China; (X.Z.); (Y.G.); (Y.L.); (Y.D.)
| | - Shuailin Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, China; (X.Z.); (Y.G.); (Y.L.); (Y.D.)
| | - Ting Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, China; (X.Z.); (Y.G.); (Y.L.); (Y.D.)
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Takahashi K, Shoda K, Takiguchi K, Higuchi Y, Matsuoka K, Nakayama T, Saito R, Maruyama S, Nakata Y, Furuya S, Shiraishi K, Akaike H, Kawaguchi Y, Amemiya H, Kawaida H, Ichikawa D. Prognostic Impact of Stromal Profiles Educated by Gastric Cancer. Ann Surg Oncol 2024; 31:2309-2318. [PMID: 37919449 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-023-14522-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer-associated fibroblasts exhibit diversity and have several subtypes. The underlying relationship between the diversity of cancer-associated fibroblasts and their effect on gastric cancer progression remains unclear. In this study, mesenchymal stem cells were differentiated into cancer-associated fibroblasts with gastric cancer cell lines; clinical specimens were used to further investigate the impact of cancer-associated fibroblast diversity on cancer progression. METHODS Nine gastric cancer cell lines (NUGC3, NUGC4, MKN7, MKN45, MKN74, FU97, OCUM1, NCI-N87, and KATOIII) were used to induce mesenchymal stem cell differentiation into cancer-associated fibroblasts. The cancer-associated fibroblasts were classified based on ACTA2 and PDPN expression. Cell function analysis was used to examine the impact of cancer-associated fibroblast subtypes on cancer cell phenotype. Tissue samples from 97gastric patients who underwent gastrectomy were used to examine the clinical significance of each subtype classified according to cancer-associated fibroblast expression. RESULTS Co-culture of mesenchymal stem cells with nine gastric cancer cell lines revealed different subtypes of ACTA2 and PDPN expression in differentiated cancer-associated fibroblasts. Cancer-associated fibroblast subtypes with high ACTA2 plus PDPN expression levels significantly increased gastric cancer cell migration, invasion, and proliferation. The cancer-associated fibroblast subtype with ACTA2 plus PDPN expression was an independent prognostic factor along with lymph node metastasis for patients who had gastric cancer and were undergoing surgery. CONCLUSIONS Cancer-associated fibroblasts are educated by gastric cancer cells during the development of cancer-associated fibroblast diversity. Differentiated cancer-associated fibroblasts with distinct expression patterns could affect gastric cancer progression and enable prognostic stratification for gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazunori Takahashi
- First Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Katsutoshi Shoda
- First Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Yamanashi, Japan.
| | - Koichi Takiguchi
- First Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Yudai Higuchi
- First Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Koichi Matsuoka
- First Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Takashi Nakayama
- First Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Ryo Saito
- First Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Suguru Maruyama
- First Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Yuki Nakata
- First Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Shinji Furuya
- First Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Kensuke Shiraishi
- First Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Hidenori Akaike
- First Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Kawaguchi
- First Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Hidetake Amemiya
- First Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Hiromichi Kawaida
- First Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Daisuke Ichikawa
- First Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Yamanashi, Japan
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27
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Yadav P, Rana K, Nardini V, Khan A, Pani T, Kar A, Jain D, Chakraborty R, Singh R, Jha SK, Mehta D, Sharma H, Sharma RD, Deo SVS, Sengupta S, Patil VS, Faccioli LH, Dasgupta U, Bajaj A. Engineered nanomicelles inhibit the tumour progression via abrogating the prostaglandin-mediated immunosuppression. J Control Release 2024; 368:548-565. [PMID: 38462044 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Cancer treatment is challenged due to immunosuppressive inflammatory tumour microenvironment (TME) caused by infiltration of tumour-promoting and inhibition of tumour-inhibiting immune cells. Here, we report the engineering of chimeric nanomicelles (NMs) targeting the cell proliferation using docetaxel (DTX) and inflammation using dexamethasone (DEX) that alters the immunosuppressive TME. We show that a combination of phospholipid-DTX conjugate and PEGylated-lipid-DEX conjugate can self-assemble to form sub-100 nm chimeric NMs (DTX-DEX NMs). Anti-cancer activities against syngeneic and xenograft mouse models showed that the DTX-DEX NMs are more effective in tumour regression, enhance the survival of mice over other treatment modes, and alter the tumour stroma. DTX-DEX NMs cause a significant reduction in myeloid-derived suppressor cells, alter the polarization of macrophages, and enhance the accumulation of cytotoxic CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in tumour tissues, along with alterations in cytokine expression. We further demonstrated that these DTX-DEX NMs inhibit the synthesis of prostaglandins, especially PGE2, by targeting the cyclooxygenase 2 that is partly responsible for immunosuppressive TME. Therefore, this study presents, for the first time, the engineering of lithocholic acid-derived chimeric NMs that affect the prostaglandin pathway, alter the TME, and mitigate tumour progression with enhanced mice survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poonam Yadav
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Chemical Biology, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, 3(rd) Milestone Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, NCR Biotech Cluster, Faridabad 121001, Haryana, India
| | - Kajal Rana
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Chemical Biology, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, 3(rd) Milestone Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, NCR Biotech Cluster, Faridabad 121001, Haryana, India
| | - Viviani Nardini
- Department of Clinical, Toxicological and Bromatological Analysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Av do Café, s.n, Ribeirão Preto 14040-903, SP, Brazil
| | - Ali Khan
- Amity Institute of Integrative Sciences and Health, Amity University Haryana, Manesar, Gurgaon 122413, Haryana, India
| | - Trishna Pani
- Amity Institute of Integrative Sciences and Health, Amity University Haryana, Manesar, Gurgaon 122413, Haryana, India
| | - Animesh Kar
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Chemical Biology, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, 3(rd) Milestone Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, NCR Biotech Cluster, Faridabad 121001, Haryana, India
| | - Dolly Jain
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Chemical Biology, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, 3(rd) Milestone Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, NCR Biotech Cluster, Faridabad 121001, Haryana, India
| | - Ruchira Chakraborty
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Chemical Biology, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, 3(rd) Milestone Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, NCR Biotech Cluster, Faridabad 121001, Haryana, India
| | - Ragini Singh
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Chemical Biology, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, 3(rd) Milestone Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, NCR Biotech Cluster, Faridabad 121001, Haryana, India
| | - Somesh K Jha
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Chemical Biology, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, 3(rd) Milestone Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, NCR Biotech Cluster, Faridabad 121001, Haryana, India
| | - Devashish Mehta
- Amity Institute of Integrative Sciences and Health, Amity University Haryana, Manesar, Gurgaon 122413, Haryana, India
| | - Harsh Sharma
- Amity Institute of Integrative Sciences and Health, Amity University Haryana, Manesar, Gurgaon 122413, Haryana, India
| | - Ravi Datta Sharma
- Amity Institute of Integrative Sciences and Health, Amity University Haryana, Manesar, Gurgaon 122413, Haryana, India
| | - S V S Deo
- Department of Surgical Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Sagar Sengupta
- National Institute of Immunology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India; National Institute of Biomedical Genomics, Post office- Netaji Subhas Sanatorium, Kalyani 741251, India
| | - Veena S Patil
- National Institute of Immunology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Lúcia Helena Faccioli
- Department of Clinical, Toxicological and Bromatological Analysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Av do Café, s.n, Ribeirão Preto 14040-903, SP, Brazil
| | - Ujjaini Dasgupta
- Amity Institute of Integrative Sciences and Health, Amity University Haryana, Manesar, Gurgaon 122413, Haryana, India
| | - Avinash Bajaj
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Chemical Biology, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, 3(rd) Milestone Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, NCR Biotech Cluster, Faridabad 121001, Haryana, India.
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Shu Y, Huang H, Gao M, Xu W, Cao X, Jia X, Deng B. Lipid Metabolism-Related Gene Markers Used for Prediction Prognosis, Immune Microenvironment, and Tumor Stage of Pancreatic Cancer. Biochem Genet 2024; 62:931-949. [PMID: 37505298 PMCID: PMC11031448 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-023-10457-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Recently, more and more evidence shows that lipid metabolism disorder has been observed in tumor, which impacts tumor cell proliferation, survival, invasion, metastasis, and response to the tumor microenvironment (TME) and tumor treatment. However, hitherto there has not been sufficient research to demonstrate the role of lipid metabolism in pancreatic cancer. This study contrives to get an insight into the relationship between the characteristics of lipid metabolism and pancreatic cancer. We collected samples of patients with pancreatic cancer from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), the Therapeutically Applicable Research to Generate Effective Treatments (TARGET), and the International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) databases. Firstly, we implemented univariate regression analysis to get prognosis-related lipid metabolism genes screened and a construction of protein-protein interaction (PPI) network ensued. Then, contingent on our screening results, we explored the molecular subtypes mediated by lipid metabolism-related genes and the correlated TME cell infiltration. Additionally, we studied the disparately expressed genes among disparate lipid metabolism subtypes and established a scoring model of lipid metabolism-related characteristics using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression analysis. At last, we explored the relationship between the scoring model and disease prognosis, tumor stage, tumor microenvironment, and immunotherapy. Two subtypes, C1 and C2, were identified, and lipid metabolism-related genes were studied. The result indicated that the patients with subtype C2 have a significantly lower survival rate than that of the patients with subtype C1, and we found difference in abundance of different immune-infiltrating cells. The gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses revealed the association of these differentially expressed genes with functions and pathways related to lipid metabolism. Finally, we established a scoring model of lipid metabolism-related characteristics based on the disparately expressed genes. The results show that our scoring model have a substantial effect on forecasting the prognosis of patients with pancreatic cancer. The lipid metabolism model is an important biomarker of pancreatic cancer. Using the model, the relationship between disease prognosis, molecular subtypes, TME cell infiltration characteristics, and immunotherapy in pancreatic cancer patients could be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Shu
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330000, People's Republic of China
- Departments of Endocrine, The First Hospital of Nanchang, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330008, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiqiang Huang
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330000, People's Republic of China
- Departments of Endocrine, The First Hospital of Nanchang, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330008, People's Republic of China
| | - Minjie Gao
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330000, People's Republic of China
- Departments of Endocrine, The First Hospital of Nanchang, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330008, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjie Xu
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330000, People's Republic of China
- Departments of Endocrine, The First Hospital of Nanchang, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330008, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Cao
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330000, People's Republic of China
- Departments of Endocrine, The First Hospital of Nanchang, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330008, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoze Jia
- Internet of Things Engineering, College of Wuxi University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214000, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Deng
- Departments of Endocrine, The First Hospital of Nanchang, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330008, People's Republic of China.
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Iwata M, Haraguchi R, Kitazawa R, Ito C, Ogawa K, Takada Y, Kitazawa S. Reduced chemokine C-C motif ligand 1 expression may negatively regulate colorectal cancer progression at liver metastatic sites. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e18193. [PMID: 38506205 PMCID: PMC10952021 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) liver metastasis, albeit a stage-IV disease, is completely curable by surgical resection in selected patients. In addressing the molecular basics of this phenomenon, differentially expressed genes at primary and liver metastatic sites were screened by RNA sequencing with the use of paraffin-embedded surgical specimens. Chemokine C-C motif ligand 1 (CCL1), a chemotactic factor for a ligand of the chemokine C-C motif receptor 8 (CCR8), was isolated as one of the differentially expressed genes. Histological analysis revealed that the number of CCL1-positive cells, mainly tumour associated macrophages (TAMs) located in the stroma of CRC, decreased significantly at liver metastatic sites, while the expression level of CCR8 on CRC remained unchanged. To explore the biological significance of the CCL1-CCR8 axis in CRC, CCR8-positive CRC cell line Colo320DM was used to assess the effect of the CCL1-CCR8 axis on major signalling pathways, epithelial mesenchymal transition induction and cell motility. Upon stimulation of recombinant CCL1 (rCCL1), phosphorylation of AKT was observed in Colo320DM cells; on the other hand, the corresponding significant increase in MMP-2 levels demonstrated by RT-qPCR was nullified by siRNA (siCCR8). In the scratch test, rCCL1 treatment significantly increased the motility of Colo320DM cells, which was similarly nullified by siCCR8. Thus, the activation of the CCL1-CCR8 axis is a positive regulator of CRC tumour progression. Reduced CCL1 expression of TAMs at liver metastatic sites may partly explain the unique slow tumour progression of CRC, thus providing for a grace period for radical resection of metastatic lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miku Iwata
- Department of Molecular PathologyEhime University Graduate School of MedicineToon CityEhimeJapan
- Department of Hepato‐Biliary‐Pancreatic and Breast SurgeryEhime University Graduate School of MedicineToon CityEhimeJapan
| | - Ryuma Haraguchi
- Department of Molecular PathologyEhime University Graduate School of MedicineToon CityEhimeJapan
| | - Riko Kitazawa
- Division of Diagnostic PathologyEhime University HospitalToon CityEhimeJapan
| | - Chihiro Ito
- Department of Molecular PathologyEhime University Graduate School of MedicineToon CityEhimeJapan
- Department of Hepato‐Biliary‐Pancreatic and Breast SurgeryEhime University Graduate School of MedicineToon CityEhimeJapan
| | - Kohei Ogawa
- Department of Hepato‐Biliary‐Pancreatic and Breast SurgeryEhime University Graduate School of MedicineToon CityEhimeJapan
| | - Yasutsugu Takada
- Department of Hepato‐Biliary‐Pancreatic and Breast SurgeryEhime University Graduate School of MedicineToon CityEhimeJapan
| | - Sohei Kitazawa
- Department of Molecular PathologyEhime University Graduate School of MedicineToon CityEhimeJapan
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Wu T, Ji MR, Luo LX. Mechanisms and potential applications of COPS6 in pan-cancer therapy. World J Clin Oncol 2024; 15:367-370. [PMID: 38576589 PMCID: PMC10989263 DOI: 10.5306/wjco.v15.i3.367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The COP9 signalosome subunit 6 (COPS6) is abnormally overexpressed in many malignancies, yet its precise role in carcinogenesis is unknown. To gain a better understanding of COPS6's role, the authors conducted a pan-cancer analysis using various bioinformatics techniques such as differential expression patterns, prognostic value, gene mutations, immune infiltration, correlation analysis, and functional enrichment assessment. Results showed that COPS6 was highly correlated with prognosis, immune cell infiltration level, tumor mutation burden, and microsatellite instability in patients with a range of tumor types. This suggests that COPS6 may be a potential target for cancer treatment. Overall, this research provides insight into COPS6's role in cancer development and its potential therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Wu
- The First Clinical College, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524023, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Miao-Rong Ji
- The First Clinical College, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524023, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Lian-Xiang Luo
- The Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524000, Guangdong Province, China
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31
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Zhou J, Zhang M, Wang H, Zhong X, Yang X. Role of Helicobacter pylori virulence factors and alteration of the Tumor Immune Microenvironment: challenges and opportunities for Cancer Immunotherapy. Arch Microbiol 2024; 206:167. [PMID: 38485861 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-024-03908-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Various forms of malignancies have been linked to Helicobacter pylori. Despite advancements in chemotherapeutic and surgical approaches, the management of cancer, particularly at advanced stages, increasingly relies on the integration of immunotherapy. As a novel, safe therapeutic modality, immunotherapy harnesses the immune system of the patient to treat cancer, thereby broadening treatment options. However, there is evidence that H. pylori infection may influence the effectiveness of immunotherapy in various types of cancer. This association is related to H. pylori virulence factors and the tumor microenvironment. This review discusses the influence of H. pylori infection on immunotherapy in non-gastrointestinal and gastrointestinal tumors, the mechanisms underlying this relationship, and directions for the development of improved immunotherapy strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyi Zhou
- Department of Oncology, The Huai'an Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu, China
| | - Minna Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Huai'an No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu, China
| | - HongGang Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Huai'an No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaomin Zhong
- Department of Oncology, The Huai'an Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu, China.
| | - XiaoZhong Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Huai'an No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu, China.
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Alossaimi MA, Riadi Y, Alnuwaybit GN, Md S, Alkreathy HM, Elekhnawy E, Geesi MH, Alqahtani SM, Afzal O. Design, synthesis, molecular docking, and in vitro studies of 2-mercaptoquinazolin-4(3 H)-ones as potential anti-breast cancer agents. Saudi Pharm J 2024; 32:101971. [PMID: 38357701 PMCID: PMC10864842 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2024.101971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) comprises 10 % to 20 % of breast cancer, however, it is more dangerous than other types of breast cancer, because it lacks druggable targets, such as the estrogen receptors (ER) and the progesterone receptor (PR), and has under expressed receptor tyrosine kinase, ErbB2. Present targeted therapies are not very effective and other choices include invasive procedures like surgery or less invasive ones like radiotherapy and chemotherapy. This study investigated the potential anticancer activity of some novel quinazolinone derivatives that were designed on the structural framework of two approved anticancer drugs, Ispinesib (KSP inhibitor) and Idelalisib (PI3Kδ inhibitor), to find out solutions for TNBC. All the designed derivatives (3a-l) were subjected to extra precision molecular docking and were synthesized and spectrally characterized. In vitro enzyme inhibition assay of compounds (3a, 3b, 3e, 3 g and 3 h) revealed their nanomolar inhibitory potential against the anticancer targets, KSP and PI3Kδ. Using MTT assay, the cytotoxic potential of compounds 3a, 3b and 3e were found highest against MDA-MB-231 cells with an IC50 of 14.51 µM, 16.27 µM, and 9.97 µM, respectively. Remarkably, these compounds were recorded safe against the oral epithelial normal cells with an IC50 values of 293.60 µM, 261.43 µM, and 222 µM, respectively. The anticancer potential of these compounds against MDA-MB-231 cells was revealed to be associated with their apoptotic activity. This was established by examination with the inverted microscope that revealed the appearance of various apoptotic features like cell shrinkage, apoptotic bodies, and membrane blebbing. Using flow cytometry, the Annexin V/PI-stained cancer cells showed an increase in early and late apoptotic cells. In addition, DNA fragmentation was revealed to occur after treatment with the tested compounds by gel electrophoresis. The relative gene expression of pro-apoptotic and anti-apoptotic genes revealed an overexpression of the P53 and BAX genes and a downregulation of the BCL-2 gene by real-time PCR. So, this work proved that compounds 3a, 3b, and 3e could be developed as anticancer candidates, via their P53-dependent apoptotic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manal A. Alossaimi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yassine Riadi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghaida N. Alnuwaybit
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shadab Md
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Huda Mohammed Alkreathy
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Engy Elekhnawy
- Pharmaceutical Microbiology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
| | - Mohammed H. Geesi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Humanities in Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Safar M. Alqahtani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Obaid Afzal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
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33
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Licaj M, Mhaidly R, Kieffer Y, Croizer H, Bonneau C, Meng A, Djerroudi L, Mujangi-Ebeka K, Hocine HR, Bourachot B, Magagna I, Leclere R, Guyonnet L, Bohec M, Guérin C, Baulande S, Kamal M, Le Tourneau C, Lecuru F, Becette V, Rouzier R, Vincent-Salomon A, Gentric G, Mechta-Grigoriou F. Residual ANTXR1+ myofibroblasts after chemotherapy inhibit anti-tumor immunity via YAP1 signaling pathway. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1312. [PMID: 38346978 PMCID: PMC10861537 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45595-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Although cancer-associated fibroblast (CAF) heterogeneity is well-established, the impact of chemotherapy on CAF populations remains poorly understood. Here we address this question in high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC), in which we previously identified 4 CAF populations. While the global content in stroma increases in HGSOC after chemotherapy, the proportion of FAP+ CAF (also called CAF-S1) decreases. Still, maintenance of high residual CAF-S1 content after chemotherapy is associated with reduced CD8+ T lymphocyte density and poor patient prognosis, emphasizing the importance of CAF-S1 reduction upon treatment. Single cell analysis, spatial transcriptomics and immunohistochemistry reveal that the content in the ECM-producing ANTXR1+ CAF-S1 cluster (ECM-myCAF) is the most affected by chemotherapy. Moreover, functional assays demonstrate that ECM-myCAF isolated from HGSOC reduce CD8+ T-cell cytotoxicity through a Yes Associated Protein 1 (YAP1)-dependent mechanism. Thus, efficient inhibition after treatment of YAP1-signaling pathway in the ECM-myCAF cluster could enhance CD8+ T-cell cytotoxicity. Altogether, these data pave the way for therapy targeting YAP1 in ECM-myCAF in HGSOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Licaj
- Institut Curie, Stress and Cancer Laboratory, Equipe labélisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, PSL Research University, 26, rue d'Ulm, F-75248, Paris, France
- Inserm, U830, 26, rue d'Ulm, Paris, F-75005, France
| | - Rana Mhaidly
- Institut Curie, Stress and Cancer Laboratory, Equipe labélisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, PSL Research University, 26, rue d'Ulm, F-75248, Paris, France
- Inserm, U830, 26, rue d'Ulm, Paris, F-75005, France
| | - Yann Kieffer
- Institut Curie, Stress and Cancer Laboratory, Equipe labélisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, PSL Research University, 26, rue d'Ulm, F-75248, Paris, France
- Inserm, U830, 26, rue d'Ulm, Paris, F-75005, France
| | - Hugo Croizer
- Institut Curie, Stress and Cancer Laboratory, Equipe labélisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, PSL Research University, 26, rue d'Ulm, F-75248, Paris, France
- Inserm, U830, 26, rue d'Ulm, Paris, F-75005, France
| | - Claire Bonneau
- Institut Curie, Stress and Cancer Laboratory, Equipe labélisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, PSL Research University, 26, rue d'Ulm, F-75248, Paris, France
- Inserm, U830, 26, rue d'Ulm, Paris, F-75005, France
- Department of Surgery, Institut Curie Hospital Group, 35 rue Dailly, 92210, Saint-Cloud, France
| | - Arnaud Meng
- Institut Curie, Stress and Cancer Laboratory, Equipe labélisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, PSL Research University, 26, rue d'Ulm, F-75248, Paris, France
- Inserm, U830, 26, rue d'Ulm, Paris, F-75005, France
| | - Lounes Djerroudi
- Institut Curie, Stress and Cancer Laboratory, Equipe labélisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, PSL Research University, 26, rue d'Ulm, F-75248, Paris, France
- Inserm, U830, 26, rue d'Ulm, Paris, F-75005, France
- Department of Diagnostic and Theragnostic Medicine, Institut Curie Hospital Group, 26, rue d'Ulm, F-75248, Paris, France
| | - Kevin Mujangi-Ebeka
- Institut Curie, Stress and Cancer Laboratory, Equipe labélisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, PSL Research University, 26, rue d'Ulm, F-75248, Paris, France
- Inserm, U830, 26, rue d'Ulm, Paris, F-75005, France
| | - Hocine R Hocine
- Institut Curie, Stress and Cancer Laboratory, Equipe labélisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, PSL Research University, 26, rue d'Ulm, F-75248, Paris, France
- Inserm, U830, 26, rue d'Ulm, Paris, F-75005, France
| | - Brigitte Bourachot
- Institut Curie, Stress and Cancer Laboratory, Equipe labélisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, PSL Research University, 26, rue d'Ulm, F-75248, Paris, France
- Inserm, U830, 26, rue d'Ulm, Paris, F-75005, France
| | - Ilaria Magagna
- Institut Curie, Stress and Cancer Laboratory, Equipe labélisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, PSL Research University, 26, rue d'Ulm, F-75248, Paris, France
- Inserm, U830, 26, rue d'Ulm, Paris, F-75005, France
| | - Renaud Leclere
- Department of Diagnostic and Theragnostic Medicine, Institut Curie Hospital Group, 26, rue d'Ulm, F-75248, Paris, France
| | - Lea Guyonnet
- Cytometry platform, PSL University, Institut Curie, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Mylene Bohec
- ICGex Next-Generation Sequencing Platform, PSL University, Institut Curie, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Coralie Guérin
- Cytometry platform, PSL University, Institut Curie, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Sylvain Baulande
- ICGex Next-Generation Sequencing Platform, PSL University, Institut Curie, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Maud Kamal
- Department of Drug Development and Innovation, Institut Curie Hospital Group, 26, rue d'Ulm, F-75248, Paris, France
| | - Christophe Le Tourneau
- Department of Drug Development and Innovation, Institut Curie Hospital Group, 26, rue d'Ulm, F-75248, Paris, France
- INSERM, U900, Paris-Saclay University, Institut Curie, 35 rue Dailly, 92210, Saint-Cloud, France
| | - Fabrice Lecuru
- Breast, gynecology and reconstructive surgery Department, Institut Curie Hospital Group, Paris Cité University, 26, rue d'Ulm, F-75248, Paris, France
| | - Véronique Becette
- Department of Diagnostic and Theragnostic Medicine, Institut Curie Hospital Group, 35 rue Dailly, 92210, Saint-Cloud, France
| | - Roman Rouzier
- Department of Surgery, Institut Curie Hospital Group, 35 rue Dailly, 92210, Saint-Cloud, France
| | - Anne Vincent-Salomon
- Department of Diagnostic and Theragnostic Medicine, Institut Curie Hospital Group, 26, rue d'Ulm, F-75248, Paris, France
| | - Geraldine Gentric
- Institut Curie, Stress and Cancer Laboratory, Equipe labélisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, PSL Research University, 26, rue d'Ulm, F-75248, Paris, France.
- Inserm, U830, 26, rue d'Ulm, Paris, F-75005, France.
| | - Fatima Mechta-Grigoriou
- Institut Curie, Stress and Cancer Laboratory, Equipe labélisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, PSL Research University, 26, rue d'Ulm, F-75248, Paris, France.
- Inserm, U830, 26, rue d'Ulm, Paris, F-75005, France.
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Wang J, Liu C, Hu R, Wu L, Li C. Statin therapy: a potential adjuvant to immunotherapies in hepatocellular carcinoma. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1324140. [PMID: 38362156 PMCID: PMC10867224 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1324140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most prevalent cancers worldwide and accounts for more than 90% of primary liver cancer. The advent of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-related therapies combined with angiogenesis inhibition has revolutionized the treatment of HCC in late-stage and unresectable HCC, as ICIs alone were disappointing in treating HCC. In addition to the altered immune microenvironment, abnormal lipid metabolism in the liver has been extensively characterized in various types of HCC. Stains are known for their cholesterol-lowering properties and their long history of treating hypercholesterolemia and reducing cardiovascular disease risk. Apart from ICI and other conventional therapies, statins are frequently used by advanced HCC patients with dyslipidemia, which is often marked by the abnormal accumulation of cholesterol and fatty acids in the liver. Supported by a body of preclinical and clinical studies, statins may unexpectedly enhance the efficacy of ICI therapy in HCC patients through the regulation of inflammatory responses and the immune microenvironment. This review discusses the abnormal changes in lipid metabolism in HCC, summarizes the clinical evidence and benefits of stain use in HCC, and prospects the possible mechanistic actions of statins in transforming the immune microenvironment in HCC when combined with immunotherapies. Consequently, the use of statin therapy may emerge as a novel and valuable adjuvant for immunotherapies in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Wuhan Hospital of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chengyu Liu
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Wuhan Hospital of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ronghua Hu
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Wuhan Hospital of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Licheng Wu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, China
| | - Chuanzhou Li
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Bakkalci D, Al-Badri G, Yang W, Nam A, Liang Y, Khurram SA, Heavey S, Fedele S, Cheema U. Spatial transcriptomic interrogation of the tumour-stroma boundary in a 3D engineered model of ameloblastoma. Mater Today Bio 2024; 24:100923. [PMID: 38226014 PMCID: PMC10788620 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2023.100923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Stromal cells are key components of the tumour microenvironment (TME) and their incorporation into 3D engineered tumour-stroma models is essential for tumour mimicry. By engineering tumouroids with distinct tumour and stromal compartments, it has been possible to identify how gene expression of tumour cells is altered and influenced by the presence of different stromal cells. Ameloblastoma is a benign epithelial tumour of the jawbone. In engineered, multi-compartment tumouroids spatial transcriptomics revealed an upregulation of oncogenes in the ameloblastoma transcriptome where osteoblasts were present in the stromal compartment (bone stroma). Where a gingival fibroblast stroma was engineered, the ameloblastoma tumour transcriptome revealed increased matrix remodelling genes. This study provides evidence to show the stromal-specific effect on tumour behaviour and illustrates the importance of engineering biologically relevant stroma for engineered tumour models. Our novel results show that an engineered fibroblast stroma causes the upregulation of matrix remodelling genes in ameloblastoma which directly correlates to measured invasion in the model. In contrast the presence of a bone stroma increases the expression of oncogenes by ameloblastoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deniz Bakkalci
- UCL Centre for 3D Models of Health and Disease, Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, Charles Bell House, 43-45 Foley Street, W1W 7TS, London, UK
| | - Georgina Al-Badri
- Department of Mathematics, University College London, 25 Gordon Street, WC1H 0AY, London, UK
| | - Wei Yang
- NanoString Technologies, 530 Fairview Ave N, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Andy Nam
- NanoString Technologies, 530 Fairview Ave N, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Yan Liang
- NanoString Technologies, 530 Fairview Ave N, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Syed Ali Khurram
- Unit of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, 19 Claremont Crescent, S10 2TA, Sheffield, UK
| | - Susan Heavey
- UCL Centre for 3D Models of Health and Disease, Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, Charles Bell House, 43-45 Foley Street, W1W 7TS, London, UK
| | - Stefano Fedele
- Eastman Dental Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | - Umber Cheema
- UCL Centre for 3D Models of Health and Disease, Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, Charles Bell House, 43-45 Foley Street, W1W 7TS, London, UK
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Zhang J, Tang K, Liu Z, Zhang Z, Duan S, Wang H, Yang H, Yang D, Fan W. Tumor microenvironment-responsive degradable silica nanoparticles: design principles and precision theranostic applications. NANOSCALE HORIZONS 2024; 9:186-214. [PMID: 38164973 DOI: 10.1039/d3nh00388d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Silica nanoparticles have emerged as promising candidates in the field of nanomedicine due to their remarkable versatility and customizable properties. However, concerns about their potential toxicity in healthy tissues and organs have hindered their widespread clinical translation. To address this challenge, significant attention has been directed toward a specific subset of silica nanoparticles, namely degradable silica nanoparticles, primarily because of their excellent biocompatibility and responsive biodegradability. In this review, we provide a comprehensive understanding of degradable silica nanoparticles, categorizing them into two distinct groups: inorganic species-doped and organic moiety-doped silica nanoparticles based on their framework components. Next, the recent progress of tumor microenvironment (TME)-responsive degradable silica nanoparticles for precision theranostic applications is summarized in detail. Finally, current bottlenecks and future opportunities of theranostic nanomedicines based on degradable silica nanoparticles in clinical applications are also outlined and discussed. The aim of this comprehensive review is to shed light on the potential of degradable silica nanoparticles in addressing current challenges in nanomedicine, offering insights into their design, applications in tumor diagnosis and treatment, and paving the way for future advancements in clinical theranostic nanomedicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Zhang
- School of Fundamental Sciences, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233030, P. R. China.
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Kaiyuan Tang
- School of Fundamental Sciences, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233030, P. R. China.
| | - Zilu Liu
- School of Fundamental Sciences, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233030, P. R. China.
| | - Zhijing Zhang
- School of Fundamental Sciences, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233030, P. R. China.
| | - Shufan Duan
- School of Fundamental Sciences, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233030, P. R. China.
| | - Hui Wang
- School of Fundamental Sciences, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233030, P. R. China.
| | - Hui Yang
- School of Fundamental Sciences, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233030, P. R. China.
| | - Dongliang Yang
- Nanjing Polytechnic Institute, Nanjing 210048, P. R. China.
| | - Wenpei Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, Center of Advanced Pharmaceuticals and Biomaterials, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, P. R. China.
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Xin Z, Wen X, Zhou M, Lin H, Liu J. Identification of molecular characteristics of FUT8 and alteration of core fucosylation in kidney renal clear cell cancer. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:2299-2319. [PMID: 38277230 PMCID: PMC10911337 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Kidney renal clear cell cancer (KIRC) is a type of urological cancer that occurs worldwide. Core fucosylation (CF), as the most common post-translational modification, is involved in the tumorigenesis. METHODS The alterations of CF-related genes were summarized in pan-cancer. The "ConsensusClusterPlus" package was utilized to identify two CF-related KIRC subtypes. The "ssgsea" function was chosen to estimate the CF score, signaling pathways and cell deaths. Multiple algorithms were applied to assess immune responses. The "oncoPredict" was utilized to estimate the drug sensitivity. The IHC and subgroup analysis was performed to reveal the molecular features of FUT8. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data were scrutinized to evaluate the CF state. RESULTS In pan-cancer, there was a noticeable alteration in the expression of CF-related genes. In KIRC, two CF-related subtypes (i.e., C1, C2) were obtained. In comparison to C2, C1 exhibited a higher CF score and correlated with poorer overall survival. Additionally, the TME of C2 demonstrated increased activity in neutrophils, macrophages, myeloid dendritic cells, and B cells, alongside a higher presence of silent mast cells, NK cells, and endothelial cells. Compared to normal samples, higher expression of FUT8 is observed in KIRC. The mutation of SETD2 was more frequent in low-FUT8 samples while the mutation of DNAH9 was more frequent in high-FUT8 samples. scRNA-seq analyses revealed that the CF score was predominantly higher in endothelial cells and fibroblast cells. CONCLUSIONS Two CF-related subtypes with distinct prognosis and TME were identified in KIRC. FUT8 exhibited elevated expression in KIRC samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhu Xin
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease of Liaoning Province, The Center for the Transformation Medicine of Kidney Disease of Liaoning Province, Dalian, China
- Liaoning Laboratory of Cancer Genomics and Epigenomics, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Xinyu Wen
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease of Liaoning Province, The Center for the Transformation Medicine of Kidney Disease of Liaoning Province, Dalian, China
| | - Mengying Zhou
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease of Liaoning Province, The Center for the Transformation Medicine of Kidney Disease of Liaoning Province, Dalian, China
| | - Hongli Lin
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease of Liaoning Province, The Center for the Transformation Medicine of Kidney Disease of Liaoning Province, Dalian, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Liaoning Laboratory of Cancer Genomics and Epigenomics, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
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Salehi A. A novel therapeutic strategy: the significance of exosomal miRNAs in acute myeloid leukemia. Med Oncol 2024; 41:62. [PMID: 38253748 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-023-02286-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a fast-growing blood cancer that interferes with the normal growth of blood cells in the bone marrow and blood. It is characterized by its unpredictable outlook and high death rate. The main treatment for AML is chemotherapy, but this often results in drug resistance and the possibility of the disease returning. For this reason, new biomarkers are necessary to diagnose, predict, and treat this disease. Research has demonstrated that cells responsible for AML release exosomes that interact with the disease's microenvironment. These exosomes have significant roles in promoting leukemia growth, suppressing normal hematopoiesis, facilitating angiogenesis, and contributing to drug resistance in AML. Further investigations have shown that these exosomes contain miRNAs, which are transferred to target cells and have functional roles. Biomarkers are utilized to assess various aspects of tumor cell behavior, including proliferation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, changes in the microenvironment, transfer of drug resistance, and stability in serum and blood plasma. In this research, we showed that exosomal miRNAs and exosomes have the potential to be used as indicators for detecting various phases of AML and can aid in its medical treatment. Furthermore, they can be specifically targeted for therapeutic purposes in addressing this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Salehi
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of New Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
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Mahalingam D, Harb W, Patnaik A, Bullock A, Watnick RS, Vincent MY, Chen JJ, Wang S, Pestana H, Chao J, Mahoney J, Cieslewicz M, Watnick J. First-in-human phase I dose escalation trial of the first-in-class tumor microenvironment modulator VT1021 in advanced solid tumors. COMMUNICATIONS MEDICINE 2024; 4:10. [PMID: 38218979 PMCID: PMC10787778 DOI: 10.1038/s43856-024-00433-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND VT1021 is a cyclic peptide that induces the expression of thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1) in myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) recruited to the tumor microenvironment (TME). TSP-1 reprograms the TME via binding to CD36 and CD47 to induce tumor and endothelial cell apoptosis as well as immune modulation in the TME. METHODS Study VT1021-01 (ClinicalTrials.gov ID NCT03364400) used a modified 3 + 3 design. The primary objective was to determine the recommended Phase 2 dose (RP2D) in patients with advanced solid tumors. Safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics (PK) were assessed. Patients were dosed twice weekly intravenously in 9 cohorts (0.5-15.6 mg/kg). Safety was evaluated using CTCAE version 5.0 and the anti-tumor activity was evaluated by RECIST version 1.1. RESULTS The RP2D of VT1021 is established at 11.8 mg/kg. VT1021 is well tolerated with no dose-limiting toxicities reported (0/38). The most frequent drug-related adverse events are fatigue (15.8%), nausea (10.5%), and infusion-related reactions (10.5%). Exposure increases proportionally from 0.5 to 8.8 mg/kg. The disease control rate (DCR) is 42.9% with 12 of 28 patients deriving clinical benefit including a partial response (PR) in one thymoma patient (504 days). CONCLUSIONS VT1021 is safe and well-tolerated across all doses tested. RP2D has been selected for future clinical studies. PR and SD with tumor shrinkage are observed in multiple patients underscoring the single-agent potential of VT1021. Expansion studies in GBM, pancreatic cancer and other solid tumors at the RP2D have been completed and results will be communicated in a separate report.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wael Harb
- Horizon Oncology Center, Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Amita Patnaik
- South Texas Accelerated Research Therapeutics, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Judy Chao
- Vigeo Therapeutics, Cambridge, MA, USA
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Qi J, Liu S, Zhang Z. What role does GPR65 play in the progression of osteosarcoma? Its mechanism and clinical significance. Cancer Cell Int 2024; 24:31. [PMID: 38218960 PMCID: PMC10788037 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-024-03216-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND GPR65 is a pH-sensing G-protein-coupled receptor that acts as a key innate immune checkpoint in the human tumor microenvironment, inhibiting the release of inflammatory factors and inducing significant upregulation of tissue repair genes. However, the expression pattern and function of GPR65 in osteosarcoma (OS) remain unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate and elucidate the role of GPR65 in the microenvironment, proliferation and migration of OS. METHODS Retrospective RNA-seq data analysis was conducted in a cohort of 97 patients with OS data in the TAEGET database. In addition, single-cell sequencing data from six surgical specimens of human OS patients was used to analyze the molecular evolution process during OS genesis. Tissues chips and bioinformatics results were used to verify GPR65 expression level in OS. MTT, colony formation, EdU assay, wound healing, transwell assay and F-actin assay were utilized to analyze cell proliferation and invasion of OS cancer cells. RNA-seq was used to explore the potential mechanism of GPR65's role in OS. RESULTS GPR65 expression was significantly low in OS, and subgroup analysis found that younger OS patients, OS patients in metastatic status, and overall survival and progression free survival OS patients had lower GPR65 expression. From ScRNA-seq data of GSE162454, we found the expression of GPR65 is significantly positively correlated with CD4 + T cells CD8 + T cells and OS related macrophage infiltration. Verification experiment found that silencing the expression of GPR65 in osteosarcoma cells U2OS and HOS could promote the proliferation and invasion process, RNA-seq results showed that the role of GPR65 in OS cells was related to immune system, metabolism and signal transduction. CONCLUSION The low expression of GPR65 in OS leads to high metastasis rate and poor prognosis in OS patients. The suppression of immune escape and inhibition of proliferation may be a key pathway for GPR65 to participate in the progression of OS. The current study strengthens the role of GPR65 in OS development and provides a potential biomarker for the prognosis of OS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Qi
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College), Wuhu, 241001, Anhui Province, China
| | - Sihang Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College), Wuhu, 241001, Anhui Province, China
| | - Zhirui Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College), Wuhu, 241001, Anhui Province, China.
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Gurunathan S, Thangaraj P, Wang L, Cao Q, Kim JH. Nanovaccines: An effective therapeutic approach for cancer therapy. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 170:115992. [PMID: 38070247 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer vaccines hold considerable promise for the immunotherapy of solid tumors. Nanomedicine offers several strategies for enhancing vaccine effectiveness. In particular, molecular or (sub) cellular vaccines can be delivered to the target lymphoid tissues and cells by nanocarriers and nanoplatforms to increase the potency and durability of antitumor immunity and minimize negative side effects. Nanovaccines use nanoparticles (NPs) as carriers and/or adjuvants, offering the advantages of optimal nanoscale size, high stability, ample antigen loading, high immunogenicity, tunable antigen presentation, increased retention in lymph nodes, and immunity promotion. To induce antitumor immunity, cancer vaccines rely on tumor antigens, which are administered in the form of entire cells, peptides, nucleic acids, extracellular vesicles (EVs), or cell membrane-encapsulated NPs. Ideal cancer vaccines stimulate both humoral and cellular immunity while overcoming tumor-induced immune suppression. Herein, we review the key properties of nanovaccines for cancer immunotherapy and highlight the recent advances in their development based on the structure and composition of various (including synthetic and semi (biogenic) nanocarriers. Moreover, we discuss tumor cell-derived vaccines (including those based on whole-tumor-cell components, EVs, cell membrane-encapsulated NPs, and hybrid membrane-coated NPs), nanovaccine action mechanisms, and the challenges of immunocancer therapy and their translation to clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangiliyandi Gurunathan
- Department of Biotechnology, Rathinam College of Arts and Science, Eachanari, Coimbatore 641 021, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Pratheep Thangaraj
- Department of Biotechnology, Rathinam College of Arts and Science, Eachanari, Coimbatore 641 021, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Lin Wang
- Research and Development Department, Qingdao Haier Biotech Co., Ltd., Qingdao, China
| | - Qilong Cao
- Research and Development Department, Qingdao Haier Biotech Co., Ltd., Qingdao, China
| | - Jin-Hoi Kim
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea.
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Rismanbaf A. Improving targeted small molecule drugs to overcome chemotherapy resistance. Cancer Rep (Hoboken) 2024; 7:e1945. [PMID: 37994401 PMCID: PMC10809209 DOI: 10.1002/cnr2.1945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Conventional cancer treatments face the challenge of therapeutic resistance, which causes poor treatment outcomes. The use of combination therapies can improve treatment results in patients and is one of the solutions to overcome this challenge. Chemotherapy is one of the conventional treatments that, due to the non-targeted and lack of specificity in targeting cancer cells, can cause serious complications in the short and long-term for patients by damaging healthy cells. Also, the employment of a wide range of strategies for chemotherapy resistance by cancer cells, metastasis, and cancer recurrence create serious problems to achieve the desired results of chemotherapy. Accordingly, targeted therapies can be used as a combination treatment with chemotherapy to both cause less damage to healthy cells, which as a result, they reduce the side effects of chemotherapy, and by targeting the factors that cause therapeutic challenges, can improve the results of chemotherapy in patients. RECENT FINDINGS Small molecules are one of the main targeted therapies that can be used for diverse targets in cancer treatment due to their penetration ability and characteristics. However, small molecules in cancer treatment are facing obstacles that a better understanding of cancer biology, as well as the mechanisms and factors involved in chemotherapy resistance, can lead to the improvement of this type of major targeted therapy. CONCLUSION In this review article, at first, the challenges that lead to not achieving the desired results in chemotherapy and how cancer cells can be resistant to chemotherapy are examined, and at the end, research areas are suggested that more focusing on them, can lead to the improvement of the results of using targeted small molecules as an adjunctive treatment for chemotherapy in the conditions of chemotherapy resistance and metastasis of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amirhossein Rismanbaf
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical SciencesIslamic Azad UniversityTehranIran
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Valente R, Cordeiro S, Luz A, Melo MC, Rodrigues CR, Baptista PV, Fernandes AR. Doxorubicin-sensitive and -resistant colorectal cancer spheroid models: assessing tumor microenvironment features for therapeutic modulation. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1310397. [PMID: 38188017 PMCID: PMC10771845 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1310397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The research on tumor microenvironment (TME) has recently been gaining attention due to its important role in tumor growth, progression, and response to therapy. Because of this, the development of three-dimensional cancer models that mimic the interactions in the TME and the tumor structure and complexity is of great relevance to cancer research and drug development. Methods: This study aimed to characterize colorectal cancer spheroids overtime and assess how the susceptibility or resistance to doxorubicin (Dox) or the inclusion of fibroblasts in heterotypic spheroids influence and modulate their secretory activity, namely the release of extracellular vesicles (EVs), and the response to Dox-mediated chemotherapy. Different characteristics were assessed over time, namely spheroid growth, viability, presence of hypoxia, expression of hypoxia and inflammation-associated genes and proteins. Due to the importance of EVs in biomarker discovery with impact on early diagnostics, prognostics and response to treatment, proteomic profiling of the EVs released by the different 3D spheroid models was also assessed. Response to treatment was also monitored by assessing Dox internalization and its effects on the different 3D spheroid structures and on the cell viability. Results and Discussion: The results show that distinct features are affected by both Dox resistance and the presence of fibroblasts. Fibroblasts can stabilize spheroid models, through the modulation of their growth, viability, hypoxia and inflammation levels, as well as the expressions of its associated transcripts/proteins, and promotes alterations in the protein profile exhibit by EVs. Summarily, fibroblasts can increase cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix interactions, making the heterotypic spheroids a great model to study TME and understand TME role in chemotherapies resistance. Dox resistance induction is shown to influence the internalization of Dox, especially in homotypic spheroids, and it is also shown to influence cell viability and consequently the chemoresistance of those spheroids when exposed to Dox. Taken together these results highlight the importance of finding and characterizing different 3D models resembling more closely the in vivo interactions of tumors with their microenvironment as well as modulating drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruben Valente
- Associate Laboratory i4HB–Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, Caparica, Portugal
- UCIBIO–Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Life Sciences, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Sandra Cordeiro
- Associate Laboratory i4HB–Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, Caparica, Portugal
- UCIBIO–Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Life Sciences, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, Caparica, Portugal
| | - André Luz
- Associate Laboratory i4HB–Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, Caparica, Portugal
- UCIBIO–Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Life Sciences, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Maria C. Melo
- Associate Laboratory i4HB–Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, Caparica, Portugal
- UCIBIO–Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Life Sciences, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Catarina Roma Rodrigues
- Associate Laboratory i4HB–Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, Caparica, Portugal
- UCIBIO–Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Life Sciences, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Pedro V. Baptista
- Associate Laboratory i4HB–Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, Caparica, Portugal
- UCIBIO–Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Life Sciences, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Alexandra R. Fernandes
- Associate Laboratory i4HB–Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, Caparica, Portugal
- UCIBIO–Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Life Sciences, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, Caparica, Portugal
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Li M, Li L, Cheng X, Li L, Tu K. Hypoxia promotes the growth and metastasis of ovarian cancer cells by suppressing ferroptosis via upregulating SLC2A12. Exp Cell Res 2023; 433:113851. [PMID: 37940066 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2023.113851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ovarian cancer has been a worldwide health burden for women and its progression is highly hypoxia-independent. Here, we investigated the exact mechanisms by which hypoxia contributes to the malignant progression of ovarian cancer. METHOD MTT, transwell, colony formation, and scratch wound healing assays were carried out for cellular functions. The underlying mechanism by which hypoxia functions was explored by RNA-seq, enrichment analysis, western blotting, qRT-PCR, flow cytometry, ChIP, luciferase reporter, and ELISA. Finally, animal experiments including the xenograft model and tumor metastasis model were constructed to validate the role of SLC2A12 in vivo. RESULTS Hypoxia treatment promoted the cell proliferation, mobility, and colony growth abilities of the two ovarian cancer cell lines HO-8910 and A2780. RNA-seq and enrichment analysis showed that SLC2A12 was hyper-expressed under hypoxia condition and it may be related to glutathione and lipid metabolism. Besides, the expression of SLC2A12 was negatively correlated with overall survival. Hypoxia suppressed ferroptosis by SLC2A12 because silencing SLC2A12 declined the cell viability of HO-8910 and A2780 cells under hypoxia conditions, while the ferroptosis inhibitor ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1) breached that result and upregulated the expression of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4). Moreover, hypoxia increased the expression of hypoxia inducible factor 1 A (HIF-1A), and the accumulated HIF-1A binds to hypoxia inducible factor 1 B (HIF1B) to form HIF-1 complex, then promoted the binding of hypoxic response elements (HRE) to SLC2A12 promoter by HIF-1/HRE signal. Subsequently, SLC2A12 regulated glutathione metabolism and in turn inhibited ferroptosis. The animal experiments indicated that silencing SLC2A12 could significantly inhibit tumor growth and metastasis in vivo. CONCLUSION Hypoxia promoted ovarian cancer progression by upregulating SLC2A12 and then regulating glutathione metabolism to inhibit ferroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingmei Li
- Department of Oncology, Jiangxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, No. 508 Xizhan Street, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Oncology, Jiangxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, No. 508 Xizhan Street, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Cheng
- Department of Oncology, Jiangxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, No. 508 Xizhan Street, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Longyu Li
- Department of Oncology, Jiangxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, No. 508 Xizhan Street, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Kaijia Tu
- Department of Oncology, Jiangxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, No. 508 Xizhan Street, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.
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Wu H, Lin R, Hong L. Two lncRNA signatures with cuproptosis as a novel prognostic model and clinicopathological value for endometrioid endometrial adenocarcinoma. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:14242-14262. [PMID: 38085674 PMCID: PMC10756113 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cuproptosis may contribute to tumorigenesis. However, the predictive value and therapeutic significance of cuproptosis-related lncRNAs (CRLs) in endometrioid endometrial adenocarcinoma (EEA) remains unknown. METHODS We obtained RNA-seq data from TCGA database and searched the Literature to identify cuproptosis-related genes. Using machine learning models, we identified prognostic lncRNAs for cuproptosis. Immune properties and drug sensitivity were investigated based on these signatures. Further, a ceRNA network was constructed by bioinformatics and in vitro experiments were performed. RESULTS We determined two cuproptosis-related signatures to build the prognostic model in EEA. Afterward, the risk scores of two cuproptosis-related signatures were associated with clinicopathological molecular typing and as independent prognostic factors for EEA. In addition, we observed significant differences in immune function, checkpoints, and CD8+ T lymphocyte infiltration between the two risk groups. Furthermore, chemotherapy drugs such as AKT inhibitors exhibited lower IC50 values in the high-risk group. We speculate that ACOXL-AS1 can be served as an endogenous 'sponge' to regulate the expression of MTF1 by miR-421. Through in vitro experiments, we preliminarily validated the ceRNA network relationship in the cellular model. CONCLUSION In EEAs, this study proposed a broad molecular signature of CRLs are promising biomarkers for predicting clinical outcomes and therapeutic responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongrong Wu
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Ruilin Lin
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Liangli Hong
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
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46
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Ritu, Chandra P, Das A. Immune checkpoint targeting antibodies hold promise for combinatorial cancer therapeutics. Clin Exp Med 2023; 23:4297-4322. [PMID: 37804358 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-023-01201-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
Through improving the immune system's ability to recognize and combat tumor cells as well as its receptivity to changes in the tumor microenvironment, immunotherapy has emerged as a highly successful addition to the treatment of cancer. However, tumor heterogeneity poses a significant challenge in cancer therapy as it can undermine the anti-tumor immune response through the manipulation of the extracellular matrix. To address these challenges and improve targeted therapies and combination treatments, the food and drug administration has approved several immunomodulatory antibodies to suppress immunological checkpoints. Combinatorial therapies necessitate the identification of multiple targets that regulate the intricate communication between immune cells, cytokines, chemokines, and cellular responses within the tumor microenvironment. The purpose of this study is to provide a comprehensive overview of the ongoing clinical trials involving immunomodulatory antibodies in various cancer types. It explores the potential of these antibodies to modulate the immune system and enhance anti-tumor responses. Additionally, it discusses the perspectives and prospects of immunomodulatory therapeutics in cancer treatment. Although immunotherapy shows great promise in cancer treatment, it is not exempt from side effects that can arise due to hyperactivity of the immune system. Therefore, understanding the intricate balance between immune activation and regulation is crucial for minimizing these adverse effects and optimizing treatment outcomes. This study aims to contribute to the growing body of knowledge surrounding immunomodulatory antibodies and their potential as effective therapeutic options in cancer treatment, ultimately paving the way for improved patient outcomes and deepening our perception of the intricate interactivity between the immune system and tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritu
- Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Main Bawana Road, New Delhi, 110042, India
| | - Prakash Chandra
- Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Main Bawana Road, New Delhi, 110042, India
| | - Asmita Das
- Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Main Bawana Road, New Delhi, 110042, India.
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Kim DH, Song NY, Yim H. Targeting dysregulated lipid metabolism in the tumor microenvironment. Arch Pharm Res 2023; 46:855-881. [PMID: 38060103 PMCID: PMC10725365 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-023-01473-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
The reprogramming of lipid metabolism and its association with oncogenic signaling pathways within the tumor microenvironment (TME) have emerged as significant hallmarks of cancer. Lipid metabolism is defined as a complex set of molecular processes including lipid uptake, synthesis, transport, and degradation. The dysregulation of lipid metabolism is affected by enzymes and signaling molecules directly or indirectly involved in the lipid metabolic process. Regulation of lipid metabolizing enzymes has been shown to modulate cancer development and to avoid resistance to anticancer drugs in tumors and the TME. Because of this, understanding the metabolic reprogramming associated with oncogenic progression is important to develop strategies for cancer treatment. Recent advances provide insight into fundamental mechanisms and the connections between altered lipid metabolism and tumorigenesis. In this review, we explore alterations to lipid metabolism and the pivotal factors driving lipid metabolic reprogramming, which exacerbate cancer progression. We also shed light on the latest insights and current therapeutic approaches based on small molecular inhibitors and phytochemicals targeting lipid metabolism for cancer treatment. Further investigations are worthwhile to fully understand the underlying mechanisms and the correlation between altered lipid metabolism and carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Do-Hee Kim
- Department of Chemistry, College of Convergence and Integrated Science, Kyonggi University, Suwon, 16227, Korea
| | - Na-Young Song
- Department of Applied Life Science, The Graduate School, BK21 Four Project, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Korea
- Department of Oral Biology, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Hyungshin Yim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan, 15588, Korea.
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Maimaiti A, Abulaiti A, Tang B, Dilixiati Y, Li X, Yakufu S, Wang Y, Jiang L, Shao H. Radiogenomic landscape: Assessment of specific phagocytosis regulators in lower-grade gliomas. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2023; 248:2289-2303. [PMID: 38062999 PMCID: PMC10903236 DOI: 10.1177/15353702231211939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9 knockout screens have emerged as a powerful method for identifying key genes driving tumor growth. The aim of this study was to explore the phagocytosis regulators (PRs) specifically associated with lower-grade glioma (LGG) using the CRISPR-Cas9 screening database. Identifying these core PRs could lead to novel therapeutic targets and pave the way for a non-invasive radiogenomics approach to assess LGG patients' prognosis and treatment response. We selected 24 PRs that were overexpressed and lethal in LGG for analysis. The identified PR subtypes (PRsClusters, geneClusters, and PRs-score models) effectively predicted clinical outcomes in LGG patients. Immune response markers, such as CTLA4, were found to be significantly associated with PR-score. Nine radiogenomics models using various machine learning classifiers were constructed to uncover survival risk. The area under the curve (AUC) values for these models in the test and training datasets were 0.686 and 0.868, respectively. The CRISPR-Cas9 screen identified novel prognostic radiogenomics biomarkers that correlated well with the expression status of specific PR-related genes in LGG patients. These biomarkers successfully stratified patient survival outcomes and treatment response using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. This study has important implications for the development of precise clinical treatment strategies and holds promise for more accurate therapeutic approaches for LGG patients in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aierpati Maimaiti
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neurosurgery Centre, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830054, China
| | - Aimitaji Abulaiti
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neurosurgery Centre, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830054, China
| | - Bin Tang
- Imaging Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830054, China
| | | | - Xueqi Li
- Imaging Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830054, China
| | - Suobinuer Yakufu
- Imaging Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830054, China
| | - Yongxin Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neurosurgery Centre, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830054, China
| | - Lei Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neurosurgery Centre, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830054, China
| | - Hua Shao
- Imaging Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830054, China
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Chai K, Wang C, Zhou J, Mu W, Gao M, Fan Z, Lv G. Quenching thirst with poison? Paradoxical effect of anticancer drugs. Pharmacol Res 2023; 198:106987. [PMID: 37949332 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Anticancer drugs have been developed with expectations to provide long-term or at least short-term survival benefits for patients with cancer. Unfortunately, drug therapy tends to provoke malignant biological and clinical behaviours of cancer cells relating not only to the evolution of resistance to specific drugs but also to the enhancement of their proliferation and metastasis abilities. Thus, drug therapy is suspected to impair long-term survival in treated patients under certain circumstances. The paradoxical therapeutic effects could be described as 'quenching thirst with poison', where temporary relief is sought regardless of the consequences. Understanding the underlying mechanisms by which tumours react on drug-induced stress to maintain viability is crucial to develop rational targeting approaches which may optimize survival in patients with cancer. In this review, we describe the paradoxical adverse effects of anticancer drugs, in particular how cancer cells complete resistance evolution, enhance proliferation, escape from immune surveillance and metastasize efficiently when encountered with drug therapy. We also describe an integrative therapeutic framework that may diminish such paradoxical effects, consisting of four main strategies: (1) targeting endogenous stress response pathways, (2) targeting new identities of cancer cells, (3) adaptive therapy- exploiting subclonal competition of cancer cells, and (4) targeting tumour microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiyuan Chai
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, General Surgery Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Chuanlei Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, General Surgery Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Jianpeng Zhou
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, General Surgery Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Wentao Mu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, General Surgery Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Menghan Gao
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, General Surgery Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Zhongqi Fan
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, General Surgery Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China.
| | - Guoyue Lv
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, General Surgery Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China.
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Li H, Li J, Qu X, Dai H, Liu J, Ma M, Wang J, Dong W, Wang W. Establishment and validation of a novel lysosome-related gene signature for predicting prognosis and immune landscape in hepatocellular carcinoma. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023; 149:17543-17557. [PMID: 37903936 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-05477-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies have shown that lysosomes not only provide energy for tumor cell growth, but also participate in the occurrence and development of malignant tumors by regulating various ways of tumor cell death. However, the role of lysosome associated genes (LSAGs) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains unclear. METHODS Transcriptome data and clinical data of HCC were downloaded from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) databases. We identified differential expression of LSAGs by comparing tumor tissue with normal liver tissue. Subsequently, we used univariate COX analysis and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) COX regression to construct the prognostic feature of LSAGs. Kaplan-Meier survival curve and receiver operating characteristic curve were used to evaluate the predictive ability of LSAGs feature. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) were used for functional enrichment analysis of risk differential genes. The relationship between LSAGs score and tumor microenvironment and chemotherapy drug sensitivity was analyzed. Finally, the cellular communication of tumor cells with high and low expression of model LSAGs was explored. RESULTS We identified sixteen prognostic associated LSAGs, four of which were selected to construct prognostic feature of LSAGs. Patients in the low LSAGs group had a better prognosis than those in the high LSAGs group. GO and KEGG analyses showed that risk differential genes were enriched in leukocyte migration, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction and PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. The group with low LSAGs score had lower immune score. Patients in the high LSAGs group were more sensitive to drugs for chemotherapy. In addition, tumor cells with high expression of model LSAGs showed stronger association with immune cells through the interleukin-2 (IL2), fibroblast growth factor (FGF), adiponectin, and bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP) signaling pathways. CONCLUSION We established a LSAGs signature that had the ability to predict clinical prognosis and immune landscape, proposing potential therapeutic targets for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoling Li
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui, 233030, China
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui, 233030, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Pudong New Area People's Hospital, Shanghai, 201299, China
| | - Xiangyu Qu
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui, 233030, China
| | - Hengwen Dai
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui, 233030, China
| | - Junjie Liu
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui, 233030, China
| | - Mengxi Ma
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui, 233030, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Pudong New Area People's Hospital, Shanghai, 201299, China.
| | - Wei Dong
- Department of Hepatic Surgery, The Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200438, China.
| | - Wenrui Wang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui, 233030, China.
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui, 233030, China.
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