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Delfan M, Behzadi NJ, Amadeh Juybari R, Daneshyar S, Saeidi A, Willems ME, Hackney AC, Laher I, Zouhal H. Adipokine modulation in obesity: Evaluating the integrative impact of chlorella vulgaris supplementation and interval resistance training in obese males. J Funct Foods 2024; 119:106315. [PMID: 39036605 PMCID: PMC11257098 DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2024.106315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Aims To evaluate the effects of 12-week chlorella vulgaris (CV) combined with interval resistance training (IRT) on plasma levels of leptin, adiponectin and neuregulin-4 (Nrg-4) in obese men. Methods Obese men (n = 44, BMI of 32.1 ± 1.5 kg/m2) were randomly allocated to the following groups of 11 participants per group: Control Placebo group (CP), CV supplement group (CV), Interval Resistance Training group plus Placebo (IRT + P), and Interval Resistance Training plus CV supplement group (IRT + CV). IRT was performed three times a week for 12 weeks using three sets of 10 repetitions at 60 % 1RM, and integrating an active rest interval with 15 repetitions at 20 % 1RM. Participants consumed either CV (1800 mg daily) or a placebo. Pre- and post-intervention blood samples were obtained to assess adipokines which were measured by ELISA. Results While CV or IRT separately did not alter plasma levels of leptin (p > 0.05), their combination reduced leptin levels (p = 0.007). IRT and IRT plus CV increased the plasma levels of adiponectin and Nrg-4 (p < 0.01). An intergroup comparison indicated significant elevations of adiponectin and Nrg-4 in the CV compared to the CP group (p < 0.05). Conclusion The combination of IRT and CV modulates plasma levels of leptin, adiponectin and NRG4 more effectively than either IRT or CV separately in obese men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Delfan
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nastaran Javadi Behzadi
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Raheleh Amadeh Juybari
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Daneshyar
- Department of Physical Education, Hamedan University of Technology, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Ayoub Saeidi
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Kurdistan, Iran
| | - Mark E.T. Willems
- Institute of Applied Sciences, University of Chichester, Chichester PO19 6PE, UK
| | - Anthony C. Hackney
- Department of Exercise & Sport Science, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Ismail Laher
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology, and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Hassane Zouhal
- Univ Rennes, M2S (Laboratoire Mouvement, Sport, Santé) - EA 1274, F-35000 Rennes, France
- Institut International des Sciences du Sport (2I2S), 35850, Irodouer, France
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Miracle CE, McCallister CL, Egleton RD, Salisbury TB. Mechanisms by which obesity regulates inflammation and anti-tumor immunity in cancer. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 733:150437. [PMID: 39074412 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024]
Abstract
Obesity is associated with an increased risk for 13 different cancers. The increased risk for cancer in obesity is mediated by obesity-associated changes in the immune system. Obesity has distinct effects on different types of inflammation that are tied to tumorigenesis. For example, obesity promotes chronic inflammation in adipose tissue that is tumor-promoting in peripheral tissues. Conversely, obesity inhibits acute inflammation that rejects tumors. Obesity therefore promotes cancer by differentially regulating chronic versus acute inflammation. Given that obesity is chronic, the initial inflammation in adipose tissue will lead to systemic inflammation that could induce compensatory anti-inflammatory reactions in peripheral tissues to suppress chronic inflammation. The overall effect of obesity in peripheral tissues is therefore dependent on the duration and severity of obesity. Adipose tissue is a complex tissue that is composed of many cell types in addition to adipocytes. Further, adipose tissue cellularity is different at different anatomical sites throughout the body. Consequently, the sensitivity of adipose tissue to obesity is dependent on the anatomical location of the adipose depot. For example, obesity induces more inflammation in visceral than subcutaneous adipose tissue. Based on these studies, the mechanisms by which obesity promotes tumorigenesis are multifactorial and immune cell type-specific. The objective of our paper is to discuss the cellular mechanisms by which obesity promotes tumorigenesis by regulating distinct types of inflammation in adipose tissue and the tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cora E Miracle
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, 1 John Marshall Drive, Huntington, WV, 25755, USA.
| | - Chelsea L McCallister
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, 1 John Marshall Drive, Huntington, WV, 25755, USA.
| | - Richard D Egleton
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, 1 John Marshall Drive, Huntington, WV, 25755, USA.
| | - Travis B Salisbury
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, 1 John Marshall Drive, Huntington, WV, 25755, USA.
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Mutlu HH, Koç Ada S, Uzunlulu M, Mutlu HH, Sargın M, Oğuz A. A comparison of brown fat tissue related hormone levels in metabolically healthy and unhealthy individuals with obesity. Endocrine 2024:10.1007/s12020-024-03960-8. [PMID: 39008201 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-024-03960-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE One of the key functions of brown adipose tissue is its positive impact on metabolism. This study aimed to examine the potential involvement of brown fat-related hormones in the development of metabolically healthy obesity. Specifically, we sought to compare the levels of NRG4, FGF21, and irisin between metabolically healthy and unhealthy individuals with obesity. METHODS Patients with BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 and aged between 20 and 50 years were included in the study. Among these patients, those who did not have any metabolic syndrome criteria except for increased waist circumference were defined as metabolically healthy obese. Age, gender, BMI, body fat, and muscle mass, matched metabolically healthy and unhealthy obese groups were compared in terms of FGF21, irisin, and NRG4 levels. RESULTS Metabolically healthy and unhealthy obese groups were similar in terms of age and gender. There was no difference between the two groups in terms of BMI, weight, total body fat, muscle, fat-free mass, distribution of body fat and muscle mass. No statistically significant difference was found between irisin, NRG4, and FGF21 levels between metabolically healthy and unhealthy individuals with obesity. It was found that irisin had a significant inverse correlation with BMI and body fat percentage. CONCLUSION The present study showed no difference between metabolically healthy and unhealthy obese individuals in terms of irisin, FGF21, and NRG4 levels. The weak association between irisin and BMI and body fat percentage may suggest a potential link between irisin with metabolic health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hacer Hicran Mutlu
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Saniye Koç Ada
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Uzunlulu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hasan Hüseyin Mutlu
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Health Sciences University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Sargın
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Aytekin Oğuz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Istanbul, Turkey
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4
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Pelczyńska M, Miller-Kasprzak E, Piątkowski M, Mazurek R, Klause M, Suchecka A, Bucoń M, Bogdański P. The Role of Adipokines and Myokines in the Pathogenesis of Different Obesity Phenotypes-New Perspectives. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:2046. [PMID: 38136166 PMCID: PMC10740719 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12122046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a characteristic disease of the twenty-first century that is affecting an increasing percentage of society. Obesity expresses itself in different phenotypes: normal-weight obesity (NWO), metabolically obese normal-weight (MONW), metabolically healthy obesity (MHO), and metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUO). A range of pathophysiological mechanisms underlie the occurrence of obesity, including inflammation, oxidative stress, adipokine secretion, and other processes related to the pathophysiology of adipose tissue (AT). Body mass index (BMI) is the key indicator in the diagnosis of obesity; however, in the case of the NWO and MONW phenotypes, the metabolic disturbances are present despite BMI being within the normal range. On the other hand, MHO subjects with elevated BMI values do not present metabolic abnormalities. The MUO phenotype involves both a high BMI value and an abnormal metabolic profile. In this regard, attention has been focused on the variety of molecules produced by AT and their role in the development of obesity. Nesfatin-1, neuregulin 4, myonectin, irisin, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) all seem to have protective effects against obesity. The primary mechanism underlying the action of nesfatin-1 involves an increase in insulin sensitivity and reduced food intake. Neuregulin 4 sup-presses lipogenesis, decreases lipid accumulation, and reduces chronic low-grade inflammation. Myonectin lowers the amount of fatty acids in the bloodstream by increasing their absorption in the liver and AT. Irisin stimulates the browning of white adipose tissue (WAT) and consequently in-creases energy expenditure, additionally regulating glucose metabolism. Another molecule, BDNF, has anorexigenic effects. Decorin protects against the development of hyperglycemia, but may also contribute to proinflammatory processes. Similar effects are shown in the case of visfatin and chemerin, which may predispose to obesity. Visfatin increases adipogenesis, causes cholesterol accumulation in macrophages, and contributes to the development of glucose intolerance. Chemerin induces angiogenesis, which promotes the expansion of AT. This review aims to discuss the role of adipokines and myokines in the pathogenesis of the different obesity phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Pelczyńska
- Chair and Department of Treatment of Obesity, Metabolic Disorders and Clinical Dietetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 84 Szamarzewskiego Street, 60-569 Poznań, Poland; (E.M.-K.); (P.B.)
| | - Ewa Miller-Kasprzak
- Chair and Department of Treatment of Obesity, Metabolic Disorders and Clinical Dietetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 84 Szamarzewskiego Street, 60-569 Poznań, Poland; (E.M.-K.); (P.B.)
| | - Marcin Piątkowski
- Faculty of Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 70 Bukowska Street, 60-812 Poznań, Poland
| | - Roksana Mazurek
- Faculty of Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 70 Bukowska Street, 60-812 Poznań, Poland
| | - Mateusz Klause
- Faculty of Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 70 Bukowska Street, 60-812 Poznań, Poland
| | - Anna Suchecka
- Faculty of Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 70 Bukowska Street, 60-812 Poznań, Poland
| | - Magdalena Bucoń
- Faculty of Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 70 Bukowska Street, 60-812 Poznań, Poland
| | - Paweł Bogdański
- Chair and Department of Treatment of Obesity, Metabolic Disorders and Clinical Dietetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 84 Szamarzewskiego Street, 60-569 Poznań, Poland; (E.M.-K.); (P.B.)
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Akshay D, Chauhan A, Goyal P, Pranesh V. Study of neuregulin-4 levels in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Family Med Prim Care 2023; 12:2888-2893. [PMID: 38186791 PMCID: PMC10771202 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_265_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Neuregulin-4 is a recently recognized adipokine acting as ligands to tyrosine kinases receptor of the Erb B family. This adipose tissue augmented endocrine factor participates in the modulation of lipid and glucose metabolism and energy homeostasis. This novel adipokine is associated with insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, obesity, oxidative stress, and inflammation. Objective The study aimed to compare plasma levels of neuregulin-4 in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus as compared to matched controls and to correlate with glycemic and lipid parameters. Materials and Methods 100 newly diagnosed T2DM patients and 100 age, sex, and BMI-matched controls after fulfilling all exclusion and inclusion criteria were included in the study. Fasting and postprandial blood glucose levels, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and fasting plasma insulin levels were measured in both cases and controls. HOMA-IR values in both groups were calculated using fasting glucose and insulin levels. Results Mean levels of plasma neuregulin-4(pg/mL) in newly diagnosed T2DM were 7949.76 ± 949.76) pg/ml, which was significantly lower as compared to 9143 ±949.76) pg/ml in the control group (P-value <.0001). In the present study, a significant negative correlation was seen between plasma neuregulin-4 (pg/mL) with fasting blood sugar, postprandial blood sugar, HbA1C, and HOMA-IR with a correlation coefficient of -0.303, -0.416, -0.433, and -0.514, respectively. Moreover, a significant positive correlation was seen between plasma neuregulin-4 (pg/mL) with HDL with a correlation coefficient of 0.216. A significant negative correlation was seen between plasma neuregulin-4 (pg/mL) and LDL, with a correlation coefficient -0.208. Conclusion Neuregulin levels are significantly lower in diabetics as compared to controls. There levels correlated inversely with HbA1C and HOMA IR.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Akshay
- Atal Bihari Vajpayee Institute of Medical Sciences (ABVIMS), Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Ajay Chauhan
- Atal Bihari Vajpayee Institute of Medical Sciences (ABVIMS), Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Parul Goyal
- Atal Bihari Vajpayee Institute of Medical Sciences (ABVIMS), Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - V Pranesh
- Atal Bihari Vajpayee Institute of Medical Sciences (ABVIMS), Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital, New Delhi, Delhi, India
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Pakyurek H, Aykota MR, Kilic-Erkek O, Ozban M, Senol H, Bor-Kucukatay M. Investigation of time-dependent alterations in adipokine levels and endoplasmic reticulum stress markers in obese patients with laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy. Life Sci 2023; 330:121987. [PMID: 37541576 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS We aimed to investigate the time-dependent alterations of serum, adipose tissue WISP1, Nrg4, asprosin, SPX adipokines and serum ER stress markers GRP78, XBP1, ATF6, CHOP in obese patients who underwent laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG). MATERIALS AND METHODS Morbidly obese patients (n = 19) and normal-weight individuals (n = 19) were compared. Preoperative (control, obese) and postoperative 1st, 3rd and 6th month (obese) follow-up measurements were obtained. Levels of adipokines, ER stress markers were measured with commercial kits. RESULTS Body mass index (BMI), total fat, trunk fat mass, fat percentage of obese patients decreased after LSG. Postoperative serum glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR, triglyceride levels of obese patients decreased, HDL increased. In obese patients, preoperative LDL and total cholesterol, which were not different from control, were higher in the postoperative 6th month measurements. Omentum WISP1, subcutaneous adipose tissue WISP1 and SPX, and serum WISP1, asprosin, CHOP levels were higher, Nrg4 lower in obese patients. Serum Nrg4 was still lower in the postoperative 1st month measurements, while WISP1 was higher in the 3rd and asprosin in the 3rd, 6th months compared to control. 1st and 3rd month ATF6 and 3rd month CHOP concentrations were lower than preoperative values. Serum CHOP measured at the 6th month was significantly higher than control. Negative correlations were observed between serum Nrg4 and fat percentage, TG concentration. CHOP was negatively correlated with fat percentage. CONCLUSION The correlations between changes in serum Nrg4, CHOP and fat percentage highlight the roles of Nrg4 and CHOP in the fat loss following LSG.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Pakyurek
- Pamukkale University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Denizli, Turkey
| | - M R Aykota
- Pamukkale University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of General Surgery, Denizli, Turkey
| | - O Kilic-Erkek
- Pamukkale University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Denizli, Turkey
| | - M Ozban
- Pamukkale University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of General Surgery, Denizli, Turkey
| | - H Senol
- Pamukkale University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biostatistics, Denizli, Turkey
| | - M Bor-Kucukatay
- Pamukkale University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Denizli, Turkey.
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7
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Alipoor E, Hosseinzadeh-Attar MJ, Vasheghani-Farahani A, Salmani M, Rezaei M, Namkhah Z, Ahmadpanahi M, Jenab Y, Alidoosti M, Yaseri M. The relationship of circulating neuregulin 4 and irisin, and traditional and novel cardiometabolic risk factors with the risk and severity of coronary artery disease. Cytokine 2023; 170:156314. [PMID: 37591135 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2023.156314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Neuregulin 4 (NRG4) and irisin are adipokines that have been suggested to be associated with cardiometabolic risk factors and coronary artery disease (CAD), but the data are inconclusive. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between circulating NRG4 and irisin and cardiometabolic risk factors with CAD risk and severity. METHODS AND RESULTS In this cross-sectional study, the presence of CAD and the severity of stenosis (gensini score) were documented based on coronary angiography in 166 adults. Circulating NRG4 and irisin, glucose homeostasis markers, hs-CRP, lipid profiles, blood pressure, and anthropometric measurements were assessed as well. Age (p = 0.005), sex (p = 0.008), SBP (p = 0.033), DBP (p = 0.04), MAP (p = 0.018), FBG (p = 0.012), insulin (p = 0.039) and HOMA-IR (p = 0.01) were significantly associated with odds of having CAD. The final logistic regression model showed that age, sex, HOMA-IR, and MAP were the most important determinants of having CAD. There were no significant associations between circulating irisin and NRG4 with odds of having CAD. The final general linear model showed that being men (β = 17.303, 95% CI: 7.086-27.52, P = 0.001), age (Aβ = 0.712, 95% CI: 0.21-1.214, P = 0.006), HOMA-IR (Aβ = 2.168, 95% CI: 0.256 to 4.079, P = 0.027), and NRG4 level (β = 1.836, 95% CI: 0.119-3.553, P = 0.036) were directly associated with higher gensini score. Participants with the three-vessel disease had a mean increase of about 5 units in circulating irisin compared to those with no clinical CAD (β = 5.221, 95% CI: 0.454-9.987, p = 0.032). CONCLUSIONS This study showed that the adipokines NRG4 and Irisin might be associated with the severity of coronary stenosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Alipoor
- Cardiac Primary Prevention Research Center, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Javad Hosseinzadeh-Attar
- Cardiac Primary Prevention Research Center, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Ali Vasheghani-Farahani
- Cardiac Primary Prevention Research Center, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Clinical Cardiac Electrophysiology, Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahnaz Salmani
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahsa Rezaei
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Namkhah
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Monireh Ahmadpanahi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yaser Jenab
- Department of Cardiology, Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Alidoosti
- Department of Cardiology, Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Yaseri
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Santiago-Marrero I, Liu F, Wang H, Arzola EP, Xiong WC, Mei L. Energy Expenditure Homeostasis Requires ErbB4, an Obesity Risk Gene, in the Paraventricular Nucleus. eNeuro 2023; 10:ENEURO.0139-23.2023. [PMID: 37669858 PMCID: PMC10521346 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0139-23.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity affects more than a third adult population in the United States; the prevalence is even higher in patients with major depression disorders. GWAS studies identify the receptor tyrosine kinase ErbB4 as a risk gene for obesity and for major depression disorders. We found that ErbB4 was enriched in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVH). To investigate its role in metabolism, we deleted ErbB4 by injecting a Cre-expressing virus into the PVH of ErbB4-floxed male mice and found that PVH ErbB4 deletion increased weight gain without altering food intake. ErbB4 PVH deletion also reduced nighttime activity and decreased intrascapular brown adipose tissue (iBAT) thermogenesis. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) revealed that ErbB4 PVH deletion reduced O2 consumption, CO2 production and heat generation in a manner independent of body weight. Immunostaining experiments show that ErbB4+ neurons in the PVH were positive for oxytocin (OXT); ErbB4 PVH deletion reduces serum levels of OXT. We characterized mice where ErbB4 was specifically mutated in OXT+ neurons and found reduction in energy expenditure, phenotypes similar to PVH ErbB4 deletion. Taken together, our data indicate that ErbB4 in the PVH regulates metabolism likely through regulation of OXT expressing neurons, reveal a novel function of ErbB4 and provide insight into pathophysiological mechanisms of depression-associated obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Santiago-Marrero
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106
| | - Fang Liu
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912
| | - Hongsheng Wang
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106
| | - Emily P Arzola
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106
| | - Wen-Cheng Xiong
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106
- Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106
| | - Lin Mei
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106
- Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912
- Chinese Institutes for Medical Research, Beijing 100005, China
- Capital Medical University, Beijing 100054, China
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9
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Taheri F, Hosseinzadeh-Attar MJ, Alipoor E, Honarkar-Shafie E, Yaseri M, Vasheghani-Farahani A. Implications of the Serum Concentrations of Neuregulin-4 (Nrg4) in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease: A Case-Control Study. J Tehran Heart Cent 2023; 18:170-176. [PMID: 38146414 PMCID: PMC10748655 DOI: 10.18502/jthc.v18i3.14111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Neuregulin-4 (Nrg4), a novel brown fat-enriched factor, has been reported to play a crucial role in developing metabolic disorders. The current case-control study aimed to investigate the association between serum Nrg4 and coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods This study enrolled 43 patients with CAD and 43 subjects with normal coronary arteries diagnosed by coronary angiography. Anthropometric and biochemical parameters were measured and recorded. The serum Nrg4 level was determined using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The relationships between circulating Nrg4 and CAD and other clinical parameters were analyzed. A receiver operating characteristic analysis was applied to assess the utility of Nrg4 in identifying CAD. Results The study population comprised 86 patients, including 64 men (74.4%), at a mean age of 57.83±6.01 years. Patients with CAD had significantly lower serum Nrg4 than the control group (P<0.001). The serum Nrg4 level was negatively correlated with anthropometric variables, including the body mass index, waist circumference, and the waist-to-hip ratio, fasting blood glucose, and the triglyceride-glucose index (P<0.05). In multivariable-adjusted regression analysis, the odds of CAD decreased by 46% per 1 SD elevation in the serum Nrg4 level (OR, 0.54; 95% CI, 0.40 to 0.73; P<0.001) after controlling for potential confounders. Nrg4 showed a significantly high area under the curve value (AUC, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.75 to 0.94) with 81.4% sensitivity and 95.3% specificity to identify CAD. Conclusion Generally, the serum level of Nrg4 declines in patients with CAD, which might be an independent risk factor for CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Taheri
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Elham Alipoor
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Cardiac Primary Prevention Research Center, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elaheh Honarkar-Shafie
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Yaseri
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Vasheghani-Farahani
- Cardiac Primary Prevention Research Center, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Coskun M, Altinova AE, Babayeva A, Sel AT, Yapar D, Karaca M, Yalcin MM, Akturk M, Toruner FB, Karakoc MA, Yetkin I. Leukocyte Telomere Length and Neuregulin-4 Levels in Female Patients with Acromegaly: The Relationship between Disease Activity and Body Fat Distribution. J Clin Med 2023; 12:4108. [PMID: 37373801 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12124108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The study aimed to examine leukocyte telomere length (LTL) and serum neuregulin-4 levels and their relationship with disease activity, co-morbidities and body fat distribution in female acromegaly patients. Forty female patients with acromegaly and thirty-nine age and body mass index (BMI) similar healthy female volunteers were included in the study. Patients were classified into two groups: active acromegaly (AA) and controlled acromegaly (CA). The quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method was used to study LTL, and T/S ratio < 1 was accepted as shortened telomere length. Neuregulin-4 was studied by ELISA. There was no difference in median LTL between acromegaly and the control group (p = 0.530). The percentage of T/S < 1 in patients with acromegaly (60.0%) was similar to that of the control group (43.6%) (p = 0.144). However, serum neuregulin-4 was significantly higher in patients with acromegaly than those in the control group (p = 0.037). There were no significant differences concerning LTL, percentage of T/S < 1 and neuregulin-4 levels between active and controlled acromegaly groups (p > 0.05). Neuregulin-4 correlated positively with fasting glucose, triglyceride (TG), triglyceride/glucose (TyG) index, and lean body mass in the acromegaly group. A negative correlation was observed between LTL and neuregulin-4 in the control group (p = 0.039). When the factors affecting neuregulin-4 were evaluated by multivariate linear regression analysis with an enter method, TG (β: 0.316, p = 0.025) was independently and positively associated with neuregulin-4. Our findings indicate that acromegaly is associated with unchanged LTL and high neuregulin-4 levels in female patients. However, the relationship between acromegaly, the aging process, and neuregulin-4 involves complex mechanisms, and further studies are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meric Coskun
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara 06100, Turkey
| | - Alev Eroglu Altinova
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara 06100, Turkey
| | - Afruz Babayeva
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara 06100, Turkey
| | - Aydin Tuncer Sel
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara 06100, Turkey
| | - Dilek Yapar
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara 06100, Turkey
| | - Mine Karaca
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara 06100, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Muhittin Yalcin
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara 06100, Turkey
| | - Mujde Akturk
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara 06100, Turkey
| | - Fusun Balos Toruner
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara 06100, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Ayhan Karakoc
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara 06100, Turkey
| | - Ilhan Yetkin
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara 06100, Turkey
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Ding S, Yang Y, Zheng Y, Xu J, Cheng Y, Wei W, Yu F, Li L, Li M, Wang M, Wang Z, Xiang G. Diagnostic Value of the Combined Measurement of Serum HCY and NRG4 in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus with Early Complicating Diabetic Nephropathy. J Pers Med 2023; 13:jpm13030556. [PMID: 36983737 PMCID: PMC10059699 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13030556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate the value of combined detection of HCY and NRG4 in the diagnosis of early diabetic kidney disease (DKD) and to explore the association between the ratio of HCY/NRG4 and DKD. METHODS A total of 140 diabetic patients and 43 healthy people were prospectively enrolled. The plasma HCY level, NRG4 level and HCY/NRG4 of them were measured to compare their differences and analyze the correlation with DKD. The independent influencing factors of patients with DKD were screened, and the nomograph of DKD occurrence was constructed. RESULTS The levels of HCY and HCY/NRG4 in diabetic patients were significantly increased, while the level of NRG4 was significantly decreased (p < 0.01). The AUCs of HCY/NRG4 predicted for DKD were 0.961. HCY/NRG4 and the course of DM were independent risk factors for DKD. A predictive nomograph of DKD was constructed, and decision curve analysis (DCA) showed good clinical application value. HCY/NRG4 was positively correlated with Scr, UACR, TG, UA, BUN, TCHOL and LDL and negatively correlated with eGFR and HDL (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The level of HCY and NRG4 is closely related to the severity of DM, and combined detection of HCY/NRG4 can identify patients with DKD at an early stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Ding
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- Department of Endocrinology, General Hospital of Central Theater Command, Wuluo Road 627, Wuhan 430070, China
- Department of Endocrinology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430014, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Department of Radiology, The First Wuhan Hospital, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yuming Zheng
- Department of Physical Examination, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430014, China
| | - Jinling Xu
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- Department of Endocrinology, General Hospital of Central Theater Command, Wuluo Road 627, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yangyang Cheng
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- Department of Endocrinology, General Hospital of Central Theater Command, Wuluo Road 627, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Wei Wei
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- Department of Endocrinology, General Hospital of Central Theater Command, Wuluo Road 627, Wuhan 430070, China
- Department of Endocrinology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430014, China
| | - Fuding Yu
- Department of Endocrinology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430014, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Endocrinology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430014, China
| | - Menglan Li
- Department of Endocrinology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430014, China
| | - Mengjie Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430014, China
| | - Zhongjing Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430014, China
| | - Guangda Xiang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- Department of Endocrinology, General Hospital of Central Theater Command, Wuluo Road 627, Wuhan 430070, China
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Liu Y, Chen M. Neuregulin 4 as a novel adipokine in energy metabolism. Front Physiol 2023; 13:1106380. [PMID: 36703934 PMCID: PMC9873244 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.1106380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue has been shown to play a key role in energy metabolism and it has been shown to regulate metabolic homeostasis through the secretion of adipokines. Neuregulin 4 (Nrg4), a novel adipokine secreted mainly by brown adipose tissue (BAT), has recently been characterized as having an important effect on the regulation of energy homeostasis and glucolipid metabolism. Nrg4 can modulate BAT-related thermogenesis by increasing sympathetic innervation of adipose tissue and therefore has potential metabolic benefits. Nrg4 improves metabolic dysregulation in various metabolic diseases such as insulin resistance, obesity, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and diabetes through several mechanisms such as anti-inflammation, autophagy regulation, pro-angiogenesis, and lipid metabolism normalization. However, inconsistent findings are found regarding the effects of Nrg4 on metabolic diseases in clinical settings, and this heterogeneity needs to be further clarified by future studies. The potential metabolic protective effect of Nrg4 suggests that it may be a promising endocrine therapeutic target.
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Sahu B, Bal NC. Adipokines from white adipose tissue in regulation of whole body energy homeostasis. Biochimie 2023; 204:92-107. [PMID: 36084909 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2022.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Diseases originating from altered energy homeostasis including obesity, and type 2 diabetes are rapidly increasing worldwide. Research in the last few decades on animal models and humans demonstrates that the white adipose tissue (WAT) is critical for energy balance and more than just an energy storage site. WAT orchestrates the whole-body metabolism through inter-organ crosstalk primarily mediated by cytokines named "Adipokines". The adipokines influence metabolism and fuel selection of the skeletal muscle and liver thereby fine-tuning the load on WAT itself in physiological conditions like starvation, exercise and cold. In addition, adipokine secretion is influenced by various pathological conditions like obesity, inflammation and diabetes. In this review, we have surveyed the current state of knowledge on important adipokines and their significance in regulating energy balance and metabolic diseases. Furthermore, we have summarized the interplay of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory adipokines in the modulation of pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bijayashree Sahu
- School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751024, India.
| | - Naresh C Bal
- School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751024, India.
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Mungmunpuntipantip R, Wiwanitkit V. Serum neuregulin-4 levels in healthy and preeclamptic pregnancies: correspondence. J Turk Ger Gynecol Assoc 2022; 23:217-218. [PMID: 36065988 PMCID: PMC9450916 DOI: 10.4274/jtgga.galenos.2022.2022-3-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
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Attique H, Baig S, Ishtiaque S, Rehman R, Ahmed ST, Ali Shahid M. Neuregulin 4 (NRG4) - the hormone with clinical significance in gestational diabetes mellitus. J OBSTET GYNAECOL 2022; 42:1931-1936. [PMID: 35603674 DOI: 10.1080/01443615.2022.2054683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed at determining the association between serum neuregulin 4 (NRG4) and insulin in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and their correlation with other metabolic parameters. A cross-sectional study was conducted from June 2018 to February 2019 at Ziauddin University, Karachi. Pregnant women (n = 80), at 24-28 weeks of gestation, were recruited. Demographic data, anthropometric measurements and antenatal history were recorded. The fasting blood was drawn for testing fasting blood sugar (FBS), NRG4, insulin and lipid profile. The subjects were evaluated for glucose challenge test after 50 g glucose ingestion. NRG4 levels (1.00 ± 0.15) were found significantly high (p < .04) in healthy group compared to GDM (0.95 ± 0.11). In GDM females, high levels for FBS (p < .02) and cholesterol (p < .03) were observed. Homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) had direct weak association with NRG4, inverse relationship with cholesterol and LDL but significant association (p < .05) with insulin. Significantly high NRG4 in healthy females suggests its potential role in regulating insulin sensitivity. Impact StatementWhat is already known on this subject? Neuregulin 4 (NGR4) is a batokine which plays a potential role in regulating insulin sensitivity, maintaining energy and metabolic homeostasis. Due to its role in lipid and glucose homeostasis, some studies report its role in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) but the results were controversial.What do the results of this study add? The study showed that NGR4 levels were significantly low in GDM subjects. Other metabolic factors especially insulin and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) were found associated significantly (p < .05) with NGR4.What are the implications of these findings for clinical practice and/or further research? NGR4 can be a potential biomarker for gestational diabetes. Nevertheless, in order to confirm these findings, further studies, with bigger sample size are required to further ascertain the prospects of NRG4 as a potential biomarker for gestational diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hira Attique
- Department of Physiology, Ziauddin University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Saeeda Baig
- Department of Biochemistry, Ziauddin University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Shahina Ishtiaque
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Dr. Ziauddin Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Rehana Rehman
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Agha Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
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Elbarbary NS, Ismail EAR, Ghallab MA. Effect of metformin as an add-on therapy on neuregulin-4 levels and vascular-related complications in adolescents with type 1 diabetes: A randomized controlled trial. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2022; 186:109857. [PMID: 35351535 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2022.109857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammation is closely associated with atherosclerosis and plays a crucial role in the development of cardiovascular disease. Metformin sensitizes body cells to insulin, which may cause a reduction of atherogenic lipid fractions. Low neuregulin-4 (Nrg-4) levels, an adipokine, are linked to obesity, insulin resistance, impaired glucose tolerance and type 2 diabetes. OBJECTIVES We assessed the effect of oral supplementation with metformin on glycemic control, neuregulin-4 levels and carotid intima media thickness (CIMT) as a marker for subclinical atherosclerosis in adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and microvascular complications. METHODS This randomized placebo-controlled trial included 80 type 1 diabetic patients with microvascular complications who were randomly divided to receive either 24 weeks of metformin 500 mg/day or matching placebo. Fasting blood glucose (FBG), HbA1c, C-reactive protein (CRP), urinary albumin creatinine ratio (UACR), lipid profile, Nrg-4 and CIMT were assessed at baseline and study end. RESULTS Both groups were well-matched as regards baseline clinical and laboratory data (p greater than 0.05). After 24-weeks, metformin therapy for the intervention group resulted in a significant decrease of HbA1c, CRP, UACR, total cholesterol and CIMT while Nrg-4 levels were increased compared with baseline levels (p < 0.001) and with placebo group(p < 0.001). Baseline Nrg-4 levels were negatively correlated to FBG, HbA1c, total cholesterol, CRP and CIMT. Metformin was well-tolerated. CONCLUSIONS Oral metformin supplementation once daily for 24 weeks as an adjuvant therapy to intensive insulin in pediatric T1DM was safe and effective in improving glycemic control, dyslipidemia and Nrg-4 levels; hence, it decreased inflammation, microvascular complications and subclinical atherosclerosis.
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Celiksoy HY, Sozen H, Baktiroglu M, Topuz S, Salihoglu Y. The Etiology of Adnexal Masses in Women with a History of Non-Gynaecologic Malignancy: Recurrence, Second Primary or None? J Turk Ger Gynecol Assoc 2022; 23:8-13. [PMID: 35263833 PMCID: PMC8907436 DOI: 10.4274/jtgga.galenos.2021.2020-0224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
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Saeidi A, Shishvan SR, Soltani M, Tarazi F, Doyle-Baker PK, Shahrbanian S, Mollabashi SS, Khosravi N, Laher I, Moriarty TA, Johnson KE, VanDusseldorp TA, Zouhal H. Differential Effects of Exercise Programs on Neuregulin 4, Body Composition and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Men With Obesity. Front Physiol 2022; 12:797574. [PMID: 35197860 PMCID: PMC8859436 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.797574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BackgroundNeuregulin 4 (Nrg4) is an adipokine that is sensitive to energy expenditure and with a potential role in metabolic homeostasis and obesity. This study examined the effects of 12 weeks of three different exercise training protocols on Nrg4 levels, cardiometabolic risk factors, and body composition parameters in men with obesity.MethodsSixty adult men with obesity (Mean ± SD; age: 27.60 ± 8.4 yrs.; height: 168.4 ± 2.6 cm; weight: 96.7 ± 7.2 kg) were randomly allocated into four equal (n = 15) groups: High- Intensity Interval Training (HIIT), Circuit Resistance Training (CRT), Moderate Intensity Continuous Training (MICT) or a control group. The HIIT protocol involved six bouts of 3-min high-intensity exercise (90% VO2peak) followed by 3-min low-intensity exercise (50% VO2peak). The CRT group performed three circuits of resistance training, where each circuit included 11 exercises at 20% of one-repetition maximum (1RM) and 70% of VO2peak, and with a work-to-rest ratio of 2:1 (40-s exercise and 20-s rest) and 60-s recovery between circuits. The MICT group performed 36 min of exercise at 70% of VO2peak. All measurements were taken 72 h before and after the first and last training sessions.ResultsThere were significant differences between the groups in fat-free mass (FFM), (effect size (ES): 0.78), fat mass (ES: 0.86), VO2peak (ES: 0.59), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (ES: 0.83), low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C) (ES: 0.79), total cholesterol (TC) (ES: 0.90), triglyceride (TG) (ES: 0.52) glucose (ES: 0.39), insulin (ES: 0.61), HOM-IR (ES: 0.91) and Nrg4 (ES: 0.98) (p < 0.05). There were no significant changes in very-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C) (ES: 0.13) levels, or body weights (ES: 0.51) (p > 0.05). Levels of Nrg4 were negatively correlated with LDL-C, TC, TG, VLDL-C, glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR (p < 0.05) and positively with HDL-C (p < 0.05).ConclusionOur results suggest that HIIT and CRT protocols have greater effects than MICT protocol on Nrg4 levels, metabolic and cardiovascular risk factors, and body composition variables in men with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayoub Saeidi
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Sevda R. Shishvan
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Soltani
- Department of Biological Sciences in Sport, Faculty of Sports Sciences and Health, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Tarazi
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Shahnaz Shahrbanian
- Department of Sports Sciences, Faculty of Humanities, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Nikoo Khosravi
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ismail Laher
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Terence A. Moriarty
- Department of Exercise and Sport Science, Coastal Carolina University, Conway, SC, United States
| | - Kelly E. Johnson
- Department of Exercise and Sport Science, Coastal Carolina University, Myrtle Beach, SC, United States
| | - Trisha A. VanDusseldorp
- Department of Exercise & Sport Management, Kennesaw State University, Kennesaw, GA, United States
- *Correspondence: Trisha A. VanDusseldorp,
| | - Hassane Zouhal
- Laboratoire Mouvement, Sport, Santé – EA 1274, University Rennes, Rennes, France
- Institut International des Sciences du Sport, Iroduer, France
- Hassane Zouhal,
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Cheng JX, Yu K. New Discovered Adipokines Associated with the Pathogenesis of Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2022; 15:2381-2389. [PMID: 35966830 PMCID: PMC9371465 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s376163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is defined as abnormal or excessive accumulation of adipose tissue, closely associated with the increased risk of various comorbidities, especially type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Adipose tissue is a complex structure responsible for not only fat storage but also releasing adipokines which may play roles in the pathogenesis and could be developed into biomarkers for diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of obesity-related metabolic diseases. This review aims to summarize several adipokines discovered recently that have promising functions in obesity and T2DM. Among them, the levels of FSTL1, WISP1 and Asprosin in subjects with obesity or diabetes are commonly higher than in normal controls, suggesting that they may be pathogenic. Inversely, SFRP5, Metrnl, NRG4 and FAM19A5 may serve as the protective factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Xue Cheng
- Center for Endocrine Metabolism and Immune Diseases, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ke Yu
- Center for Endocrine Metabolism and Immune Diseases, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Ke Yu, Center for Endocrine Metabolism and Immune Diseases, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 82, Xinhua South Road, Tongzhou District, Beijing, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 13811657618, Email
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Tutunchi H, Mobasseri M, Aghamohammadzadeh N, Hooshyar J, Naeini F, Najafipour F. Serum neuregulin 4 (NRG-4) level and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD): A case-control study. Int J Clin Pract 2021; 75:e14555. [PMID: 34159710 DOI: 10.1111/ijcp.14555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The current case-control study aimed to examine the association of circulating neuregulin 4 (NRG-4), a brown fat-enriched endocrine factor, with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). METHODS A total of 50 patients newly diagnosed with NAFLD with 50 age-matched and sex-matched subjects without NAFLD were recruited in the present study. Circulating NRG-4 levels were assessed with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit. SPSS version 23 was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS Patients with NAFLD had lower levels of circulating NRG-4 than the control group (P < .001). Participants in the highest quartile of circulating NRG-4 had significantly lower body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), triglyceride (TG) and homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) compared with those in the lowest quartile (all P < .01). The prevalence of NAFLD in the quartile 4 of the serum NRG-4 level was 38.46%, lower than the quartile 1 (62.50%, P = .006), quartile 2 (52.00%, P = .017) and quartile 3 (48.00%, P = .032). In multiple stepwise regression analysis, BMI (β = -0.712, P = .016), WC (β = -0.577, P = .023), TG (β = -0.509, P = .001), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (β = 0.489, P = .001) and HOMA-IR (β = -0.609, P = .003) were independently related to serum NRG-4 level. The odds of NAFLD decreased by 41% per 1 SD increase in serum NRG-4 level (OR, 0.59; 95% CI, 0.35-0.78; P = .021), after adjustment for all potential confounders. CONCLUSION The results of the present study demonstrate that circulating NRG-4 levels may play a protective role in NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helda Tutunchi
- Endocrine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Nutrition Research Center, Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Majid Mobasseri
- Endocrine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Jalil Hooshyar
- Endocrine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Naeini
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzad Najafipour
- Endocrine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Li Y, Jin L, Jiang F, Yan J, Lu Y, Yang Q, Zhang Y, Zhang H, Yu H, Zhang Y, He Z, Zhang R, Yang J, Hu C. Mutations of NRG4 Contribute to the Pathogenesis of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Related Metabolic Disorders. Diabetes 2021; 70:2213-2224. [PMID: 34261740 DOI: 10.2337/db21-0064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Neuregulin 4 (Nrg4), an adipose tissue-enriched endocrine factor, participates in adipocyte-to-hepatocyte communication, eliciting beneficial metabolic effects in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). We evaluate the physiological roles of NRG4 in humans and unravel the role of NRG4 variants in the pathogenesis of NAFLD and related metabolic disorders. We identified two rare missense mutations-p.R44H and p.E47Q-in the NRG4 EGF-like domain by whole-exome sequencing in 224 severely obese subjects and exome genotyping in 2,388 subjects from the Shanghai Obesity Study. The overexpression animal models showed that wild-type (WT) Nrg4 could attenuate high-fat diet-induced hepatic lipogenesis and improve energy metabolism. Nrg4 E47Q enhanced the protective effect, whereas Nrg4 R44H lost this function. Unlike Nrg4 R44H, Nrg4 E47Q activated the phosphorylation of ErbB4 and negatively regulated de novo lipogenesis through the ErbB4-STAT5-SREBP-1C pathway. The surface plasmon resonance experiments revealed a higher affinity of E47Q Nrg4 than WT to bind ErbB4, while R44H showed no binding. In conclusion, the study suggests that genetic variations in NRG4 could produce mutant proteins with aberrant functions and that impaired or enhanced Nrg4 function could be either a risk factor or a protective factor for NAFLD and associated metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Li
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Clinical Centre for Diabetes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Jin
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Clinical Centre for Diabetes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng Jiang
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Clinical Centre for Diabetes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Yan
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Clinical Centre for Diabetes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Lu
- The Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing Yang
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Clinical Centre for Diabetes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Clinical Centre for Diabetes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Clinical Centre for Diabetes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Hairong Yu
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Clinical Centre for Diabetes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuemei Zhang
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Clinical Centre for Diabetes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhen He
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Clinical Centre for Diabetes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Rong Zhang
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Clinical Centre for Diabetes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianjun Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Cheng Hu
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Clinical Centre for Diabetes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
- Institute for Metabolic Disease, Fengxian Central Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University, Shanghai, China
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De Munck TJI, Boesch M, Verhaegh P, Masclee AAM, Jonkers D, van Pelt JF, du Plessis J, Korf H, Nevens F, Koek GH, Van der Merwe S, Verbeek J. Is there a role for neuregulin 4 in human nonalcoholic fatty liver disease? PLoS One 2021; 16:e0251822. [PMID: 33989346 PMCID: PMC8121306 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0251822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuregulin 4 (Nrg4), a novel adipokine enriched in brown adipose tissue has been observed to negatively regulate de novo hepatic lipogenesis and limit nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) progression to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) in rodents. However, the role of Nrg4 in human NAFLD remains unclear to date. We analysed Nrg4 plasma levels and its association with liver disease severity together with the transcriptional profile of the Nrg4 pathway in liver and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) of NAFLD patients. METHODS Plasma Nrg4 levels were measured in 65 NAFLD patients and 43 healthy controls (HC). Hepatic steatosis and fibrosis were diagnosed and quantified with chemical shift MRI and transient elastography respectively. Furthermore, blood lipid levels, HOMA-IR and systemic pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6 and IFN-γ) were analysed. Microarray analyses to assess differences in the Nrg4 and its receptor family ErbB pathway in liver and VAT from an independent patient group with biopsy proven NAFL (simple steatosis) (n = 4), NASH (n = 5) and normal liver (n = 6) were performed. RESULTS Plasma Nrg4 levels were not significantly different between NAFLD patients and HC (p = 0.622). Furthermore, plasma Nrg4 levels did not correlate with the hepatic fat fraction (r = -0.028, p = 0.829) and were not significantly different between NAFLD patients with or without hepatic fibrosis (p = 0.087). Finally, the expression profile of 82 genes related to the Nrg4-ErbB pathway in liver and VAT was not significantly different between NAFL, NASH or obese controls. CONCLUSION Our study does not support a role for Nrg4 in the pathophysiology of human NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toon J. I. De Munck
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Markus Boesch
- Laboratory of Hepatology, Department Chronic Diseases, Metabolism & Ageing (CHROMETA), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Pauline Verhaegh
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Ad A. M. Masclee
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Daisy Jonkers
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Jos F. van Pelt
- Laboratory of Clinical Digestive Oncology, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven & University Hospitals Leuven and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), Leuven, Belgium
| | - Johannie du Plessis
- Laboratory of Hepatology, Department Chronic Diseases, Metabolism & Ageing (CHROMETA), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Hannelie Korf
- Laboratory of Hepatology, Department Chronic Diseases, Metabolism & Ageing (CHROMETA), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Frederik Nevens
- Laboratory of Hepatology, Department Chronic Diseases, Metabolism & Ageing (CHROMETA), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ger H. Koek
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Schalk Van der Merwe
- Laboratory of Hepatology, Department Chronic Diseases, Metabolism & Ageing (CHROMETA), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jef Verbeek
- Laboratory of Hepatology, Department Chronic Diseases, Metabolism & Ageing (CHROMETA), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- * E-mail:
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Guo D, Liu J, Zhang P, Yang X, Liu D, Lin J, Wei X, Xu B, Huang C, Zhou X, Teng F, Zhu H, Zhang H. Adiposity Measurements and Metabolic Syndrome Are Linked Through Circulating Neuregulin 4 and Adipsin Levels in Obese Adults. Front Physiol 2021; 12:667330. [PMID: 34017266 PMCID: PMC8129583 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.667330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Adiposity and adipokines are associated with metabolic disorders, but little is known regarding that whether adiposity measurements link metabolic syndrome (MetS) through circulating neuregulin 4 (Nrg4) and adipsin levels. Materials and Methods A total of 1212 subjects with a waist circumference greater than 90 cm for men or 80 cm for women were enrolled from a Chinese community. Circulating Nrg4 and adipsin levels were measured using commercial kits. Mediation analyses of circulating Nrg4 and adipsin were performed in the study using linear and logistic regression. Results Subjects with MetS had higher waist circumference, visceral fat level, and circulating adipsin level, and lower levels of circulating Nrg4 and muscle mass to visceral fat (MVF) ratio (all P < 0.05). In multivariable logistic regression analyses, after adjusting for confounding variables, per standard deviation (SD) increase in waist circumference and visceral fat level were significantly associated with increased odds of MetS [OR (95% CI), 1.42 (1.22–1.64); 2.20 (1.62–2.99); respectively]; and per SD reduction in MVF ratio was significantly associated with reduced odds of MetS [OR (95% CI), 0.65 (0.55–0.77)]. In the mediation analyses, both circulating Nrg4 and adipsin levels mediated the association between waist circumference (8.31% and 18.35%, respectively), visceral fat level (7.50% and 9.98%, respectively), and MVF ratio (5.80% and 9.86%, respectively) and MetS after adjustments. Conclusion These findings indicate that adiposity measurements and MetS are linked through circulating Nrg4 and adipsin levels in obese adults, suggesting that circulating Nrg4 and adipsin levels might be potential predictors for management of MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Guo
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianfang Liu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peizhen Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyu Yang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Deying Liu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiayang Lin
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xueyun Wei
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bingyan Xu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chensihan Huang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuan Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Fei Teng
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hong Zhu
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huijie Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Neuregulins: protective and reparative growth factors in multiple forms of cardiovascular disease. Clin Sci (Lond) 2021; 134:2623-2643. [PMID: 33063822 PMCID: PMC7557502 DOI: 10.1042/cs20200230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Neuregulins (NRGs) are protein ligands that act through ErbB receptor tyrosine kinases to regulate tissue morphogenesis, plasticity, and adaptive responses to physiologic needs in multiple tissues, including the heart and circulatory system. The role of NRG/ErbB signaling in cardiovascular biology, and how it responds to physiologic and pathologic stresses is a rapidly evolving field. While initial concepts focused on the role that NRG may play in regulating cardiac myocyte responses, including cell survival, growth, adaptation to stress, and proliferation, emerging data support a broader role for NRGs in the regulation of metabolism, inflammation, and fibrosis in response to injury. The constellation of effects modulated by NRGs may account for the findings that two distinct forms of recombinant NRG-1 have beneficial effects on cardiac function in humans with systolic heart failure. NRG-4 has recently emerged as an adipokine with similar potential to regulate cardiovascular responses to inflammation and injury. Beyond systolic heart failure, NRGs appear to have beneficial effects in diastolic heart failure, prevention of atherosclerosis, preventing adverse effects on diabetes on the heart and vasculature, including atherosclerosis, as well as the cardiac dysfunction associated with sepsis. Collectively, this literature supports the further examination of how this developmentally critical signaling system functions and how it might be leveraged to treat cardiovascular disease.
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Zhang J, Li K, Pan L, Teng F, Zhang P, Lin B, Yuan Y, Wei X, Li W, Zhang H. Association of circulating adipsin with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in obese adults: a cross-sectional study. BMC Gastroenterol 2021; 21:131. [PMID: 33743586 PMCID: PMC7981882 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-021-01721-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As a secreted adipokine, adipsin has been recently shown to play a pivotal role in metabolic disorders. However, information regarding the association of circulating adipsin with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in humans is scant. METHODS We recruited 1163 obese adult subjects with waist circumference at least 90 cm in men and 80 cm in women from the community. Circulating adipsin levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS Circulating adipsin levels of NAFLD subjects was decreased compared to those in non-NAFLD (p < 0.05). The prevalence of NAFLD with lower levels of serum adipsin was significantly higher than those with higher values (57.6% vs. 50.9%, p < 0.05). Circulating adipsin levels were significantly associated with decreasing levels of fasting glucose and postprandial glucose (both p < 0.001 for interaction) in NAFLD subjects but not in non-NAFLD subjects. The risk of NAFLD was significantly decreased by 21.7% [OR (95% CI): 0.783 (0.679-0.902), p < 0.001], adjusting for age, gender, current smoking, alcohol consumption, physical activity, BMI, systolic BP, fasting glucose, total cholesterol, HDL-c, HOMA-IR, and body fat mass. Importantly, subjects in the lowest quartile of circulating adipsin were 1.88 times more likely to have NAFLD than those in the highest quartile in multivariable logistic regression analyses. However, such associations with circulating adipsin were not noted for metabolic syndrome, abnormal liver enzyme and significant liver fibrosis. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate that circulating adipsin levels in Chinese obese adults are negatively associated with risk of NAFLD, implying that serum adipsin levels may be a potential protective factor in NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhua Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional and Clinical Translational Medicine, Department of General Medicine, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, China
| | | | - Lingling Pan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fei Teng
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou Road, Guangzhou, 510515, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Peizhen Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou Road, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Bingquan Lin
- Department of Medical Imaging Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Youwen Yuan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou Road, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Xueyun Wei
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou Road, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Wenyuan Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou Road, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| | - Huijie Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou Road, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
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Yang F, Zhou N, Zhu X, Min C, Zhou W, Li X. n-3 PUFAs protect against adiposity and fatty liver by promoting browning in postnatally overfed male rats: a role for NRG4. J Nutr Biochem 2021; 93:108628. [PMID: 33705952 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2021.108628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Revised: 12/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Early-life nutrition plays an important role in regulating adult metabolism. This study evaluated the effects of early nutrition during the suckling and postweaning periods on expression of the adipocytokine Neuregulin 4 (Nrg4) and its relationship with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in adulthood. In vivo, male rats were adjusted to litter sizes of three (small litter, SL) or ten (normal litter, NL) on postnatal day 3. Pups were fed control chow (NL and SL groups) or a high-fat diet (NL-HF and SL-HF groups), and SL pups specifically were fed a fish oil diet rich in n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) (SL-FO group), from postnatal weeks 3 to 13. The results demonstrated that postnatal overnutrition increased weight, hepatic de novo lipogenesis (DNL) gene expression and NAFLD and decreased body temperature and Nrg4, Ucp1 and Pgc1a mRNA expression in adipose tissues in SL, SL-HF and NL-HF rats compared to NL rats in adulthood. The opposite trends were observed in SL-FO rats. Moreover, in vitro, recombinant NRG4 protein reduced lipid accumulation by inhibiting DNL gene expression in fatty HepG2 cells stimulated with sodium oleate. In HPAs, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) treatment elevated NRG4 production and caused adipocyte browning, and these effects were abrogated by PPARG antagonism. In conclusion, a postweaning n-3 PUFA diet enhanced Nrg4 expression in adipose tissues, associated with attenuation of NAFLD induced by SL rearing. Additionally, external NRG4 reduced lipogenesis in steatotic hepatocytes. Thus, white adipose tissue browning induced by n-3 PUFAs may promote NRG4 production through the PPARG pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Yang
- Department of Child Health Care, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Nan Zhou
- Department of Child Health Care, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiaolei Zhu
- Department of Child Health Care, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Cuiting Min
- Department of Child Health Care, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Department of Child Health Care, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiaonan Li
- Department of Child Health Care, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China; Institute of Pediatric Research, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China.
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Alizadeh M, Shahrbanian S, Hackney AC. Comparison of the effects of 12 weeks of three types of resistance training (traditional, circular and interval) on the levels of neuregulin 4, adiponectin and leptin in non-athletic men with obesity. ARCHIVOS DE MEDICINA DEL DEPORTE : PUBLICACION DE LA FEDERACION ESPANOLA DE MEDICINA DEL DEPORTE 2021; 38:389-396. [PMID: 35493286 PMCID: PMC9053093 DOI: 10.18176/archmeddeporte.00066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to compare three types of resistance training including traditional, circular and interval in non-athletic men with obesity in comparison to a control group for neuregulin 4, adiponectin and leptin responses. MATERIAL AND METHOD The sample of the study included 44 non-athletic men with obesity, who were randomly divided into the 4 equal groups (10 per each group): traditional, circular, and interval resistance training as well as a control group. Neuregulin 4, leptin and adiponectin were analyzed using ELISA commercial kits. RESULTS The results of mixed-design ANOVA with repeated measures showed that there was a significant interaction between the type of resistance training used and time on neuregulin 4 (F (3, 40) = 80.22, P= 0.005, ES = 0.85), leptin (F (3, 40) = 27.53, P= 0.005, ES = 0.67) and adiponectin (F (3, 40) = 12.44, P= 0.005, ES = 0.48). Considering the main effect of groups, results indicated that there was a significant difference between types of resistance training and control group in neuregulin 4 (F (1, 40) =41.31, P=0.005, ES = 0.75), adiponectin (F (1, 40) =15.08, P=0.005, ES = 0.53) and leptin (F (1, 40) =32.05, P = 0.005, ES = 0.70). CONCLUSION Findings suggest that resistance training, especially interval resistance training can lead to increase the plasma level of neuregulin 4, adiponectin and decrease leptin in non-athletic men with obesity. Interval training showed superior effects on all study outcomes followed by circular and traditional training, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Alizadeh
- Department of Sport Science, Faculty of Humanities, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahnaz Shahrbanian
- Department of Sport Science, Faculty of Humanities, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Anthony C. Hackney
- Department of Exercise & Sport Science, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
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Zhang L, Lu B, Wang W, Miao S, Zhou S, Cheng X, Zhu J, Liu C. Alteration of serum neuregulin 4 and neuregulin 1 in gestational diabetes mellitus. Ther Adv Endocrinol Metab 2021; 12:20420188211049614. [PMID: 34646438 PMCID: PMC8504227 DOI: 10.1177/20420188211049614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Neuregulin 4 (Nrg4) and neuregulin 1 (Nrg1) have been shown to play vital roles in several disorders of glucose metabolism. The pathophysiological role of Nrg4 and Nrg1 in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), however, remains poorly understood. We assessed the clinical relevance of the two cytokines in patients with GDM. METHODS The study recruited 36 GDM patients and 38 age-matched, gestational age (24-28 weeks of gestation)-matched, and BMI (during pregnancy)-matched controls in this study. Serum Nrg4 and Nrg1 were measured using ELISA. Inflammatory factors such as IL-6, IL-1β, leptin, TNF-α, and monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1) were determined via Luminex technique. RESULTS Serum Nrg4 in GDM patients was significantly lower than that in the controls, while Nrg1 was significantly higher in the GDM group (p < 0.01). Inflammatory factors such as IL-6, leptin, and TNF-α were significantly increased in GDM patients, while MCP-1 and IL-1β were not significantly different between the two groups. In addition, serum Nrg4 was negatively correlated with fasting glucose (r = -0.438, p = 0.008), HOMA-IR (r = -0.364, p = 0.029), IL-6 (r = -0.384, p = 0.021), leptin (r = -0.393, p = 0.018), TNF-α (r = -0.346, p = 0.039), and MCP-1 (r = -0.342, p = 0.041), and positively correlated with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (r = -0.357, p = 0.033) in GDM group. Serum Nrg1 was positively correlated with BMI (r = 0.452, p = 0.006), fasting glucose (r = 0.424, p = 0.010), HOMA-IR (r = 0.369, p = 0.027), and triglyceride (r = 0.439, p = 0.007). The decrease of Nrg4 and the increase of Nrg1 were significantly related to the increased prevalence of GDM. Finally, ROC curve results indicated that Nrg1 combined with IL-6 and TNF-α might be an effective means for GDM screening. CONCLUSIONS Lower circulating Nrg4 and higher circulating Nrg1 serve risk factors of GDM. Nrg1 combined with IL-6 and TNF-α might be a potential tool for GDM screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Bi Lu
- Department of Rheumatology and Endocrinology, Affiliated Aoyang Hospital of Jiangsu University, Suzhou, China
| | - Wenhua Wang
- Department of Neurology, Wuhan Fourth Hospital, Pu-Ai Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shifeng Miao
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Aoyang Hospital of Jiangsu University, Suzhou, China
| | - Shuru Zhou
- Aoyang Cancer Institute, Affiliated Aoyang Hospital of Jiangsu University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xingbo Cheng
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jie Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Aoyang Hospital of Jiangsu University, Suzhou, China
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Aging and Immunometabolic Adaptations to Thermogenesis. Ageing Res Rev 2020; 63:101143. [PMID: 32810648 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2020.101143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Brown and subcutaneous adipose tissues play a key role in non-shivering thermogenesis both in mice and human, and their activation by adrenergic stimuli promotes energy expenditure, reduces adiposity, and protects against age-related metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes (T2D). Low-grade inflammation and insulin resistance characterize T2D. Even though the decline of thermogenic adipose tissues is well-established during ageing, the mechanisms by which this event affects immune system and contributes to the development of T2D is still poorly defined. It is emerging that activation of thermogenic adipose tissues promotes type 2 immunity skewing, limiting type 1 inflammation. Of note, metabolic substrates sustaining type 1 inflammation (e.g. glucose and succinate) are also used by activated adipocytes to promote thermogenesis. Keeping in mind this aspect, a nutrient competition between adipocytes and adipose tissue immune cell infiltrates could be envisaged. Herein, we reviewed the metabolic rewiring of adipocytes during thermogenesis in order to give important insight into the anti-inflammatory role of thermogenic adipose tissues and delineate how their decline during ageing may favor the setting of low-grade inflammatory states that predispose to type 2 diabetes in elderly. A brief description about the contribution of adipokines secreted by thermogenic adipocytes in modulation of immune cell activation is also provided. Finally, we have outlined experimental flow chart procedures and provided technical advices to investigate the physiological processes leading to thermogenic adipose tissue impairment that are behind the immunometabolic decline during aging.
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Meraci B, Gunpinar S, Dundar N. Clinical importance of neuregulin-4 and its receptor ErbB4 in periodontal disease pathogenesis. Oral Dis 2020; 26:1326-1336. [PMID: 32274847 DOI: 10.1111/odi.13349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/28/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this clinical trial was to evaluate the levels of Neuregulin-4 (Nrg4), Erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 4 (ErbB4), interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, nitric oxide synthase (NOS)-2, and arginase (Arg)-1 in periodontal health and disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study includes systemically healthy 20 periodontally healthy (H), 20 gingivitis (G), 20 stage II periodontitis (P1), and 20 stage III periodontitis (P2) subjects. Periodontal clinical measurements and samples of gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and serum were obtained at baseline and 4 weeks after non-surgical periodontal treatment (NSPT). Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to determine ErbB4, Nrg4, IL-6, IL-10, NOS2, and Arg1 levels in all samples. RESULTS GCF ErbB4 and Nrg4 total amounts and IL-6/IL-10 ratio were significantly higher in G, P1, and P2 groups than H group. Serum NOS2 levels were significantly lower, whereas serum Arg1 levels were higher in H group than the others. The GCF levels of ErbB4 and Nrg4 were significantly decreased after NSPT in G, P1, and P2 groups. Additionally, the GCF levels of ErbB4 and Nrg4 were positively correlated with all clinical parameters and IL-6/IL-10 ratio. CONCLUSIONS Nrg4 and its receptor ErbB4 might have crucial roles in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease. These results should be verified with future prospective studies to further clarify the exact role of those biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bilge Meraci
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu, Turkey
| | - Sadiye Gunpinar
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu, Turkey
| | - Niyazi Dundar
- Faculty of Dentistry, Research Center, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
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31
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Wang R, Zhou W, Zhu X, Zhou N, Yang F, Sun B, Li X. Differences in Neuregulin 4 Expression in Children: Effects of Fat Depots and Obese Status. Endocr Res 2020; 45:190-201. [PMID: 31986906 DOI: 10.1080/07435800.2020.1721528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To observe the expression of Nrg4, uncoupling protein-1 (UCP1), tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα), CD31, VE-cadherin/CDH5 and vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) mRNA in abdominal subcutaneous (SC), omental (OM) adipose tissue in children with relation to anthropometric parameters. Further to verify the effect of inflammatory mediators on Nrg4 and UCP1 mRNA expression in adipocytes. METHODS Paired SC and OM adipose tissues were obtained from 58 children. In vitro, the adipocytes isolated from primary inguinal adipose tissue of mice were treated with TNFα (50 ng/ml) for 12-48 h. mRNA levels of Nrg4, UCP1 and TNFα were determined by real-time PCR. RESULTS Nrg4, UCP1, VEGF-A and CDH5 mRNA levels in SC were significantly higher than those in OM adipose tissue and the mRNA level of TNFα showed the opposite result. Moreover, Nrg4 and UCP1 mRNA in SC were significantly lower in overweight children compared to normal weight children. Nrg4 in SC and OM was negatively associated with BMISDS, WHtR. CDH55 mRNA in OM was negatively associated with WHR. VEGF-A was positively correlated with Nrg4 in SC. In vitro, Nrg4 and UCP1 mRNA levels in adipocytes were dose- and time-dependently decreased under TNFα treatment. CONCLUSIONS Nrg4, UCP1, VEGF-A and CDH5 mRNA expression in adipose tissues display a depot-specific pattern. Nrg4 mRNA levels in adipose tissue are decreased with obesity and associated with WAT browning and angiogenesis. TNFα may be involved in the regulation of Nrg4 level in adipose tissue, which may be one of the causes of the down-regulation of Nrg4 expression in obesity with chronic inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Wang
- Department of Children Health Care, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Department of Children Health Care, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaolei Zhu
- Department of Children Health Care, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing, China
| | - Nan Zhou
- Department of Children Health Care, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Children Health Care, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing, China
| | - Bin Sun
- Department of General Surgery, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaonan Li
- Department of Children Health Care, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing, China
- Institute of Pediatric Research, Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing, China
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32
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Gumà A, Díaz-Sáez F, Camps M, Zorzano A. Neuregulin, an Effector on Mitochondria Metabolism That Preserves Insulin Sensitivity. Front Physiol 2020; 11:696. [PMID: 32655416 PMCID: PMC7324780 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Various external factors modulate the metabolic efficiency of mitochondria. This review focuses on the impact of the growth factor neuregulin and its ErbB receptors on mitochondria and their relationship with several physiopathological alterations. Neuregulin is involved in the differentiation of heart, skeletal muscle, and the neuronal system, among others; and its deficiency is deleterious for the health. Information gathered over the last two decades suggests that neuregulin plays a key role in regulating the mitochondrial oxidative machinery, which sustains cell survival and insulin sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Gumà
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francisco Díaz-Sáez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Camps
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antonio Zorzano
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
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Liberale L, Montecucco F. Adipocytokines and cardiovascular diseases: Putative role of Neuregulin 4. Eur J Clin Invest 2020; 50:e13306. [PMID: 32511758 DOI: 10.1111/eci.13306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Luca Liberale
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Fabrizio Montecucco
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine and Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research (CEBR), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genova - Italian Cardiovascular Network, Genoa, Italy
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Zhao M, Jung Y, Jiang Z, Svensson KJ. Regulation of Energy Metabolism by Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Ligands. Front Physiol 2020; 11:354. [PMID: 32372975 PMCID: PMC7186430 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic diseases, such as diabetes, obesity, and fatty liver disease, have now reached epidemic proportions. Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) are a family of cell surface receptors responding to growth factors, hormones, and cytokines to mediate a diverse set of fundamental cellular and metabolic signaling pathways. These ligands signal by endocrine, paracrine, or autocrine means in peripheral organs and in the central nervous system to control cellular and tissue-specific metabolic processes. Interestingly, the expression of many RTKs and their ligands are controlled by changes in metabolic demand, for example, during starvation, feeding, or obesity. In addition, studies of RTKs and their ligands in regulating energy homeostasis have revealed unexpected diversity in the mechanisms of action and their specific metabolic functions. Our current understanding of the molecular, biochemical and genetic control of energy homeostasis by the endocrine RTK ligands insulin, FGF21 and FGF19 are now relatively well understood. In addition to these classical endocrine signals, non-endocrine ligands can govern local energy regulation, and the intriguing crosstalk between the RTK family and the TGFβ receptor family demonstrates a signaling network that diversifies metabolic process between tissues. Thus, there is a need to increase our molecular and mechanistic understanding of signal diversification of RTK actions in metabolic disease. Here we review the known and emerging molecular mechanisms of RTK signaling that regulate systemic glucose and lipid metabolism, as well as highlighting unexpected roles of non-classical RTK ligands that crosstalk with other receptor pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States.,Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Yunshin Jung
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States.,Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Zewen Jiang
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States.,Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Katrin J Svensson
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States.,Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford, CA, United States
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35
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Clinical significance of serum concentrations of neuregulin-4, in acute coronary syndrome. Sci Rep 2020; 10:5797. [PMID: 32242042 PMCID: PMC7118153 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-62680-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is closely associated with an increased risk of death. Nrg4, a novel adipocytokine, has negative correlations with indicators of metabolic syndrome. Here, we investigated whether circulating Nrg4 associates with the prevalence of ACS. In this case-control study, a total of 257 subjects (144 patients with ACS and 56 patients diagnosed with stable angina pectoris (SAP)) compared to 57 healthy controls. Serum Nrg4 and hs-CRP concentrations were determined by ELISA. The associations of circulating Nrg4 with other clinical parameters were also analyzed. Serum levels of Nrg4 were lower in patients compared to the control subjects (0.7 ± 0.53 ng/mL versus 1.1 ± 0.9 ng/mL, P = 0.018). There was a significant association between higher Nrg4 level and lower risk of ACS (OR = 0.15; 95%CI = 0.02–0.9; P = 0.046), but not with SAP. This association was independent of potential confounders including traditional cardiovascular risk factors. The distribution of patients with no, 1, 2 and 3 vessel stenosis was significantly different in Nrg4 quartiles. Patients in the lower quartile of Nrg4 were more likely to experience 3 vessel diseases. Serum levels of Nrg4 correlated negatively with HDL-cholesterol in ACS patients. Decreased serum levels of Nrg4 might be an independent risk factor for ACS.
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Amir M, Yu M, He P, Srinivasan S. Hepatic Autonomic Nervous System and Neurotrophic Factors Regulate the Pathogenesis and Progression of Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Front Med (Lausanne) 2020; 7:62. [PMID: 32175323 PMCID: PMC7056867 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2020.00062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease represents a continuum of excessive hepatic steatosis, inflammation and fibrosis. It is a growing epidemic in the United States of America and worldwide. Progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease can lead to morbidity and mortality due to complications such as cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma. Pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is centered on increased hepatic lipogenesis and decreased hepatic lipolysis in the setting of hepatic and systemic insulin resistance. Adipose tissue and hepatic inflammation can further perpetuate the severity of illness. Currently there are no approved therapies for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Most of the drugs being explored for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease focus on classical pathogenic pathways surrounding hepatic lipid accumulation, inflammation or fibrosis. Studies have demonstrated that the autonomic nervous system innervating the liver plays a crucial role in regulation of hepatic lipid homeostasis, inflammation and fibrosis. Additionally, there is growing evidence that neurotrophic factors can modulate all stages of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Both the autonomic nervous system and neurotrophic factors are altered in patients and murine models of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. In this review we focus on the pathophysiological role of the autonomic nervous system and neurotrophic factors that could be potential targets for novel therapeutic approaches to treat non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Amir
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Michael Yu
- Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Peijian He
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Shanthi Srinivasan
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States.,Research-Gastroenterology, Atlanta VA Health Care System, Decatur, GA, United States
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37
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Tutunchi H, Ostadrahimi A, Hosseinzadeh-Attar MJ, Miryan M, Mobasseri M, Ebrahimi-Mameghani M. A systematic review of the association of neuregulin 4, a brown fat-enriched secreted factor, with obesity and related metabolic disturbances. Obes Rev 2020; 21:e12952. [PMID: 31782243 DOI: 10.1111/obr.12952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Revised: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Neuregulin 4 (Nrg4), a novel brown fat-enriched hormone, plays a key role in the modulation of glucose and lipid metabolism and energy balance. Recent data have demonstrated that the expression of Nrg4 is substantially down-regulated in mouse and human obesity, making its regulatory aspect intriguing. Because of the close relationship between Nrg4, obesity, and associated metabolic diseases, this systematic review aimed to assess the association of Nrg4 with obesity and related metabolic disturbances, emphasizing its possible mechanisms of action in these disorders. We searched PubMed/Medline, ScienceDirect, Scopus, EMBASE, ProQuest, and Google Scholar up until June 2019. The evidence reviewed here indicates that Nrg4 may contribute to the prevention of obesity and related metabolic complications by elevating brown adipose tissue activity, increasing the expression of thermogenic markers, decreasing the expression of lipogenic/adipogenic genes, exacerbating white adipose tissue browning, increasing the number of brite/beige adipocytes, promoting hepatic fat oxidation and ketogenesis, inducing neurite outgrowth, enhancing blood vessels in adipose tissue, increasing the circulatory levels of healthy adipokines, and improving glucose homeostasis. Thus, Nrg4 appears to be a novel therapeutic strategy for the treatment of obesity and associated metabolic complications. However, prospective cohort studies are warranted to confirm these outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helda Tutunchi
- Nutrition Research Center, Student Research Committee, Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Nutrition Research Center, Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Alireza Ostadrahimi
- Nutrition Research Center, Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Mahsa Miryan
- Nutrition Research Center, Student Research Committee, Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Majid Mobasseri
- Endocrine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mehrangiz Ebrahimi-Mameghani
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Department of Biochemistry and Diet Therapy, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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38
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Yan P, Zhang Z, Miao Y, Xu Y, Zhu J, Wan Q. Changes of circulating neuregulin 4 and its relationship with 25-hydroxy vitamin D and other diabetic vascular complications in patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2020; 12:42. [PMID: 32477429 PMCID: PMC7236347 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-020-00550-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuregulin 4 (Nrg4) is a novel neurotrophic adipokine associated with the development of diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN), however, the pathological mechanism remains poorly understood. The purpose of our study was to investigate the association of circulating Nrg4 with DPN and 25-hydroxy vitamin D [25(OH)D], a multifunctional secosteroid hormone that regulates other neurotrophic factors and adipokines gene expression, and other diabetic vascular complications. METHODS Circulating Nrg4 levels were measured with an ELISA kit in 164 newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus (nT2DM) patients. The relationship between circulating Nrg4 and DPN and other parameters was analyzed. RESULTS Circulating Nrg4 levels were significantly lower in nT2DM patients with DPN than those without, and subjects in the highest quartile of circulating Nrg4 had significantly lower vibration perception threshold (VPT), the prevalence of DPN, the proportion of persons with VPT > 25 V, and significantly higher circulating 25(OH)D (all P < 0.01). Moreover, circulating Nrg4 was positively and independently associated with 25(OH)D, and was negatively with VPT (P < 0.01 or P < 0.05), but showed no associations with the prevalence of peripheral arterial disease, diabetic nephropathy, and diabetic retinopathy (all P > 0.05). Additionally,the prevalence of DPN and risk of DPN development were progressively decreased with increasing circulating Nrg4 quartiles, independently of potential confounding factors. CONCLUSIONS These data demonstrate that decreased levels of circulating Nrg4 might lead to the development of DPN through its close interaction with circulating 25(OH)D not with other diabetic vascular complications. Further prospective studies are needed to identify our findings in these populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pijun Yan
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000 China
| | - Zhihong Zhang
- Department of General Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000 China
| | - Ying Miao
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000 China
| | - Yong Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000 China
| | - Jianhua Zhu
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000 China
| | - Qin Wan
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000 China
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39
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Wang Y, Huang S, Yu P. Association between circulating neuregulin4 levels and diabetes mellitus: A meta-analysis of observational studies. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0225705. [PMID: 31815951 PMCID: PMC6901220 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0225705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Neuregulin 4 (Nrg4) was proven as a brown fat-enriched secreted factor that can regulate glucose and lipid metabolism. However, the association between circulating Nrg4 levels and diabetes mellitus (DM) in human remains unclear. We conducted a meta-analysis to investigate association of circulating Nrg4 with DM. METHODS Observational studies comparing circulating Nrg4 levels in diabetes patients and health controls were included. Circulating Nrg4, correlation coefficients of clinical indices and circulating Nrg4 were pooled by meta-analysis. RESULTS Seven studies were included. The pooled results indicated there were no significant difference in the circulating Nrg4 between diabetes patients and controls (SMD = 0.18, 95%CI = -0.06 to 0.42, P = 0.143). However, diabetes patients had higher circulating Nrg4 than their controls in cross-sectional studies (SMD = 0.55, 95%CI = 0.36 to 0.73, P<0.001). None of the renal function and metabolic syndrome markers were correlated with circulating Nrg4, whereas the HbA1c and BMI were positively correlated (rs = 0.09, 95%CI = 0.03 to 0.16, P = 0.005; rs = 0.20, 95%CI = 0.07 to 0.34, P = 0.003; respectively). CONCLUSION Our findings suggested circulating Nrg4 may play a role in in the development of DM in cross-sectional studies and circulating Nrg4 might be associated with imbalance in glucose metabolism and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Tianjn Medical University), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjn Medical University Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin, China
| | - Shuai Huang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Tianjn Medical University), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjn Medical University Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin, China
| | - Pei Yu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Tianjn Medical University), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjn Medical University Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin, China
- * E-mail:
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40
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Rega-Kaun G, Kaun C, Jaegersberger G, Prager M, Hackl M, Demyanets S, Wojta J, Hohensinner PJ. Roux-en-Y-Bariatric Surgery Reduces Markers of Metabolic Syndrome in Morbidly Obese Patients. Obes Surg 2019; 30:391-400. [DOI: 10.1007/s11695-019-04190-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Obesity is closely linked to increased markers of metabolic syndrome and development of diabetes. Roux-en-Y bariatric surgery reduces hyperinsulinemia and improves insulin sensitivity and hence benefits morbidly obese patients.
Aim
To determine changes in markers of metabolic syndrome, pancreatic function, and hepatic insulin sensitivity in patients before and 1 year after undergoing Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery.
Methods
We enrolled 43 consecutive patients in a single center. Markers for metabolic syndrome included proinsulin, insulin, C-peptide, liver enzymes, and serum levels of selected microRNAs hsa-miR-122, hsa-miR-130, hsa-miR-132, and hsa-miR-375.
Results
After surgery, all patients showed a significant 37% drop of body mass index (p < 0.001). Furthermore, proinsulin (59% reduction, p < 0.001), insulin (76% reduction, p < 0.001), and C-peptide (56% reduction, p < 0.001) were all reduced 1 year after surgery. Using the hepatic insulin clearance score, we determined a significant increase in hepatic insulin clearance after surgery (76% increase, p < 0.001). Especially diabetic patients showed a marked 2.1-fold increase after surgery. Hepatic enzymes ALT (35% reduction, p = 0.002) and γGT (48% reduction, p < 0.001) were significantly reduced in all patients with similar improvement in diabetic and non-diabetic patients. miRNAs hsa-miR-122, hsa-miR-130, and hsa-miR-132 were all significantly reduced whereas hsa-miR-375 was increased after gastric bypass surgery (p < 0.001 for all miRNAs).
Conclusion
Both liver and pancreatic stress parameters were reduced significantly 1 year after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery suggesting an overall amelioration of the metabolic syndrome in all patients regardless of previous health status.
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Catalina MOS, Redondo PC, Granados MP, Cantonero C, Sanchez-Collado J, Albarran L, Lopez JJ. New Insights into Adipokines as Potential Biomarkers for Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus. Curr Med Chem 2019; 26:4119-4144. [PMID: 29210636 DOI: 10.2174/0929867325666171205162248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Revised: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A large number of studies have been focused on investigating serum biomarkers associated with risk or diagnosis of type-2 diabetes mellitus. In the last decade, promising studies have shown that circulating levels of adipokines could be used as a relevant biomarker for diabetes mellitus progression as well as therapeutic future targets. Here, we discuss the possible use of recently described adipokines, including apelin, omentin-1, resistin, FGF-21, neuregulin-4 and visfatin, as early biomarkers for diabetes. In addition, we also include recent findings of other well known adipokines such as leptin and adiponectin. In conclusion, further studies are needed to clarify the pathophysiological significance and clinical value of these biological factors as potential biomarkers in type-2 diabetes and related dysfunctions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pedro C Redondo
- Department of Physiology (Cell Physiology Research Group), University of Extremadura, 10003-Caceres, Spain
| | - Maria P Granados
- Aldea Moret's Medical Center, Extremadura Health Service, 10195-Caceres, Spain
| | - Carlos Cantonero
- Department of Physiology (Cell Physiology Research Group), University of Extremadura, 10003-Caceres, Spain
| | - Jose Sanchez-Collado
- Department of Physiology (Cell Physiology Research Group), University of Extremadura, 10003-Caceres, Spain
| | - Letizia Albarran
- Department of Physiology (Cell Physiology Research Group), University of Extremadura, 10003-Caceres, Spain
| | - Jose J Lopez
- Department of Physiology (Cell Physiology Research Group), University of Extremadura, 10003-Caceres, Spain
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42
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Funcke JB, Scherer PE. Beyond adiponectin and leptin: adipose tissue-derived mediators of inter-organ communication. J Lipid Res 2019; 60:1648-1684. [PMID: 31209153 PMCID: PMC6795086 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.r094060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 176] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The breakthrough discoveries of leptin and adiponectin more than two decades ago led to a widespread recognition of adipose tissue as an endocrine organ. Many more adipose tissue-secreted signaling mediators (adipokines) have been identified since then, and much has been learned about how adipose tissue communicates with other organs of the body to maintain systemic homeostasis. Beyond proteins, additional factors, such as lipids, metabolites, noncoding RNAs, and extracellular vesicles (EVs), released by adipose tissue participate in this process. Here, we review the diverse signaling mediators and mechanisms adipose tissue utilizes to relay information to other organs. We discuss recently identified adipokines (proteins, lipids, and metabolites) and briefly outline the contributions of noncoding RNAs and EVs to the ever-increasing complexities of adipose tissue inter-organ communication. We conclude by reflecting on central aspects of adipokine biology, namely, the contribution of distinct adipose tissue depots and cell types to adipokine secretion, the phenomenon of adipokine resistance, and the capacity of adipose tissue to act both as a source and sink of signaling mediators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan-Bernd Funcke
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Philipp E Scherer
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
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Sato T, Minatsuki S. Neuregulin-4, an Adipokine, as a Residual Risk Factor of Atherosclerotic Coronary Artery Disease. Int Heart J 2019; 60:1-3. [PMID: 30686800 DOI: 10.1536/ihj.18-654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuyuki Sato
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo
| | - Shun Minatsuki
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo
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Li M, Chen Y, Jiang J, Lu Y, Song Z, Zhang S, Sun C, Ying H, Fan X, Song Y, Yang J, Zhao L. Elevated serum neuregulin 4 levels in patients with hyperthyroidism. Endocr Connect 2019; 8:728-735. [PMID: 31063974 PMCID: PMC6547303 DOI: 10.1530/ec-19-0175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Recent studies have shown that neuregulin 4 (Nrg4), a member of the epidermal growth factor (EGF) family of extracellular ligands, plays an important role in the prevention of obesity, insulin resistance and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Considering that thyroid hormone (TH) has profound effects on whole-body energy metabolism, we speculate that circulating Nrg4 levels might be altered in patients with hyperthyroidism. DESIGN AND METHODS A total of 129 hyperthyroid patients and 100 healthy subjects were recruited. Of them, 39 hyperthyroid patients received thionamide treatment for 3 months until euthyroidism. Serum Nrg4 levels were determined using the ELISA method. To further confirm the relationship between TH and Nrg4, C57BL/6 mice were treated with T3 and quantitative real-time PCR was performed to detect Nrg4 gene expression. RESULTS Serum Nrg4 levels were significantly elevated in hyperthyroid patients as compared with normal controls (3.84 ± 1.63 vs 2.21 ± 1.04 ng/mL, P < 0.001). After achieving euthyroidism by thionamide treatment, serum Nrg4 levels dropped markedly from 3.57 ± 1.26 to 1.94 ± 0.72 ng/ml (P < 0.001). After adjustment for potential confounders, serum Nrg4 levels were independently associated with hyperthyroidism. The upregulation of Nrg4 expression in the livers and white adipose tissues by T3 was further confirmed by animal and cell culture experiments. CONCLUSIONS Serum Nrg4 levels were increased in patients with hyperthyroidism. The liver and white adipose tissue might be primary sources contributing to elevated serum Nrg4 concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Fudan Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Fudan Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingjing Jiang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Fudan Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Lu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Fudan Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiyi Song
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shengjie Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Chao Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Ying
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaofang Fan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Minhang Branch, Zhongshan Hospital, Central Hospital of Minhang District, Shanghai Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuping Song
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Minhang Branch, Zhongshan Hospital, Central Hospital of Minhang District, Shanghai Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Correspondence should be addressed to Y Song or J Yang or L Zhao: or or
| | - Jialin Yang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Minhang Branch, Zhongshan Hospital, Central Hospital of Minhang District, Shanghai Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Correspondence should be addressed to Y Song or J Yang or L Zhao: or or
| | - Lin Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Fudan Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Correspondence should be addressed to Y Song or J Yang or L Zhao: or or
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45
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Kurek Eken M, Sahin Ersoy G, Yayla Abide C, Sanverdi İ, Devranoglu B, Kutlu T, Çevik Ö. Association between circulating neuregulin 4 levels and metabolic, aterogenic, and AMH profile of polycystic ovary syndrome. J OBSTET GYNAECOL 2019; 39:975-980. [PMID: 31064233 DOI: 10.1080/01443615.2019.1581754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a metabolic disorder associated with obesity and energy metabolic system disturbances in adipose tissue. Neuregulin 4 (NRG4), which is secreted by adipose tissue, regulates energy metabolism. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the association between serum NRG4 levels in obese and normal weight PCOS patients. This cross-sectional study was conducted at a tertiary hospital in Turkey from April to August 2017. We included 148 women who were divided into four groups as follows: 40 normal weight and 39 obese PCOS women diagnosed according to the Rotterdam criteria as well as 38 normal weight and 31 obese, age-matched, non-hyperandrogenemic women with a regular menstrual cycle (controls). Levels of serum NRG4, anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), fasting blood glucose (FBG), insulin, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP); lipid and hormone profiles; insulin resistance indices [homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR)];and anthropometric parameters were evaluated. Serum NRG4 levels were elevated in the normal weight PCOS group than in the control group. Moreover, serum NRG4 levels were higher in the obese PCOS group than in the normal weight PCOS and obese control groups (p < .01). Serum NRG4 levels were positively correlated with body mass index (BMI); waist/hip ratio; HOMA-IR; and levels of triglycerides, hs-CRP, FBG, insulin, AMH, and dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate. Multiple regression analyses revealed that serum NRG4 levels were independently associated with BMI. Obesity appears to be the most influential factor for NRG4 secretion in PCOS patients. Management of obesity may be a key factor for resolving PCOS-related metabolic abnormalities and fertility problems. Impact Sstatement What is already known on this subject? PCOS is a dynamic syndrome with different clinical and metabolic features during the reproductive age. PCOS is associated with various metabolic abnormalities, such as insulin resistance (IR), glucose intolerance, dyslipidemia, and obesity (particularly visceral obesity) as well as long-term complications, such as type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Neuregulin 4 (NRG4), which is secreted by adipose tissue, regulates energy metabolism. What do the results of this study add? To the best of our knowledge, this was the first study investigating NRG4 levels in PCOS patients with different BMIs. Obesity appears to be the most influential factor for NRG4 secretion in these patients. Managing obesity may be a key factor for resolving PCOS-related metabolic abnormalities. What are the implications of these findings for clinical practice and/or further research? Further research in PCOS is warranted to ameliorate obesity, and our study can provide basis for future studies investigating NRG4 levels in PCOS patients with different phenotypes as well as studies of gene polymorphisms, AMH, and infertility and can contribute to the elucidation of problems related to the pathophysiology of PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meryem Kurek Eken
- Department of Obstetric and Gyneacology-Aydın, Adnan Menderes University Medical Faculty , Aydın , Turkey
| | | | - Cigdem Yayla Abide
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility-İstanbul, Zeynep Kamil Maternal and Children Educational and Research Hospital , İstanbul , Turkey
| | - İlhan Sanverdi
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility-İstanbul, Zeynep Kamil Maternal and Children Educational and Research Hospital , İstanbul , Turkey
| | - Belgin Devranoglu
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility-İstanbul, Zeynep Kamil Maternal and Children Educational and Research Hospital , İstanbul , Turkey
| | - Tayfun Kutlu
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility-İstanbul, Zeynep Kamil Maternal and Children Educational and Research Hospital , İstanbul , Turkey
| | - Özge Çevik
- Department of Biochemistry-Aydın, Adnan Menderes University Medical Faculty , Aydın , Turkey
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Wang W, Zhang Y, Yang C, Wang Y, Shen J, Shi M, Wang B. Transplantation of neuregulin 4-overexpressing adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells ameliorates insulin resistance by attenuating hepatic steatosis. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2019; 244:565-578. [PMID: 30935234 DOI: 10.1177/1535370219839643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPACT STATEMENT Due to high-fat and high-sugar diets accompanied by sedentary lifestyles, diabetes has become a global epidemic. Literature findings suggest a potential therapeutic effect of Nrg4 on treating obesity-related metabolic disorders including type 2 diabetes (T2D). Adipose tissue-derived MSCs (ADSCs) were used in our study as they are abundant and can be harvested with minimally invasive procedures. In the end, our study reveals that ADSC transplantation improves glucose tolerance and metabolic balance in HFD-fed mice by multiple mechanisms, including upregulating GLUT4 expression and suppressing inflammation. More importantly, our study shows that Nrg4 overexpression could improve the efficacy of ADSCs in ameliorating insulin resistance (IR) and other obesity-related metabolic disorders, given the function of Nrg4 in attenuating hepatic lipogenesis. It would provide a new therapeutic strategy for the treatment of obesity, IR, and T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyue Wang
- 1 Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
- *These authors contributed equally to this paper
| | - Yuxiang Zhang
- 1 Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
- *These authors contributed equally to this paper
| | - Chengcan Yang
- 1 Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Yanni Wang
- 2 Department of Oral Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Jiahui Shen
- 1 Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Meilong Shi
- 1 Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Bing Wang
- 1 Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
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Wang R, Yang F, Qing L, Huang R, Liu Q, Li X. Decreased serum neuregulin 4 levels associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in children with obesity. Clin Obes 2019; 9:e12289. [PMID: 30411515 DOI: 10.1111/cob.12289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2018] [Revised: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Neuregulin 4 (Nrg4), a newly identified adipokine secreted by brown adipose tissue, is hypothesised to play a crucial role in metabolism. The present study aimed to evaluate the association between serum Nrg4 levels and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in children with obesity in China. A total of 123 children with obesity were included in this study. Anthropometric and biochemical parameters were measured in all subjects. NAFLD was diagnosed using ultrasonography. The serum levels of Nrg4, leptin and adiponectin were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. NAFLD was identified in 58 children with obesity (47.2%). Serum Nrg4 levels were significantly lower in the NAFLD group (2.24 [1.20, 3.22] ng/mL) than in the control group (5.50 [2.45, 10.85] ng/mL) (p < 0.001). Serum Nrg4 levels were negatively correlated with most of the anthropometric and biochemical parameters (p < 0.05) but were positively correlated with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (p < 0.05). In multiple stepwise regression analyses, serum Nrg4 levels were independently related with WHtR (β = -2.009, p = 0.048) and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (β = -0.524, p = 0.005). Furthermore, a multivariable logistic regression analysis of NAFLD prediction by Nrg4 revealed an odds ratio of 0.129 (95% confidence interval: 0.028-0.587, p < 0.01). The receiver operating characteristic curve analysis of the diagnostic value of using serum Nrg4 levels to differentiate NAFLD in children with obesity showed that the area under the curve was 0.723; the cutoff for serum Nrg4 levels to have diagnostic value for predicting NAFLD in children with obesity was 3.39 ng/mL. Elevated Nrg4 is associated with a decreased risk of NAFLD in children with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Wang
- Department of Children Health Care, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Children Health Care, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Li Qing
- Department of Children Health Care, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Rong Huang
- Department of Children Health Care, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qianqi Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaonan Li
- Department of Children Health Care, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Institute of Pediatric Research, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Zhang L, Bai M, Tang H, Zhou F, Zhu Q, Wang S, Zhu K, Liu Q, Liu Y, Wang X, Ma Y, Zhou L. Role of hepatic neuregulin 4 in the regulation of gluconeogenesis in mice. Life Sci 2019; 217:185-192. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2018] [Revised: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Decreased plasma neuregulin 4 levels are associated with peripheral neuropathy in Chinese patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes: A cross-sectional study. Cytokine 2019; 113:356-364. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2018.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Revised: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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50
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Tian QP, Liu ML, Tang CS, Xue L, Pang YZ, Qi YF. Association of Circulating Neuregulin-4 with Presence and Severity of Coronary Artery Disease. Int Heart J 2018; 60:45-49. [PMID: 30393265 DOI: 10.1536/ihj.18-130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Neuregulin-4 (Nrg4) is a newly discovered adipokine that is synthesized in many tissues and plays an important role in modulating systemic energy metabolism and in the development of metabolic disorders. However, little is known about the relationship between Nrg4 and coronary artery disease (CAD). In this study, we investigated the association between Nrg4 and the presence and severity of CAD.We enrolled 73 patients diagnosed by coronary angiography (CAG) as having CAD and 32 controls. The CAD group was divided into two subgroups according to their SYNTAX score. Plasma levels of Nrg4 were measured in all participants and compared among different groups. The relationship between Nrg4 and CAD was analyzed. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was conducted to evaluate the usefulness Nrg4 in assessing the presence and severity of CAD.Nrg4 levels were negatively associated with the SYNTAX score (r = -0.401, P = 0.000). The patients with a higher SYNTAX score had significantly lower Nrg4 levels as compared with the low SYNTAX score subgroup and the controls (P < 0.05). The Nrg4 levels of the low SYNTAX score subgroup were much lower than controls (P < 0.05). Furthermore, an association between Nrg4 and CAD (odds ratio, 0.279; 95% confidence interval, 0.088-0.882) was observed. Nrg4 had 43.8% sensitivity and 96.9% specificity for identifying CAD, and 73.1% sensitivity and 87.3% specificity for identifying patients who had severe coronary artery lesions.Nrg4 levels were found to be inversely associated with the presence and severity of CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Ping Tian
- Department of Geriatrics, Peking University First Hospital
| | - Mei-Lin Liu
- Department of Geriatrics, Peking University First Hospital
| | - Chao-Shu Tang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Peking University First Hospital
| | - Lin Xue
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital
| | - Yong-Zheng Pang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Peking University First Hospital
| | - Yong-Fen Qi
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center
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