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El-Qashty R, Youssef J, Hany E. The role of erythropoietin-loaded hydrogel versus adipose derived stem cell secretome in the regeneration of tongue defects. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:1109. [PMID: 39294639 PMCID: PMC11411902 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04835-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 08/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tongue defects have several etiologies and significantly affect the quality of life. This study was conducted to compare the regenerative potential of erythropoietin (EPO)-loaded hydrogel and adipose derived stem cell (ADSC) secretome on tongue dorsum defects focusing on the role of anti-inflammatory M2 macrophage phenotype. METHODS Rats were subjected to induction of mechanical circular defects on the dorsal surface of the tongue, then divided into three groups; Group I (control): received 0.1 ml phosphate buffered saline, Group II (EPO): received 5000 U/kg EPO-hydrogel, and Group III (ADSC-Secretome): received 0.1 ml ADSC-Secretome. Treatments were injected circumferentially around wound margins after induction. Seven and fourteen days after treatment, specimens were obtained and processed for histological and immunohistochemical staining followed by the relevant histomorphometric and statistical analyses. RESULTS Seven days after treatment, groups II and III presented defects with some epithelial regeneration at the lateral margins, while the center of the defect showed granulation tissue with much inflammatory cells. The base of the defects showed some muscle fibers and new blood vessels, however group III showed more enhanced neovascularization. Fourteen days after therapeutic intervention, group II defects were completely covered with epithelium showing a thin keratin layer with regular rete pegs interdigitating with the underlying connective tissue papillae, but tongue papillae were not restored. Group III expressed much better healing with developing filiform papillae. The connective tissue showed more vascularity and well-arranged muscle bundles. Both treated groups showed a significant decrease in defect depth and significant increase in anti-inflammatory macrophages compared to the control group at both time intervals, however there was no significant difference between the two treated groups. CONCLUSION Both treatments showed promising and comparable results in the treatment of tongue defects reducing inflammation and restoring tongue histological architecture with significant upregulation of M2 macrophage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rana El-Qashty
- Oral Biology department, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
| | - Jilan Youssef
- Periodontology, Diagnosis and Oral Radiology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Eman Hany
- Oral Biology department, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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2
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Lau CS, Park SY, Ethiraj LP, Singh P, Raj G, Quek J, Prasadh S, Choo Y, Goh BT. Role of Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Bone Regeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6805. [PMID: 38928517 PMCID: PMC11204188 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Bone regeneration involves multiple factors such as tissue interactions, an inflammatory response, and vessel formation. In the event of diseases, old age, lifestyle, or trauma, bone regeneration can be impaired which could result in a prolonged healing duration or requiring an external intervention for repair. Currently, bone grafts hold the golden standard for bone regeneration. However, several limitations hinder its clinical applications, e.g., donor site morbidity, an insufficient tissue volume, and uncertain post-operative outcomes. Bone tissue engineering, involving stem cells seeded onto scaffolds, has thus been a promising treatment alternative for bone regeneration. Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AD-MSCs) are known to hold therapeutic value for the treatment of various clinical conditions and have displayed feasibility and significant effectiveness due to their ease of isolation, non-invasive, abundance in quantity, and osteogenic capacity. Notably, in vitro studies showed AD-MSCs holding a high proliferation capacity, multi-differentiation potential through the release of a variety of factors, and extracellular vesicles, allowing them to repair damaged tissues. In vivo and clinical studies showed AD-MSCs favoring better vascularization and the integration of the scaffolds, while the presence of scaffolds has enhanced the osteogenesis potential of AD-MSCs, thus yielding optimal bone formation outcomes. Effective bone regeneration requires the interplay of both AD-MSCs and scaffolds (material, pore size) to improve the osteogenic and vasculogenic capacity. This review presents the advances and applications of AD-MSCs for bone regeneration and bone tissue engineering, focusing on the in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies involving AD-MSCs for bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chau Sang Lau
- National Dental Centre Singapore, National Dental Research Institute Singapore, Singapore 168938, Singapore; (C.S.L.); (S.Y.P.); (L.P.E.); (G.R.)
- Oral Health Academic Clinical Programme, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - So Yeon Park
- National Dental Centre Singapore, National Dental Research Institute Singapore, Singapore 168938, Singapore; (C.S.L.); (S.Y.P.); (L.P.E.); (G.R.)
| | - Lalith Prabha Ethiraj
- National Dental Centre Singapore, National Dental Research Institute Singapore, Singapore 168938, Singapore; (C.S.L.); (S.Y.P.); (L.P.E.); (G.R.)
- Oral Health Academic Clinical Programme, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - Priti Singh
- National Dental Centre Singapore, National Dental Research Institute Singapore, Singapore 168938, Singapore; (C.S.L.); (S.Y.P.); (L.P.E.); (G.R.)
| | - Grace Raj
- National Dental Centre Singapore, National Dental Research Institute Singapore, Singapore 168938, Singapore; (C.S.L.); (S.Y.P.); (L.P.E.); (G.R.)
| | - Jolene Quek
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 308232, Singapore; (J.Q.); (Y.C.)
| | - Somasundaram Prasadh
- Center for Clean Energy Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA;
| | - Yen Choo
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 308232, Singapore; (J.Q.); (Y.C.)
| | - Bee Tin Goh
- National Dental Centre Singapore, National Dental Research Institute Singapore, Singapore 168938, Singapore; (C.S.L.); (S.Y.P.); (L.P.E.); (G.R.)
- Oral Health Academic Clinical Programme, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
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Miguel-Pastor L, Satué K, Chicharro D, Damiá E, Cuervo B, Torres-Torrillas M, Martins E, Velasco-Martínez MG, Carrillo JM, Sopena JJ, Cerón JJ, Rubio M. Characterization of platelet rich plasma in feline immunodeficiency virus-infected cats: Cell, and PDGF-BB and TGF-ß1 growth factor analysis. Res Vet Sci 2024; 168:105138. [PMID: 38218061 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2024.105138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
Autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP) contains growth factors (GFs) that modulate the expression of inflammatory cells; thus, these products could be considered a good strategy to favor tissue regeneration in feline immunodeficiency (FIV) positive cats. However, there is no scientific documentation on obtaining PRP in FIV-positive cats. Authors hypothesized that PRP can be obtained in FIV cats following the PRGF®-Endoret® methodology. The objectives of this study were to compare the platelet, erythrocyte, and leukocyte concentration between whole blood (WB) and the PRP; and determine the concentration of platelet-derived growth factor BB (PDGF-BB) and transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) in FIV-positive cats. Sixteen adults FIV-positive asymptomatic cats were included in the study. WB samples were drawn and the PRP was obtained by centrifugation at 265g for 10 min. Erythrocyte and leukocyte, platelets, and mean platelet volume (MPV) were determined both in WB and in PRP. PDGF-BB and TGF-β1 concentrations were additionally determined in PRP. Platelet concentration increased 1.1 times in PRP fraction compared to WB, but no significant differences were reported. MPV was statistically higher in WB than in PRP (p = 0.001). Erythrocytes and leukocytes counts were decreased by 99% and 92%, respectively in the PRP fraction (p < 0.001). Regarding TGF-ß1, a higher concentration was shown in the PRP (p < 0.02). Although the product obtained could not be classified as PRP according to the PRGF®-Endoret® methodology, based on the drastic reduction of RBC and WBC, the PLT concentrate is of high purity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Miguel-Pastor
- Bioregenerative Medicine and Applied Surgery Research Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, Tirant lo Blanc, 7, 46115 Alfara del Patriarca, Valencia, Spain
| | - Katy Satué
- Bioregenerative Medicine and Applied Surgery Research Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, Tirant lo Blanc, 7, 46115 Alfara del Patriarca, Valencia, Spain
| | - Deborah Chicharro
- Bioregenerative Medicine and Applied Surgery Research Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, Tirant lo Blanc, 7, 46115 Alfara del Patriarca, Valencia, Spain
| | - Elena Damiá
- Bioregenerative Medicine and Applied Surgery Research Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, Tirant lo Blanc, 7, 46115 Alfara del Patriarca, Valencia, Spain
| | - Belén Cuervo
- Bioregenerative Medicine and Applied Surgery Research Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, Tirant lo Blanc, 7, 46115 Alfara del Patriarca, Valencia, Spain
| | - Marta Torres-Torrillas
- Bioregenerative Medicine and Applied Surgery Research Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, Tirant lo Blanc, 7, 46115 Alfara del Patriarca, Valencia, Spain
| | - Emma Martins
- Bioregenerative Medicine and Applied Surgery Research Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, Tirant lo Blanc, 7, 46115 Alfara del Patriarca, Valencia, Spain
| | - María Gemma Velasco-Martínez
- Bioregenerative Medicine and Applied Surgery Research Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, Tirant lo Blanc, 7, 46115 Alfara del Patriarca, Valencia, Spain
| | - José M Carrillo
- Bioregenerative Medicine and Applied Surgery Research Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, Tirant lo Blanc, 7, 46115 Alfara del Patriarca, Valencia, Spain; García Cugat Foundation CEU-UCH Chair of Medicine and Regenerative Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, Tirant lo Blanc, 7, 46115 Alfara del Patriarca, Valencia, Spain
| | - Joaquín J Sopena
- Bioregenerative Medicine and Applied Surgery Research Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, Tirant lo Blanc, 7, 46115 Alfara del Patriarca, Valencia, Spain; García Cugat Foundation CEU-UCH Chair of Medicine and Regenerative Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, Tirant lo Blanc, 7, 46115 Alfara del Patriarca, Valencia, Spain.
| | - José J Cerón
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Analysis, University of Murcia, Campus of Excellence Mare Nostrum, University of Murcia, Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Mónica Rubio
- Bioregenerative Medicine and Applied Surgery Research Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, Tirant lo Blanc, 7, 46115 Alfara del Patriarca, Valencia, Spain; García Cugat Foundation CEU-UCH Chair of Medicine and Regenerative Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, Tirant lo Blanc, 7, 46115 Alfara del Patriarca, Valencia, Spain
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Daneste H, Mohammadzadeh Boukani L, Ramezani N, Asadi F, Zaidan HK, Sadeghzade A, Ehsannia M, Azarashk A, Gholizadeh N. Combination therapy along with mesenchymal stem cells in wound healing; the state of the art. Adv Med Sci 2023; 68:441-449. [PMID: 37924749 DOI: 10.1016/j.advms.2023.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are being increasingly used in various therapeutic applications including skin tissue repair and wound healing. The positive effects of the MSCs therapy are largely elicited by immunomodulation, increasing angiogenesis, supporting extracellular matrix (ECM) and thus favoring skin structure. However, the therapeutic competences of MSC-based therapies are somewhat hindered by their apparent modest clinical merits, conferring the need for methods that would rise the efficacy of such therapies. A plethora of reports have shown that therapeutic properties of MSCs could be enhanced with other strategies and compounds like biomaterial and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) to target key possessions of MSCs and properties of adjacent tissues concurrently. Manipulation of cellular stress-response mechanisms to improve cell resistance to oxidative stress prior to or during MSC injection could also improve therapeutic efficacy of MSCs. In the current review, we shed light on the recent advances in MSCs combination therapy with other ingredients and procedures to sustain MSCs-mediated effects in wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Daneste
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Narges Ramezani
- Department of Biology, Damghan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Damghan, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Asadi
- Department of Genetics, Izeh Branch, Islamic Azad University, Izeh, Iran
| | - Haider Kamil Zaidan
- Department of Medical Laboratories Techniques, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Hillah, Babylon, Iraq
| | - Azita Sadeghzade
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Maedeh Ehsannia
- Faculty of Basic Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran East Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Azarashk
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
| | - Nasim Gholizadeh
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
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Iacopetti I, Perazzi A, Patruno M, Contiero B, Carolo A, Martinello T, Melotti L. Assessment of the quality of the healing process in experimentally induced skin lesions treated with autologous platelet concentrate associated or unassociated with allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells: preliminary results in a large animal model. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1219833. [PMID: 37559892 PMCID: PMC10407250 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1219833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Regenerative medicine for the treatment of skin lesions is an innovative and rapidly developing field that aims to promote wound healing and restore the skin to its original condition before injury. Over the years, different topical treatments have been evaluated to improve skin wound healing and, among them, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) have shown promising results for this purpose. This study sought to evaluate the quality of the healing process in experimentally induced full-thickness skin lesions treated with PRP associated or unassociated with MSCs in a sheep second intention wound healing model. After having surgically created full-thickness wounds on the back of three sheep, the wound healing process was assessed by performing clinical evaluations, histopathological examinations, and molecular analysis. Treated wounds showed a reduction of inflammation and contraction along with an increased re-epithelialization rate and better maturation of the granulation tissue compared to untreated lesions. In particular, the combined treatment regulated the expression of collagen types I and III resulting in a proper resolution of the granulation tissue contrary to what was observed in untreated wounds; moreover, it led to a better maturation and organization of skin adnexa and collagen fibers in the repaired skin compared to untreated and PRP-treated wounds. Overall, both treatments improved the wound healing process compared to untreated wounds. Wounds treated with PRP and MSCs showed a healing progression that qualitatively resembles a restitutio ad integrum of the repaired skin, showing features typical of a mature healthy dermis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Iacopetti
- Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health, University of Padua, Padova, Italy
| | - Anna Perazzi
- Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health, University of Padua, Padova, Italy
| | - Marco Patruno
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Padova, Italy
| | - Barbara Contiero
- Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health, University of Padua, Padova, Italy
| | - Anna Carolo
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Luca Melotti
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Padova, Italy
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Herrera D, Lodoso-Torrecilla I, Ginebra MP, Rappe K, Franch J. Osteogenic differentiation of adipose-derived canine mesenchymal stem cells seeded in porous calcium-phosphate scaffolds. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1149413. [PMID: 37332740 PMCID: PMC10272761 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1149413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Engineered bone graft substitutes are a promising alternative and supplement to autologous bone grafts as treatments for bone healing impairment. Advances in human medicine extend an invitation to pursue these biomimetic strategies in animal patients, substantiated by the theory that specialized scaffolds, multipotent cells, and biological cues may be combined into a bioactive implant intended for the enhancement of tissue regeneration. Methods This proof-of-concept study was designed to evaluate and validate the feasibility of beta-tricalcium phosphate foam scaffolds seeded with canine mesenchymal stem cells derived from adipose tissue. Cell-inoculated samples and sham controls were cultured statically for 72 hours in complete growth medium to evaluate seeding capacity, while a subset of loaded scaffolds was further induced with osteogenic culture medium for 21 days. Produced implants were characterized and validated with a combination of immunofluorescence and reflection confocal microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and polymerase chain reaction to confirm osteogenic differentiation in tridimensional-induced samples. Results After 72 hours of culture, all inoculated scaffolds presented widespread yet heterogeneous surface seeding, distinctively congregating stem cells around pore openings. Furthermore, at 21 days of osteogenic culture conditions, robust osteoblastic differentiation of the seeded cells was confirmed by the change of cell morphology and evident deposition of extra-cellular matrix, accompanied by mineralization and scaffold remodeling; furthermore, all induced cell-loaded implants lost specific stemness immunophenotype expression and simultaneously upregulated genomic expression of osteogenic genes Osterix and Ostecalcin. Conclusions β-TCP bio-ceramic foam scaffolds proved to be suitable carriers and hosts of canine adipose-derived MSCs, promoting not only surface attachment and proliferation, but also demonstrating strong in-vitro osteogenic potential. Although this research provides satisfactory in-vitro validation for the conceptualization and feasibility of a canine bio-active bone implant, further testing such as patient safety, large-scale reproducibility, and quality assessment are needed for regulatory compliance in future commercial clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Herrera
- Bone Regeneration Research Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Veterinary Faculty, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Irene Lodoso-Torrecilla
- Biomaterials, Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria-Pau Ginebra
- Biomaterials, Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Katrin Rappe
- Bone Regeneration Research Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Veterinary Faculty, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Jordi Franch
- Bone Regeneration Research Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Veterinary Faculty, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
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Petrova V, Vachkova E. Outlook of Adipose-Derived Stem Cells: Challenges to Their Clinical Application in Horses. Vet Sci 2023; 10:vetsci10050348. [PMID: 37235430 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci10050348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue is recognized as the major endocrine organ, potentially acting as a source of mesenchymal stem cells for various applications in regenerative medicine. Athletic horses are often exposed to traumatic injuries, resulting in severe financial losses. The development of adipose-derived stem cells' regenerative potential depends on many factors. The extraction of stem cells from subcutaneous adipose tissue is non-invasive, non-traumatic, cheaper, and safer than other sources. Since there is a lack of unique standards for identification, the isolated cells and applied differentiation protocols are often not species-specific; therefore, the cells cannot reveal their multipotent properties, so their stemness features remain questionable. The current review discusses some aspects of the specificity of equine adipose stem cells concerning their features, immunophenotyping, secretome profile, differentiation abilities, culturing conditions, and consequent possibilities for clinical application in concrete disorders. The presented new approaches elucidate the possibility of the transition from cell-based to cell-free therapy with regenerative purposes in horses as an alternative treatment to cellular therapy. In conclusion, their clinical benefits should not be underestimated due to the higher yield and the physiological properties of adipose-derived stem cells that facilitate the healing and tissue regeneration process and the ability to amplify the effects of traditional treatments. More profound studies are necessary to apply these innovative approaches when treating traumatic disorders in racing horses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Petrova
- Department of Pharmacology, Animal Physiology and Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - Ekaterina Vachkova
- Department of Pharmacology, Animal Physiology and Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
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Miguel-Pastor L, Satué K, Chicharro D, Peláez P, Torres-Torrillas M, Carrillo JM, Cerón JJ, Sopena JJ, Rubio M. Evaluation of Platelet-Rich Plasma by means of PRGF ®-Endoret ® protocol in leukemia cats: PDGF-BB and TGF-ß1 valuation. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1110055. [PMID: 36777664 PMCID: PMC9909748 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1110055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Feline leukemia virus (FeLV) is a chronic disease that leads to the weakening of a cat's immune system. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) offers therapeutic effects for multiple diseases, the use of PRP and growth factors (GFs) determination could be an alternative treatment to improve the quality of life in these patients. The objectives of this study were to determine and compare the concentration of platelets (PLTs), red blood cells (RBCs) and white blood cells (WBCs) between samples of whole blood (WB), PRP and platelet-poor plasma (PPP) fractions, and to evaluate the concentration of platelet-derived growth factor BB (PDGF-BB) and transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) in both fractions in FeLV cats using a PRGF®-Endoret® protocol previously standardized in this species. Methods WB was collected from 11 asymptomatic FeLV-positive cats. PRP and PPP was obtained following PRGF®-Endoret® technology according to centrifugation at 265 g for 10 min. Cellular components, RBCs, WBCs, PLTs, and the PDGF-BB and TGF-β1 concentrations in PRP and PPP fractions were determined. Results PLT in the PRP fraction was statistically higher than WB and PPP fraction, with no statistical differences between WB and PPP. PLT concentration increased 1.4 times in PRP fraction compared to WB. Mean platelet volume (MPV) did not differ significantly between the WB, PRP, and PPP fractions. Compared to WB, the absolute numbers of RBCs and WBCs were decreased by 99% and more than 95% in the PRP and PPP fractions, respectively. TGF-ß1 concentrations increased in PRP vs. PPP, with no changes in PDGF-BB. Discussion Based on the degree of PLT enrichment and the absence of RBCs and WBCs, this blood product could be classified as a Pure Platelet-Rich Plasma (P-PRP). The presence of GFs in PRP and PPP samples suggests that the PRGF®-Endoret® methodology is suitable for obtaining PRP in FeLV cats, despite future studies are necessary to optimize the technique, standardize the results and assess clinical efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Miguel-Pastor
- Bioregenerative Medicine and Applied Surgery Research Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, Valencia, Spain
| | - Katy Satué
- Bioregenerative Medicine and Applied Surgery Research Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, Valencia, Spain
| | - Deborah Chicharro
- Bioregenerative Medicine and Applied Surgery Research Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, Valencia, Spain
| | - Pau Peláez
- Bioregenerative Medicine and Applied Surgery Research Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, Valencia, Spain
| | - Marta Torres-Torrillas
- Bioregenerative Medicine and Applied Surgery Research Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, Valencia, Spain
| | - José M. Carrillo
- Bioregenerative Medicine and Applied Surgery Research Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, Valencia, Spain,García Cugat Foundation CEU-UCH Chair of Medicine and Regenerative Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, Valencia, Spain
| | - José J. Cerón
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Analysis, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Joaquín J. Sopena
- Bioregenerative Medicine and Applied Surgery Research Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, Valencia, Spain,García Cugat Foundation CEU-UCH Chair of Medicine and Regenerative Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, Valencia, Spain,*Correspondence: Joaquín J. Sopena ✉
| | - Mónica Rubio
- Bioregenerative Medicine and Applied Surgery Research Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, Valencia, Spain,García Cugat Foundation CEU-UCH Chair of Medicine and Regenerative Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, Valencia, Spain
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Saeed S, Martins-Green M. Animal models for the study of acute cutaneous wound healing. Wound Repair Regen 2023; 31:6-16. [PMID: 36153666 DOI: 10.1111/wrr.13051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The process of wound healing is critical to maintaining homeostasis after injury. Although a considerable amount has been learned about this complex process, much remains unknown. Whereas, studies with human volunteers are ideal given the unique nature of the human skin anatomy and immune system, the lack of such clinical access has made animal models prime candidates for use in preclinical studies. This review aims to discuss the strengths and limitations of the commonly used mammalian species in wound healing studies: murine, rabbit and porcine. Thereafter, a survey of models of various acute wounds such as cutaneous, ear, and implant are presented and representative studies that use them are described. This review is intended to acquaint readers with the vast spectrum of models available, each of which has a distinct utility. At the same time, it highlights the importance of utilising clinical samples to complement investigations conducted in animal models. Through this strategy, it is hoped that forthcoming research may be more reflective of the acute wound healing process as it occurs in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shayan Saeed
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Systems Biology, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California, USA
| | - Manuela Martins-Green
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Systems Biology, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California, USA
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Guiding stem cells for cutaneous repair. CURRENT RESEARCH IN PHARMACOLOGY AND DRUG DISCOVERY 2022; 4:100145. [PMID: 36544814 PMCID: PMC9761596 DOI: 10.1016/j.crphar.2022.100145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The significance of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for tissue repair and regeneration is widely recognized. The pleiotropic nature of MSCs is demonstrated by their potential for proliferation and differentiation, and paracrine secretions, thereby making them ideal candidates for cell replacement therapy. Tissue resident MSCs are engaged in homeostasis under normal wear and tear. However, stem cell therapy may be applicable if damage cannot be repaired by normal homeostatic mechanisms. The safety of MSCs has been clearly established in clinical trials but their efficacy remains questionable. The efficacy of MSCs depends on several factors, such as their viability, functional status in terms of secretome secretions, and the in-vivo scenario after transplantation. The performance of MSCs is regulated by their micro-environmental conditions and cues. The so-called MSC niche comprises physical, chemical, and biological components, which play key roles in determining the fate of MSCs. MSCs scaled up for transplantation purposes comprise a disorganized mass of cells, which needs to be directed to perform the required function. Thus, MSCs need to be directed toward an expected target activity in human patients. This review focuses on the various methods that can be used to guide stem cells for cutaneous repair.
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Angelou V, Psalla D, Dovas CI, Kazakos GM, Marouda C, Chatzimisios K, Kyrana Z, Moutou E, Karayannopoulou M, Papazoglou LG. Locally Injected Autologous Platelet-Rich Plasma Improves Cutaneous Wound Healing in Cats. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12151993. [PMID: 35953982 PMCID: PMC9367528 DOI: 10.3390/ani12151993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous defects in cats are commonly encountered in clinical practice, and healing can be accomplished by first or second intention. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is characterized by a plasma concentration containing a large number of platelets in a small volume of plasma. The objective of the present study was to record the efficacy of PRP infiltration in open wounds in laboratory cats. Six wounds were created in the dorsal midline of eight laboratory cats, with the wounds of one side designated as the PRP group and the wounds of the other side as the control group. Wound healing was evaluated by daily clinical examination, planimetry, laser Doppler flowmetry, and histologic examination on days 0, 7, 14, and 25, and by measurement of metalloproteinases (MMPs)-2 and -9 and tissue inhibitor metalloproteinase (TIMP)-1 on days 0, 14, and 25. Based on the results of the present study, the mean time for full coverage with granulation tissue was shorter in the PRP group, the mean contraction and total wound healing percentage were increased compared to the control group, and finally, the perfusion measured with laser Doppler flowmetry was higher in the PRP group during all examination days. In conclusion, this is the first study focusing on the topical application of PRP in the treatment of open wounds in laboratory cats, and our results are encouraging—showing a more rapid healing in the PRP group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasileia Angelou
- Unit of Surgery and Obstetrics, Companion Animal Clinic, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54627 Thessaloniki, Greece
- Correspondence: ; Tel.:+231-0994408
| | - Dimitra Psalla
- Laboratory of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Chrysostomos I. Dovas
- Diagnostic Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 11 S. Voutyra Str., 54627 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - George M. Kazakos
- Unit of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Companion Animal Clinic, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54627 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Christina Marouda
- Laboratory of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Kyriakos Chatzimisios
- Unit of Surgery and Obstetrics, Companion Animal Clinic, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54627 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Zacharenia Kyrana
- Laboratory of Agronomy, School of Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Forestry and Natural Environment, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Evangelia Moutou
- Diagnostic Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 11 S. Voutyra Str., 54627 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Maria Karayannopoulou
- Unit of Surgery and Obstetrics, Companion Animal Clinic, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54627 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Lysimachos G. Papazoglou
- Unit of Surgery and Obstetrics, Companion Animal Clinic, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54627 Thessaloniki, Greece
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12
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Biazar E, Heidari Keshel S, Rezaei Tavirani M, Kamalvand M. Healing effect of acellular fish skin with plasma rich in growth factor on full-thickness skin defects. Int Wound J 2022; 19:2154-2162. [PMID: 35441469 DOI: 10.1111/iwj.13821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Acellular skin as a scaffold has a good potential to regenerate or repair damaged tissues. Growth factors such as Plasma Rich in Growth Factor (PRGF) as a rich source of active proteins can accelerate tissue regeneration. In this study, an acellular scaffold derived from fish skin with growth factors was used to repair full-thickness skin defects in a rat model. Cellular results demonstrated that epithelial cells adhere well to acellular scaffolds. The results of animal studies showed that the groups treated with acellular scaffold and growth factor have a high ability to close and heal wounds on the 28th day after surgery. Histological and staining results showed that in the treated groups with scaffold and growth factor, an epidermal layer was formed with some skin appendages similar to normal skin. Overall, such scaffolds with biological agents can cause an acceptable synergistic effect on skin regeneration and wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esmaeil Biazar
- Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tonekabon Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tonekabon, Iran
| | - Saeed Heidari Keshel
- Medical Nanotechnology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Science, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mahshad Kamalvand
- Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tonekabon Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tonekabon, Iran
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13
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Miguel-Pastor L, Satué K, Chicharro D, Torres-Torrillas M, del Romero A, Peláez P, Carrillo JM, Cuervo B, Sopena JJ, Cerón JJ, Rubio M. Evaluation of a Standardized Protocol for Plasma Rich in Growth Factors Obtention in Cats: A Prospective Study. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:866547. [PMID: 35498746 PMCID: PMC9047018 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.866547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is an autologous plasma with platelet (PLT) concentration above that of whole blood (WB). PLTs contain growth factors (GFs) that promote tissular repair. Objectives To determine and compare the concentrations of PLT, red blood cells (RBC) and white blood cells (WBC) between WB samples, PRP and platelet poor plasma (PPP) samples; and to analyze the concentrations of platelet-derived growth factor BB (PDGF-BB) and transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) in the PRP and PPP of healthy adult cats using a standardized protocol with PRGF®-Endoret® characteristics. Material and Methods WB was collected from 30 cats. PRP was obtained following three centrifugation protocols using PRGF®-Endoret® technology: 255, 260, and 265 g for 10 min each. The cellular components, RBC, WBC, PLT, and the concentrations of PDGF-BB and TGF-β1 in the PRP and PPP fractions were determined for each protocol. Results PLTs in the PRP fraction were statistically higher than WB, with no statistical differences between PPP and WB. In PRP fraction, PLT concentration was increased 1.4 times on average at 255 g; 1.3 times at 260 g and, 1.5 times at 265 g without statistical differences among them. The mean platelet volume (MPV) was significantly higher in WB compared to PRP and PPP fractions without significant differences between protocols. Compared to WB, the number of RBCs and WBCs was reduced by 99% and by more than 95% in PRP and PPP respectively, without significant differences between protocols. PDGF-BB concentrations were statistically higher in PRP than in PPP fractions, however, TGF-ß1 concentrations did not vary between fractions at 260 g. Comparing the three protocols within PRP and PPP fractions, no differences in PDGF-BB and TGF-ß1 concentrations were observed. Clinical Relevance The study shows scientific evidence regarding the obtention of PRP in cats using the PRGF®-Endoret® technology for the quantification of PDGF-BB and TGF-ß1. At 265 g for 10 min, PLT concentration was increased 1.5 times with unnoticeable erythrocytes and leukocytes in the samples. These results clearly show that the PRGF®-Endoret® methodology is suitable to obtain PRP in cats. Further studies are needed to determine the clinical efficacy of the obtained PGRF in the treatment of different pathologies in cats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Miguel-Pastor
- Bioregenerative Medicine and Applied Surgery Research Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, Valencia, Spain
| | - Katy Satué
- Bioregenerative Medicine and Applied Surgery Research Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, Valencia, Spain
| | - Deborah Chicharro
- Bioregenerative Medicine and Applied Surgery Research Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, Valencia, Spain
| | - Marta Torres-Torrillas
- Bioregenerative Medicine and Applied Surgery Research Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, Valencia, Spain
| | - Ayla del Romero
- Bioregenerative Medicine and Applied Surgery Research Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, Valencia, Spain
| | - Pau Peláez
- Bioregenerative Medicine and Applied Surgery Research Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, Valencia, Spain
| | - José M. Carrillo
- Bioregenerative Medicine and Applied Surgery Research Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, Valencia, Spain
- García Cugat Foundation CEU-UCH Chair of Medicine and Regenerative Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, Valencia, Spain
| | - Belén Cuervo
- Bioregenerative Medicine and Applied Surgery Research Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, Valencia, Spain
| | - Joaquín J. Sopena
- Bioregenerative Medicine and Applied Surgery Research Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, Valencia, Spain
- García Cugat Foundation CEU-UCH Chair of Medicine and Regenerative Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, Valencia, Spain
- *Correspondence: Joaquín J. Sopena
| | - José J. Cerón
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Analysis, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Mónica Rubio
- Bioregenerative Medicine and Applied Surgery Research Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, Valencia, Spain
- García Cugat Foundation CEU-UCH Chair of Medicine and Regenerative Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, Valencia, Spain
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Melotti L, Carolo A, Elshazly N, Boesso F, Da Dalt L, Gabai G, Perazzi A, Iacopetti I, Patruno M. Case Report: Repeated Intralesional Injections of Autologous Mesenchymal Stem Cells Combined With Platelet-Rich Plasma for Superficial Digital Flexor Tendon Healing in a Show Jumping Horse. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:843131. [PMID: 35252428 PMCID: PMC8894652 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.843131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present case report a show jumping 10-year-old Sella Italiano gelding, presented with severe lameness, swelling and pain at palpation of the mid-metacarpal region of the left forelimb. Clinical and ultrasound examination diagnosed a chronic tendonitis of the central region of the superficial digital flexor tendon (SDFT). The lesion was a reoccurrence since it developed from a previously healed injury. The horse had to stop competing and was unresponsive to gold-standard treatments as Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and conservative management after 6 months of therapy. The animal was subjected to repeated intralesional injections of autologous adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AD-MSCs) combined with autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP). The combined treatment was administered twice in a 1-month interval. The healing process was assessed through clinical examination, ultrasound imaging and quantification of oxidative stress products and inflammatory mediators in blood plasma. After 2 weeks from first injection, a reduction of concentration of oxidative-derived products was observed, together with an increase of anti-inflammatory cytokines and pro-mitotic growth factors. These results were reflected clinically as the horse showed a reduction of lameness along with swelling and pain after 4 weeks. At the 1-year follow-up, the horse showed no signs of lameness and swelling. The ultrasonographic examination highlighted a compact fiber alignment with a normal echogenic tendon as observed in the sound contralateral limb. Moreover, the horse went back to the previous level of competition. Our results suggest the positive effects of a repeated intralesional injection of AD-MSCs and PRP for the treatment of a chronic tendonitis with long-term effects and an improvement for both equine quality of life and athletic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Melotti
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua–Agripolis Campus, Legnaro, Italy
| | - Anna Carolo
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua–Agripolis Campus, Legnaro, Italy
| | - Noha Elshazly
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua–Agripolis Campus, Legnaro, Italy
- Tissue Engineering Laboratories, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | | | - Laura Da Dalt
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua–Agripolis Campus, Legnaro, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Gabai
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua–Agripolis Campus, Legnaro, Italy
| | - Anna Perazzi
- Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health, University of Padua–Agripolis Campus, Legnaro, Italy
| | - Ilaria Iacopetti
- Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health, University of Padua–Agripolis Campus, Legnaro, Italy
| | - Marco Patruno
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua–Agripolis Campus, Legnaro, Italy
- *Correspondence: Marco Patruno
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Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Secretome and Its Potential Application in "Stem Cell-Free Therapy". Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11060878. [PMID: 34199330 PMCID: PMC8231996 DOI: 10.3390/biom11060878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) secrete many cytokines, proteins, growth factors, and extracellular vesicles with beneficial outcomes that can be used in regenerative medicine. It has great potential, and the development of new treatment strategies using the ASCs secretome is of global interest. Besides cytokines, proteins, and growth factors, the therapeutic effect of secretome is hidden in non-coding RNAs such as miR-21, miR-24, and miR-26 carried via exosomes secreted by adequate cells. The whole secretome, including ASC-derived exosomes (ASC-exos) has been proven in many studies to have immunomodulatory, proangiogenic, neurotrophic, and epithelization activity and can potentially be used for neurodegenerative, cardiovascular, respiratory, inflammatory, and autoimmune diseases as well as wound healing treatment. Due to limitations in the use of stem cells in cell-based therapy, its secretome with emphasis on exosomes seems to be a reasonable and safer alternative with increased effectiveness and fewer side effects. Moreover, the great advantage of cell-free therapy is the possibility of biobanking the ASCs secretome. In this review, we focus on the current state of knowledge on the use of the ASCs secretome in stem cell-free therapy.
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16
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Cao G, Chen B, Zhang X, Chen H. Human Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells-Derived Exosomal microRNA-19b Promotes the Healing of Skin Wounds Through Modulation of the CCL1/TGF-β Signaling Axis. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 2020; 13:957-971. [PMID: 33364805 PMCID: PMC7751444 DOI: 10.2147/ccid.s274370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) with their secretory factors are able to induce collagen synthesis and fibroblast migration in the wound healing process. This study is launched to figure out the effect of human ADMSCs-derived exosomes on skin wound healing. Methods ADMSCs were extracted and ADMSCs-derived exosomes were identified. Skin damage models were established by treating HaCaT cells and human skin fibroblasts with H2O2. Next, the roles of ADMSCs and their derived exosomes were investigated. The exosomal miRNA then was analyzed, and the function of miRNA on the H2O2-induced cells was studied by miRNA suppression. Bioinformatics analysis, luciferase activity and RIP assays were implemented to find the target genes ofthe miRNA and the modulated pathways. A mouse skin damage model was induced to elucidate the effects of exosomes in vivo by injecting exosomes. Results H2O2 treatment significantly reduced the viability of HaCaT cells and increased their apoptosis rate. Co-culture with ADMSCs or their derived exosomes could improve the cell damage caused by H2O2. Meanwhile, H2O2 treatment promoted the internalization of exosomes. ADMSCs and their derived exosomes significantly increased miR-19b expression in the recipient cells, while inhibiting miR-19b resulted in a reduction in the therapeutic effect of ADMSCs-derived exosomes. Besides, miR-19b regulated the TGF-β pathway by targeting CCL1. The therapeutic effect of exosomes was further confirmed by a mouse model of skin damage. Conclusion Our study indicates that exosomal miR-19b derived from ADMSCs regulates the TGF-β pathway by targeting CCL1, thereby promoting the healing of skin wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoxiu Cao
- Department of Dermatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Zunyi), Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, People's Republic of China
| | - Bei Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third People's Hospital of Zunyi, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xian Zhang
- Department of Project, MDL Biotech. Co.Ltd, Beijing 100080, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongyun Chen
- Department of Dermatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Zunyi), Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, People's Republic of China
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17
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Moreno-Manzano V, Zaytseva-Zotova D, López-Mocholí E, Briz-Redón Á, Løkensgard Strand B, Serrano-Aroca Á. Injectable Gel Form of a Decellularized Bladder Induces Adipose-Derived Stem Cell Differentiation into Smooth Muscle Cells In Vitro. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E8608. [PMID: 33203120 PMCID: PMC7696281 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Biologic scaffolds composed of extracellular matrix components have been proposed to repair and reconstruct a variety of tissues in clinical and pre-clinical studies. Injectable gels can fill and conform any three-dimensional shape and can be delivered to sites of interest by minimally invasive techniques. In this study, a biological gel was produced from a decellularized porcine urinary bladder by enzymatic digestion with pepsin. The enzymatic digestion was confirmed by visual inspection after dissolution in phosphate-buffered saline solution and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. The rheological and biological properties of the gel were characterized and compared to those of the MatrigelTM chosen as a reference material. The storage modulus G' reached 19.4 ± 3.7 Pa for the 30 mg/mL digested decellularized bladder gels after ca. 3 h at 37 °C. The results show that the gel formed of the porcine urinary bladder favored the spontaneous differentiation of human and rabbit adipose-derived stem cells in vitro into smooth muscle cells to the detriment of cell proliferation. The results support the potential of the developed injectable gel for tissue engineering applications to reconstruct for instance the detrusor muscle part of the human urinary bladder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Moreno-Manzano
- Neuronal and Tissue Regeneration Lab, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, c/Eduardo Primo Yúfera, 3, 46012 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Daria Zaytseva-Zotova
- NOBIPOL, Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, NTNU Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Sem Sælands vei 6-8, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway; (D.Z.-Z.); (B.L.S.)
| | - Eric López-Mocholí
- Neuronal and Tissue Regeneration Lab, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, c/Eduardo Primo Yúfera, 3, 46012 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Álvaro Briz-Redón
- Statistics Office, City Council of Valencia, Plaza Ayuntamiento 1, 46002 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Berit Løkensgard Strand
- NOBIPOL, Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, NTNU Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Sem Sælands vei 6-8, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway; (D.Z.-Z.); (B.L.S.)
| | - Ángel Serrano-Aroca
- Biomaterials and Bioengineering Lab, Centro de Investigación Traslacional San Alberto Magno, Universidad Católica de Valencia San Vicente Mártir, c/Guillem de Castro 94, 46001 Valencia, Spain
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18
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Mallis P, Alevrogianni V, Sarri P, Velentzas AD, Stavropoulos-Giokas C, Michalopoulos E. Effect of Cord Blood Platelet Gel on wound healing capacity of human Mesenchymal Stromal Cells. Transfus Apher Sci 2020; 59:102734. [PMID: 32005441 DOI: 10.1016/j.transci.2020.102734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Wound healing is a dynamic process, involving the recruitment of growth factors, cytokines, chemokines and cellular populations. Recently, the Cord Blood Platelet Gel (CBPG) has been applied successfully in wound closure and tissue regeneration. Moreover, its proper combination with stem cell populations such as Mesenchymal Stromal Cells (MSCs) may positively improve the wound healing process. Based on the above data, this study aimed to the evaluation of wound healing capacity of MSCs combined with CBPG under in vitro conditions. METHODS Initially, CBPG was developed from Cord Blood Units (CBUs). The determination of wound healing ability of MSCs was performed using the scratch wound assay. In addition, the morphological features, immunophenotypical characteristics and differentiation capacity of MSCs were evaluated. RESULTS Scratch wound assay results showed, that CBPG could positively stimulate the MSCs migration. Moreover, MSCs cultured in presence of CBPG were characterized by elongated shape and improved stemness properties as it was indicated by flow cytometric analysis and differentiation process. CONCLUSION These results clearly showed the beneficial effect of CBPG in combination with MSCs in wound healing. The proper combination of CBPG with stem cells strategy may enhance the healing process in patients with skin erosions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiotis Mallis
- Hellenic Cord Blood Bank, Biomedical Research Foundation Academy of Athens, Greece.
| | - Vivian Alevrogianni
- Hellenic Cord Blood Bank, Biomedical Research Foundation Academy of Athens, Greece
| | - Phaedra Sarri
- Hellenic Cord Blood Bank, Biomedical Research Foundation Academy of Athens, Greece
| | - Athanassios D Velentzas
- Department of Biology, Section of Cell Biology and Biophysics, School of Science, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
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19
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Kallmeyer K, André-Lévigne D, Baquié M, Krause KH, Pepper MS, Pittet-Cuénod B, Modarressi A. Fate of systemically and locally administered adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cells and their effect on wound healing. Stem Cells Transl Med 2019; 9:131-144. [PMID: 31613054 PMCID: PMC6954716 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.19-0091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
There is increasing interest in the use of adipose‐derived mesenchymal stromal cells (ASCs) for wound repair. As the fate of administered cells is still poorly defined, we aimed to establish the location, survival, and effect of ASCs when administered either systemically or locally during wound repair under physiological conditions. To determine the behavior of ASCs, a rat model with wounds on the dorsal aspect of the hind paws was used and two treatment modes were assessed: ASCs administered systemically into the tail vein or locally around the wound. ASCs were transduced to express both firefly luciferase (Fluc) and green fluorescent protein to enable tracking by bioluminescence imaging and immunohistological analysis. Systemically administered ASCs were detected in the lungs 3 hours after injection with a decrease in luminescent signal at 48 hours and signal disappearance from 72 hours. No ASCs were detected in the wound. Locally administered ASCs remained strongly detectable for 7 days at the injection site and became distributed within the wound bed as early as 24 hours post injection with a significant increase observed at 72 hours. Systemically administered ASCs were filtered out in the lungs, whereas ASCs administered locally remained and survived not only at the injection site but were also detected within the wound bed. Both treatments led to enhanced wound closure. It appears that systemically administered ASCs have the potential to enhance wound repair distally from their site of entrapment in the lungs whereas locally administered ASCs enhanced wound repair as they became redistributed within the wound bed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karlien Kallmeyer
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery, University Hospitals of Geneva, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Institute for Cellular and Molecular Medicine (ICMM), Department of Immunology, and SAMRC Extramural Unit for Stem Cell Research and Therapy, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Dominik André-Lévigne
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery, University Hospitals of Geneva, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - Karl-Heinz Krause
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Michael S Pepper
- Institute for Cellular and Molecular Medicine (ICMM), Department of Immunology, and SAMRC Extramural Unit for Stem Cell Research and Therapy, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa.,Department of Human Genetics and Development, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Brigitte Pittet-Cuénod
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery, University Hospitals of Geneva, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Ali Modarressi
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery, University Hospitals of Geneva, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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20
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Maguire G. The Safe and Efficacious Use of Secretome From Fibroblasts and Adipose-derived (but not Bone Marrow-derived) Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Skin Therapeutics. THE JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND AESTHETIC DERMATOLOGY 2019; 12:E57-E69. [PMID: 31531174 PMCID: PMC6715117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Stem cell-based products are rapidly emerging in the marketplace as topical skin care and wound care products. Confusion is prevalent among healthcare providers and end-users about these products. Adipose-derived stem cells, fibroblasts, platelets, and bone marrow-derived stem cells are the most common cells used for stem cell therapeutic development, medical procedures, and skin care products. In this review, the significant advantages of adipose-derived stem cells and fibroblasts in terms of safety and efficacy are highlighted and compared to relatively risky platelets and bone marrow stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Greg Maguire
- Dr. Maguire is with NeoGenesis, Inc. in San Diego, California
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