1
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Jiang H, Meng T, Li Z. Role of circular RNAs in preeclampsia (Review). Exp Ther Med 2024; 28:372. [PMID: 39091629 PMCID: PMC11292168 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2024.12661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Preeclampsia (PE) is a hypertensive disorder of pregnancy characterized by new-onset hypertension and proteinuria after 20 weeks of gestation, which affects 3-8% of pregnant individuals worldwide each year. Prevention, diagnosis and treatment of PE are some of the most important problems faced by obstetrics. There is growing evidence that circular RNAs (circRNAs) are involved in the pathogenesis of PE. The present review summarizes the research progress of circRNAs and then describes the expression patterns of circRNAs in PE and their functional mechanisms affecting PE development. The role of circRNAs as biomarkers for the diagnosis of PE, and the research status of circRNAs in PE are summarized in the hope of finding novel strategies for the prevention and treatment of PE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hengxue Jiang
- Department of Obstetrics, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Tao Meng
- Department of Obstetrics, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Ziwei Li
- Department of Obstetrics, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
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2
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Wen K, Chen X, Gu J, Chen Z, Wang Z. Beyond traditional translation: ncRNA derived peptides as modulators of tumor behaviors. J Biomed Sci 2024; 31:63. [PMID: 38877495 PMCID: PMC11177406 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-024-01047-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Within the intricate tapestry of molecular research, noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) were historically overshadowed by a pervasive presumption of their inability to encode proteins or peptides. However, groundbreaking revelations have challenged this notion, unveiling select ncRNAs that surprisingly encode peptides specifically those nearing a succinct 100 amino acids. At the forefront of this epiphany stand lncRNAs and circRNAs, distinctively characterized by their embedded small open reading frames (sORFs). Increasing evidence has revealed different functions and mechanisms of peptides/proteins encoded by ncRNAs in cancer, including promotion or inhibition of cancer cell proliferation, cellular metabolism (glucose metabolism and lipid metabolism), and promotion or concerted metastasis of cancer cells. The discoveries not only accentuate the depth of ncRNA functionality but also open novel avenues for oncological research and therapeutic innovations. The main difficulties in the study of these ncRNA-derived peptides hinge crucially on precise peptide detection and sORFs identification. Here, we illuminate cutting-edge methodologies, essential instrumentation, and dedicated databases tailored for unearthing sORFs and peptides. In addition, we also conclude the potential of clinical applications in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Wen
- Cancer Medical Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210011, P.R. China
| | - Xin Chen
- Cancer Medical Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210011, P.R. China
| | - Jingyao Gu
- Cancer Medical Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210011, P.R. China
| | - Zhenyao Chen
- Department of Respiratory Endoscopy, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200030, P.R. China.
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Zhaoxia Wang
- Cancer Medical Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210011, P.R. China.
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3
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He T, Chen Q, Yuan Z, Yang Y, Cao K, Luo J, Dong G, Peng X, Yang Z. Effects of maternal high-fat diet on fetal growth, placental nutrient transporters and circular RNA expression profiles. Food Funct 2023; 14:9391-9406. [PMID: 37791601 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo02202a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological and experimental studies suggest that there is a strong correlation between maternal high-fat diet and fetal-placental development. The current study aims to investigate the effects of maternal high-fat diet on fetal growth, placental nutrient transporters and circular RNA expression profiles in a mouse model. Forty C57BL/6 female mice were randomly assigned to two groups, fed either a control (10% fat for energy) diet (CON) or a high-fat (60% fat for energy) diet (HFD) for 4 weeks before mating and throughout pregnancy, and were killed on day 19.5 of pregnancy. The serum glucose, total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein, the glucolipid metabolism-related hormones, and the insulin resistance index were significantly increased. High-throughput sequencing showed that differentially expressed circRNAs (DE circRNAs) in the placenta can regulate various biological processes, cellular components, and molecular functions through various energy metabolism pathways, and mmu-let-7g-5p was found to target and bind to multiple DE circRNAs. In addition, this study also predicted that various circRNAs with protein coding functions can regulate maternal placental nutrient transport. In general, the ceRNA (circRNAs-miRNAs-mRNAs) regulatory network of maternal placental nutrient transport constructed in this study is of great significance for further understanding the effect of maternal nutrition on fetal growth in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianle He
- Laboratory for Bio-feed and Molecular Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Qingyun Chen
- Laboratory for Bio-feed and Molecular Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Zhidong Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Yulian Yang
- Laboratory for Bio-feed and Molecular Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Kai Cao
- Laboratory for Bio-feed and Molecular Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Ju Luo
- Laboratory for Bio-feed and Molecular Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Guozhong Dong
- Laboratory for Bio-feed and Molecular Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Xie Peng
- Laboratory for Bio-feed and Molecular Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Zhenguo Yang
- Laboratory for Bio-feed and Molecular Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
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Watts ME, Oksanen M, Lejerkrans S, Mastropasqua F, Gorospe M, Tammimies K. Circular RNAs arising from synaptic host genes during human neuronal differentiation are modulated by SFPQ RNA-binding protein. BMC Biol 2023; 21:127. [PMID: 37237280 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-023-01627-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circular RNA (circRNA) molecules, generated through non-canonical back-splicing of exon-exon junctions, have recently been implicated in diverse biological functions including transcriptional regulation and modulation of protein interactions. CircRNAs are emerging as a key component of the complex neural transcriptome implicated in brain development. However, the specific expression patterns and functions of circRNAs in human neuronal differentiation have not been explored. RESULTS Using total RNA sequencing analysis, we identified expressed circRNAs during the differentiation of human neuroepithelial stem (NES) cells into developing neurons and discovered that many circRNAs originated from host genes associated with synaptic function. Interestingly, when assessing population data, exons giving rise to circRNAs in our dataset had a higher frequency of genetic variants. Additionally, screening for RNA-binding protein sites identified enrichment of Splicing Factor Proline and Glutamine Rich (SFPQ) motifs in increased circRNAs, several of which were reduced by SFPQ knockdown and enriched in SFPQ ribonucleoprotein complexes. CONCLUSIONS Our study provides an in-depth characterisation of circRNAs in a human neuronal differentiation model and highlights SFPQ as both a regulator and binding partner of circRNAs elevated during neuronal maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle E Watts
- Center of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (KIND), Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
- Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marika Oksanen
- Center of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (KIND), Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
- Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program, NIH, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Sanna Lejerkrans
- Center of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (KIND), Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
- Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Francesca Mastropasqua
- Center of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (KIND), Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
- Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Myriam Gorospe
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program, NIH, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kristiina Tammimies
- Center of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (KIND), Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden.
- Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden.
- Karolinska Institutet, BioClinicum J9:30, Visionsgatan 4, 171 56, Solna, Sweden.
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5
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Kang J, Dai Y, Li J, Fan H, Zhao Z. Investigating cellular heterogeneity at the single-cell level by the flexible and mobile extrachromosomal circular DNA. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2023; 21:1115-1121. [PMID: 36789262 PMCID: PMC9900259 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2023.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Extrachromosomal circular DNA (eccDNA) is a special class of DNA derived from linear chromosomes. It coexists independently with linear chromosomes in the nucleus. eccDNA has been identified in multiple organisms, including Homo sapiens, and has been shown to play important roles relevant to tumor progression and drug resistance. To date, computational tools developed for eccDNA detection are only applicable to bulk tissue. Investigating eccDNA at the single-cell level using a computational approach will elucidate the heterogeneous and cell-type-specific landscape of eccDNA within cellular context. Here, we performed the first eccDNA analysis at the single-cell level using data generated by single-cell Assay for Transposase-Accessible Chromatin with sequencing (scATAC-seq) in adult and pediatric glioblastoma (GBM) samples. Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is an aggressive tumor of the central nervous system with a poor prognosis. Our analysis provides an overview of cellular origins, genomic distribution, as well as the differential regulations between linear and circular genome under disease- and cell-type-specific conditions across the open chromatin regions in GBM. We focused on some eccDNA elements that are potential mobile enhancers acting in a trans-regulation manner. In summary, this pilot study revealed novel eccDNA features in the cellular context of brain tumor, supporting the strong need for eccDNA investigation at the single-cell level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajinlong Kang
- Center for Precision Health, School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA,MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yulin Dai
- Center for Precision Health, School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jinze Li
- Center for Precision Health, School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA,Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environment Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Huihui Fan
- Center for Precision Health, School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA,Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA,Correspondence to: Center for Precision Health, School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 7000 Fannin St. Suite 600, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Zhongming Zhao
- Center for Precision Health, School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA,MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX 77030, USA,Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environment Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA,Human Genetics Center, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA,Correspondence to: Center for Precision Health, School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 7000 Fannin St. Suite 600, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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6
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Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are closed-loop RNA transcripts formed by a noncanonical back splicing mechanism. circRNAs are expressed in various tissues and cell types in a temporospatially regulated manner and have diverse molecular functions including their ability to act as miRNA sponges, transcriptional and splicing regulators, protein traps, and even templates for polypeptide synthesis. Emerging evidence suggests that circRNAs are themselves dynamically regulated throughout development in various organisms, with a substantial accumulation during ageing. Their regulatory roles in cellular pathways associated with ageing and senescence, as well as their implications in ageing-related diseases, such as neurological disease, cancer, and cardiovascular disease, suggest that circRNAs are key molecular determinants of the ageing process. Their unique structure, expression specificity, and biological functions highlight a potential capacity for use as novel biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment outcomes in a variety of conditions including pathological ageing. CircRNA may also have potential as target for interventions that manipulate ageing and longevity. In this chapter, we discuss the most recent advances in circRNA changes in ageing and ageing-associated disease.
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7
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Giuditta A, Zucconi GG, Sadile A. Brain Metabolic DNA: A Long Story and Some Conclusions. Mol Neurobiol 2022; 60:228-234. [PMID: 36251232 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-03030-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
We have previously outlined the main properties of brain metabolic DNA (BMD) and its involvement in circadian oscillations, learning, and post-trial sleep. The presence of BMD in certain subcellular fractions and their behavior in cesium gradients have suggested that BMD originates from cytoplasmic reverse transcription and subsequently acquires a double-stranded configuration. More recently, it has been reported that some DNA sequences of cytoplasmic BMD in learning mice are different from that of the control animals. Furthermore, BMD is located in vicinity of the genes involved in different modifications of synaptic activity, suggesting that BMD may contribute to the brain's response to the changing environment. The present review outlines recent data with a special emphasis on reverse transcription of BMD that may recapitulate the molecular events at the time of the "RNA world" by activating mitochondrial telomerase and generating RNA templates from mitochondrial transcripts. The latter unexpected role of mitochondria is likely to promote a better understanding of mitochondrial contribution to cellular interactions and eukaryotic evolution. An initial step regards the role of human mitochondria in embryonic BMD synthesis, which is exclusively of maternal origin. In addition, mitochondrial transcripts involved in reverse transcription of BMD might possibly reveal unexpected features elucidating mitochondrial involvement in cancer events and neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Giuditta
- Accademia Di Scienze Fisiche E Matematiche, Via Mezzocannone 8, 80134, Napoli, Italy.
| | | | - Adolfo Sadile
- Dept Experimental Medicine, Medical School, University Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Via S. Andrea delle Dame 7, 80138, Naples, Italy
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Li H, Wei J, Liu X, Zhang P, Lin J. Muse cells: ushering in a new era of stem cell-based therapy for stroke. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:421. [PMID: 35986359 PMCID: PMC9389783 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-03126-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractStem cell-based regenerative therapies have recently become promising and advanced for treating stroke. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have received the most attention for treating stroke because of the outstanding paracrine function of MSCs and the three-germ-layer differentiation ability of iPSCs. However, the unsatisfactory homing ability, differentiation, integration, and survival time in vivo limit the effectiveness of MSCs in regenerative medicine. The inherent tumorigenic property of iPSCs renders complete differentiation necessary before transplantation, which is complicated and expensive and affects the consistency among cell batches. Multilineage differentiating stress-enduring (Muse) cells are natural pluripotent stem cells in the connective tissues of nearly every organ and thus are considered nontumorigenic. A single Muse cell can differentiate into all three-germ-layer, preferentially migrate to damaged sites after transplantation, survive in hostile environments, and spontaneously differentiate into tissue-compatible cells, all of which can compensate for the shortcomings of MSCs and iPSCs. This review summarizes the recent progress in understanding the biological properties of Muse cells and highlights the differences between Muse cells and other types of stem cells. Finally, we summarized the current research progress on the application of Muse cells on stroke and challenges from bench to bedside.
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9
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He Z, Ma Z, Yang D, Chen Q, He Z, Hu J, Deng F, Zhang Q, He J, Ye L, Chen H, He L, Huang X, Luo W, Yang S, Gu X, Zhang M, Yan T. Circular RNA expression profiles and CircSnd1-miR-135b/c-foxl2 axis analysis in gonadal differentiation of protogynous hermaphroditic ricefield eel Monopterus albus. BMC Genomics 2022; 23:552. [PMID: 35922747 PMCID: PMC9347082 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-022-08783-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The expression and biological functions of circular RNAs (circRNAs) in reproductive organs have been extensively reported. However, it is still unclear whether circRNAs are involved in sex change. To this end, RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) was performed in gonads at 5 sexual stages (ovary, early intersexual stage gonad, middle intersexual stage gonad, late intersexual stage gonad, and testis) of ricefield eel, and the expression profiles and potential functions of circRNAs were studied. RESULTS Seven hundred twenty-one circRNAs were identified, and the expression levels of 10 circRNAs were verified by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and found to be in accordance with the RNA-seq data, suggesting that the RNA-seq data were reliable. Then, the sequence length, category, sequence composition and the relationship between the parent genes of the circRNAs were explored. A total of 147 circRNAs were differentially expressed in the sex change process, and GO and KEGG analyses revealed that some differentially expressed (such as novel_circ_0000659, novel_circ_0004005 and novel_circ_0005865) circRNAs were closely involved in sex change. Furthermore, expression pattern analysis demonstrated that both circSnd1 and foxl2 were downregulated in the process of sex change, which was contrary to mal-miR-135b. Finally, dual-luciferase reporter assay and RNA immunoprecipitation showed that circSnd1 and foxl2 can combine with mal-miR-135b and mal-miR-135c. These data revealed that circSnd1 regulates foxl2 expression in the sex change of ricefield eel by acting as a sponge of mal-miR-135b/c. CONCLUSION Our results are the first to demonstrate that circRNAs have potential effects on sex change in ricefield eel; and circSnd1 could regulate foxl2 expression in the sex change of ricefield eel by acting as a sponge of mal-miR-135b/c. These data will be useful for enhancing our understanding of sequential hermaphroditism and sex change in ricefield eel or other teleosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi He
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhijun Ma
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Deying Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Qiqi Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhide He
- Luzhou City Department of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Jiaxiang Hu
- Sichuan Water Conservancy Vocational College, Chengdu, 611231, Sichuan, China
| | - Faqiang Deng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Jiayang He
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Lijuan Ye
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Hongjun Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Liang He
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaoli Huang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Wei Luo
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Shiyong Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaobin Gu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Mingwang Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Taiming Yan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China.
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10
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Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a novel class of noncoding RNAs that widely exist in eukaryotes. As a new focus in the field of molecular regulation, circRNAs have attracted much attention in recent years. Previous studies have confirmed that circRNAs are associated with many physiological and pathological processes. CircRNAs also participate in the regulation of stem cells. Stem cells have the properties of self-renewal and differentiation, which make stem cell therapy popular. CircRNAs may serve as new targets in stem cell therapy due to their regulation in stem cells. However, the underlying relationships between circRNAs and stem cells are still being explored. In this review, we briefly summarize the effects of circRNAs on stem cells, in the context of biological activities, aging and apoptosis, and aberrant changes. Moreover, we also examine the biological roles of stem cell-derived exosomal circRNAs. We believe our review will provide insights into the effects of circRNAs on stem cells.
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11
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Lu HJ, Li J, Yang G, Yi CJ, Zhang D, Yu F, Ma Z. Circular RNAs in stem cells: from basic research to clinical implications. Biosci Rep 2022; 42:BSR20212510. [PMID: 34908111 PMCID: PMC8738868 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20212510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a special class of endogenous RNAs with a wide variety of pathophysiological functions via diverse mechanisms, including transcription, microRNA (miRNA) sponge, protein sponge/decoy, and translation. Stem cells are pluripotent cells with unique properties of self-renewal and differentiation. Dysregulated circRNAs identified in various stem cell types can affect stem cell self-renewal and differentiation potential by manipulating stemness. However, the emerging roles of circRNAs in stem cells remain largely unknown. This review summarizes the major functions and mechanisms of action of circRNAs in stem cell biology and disease progression. We also highlight circRNA-mediated common pathways in diverse stem cell types and discuss their diagnostic significance with respect to stem cell-based therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Juan Lu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei 434023, China
- School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, 1 Nanhuan Road, Jingzhou, Hubei 434023, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei 434023, China
| | - Juan Li
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, Ministry of Education, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Guodong Yang
- Department of Oncology, Huanggang Central Hospital of Yangtze University, Huanggang, Hubei 438000, China
| | - Cun-Jian Yi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei 434023, China
| | - Daping Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei 434023, China
- School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, 1 Nanhuan Road, Jingzhou, Hubei 434023, China
| | - Fenggang Yu
- Institute of Life Science, Yinfeng Biological Group, Jinan 250000, China
| | - Zhaowu Ma
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei 434023, China
- School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, 1 Nanhuan Road, Jingzhou, Hubei 434023, China
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12
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Li G, Li S, Liu R, Yu J, Ma H, Zhao Y. Comprehensive analysis of circRNA expression profiles in rat cerebral cortex after moderate traumatic brain injury. Int J Med Sci 2022; 19:779-788. [PMID: 35582420 PMCID: PMC9108397 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.71769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury is a medical event of global concern, and a growing body of research suggests that circular RNAs can play very important roles in traumatic brain injury. To explore the functions of more novel and valuable circular RNA in traumatic brain injury response, a moderate traumatic brain injury in rats was established and comprehensive analysis of circular RNA expression profiles in rat cerebral cortex was done. As a result, 301 up-regulated and 284 down-regulated circular RNAs were obtained in moderate traumatic brain injury rats, the Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analysis were performed based on the circular RNA's host genes, and a circRNA-miRNA interaction network based on differentially expressed circular RNAs was constructed. Also, four circular RNAs were validated by RT-qPCR and Sanger sequencing. This study showed that differentially expressed circular RNAs existed between rat cerebral cortex after moderate traumatic brain injury and control. And this will provide valuable information for circular RNA research in the field of traumatic brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Li
- Emergency Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.,Department of Biological Repositories, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Shaoping Li
- Emergency Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Ruining Liu
- Emergency Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Jiangtao Yu
- Emergency Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Haoli Ma
- Emergency Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.,Department of Biological Repositories, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Emergency Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
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13
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Peng Peng, Yu H, Yongjin Li, Huang J, Yao S, Xing C, Liu W, Zhang B, Feng S. The emerging role of circular RNAs in spinal cord injury. J Orthop Translat 2021; 30:1-5. [PMID: 34401327 PMCID: PMC8326601 DOI: 10.1016/j.jot.2021.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 05/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is one kind of severe diseases with high mortality and morbidity worldwide, and lacks effective therapeutic interventions currently, which leads to not only permanent neurological impairments but also heavy social and economic burden. Recent studies have proved that circRNAs are highly expressed in neural tissues, regulating the neuronal and synaptic functions. What's more, significantly altered circRNAs expression profiles are closely associated with the pathophysiology of SCI. In this review, we summarize the current advance on the role of circRNAs in SCI, which may provide a better understanding of pathogenesis and therapeutic strategies of SCI. THE TRANSLATIONAL POTENTIAL OF THIS ARTICLE The Translational potential of this article is that A further understanding of circRNAs in the pathogenesis of SCI will promote the circRNA-based clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Peng
- Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, No.154 Anshan Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300052, China
- International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Spinal Cord Injury, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury,Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Hao Yu
- Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, No.154 Anshan Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300052, China
- International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Spinal Cord Injury, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury,Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yongjin Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, No.154 Anshan Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300052, China
- International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Spinal Cord Injury, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury,Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Jingyuan Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, No.154 Anshan Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300052, China
- International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Spinal Cord Injury, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury,Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Shengyu Yao
- Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, No.154 Anshan Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300052, China
- International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Spinal Cord Injury, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury,Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Cong Xing
- Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, No.154 Anshan Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300052, China
- International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Spinal Cord Injury, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury,Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Weixiao Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Kuancheng Manzu Autonomous Country Hospital, Chengde, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, No.154 Anshan Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300052, China
- International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Spinal Cord Injury, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury,Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Shiqing Feng
- Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, No.154 Anshan Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300052, China
- International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Spinal Cord Injury, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury,Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
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Xu K, Zhang Y, Li J. Expression and function of circular RNAs in the mammalian brain. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 78:4189-4200. [PMID: 33558994 PMCID: PMC11071837 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-03780-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Mammalian brain presents extraordinary complexity reflected in the structure, function, and dynamic changes in the biological and physiological processes of development, maturity, and aging. Recent transcriptomic profiles from the brain tissues of distinct species have described a novel class of transcripts with a covalently closed-loop structure, called circular RNAs (circRNAs), which are produced by alternative back-splicing and derived from genes associated with synaptogenesis and neural activities. Brain is a tightly regulated and largely unexplored organ where circRNAs are highly enriched and expressed in the cell type-, spatiotemporal-specific, sex-biased, and age-related manner. Although the biological functions of most of the circRNAs in the brain remain elusive, increased evidence suggests that dynamic changes in circRNA expression are critical for brain function and the maintenance of physiological homeostasis in the brain. Here, we review the latest immense progresses in the understanding of circRNA expression and function in the mammalian brain. We also discuss possibly biological functions of circRNAs in the brain, which may provide new sights of understanding brain development and aging, as well as the pathogenesis of mental diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiyu Xu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Jiali Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China.
- National Institute on Drug Dependence, Peking University, Beijing, China.
- PKU/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking University, Beijing, China.
- National Resource Center for Non-Human Primates, Kunming Primate Research Center, and National Research Facility for Phenotypic and Genetic Analysis of Model Animals (Primate Facility), Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China.
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15
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Lin Z, Tang X, Wan J, Zhang X, Liu C, Liu T. Functions and mechanisms of circular RNAs in regulating stem cell differentiation. RNA Biol 2021; 18:2136-2149. [PMID: 33896374 DOI: 10.1080/15476286.2021.1913551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Stem cells are a class of undifferentiated cells with great self-renewal and differentiation capabilities that can differentiate into mature cells in specific tissue types. Stem cell differentiation plays critical roles in body homoeostasis, injury repair and tissue generation. The important functions of stem cell differentiation have resulted in numerous studies focusing on the complex molecular mechanisms and various signalling pathways controlling stem cell differentiation. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a novel class of noncoding RNAs with a covalently closed structure present in eukaryotes. Numerous studies have highlighted important biological functions of circRNAs, and they play multiple regulatory roles in various physiological and pathological processes. Importantly, multiple lines of evidence have shown the abnormal expression of numerous circRNAs during stem cell differentiation, and some play a role in regulating stem cell differentiation, highlighting the role of circRNAs as novel biomarkers of stem cell differentiation and novel targets for stem cell-based therapy. In this review, we systematically summarize and discuss recent advances in our understanding of the roles and underlying mechanisms of circRNAs in modulating stem cell differentiation, thus providing guidance for future studies to investigate stem cell differentiation and stem cell-based therapy.Abbreviations: CircRNAs: circular RNAs; ESCs: embryonic stem cells; ADSCs: adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells; ecircRNAs: exonic circRNAs; EIciRNAs: exon-intron circRNAs; eiRNAs: circular intronic RNAs; tricRNAs: tRNA intronic circRNAs; pol II: polymerase II; snRNP: small nuclear ribonucleoprotein; m6A: N6-methyladenosine; AGO2: Argonaute 2; RBPs: RNA-binding proteins; MBNL: muscleblind-like protein 1; MSCs: mesenchymal stem cells; hiPSCs: human induced pluripotent stem cells; hiPSC-CMs: hiPSC-derived cardiomyocytes; hBMSCs: human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells; hADSCs: human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells; hDPSCs: human dental pulp stem cells; RNA-seq: high-throughput RNA sequencing; HSCs: haematopoietic stem cells; NSCs: neural stem cells; EpSCs: epidermal stem cells; hESCs: human embryonic stem cells; mESCs: murine embryonic stem cells; MNs: motor neurons; SSUP: small subunit processome; BMSCs: bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells; OGN: osteoglycin; GIOP: glucocorticoid‑induced osteoporosis; CDR1as: cerebellar degeneration-related protein 1 transcript; SONFH: steroid-induced osteogenesis of the femoral head; rBMSCs: rat bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells; QUE: quercetin; AcvR1b: activin A receptor type 1B; BSP: bone sialoprotein; mADSCs: mouse ADSCs; PTBP1: polypyrimidine tract-binding protein; ER: endoplasmic reticulum; hUCMSCs: MSCs derived from human umbilical cord; MSMSCs: maxillary sinus membrane stem cells; SCAPs: stem cells from the apical papilla; MyoD: myogenic differentiation protein 1; MSTN: myostatin; MEF2C: myocyte enhancer factor 2C; BCLAF1: BCL2-associated transcription factor 1; EpSCs: epidermal stem cells; ISCs: intestinal stem cells; NSCs: neural stem cells; Lgr5+ ISCs: crypt base columnar cells; ILCs: innate lymphoid cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengjun Lin
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Xianzhe Tang
- Department of Orthopedics, Chenzhou No.1 People's Hospital, Chenzhou, Hunan, China
| | - Jia Wan
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xianghong Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Chunfeng Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Suzhou Kowloon Hospital Affiliated to School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Suzhou, China
| | - Tang Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Zhang L, Zhang W, Li H, Tang X, Xu S, Wu M, Wan L, Su F, Zhang Y. Five Circular RNAs in Metabolism Pathways Related to Prostate Cancer. Front Genet 2021; 12:636419. [PMID: 33574834 PMCID: PMC7870709 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.636419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common malignant tumor in men, and its incidence increases with age. Serum prostate-specific antigen and tissue biopsy remain the standard for diagnosis of suspected PCa. However, these clinical indicators may lead to aggressive overtreatment in patients who have been treated sufficiently with active surveillance. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been recently recognized as a new type of regulatory RNA that is not easily degraded by RNases and other exonucleases because of their covalent closed cyclic structure. Thus, we utilized high-throughput sequencing data and bioinformatics analysis to identify specifically expressed circRNAs in PCa and filtered out five specific circRNAs for further analysis—hsa_circ_0006410, hsa_circ_0003970, hsa_circ_0006754, hsa_circ_0005848, and a novel circRNA, hsa_circ_AKAP7. We constructed a circRNA-miRNA regulatory network and used miRNA and differentially expressed mRNA interactions to predict the function of the selected circRNAs. Furthermore, survival analysis of their cognate genes and PCR verification of these five circRNAs revealed that they are closely related to well-known PCa pathways such as the MAPK signaling pathway, P53 pathway, androgen receptor signaling pathway, cell cycle, hormone-mediated signaling pathway, and cellular lipid metabolic process. By understanding the related metabolism of circRNAs, these circRNAs could act as metabolic biomarkers, and monitoring their levels could help diagnose PCa. Meanwhile, the exact regulatory mechanism for AR-related regulation in PCa is still unclear. The circRNAs we found can provide new solutions for research in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Zhang
- Clinical Biobank, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hexin Li
- Clinical Biobank, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaokun Tang
- Clinical Biobank, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Siyuan Xu
- Clinical Biobank, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Meng Wu
- Department of Urology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Li Wan
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Su
- Clinical Biobank, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yaqun Zhang
- Department of Urology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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17
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Wu L, Xu H, Zhang W, Chen Z, Li W, Ke W. Circular RNA circCCDC9 alleviates ischaemic stroke ischaemia/reperfusion injury via the Notch pathway. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:14152-14159. [PMID: 33124180 PMCID: PMC7753987 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Revised: 10/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Stroke is a leading cause of death and disability, while its pathophysiological mechanisms are not fully understood. In this study, we used the tMCAO mice model to investigate the role of circCCDC9 in the pathogenesis of stroke. We found that the expression of circCCDC9 was significantly decreased in the brains of tMCAO mice. The Evens blue and brain water content were significantly higher in the Pre-IR and Pre-IR+Vector mice, while these patterns were partially reversed by overexpression of circCCDC9. The nitrite content and eNOS expression were decreased in the Pre-IR and Pre-IR+Vector groups, which was restored by circCCDC9 overexpression. Overexpression of circCCDC9 also inhibited the expression of Caspase-3, Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and the expression of Notch1, NICD and Hes1 in tMCAO mice. Knockdown of circCCDC9 increased the expression of Caspase-3, Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and the expression of Notch1, NICD and Hes1. In summary, overexpression of circCCDC9 protected the blood-brain barrier and inhibited apoptosis by suppressing the Notch1 signalling pathway, while knockdown of circCCDC9 had the opposite effects. Our findings showed that circCCDC9 is a potential novel therapeutic target for cerebrovascular protection in acute ischaemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liquan Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Haitao Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenfei Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhibiao Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenlan Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Ke
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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18
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The emerging roles of circular RNAs in regulating the fate of stem cells. Mol Cell Biochem 2020; 476:231-246. [PMID: 32918186 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-020-03900-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Circular RNAs(circRNAs) are a large family of RNAs shaping covalently closed ring-like molecules and have become a hotspot with thousands of newly published studies. Stem cells are undifferentiated cells and have great potential in medical treatment due to their self-renewal ability and differentiation capacity. Abundant researches have unveiled that circRNAs have unique expression profile during the differentiation of stem cells and could serve as promising biomarkers of these cells. There are key circRNAs relevant to the differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis of stem cells with certain mechanisms such as sponging miRNAs, interacting with proteins, and interfering mRNA translation. Moreover, several circRNAs have joined in the interplay between stem cells and lymphocytes. Our review will shed lights on the emerging roles of circRNAs in regulating the fate of diverse stem cells.
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19
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Di Timoteo G, Rossi F, Bozzoni I. Circular RNAs in cell differentiation and development. Development 2020; 147:147/16/dev182725. [PMID: 32839270 DOI: 10.1242/dev.182725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, circular RNAs (circRNAs) - a novel class of RNA molecules characterized by their covalently closed circular structure - have emerged as a complex family of eukaryotic transcripts with important biological features. Besides their peculiar structure, which makes them particularly stable molecules, they have attracted much interest because their expression is strongly tissue and cell specific. Moreover, many circRNAs are conserved across eukaryotes, localized in particular subcellular compartments, and can play disparate molecular functions. The discovery of circRNAs has therefore added not only another layer of gene expression regulation but also an additional degree of complexity to our understanding of the structure, function and evolution of eukaryotic genomes. In this Review, we summarize current knowledge of circRNAs and discuss the possible functions of circRNAs in cell differentiation and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaia Di Timoteo
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology Charles Darwin, Sapienza, University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Rossi
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology Charles Darwin, Sapienza, University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Irene Bozzoni
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology Charles Darwin, Sapienza, University of Rome, Rome, Italy .,Center for Life Nano Science@Sapienza, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Rome, Italy
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Wang F, Li X, Li Z, Wang S, Fan J. Functions of Circular RNAs in Regulating Adipogenesis of Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Stem Cells Int 2020; 2020:3763069. [PMID: 32802080 PMCID: PMC7416283 DOI: 10.1155/2020/3763069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are known as highly plastic stem cells and can differentiate into specialized tissues such as adipose tissue, osseous tissue, muscle tissue, and nervous tissue. The differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells is very important in regenerative medicine. Their differentiation process is regulated by signaling pathways of epigenetic, transcriptional, and posttranscriptional levels. Circular RNA (circRNA), a class of noncoding RNAs generated from protein-coding genes, plays a pivotal regulatory role in many biological processes. Accumulated studies have demonstrated that several circRNAs participate in the cell differentiation process of mesenchymal stem cells in vitro and in vivo. In the current review, characteristics and functions of circRNAs in stem cell differentiation will be discussed. The mechanism and key role of circRNAs in regulating mesenchymal stem cell differentiation, especially adipogenesis, will be reviewed and discussed. Understanding the roles of these circRNAs will present us with a more comprehensive signal path network of modulating stem cell differentiation and help us discover potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets in clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanglin Wang
- Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Fundamental Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health, And Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, China
| | - Zhiyuan Li
- Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Fundamental Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, China
| | - Shoushuai Wang
- Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Fundamental Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, China
| | - Jun Fan
- Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Fundamental Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, China
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21
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Role of Circular Ribonucleic Acids in the Treatment of Traumatic Brain and Spinal Cord Injury. Mol Neurobiol 2020; 57:4296-4304. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-020-02027-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Xiong LL, Qiu DL, Xiu GH, Al-Hawwas M, Jiang Y, Wang YC, Hu Y, Chen L, Xia QJ, Wang TH. DPYSL2 is a novel regulator for neural stem cell differentiation in rats: revealed by Panax notoginseng saponin administration. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:155. [PMID: 32299503 PMCID: PMC7164273 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-01652-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The limited neuronal differentiation of the endogenous or grafted neural stem cells (NSCs) after brain injury hampers the clinic usage of NSCs. Panax notoginseng saponins (PNS) were extensively used for their clinical value, such as in controlling blood pressure, blood glucose, and inhibiting neuronal apoptosis and enhancing neuronal protection, but whether or not it exerts an effect in promoting neuronal differentiation of the endogenous NSCs is completely unclear and the potential underlying mechanism requires further exploration. METHODS Firstly, we determined whether PNS could successfully induce NSCs to differentiate to neurons under the serum condition. Mass spectrometry and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (Q-PCR) were then performed to screen the differentially expressed proteins (genes) between the PNS + serum and serum control group, upon which dihydropyrimidinase-like 2 (DPYSL2), a possible candidate, was then selected for the subsequent research. To further investigate the actual role of DPYSL2 in the NSC differentiation, DPYSL2-expressing lentivirus was employed to obtain DPYSL2 overexpression in NSCs. DPYSL2-knockout rats were constructed to study its effects on hippocampal neural stem cells. Immunofluorescent staining was performed to identify the differentiation direction of NSCs after 7 days from DPYSL2 transfection, as well as those from DPYSL2-knockout rats. RESULTS Seven differentially expressed protein spots were detected by PD Quest, and DPYSL2 was found as one of the key factors of NSC differentiation in a PNS-treated condition. The results of immunostaining further showed that mainly Tuj1 and GFAP-positive cells increased in the DPYSL2-overexpressed group, while both were depressed in the hippocampal NSCs in the DPYSL2-knockout rat. CONCLUSIONS The present study revealed that the differentiation direction of NSCs could be enhanced through PNS administration, and the DPYSL2 is a key regulator in promoting NSC differentiation. These results not only emphasized the effect of PNS but also indicated DPYSL2 could be a novel target to enhance the NSC differentiation in future clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu-Lin Xiong
- Institute of Neurological Disease, Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Division of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - De-Lu Qiu
- Institute of Neurological Disease, Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Guang-Hui Xiu
- Institute of Neurological Disease, Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Mohammed Al-Hawwas
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Division of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Ya Jiang
- Institute of Neuroscience, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650031, China
| | - You-Cui Wang
- Institute of Neurological Disease, Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yue Hu
- Institute of Neurological Disease, Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Li Chen
- Institute of Neurological Disease, Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Qing-Jie Xia
- Institute of Neurological Disease, Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Ting-Hua Wang
- Institute of Neurological Disease, Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
- Institute of Neuroscience, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650031, China.
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23
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Mehta SL, Dempsey RJ, Vemuganti R. Role of circular RNAs in brain development and CNS diseases. Prog Neurobiol 2020; 186:101746. [PMID: 31931031 PMCID: PMC7024016 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2020.101746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 184] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Revised: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In mammals, many classes of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) are expressed at a much higher level in the brain than in other organs. Recent studies have identified a new class of ncRNAs called circular RNAs (circRNAs), which are produced by back-splicing and fusion of either exons, introns, or both exon-intron into covalently closed loops. The circRNAs are also highly enriched in the brain and increase continuously from the embryonic to the adult stage. Although the functional significance and mechanism of action of circRNAs are still being actively explored, they are thought to regulate the transcription of their host genes and sequestration of miRNAs and RNA binding proteins. Some circRNAs are also shown to have translation potential to form peptides. The expression and abundance of circRNAs seem to be spatiotemporally maintained in a normal brain. Altered expression of circRNAs is also thought to mediate several disorders, including brain-tumor growth, and acute and chronic neurodegenerative disorders by affecting mechanisms such as angiogenesis, neuronal plasticity, autophagy, apoptosis, and inflammation. This review discusses the involvement of various circRNAs in brain development and CNS diseases. A better understanding of the circRNA function will help to develop novel therapeutic strategies to treat CNS complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suresh L Mehta
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Robert J Dempsey
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Raghu Vemuganti
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States; William S. Middleton Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, United States.
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Xiong S, Li Y, Xiang Y, Peng N, Shen C, Cai Y, Song D, Zhang P, Wang X, Zeng X, Zhang X. Dysregulation of lncRNA and circRNA Expression in Mouse Testes after Exposure to Triptolide. Curr Drug Metab 2020; 20:665-673. [PMID: 31362668 PMCID: PMC7062010 DOI: 10.2174/1389200220666190729130020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2019] [Revised: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Triptolide has been shown to exert various pharmacological effects on systemic autoimmune diseases and cancers. However, its severe toxicity, especially reproductive toxicity, prevents its widespread clinical use for people with fertility needs. Noncoding RNAs including lncRNAs and circRNAs are novel regulatory molecules that mediate a wide variety of physiological activities; they are crucial for spermatogenesis and their dysregulation might cause male infertility. However, whether they are involved in triptolide-induced reproductive toxicity is completely unknown. METHODS After exposure of mice to triptolide, the total RNAs were used to investigate lncRNA/circRNA/mRNA expression profiles by strand-specific RNA sequencing at the transcriptome level to help uncover RNA-related mechanisms in triptolide-induced toxicity. RESULTS Triptolide significantly decreased testicular weight, damaged testis and sperm morphology, and reduced sperm motility and density. Remarkable deformities in sperm head and tail were also found in triptolide-exposed mice. At the transcriptome level, the triptolide-treated mice exhibited aberrant expression profiles of lncRNAs/circRNAs/mRNAs. Gene Ontology and pathway analyses revealed that the functions of the differentially expressed lncRNA targets, circRNA cognate genes, and mRNAs were closely linked to many processes involved in spermatogenesis. In addition, some lncRNAs/circRNAs were greatly upregulated or inducibly expressed, implying their potential value as candidate markers for triptolide-induced male reproductive toxicity. CONCLUSION This study provides a preliminary database of triptolide-induced transcriptome, promotes understanding of the reproductive toxicity of triptolide, and highlights the need for research on increasing the medical efficacy of triptolide and decreasing its toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suping Xiong
- Institute of Life Science and School of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yanting Li
- Institute of Life Science and School of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yang Xiang
- Institute of Life Science and School of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Na Peng
- Institute of Life Science and School of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Chunmiao Shen
- Institute of Life Science and School of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yanqiu Cai
- Institute of Life Science and School of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Dandan Song
- Institute of Life Science and School of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Institute of Life Science and School of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiaolong Wang
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Department, Jilin Women and Children Health Hospital, Changchun, China
| | - Xuihui Zeng
- Institute of Life Science and School of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiaoning Zhang
- Institute of Life Science and School of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.,Medical School, Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, China
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25
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Lei M, Zheng G, Ning Q, Zheng J, Dong D. Translation and functional roles of circular RNAs in human cancer. Mol Cancer 2020; 19:30. [PMID: 32059672 PMCID: PMC7023758 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-020-1135-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 413] [Impact Index Per Article: 103.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a new class of non-coding RNAs formed by covalently closed loops through backsplicing. Recent methodologies have enabled in-depth characterization of circRNAs for identification and potential functions. CircRNAs play important roles in various biological functions as microRNA sponges, transcriptional regulators and combining with RNA binding proteins. Recent studies indicated that some cytoplasmic circRNAs can be effectively translated into detectable peptides, which enlightened us on the importance of circRNAs in cellular physiology function. Internal Ribosome Entry site (IRES)- and N6-methyladenosines (m6A)-mediated cap-independent translation initiation have been suggested to be potential mechanism for circRNA translation. To date, several translated circRNAs have been uncovered to play pivotal roles in human cancers. In this review, we introduced the properties and functions of circRNAs, and characterized the possible mechanism of translation initiation and complexity of the translation ability of circRNAs. We summarized the emerging functions of circRNA-encoded proteins in human cancer. The works on circRNA translation will open a hidden human proteome, and enhance us to understand the importance of circRNAs in human cancer, which has been poorly explored so far.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Lei
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Center of Clinical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Guantao Zheng
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Center of Clinical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Qianqian Ning
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Center of Clinical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Junnian Zheng
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China. .,Center of Clinical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.
| | - Dong Dong
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China. .,Center of Clinical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.
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26
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Ma X, Xiang F, Pei Z, Miao J, Wu P, Song X, Li Y, Zhang Y. Circ-Smad5 retards the G1/S transition of cell cycle via inhibiting the activity of wnt/lef/cyclind1 signaling in JB6 cells. Genes Dis 2020; 8:364-372. [PMID: 33997183 PMCID: PMC8093577 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2020.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2019] [Revised: 01/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs are a large class of noncoding RNAs. Smad5 functions in cell differentiation, cell proliferation and metastasis. It has been reported that lnc-Smad5 can inhibit the proliferation of diffuse large B cell lymphoma. However, the function of circ-Smad5 has not yet been reported. Lentivirus vectors were constructed to establish circ-Smad5 upregulated and circ-Smad5 downregulated cell models. A CCK-8 assay was used to detect the proliferation of JB6 cells. FACS was used to analyze the cell cycle in the cell models. Western blot, immunofluorescence staining and TOP/FOP flash dual luciferase activity assays were used to determine the activity of the Wnt signaling pathway. The results revealed that the expression level of circ-Smad5 in JB6 cells was significantly lower than the expression level of linearized-Smad5. Compared with the control group, the percentage of S phase cells and the expression level of cyclin D1 protein were significantly higher in the sh-circ-Smad5 group. In the sh-circ-Smad5 group, β-catenin and LEF-1 were significantly increased, p-β-catenin was significantly decreased, and the relative activity of the TOP/FOP reporter gene was higher compared to the control group levels. These phenomena could be reversed by treating with Wnt signaling inhibitor PNU-74654. We conclude that the circ-Smad5 retards the proliferation and the cell cycle progression of JB6 cells. Thus, circ-Smad5 may function by inhibiting the activation of Wnt/β-catenin/Lef 1 signaling, which inhibits the expression of cyclin D1. To the best of our knowledge, we are the first to report the function of circ-Smad5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaogen Ma
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, PR China
- Department of Cell Biology, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, PR China
| | - Fei Xiang
- Institute of Burn Research, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, PR China
| | - Zhuo Pei
- Department of Cell Biology, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, PR China
| | - Jiafeng Miao
- Department of Cell Biology, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, PR China
| | - Pan Wu
- Department of Cell Biology, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, PR China
| | - Xiaofeng Song
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 211106, PR China
| | - Yuhong Li
- Department of Cell Biology, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, PR China
- Corresponding author. Department of Cell Biology, Army Medical University, Gaotanyan street No. 30, Shapingba, 400038, Chongqing, China.
| | - Yiming Zhang
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, PR China
- Corresponding author. Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, 400037, Chongqing, China.
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27
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The Role of Circular RNAs in Brain Injury. Neuroscience 2020; 428:50-59. [PMID: 31917349 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2019.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Circular RNAs are an increasingly important topic in non-coding RNA biology, drawing considerable attention in recent years. Accumulating evidence suggests a critical role for circular RNAs in both early and latent stages of disease pathogenesis. Circular RNAs are abundantly expressed in brain tissue, with significant implications for neural development and disease progression. Disruption of these processes, including those seen in response to brain injury, can have serious consequences such as hemiplegia, aphasia, coma, and death. In this review, we describe the role of circular RNAs in the context of brain injury and explore the potential connection between circular RNAs, brain hypoxic ischemic injury, ischemia-reperfusion injury, and traumatic injury.
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28
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Li Z, Liu S, Li X, Zhao W, Li J, Xu Y. Circular RNA in Schizophrenia and Depression. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:392. [PMID: 32457667 PMCID: PMC7221196 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Schizophrenia (SZ) and depression (DEP) are two common major psychiatric disorders that are associated with high risk of suicide. These disorders affect not only physical and mental health, but they also affect the social function of the individual. However, diagnoses of SZ and DEP are mainly based on symptomatic changes and the clinical experience of psychiatrists. These rather subjective measures can induce misdiagnoses and missed diagnoses. Therefore, it is necessary to further explore objective indexes for improving the early diagnoses and prognoses of SZ and DEP. Current research indicates that non-coding RNA (ncRNA) may play a role in the occurrence and development of SZ and DEP. Circular RNA (circRNA), as an important component of ncRNA, is associated with many biological functions, especially post-transcriptional regulation. Since circRNA is easily detected in peripheral blood and has a high degree of spatiotemporal tissue specificity and stability, these attributes provide us with a new idea to further explore the potential value for the diagnosis and treatment of SZ and DEP. Here, we summarize the classification, characteristics, and biological functions of circRNA and the most significant results of experimental studies, aiming to highlight the involvement of circRNA in SZ and DEP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zexuan Li
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence Assisted Diagnosis and Treatment for Mental Disorder, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.,Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital/First Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Sha Liu
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence Assisted Diagnosis and Treatment for Mental Disorder, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.,Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital/First Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xinrong Li
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence Assisted Diagnosis and Treatment for Mental Disorder, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.,Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital/First Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Wentao Zhao
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence Assisted Diagnosis and Treatment for Mental Disorder, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.,Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital/First Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Jing Li
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence Assisted Diagnosis and Treatment for Mental Disorder, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.,Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital/First Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yong Xu
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence Assisted Diagnosis and Treatment for Mental Disorder, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.,Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital/First Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.,National Key Disciplines, Key Laboratory for Cellular Physiology of Ministry of Education, Department of Neurobiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.,Department of Humanities and Social Science, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
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29
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Shaimardanova AA, Solovyeva VV, Chulpanova DS, James V, Kitaeva KV, Rizvanov AA. Extracellular vesicles in the diagnosis and treatment of central nervous system diseases. Neural Regen Res 2020; 15:586-596. [PMID: 31638080 PMCID: PMC6975137 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.266908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles, including exosomes and microvesicles, play a fundamental role in the activity of the nervous system, participating in signal transmission between neurons and providing the interaction of central nervous system with all body systems. In many neurodegenerative diseases, neurons pack toxic substances into vesicles and release them into the extracellular space, which leads to the spread of misfolded neurotoxic proteins. The contents of neuron-derived extracellular vesicles may indicate pathological changes in the central nervous system, and the analysis of extracellular vesicle molecular content contributes to the development of non-invasive methods for the diagnosis of many central nervous system diseases. Extracellular vesicles of neuronal origin can be isolated from various biological fluids due to their ability to cross the blood-brain barrier. Today, the diagnostic potential of almost all toxic proteins involved in nervous system disease pathogenesis, specifically α-synuclein, tau protein, superoxide dismutase 1, FUS, leucine-rich repeat kinase 2, as well as some synaptic proteins, has been well evidenced. Special attention is paid to extracellular RNAs mostly associated with extracellular vesicles, which are important in the onset and development of many neurodegenerative diseases. Depending on parental cell type, extracellular vesicles may have different therapeutic properties, including neuroprotective, regenerative, and anti-inflammatory. Due to nano size, biosafety, ability to cross the blood-brain barrier, possibility of targeted delivery and the lack of an immune response, extracellular vesicles are a promising vehicle for the delivery of therapeutic substances for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases and drug delivery to the brain. This review describes modern approaches of diagnosis and treatment of central nervous system diseases using extracellular vesicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alisa A Shaimardanova
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
| | - Valeriya V Solovyeva
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan; Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, The Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Daria S Chulpanova
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan; Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, The Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Victoria James
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Leicestershire, UK
| | - Kristina V Kitaeva
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
| | - Albert A Rizvanov
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
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30
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Yang Q, Wu J, Zhao J, Xu T, Zhao Z, Song X, Han P. Correction to: circular RNA expression profiles during the differentiation of mouse neural stem cells. BMC SYSTEMS BIOLOGY 2019; 13:14. [PMID: 30678688 PMCID: PMC6345063 DOI: 10.1186/s12918-019-0682-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
It was highlighted that the original article [1] contained a mistake in the grant number in the Funding section of the Declarations, and in the legend of Fig. 6. This Correction article shows the incorrect and correct version of the Funding and the legend of Fig. 6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qichang Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 211106, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jing Wu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 211106, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jian Zhao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 211106, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tianyi Xu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 211106, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhongming Zhao
- Center for Precision Health, School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA. .,Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37203, USA.
| | - Xiaofeng Song
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 211106, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Ping Han
- The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210019, Jiangsu, China.
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31
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Wang K, Liu X, Guo Y, Wu Z, Zhi D, Ruan J, Zhao Z. The International Conference on Intelligent Biology and Medicine (ICIBM) 2018: systems biology on diverse data types. BMC SYSTEMS BIOLOGY 2018; 12:125. [PMID: 30577731 PMCID: PMC6302362 DOI: 10.1186/s12918-018-0648-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Between June 10–12, 2018, the International Conference on Intelligent Biology and Medicine (ICIBM 2018) was held in Los Angeles, California, USA. The conference included 11 scientific sessions, four tutorials, one poster session, four keynote talks and four eminent scholar talks that covered a wide range of topics in 3D genome structure analysis and visualization, next generation sequencing analysis, computational drug discovery, medical informatics, cancer genomics and systems biology. Systems biology has been a main theme in ICIBM 2018, with exciting advances presented in many areas of systems biology, covering various different data types such as gene regulation, circular RNAs expression, single-cell RNA-Seq, inter-chromosomal interactions, metabolomics, proteomics and phosphoproteomics. Here, we describe ten high quality papers to be published in BMC Systems Biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Wang
- Raymond G. Perelman Center for Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA. .,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
| | - Xiaoming Liu
- Human Genetics Center, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.,College of Public Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Yan Guo
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA
| | - Zhijin Wu
- Department of Biostatistics, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912, USA
| | - Degui Zhi
- Center for Precision Health, School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Jianhua Ruan
- Department of Computer Science, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78249, USA
| | - Zhongming Zhao
- Center for Precision Health, School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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