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Ruffenach G, Medzikovic L, Sun W, Hong J, Eghbali M. Functions of RNA-Binding Proteins in Cardiovascular Disease. Cells 2023; 12:2794. [PMID: 38132114 PMCID: PMC10742114 DOI: 10.3390/cells12242794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Gene expression is under tight regulation from the chromatin structure that regulates gene accessibility by the transcription machinery to protein degradation. At the transcript level, this regulation falls on RNA-binding proteins (RBPs). RBPs are a large and diverse class of proteins involved in all aspects of a transcript's lifecycle: splicing and maturation, localization, stability, and translation. In the past few years, our understanding of the role of RBPs in cardiovascular diseases has expanded. Here, we discuss the general structure and function of RBPs and the latest discoveries of their role in pulmonary and systemic cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grégoire Ruffenach
- Department of Anesthesiology, Division of Molecular Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA (W.S.)
| | - Lejla Medzikovic
- Department of Anesthesiology, Division of Molecular Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA (W.S.)
| | - Wasila Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, Division of Molecular Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA (W.S.)
| | - Jason Hong
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Mansoureh Eghbali
- Department of Anesthesiology, Division of Molecular Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA (W.S.)
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2
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Azimi A, Pourirahim M, Houshmand G, Adimi S, Maleki M, Kalayinia S. Arrhythmogenic left ventricular cardiomyopathy caused by a novel likely pathogenic DSP mutation, p.K1165Rfs*8, in a family with sudden cardiac death. BMC Med Genomics 2023; 16:266. [PMID: 37885024 PMCID: PMC10601356 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-023-01701-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We conducted an investigation into the clinical and molecular characteristics of Arrhythmogenic left ventricular cardiomyopathy (ALVC) caused by a novel likely pathogenic mutation in an Iranian pedigree with sudden cardiac death (SCD). BACKGROUND ALVC is a genetically inherited myocardial disease characterized by the substitution of fibro-fatty tissue in the left ventricular myocardium, predominantly inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern and is commonly associated with genes involved in encoding desmosomal proteins, specifically Desmoplakin (DSP). METHODS The patient and available family members underwent a comprehensive clinical assessment, including Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging, along with Whole-exome sequencing (WES). The identified variant was confirmed and segregated by Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and Sanger sequencing in the family members. RESULTS A novel likely pathogenic heterozygous variant, DSP (NM_004415.4), c.3492_3498del, p.K1165Rfs*8 was discovered in the proband. This variant is likely to be the primary reason for ALVC in this specific family. This variant was confirmed by Sanger sequencing and segregated in other affected members of the family. CONCLUSION We identified a novel likely pathogenic variant in the DSP gene, which has been identified as the cause of ALVC in an Iranian family. Our investigation underscores the importance of genetic testing, specifically WES, for individuals suspected of ALVC and have a family history of SCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Azimi
- Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Pourirahim
- Cardiogenetic Research Center, Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Golnaz Houshmand
- Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Adimi
- Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Majid Maleki
- Cardiogenetic Research Center, Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samira Kalayinia
- Cardiogenetic Research Center, Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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3
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Gu JN, Yang CX, Ding YY, Qiao Q, Di RM, Sun YM, Wang J, Yang L, Xu YJ, Yang YQ. Identification of BMP10 as a Novel Gene Contributing to Dilated Cardiomyopathy. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:diagnostics13020242. [PMID: 36673052 PMCID: PMC9857772 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13020242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), characterized by left ventricular or biventricular enlargement with systolic dysfunction, is the most common type of cardiac muscle disease. It is a major cause of congestive heart failure and the most frequent indication for heart transplantation. Aggregating evidence has convincingly demonstrated that DCM has an underlying genetic basis, though the genetic defects responsible for DCM in a larger proportion of cases remain elusive, motivating the ongoing research for new DCM-causative genes. In the current investigation, a multigenerational family affected with autosomal-dominant DCM was recruited from the Chinese Han population. By whole-exome sequencing and Sanger sequencing analyses of the DNAs from the family members, a new BMP10 variation, NM_014482.3:c.166C > T;p.(Gln56*), was discovered and verified to be in co-segregation with the DCM phenotype in the entire family. The heterozygous BMP10 variant was not detected in 268 healthy volunteers enrolled as control subjects. The functional measurement via dual-luciferase reporter assay revealed that Gln56*-mutant BMP10 lost the ability to transactivate its target genes NKX2.5 and TBX20, two genes that had been causally linked to DCM. The findings strongly indicate BMP10 as a new gene contributing to DCM in humans and support BMP10 haploinsufficiency as an alternative pathogenic mechanism underpinning DCM, implying potential implications for the early genetic diagnosis and precision prophylaxis of DCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Ning Gu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Fifth People′s Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Chen-Xi Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Fifth People′s Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Ding
- Shanghai Health Development Research Center, Shanghai Medical Information Center, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Qi Qiao
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Fifth People′s Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Ruo-Min Di
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Fifth People′s Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yu-Min Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Jing’an District Central Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Jing’an District Central Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Ling Yang
- Department of Ultrasound, Shanghai Chest Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Ying-Jia Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Fifth People′s Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200240, China
- Correspondence: (Y.-J.X.); (Y.-Q.Y.)
| | - Yi-Qing Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Fifth People′s Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200240, China
- Department of Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Shanghai Fifth People′s Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200240, China
- Department of Central Laboratory, Shanghai Fifth People′s Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200240, China
- Correspondence: (Y.-J.X.); (Y.-Q.Y.)
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4
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Guevara-Ramírez P, Cadena-Ullauri S, Ibarra-Castillo R, Laso-Bayas JL, Paz-Cruz E, Tamayo-Trujillo R, Ruiz-Pozo VA, Doménech N, Ibarra-Rodríguez AA, Zambrano AK. Genomic analysis of a novel pathogenic variant in the gene LMNA associated with cardiac laminopathies found in Ecuadorian siblings: A case report. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1141083. [PMID: 37025686 PMCID: PMC10070725 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1141083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Cardiac laminopathies are caused by mutations in the LMNA gene and include a wide range of clinical manifestations involving electrical and mechanical changes in cardiomyocytes. In Ecuador, cardiovascular diseases were the primary cause of death in 2019, accounting for 26.5% of total deaths. Cardiac laminopathy-associated mutations involve genes coding for structural proteins with functions related to heart development and physiology. Family description Two Ecuadorian siblings, self-identified as mestizos, were diagnosed with cardiac laminopathies and suffered embolic strokes. Moreover, by performing Next-Generation Sequencing, a pathogenic variant (NM_170707.3:c.1526del) was found in the gene LMNA. Discussion and conclusion Currently, genetic tests are an essential step for disease genetic counseling, including cardiovascular disease diagnosis. Identification of a genetic cause that may explain the risk of cardiac laminopathies in a family can help the post-test counseling and recommendations from the cardiologist. In the present report, a pathogenic variant ((NM_170707.3:c.1526del) has been identified in two Ecuadorian siblings with cardiac laminopathies. The LMNA gene codes for A-type laminar proteins that are associated with gene transcription regulation. Mutations in the LMNA gene cause laminopathies, disorders with diverse phenotypic manifestations. Moreover, understanding the molecular biology of the disease-causing mutations is essential in deciding the correct type of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Guevara-Ramírez
- Centro de Investigación Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Santiago Cadena-Ullauri
- Centro de Investigación Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Rita Ibarra-Castillo
- Department of Hemodynamics, Clinical Cardiac Electrophysiologist, Quito-Ecuador, Ecuador
| | - José Luis Laso-Bayas
- Department of Hemodynamics, Clinical Cardiac Electrophysiologist, Quito-Ecuador, Ecuador
| | - Elius Paz-Cruz
- Centro de Investigación Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Rafael Tamayo-Trujillo
- Centro de Investigación Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Viviana A. Ruiz-Pozo
- Centro de Investigación Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Nieves Doménech
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC)-CIBERCV, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC), Sergas, Universidad da Coruña (UDC), La Coruña-Spain, Spain
| | | | - Ana Karina Zambrano
- Centro de Investigación Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito, Ecuador
- Correspondence: Ana Karina Zambrano
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Lee SD, Lee HJ, Kim HR, Kang MG, Kim K, Park JR. Development of dilated cardiomyopathy with a long latent period followed by viral fulminant myocarditis: A case report. World J Clin Cases 2022; 10:13451-13457. [PMID: 36683618 PMCID: PMC9850995 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v10.i36.13451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The clinical course of acute myocarditis ranges from the occurrence of a few symptoms to the development of fatal fulminant myocarditis. Specifically, fulminant myocarditis causes clinical deterioration very rapidly and aggressively. The long-term prognosis of myocarditis is varied, and it fully recovers without leaving any special complications. However, even after recovery, heart failure may occur and eventually progress to dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), which causes serious left ventricular dysfunction. In the case of follow-up observation, no clear guidelines have been established.
CASE SUMMARY We report the case of a 21-year-old woman who presented with dyspnea. She became hemodynamically unstable and showed sustained fatal arrhythmias with decreased heart function. She was clinically diagnosed with fulminant myocarditis based on her echocardiogram and cardiac magnetic resonance results. After 2 d, she was readmitted to the emergency department under cardiopulmonary resuscitation and received mechanical ventilation and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. An implantable cardioverter defibrillator was inserted for secondary prevention. She recovered and was discharged. Prior to being hospitalized for sudden cardiac function decline and arrhythmia, she had been well for 7 years without any complications. She was finally diagnosed with dilated cardiomyopathy.
CONCLUSION DCM may develop unexpectedly in patients who have been cured of acute fulminant myocarditis and have been stable with a long period of remission. Therefore, they should be carefully and regularly observed clinically throughout long-term follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Do Lee
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju 52727, South Korea
| | - Hyo Jin Lee
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju 52727, South Korea
| | - Hye Ree Kim
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju 52727, South Korea
| | - Min Gyu Kang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju 52727, South Korea
| | - Kyehwan Kim
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju 52727, South Korea
| | - Jeong Rang Park
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju 52727, South Korea
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Guo Y, Wang J, Guo X, Gao R, Yang C, Li L, Sun Y, Qiu X, Xu Y, Yang Y. KLF13 Loss‐of‐Function Mutations Underlying Familial Dilated Cardiomyopathy. J Am Heart Assoc 2022; 11:e027578. [DOI: 10.1161/jaha.122.027578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Background
Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), characterized by progressive left ventricular enlargement and systolic dysfunction, is the most common type of cardiomyopathy and a leading cause of heart failure and cardiac death. Accumulating evidence underscores the critical role of genetic defects in the pathogenesis of DCM, and >250 genes have been implicated in DCM to date. However, DCM is of substantial genetic heterogeneity, and the genetic basis underpinning DCM remains elusive in most cases.
Methods and Results
By genome‐wide scan with microsatellite markers and genetic linkage analysis in a 4‐generation family inflicted with autosomal‐dominant DCM, a new locus for DCM was mapped on chromosome 15q13.1–q13.3, a 4.77‐cM (≈3.43 Mbp) interval between markers D15S1019 and D15S1010, with the largest 2‐point logarithm of odds score of 5.1175 for the marker D15S165 at recombination fraction (θ)=0.00. Whole‐exome sequencing analyses revealed that within the mapping chromosomal region, only the mutation in the
KLF13
gene, c.430G>T (p.E144X), cosegregated with DCM in the family. In addition, sequencing analyses of
KLF13
in another cohort of 266 unrelated patients with DCM and their available family members unveiled 2 new mutations, c.580G>T (p.E194X) and c.595T>C (p.C199R), which cosegregated with DCM in 2 families, respectively. The 3 mutations were absent from 418 healthy subjects. Functional assays demonstrated that the 3 mutants had no transactivation on the target genes
ACTC1
and
MYH7
(2 genes causally linked to DCM), alone or together with GATA4 (another gene contributing to DCM), and a diminished ability to bind the promoters of
ACTC1
and
MYH7
. Add, the E144X‐mutant KLF13 showed a defect in intracellular distribution.
Conclusions
This investigation indicates
KLF13
as a new gene predisposing to DCM, which adds novel insight to the molecular pathogenesis underlying DCM, implying potential implications for prenatal prevention and precision treatment of DCM in a subset of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu‐Han Guo
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Fifth People’s Hospital Fudan University Shanghai China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Jing’an District Central Hospital Fudan University Shanghai China
| | - Xiao‐Juan Guo
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Fifth People’s Hospital Fudan University Shanghai China
| | - Ri‐Feng Gao
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Fifth People’s Hospital Fudan University Shanghai China
| | - Chen‐Xi Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Fifth People’s Hospital Fudan University Shanghai China
| | - Li Li
- Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of the Ministry of Education of China, Shanghai East Hospital Tongji University School of Medicine Shanghai China
- Institute of Medical Genetics Tongji University Shanghai China
| | - Yu‐Min Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Jing’an District Central Hospital Fudan University Shanghai China
| | - Xing‐Biao Qiu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China
| | - Ying‐Jia Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Fifth People’s Hospital Fudan University Shanghai China
| | - Yi‐Qing Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Fifth People’s Hospital Fudan University Shanghai China
- Cardiovascular Research Laboratory and Central Laboratory, Shanghai Fifth People’s Hospital Fudan University Shanghai China
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Bagheri Moghaddam M, Maleki M, Oveisee M, Bagheri Moghaddam M, Arabian M, Malakootian M. Circular RNAs: New Players in Cardiomyopathy. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13091537. [PMID: 36140705 PMCID: PMC9498503 DOI: 10.3390/genes13091537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiomyopathies comprise a heterogeneous group of cardiac diseases identified by myocardium disorders and diminished cardiac function. They often lead to heart failure or heart transplantation and constitute one of the principal causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a novel type of noncoding RNAs. They are covalently closed and single-stranded and derived from the exons and introns of genes by alternative splicing. This specific structure renders them resistant to exonuclease digestion. Many recent studies have demonstrated that circRNAs are highly abundant and conserved and can play central roles in biological functions such as microRNA (miRNA) sponging, splicing, and transcription regulation. Emerging evidence indicates that circRNAs can play significant roles in cardiovascular diseases, including cardiomyopathies. In this review, we briefly describe the current understanding regarding the classification, nomenclature, characteristics, and function of circRNAs and report recent significant findings concerning the roles of circRNAs in cardiomyopathies. Furthermore, we discuss the clinical application potential of circRNAs as the therapeutic targets and diagnostic biomarkers of cardiomyopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maedeh Bagheri Moghaddam
- Molecular Genetics Department, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran 141171311, Iran
- Cardiogenetic Research Center, Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1995614331, Iran
| | - Majid Maleki
- Cardiogenetic Research Center, Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1995614331, Iran
| | - Maziar Oveisee
- School of Medicine, Bam University of Medical Sciences, Bam 7661771967, Iran
| | - Mahrokh Bagheri Moghaddam
- Cardiogenetic Research Center, Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1995614331, Iran
| | - Maedeh Arabian
- Cardiogenetic Research Center, Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1995614331, Iran
| | - Mahshid Malakootian
- Cardiogenetic Research Center, Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1995614331, Iran
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +98-2123923033; Fax: +98-2122663213
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