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Chen N, Cao W, Yuan Y, Wang Y, Zhang X, Chen Y, Yiasmin MN, Tristanto NA, Hua X. Recent advancements in mogrosides: A review on biological activities, synthetic biology, and applications in the food industry. Food Chem 2024; 449:139277. [PMID: 38608607 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Mogrosides are low-calorie, biologically active sweeteners that face high production costs due to strict cultivation requirements and the low yield of monk fruit. The rapid advancement in synthetic biology holds the potential to overcome this challenge. This review presents mogrosides exhibiting antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, anti-diabetic, and liver protective activities, with their efficacy in diabetes treatment surpassing that of Xiaoke pills (a Chinese diabetes medication). It also discusses the latest elucidated biosynthesis pathways of mogrosides, highlighting the challenges and research gaps in this field. The critical and most challenging step in this pathway is the transformation of mogrol into a variety of mogrosides by different UDP-glucosyltransferases (UGTs), primarily hindered by the poor substrate selectivity, product specificity, and low catalytic efficiency of current UGTs. Finally, the applications of mogrosides in the current food industry and the challenges they face are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuo Chen
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Weichao Cao
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yuying Yuan
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yuhang Wang
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Xijia Zhang
- Academy of Contemporary Food Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yujie Chen
- Jiangsu Stevia Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Mst Nushrat Yiasmin
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | | | - Xiao Hua
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
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2
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Akagi H, Shimizu H, Toya Y. Multicolor optogenetics for regulating flux ratio of three glycolytic pathways using EL222 and CcaSR in Escherichia coli. Biotechnol Bioeng 2024; 121:1016-1025. [PMID: 38116710 DOI: 10.1002/bit.28628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Optogenetics is an attractive synthetic biology tool for controlling the metabolic flux distribution. Here, we demonstrated optogenetic flux ratio control of glycolytic pathways consisting of the Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas (EMP), pentose phosphate (PP), and Entner-Doudoroff (ED) pathways by illuminating multicolor lights using blue light-responsive EL222 and green/red light-responsive CcaSR in Escherichia coli. EL222 forms a dimer and binds to a particular DNA sequence under blue light; therefore, target gene expression can be reduced or induced by inserting a recognition sequence into its promoter regions. First, a flux ratio between the PP and ED pathways was controlled by blue light using EL222. After blocking the EMP pathway, the EL222-recognition sequence was inserted between the -35 and -10 regions of gnd to repress the PP flux and was also inserted upstream of the -35 region of edd to induce ED flux. After adjusting light intensity, the PP:ED flux ratios were 60:39% and 29:70% under dark and blue light conditions, respectively. Finally, a CcaSR-based pgi expression system was implemented to control the flux ratio between the EMP and PP + ED pathways by illuminating green/red light. The EMP:PP:ED flux ratios were 80:9:11%, 14:35:51%, and 33:5:62% under green, red, and red and blue light, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayato Akagi
- Department of Bioinformatic Engineering, Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Shimizu
- Department of Bioinformatic Engineering, Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Toya
- Department of Bioinformatic Engineering, Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
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3
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Jaroensuk J, Sutthaphirom C, Phonbuppha J, Chinantuya W, Kesornpun C, Akeratchatapan N, Kittipanukul N, Phatinuwat K, Atichartpongkul S, Fuangthong M, Pongtharangkul T, Hollmann F, Chaiyen P. A versatile in situ cofactor enhancing system for meeting cellular demands for engineered metabolic pathways. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:105598. [PMID: 38159859 PMCID: PMC10850783 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Cofactor imbalance obstructs the productivities of metabolically engineered cells. Herein, we employed a minimally perturbing system, xylose reductase and lactose (XR/lactose), to increase the levels of a pool of sugar phosphates which are connected to the biosynthesis of NAD(P)H, FAD, FMN, and ATP in Escherichia coli. The XR/lactose system could increase the amounts of the precursors of these cofactors and was tested with three different metabolically engineered cell systems (fatty alcohol biosynthesis, bioluminescence light generation, and alkane biosynthesis) with different cofactor demands. Productivities of these cells were increased 2-4-fold by the XR/lactose system. Untargeted metabolomic analysis revealed different metabolite patterns among these cells, demonstrating that only metabolites involved in relevant cofactor biosynthesis were altered. The results were also confirmed by transcriptomic analysis. Another sugar reducing system (glucose dehydrogenase) could also be used to increase fatty alcohol production but resulted in less yield enhancement than XR. This work demonstrates that the approach of increasing cellular sugar phosphates can be a generic tool to increase in vivo cofactor generation upon cellular demand for synthetic biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juthamas Jaroensuk
- School of Biomolecular Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC), Rayong, Thailand
| | - Chalermroj Sutthaphirom
- School of Biomolecular Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC), Rayong, Thailand
| | - Jittima Phonbuppha
- School of Biomolecular Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC), Rayong, Thailand
| | - Wachirawit Chinantuya
- School of Biomolecular Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC), Rayong, Thailand; Faculty of Science, Department of Biochemistry and Center for Excellence in Protein and Enzyme Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Chatchai Kesornpun
- School of Biomolecular Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC), Rayong, Thailand
| | - Nattanon Akeratchatapan
- School of Biomolecular Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC), Rayong, Thailand
| | - Narongyot Kittipanukul
- School of Biomolecular Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC), Rayong, Thailand
| | - Kamonwan Phatinuwat
- Program in Applied Biological Sciences, Chulabhorn Graduate Institute, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Mayuree Fuangthong
- Program in Applied Biological Sciences, Chulabhorn Graduate Institute, Bangkok, Thailand; Laboratory of Biotechnology, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Frank Hollmann
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands
| | - Pimchai Chaiyen
- School of Biomolecular Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC), Rayong, Thailand.
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Su B, Deng MR, Zhu H. Advances in the Discovery and Engineering of Gene Targets for Carotenoid Biosynthesis in Recombinant Strains. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1747. [PMID: 38136618 PMCID: PMC10742120 DOI: 10.3390/biom13121747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Carotenoids are naturally occurring pigments that are abundant in the natural world. Due to their excellent antioxidant attributes, carotenoids are widely utilized in various industries, including the food, pharmaceutical, cosmetic industries, and others. Plants, algae, and microorganisms are presently the main sources for acquiring natural carotenoids. However, due to the swift progress in metabolic engineering and synthetic biology, along with the continuous and thorough investigation of carotenoid biosynthetic pathways, recombinant strains have emerged as promising candidates to produce carotenoids. The identification and manipulation of gene targets that influence the accumulation of the desired products is a crucial challenge in the construction and metabolic regulation of recombinant strains. In this review, we provide an overview of the carotenoid biosynthetic pathway, followed by a summary of the methodologies employed in the discovery of gene targets associated with carotenoid production. Furthermore, we focus on discussing the gene targets that have shown potential to enhance carotenoid production. To facilitate future research, we categorize these gene targets based on their capacity to attain elevated levels of carotenoid production.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ming-Rong Deng
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application (MARA), Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiome (MARA), State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China;
| | - Honghui Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application (MARA), Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiome (MARA), State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China;
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5
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Theodosiou E, Tüllinghoff A, Toepel J, Bühler B. Exploitation of Hetero- and Phototrophic Metabolic Modules for Redox-Intensive Whole-Cell Biocatalysis. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:855715. [PMID: 35497353 PMCID: PMC9043136 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.855715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The successful realization of a sustainable manufacturing bioprocess and the maximization of its production potential and capacity are the main concerns of a bioprocess engineer. A main step towards this endeavor is the development of an efficient biocatalyst. Isolated enzyme(s), microbial cells, or (immobilized) formulations thereof can serve as biocatalysts. Living cells feature, beside active enzymes, metabolic modules that can be exploited to support energy-dependent and multi-step enzyme-catalyzed reactions. Metabolism can sustainably supply necessary cofactors or cosubstrates at the expense of readily available and cheap resources, rendering external addition of costly cosubstrates unnecessary. However, for the development of an efficient whole-cell biocatalyst, in depth comprehension of metabolic modules and their interconnection with cell growth, maintenance, and product formation is indispensable. In order to maximize the flux through biosynthetic reactions and pathways to an industrially relevant product and respective key performance indices (i.e., titer, yield, and productivity), existing metabolic modules can be redesigned and/or novel artificial ones established. This review focuses on whole-cell bioconversions that are coupled to heterotrophic or phototrophic metabolism and discusses metabolic engineering efforts aiming at 1) increasing regeneration and supply of redox equivalents, such as NAD(P/H), 2) blocking competing fluxes, and 3) increasing the availability of metabolites serving as (co)substrates of desired biosynthetic routes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleni Theodosiou
- Institute of Applied Biosciences, Centre for Research and Technology Hellas, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Adrian Tüllinghoff
- Department of Solar Materials, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research GmbH—UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jörg Toepel
- Department of Solar Materials, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research GmbH—UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Bruno Bühler
- Department of Solar Materials, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research GmbH—UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
- *Correspondence: Bruno Bühler,
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Tang R, Wen Q, Li M, Zhang W, Wang Z, Yang J. Recent Advances in the Biosynthesis of Farnesene Using Metabolic Engineering. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:15468-15483. [PMID: 34905684 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c06022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Farnesene, as an important sesquiterpene isoprenoid polymer of acetyl-CoA, is a renewable feedstock for diesel fuel, polymers, and cosmetics. It has been widely applied in agriculture, medicine, energy, and other fields. In recent years, farnesene biosynthesis is considered a green and economical approach because of its mild reaction conditions, low environmental pollution, and sustainability. Metabolic engineering has been widely applied to construct cell factories for farnesene biosynthesis. In this paper, the research progress, common problems, and strategies of farnesene biosynthesis are reviewed. They are mainly described from the perspectives of the current status of farnesene biosynthesis in different host cells, optimization of the metabolic pathway for farnesene biosynthesis, and key enzymes for farnesene biosynthesis. Furthermore, the challenges and prospects for future farnesene biosynthesis are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruohao Tang
- Energy-Rich Compounds Production by Photosynthetic Carbon Fixation Research Center of Qingdao Agricultural University. Qingdao, Shandong 266109, People's Republic of China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Applied Mycology, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong 266109, People's Republic of China
| | - Qifeng Wen
- Energy-Rich Compounds Production by Photosynthetic Carbon Fixation Research Center of Qingdao Agricultural University. Qingdao, Shandong 266109, People's Republic of China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Applied Mycology, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong 266109, People's Republic of China
| | - Meijie Li
- Energy-Rich Compounds Production by Photosynthetic Carbon Fixation Research Center of Qingdao Agricultural University. Qingdao, Shandong 266109, People's Republic of China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Applied Mycology, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong 266109, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Energy-Rich Compounds Production by Photosynthetic Carbon Fixation Research Center of Qingdao Agricultural University. Qingdao, Shandong 266109, People's Republic of China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Applied Mycology, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong 266109, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaobao Wang
- Energy-Rich Compounds Production by Photosynthetic Carbon Fixation Research Center of Qingdao Agricultural University. Qingdao, Shandong 266109, People's Republic of China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Applied Mycology, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong 266109, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianming Yang
- Energy-Rich Compounds Production by Photosynthetic Carbon Fixation Research Center of Qingdao Agricultural University. Qingdao, Shandong 266109, People's Republic of China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Applied Mycology, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong 266109, People's Republic of China
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7
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Lee JY, Cha S, Lee JH, Lim HG, Noh MH, Kang CW, Jung GY. Plug-in repressor library for precise regulation of metabolic flux in Escherichia coli. Metab Eng 2021; 67:365-372. [PMID: 34333137 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymben.2021.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
In metabolic engineering, enhanced production of value-added chemicals requires precise flux control between growth-essential competing and production pathways. Although advances in synthetic biology have facilitated the exploitation of a number of genetic elements for precise flux control, their use requires expensive inducers, or more importantly, needs complex and time-consuming processes to design and optimize appropriate regulator components, case-by-case. To overcome this issue, we devised the plug-in repressor libraries for target-specific flux control, in which expression levels of the repressors were diversified using degenerate 5' untranslated region (5' UTR) sequences employing the UTR Library Designer. After we validated a wide expression range of the repressor libraries, they were applied to improve the production of lycopene from glucose and 3-hydroxypropionic acid (3-HP) from acetate in Escherichia coli via precise flux rebalancing to enlarge precursor pools. Consequently, we successfully achieved optimal carbon fluxes around the precursor nodes for efficient production. The most optimized strains were observed to produce 2.59 g/L of 3-HP and 11.66 mg/L of lycopene, which were improved 16.5-fold and 2.82-fold, respectively, compared to those produced by the parental strains. These results indicate that carbon flux rebalancing using the plug-in library is a powerful strategy for efficient production of value-added chemicals in E. coli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Yeon Lee
- School of Interdisciplinary Bioscience and Bioengineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77 Cheongam-Ro, Nam-Gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk, 37673, South Korea
| | - Sanghak Cha
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77 Cheongam-Ro, Nam-Gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk, 37673, South Korea
| | - Ji Hoon Lee
- School of Interdisciplinary Bioscience and Bioengineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77 Cheongam-Ro, Nam-Gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk, 37673, South Korea
| | - Hyun Gyu Lim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77 Cheongam-Ro, Nam-Gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk, 37673, South Korea
| | - Myung Hyun Noh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77 Cheongam-Ro, Nam-Gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk, 37673, South Korea
| | - Chae Won Kang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77 Cheongam-Ro, Nam-Gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk, 37673, South Korea
| | - Gyoo Yeol Jung
- School of Interdisciplinary Bioscience and Bioengineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77 Cheongam-Ro, Nam-Gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk, 37673, South Korea; Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77 Cheongam-Ro, Nam-Gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk, 37673, South Korea.
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Fondi M, Gonzi S, Dziurzynski M, Turano P, Ghini V, Calvanese M, Colarusso A, Lauro C, Parrilli E, Tutino ML. Modelling hCDKL5 Heterologous Expression in Bacteria. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11080491. [PMID: 34436432 PMCID: PMC8401935 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11080491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
hCDKL5 refers to the human cyclin-dependent kinase like 5 that is primarily expressed in the brain. Mutations in its coding sequence are often causative of hCDKL5 deficiency disorder, a devastating neurodevelopmental disorder currently lacking a cure. The large-scale recombinant production of hCDKL5 is desirable to boost the translation of preclinical therapeutic approaches into the clinic. However, this is hampered by the intrinsically disordered nature of almost two-thirds of the hCDKL5 sequence, making this region more susceptible to proteolytic attack, and the observed toxicity when the enzyme is accumulated in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic host cells. The bacterium Pseudoalteromonas haloplanktis TAC125 (PhTAC125) is the only prokaryotic host in which the full-length production of hCDKL5 has been demonstrated. To date, a system-level understanding of the metabolic burden imposed by hCDKL5 production is missing, although it would be crucial for upscaling of the production process. Here, we combined experimental data on protein production and nutrients assimilation with metabolic modelling to infer the global consequences of hCDKL5 production in PhTAC125 and to identify potential overproduction targets. Our analyses showed a remarkable accuracy of the model in simulating the recombinant strain phenotype and also identified priority targets for optimised protein production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Fondi
- Department of Biology, University of Florence, Sesto F.no Florence, 50019 Florence, Italy;
- Centro Studi Dinamiche Complesse (CSDC), University of Florence, Sesto F.no Florence, 50019 Florence, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Stefano Gonzi
- Department of Biology, University of Florence, Sesto F.no Florence, 50019 Florence, Italy;
| | - Mikolaj Dziurzynski
- Department of Environmental Microbiology and Biotechnology, Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Paola Turano
- Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM) and Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”, University of Florence, via Sacconi 6, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Fiorentino, Italy; (P.T.); (V.G.)
- Consorzio Interuniversitario Risonanze Magnetiche MetalloProteine (CIRMMP), via Sacconi 6, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Veronica Ghini
- Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM) and Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”, University of Florence, via Sacconi 6, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Fiorentino, Italy; (P.T.); (V.G.)
- Consorzio Interuniversitario Risonanze Magnetiche MetalloProteine (CIRMMP), via Sacconi 6, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Marzia Calvanese
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Complesso Universitario Monte Sant’Angelo, 80126 Napoli, Italy; (M.C.); (A.C.); (C.L.); (E.P.); (M.L.T.)
| | - Andrea Colarusso
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Complesso Universitario Monte Sant’Angelo, 80126 Napoli, Italy; (M.C.); (A.C.); (C.L.); (E.P.); (M.L.T.)
- Istituto Nazionale Biostrutture e Biosistemi—I.N.B.B., Viale Medaglie d’Oro, 305-00136 Roma, Italy
| | - Concetta Lauro
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Complesso Universitario Monte Sant’Angelo, 80126 Napoli, Italy; (M.C.); (A.C.); (C.L.); (E.P.); (M.L.T.)
- Istituto Nazionale Biostrutture e Biosistemi—I.N.B.B., Viale Medaglie d’Oro, 305-00136 Roma, Italy
| | - Ermenegilda Parrilli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Complesso Universitario Monte Sant’Angelo, 80126 Napoli, Italy; (M.C.); (A.C.); (C.L.); (E.P.); (M.L.T.)
| | - Maria Luisa Tutino
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Complesso Universitario Monte Sant’Angelo, 80126 Napoli, Italy; (M.C.); (A.C.); (C.L.); (E.P.); (M.L.T.)
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9
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Charpentier J, Briand F, Lelouvier B, Servant F, Azalbert V, Puel A, Christensen JE, Waget A, Branchereau M, Garret C, Lluch J, Heymes C, Brousseau E, Burcelin R, Guzylack L, Sulpice T, Grasset E. Liraglutide targets the gut microbiota and the intestinal immune system to regulate insulin secretion. Acta Diabetol 2021; 58:881-897. [PMID: 33723651 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-020-01657-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Liraglutide controls type 2 diabetes (T2D) and inflammation. Gut microbiota regulates the immune system and causes at least in part type 2 diabetes. We here evaluated whether liraglutide regulates T2D through both gut microbiota and immunity in dysmetabolic mice. METHODS Diet-induced dysmetabolic mice were treated for 14 days with intraperitoneal injection of liraglutide (100 µg/kg) or with vehicle or Exendin 4 (10 µg/kg) as controls. Various metabolic parameters, the intestinal immune cells were characterized and the 16SrDNA gene sequenced from the gut. The causal role of gut microbiota was shown using large spectrum antibiotics and by colonization of germ-free mice with the gut microbiota from treated mice. RESULTS Besides, the expected metabolic impacts liraglutide treatment induced a specific gut microbiota specific signature when compared to vehicle or Ex4-treated mice. However, liraglutide only increased glucose-induced insulin secretion, reduced the frequency of Th1 lymphocytes, and increased that of TReg in the intestine. These effects were abolished by a concomitant antibiotic treatment. Colonization of germ-free mice with gut microbiota from liraglutide-treated diabetic mice improved glucose-induced insulin secretion and regulated the intestinal immune system differently from what observed in germ-free mice colonized with microbiota from non-treated diabetic mice. CONCLUSIONS Altogether, our result demonstrated first the influence of liraglutide on gut microbiota and the intestinal immune system which could at least in part control glucose-induced insulin secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Charpentier
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Toulouse, France
- Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1048, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), Université Paul Sabatier (UPS), Team 2: 'Intestinal Risk Factors Diabetes, Dyslipidemia', 31432, Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | - Francois Briand
- PHYSIOGENEX SAS Prologue Biotech, 516 Rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 31670, Labège Innopole, France
| | - Benjamin Lelouvier
- Vaiomer, Prologue Biotech, 516 Rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 31670, Labège Innopole, France
| | - Florence Servant
- Vaiomer, Prologue Biotech, 516 Rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 31670, Labège Innopole, France
| | - Vincent Azalbert
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Toulouse, France
- Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1048, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), Université Paul Sabatier (UPS), Team 2: 'Intestinal Risk Factors Diabetes, Dyslipidemia', 31432, Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | - Anthony Puel
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Toulouse, France
- Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1048, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), Université Paul Sabatier (UPS), Team 2: 'Intestinal Risk Factors Diabetes, Dyslipidemia', 31432, Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | - Jeffrey E Christensen
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Toulouse, France
- Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1048, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), Université Paul Sabatier (UPS), Team 2: 'Intestinal Risk Factors Diabetes, Dyslipidemia', 31432, Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | - Aurélie Waget
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Toulouse, France
- Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1048, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), Université Paul Sabatier (UPS), Team 2: 'Intestinal Risk Factors Diabetes, Dyslipidemia', 31432, Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | - Maxime Branchereau
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Toulouse, France
- Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1048, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), Université Paul Sabatier (UPS), Team 2: 'Intestinal Risk Factors Diabetes, Dyslipidemia', 31432, Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | - Céline Garret
- Vaiomer, Prologue Biotech, 516 Rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 31670, Labège Innopole, France
| | - Jérome Lluch
- Vaiomer, Prologue Biotech, 516 Rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 31670, Labège Innopole, France
| | - Christophe Heymes
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Toulouse, France
- Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1048, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), Université Paul Sabatier (UPS), Team 2: 'Intestinal Risk Factors Diabetes, Dyslipidemia', 31432, Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | - Emmanuel Brousseau
- PHYSIOGENEX SAS Prologue Biotech, 516 Rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 31670, Labège Innopole, France
| | - Rémy Burcelin
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Toulouse, France.
- Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1048, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), Université Paul Sabatier (UPS), Team 2: 'Intestinal Risk Factors Diabetes, Dyslipidemia', 31432, Toulouse Cedex 4, France.
| | - Laurence Guzylack
- Neuro-Gastroenterology and Nutrition Team, Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Thierry Sulpice
- PHYSIOGENEX SAS Prologue Biotech, 516 Rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 31670, Labège Innopole, France
| | - Estelle Grasset
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Toulouse, France
- Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1048, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), Université Paul Sabatier (UPS), Team 2: 'Intestinal Risk Factors Diabetes, Dyslipidemia', 31432, Toulouse Cedex 4, France
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10
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Rationally optimized generation of integrated Escherichia coli with stable and high yield lycopene biosynthesis from heterologous mevalonate (MVA) and lycopene expression pathways. Synth Syst Biotechnol 2021; 6:85-94. [PMID: 33997358 PMCID: PMC8091476 DOI: 10.1016/j.synbio.2021.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The stability and high productivity of heterogeneous terpenoid production in Escherichia coli expression system is one of the most key issues for its large scale industrialization. In the current study on taking lycopene biosynthesis as an example, an integrated Escherichia coli system has been generated successfully, which resulted into stable and high lycopene production. In this process, two modules of mevalonate (MVA) pathway and one module of lycopene expression pathway were completely integrated in the chromosome. Firstly, the copy number and integrated position of three modules of heterologous pathways were rationally optimized. Later, a strain DH416 equipped with heterogeneous expression pathways through chromosomal integration was efficiently derived from parental strain DH411. The evolving DH416 strain efficiently produced the lycopene level of 1.22 g/L (49.9 mg/g DCW) in a 5 L fermenter with mean productivity of 61.0 mg/L/h. Additionally, the integrated strain showed more genetic stability than the plasmid systems after successive 21st passage.
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11
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Ma ZX, Zhang M, Zhang CT, Zhang H, Mo XH, Xing XH, Yang S. Metabolomic analysis improves bioconversion of methanol to isobutanol in Methylorubrum extorquens AM1. Biotechnol J 2021; 16:e2000413. [PMID: 33595188 DOI: 10.1002/biot.202000413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Methylorubrum extorquens AM1 can be engineered to convert methanol to value-added chemicals. Most of these chemicals derive from acetyl-CoA involved in the serine cycle. However, recent studies on methylotrophic metabolism have suggested that C3 pyruvate is a good potential precursor for broadening the types of synthesized products. METHODS AND RESULTS In the present study, we found that isobutanol was a model chemical that could be generated from pyruvate through a 2-keto acid pathway. Initially, the engineered M. extorquens AM1 could only produce a trace amount of isobutanol at 0.62 mgL-1 after introducing the heterologous 2-ketoisovalerate decarboxylase and alcohol dehydrogenase. Furthermore, the metabolomic analysis revealed that insufficient carbon fluxes through 2-ketoisovalerate and pyruvate were the key limitation steps for efficient biosynthesis of isobutanol. Based on this analysis, the titer of isobutanol was improved by over 20-fold after overexpressing alsS gene encoding acetolactate synthase and deleting ldhA gene for lactate dehydrogenase. Moreover, substituting the cell chassis with the isobutanol-tolerant strain isolated from adaptive evolution of M. extorquens AM1 further increased the production of isobutanol by 1.7-fold, resulting in the final titer of 19 mgL-1 in flask cultivation. CONCLUSION Our current findings provided promising insights into engineering methylotrophic cell factories capable of converting methanol to isobutanol or value-added chemicals using pyruvate as the precursor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeng-Xin Ma
- School of Life Sciences, Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Applied Mycology, and Qingdao International Center on Microbes Utilizing Biogas, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Applied Mycology, and Qingdao International Center on Microbes Utilizing Biogas, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China.,Shandong Longkete Enzyme Co., Ltd., Linyi, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Chang-Tai Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Applied Mycology, and Qingdao International Center on Microbes Utilizing Biogas, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Applied Mycology, and Qingdao International Center on Microbes Utilizing Biogas, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu-Hua Mo
- School of Life Sciences, Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Applied Mycology, and Qingdao International Center on Microbes Utilizing Biogas, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin-Hui Xing
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biocatalysis, Ministry of Education, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, and Institute of Biomedical Health Technology and Engineering, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Song Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Applied Mycology, and Qingdao International Center on Microbes Utilizing Biogas, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
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12
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Yuan XJ, Chen WJ, Ma ZX, Yuan QQ, Zhang M, He L, Mo XH, Zhang C, Zhang CT, Wang MY, Xing XH, Yang S. Rewiring the native methanol assimilation metabolism by incorporating the heterologous ribulose monophosphate cycle into Methylorubrum extorquens. Metab Eng 2021; 64:95-110. [PMID: 33493644 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymben.2021.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Methanol is assimilated through the serine cycle to generate acetyl-CoA without carbon loss. However, a highly active serine cycle requires high consumption of reducing equivalents and ATP, thereby leading to the impaired efficiency of methanol conversion to reduced chemicals. In the present study, a genome-scale flux balance analysis (FBA) predicted that the introduction of the heterologous ribulose monophosphate (RuMP) cycle, a more energy-efficient pathway for methanol assimilation, could theoretically increase growth rate by 31.3% for the model alphaproteobacterial methylotroph Methylorubrum extorquens AM1. Based on this analysis, we constructed a novel synergistic assimilation pathway in vivo by incorporating the RuMP cycle into M. extroquens metabolism with the intrinsic serine cycle. We demonstrated that the operation of the synergistic pathway could increase cell growth rate by 16.5% and methanol consumption rate by 13.1%. This strategy rewired the central methylotrophic metabolism through adjusting core gene transcription, leading to a pool size increase of C2 to C5 central intermediates by 1.2- to 3.6-fold and an NADPH cofactor improvement by 1.3-fold. The titer of 3-hydroxypropionic acid (3-HP), a model product in the newly engineered chassis of M. extorquens AM1, was increased to 91.2 mg/L in shake-flask culture, representing a 3.1-fold increase compared with the control strain with only the serine cycle. The final titer of 3-HP was significantly improved to 0.857 g/L in the fed-batch bioreactor, which was more competitive compared with the other 3-HP producers using methane and CO2 as C1 sources. Collectively, our current study demonstrated that engineering the synergistic methanol assimilation pathway was a promising strategy to increase the carbon assimilation and the yields of reduced chemicals in diverse host strains for C1 microbial cell factories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Jie Yuan
- School of Life Sciences, Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Applied Mycology, And Qingdao International Center on Microbes Utilizing Biogas, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China; Department of Molecular Biology, Qingdao Vland Biotech Inc., Qingdao, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Jing Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Applied Mycology, And Qingdao International Center on Microbes Utilizing Biogas, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Zeng-Xin Ma
- School of Life Sciences, Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Applied Mycology, And Qingdao International Center on Microbes Utilizing Biogas, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian-Qian Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Applied Mycology, And Qingdao International Center on Microbes Utilizing Biogas, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Lian He
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Xu-Hua Mo
- School of Life Sciences, Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Applied Mycology, And Qingdao International Center on Microbes Utilizing Biogas, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Chong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biocatalysis, Ministry of Education, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, People's Republic of China; Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Chang-Tai Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Applied Mycology, And Qingdao International Center on Microbes Utilizing Biogas, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng-Ying Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Applied Mycology, And Qingdao International Center on Microbes Utilizing Biogas, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin-Hui Xing
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biocatalysis, Ministry of Education, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, People's Republic of China; Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, People's Republic of China; Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, And Institute of Biomedical Health Technology and Engineering, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, China
| | - Song Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Applied Mycology, And Qingdao International Center on Microbes Utilizing Biogas, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.
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13
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Nguyen AD, Kim D, Lee EY. Unlocking the biosynthesis of sesquiterpenoids from methane via the methylerythritol phosphate pathway in methanotrophic bacteria, using α-humulene as a model compound. Metab Eng 2020; 61:69-78. [PMID: 32387228 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymben.2020.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 03/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Isoprenoids are an abundant and diverse class of natural products with various applications in the pharmaceutical, cosmetics and biofuel industries. A methanotroph-based biorefinery is an attractive scenario for the production of a variety of value-added compounds from methane, because methane is a promising alternative feedstock for industrial biomanufacturing. In this study, we metabolically engineered Methylotuvimicrobium alcaliphilum 20Z for de novo synthesis of a sesquiterpenoid from methane, using α-humulene as a model compound, via optimization of the native methylerythritol phosphate (MEP) pathway. Expression of codon-optimized α-humulene synthase from Zingiber zerumbet in M. alcaliphilum 20Z resulted in an initial yield of 0.04 mg/g dry cell weight. Overexpressing key enzymes (IspA, IspG, and Dxs) for debottlenecking of the MEP pathway increased α-humulene production 5.2-fold compared with the initial strain. Subsequently, redirecting the carbon flux through the Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas pathway resulted in an additional 3-fold increase in α-humulene production. Additionally, a genome-scale model using flux scanning based on enforced objective flux method was used to identify potential overexpression targets to increase flux towards isoprenoid production. Several target reactions from cofactor synthesis pathways were probed and evaluated for their effects on α-humulene synthesis, resulting in α-humulene yield up to 0.75 mg/g DCW with 18.8-fold enhancement from initial yield. This study first demonstrates production of a sesquiterpenoid from methane using methanotrophs as the biocatalyst and proposes potential strategies to enhance production of sesquiterpenoid and related isoprenoid products in engineered methanotrophic bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anh Duc Nguyen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, 17104, South Korea
| | - Donghyuk Kim
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, South Korea
| | - Eun Yeol Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, 17104, South Korea.
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14
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Li C, Swofford CA, Sinskey AJ. Modular engineering for microbial production of carotenoids. Metab Eng Commun 2020; 10:e00118. [PMID: 31908924 PMCID: PMC6938962 DOI: 10.1016/j.mec.2019.e00118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
There is an increasing demand for carotenoids due to their applications in the food, flavor, pharmaceutical and feed industries, however, the extraction and synthesis of these compounds can be expensive and technically challenging. Microbial production of carotenoids provides an attractive alternative to the negative environmental impacts and cost of chemical synthesis or direct extraction from plants. Metabolic engineering and synthetic biology approaches have been widely utilized to reconstruct and optimize pathways for carotenoid overproduction in microorganisms. This review summarizes the current advances in microbial engineering for carotenoid production and divides the carotenoid biosynthesis building blocks into four distinct metabolic modules: 1) central carbon metabolism, 2) cofactor metabolism, 3) isoprene supplement metabolism and 4) carotenoid biosynthesis. These four modules focus on redirecting carbon flux and optimizing cofactor supplements for isoprene precursors needed for carotenoid synthesis. Future perspectives are also discussed to provide insights into microbial engineering principles for overproduction of carotenoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Li
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Boston, MA, 02139, USA
- Disruptive & Sustainable Technologies for Agricultural Precision, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology, Singapore, 138602, Singapore
| | - Charles A. Swofford
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Boston, MA, 02139, USA
- Disruptive & Sustainable Technologies for Agricultural Precision, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology, Singapore, 138602, Singapore
| | - Anthony J. Sinskey
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Boston, MA, 02139, USA
- Disruptive & Sustainable Technologies for Agricultural Precision, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology, Singapore, 138602, Singapore
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15
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Li M, Hou F, Wu T, Jiang X, Li F, Liu H, Xian M, Zhang H. Recent advances of metabolic engineering strategies in natural isoprenoid production using cell factories. Nat Prod Rep 2020; 37:80-99. [DOI: 10.1039/c9np00016j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
This review covers the strategies mostly developed in the last three years for microbial production of isoprenoid, classified according to the engineering targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meijie Li
- Key Laboratory of Biobased Materials
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Qingdao 266101
- P. R. China
| | - Feifei Hou
- Key Laboratory of Biobased Materials
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Qingdao 266101
- P. R. China
| | - Tong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Biobased Materials
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Qingdao 266101
- P. R. China
| | - Xinglin Jiang
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability
- Technical University of Denmark
- Lyngby
- Denmark
| | - Fuli Li
- Key Laboratory of Biobased Materials
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Qingdao 266101
- P. R. China
| | - Haobao Liu
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory for Tobacco Biology and Processing
- Tobacco Research Institute
- Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
- Qingdao
- P. R. China
| | - Mo Xian
- Key Laboratory of Biobased Materials
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Qingdao 266101
- P. R. China
| | - Haibo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biobased Materials
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Qingdao 266101
- P. R. China
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16
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Abstract
Some species belonging to the Rhodococcus genus, such as Rhodococcus opacus, R. jostii, and R. wratislaviensis, are known to be oleaginous microorganisms, since they are able to accumulate triacylglycerols (TAG) at more than 20% of their weight (dry weight). Oleaginous rhodococci are promising microbial cell factories for the production of lipids to be used as fuels and chemicals. Cells could be engineered to create strains capable of producing high quantities of oils from industrial wastes and a variety of high-value lipids. The comprehensive understanding of carbon metabolism and its regulation will contribute to the design of a reliable process for bacterial oil production. Bacterial oleagenicity requires an integral configuration of metabolism and regulatory processes rather than the sole existence of an efficient lipid biosynthesis pathway. In recent years, several studies have been focused on basic aspects of TAG biosynthesis and accumulation using R. opacus PD630 and R. jostii RHA1 strains as models of oleaginous bacteria. The combination of results obtained in these studies allows us to propose a metabolic landscape for oleaginous rhodococci. In this context, this article provides a comprehensive and integrative view of different metabolic and regulatory attributes and innovations that explain the extraordinary ability of these bacteria to synthesize and accumulate TAG. We hope that the accessibility to such information in an integrated way will help researchers to rationally select new targets for further studies in the field.
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17
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Pyne ME, Narcross L, Martin VJJ. Engineering Plant Secondary Metabolism in Microbial Systems. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2019; 179:844-861. [PMID: 30643013 PMCID: PMC6393802 DOI: 10.1104/pp.18.01291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
An overview of common challenges and strategies underlying efforts to reconstruct plant isoprenoid, alkaloid, phenylpropanoid, and polyketide biosynthetic pathways in microbial systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael E Pyne
- Department of Biology, Centre for Applied Synthetic Biology, Centre for Structural and Functional Genomics, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Lauren Narcross
- Department of Biology, Centre for Applied Synthetic Biology, Centre for Structural and Functional Genomics, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Vincent J J Martin
- Department of Biology, Centre for Applied Synthetic Biology, Centre for Structural and Functional Genomics, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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18
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Construction of an alternative glycerol-utilization pathway for improved β-carotene production in Escherichia coli. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 45:697-705. [DOI: 10.1007/s10295-018-2045-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Glycerol, which is an inevitable by-product of biodiesel production, is an ideal carbon source for the production of carotenoids due to its low price, good availability and chemically reduced status, which results in a low requirement for additional reducing equivalents. In this study, an alternative carbon-utilization pathway was constructed in Escherichia coli to enable more efficient β-carotene production from glycerol. An aldehyde reductase gene (alrd) and an aldehyde dehydrogenase gene (aldH) from Ralstonia eutropha H16 were integrated into the E. coli chromosome to form a novel glycerol-utilization pathway. The β-carotene specific production value was increased by 50% after the introduction of alrd and aldH. It was found that the glycerol kinase gene (garK), alrd and aldH were the bottleneck of the alternative glycerol metabolic pathway, and modulation of garK gene with an mRS library further increased the β-carotene specific production value by 13%. Finally, co-modulation of genes in the introduced aldH–alrd operon led to 86% more of β-carotene specific production value than that of the strain without the alternative glycerol-utilization pathway and the glycerol-utilization rate was also increased. In this work, β-carotene production of E. coli was significantly improved by constructing and optimizing an alternative glycerol-utilization pathway. This strategy can potentially be used to improve the production of other isoprenoids using glycerol as a cheap and abundant substrate, and therefore has industrial relevance.
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19
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Park SY, Yang D, Ha SH, Lee SY. Metabolic Engineering of Microorganisms for the Production of Natural Compounds. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/adbi.201700190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Seon Young Park
- Metabolic and Biomolecular Engineering National Research Laboratory; Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK21 Plus Program); Institute for the BioCentury; Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST); Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - Dongsoo Yang
- Metabolic and Biomolecular Engineering National Research Laboratory; Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK21 Plus Program); Institute for the BioCentury; Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST); Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - Shin Hee Ha
- Metabolic and Biomolecular Engineering National Research Laboratory; Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK21 Plus Program); Institute for the BioCentury; Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST); Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Yup Lee
- Metabolic and Biomolecular Engineering National Research Laboratory; Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK21 Plus Program); Institute for the BioCentury; Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST); Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
- BioProcess Engineering Research Center; KAIST; Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
- BioInformatics Research Center; KAIST; Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
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20
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Holistic bioengineering: rewiring central metabolism for enhanced bioproduction. Biochem J 2017; 474:3935-3950. [PMID: 29146872 PMCID: PMC5688466 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20170377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2017] [Revised: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
What does it take to convert a living organism into a truly productive biofactory? Apart from optimizing biosynthesis pathways as standalone units, a successful bioengineering approach must bend the endogenous metabolic network of the host, and especially its central metabolism, to support the bioproduction process. In practice, this usually involves three complementary strategies which include tuning-down or abolishing competing metabolic pathways, increasing the availability of precursors of the desired biosynthesis pathway, and ensuring high availability of energetic resources such as ATP and NADPH. In this review, we explore these strategies, focusing on key metabolic pathways and processes, such as glycolysis, anaplerosis, the TCA (tricarboxylic acid) cycle, and NADPH production. We show that only a holistic approach for bioengineering — considering the metabolic network of the host organism as a whole, rather than focusing on the production pathway alone — can truly mold microorganisms into efficient biofactories.
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21
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Moses T, Mehrshahi P, Smith AG, Goossens A. Synthetic biology approaches for the production of plant metabolites in unicellular organisms. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2017; 68:4057-4074. [PMID: 28449101 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erx119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic biology is the repurposing of biological systems for novel objectives and applications. Through the co-ordinated and balanced expression of genes, both native and those introduced from other organisms, resources within an industrial chassis can be siphoned for the commercial production of high-value commodities. This developing interdisciplinary field has the potential to revolutionize natural product discovery from higher plants, by providing a diverse array of tools, technologies, and strategies for exploring the large chemically complex space of plant natural products using unicellular organisms. In this review, we emphasize the key features that influence the generation of biorefineries and highlight technologies and strategic solutions that can be used to overcome engineering pitfalls with rational design. Also presented is a succinct guide to assist the selection of unicellular chassis most suited for the engineering and subsequent production of the desired natural product, in order to meet the global demand for plant natural products in a safe and sustainable manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tessa Moses
- Ghent University, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Payam Mehrshahi
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EA, UK
| | - Alison G Smith
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EA, UK
| | - Alain Goossens
- Ghent University, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
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22
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Abstract
Whole-cell biocatalysts provide unique advantages and have been widely used for the efficient biosynthesis of value-added fine and bulk chemicals, as well as pharmaceutically active ingredients. What is more, advances in synthetic biology and metabolic engineering, together with the rapid development of molecular genetic tools, have brought about a renaissance of whole-cell biocatalysis. These rapid advancements mean that whole-cell biocatalysts can increasingly be rationally designed. Genes of heterologous enzymes or synthetic pathways are increasingly being introduced into microbial hosts, and depending on the complexity of the synthetic pathway or the target products, they can enable the production of value-added chemicals from cheap feedstock. Metabolic engineering and synthetic biology efforts aimed at optimizing the existing microbial cell factories concentrate on improving heterologous pathway flux, precursor supply, and cofactor balance, as well as other aspects of cellular metabolism, to enhance the efficiency of biocatalysts. In the present review, we take a critical look at recent developments in whole-cell biocatalysis, with an emphasis on strategies applied to designing and optimizing the organisms that are increasingly modified for efficient production of chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baixue Lin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Microbial Physiological and Metabolic Engineering, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yong Tao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Microbial Physiological and Metabolic Engineering, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, People's Republic of China.
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Xu X, Chen J, Wang Q, Duan C, Li Y, Wang R, Yang S. Mutagenesis of Key Residues in the Binding Center of l-Aspartate-b-Semialdehyde Dehydrogenase from Escherichia coli Enhances Utilization of the Cofactor NAD(H). Chembiochem 2015; 17:56-64. [PMID: 26662025 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201500534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
L-Aspartate-β-semialdehyde dehydrogenase (ASADH) is a key enzyme in the aspartate pathway. In bacteria, ASADH is highly specific for the cofactor NADP(+) rather than NAD(+). Limited information on cofactor utilization is available, and neither the wild-type protein nor the available mutants could utilize NAD(+) efficiently. In this study, we identified several residues crucial for cofactor utilization by Escherichia coli ASADH (ecASADH) by mutating residues within the cofactor binding center. Among the investigated mutants, ecASADH-Q350N and ecASADH-Q350N/H171A, which exhibited markedly improved NAD(+) utilization, were further investigated by various biochemical approaches and molecular modeling. Relative to the wild type, the two mutants showed approximately 44-fold and 66-fold increases, respectively, in the constant kcat /Km of NAD(+). As desired, they could also utilize NADH efficiently to synthesize l-homoserine in cascade reactions in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoshu Xu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 300 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 300 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Qingzhuo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 300 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Chunlan Duan
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 300 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Renxiao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Sheng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 300 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China. .,Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing Technology, 30 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China.
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