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Wang L, Lee E, Barlaz MA, de Los Reyes FL. Linking microbial population dynamics in anaerobic bioreactors to food waste type and decomposition stage. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2024; 186:77-85. [PMID: 38865907 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2024.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2024] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
A key question in anaerobic microbial ecology is how microbial communities develop over different stages of waste decomposition and whether these changes are specific to waste types. We destructively sampled over time 26 replicate bioreactors cultivated on fruit/vegetable waste (FVW) and meat waste (MW) based on pre-defined waste components and composition. To characterize community shifts, we examined 16S rRNA genes from both the leachate and solid fractions of the waste. Waste decomposition occurred faster in FVW than MW, as accumulation of ammonia in MW reactors led to inhibition of methanogenesis. We identified population succession during different stages of waste decomposition and linked specific populations to different waste types. Community analyses revealed underrepresentation of methanogens in the leachate fractions, emphasizing the importance of consistent and representative sampling when characterizing microbial communities in solid waste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Wang
- Department of Civil, Construction, and Environmental Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695
| | - Eunyoung Lee
- Department of Civil, Construction, and Environmental Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695
| | - Morton A Barlaz
- Department of Civil, Construction, and Environmental Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695
| | - Francis L de Los Reyes
- Department of Civil, Construction, and Environmental Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695.
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2
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Xiao Y, Mackey HR, Tang W, Lu H, Hao T. Disentangling microbial niche balance and intermediates' trade-offs for anaerobic digestion stability and regulation. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 261:122000. [PMID: 38944003 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.122000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/01/2024]
Abstract
Anaerobic digestion (AD) is a key technology for converting organic matters to methane-rich biogas. However, nutrient imbalance can destabilize the whole digestion. To realize stable operation of AD and improve its efficiency, this work considers a new strategy to control the intermediate concentrations of poor AD under nutrient stress. For this purpose, long-term digestion under different nutrient conditions was investigated. Results showed that the feedstock with a low C/N ratio (= 6) caused VFA accumulation (2072 ± 632 mg/L), leading to the inhibition of methane production. Employing a substrate with a higher C/N ratio (= 11) and/or adding NH4HCO3 (200 mg NH4+-N/Ladd) could alleviate the VFA inhibition, but excessive dosage of NH4HCO3 would induce ammonia inhibition. Through the established digestion balance between free ammonia nitrogen (FAN) between 0 and 25 mg/L, volatile fatty acid (VFA) 510-2100 mg/L, and alkalinity (ALK) 3300-7800 mg/L, an efficient methane yield of 150-250 mL/g VS was achieved and stable operation of AD under nutrient stress (low C/N ratio) was realized. Metabolic reconstruction between Euryarchaeota sp. MAG162, Methanosarcina mazei MAG53 and Mesotoga infera MAG119 highlighted that microbial niche balance was developed as a result of digestion balance, which is beneficial for stable operation of AD. These findings improved our understanding of the interaction mechanism between intermediates and microbial niches for stability control in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihang Xiao
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Hamish R Mackey
- Department of Civil and Natural Resources Engineering, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Wentao Tang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hui Lu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tianwei Hao
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Macau, Macau, China.
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3
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Gallipoli A, Angelini F, Angelini S, Braguglia CM, Montecchio D, Tonanzi B, Gianico A. Thermally enhanced solid-liquid separation process in food waste biorefinery: modelling the anaerobic digestion of solid residues. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 12:1343396. [PMID: 38371422 PMCID: PMC10869513 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1343396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
The biochemical valorization potential of food waste (FW) could be exploited by extracting decreasing added-value bio-based products and converting the final residues into energy. In this context, multi-purpose and versatile schemes integrating thermal and biochemical conversion processes will play a key role. An upstream thermal pretreatment + solid-liquid separation unit was here proposed to optimize the conversion of the liquid fraction of FW into valuable chemicals through semi-continuous fermentation process, and the conversion of the residual solid fraction into biomethane through anaerobic digestion. The solid residues obtained after thermal pretreatment presented a higher soluble COD fraction, which resulted in higher methane production with respect to the raw residues (0.33 vs. 0.29 Nm3CH4 kg-1VSfed) and higher risk of acidification and failure of methanogenesis when operating at lower HRT (20d). On the contrary, at HRT = 40 d, the pretreatment did not affect the methane conversion rates and both tests evidenced similar methane productions of 0.33 Nm3CH4 kg-1VSfed. In the reactor fed with pretreated residue, the association of hydrogenotrophic methanogens with syntrophic bacteria prevented the acidification of the system. Modelling proved the eligibility of the FW solid residues as substrates for anaerobic digestion, given their small inert fractions that ranged between 0% and 30% of the total COD content.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Andrea Gianico
- National Research Council of Italy, Water Research Institute, CNR-IRSA, Rome, Italy
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4
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Lema NK, Gemeda MT, Woldesemayat AA. Recent Advances in Metagenomic Approaches, Applications, and Challenge. Curr Microbiol 2023; 80:347. [PMID: 37733134 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-023-03451-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Advances in metagenomics analysis with the advent of next-generation sequencing have extended our knowledge of microbial communities as compared to conventional techniques providing advanced approach to identify novel and uncultivable microorganisms based on their genetic information derived from a particular environment. Shotgun metagenomics involves investigating the DNA of the entire community without the requirement of PCR amplification. It provides access to study all genes present in the sample. On the other hand, amplicon sequencing targets taxonomically important marker genes, the analysis of which is restricted to previously known DNA sequences. While sequence-based metagenomics is used to analyze DNA sequences directly from the environment without the requirement of library construction and with limited identification of novel genes and products that can be complemented by functional genomics, function-based metagenomics requires fragmentation and cloning of extracted metagenome DNA in a suitable host with subsequent functional screening and sequencing clone for detection of a novel gene. Although advances were made in metagenomics, different challenges arise. This review provides insight into advances in the metagenomic approaches combined with next-generation sequencing, their recent applications highlighting the emerging ones, such as in astrobiology, forensic sciences, and SARS-CoV-2 infection diagnosis, and the challenges associated. This review further discusses the different types of metagenomics and outlines advancements in bioinformatics tools and their significance in the analysis of metagenomic datasets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niguse K Lema
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Addis Ababa Science and Technology University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
- Biotechnology and Bioprocess Center of Excellence, Addis Ababa Science and Technology University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
- Department of Biotechnology, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia
| | - Mesfin T Gemeda
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Addis Ababa Science and Technology University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
- Biotechnology and Bioprocess Center of Excellence, Addis Ababa Science and Technology University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Adugna A Woldesemayat
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Addis Ababa Science and Technology University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
- Biotechnology and Bioprocess Center of Excellence, Addis Ababa Science and Technology University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
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5
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Bühlmann CH, Mickan BS, Tait S, Batstone DJ, Bahri PA. Lactic acid production from food waste at an anaerobic digestion biorefinery: effect of digestate recirculation and sucrose supplementation. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1177739. [PMID: 37251566 PMCID: PMC10214416 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1177739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Low lactic acid (LA) yields from direct food waste (FW) fermentation restrict this production pathway. However, nitrogen and other nutrients within FW digestate, in combination with sucrose supplementation, may enhance LA production and improve feasibility of fermentation. Therefore, this work aimed to improve LA fermentation from FWs by supplementing nitrogen (0-400 mgN·L-1) as NH4Cl or digestate and dosing sucrose (0-150 g·L-1) as a low-cost carbohydrate. Overall, NH4Cl and digestate led to similar improvements in the rate of LA formation (0.03 ± 0.02 and 0.04 ± 0.02 h-1 for NH4Cl and digestate, respectively), but NH4Cl also improved the final concentration, though effects varied between treatments (5.2 ± 4.6 g·L-1). While digestate altered the community composition and increased diversity, sucrose minimised community diversion from LA, promoted Lactobacillus growth at all dosages, and enhanced the final LA concentration from 25 to 30 g·L-1 to 59-68 g·L-1, depending on nitrogen dosage and source. Overall, the results highlighted the value of digestate as a nutrient source and sucrose as both community controller and means to enhance the LA concentration in future LA biorefinery concepts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bede S. Mickan
- School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
- Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
- Richgro Garden Products, Jandakot, WA, Australia
| | - Stephan Tait
- Centre for Agricultural Engineering, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD, Australia
| | - Damien J. Batstone
- Australian Centre for Water and Environmental Biotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Parisa A. Bahri
- Discipline of Engineering and Energy, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia
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Ceron-Chafla P, de Vrieze J, Rabaey K, van Lier JB, Lindeboom REF. Steering the product spectrum in high-pressure anaerobic processes: CO 2 partial pressure as a novel tool in biorefinery concepts. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS AND BIOPRODUCTS 2023; 16:27. [PMID: 36803622 PMCID: PMC9938588 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-023-02262-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Elevated CO2 partial pressure (pCO2) has been proposed as a potential steering parameter for selective carboxylate production in mixed culture fermentation. It is anticipated that intermediate product spectrum and production rates, as well as changes in the microbial community, are (in)directly influenced by elevated pCO2. However, it remains unclear how pCO2 interacts with other operational conditions, namely substrate specificity, substrate-to-biomass (S/X) ratio and the presence of an additional electron donor, and what effect pCO2 has on the exact composition of fermentation products. Here, we investigated possible steering effects of elevated pCO2 combined with (1) mixed substrate (glycerol/glucose) provision; (2) subsequent increments in substrate concentration to increase the S/X ratio; and (3) formate as an additional electron donor. RESULTS Metabolite predominance, e.g., propionate vs. butyrate/acetate, and cell density, depended on interaction effects between pCO2-S/X ratio and pCO2-formate. Individual substrate consumption rates were negatively impacted by the interaction effect between pCO2-S/X ratio and were not re-established after lowering the S/X ratio and adding formate. The product spectrum was influenced by the microbial community composition, which in turn, was modified by substrate type and the interaction effect between pCO2-formate. High propionate and butyrate levels strongly correlated with Negativicutes and Clostridia predominance, respectively. After subsequent pressurized fermentation phases, the interaction effect between pCO2-formate enabled a shift from propionate towards succinate production when mixed substrate was provided. CONCLUSIONS Overall, interaction effects between elevated pCO2, substrate specificity, high S/X ratio and availability of reducing equivalents from formate, rather than an isolated pCO2 effect, modified the proportionality of propionate, butyrate and acetate in pressurized mixed substrate fermentations at the expense of reduced consumption rates and increased lag-phases. The interaction effect between elevated pCO2 and formate was beneficial for succinate production and biomass growth with a glycerol/glucose mixture as the substrate. The positive effect may be attributed to the availability of extra reducing equivalents, likely enhanced carbon fixating activity and hindered propionate conversion due to increased concentration of undissociated carboxylic acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela Ceron-Chafla
- Sanitary Engineering Section, Department of Water Management, Delft University of Technology, Stevinweg 1, 2628 CN, Delft, The Netherlands.
| | - Jo de Vrieze
- grid.5342.00000 0001 2069 7798Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Korneel Rabaey
- grid.5342.00000 0001 2069 7798Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium ,grid.510907.aCenter for Advanced Process Technology for Urban Resource Recovery (CAPTURE), Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jules B. van Lier
- grid.5292.c0000 0001 2097 4740Sanitary Engineering Section, Department of Water Management, Delft University of Technology, Stevinweg 1, 2628 CN Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Ralph E. F. Lindeboom
- grid.5292.c0000 0001 2097 4740Sanitary Engineering Section, Department of Water Management, Delft University of Technology, Stevinweg 1, 2628 CN Delft, The Netherlands
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7
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A Review of Basic Bioinformatic Techniques for Microbial Community Analysis in an Anaerobic Digester. FERMENTATION-BASEL 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation9010062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Biogas production involves various types of intricate microbial populations in an anaerobic digester (AD). To understand the anaerobic digestion system better, a broad-based study must be conducted on the microbial population. Deep understanding of the complete metagenomics including microbial structure, functional gene form, similarity/differences, and relationships between metabolic pathways and product formation, could aid in optimization and enhancement of AD processes. With advancements in technologies for metagenomic sequencing, for example, next generation sequencing and high-throughput sequencing, have revolutionized the study of microbial dynamics in anaerobic digestion. This review includes a brief introduction to the basic process of metagenomics research and includes a detailed summary of the various bioinformatics approaches, viz., total investigation of data obtained from microbial communities using bioinformatics methods to expose metagenomics characterization. This includes (1) methods of DNA isolation and sequencing, (2) investigation of anaerobic microbial communities using bioinformatics techniques, (3) application of the analysis of anaerobic microbial community and biogas production, and (4) restriction and prediction of bioinformatics analysis on microbial metagenomics. The review has been concluded, giving a summarized insight into bioinformatic tools and also promoting the future prospects of integrating humungous data with artificial intelligence and neural network software.
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8
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Haroun B, Bahreini G, Zaman M, Jang E, Okoye F, Elbeshbishy E, Santoro D, Walton J, Al-Omari A, Muller C, Bell K, Nakhla G. Vacuum-enhanced anaerobic fermentation: Achieving process intensification, thickening and improved hydrolysis and VFA yields in a single treatment step. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 220:118719. [PMID: 35704979 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.118719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This study assessed the feasibility of a novel vacuum-enhanced anaerobic digestion technology, referred to as IntensiCarbTM (IC), under mild vacuum pressure (110 mbar), compared to a control (conventional fermenter), and evaluated the impact of the vacuum on the activities of various microbial groups. Both fermenters (test and control) were operated with mixed (50% v/v) municipal sludge at solids concentrations of 2-2.5%, pH of 7.8-8.1, 40-45 °C, a theoretical solids retention time (SRT) of 3 days with different hydraulic retention times (HRT). The intensification factor (IF) of the IC, defined as SRT/HRT, was controlled at 1.3 and 2.0. Simultaneous thickening and fermentation intensification were achieved. Compared with the control, the IC, despite the shorter HRTs, achieved 29.5 to 90.2% increase in the VFA yield (79 to 116 mg ΔVFA/ g VSS vs 61 mg ΔVFA/ g VSS), and 16.2% to 56.4% increase (280 to 377 mg ΔsCOD/ g VSS vs 241 mg ΔsCOD/ g VSS), in the hydrolysis yield. Fermentate from the IC exhibited comparable specific denitrification rates to acetate. Further, the solids-free condensate contained low nutrient concentrations, and thus was far superior to a typical centrates from dewatering as a carbon source. No adverse effects of vacuum on the activity of fermentative bacteria and methanogens were observed. This study demonstrated that the IC can be deployed as an intensification technology for both fermentation and anaerobic digestion of biosolids with the additional significant advantage, i.e. elimination of sidestream ammonia treatment requirements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basem Haroun
- Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, University of Western Ontario, Canada; Water Pollution Research Department, National Research Center, 33 El Bohoth St., P.O.12622, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | | | - Masuduz Zaman
- Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, University of Western Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Frances Okoye
- Civil Engineering Department, Ryerson University, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - George Nakhla
- Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, University of Western Ontario, Canada; Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Western Ontario, Canada.
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9
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Sabba F, McNamara P, Redmond E, Ruff C, Young M, Downing L. Lab-scale data and microbial community structure suggest shortcut nitrogen removal as the predominant nitrogen removal mechanism in post-aerobic digestion (PAD). WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH : A RESEARCH PUBLICATION OF THE WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION 2022; 94:e10762. [PMID: 35809034 DOI: 10.1002/wer.10762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Implementing an aerobic digestion step after anaerobic digestion, referred to as "post aerobic digestion" (PAD), can remove ammonia without the need for an external carbon source and destroy volatile solids. While this process has been documented at the lab-scale and full-scale, the mechanism for N removal and the corresponding microbial community that carries out this process have not been established. This research gap is important to fill because the nitrogen removal pathway has implications on aeration requirements and carbon demand, that is, short-cut N-removal requires less oxygen and carbon than simultaneous nitrification-denitrification. The aims of this research were to (i) determine if nitrite (NO2 - ) or nitrate (NO3 - ) dominates following ammonia removal and (ii) characterize the microbial community from PAD reactors. Here, lab-scale PAD reactors were seeded with biomass from two different full-scale PAD reactors. The lab-scale reactors were fed with biomass from full-scale reactors and operated in batch mode to quantify nitrogen species concentrations (ammonia, NH4 + , NO2 - , and NO3 - ) over time. Experimental results revealed that NO2 - production rates were several orders of magnitude greater than NO3 - production rates. Indeed, nitrite accumulation rate (NAR) was greater than 90% at most temperatures, confirming that shortcut nitrogen removal was the dominant NH4 + removal mechanism in PAD. Microbial community analysis via 16S rRNA sequencing indicated that ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB) were much more abundant than nitrite oxidizing bacteria (NOB). Overall, this study suggests that aeration requirements for post-aerobic digestion should be based on NO2 - shunt and not complete simultaneous nitrification denitrification. PRACTITIONER POINTS: AOB are a key feature of PAD microbial communities NOB are present, but in much lower abundance than AOB High nitrite accumulation ratio suggests shortcut nitrite as the main mechanism for nitrogen removal Nitritation in PAD reactors is sustained at temperatures as high as 40°C No ammonia oxidation occurred at 50°C implying different mechanisms of nitrogen removal including ammonia stripping.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Patrick McNamara
- Black & Veatch, Overland Park, Kansas, USA
- Department of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | | | | | - Mike Young
- Trinity River Authority of Texas, Arlington, Texas, USA
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10
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Comparative Metagenomics of Anaerobic Digester Communities Reveals Sulfidogenic and Methanogenic Microbial Subgroups in Conventional and Plug Flow Residential Septic Tank Systems. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10030436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
On-site wastewater treatment systems (OWTS) are primarily monitored using physiochemical factors, including chemical oxygen demand (COD) and residual total suspended solids (TSS), which are indirect measures of the microbial action during the anaerobic digestion process. Changes in anaerobic digester microbial communities can alter the digester performance, but this information cannot be directly obtained from traditional physicochemical indicators. The potential of metagenomic DNA sequencing as a tool for taxonomic and functional profiling of microbial communities was examined in both common conventional and plug flow-type anaerobic digesters (single-pass and recirculating). Compared to conventional digesters, plug flow-type digesters had higher relative levels of sulfate-reducing bacteria (Desulfovibrio spp.) and hydrogenotrophic methanogens (Methanospirillum spp.). In contrast, recirculating anaerobic digesters were enriched with denitrifier bacteria and hydrogenotrophic methanogens, and both were significantly correlated with physicochemical factors such as COD and TSS. Stratification of microbial communities was observed along the digester treatment process according to hydrolytic, acidogenic, acetogenic, and methanogenic subgroups. These results indicate that the high-throughput DNA sequencing may be useful as a monitoring tool to characterize the changes in bacterial communities and the functional profile due to differences in digester design in on-site systems.
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11
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Tsigkou K, Terpou A, Treu L, Kougias PG, Kornaros M. Thermophilic anaerobic digestion of olive mill wastewater in an upflow packed bed reactor: Evaluation of 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing for microbial analysis. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 301:113853. [PMID: 34624575 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Olive mill wastewater, a by-product of olive oil production after the operation of three-phase decanters, was used in a thermophilic anaerobic digester targeting efficient bioconversion of its organic load into biogas. An active anaerobic inoculum originating from a mesophilic reactor, was acclimatized under thermophilic conditions and was filled into a high-rate upflow packed bed reactor. Its performance was tested towards the treatment efficacy of olive mill wastewater under thermophilic conditions reaching the minimum hydraulic retention time of 4.2 d with promising results. As analysis of the microbial communities is considered to be the key for the development of anaerobic digestion optimization techniques, the present work focused on characterizing the microbial community and its variation during the reactor's runs, via 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. Identification of new microbial species and taxonomic groups determination is of paramount importance as these representatives determine the bioprocess outcome. The current study results may contribute to further olive mill wastewater exploitation as a potential source for efficient biogas production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantina Tsigkou
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras, 1 Karatheodori Str., University Campus, 26504, Patras, Greece
| | - Antonia Terpou
- Department of Agricultural Development, Agri-food, and Natural Resources Management, School of Agricultural Development, Nutrition & Sustainability, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, GR-34400, Psachna, Greece
| | - Laura Treu
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Panagiotis G Kougias
- Soil and Water Resources Institute, Hellenic Agricultural Organisation DEMETER, 57001, Thermi, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Michael Kornaros
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras, 1 Karatheodori Str., University Campus, 26504, Patras, Greece.
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12
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Sun H, Zhang L, Zhang Y, Guo B, Liu Y. A new non-steady-state mass balance model for quantifying microbiome responses to disturbances in wastewater bioreactors. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 296:113370. [PMID: 34351289 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Herein we proposed an ecology model, based on a non-steady-state mass balance (16S rRNA MiSeq reads normalized by volatile suspended solids), to quantify microbiome responses to disturbances in wastewater bioreactors. Rather than focusing on the most abundant microbial groups commonly used in the literature, the goal of the model was to identify active species within the community. The model incorporated the temporal changes of operational taxonomic units following a disturbance, through considering the density and type of genotypes in the influent entering the bioreactor, in the effluent leaving the bioreactor, growing in the bioreactor, and in the waste sludge discharged from the bioreactor continuously or instantaneously, as well as the prior microbial community and the sludge characteristics. One application of this model demonstrated that significant differences existed between the key populations responding to an increasing organic loading rate and the dominant species in a high-rate thermophilic upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijuan Sun
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Yingdi Zhang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Bing Guo
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 1H9, Canada.
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13
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Quispe-Cardenas E, Rogers S. Microbial adaptation and response to high ammonia concentrations and precipitates during anaerobic digestion under psychrophilic and mesophilic conditions. WATER RESEARCH 2021; 204:117596. [PMID: 34530226 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2021.117596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This study explored microbial adaptation to high ammonia concentrations (<1000 mg/L to 4000 mg/L) during anaerobic digestion (AD) under psychrophilic and mesophilic conditions, the latter of which yielded precipitates facilitating investigation of microbial response. The experimental setup was performed at bench-scale using microbial consortia from four different operating anaerobic digesters treating different organic wastes (WW-wastewater sludge, MN-manure, FW- food waste and CO-co-digestion (FW & MN)). Adaptation experiments were conducted with semi-continuous flow mode to resemble large-scale operation. Metagenome and 16S RNA analysis were performed for the first time in a psychrophilic reactor during an ammonia acclimation process. These analyses were also performed in mesophilic reactor exposed to precipitates and high ammonia levels. Diversity reduced when adaptation occurred successfully from 1.1 to 4 g/L of total ammonia nitrogen (TAN) under psychrophilic conditions, while the microbial community became more diverse under mesophilic conditions with ammonia inhibition. We report for the first time Methanocorposculum as a robust hydrogenotrophic methanogen at high ammoniacal concentrations under psychrophilic conditions. Additionally, Methanosarcina was present in low and high ammoniacal concentrations in mesophilic conditions, but there was a shift in species dominance. Methanosarcina barkeri stands out as a more resilient methanogen compared to Methanosarcina mazei, which initially dominated at <1.1 g/L TAN. We also explored the effects of sudden precipitates on methanogenic communities and methane production when they occurred under mesophilic conditions in two reactors. Methane production declined by more than 50% when precipitates occurred and was accompanied by pH reduction and VFA accumulation. Diversity data corroborated that methanogens were severely reduced. These two reactors were not able to recover with 50 days of added operation, demonstrating potential for long-term negative impacts of precipitate formation on AD performance stemming from negative impact to methanogenic communities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shane Rogers
- Institute for a Sustainable Environment, Clarkson University, Potsdam 13699, NY, USA; Civil and Environmental Engineering, Clarkson University, Potsdam 13699, NY, USA.
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Investigation on the Interactive Effects between Temperature and Chemical Composition of Organic Wastes on Anaerobic Co-Digestion Performance. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9091682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Synergistic effects among different chemical components under the anaerobic co-digestion (AcoD) process played an important role in improving its performance, which might be affected by the digesting temperature. The results showed that the actual methane production (AMP) and gasification rate (GR) of 50% lipid content were the highest, and the carbohydrate and protein content should be adjusted according to the temperature. Under mesophilic conditions, the M1 reactor with high protein content (carbohydrate–lipid–protein ratio, CLP = 20:50:30) had the highest AMP of 552.02 mL/g VS and GR of 74.72%. However, as the temperature increased, the high protein content produced high levels of ammonia nitrogen (AN) and free ammonia (FA), which formed a certain degree of ammonia inhibition, resulting in lower AMP and GR. Under thermophilic conditions, the low protein T2 reactor (CLP = 40:50:10) had the highest AMP and GR at 485.45 mL/g VS and 67.18%. In addition, the M1 and T2 reactors had the highest microbial diversity, which promoted substrate degradation and methane production. In the M1 reactor, acetoclastic metabolism is the main methanogenic pathway, while in the T2 reactor changes to hydrogenotrophic metabolism. Therefore, understanding the synergistic effect between temperature and chemical compositions was an effective way to improve the AcoD effect.
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15
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Lee J, Kim E, Hwang S. Effects of inhibitions by sodium ion and ammonia and different inocula on acetate-utilizing methanogenesis: Methanogenic activity and succession of methanogens. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 334:125202. [PMID: 33957457 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Acetate-fed anaerobic sequential batch experiments with four different inhibitory conditions (non-inhibitory (Lo), sodium-ion inhibitory (Na), ammonia inhibitory (Am), combined inhibitory (Hi)) were conducted using thirteen different inocula to investigate the inhibition effects by sodium-ion and ammonia and different inocula on acetate-utilizing methanogenesis and succession of methanogens. Sodium-ion and ammonia significantly extended lag-time λ and reduced specific-methanogenic-activity RCH4, and caused synergistic inhibition. The inhibition differed according to the initial methanogen community structures: the inhibition effects on λ and RCH4 were strongest ininocula with Methanosaeta concilii dominant and weakest in inocula with Methanoculleus bourgensis dominant. These inhibitory conditions determined the succession of methanogens: the most competitive methanogens were Methanosaeta concilii in Lo, Methanosarcina sp. in Na, Methanosarcina sp. and Methanoculleus bourgensis in Am, Methanoculleus bourgensis in Hi. This study provides valuable information for microbial management and optimization for AD processes treating wastewater that is rich in protein and/or salt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joonyeob Lee
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunji Kim
- Division of Environmental Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Seokhwan Hwang
- Division of Environmental Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, Republic of Korea.
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Kakuk B, Wirth R, Maróti G, Szuhaj M, Rakhely G, Laczi K, Kovács KL, Bagi Z. Early response of methanogenic archaea to H 2 as evaluated by metagenomics and metatranscriptomics. Microb Cell Fact 2021; 20:127. [PMID: 34217274 PMCID: PMC8254922 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-021-01618-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The molecular machinery of the complex microbiological cell factory of biomethane production is not fully understood. One of the process control elements is the regulatory role of hydrogen (H2). Reduction of carbon dioxide (CO2) by H2 is rate limiting factor in methanogenesis, but the community intends to keep H2 concentration low in order to maintain the redox balance of the overall system. H2 metabolism in methanogens becomes increasingly important in the Power-to-Gas renewable energy conversion and storage technologies. RESULTS The early response of the mixed mesophilic microbial community to H2 gas injection was investigated with the goal of uncovering the first responses of the microbial community in the CH4 formation and CO2 mitigation Power-to-Gas process. The overall microbial composition changes, following a 10 min excessive bubbling of H2 through the reactor, was investigated via metagenome and metatranscriptome sequencing. The overall composition and taxonomic abundance of the biogas producing anaerobic community did not change appreciably 2 hours after the H2 treatment, indicating that this time period was too short to display differences in the proliferation of the members of the microbial community. There was, however, a substantial increase in the expression of genes related to hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis of certain groups of Archaea. As an early response to H2 exposure the activity of the hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis in the genus Methanoculleus was upregulated but the hydrogenotrophic pathway in genus Methanosarcina was downregulated. The RT-qPCR data corroborated the metatranscriptomic RESULTS: H2 injection also altered the metabolism of a number of microbes belonging in the kingdom Bacteria. Many Bacteria possess the enzyme sets for the Wood-Ljungdahl pathway. These and the homoacetogens are partners for syntrophic community interactions between the distinct kingdoms of Archaea and Bacteria. CONCLUSIONS External H2 regulates the functional activity of certain Bacteria and Archaea. The syntrophic cross-kingdom interactions in H2 metabolism are important for the efficient operation of the Power-to-Gas process. Therefore, mixed communities are recommended for the large scale Power-to-Gas process rather than single hydrogenotrophic methanogen strains. Fast and reproducible response from the microbial community can be exploited in turn-off and turn-on of the Power-to-Gas microbial cell factories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balázs Kakuk
- Institute of Medical Biology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Roland Wirth
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
- Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Center, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Gergely Maróti
- Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Center, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Márk Szuhaj
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Gábor Rakhely
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
- Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Center, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Krisztián Laczi
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Kornél L Kovács
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary.
- Department of Oral Biology and Experimental Dental Research, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary.
| | - Zoltán Bagi
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary.
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Ceron-Chafla P, Chang YT, Rabaey K, van Lier JB, Lindeboom REF. Directional Selection of Microbial Community Reduces Propionate Accumulation in Glycerol and Glucose Anaerobic Bioconversion Under Elevated pCO 2. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:675763. [PMID: 34220760 PMCID: PMC8242345 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.675763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Volatile fatty acid accumulation is a sign of digester perturbation. Previous work showed the thermodynamic limitations of hydrogen and CO2 in syntrophic propionate oxidation under elevated partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2). Here we study the effect of directional selection under increasing substrate load as a strategy to restructure the microbial community and induce cross-protection mechanisms to improve glucose and glycerol conversion performance under elevated pCO2. After an adaptive laboratory evolution (ALE) process, viable cell density increased and predominant microbial groups were modified: an increase in Methanosaeta and syntrophic propionate oxidizing bacteria (SPOB) associated with the Smithella genus was found with glycerol as the substrate. A modest increase in SPOB along with a shift in the predominance of Methanobacterium toward Methanosaeta was observed with glucose as the substrate. The evolved inoculum showed affected diversity within archaeal spp. under 5 bar initial pCO2; however, higher CH4 yield resulted from enhanced propionate conversion linked to the community shifts and biomass adaptation during the ALE process. Moreover, the evolved inoculum attained increased cell viability with glucose and a marginal decrease with glycerol as the substrate. Results showed differences in terms of carbon flux distribution using the evolved inoculum under elevated pCO2: glucose conversion resulted in a higher cell density and viability, whereas glycerol conversion led to higher propionate production whose enabled conversion reflected in increased CH4 yield. Our results highlight that limited propionate conversion at elevated pCO2 resulted from decreased cell viability and low abundance of syntrophic partners. This limitation can be mitigated by promoting alternative and more resilient SPOB and building up biomass adaptation to environmental conditions via directional selection of microbial community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela Ceron-Chafla
- Sanitary Engineering Section, Department of Water Management, Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands
| | - Yu-Ting Chang
- Sanitary Engineering Section, Department of Water Management, Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands
| | - Korneel Rabaey
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Center for Advanced Process Technology for Urban Resource Recovery, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jules B van Lier
- Sanitary Engineering Section, Department of Water Management, Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands
| | - Ralph E F Lindeboom
- Sanitary Engineering Section, Department of Water Management, Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands
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Pasalari H, Gholami M, Rezaee A, Esrafili A, Farzadkia M. Perspectives on microbial community in anaerobic digestion with emphasis on environmental parameters: A systematic review. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 270:128618. [PMID: 33121817 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
This paper review is aiming to comprehensively identify and appraise the current available knowledge on microbial composition and microbial dynamics in anaerobic digestion with focus on the interconnections between operational parameters and microbial community. We systematically searched Scopus, Web of Science, pubmed and Embase (up to August 2019) with relative keywords to identify English-language studies published in peer-reviewed journals. The data and information on anaerobic reactor configurations, operational parameters such as pretreatment methods, temperature, trace elements, ammonia, organic loading rate, and feedstock composition and their association with the microbial community and microbial dynamics were extracted from eligible articles. Of 306 potential articles, 112 studies met the present review objectives and inclusion criteria. The results indicated that both aceticlastic and hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis are dominant in anaerobic digesters and their relative composition is depending on environmental conditions. However, hydrogenotrophic methanogens are more often observed in extreme conditions due to their higher robustness compared to aceticlastic methangoens. Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes phyla are most common fermentative bacteria of the acidogenic phase. These bacteria secrete lytic enzymes to degrade organic matters and are able to survive in extreme conditions and environments due to their spores. In addition, among archaea Methanosaeta, Methanobacterium, and Methanosarcinaceae are found at high relative abundance in anaerobic digesters operated with different operational parameters. Overall, understanding the shifts in microbial composition and diversity as results of operational parameters variation in anaerobic digestion process would improve the stability and process performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasan Pasalari
- Research Center for Environmental Health Technology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR, Iran
| | - Mitra Gholami
- Research Center for Environmental Health Technology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR, Iran
| | - Abbas Rezaee
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Esrafili
- Research Center for Environmental Health Technology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR, Iran
| | - Mahdi Farzadkia
- Research Center for Environmental Health Technology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR, Iran.
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19
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Ting HNJ, Lin L, Cruz RB, Chowdhury B, Karidio I, Zaman H, Dhar BR. Transitions of microbial communities in the solid and liquid phases during high-solids anaerobic digestion of organic fraction of municipal solid waste. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 317:123951. [PMID: 32822895 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This study presents a microbiological diagnosis of a mesophilic high-solids anaerobic digestion (HSAD) system with percolate recirculation. The results demonstrated a significant decrease in microbial diversity in both the solid digestate and the liquid percolate. Also, the digestate from the top and middle sections of the digester had similar diversity, whereas the digestate from the bottom of the tank had a slightly lower diversity. These results suggest that despite percolate recirculation, substrate gradients might have developed across the system. Archaeal communities showed shifts towards known hydrogenotrophic and ammonia-tolerant methanogens (genera Methanocelleus, Methanolinea, Methanosarcina, vadin CA11, etc.), which was a consequence of decreased volatile fatty acids and increased ammonia-nitrogen levels over time. Compared to initial solid and liquid inoculum, the relative abundances of some bacteria (phyla Proteobacteria and Firmicutes) and archaea of the genus Methanosarcina changed between two phases in the opposite direction, indicating a shift of microbes between two phases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hok Nam Joey Ting
- Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Long Lin
- Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Raul Bello Cruz
- Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Bappi Chowdhury
- Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Ibrahim Karidio
- Edmonton Waste Management Centre, City of Edmonton, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Hamid Zaman
- Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada; Edmonton Waste Management Centre, City of Edmonton, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Bipro Ranjan Dhar
- Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
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20
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The significance of microbial community functions and symbiosis in enhancing methane production during anaerobic digestion: a review. Symbiosis 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s13199-020-00734-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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21
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Zhang H, Peng Y, Yang P, Wang X, Peng X, Li L. Response of process performance and microbial community to ammonia stress in series batch experiments. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 314:123768. [PMID: 32623287 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Revised: 06/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
To further clarify the key stage and microorganisms responsible for ammonia inhibition instability, three sequential batch experiments were conducted with various ammonia concentrations and different exposure modes. Acetate metabolism was most sensitive to ammonia, however, after continuous ammonia exposure, acetate metabolism was well restored by a shift in dominant microorganisms. In contrast, the metabolism of longer-chain volatile fatty acids (LCVFAs, C3-C5) was only inhibited under a high ammonia concentration (≥6000 mg/L), however, once inhibited, continuous exposure neither restored the abundance of functional microbes nor induced new microorganisms to perform metabolic functions. Therefore, LCVFA metabolism was the key stage responsible for process instability under ammonia stress. Moreover, the deterioration of LCVFA metabolism was caused by the inhibition of syntrophic acetogenic bacteria (SAB) induced by total ammonia nitrogen, rather than the feedback inhibition from methanogenesis. That is, SAB were the key microorganisms involved in process instability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - Yun Peng
- Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - Pingjin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - Xiaoming Wang
- Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - Xuya Peng
- Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - Lei Li
- Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China.
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System Performance Corresponding to Bacterial Community Succession after a Disturbance in an Autotrophic Nitrogen Removal Bioreactor. mSystems 2020; 5:5/4/e00398-20. [PMID: 32694126 PMCID: PMC7566277 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00398-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Performance of a bioreactor is affected by complex microbial consortia that regulate system functional processes. Studies so far, however, have mainly emphasized the selective pressures imposed by operational conditions (i.e., deterministic external physicochemical variables) on the microbial community as well as system performance, but have overlooked direct effects of the microbial community on system functioning. Here, using a bioreactor with ammonium as the sole substrate under controlled operational settings as a model system, we investigated succession of the bacterial community after a disturbance and its impact on nitrification and anammox (anaerobic ammonium oxidation) processes with fine-resolution time series data. System performance was quantified as the ratio of the fed ammonium converted to anammox-derived nitrogen gas (N2) versus nitrification-derived nitrate (npNO3 -). After the disturbance, the N2/npNO3 - ratio first decreased, then recovered, and finally stabilized until the end. Importantly, the dynamics of N2/npNO3 - could not be fully explained by physicochemical variables of the system. In comparison, the proportion of variation that could be explained substantially increased (tripled) when the changes in bacterial composition were taken into account. Specifically, distinct bacterial taxa tended to dominate at different successional stages, and their relative abundances could explain up to 46% of the variation in nitrogen removal efficiency. These findings add baseline knowledge of microbial succession and emphasize the importance of monitoring the dynamics of microbial consortia for understanding the variability of system performance.IMPORTANCE Dynamics of microbial communities are believed to be associated with system functional processes in bioreactors. However, few studies have provided quantitative evidence. The difficulty of evaluating direct microbe-system relationships arises from the fact that system performance is affected by convolved effects of microbiota and bioreactor operational parameters (i.e., deterministic external physicochemical forcing). Here, using fine-resolution time series data (daily sampling for 2 months) under controlled operational settings, we performed an in-depth analysis of system performance as a function of the microbial community in the context of bioreactor physicochemical conditions. We obtained statistically evaluated results supporting the idea that monitoring microbial community dynamics could improve the ability to predict system functioning, beyond what could be explained by operational physicochemical variables. Moreover, our results suggested that considering the succession of multiple bacterial taxa would account for more system variation than focusing on any particular taxon, highlighting the need to integrate microbial community ecology for understanding system functioning.
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Impact of Nanoscale Magnetite and Zero Valent Iron on the Batch-Wise Anaerobic Co-Digestion of Food Waste and Waste-Activated Sludge. WATER 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/w12051283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
As a potential approach for enhanced energy generation from anaerobic digestion, iron-based conductive nanoparticles have been proposed to enhance the methane production yield and rate. In this study, the impact of two different types of iron nanoparticles, namely the nano-zero-valent-iron particles (NZVIs) and magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoparticles (NPs) was investigated, using batch test under mesophilic conditions (35 °C). Magnetite NPs have been applied in doses of 25, 50 and 80 mg/L, corresponding to 13.1, 26.2 and 41.9 mg magnetite NPs/gTS of substrate, respectively. The results reveal that supplementing anaerobic batches with magnetite NPs at a dose of 25 mg/L induces an insignificant effect on hydrolysis and methane production. However, incubation with 50 and 80 mg/L magnetite NPs have instigated comparable positive impact with hydrolysis percentages reaching approximately 95% compared to 63% attained in control batches, in addition to a 50% enhancement in methane production yield. A biodegradability percentage of 94% was achieved with magnetite NP doses of 50 and 80 mg/L, compared to only 62.7% obtained with control incubation. NZVIs were applied in doses of 20, 40 and 60 mg/L, corresponding to 10.8, 21.5 and 32.2 mg NZVIs/gTS of substrate, respectively. The results have shown that supplementing anaerobic batches with NZVIs revealed insignificant impact, most probably due to the agglomeration of NZVI particles and consequently the reduction in available surface area, making the applied doses insufficient for measurable effect.
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Bi S, Westerholm M, Qiao W, Xiong L, Mahdy A, Yin D, Song Y, Dong R. Metabolic performance of anaerobic digestion of chicken manure under wet, high solid, and dry conditions. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 296:122342. [PMID: 31711908 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The anaerobic digestion (AD) of chicken manure as a solo substrate has been challenging due to the ammonium inhibition effects when adopting a high organic loading rate (OLR). In this study, through increasing both the total solid in the feeding materials from 5% to 20%, and the OLR from 1.7 to 7.1 g-volatile solids (VS)/(L·d), the AD of chicken manure under wet, high solid, and dry conditions, with a fixed hydraulic retention time of 20 days, was investigated. The results obtained indicated that the wet AD system could achieve a methane yield of 0.28 L/g-VS and a low volatile fatty acid level. However, the process deteriorated under dry conditions, and methane formed mainly through acetate oxidation and methanogenesis. Methanosarcina and Methanoplasma were found to be more tolerant But, whether the dry AD of chicken manure can survive an ammonia-stressed environment when the OLR is lowered, still needs investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaojie Bi
- College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; State R & D Center for Efficient Production and Comprehensive Utilization of Biobased Gaseous Fuels, Energy Authority, National Development, and Reform Committee (BGFuels), Beijing 100083, China
| | - Maria Westerholm
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala BioCenter, Box 7025, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Wei Qiao
- College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; State R & D Center for Efficient Production and Comprehensive Utilization of Biobased Gaseous Fuels, Energy Authority, National Development, and Reform Committee (BGFuels), Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Linpeng Xiong
- College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; State R & D Center for Efficient Production and Comprehensive Utilization of Biobased Gaseous Fuels, Energy Authority, National Development, and Reform Committee (BGFuels), Beijing 100083, China
| | - Ahmed Mahdy
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Zagazig University, 44511 Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Dongmin Yin
- College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; State R & D Center for Efficient Production and Comprehensive Utilization of Biobased Gaseous Fuels, Energy Authority, National Development, and Reform Committee (BGFuels), Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yunlong Song
- College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; State R & D Center for Efficient Production and Comprehensive Utilization of Biobased Gaseous Fuels, Energy Authority, National Development, and Reform Committee (BGFuels), Beijing 100083, China
| | - Renjie Dong
- College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; State R & D Center for Efficient Production and Comprehensive Utilization of Biobased Gaseous Fuels, Energy Authority, National Development, and Reform Committee (BGFuels), Beijing 100083, China
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Yasar Arafath K, Baskaralingam P, Gopinath S, Nilavunesan D, Sivanesan S. Degradation of phenol from retting-pond wastewater using anaerobic sludge reactor integrated with photo catalytic treatment. Chem Phys Lett 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2019.136727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Yang Z, Zhang L, Nie C, Hou Q, Zhang S, Pei H. Multiple anodic chambers sharing an algal raceway pond to establish a photosynthetic microbial fuel cell stack: Voltage boosting accompany wastewater treatment. WATER RESEARCH 2019; 164:114955. [PMID: 31408757 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2019.114955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2019] [Revised: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Photosynthetic microbial fuel cells (PMFCs) allow renewable energy production from wastewater. However, system scale-up is still a major challenge hindering the use of PMFCs for practical applications. Herein, a PMFC stack, which consisted of multiple anodic chambers installed in an algal raceway pond (ARP), was established to recovery energy from anaerobically digested effluent with the assistance of a prototypical capacitor circuit. The highest voltage output of the stack reached 1.4 V with four PMFC units and four capacitors. The system can produce stable voltages through controlling charging and discharging frequencies and the voltage output remained stable around 0.60 V when the time interval decreased to 2 s. During long-term operation, the highest power density of the stack with capacitors reached 2.34 W/m3, which was 77% higher than that without capacitors (1.32 W/m3). About 98% of the ammonium in the anolyte was removed, resulting from the ammonium migration effect. The dynamics of bacterial community compositions were not greatly influenced by the capacitor circuit, and the stack with capacitors had a more stable bacterial community compared to the stack without capacitors. The variations in bacterial community composition following power density changes indicated that members of the Clostridia and Betaproteobacteria were related to power generation. Bacteria affiliated to Bacteroidetes were inhibited when power density was high, though their numbers were enriched at the end of the process. This study promotes a practical method for developing the PMFC technology into real-world applications, and furthermore reveals the main bacteria that play vital roles in power generation by analysing the anodic bacterial community during the whole process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhigang Yang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China; State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Lijie Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China; State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Changliang Nie
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China; State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Qingjie Hou
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China; State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Shasha Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China; State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Haiyan Pei
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China; State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Center on Environmental Science and Technology, Jinan, 250061, China.
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27
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Seo H, Cho K, Shin J, Lee M, Park J, Lee BC, Song KG. Linking process performances and core microbial community structures in anaerobic membrane bioreactor with rotatory disk (ARMBR) system fed with high-strength food waste recycling wastewater. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 291:121918. [PMID: 31394487 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.121918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This study first evaluated the process performances and microbial community structures of anaerobic rotary membrane bioreactor (ARMBR) fed with food waste recycling wastewater (FRW). Three identical ARMBRs were operated under different organic loading rate (OLR) conditions (1.5, 3.0, and 6.0 kg COD m-3 d-1) after the same start-up periods. The start-up performances and archaeal community structures differed among the ARMBRs, probably due to the sudden OLR shock. After the start-up, bio-methane was stably produced until the end of the operational period, with all of the ARMBRs showing >95% COD removal efficiency. Methanosaeta spp. was the predominant methanogen; diverse hydrogenotrophic methanogens co-existed. Bacteroidetes-like bacteria and Candidatus Cloacamonas acted as major fermentative bacteria producing acetate or hydrogen for the growth of methanogens. The results suggest that our ARMBR system can be a promising option to manage high-strength organic wastewater such as FRW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunduk Seo
- Water Cycle Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungjin Cho
- Water Cycle Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaewon Shin
- Water Cycle Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea; School of Civil, Environmental & Architectural Engineering, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Minjoo Lee
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Joonhong Park
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Chan Lee
- Department of Civil Engineering and Landscape Architecture, Suncheon Jeil College, 17 Jeildaehak-gil, Suncheon, Cheonnam 57997, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Guen Song
- Water Cycle Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea.
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28
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Kim M, Abdulazeez M, Haroun BM, Nakhla G, Keleman M. Microbial communities in co-digestion of food wastes and wastewater biosolids. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 289:121580. [PMID: 31207413 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.121580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Revised: 05/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The effect of food waste (FW) co-digestion with wastewater biosolids (WWB) on microbial communities was investigated through running thirteen lab-scale digesters for 100 days at different operational conditions i.e. organic loading rates (2 and 4 kgCOD/m3·day), feed types (WWB and FW), and FW content (10%, 90%, 100%). Compared with mono-digestion of WWB, FW co-digestion enhanced biogas production by 13% and COD degradation rates by up to 101%. Among fermentative bacteria/acetogens, Syntrophomonas was the dominant genus in FW digesters in contrast to the dominance of Clostridium in WWB digesters. The predominant methanogen was Methanosarcina in FW digesters in contrast to Methanosaeta in WWB digesters. COD degradation rates and methane yields were well correlated with Bacteroidetes population. Methane production rate was well correlated with Clostridium for FW digesters, with syntrophs for WWB digesters, and with aceticlastic methanogens for both digesters. Synergism was associated with hydrolytic bacteria, Clostridium, Syntrophomonas, syntrophs, Methanosarcina, and Methanobacterium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingu Kim
- Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 5B9, Canada
| | - Mariam Abdulazeez
- Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 5B9, Canada
| | - Basem M Haroun
- Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 5B9, Canada
| | - George Nakhla
- Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 5B9, Canada; Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 5B9, Canada.
| | - Michael Keleman
- Emerson Electric Co., 8000 West Florissant Avenue, S. Louis, MO 63136, United States
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29
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Amha YM, Corbett M, Smith AL. Two-Phase Improves Performance of Anaerobic Membrane Bioreactor Treatment of Food Waste at High Organic Loading Rates. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2019; 53:9572-9583. [PMID: 31356076 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b02639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic membrane bioreactors (AnMBRs) are in use at the full-scale for energy recovery from food waste (FW). In this study, the potential for two-phase (acid/gas) AnMBR treatment of FW was investigated as a strategy to increase microbial diversity, thereby improving performance. Two bench-scale AnMBRs were operated in single-phase (SP) and two-phase (TP) mode across incremental increases in organic loading rate (OLR) from 2.5 to 15 g total chemical oxygen demand (COD) L·d-1. The TP acid-phase (TP-AP) enriched total VFAs by 3-fold compared to influent FW and harbored a distinct microbial community enriched in fermenters that thrived in the low pH environment. The TP methane phase (TP-MP) showed increased methane production and resilience relative to SP as OLR increased from 3.5 to 10 g COD L·d-1. SP showed signs of inhibition (i.e., rapid decrease in methane production per OLR) at 10 g COD L·d-1, whereas both systems were inhibited at 15 g COD L·d-1. At 10 g COD L·d-1, where the highest difference in performance was observed (20.3% increase in methane production), activity of syntrophic bacteria in TP-MP was double that of SP. Our results indicate that AnMBRs in TP mode could effectively treat FW at OLRs up to 10 g COD·L day-1 by improving hydrolysis rates, microbial diversity, and syntroph activity, and enriching resistant communities to high OLRs relative to AnMBRs in SP mode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yamrot M Amha
- Astani Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering , University of Southern California , 3620 South Vermont Avenue , Los Angeles , California 90089 , United States
| | - Michael Corbett
- Divert, Inc. , 23 Bradford Street, 3rd Floor , Concord , Massachusetts 01742 , United States
| | - Adam L Smith
- Astani Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering , University of Southern California , 3620 South Vermont Avenue , Los Angeles , California 90089 , United States
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30
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Impact of the inoculum composition on the structure of the total and active community and its performance in identically operated anaerobic reactors. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 103:9191-9203. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-019-10041-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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31
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Tan L, Nishimura H, Wang YF, Sun ZY, Tang YQ, Kida K, Morimura S. Effect of organic loading rate on thermophilic methane fermentation of stillage eluted from ethanol fermentation of waste paper and kitchen waste. J Biosci Bioeng 2019; 127:582-588. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2018.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Revised: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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32
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Alfaro N, Fdz-Polanco M, Fdz-Polanco F, Díaz I. H 2 addition through a submerged membrane for in-situ biogas upgrading in the anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 280:1-8. [PMID: 30743054 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.01.135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Revised: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In-situ upgrading of biogas in a mesophilic anaerobic digester of sewage sludge by sparging H2 through a membrane was studied. Large gas recirculation rates were required to facilitate H2 transfer to the bulk liquid phase; at ∼200 L Lreactor-1 d-1, H2 utilization efficiency averaged 94% and the specific CH4 production increased from 0.38 L Lreactor-1 d-1, during conventional digestion, to 0.54 L Lreactor-1 d-1. Sludge digestion was not compromised by elevated H2 partial pressure nor by the associated rise in the pH (8.1) because of CO2 removal. In this regard, VFA accumulation was not detected and the performance of VS removal was similar to the observed without H2 supply. Microbial analysis revealed that homoacetogens were outcompeted by hydrogenotrophic methanogens. Methanoculleus sp., Methanospirillum sp., Methanolinea sp. and Methanobacterium sp. were the hydrogenotrophic archaea present over the experiment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Alfaro
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology, Escuela de Ingenierías Industriales, Sede Dr. Mergelina, University of Valladolid, Dr. Mergelina s/n, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - María Fdz-Polanco
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology, Escuela de Ingenierías Industriales, Sede Dr. Mergelina, University of Valladolid, Dr. Mergelina s/n, 47011 Valladolid, Spain; Institute of Sustainable Processes, University of Valladolid, Dr. Mergelina s/n, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Fernando Fdz-Polanco
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology, Escuela de Ingenierías Industriales, Sede Dr. Mergelina, University of Valladolid, Dr. Mergelina s/n, 47011 Valladolid, Spain; Institute of Sustainable Processes, University of Valladolid, Dr. Mergelina s/n, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Israel Díaz
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology, Escuela de Ingenierías Industriales, Sede Dr. Mergelina, University of Valladolid, Dr. Mergelina s/n, 47011 Valladolid, Spain; Institute of Sustainable Processes, University of Valladolid, Dr. Mergelina s/n, 47011 Valladolid, Spain.
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33
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Buhlmann CH, Mickan BS, Jenkins SN, Tait S, Kahandawala TKA, Bahri PA. Ammonia stress on a resilient mesophilic anaerobic inoculum: Methane production, microbial community, and putative metabolic pathways. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 275:70-77. [PMID: 30579103 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Revised: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Short term inhibition tests, 16S rRNA tag sequencing and Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities by Reconstruction of Unobserved States (PICRUSt), were employed to visualise the effects of increasing total ammoniacal nitrogen (TAN) concentration (3400-10166 ppm TAN) on microbial community structure and metabolic pathways for acetate degradation. The rate of methane production on acetate was significantly reduced by TAN concentrations above 6133 ppm; however, methane continued to be produced, even at 10166 ppm TAN (0.026 ± 0.0003 gCOD.gVS-1inoculum.day-1). Hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis with syntrophic acetate oxidation (SAO) was identified as the dominant pathway for methane production. A shift towards SAO pathways at higher TAN concentrations and a decrease in the number of 'gene hits' for key genes in specific methanogenesis pathways was observed. Overall, the results highlighted potential for inhibition activity testing to be used together with PICRUSt, to estimate changes in microbial metabolism and to better understand microbial resilience in industrial AD facilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher H Buhlmann
- Murdoch University School of Engineering and Information Technology, Murdoch University, 90 South St, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia.
| | - Bede S Mickan
- UWA School of Agriculture and Environment (M079), The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia; The UWA Institute of Agriculture (M082), The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia; Richgro Garden Products, 203 Acourt Rd, Jandakot, WA 6164, Australia
| | - Sasha N Jenkins
- UWA School of Agriculture and Environment (M079), The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia; The UWA Institute of Agriculture (M082), The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Stephan Tait
- Centre for Agricultural Engineering, The University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD 4350, Australia
| | - Tharanga K A Kahandawala
- UWA School of Agriculture and Environment (M079), The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Parisa A Bahri
- Murdoch University School of Engineering and Information Technology, Murdoch University, 90 South St, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
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34
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Svensson K, Paruch L, Gaby JC, Linjordet R. Feeding frequency influences process performance and microbial community composition in anaerobic digesters treating steam exploded food waste. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 269:276-284. [PMID: 30193211 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.08.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Revised: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In anaerobic digestion, studies of feeding frequency have produced conflicting results. Hence, the effect of feeding frequency on process variables and microbial community structure was investigated by comparing a laboratory-scale digester fed steam exploded food waste 10 times daily vs. one fed an equivalent amount once daily. The Frequently Fed Digester (FFD) produced on average 20% more methane and had lower effluent concentrations of long-chain fatty acids. Greater daily fluctuations in acetate, pH and biogas production rate could explain the lower specific methane yield and β-oxidation. Feeding frequency also influenced the microbial community whereby Tenericutes (42%) dominated in FFD but Firmicutes (31%) was most abundant in the Daily Fed Digester (DFD). Feeding frequency effects are therefore postulated to occur more often in digesters fed labile feedstocks at high organic loading rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kine Svensson
- NIBIO, Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research, P.O. Box 115, N-1431 Ås, Norway.
| | - Lisa Paruch
- NIBIO, Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research, P.O. Box 115, N-1431 Ås, Norway
| | - John Christian Gaby
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
| | - Roar Linjordet
- NIBIO, Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research, P.O. Box 115, N-1431 Ås, Norway
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35
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Bonk F, Popp D, Weinrich S, Sträuber H, Kleinsteuber S, Harms H, Centler F. Intermittent fasting for microbes: how discontinuous feeding increases functional stability in anaerobic digestion. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2018; 11:274. [PMID: 30323859 PMCID: PMC6173896 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-018-1279-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 09/29/2018] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Demand-driven biogas production could play an important role for future sustainable energy supply. However, feeding a biogas reactor according to energy demand may lead to organic overloading and, thus, to process failures. To minimize this risk, digesters need to be actively steered towards containing more robust microbial communities. This study focuses on acetogenesis and methanogenesis as crucial process steps for avoiding acidification. We fed lab-scale anaerobic digesters with volatile fatty acids under various feeding regimes and disturbances. The resulting microbial communities were analyzed on DNA and RNA level by terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism of the mcrA gene, 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing, and a [2-13C]-acetate assay. A modified Anaerobic Digestion Model 1 (ADM1) that distinguishes between the acetoclastic methanogens Methanosaeta and Methanosarcina was developed and fitted using experimental abiotic and biotic process parameters. RESULTS Discontinuous feeding led to more functional resilience than continuous feeding, without loss in process efficiency. This was attributed to a different microbial community composition. Methanosaeta dominated the continuously fed reactors, while its competitor Methanosarcina was washed out. With discontinuous feeding, however, the fluctuating acetic acid concentrations provided niches to grow and co-exist for both organisms as shown by transcription analysis of the mcrA gene. Our model confirmed the higher functional resilience due to the higher abundance of Methanosarcina based on its higher substrate uptake rate and higher resistance to low pH values. Finally, we applied our model to maize silage as a more complex and practically relevant substrate and showed that our model is likely transferable to the complete AD process. CONCLUSIONS The composition of the microbial community determined the AD functional resilience against organic overloading in our experiments. In particular, communities with higher share of Methanosarcina showed higher process stability. The share of these microorganisms can be purposefully increased by discontinuous feeding. A model was developed that enables derivation of the necessary feeding regime for a more robust community with higher share of Methanosarcina.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Bonk
- Department of Environmental Microbiology, UFZ–Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Denny Popp
- Department of Environmental Microbiology, UFZ–Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sören Weinrich
- Biochemical Conversion Department, DBFZ Deutsches Biomasseforschungszentrum Gemeinnützige GmbH, Torgauer Str. 116, 04347 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Heike Sträuber
- Department of Environmental Microbiology, UFZ–Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sabine Kleinsteuber
- Department of Environmental Microbiology, UFZ–Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Hauke Harms
- Department of Environmental Microbiology, UFZ–Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Florian Centler
- Department of Environmental Microbiology, UFZ–Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
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Lee J, Kim E, Han G, Tongco JV, Shin SG, Hwang S. Microbial communities underpinning mesophilic anaerobic digesters treating food wastewater or sewage sludge: A full-scale study. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 259:388-397. [PMID: 29579691 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.03.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2018] [Revised: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/10/2018] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Ten mesophilic full-scale anaerobic digesters treating food wastewater (FW-digesters) or sewage sludge (SL-digesters) were monitored for 1 year to investigate: (1) microbial communities underpinning FW-digesters and SL-digesters, (2) the effects of total ammonia-nitrogen concentration [TAN] and Na+ concentration [Na+] on variations of these communities. [TAN] and [Na+] in the digester varied among digesters: 1.7-6.5 g TAN/L and 1.0-3.6 g Na+/L for the FW-digesters, and 0.1-2.2 g TAN/L and 0.1-1.2 g Na+/L for the SL-digesters; [TAN] negatively correlated with the process efficiency of the FW-digesters. Microbial communities were less diverse in the FW-digesters than in the SL-digesters. The FW- and SL-digesters formed very distinct microbial community structures; [TAN] and [Na+] in the digester were the critical factors shaping these structures. Immigrant bacteria from influent sludge significantly influence the bacterial communities of the SL-digesters. Methanoculleus might be tolerant to high ammonia in AD of such organic wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joonyeob Lee
- Division of Environmental Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunji Kim
- Division of Environmental Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyuseong Han
- Division of Environmental Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Jovale Vincent Tongco
- Division of Environmental Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Gu Shin
- Department of Energy Engineering, Future Convergence Technology Research Institute, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology (GNTECH), Jinju, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Seokhwan Hwang
- Division of Environmental Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea.
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37
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Choi JM, Han SK, Lee CY. Enhancement of methane production in anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge by thermal hydrolysis pretreatment. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 259:207-213. [PMID: 29554601 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.02.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2017] [Revised: 02/25/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This study was performed to optimize thermal hydrolysis pretreatment (THP) of sewage sludge for enhanced anaerobic digestion (AD). Using the response surface methodology (RSM), the optimal conditions were found 180 °C of reaction temperature and 76 min of reaction time. Through THP under optimal conditions, high molecular substances in sewage sludge such as soluble microbial by-products (SMPs) and extracellular polymeric substances (EPSs) were hydrolyzed into low molecular ones without the generation of refractory compounds. The microbial community analysis revealed that relative abundances of Methanomicrobia such as Methanosarcina, Methanosaeta (acetoclastic methanogens), and Methanoculleus (hydrogenotrophic methanogens) in AD with THP were higher than those in conventional AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Min Choi
- Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Suwon, Hwaseong, Gyeonggi 18323, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Kee Han
- Department of Environmental Health, Korea National Open University, Seoul 03087, Republic of Korea
| | - Chae-Young Lee
- Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Suwon, Hwaseong, Gyeonggi 18323, Republic of Korea.
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38
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New concepts in anaerobic digestion processes: recent advances and biological aspects. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 102:5065-5076. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-018-9039-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Revised: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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39
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Nzeteu CO, Trego AC, Abram F, O’Flaherty V. Reproducible, high-yielding, biological caproate production from food waste using a single-phase anaerobic reactor system. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2018; 11:108. [PMID: 29651303 PMCID: PMC5894149 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-018-1101-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 03/31/2018] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nowadays, the vast majority of chemicals are either synthesised from fossil fuels or are extracted from agricultural commodities. However, these production approaches are not environmentally and economically sustainable, as they result in the emission of greenhouse gases and they may also compete with food production. Because of the global agreement to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, there is an urgent interest in developing alternative sustainable sources of chemicals. In recent years, organic waste streams have been investigated as attractive and sustainable feedstock alternatives. In particular, attention has recently focused on the production of caproate from mixed culture fermentation of low-grade organic residues. The current approaches for caproate synthesis from organic waste are not economically attractive, as they involve the use of two-stage anaerobic digestion systems and the supplementation of external electron donors, both of which increase its production costs. This study investigates the feasibility of producing caproate from food waste (FW) without the supplementation of external electron donors using a single-phase reactor system. RESULTS Replicate leach-bed reactors were operated on a semi-continuous mode at organic loading of 80 g VS FW l-1 and at solid retention times of 14 and 7 days. Fermentation, rather than hydrolysis, was the limiting step for caproate production. A higher caproate production yield 21.86 ± 0.57 g COD l-1 was achieved by diluting the inoculating leachate at the beginning of each run and by applying a leachate recirculation regime. The mixed culture batch fermentation of the FW leachate was able to generate 23 g caproate COD l-1 (10 g caproate l-1), at a maximum rate of 3 g caproate l-1 day-1 under high H2 pressure. Lactate served as the electron donor and carbon source for the synthesis of caproate. Microbial community analysis suggested that neither Clostridium kluyveri nor Megasphaera elsdenii, which are well-characterised caproate producers in bioreactors systems, were strongly implicated in the synthesis of caproate, but that rather Clostridium sp. with 99% similarity to Ruminococcaceae bacterium CPB6 and Clostridium sp. MT1 likely played key roles in the synthesis of caproate. This finding indicates that the microbial community capable of caproate synthesis could be diverse and may therefore help in maintaining a stable and robust process. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that future, full-scale, high-rate caproate production from carbohydrate-rich wastes, associated with biogas recovery, could be envisaged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corine Orline Nzeteu
- Microbial Ecology Laboratory, Microbiology, School of Natural Sciences and Ryan Institute, National University of Ireland (NUI), Galway, Ireland
| | - Anna Christine Trego
- Microbial Communities Lab, Microbiology, School of Natural Sciences, National University of Ireland (NUI), Galway, Ireland
| | - Florence Abram
- Functional Environmental Microbiology, Microbiology, School of Natural Sciences, National University of Ireland (NUI), Galway, Ireland
| | - Vincent O’Flaherty
- Microbial Ecology Laboratory, Microbiology, School of Natural Sciences and Ryan Institute, National University of Ireland (NUI), Galway, Ireland
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Effect of endogenous hydrogen utilization on improved methane production in an integrated microbial electrolysis cell and anaerobic digestion: Employing catalyzed stainless steel mesh cathode. Chin J Chem Eng 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjche.2017.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Li L, Peng X, Wang X, Wu D. Anaerobic digestion of food waste: A review focusing on process stability. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 248:20-28. [PMID: 28711296 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Revised: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Food waste (FW) is rich in biomass energy, and increasing numbers of national programs are being established to recover energy from FW using anaerobic digestion (AD). However process instability is a common operational issue for AD of FW. Process monitoring and control as well as microbial management can be used to control instability and increase the energy conversion efficiency of anaerobic digesters. Here, we review research progress related to these methods and identify existing limitations to efficient AD; recommendations for future research are also discussed. Process monitoring and control are suitable for evaluating the current operational status of digesters, whereas microbial management can facilitate early diagnosis and process optimization. Optimizing and combining these two methods are necessary to improve AD efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Li
- Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - Xuya Peng
- Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China.
| | - Xiaoming Wang
- Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - Di Wu
- Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
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Han R, Yuan Y, Cao Q, Li Q, Chen L, Zhu D, Liu D. PCR-DGGE Analysis on Microbial Community Structure of Rural Household Biogas Digesters in Qinghai Plateau. Curr Microbiol 2017; 75:541-549. [PMID: 29234881 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-017-1414-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
To investigate contribution of environmental factor(s) to microbial community structure(s) involved in rural household biogas fermentation at Qinghai Plateau, we collected slurry samples from 15 digesters, with low-temperature working conditions (11.1-15.7 °C) and evenly distributed at three counties (Datong, Huangyuan, and Ledu) with cold plateau climate, to perform polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE) and further sequencing. The bacterial communities in the total 15 digesters were classified into 38 genera with Mangroviflexus (12.1%) as the first dominant, and the archaeal communities into ten genera with Methanogenium (38.5%) as the most dominant. For each county, the digesters with higher biogas production, designated as HP digesters, exclusively had 1.6-3.1 °C higher fermentation temperature and the unique bacterial structure composition related, i.e., unclassified Clostridiales for all the HP digesters and unclassified Marinilabiliaceae and Proteiniclasticum for Ledu HP digesters. Regarding archaeal structure composition, Methanogenium exhibited significantly higher abundances at all the HP digesters and Thermogymnomonas was the unique species only identified at Ledu HP digesters with higher-temperature conditions. Redundancy analysis also confirmed the most important contribution of temperature to the microbial community structures investigated. This report emphasized the correlation between temperature and specific microbial community structure(s) that would benefit biogas production of rural household digesters at Qinghai Plateau.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Han
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, Hubei, China.,Qinghai Key Laboratory of Vegetable Genetics and Physiology, Academy of Agriculture and Forestry, Qinghai University, Xining, 810016, Qinghai, China
| | - Yongze Yuan
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, Hubei, China
| | - Qianwen Cao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, Hubei, China
| | - Quanhui Li
- Qinghai Key Laboratory of Vegetable Genetics and Physiology, Academy of Agriculture and Forestry, Qinghai University, Xining, 810016, Qinghai, China
| | - Laisheng Chen
- Qinghai Key Laboratory of Vegetable Genetics and Physiology, Academy of Agriculture and Forestry, Qinghai University, Xining, 810016, Qinghai, China
| | - Derui Zhu
- Research Center of Basic Medical Sciences, Qinghai University Medical College, Xining, 810006, Qinghai, China.
| | - Deli Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, Hubei, China.
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Lee J, Shin SG, Han G, Koo T, Hwang S. Bacteria and archaea communities in full-scale thermophilic and mesophilic anaerobic digesters treating food wastewater: Key process parameters and microbial indicators of process instability. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 245:689-697. [PMID: 28917104 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Revised: 09/02/2017] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In this study, four different mesophilic and thermophilic full-scale anaerobic digesters treating food wastewater (FWW) were monitored for 1-2years in order to investigate: 1) microbial communities underpinning anaerobic digestion of FWW, 2) significant factors shaping microbial community structures, and 3) potential microbial indicators of process instability. Twenty-seven bacterial genera were identified as abundant bacteria underpinning the anaerobic digestion of FWW. Methanosaeta harundinacea, M. concilii, Methanoculleus bourgensis, M. thermophilus, and Methanobacterium beijingense were revealed as dominant methanogens. Bacterial community structures were clearly differentiated by digesters; archaeal community structures of each digester were dominated by one or two methanogen species. Temperature, ammonia, propionate, Na+, and acetate in the digester were significant factors shaping microbial community structures. The total microbial populations, microbial diversity, and specific bacteria genera showed potential as indicators of process instability in the anaerobic digestion of FWW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joonyeob Lee
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Gu Shin
- Department of Energy Engineering, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology (GNTECH), Jinju, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyuseong Han
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Taewoan Koo
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Seokhwan Hwang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea.
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He Q, Li L, Zhao X, Qu L, Wu D, Peng X. Investigation of foaming causes in three mesophilic food waste digesters: reactor performance and microbial analysis. Sci Rep 2017; 7:13701. [PMID: 29057910 PMCID: PMC5651842 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-14258-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Foaming negatively affects anaerobic digestion of food waste (FW). To identify the causes of foaming, reactor performance and microbial community dynamics were investigated in three mesophilic digesters treating FW. The digesters were operated under different modes, and foaming was induced with several methods. Proliferation of specific bacteria and accumulation of surface active materials may be the main causes of foaming. Volatile fatty acids (VFAs) and total ammonia nitrogen (TAN) accumulated in these reactors before foaming, which may have contributed to foam formation by decreasing the surface tension of sludge and increasing foam stability. The relative abundance of acid-producing bacteria (Petrimonas, Fastidiosipila, etc.) and ammonia producers (Proteiniphilum, Gelria, Aminobacterium, etc.) significantly increased after foaming, which explained the rapid accumulation of VFAs and NH4+ after foaming. In addition, the proportions of microbial genera known to contribute to foam formation and stabilization significantly increased in foaming samples, including bacteria containing mycolic acid in cell walls (Actinomyces, Corynebacterium, etc.) and those capable of producing biosurfactants (Corynebacterium, Lactobacillus, 060F05-B-SD-P93, etc.). These findings improve the understanding of foaming mechanisms in FW digesters and provide a theoretical basis for further research on effective suppression and early warning of foaming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin He
- Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, PR China
| | - Lei Li
- Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, PR China
| | - Xiaofei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, PR China
| | - Li Qu
- Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, PR China
| | - Di Wu
- Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, PR China
| | - Xuya Peng
- Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, PR China.
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Amha YM, Sinha P, Lagman J, Gregori M, Smith AL. Elucidating microbial community adaptation to anaerobic co-digestion of fats, oils, and grease and food waste. WATER RESEARCH 2017; 123:277-289. [PMID: 28672212 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2017.06.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Revised: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Despite growing interest in co-digestion and demonstrated process improvements (e.g., enhanced stability and biogas production), few studies have evaluated how co-digestion impacts the anaerobic digestion (AD) microbiome. Three sequential bench-scale respirometry experiments were conducted at thermophilic temperature (50 °C) with various combinations of primary sludge (PS); thickened waste activated sludge (TWAS); fats, oils, and grease (FOG); and food waste (FW). Two additional runs were then performed to evaluate microbial inhibition at higher organic fractions of FOG (30-60% volatile solids loading (VSL; v/v)). Co-digestion of PS, TWAS, FOG, and FW resulted in a 26% increase in methane production relative to digestion of PS and TWAS. A substantial lag time was observed in biogas production for vessels with FOG addition that decreased by more than half in later runs, likely due to adaptation of the microbial community. 30% FOG with 10% FW showed the highest increase in methane production, increasing 53% compared to digestion of PS and TWAS. FOG addition above 50% VSL was found to be inhibitory with and without FW addition and resulted in volatile fatty acid (VFA) accumulation. Methane production was linked with high relative activity and abundance of syntrophic fatty-acid oxidizers alongside hydrogenotrophic methanogens, signaling the importance of interspecies interactions in AD. Specifically, relative activity of Syntrophomonas was significantly correlated with methane production. Further, methane production increased over subsequent runs along with methyl coenzyme M reductase (mcrA) gene expression, a functional gene in methanogens, suggesting temporal adaptation of the microbial community to co-digestion substrate mixtures. The study demonstrated the benefits of co-digestion in terms of performance enhancement and enrichment of key active microbial populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yamrot M Amha
- Astani Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Southern California, 3620 South Vermont Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Pooja Sinha
- Astani Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Southern California, 3620 South Vermont Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Jewls Lagman
- Astani Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Southern California, 3620 South Vermont Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Matt Gregori
- Divert, Inc., 23 Bradford Street, Concord, MA 01742, USA; Southern California Gas Company, 555 West Fifth Street, Los Angeles, CA 90013, USA
| | - Adam L Smith
- Astani Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Southern California, 3620 South Vermont Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA.
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Dang Y, Sun D, Woodard TL, Wang LY, Nevin KP, Holmes DE. Stimulation of the anaerobic digestion of the dry organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW) with carbon-based conductive materials. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 238:30-38. [PMID: 28433915 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Revised: 04/02/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Growth of bacterial and archaeal species capable of interspecies electron exchange was stimulated by addition of conductive materials (carbon cloth or granular activated carbon (GAC)) to anaerobic digesters treating dog food (a substitute for the dry-organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW)). Methane production (772-1428mmol vs <80mmol), volatile solids removal (78%-81% vs 54%-64%) and COD removal efficiencies (∼80% vs 20%-30%) were all significantly higher in reactors amended with GAC or carbon cloth than controls. OFMSW degradation was also significantly accelerated and VFA concentrations were substantially lower in reactors amended with conductive materials. These results suggest that both conductive materials (carbon cloth and GAC) can promote conversion of OFMSW to methane even in the presence of extremely high VFA concentrations (∼500mM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Dang
- Department of Microbiology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Morril IV N Science Center, Amherst, MA 01003, USA; Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control and Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Dezhi Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control and Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Trevor L Woodard
- Department of Microbiology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Morril IV N Science Center, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Li-Ying Wang
- Department of Microbiology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Morril IV N Science Center, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Kelly P Nevin
- Department of Microbiology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Morril IV N Science Center, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Dawn E Holmes
- Department of Microbiology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Morril IV N Science Center, Amherst, MA 01003, USA; Department of Physical and Biological Sciences, Western New England University, 1215 Wilbraham Rd, Springfield, MA 01119, USA
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Characteristics of Pollutants and Microbial Communities Obtained in Simulated Lysimeters of Swine Carcasses. SUSTAINABILITY 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/su9030471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Kim M, Chowdhury MMI, Nakhla G, Keleman M. Synergism of co-digestion of food wastes with municipal wastewater treatment biosolids. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2017; 61:473-483. [PMID: 27789104 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2016.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Revised: 09/20/2016] [Accepted: 10/09/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Five semi-continuous flow anaerobic digesters treating a mixture of food waste (FW) and municipal biosolids (primary sludge and thickened wasted activated sludge) at an solids retention time (SRT) of 20 days and different blend ratios i.e. 0, 10%, 20%, 40% by volume with the fifth digester treating only biosolids at the same COD/N ratio as the 40% FW digester were operated to investigate co-digestion performance. Sixty days of steady-state operation at organic loading rates (OLR) of 2.2-3.85kgCOD/m3/d showed that COD removals were higher for the three co-digesters than for the two municipal biosolids digesters i.e. 61-69% versus 47-52%. Specific methane production per influent CODs were 1.3-1.8 folds higher in co-digestion than mono-digestion. The first-order COD degradation kinetic constants for co-digestion were more than double the mono-digestion. Additional methane production through synergism accounted for a minimum of 18-20% of the overall methane production. The estimated non-biodegradable fraction of the FW particulate COD was 7.3%. However, the co-digesters discharged 1.23-1.64 times higher soluble nitrogen than the control.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kim
- Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 5B9, Canada
| | - M M I Chowdhury
- Civil and Environmental Engineering, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 5B9, Canada
| | - G Nakhla
- Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 5B9, Canada; Civil and Environmental Engineering, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 5B9, Canada.
| | - M Keleman
- InSinkErator, Emerson Commercial & Residential Solutions, 4700 21st Street, Racine, WI 53406-5031, United States
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Sun ZY, Liu K, Tan L, Tang YQ, Kida K. Development of an efficient anaerobic co-digestion process for garbage, excreta, and septic tank sludge to create a resource recycling-oriented society. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2017; 61:188-194. [PMID: 27876289 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2016.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Revised: 10/15/2016] [Accepted: 11/10/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In order to develop a resource recycling-oriented society, an efficient anaerobic co-digestion process for garbage, excreta and septic tank sludge was studied based on the quantity of each biomass waste type discharged in Ooki machi, Japan. The anaerobic digestion characteristics of garbage, excreta and 5-fold condensed septic tank sludge (hereafter called condensed sludge) were determined separately. In single-stage mesophilic digestion, the excreta with lower C/N ratios yielded lower biogas volumes and accumulated higher volumes of volatile fatty acid (VFA). On the other hand, garbage allowed for a significantly larger volatile total solid (VTS) digestion efficiency as well as biogas yield by thermophilic digestion. Thus, a two-stage anaerobic co-digestion process consisting of thermophilic liquefaction and mesophilic digestion phases was proposed. In the thermophilic liquefaction of mixed condensed sludge and household garbage (wet mass ratio of 2.2:1), a maximum VTS loading rate of 24g/L/d was achieved. In the mesophilic digestion of mixed liquefied material and excreta (wet mass ratio of 1:1), biogas yield reached approximately 570ml/g-VTS fed with a methane content of 55% at a VTS loading rate of 1.0g/L/d. The performance of the two-stage process was evaluated by comparing it with a single-stage process in which biomass wastes were treated separately. Biogas production by the two-stage process was found to increase by approximately 22.9%. These results demonstrate the effectiveness of a two-stage anaerobic co-digestion process in enhancement of biogas production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao-Yong Sun
- College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, No. 24 South Section 1, First Ring Road, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, China
| | - Kai Liu
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
| | - Li Tan
- College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, No. 24 South Section 1, First Ring Road, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, China
| | - Yue-Qin Tang
- College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, No. 24 South Section 1, First Ring Road, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, China
| | - Kenji Kida
- College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, No. 24 South Section 1, First Ring Road, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, China; Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan.
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Food Waste to Energy: An Overview of Sustainable Approaches for Food Waste Management and Nutrient Recycling. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:2370927. [PMID: 28293629 PMCID: PMC5331173 DOI: 10.1155/2017/2370927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Revised: 12/29/2016] [Accepted: 01/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Food wastage and its accumulation are becoming a critical problem around the globe due to continuous increase of the world population. The exponential growth in food waste is imposing serious threats to our society like environmental pollution, health risk, and scarcity of dumping land. There is an urgent need to take appropriate measures to reduce food waste burden by adopting standard management practices. Currently, various kinds of approaches are investigated in waste food processing and management for societal benefits and applications. Anaerobic digestion approach has appeared as one of the most ecofriendly and promising solutions for food wastes management, energy, and nutrient production, which can contribute to world's ever-increasing energy requirements. Here, we have briefly described and explored the different aspects of anaerobic biodegrading approaches for food waste, effects of cosubstrates, effect of environmental factors, contribution of microbial population, and available computational resources for food waste management researches.
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