1
|
Butz H, Patócs A, Igaz P. Circulating non-coding RNA biomarkers of endocrine tumours. Nat Rev Endocrinol 2024:10.1038/s41574-024-01005-8. [PMID: 38886617 DOI: 10.1038/s41574-024-01005-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Circulating non-coding RNA (ncRNA) molecules are being investigated as biomarkers of malignancy, prognosis and follow-up in several neoplasms, including endocrine tumours of the pituitary, parathyroid, pancreas and adrenal glands. Most of these tumours are classified as neuroendocrine neoplasms (comprised of neuroendocrine tumours and neuroendocrine carcinomas) and include tumours of variable aggressivity. We consider them together here in this Review owing to similarities in their clinical presentation, pathomechanism and genetic background. No preoperative biomarkers of malignancy are available for several forms of these endocrine tumours. Moreover, biomarkers are also needed for the follow-up of tumour progression (especially in hormonally inactive tumours), prognosis and treatment efficacy monitoring. Circulating blood-borne ncRNAs show promising utility as biomarkers. These ncRNAs, including microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs and circular RNAs, are involved in several aspects of gene expression regulation, and their stability and tissue-specific expression could make them ideal biomarkers. However, no circulating ncRNA biomarkers have yet been introduced into routine clinical practice, which is mostly owing to methodological and standardization problems. In this Review, following a brief synopsis of these endocrine tumours and the biology of ncRNAs, the major research findings, pathomechanisms and methodological questions are discussed along with an outlook for future studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Henriett Butz
- HUN-REN-SU Hereditary Tumours Research Group, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Molecular Genetics and the National Tumour Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Attila Patócs
- HUN-REN-SU Hereditary Tumours Research Group, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Molecular Genetics and the National Tumour Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Peter Igaz
- Department of Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
- Department of Internal Medicine and Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Toraih EA, Hussein MH, Al Ageeli E, Ellaban M, Kattan SW, Moroz K, Fawzy MS, Kandil E. Matrix Metalloproteinase 9/microRNA-145 Ratio: Bridging Genomic and Immunological Variabilities in Thyroid Cancer. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2953. [PMID: 38001954 PMCID: PMC10669161 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11112953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) and microRNA-145 (miR-145) have emerged as essential biomarkers in thyroid cancer progression and metastasis. However, their combined evaluation and clinical utility as a unified prognostic marker across diverse thyroid cancer subgroups remain unexplored. We investigated the diagnostic and prognostic value of the MMP9/miR-145 ratio in thyroid cancer, hypothesizing it may overcome inter-patient heterogeneity and serve as a versatile biomarker regardless of genetic mutations or autoimmune status. MMP9 and miR-145 expressions were analyzed in 175 paired papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) and normal tissues. Plasma levels were assessed perioperatively and longitudinally over 12-18 months in 86 matched PTC patients. The associations with clinicopathological parameters and patient outcomes were evaluated. MMP9 was upregulated, and miR-145 downregulated in cancer tissues, with a median MMP9/miR-145 ratio 17.6-fold higher versus controls. The tissue ratio accurately diagnosed thyroid malignancy regardless of BRAF mutation or Hashimoto's thyroiditis status, overcoming genetic and autoimmune heterogeneity. A high preoperative circulating ratio predicted aggressive disease features, including lymph node metastasis, extrathyroidal extension, progression/relapse, and recurrence. Although the preoperative plasma ratio was elevated in patients with unfavorable outcomes, it had limited utility for post-surgical monitoring. In conclusion, the MMP9/miR-145 ratio is a promising biomarker in PTC that bridges genetic and immunological variabilities, enhancing preoperative diagnosis and prognostication across diverse patient subgroups. It accurately stratifies heterogenous cases by aggressiveness. The longitudinal trends indicate decreasing applicability for post-thyroidectomy surveillance. Further large-scale validation and protocol standardization can facilitate clinical translation of the MMP9/miR-145 ratio to guide personalized thyroid cancer management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eman A. Toraih
- Division of Endocrine and Oncologic Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; (M.H.H.); (E.K.)
- Genetics Unit, Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Mohamed H. Hussein
- Division of Endocrine and Oncologic Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; (M.H.H.); (E.K.)
| | - Essam Al Ageeli
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry (Medical Genetics), Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohamad Ellaban
- Faculty of Medicine, Port Said University, Port Said 42526, Egypt;
| | - Shahd W. Kattan
- Department of Medical Laboratory, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Yanbu 46411, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Krzysztof Moroz
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA;
| | - Manal S. Fawzy
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt;
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Northern Border University, Arar 91431, Saudi Arabia
| | - Emad Kandil
- Division of Endocrine and Oncologic Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; (M.H.H.); (E.K.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Reed ER, Jankowski SA, Spinella AJ, Noonan V, Haddad R, Nomoto K, Matsui J, Bais MV, Varelas X, Kukuruzinska MA, Monti S. β-catenin/CBP activation of mTORC1 signaling promotes partial epithelial-mesenchymal states in head and neck cancer. Transl Res 2023; 260:46-60. [PMID: 37353110 PMCID: PMC10527608 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2023.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023]
Abstract
Head and neck cancers, which include oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) as a major subsite, exhibit cellular plasticity that includes features of an epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), referred to as partial-EMT (p-EMT). To identify molecular mechanisms contributing to OSCC plasticity, we performed a multiphase analysis of single cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) data from human OSCC. This included a multiresolution characterization of cancer cell subgroups to identify pathways and cell states that are heterogeneously represented, followed by casual inference analysis to elucidate activating and inhibitory relationships between these pathways and cell states. This approach revealed signaling networks associated with hierarchical cell state transitions, which notably included an association between β-catenin-driven CREB-binding protein (CBP) activity and mTORC1 signaling. This network was associated with subpopulations of cancer cells that were enriched for markers of the p-EMT state and poor patient survival. Functional analyses revealed that β-catenin/CBP induced mTORC1 activity in part through the transcriptional regulation of a raptor-interacting protein, chaperonin containing TCP1 subunit 5 (CCT5). Inhibition of β-catenin-CBP activity through the use of the orally active small molecule, E7386, reduced the expression of CCT5 and mTORC1 activity in vitro, and inhibited p-EMT-associated markers and tumor development in a murine model of OSCC. Our study highlights the use of multiresolution network analyses of scRNAseq data to identify targetable signals for therapeutic benefit, thus defining an underappreciated association between β-catenin/CBP and mTORC1 signaling in head and neck cancer plasticity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eric R Reed
- Data Intensive Studies Center, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts; Section of Computational Biomedicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts; Bioinformatics Program, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts.
| | - Stacy A Jankowski
- Department of Translational Dental Medicine, Boston University School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts; Molecular and Translational Medicine Program, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Anthony J Spinella
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Vikki Noonan
- Division of Oral Pathology, Boston University School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Robert Haddad
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Junji Matsui
- Eisai Inc, 200 Metro Blvd, Nutley, NJ, 07110, USA
| | - Manish V Bais
- Department of Translational Dental Medicine, Boston University School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Xaralabos Varelas
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts.
| | - Maria A Kukuruzinska
- Department of Translational Dental Medicine, Boston University School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts.
| | - Stefano Monti
- Section of Computational Biomedicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts; Bioinformatics Program, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Doghish AS, Midan HM, Elbadry AMM, Darwish SF, Rizk NI, Ziada BO, Elbokhomy AS, Elrebehy MA, Elballal MS, El-Husseiny HM, Abdel Mageed SS, Abulsoud AI. The potential role of miRNAs in the pathogenesis of gallbladder cancer - A focus on signaling pathways interplay. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 248:154682. [PMID: 37451195 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
microRNAs (also known as miRNAs or miRs) are a class of small non-coding RNAs that play a critical role in post-transcriptional gene regulation as negative gene regulators by binding complementary sequences in the 3'-UTR of target messenger RNAs (mRNAs) leading to translational repression and/or target degradation a wide range of genes and biological processes, including cell proliferation, invasion, migration, and apoptosis. The development and progression of cancer have been linked to the anomalous expression of miRNAs. According to recent studies, miRNAs have been found to regulate the expression of cancer-related genes through multiple signaling pathways in gallbladder cancer (GBC). Besides, miRNAs are implicated in several modulatory signaling pathways of GBC, including the Notch signaling pathway, JAK/STAT signaling pathway, protein kinase B (AKT), and Hedgehog signaling pathway. This review summarizes our current knowledge of the functions of miRNAs in the mechanisms underlying the pathogenic symptoms of GBC and illustrates their potential significance as treatment targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed S Doghish
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt; Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11231, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Heba M Midan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Abdullah M M Elbadry
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Samar F Darwish
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Nehal I Rizk
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo 11785, Egypt
| | - Bassant O Ziada
- Research Department, Utopia Pharmaceuticals, Nasr City 11765, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amir S Elbokhomy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud A Elrebehy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt.
| | - Mohammed S Elballal
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Hussein M El-Husseiny
- Department of Surgery, Anesthesiology, and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Moshtohor, Toukh, Elqaliobiya 13736, Egypt; Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai Cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Sherif S Abdel Mageed
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Ahmed I Abulsoud
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11231, Cairo, Egypt; Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo 11785, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Feng Y, Cao H, Zhao W, Chen L, Wang D, Gao R. miR-143 mediates abiraterone acetate resistance by regulating the JNK/Bcl-2 signaling pathway in prostate cancer. J Cancer 2022; 13:3652-3659. [PMID: 36606191 PMCID: PMC9809307 DOI: 10.7150/jca.78246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: miR-143 is known to be downregulated in various cancer cells and tumors and generally plays a tumor-suppressor role. miR-143. However, the role of miR-143 in the mediation of the sensitivity of prostate cancer cells to abiraterone acetate remains unrevealed. Methods: The expression levels of miRNAs were determined by miRNA microarray and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). The protein levels were assessed by Western blot assay. Cell viability and apoptosis were respectively measured by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay and flow cytometry. Results: We identified that miR-143 was significantly downregulated in PC3-AbiR cells compared to PC3 cells. Overexpression of miR-143 promoted PC-AbiR sensitivity to abiraterone acetate in vitro and in vivo. We also revealed that miR-143 upregulation inhibited p-JNK (c-Jun N-terminal kinases) and increased p-Bcl2 (B-cell lymphoma 2), contributing to abiraterone acetate-induced apoptosis in PC3-AbiR cells. Finally, we showed that the combination of miR-143 and abiraterone acetate exerted the most profound tumor inhibition effect and prolonged the mice survival rate in PC3-AbiR tumor-bearing mice. Conclusion: Upregulation of miR-143 may serve as a new strategy to enhance the therapeutical effect of abiraterone acetate on prostate cancer patients who are resistant to abiraterone acetate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Lei Chen
- ✉ Corresponding authors: Lei Chen, Surgical Department I (Urology Department), LONGHUA Hospital Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 725 Wanping Road South, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200032, China; ; Tel: 86-13003255716. Dan Wang, Surgical Department I (Urology Department), LONGHUA Hospital Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 725 Wanping Road South, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200032, China; ; Tel: 86-18516154000. Renjie Gao, Surgical Department I (Urology Department), LONGHUA Hospital Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 725 Wanping Road South, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200032, China;
| | - Dan Wang
- ✉ Corresponding authors: Lei Chen, Surgical Department I (Urology Department), LONGHUA Hospital Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 725 Wanping Road South, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200032, China; ; Tel: 86-13003255716. Dan Wang, Surgical Department I (Urology Department), LONGHUA Hospital Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 725 Wanping Road South, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200032, China; ; Tel: 86-18516154000. Renjie Gao, Surgical Department I (Urology Department), LONGHUA Hospital Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 725 Wanping Road South, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200032, China;
| | - Renjie Gao
- ✉ Corresponding authors: Lei Chen, Surgical Department I (Urology Department), LONGHUA Hospital Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 725 Wanping Road South, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200032, China; ; Tel: 86-13003255716. Dan Wang, Surgical Department I (Urology Department), LONGHUA Hospital Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 725 Wanping Road South, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200032, China; ; Tel: 86-18516154000. Renjie Gao, Surgical Department I (Urology Department), LONGHUA Hospital Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 725 Wanping Road South, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200032, China;
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Pilala KM, Papadimitriou MA, Panoutsopoulou K, Barbarigos P, Levis P, Kotronopoulos G, Stravodimos K, Scorilas A, Avgeris M. Epigenetic regulation of MIR145 core promoter controls miR-143/145 cluster in bladder cancer progression and treatment outcome. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2022; 30:311-322. [PMID: 36320325 PMCID: PMC9614648 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2022.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Owing to its highly heterogeneous molecular landscape, bladder cancer (BlCa) is still characterized by non-personalized treatment and lifelong surveillance. Motivated by our previous findings on miR-143/145 value in disease prognosis, we have studied the underlying epigenetic regulation of the miR-143/145 cluster in BlCa. Expression and DNA methylation of miR-143/145 cluster were analyzed in our screening (n = 162) and The Cancer Genome Atlas Urothelial Bladder Carcinoma (TCGA-BLCA; n = 412) cohorts. Survival analysis was performed using tumor relapse and progression as clinical endpoints for non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC; TaT1), while disease progression and patients' death were used for muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC; T2-T4). TCGA-BLCA served as validation cohort. Bootstrap analysis was carried out for internal validation, while decision curve analysis was used to evaluate clinical benefit. TCGA-BLCA and screening cohorts highlighted MIR145 core promoter as the pivotal, epigenetic regulatory region on cluster's expression. Lower methylation of MIR145 core promoter was associated with aggressive disease phenotype, higher risk for NMIBC short-term progression, and poor MIBC survival. MIR145 methylation-fitted multivariate models with established disease markers clearly enhanced patients' risk stratification and prediction of treatment outcome. MIR145 core promoter methylation was identified as a potent epigenetic regulator of miR-143/145 cluster, supporting modern personalized risk stratification and management in BlCa.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katerina-Marina Pilala
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15771 Athens, Greece
| | - Maria-Alexandra Papadimitriou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15771 Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantina Panoutsopoulou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15771 Athens, Greece
| | - Petros Barbarigos
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15771 Athens, Greece
| | - Panagiotis Levis
- First Department of Urology, “Laiko” General Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Georgios Kotronopoulos
- First Department of Urology, “Laiko” General Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Stravodimos
- First Department of Urology, “Laiko” General Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Andreas Scorilas
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15771 Athens, Greece,Corresponding author Andreas Scorilas, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, 15771 Athens, Greece.
| | - Margaritis Avgeris
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15771 Athens, Greece,Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry – Molecular Diagnostics, Second Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, "P. & A. Kyriakou" Children’s Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece,Corresponding author Dr. Margaritis Avgeris, Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry - Molecular Diagnostics, Second Department of Pediatrics, "P. & A. Kyriakou" Children’s Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 24 Mesogeion Ave, 11527 Athens, Greece.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ware AP, Kabekkodu SP, Chawla A, Paul B, Satyamoorthy K. Diagnostic and prognostic potential clustered miRNAs in bladder cancer. 3 Biotech 2022; 12:173. [PMID: 35845108 PMCID: PMC9279521 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-022-03225-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
At specific genomic loci, miRNAs are in clusters and their association with copy number variations (CNVs) may exhibit abnormal expression in several cancers. Hence, the current study aims to understand the expression of miRNA clusters residing within CNVs and the regulation of their target genes in bladder cancer. To achieve this, we used extensive bioinformatics resources and performed an integrated analysis of recurrent CNVs, clustered miRNA expression, gene expression, and drug–gene interaction datasets. The study identified nine upregulated miRNA clusters that are residing on CNV gain regions and three miRNA clusters (hsa-mir-200c/mir-141, hsa-mir-216a/mir-217, and hsa-mir-15b/mir-16-2) are correlated with patient survival. These clustered miRNAs targeted 89 genes that were downregulated in bladder cancer. Moreover, network and gene enrichment analysis displayed 10 hub genes (CCND2, ETS1, FGF2, FN1, JAK2, JUN, KDR, NOTCH1, PTEN, and ZEB1) which have significant potential for diagnosis and prognosis of bladder cancer patients. Interestingly, hsa-mir-200c/mir-141 and hsa-mir-15b/mir-16-2 cluster candidates showed significant differences in their expression in stage-specific manner during cancer progression. Downregulation of NOTCH1 by hsa-mir-200c/mir-141 may also sensitize tumors to methotrexate thus suggesting potential chemotherapeutic options for bladder cancer subjects. To overcome some computational challenges and reduce the complexity in multistep big data analysis, we developed an automated pipeline called CmiRClustFinder v1.0 (https://github.com/msls-bioinfo/CmiRClustFinder_v1.0), which can perform integrated data analysis of 35 TCGA cancer types.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akshay Pramod Ware
- Department of Bioinformatics, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104 Karnataka India
| | - Shama Prasada Kabekkodu
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104 Karnataka India
| | - Arun Chawla
- Department of Urology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104 Karnataka India
| | - Bobby Paul
- Department of Bioinformatics, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104 Karnataka India
| | - Kapaettu Satyamoorthy
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104 Karnataka India
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Analysis of miR-143, miR-1, miR-210 and let-7e Expression in Colorectal Cancer in Relation to Histopathological Features. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13050875. [PMID: 35627259 PMCID: PMC9141994 DOI: 10.3390/genes13050875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small RNA molecules involved in the control of the expression of many genes and are responsible for, among other things, cell death, differentiation and the control of their division. Changes in miRNA expression profiles have been observed in colorectal cancer. This discovery significantly enriches our knowledge of the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer and offers new goals in diagnostics and therapy. Aim: The aim of this study was to analyze the expression of four miRNA sequences—miR-143, miR-1, miR-210 and let-7e—and to investigate their significance in the risk of developing colorectal cancer. Materials and methods: miRNA sequences were investigated in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue in colorectal cancer patients (n = 150) and in cancer-free controls (n = 150). The real-time PCR method was used. Results: This study revealed a lower expression of miR-143 in colorectal cancer patients than in the controls. miR-143 was positively correlated with the degree of tumor differentiation (grading). Three out of four analyzed miRNA (miR-1, miR-210 and let-7e) were found to be statistically insignificant in terms of colorectal carcinoma risk. Conclusions: miR-143 may be associated with the development of colorectal cancer.
Collapse
|
9
|
Kandettu A, Adiga D, Devi V, Suresh PS, Chakrabarty S, Radhakrishnan R, Kabekkodu SP. Deregulated miRNA clusters in ovarian cancer: Imperative implications in personalized medicine. Genes Dis 2022; 9:1443-1465. [PMID: 36157483 PMCID: PMC9485269 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2021.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) is one of the most common and fatal types of gynecological cancer. OC is usually detected at the advanced stages of the disease, making it highly lethal. miRNAs are single-stranded, small non-coding RNAs with an approximate size ranging around 22 nt. Interestingly, a considerable proportion of miRNAs are organized in clusters with miRNA genes placed adjacent to one another, getting transcribed together to result in miRNA clusters (MCs). MCs comprise two or more miRNAs that follow the same orientation during transcription. Abnormal expression of the miRNA cluster has been identified as one of the key drivers in OC. MC exists both as tumor-suppressive and oncogenic clusters and has a significant role in OC pathogenesis by facilitating cancer cells to acquire various hallmarks. The present review summarizes the regulation and biological function of MCs in OC. The review also highlights the utility of abnormally expressed MCs in the clinical management of OC.
Collapse
|
10
|
Huang CS, Tsai CH, Yu CP, Wu YS, Yee MF, Ho JY, Yu DS. Long Noncoding RNA LINC02470 Sponges MicroRNA-143-3p and Enhances SMAD3-Mediated Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition to Promote the Aggressive Properties of Bladder Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14040968. [PMID: 35205713 PMCID: PMC8870681 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14040968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) were proposed as novel tumor prognostic markers, including for predicting bladder cancer progression, and the competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) hypothesis conceived an accessible entry point to discover potential lncRNA candidates. This study indicated that LINC02470 promotes bladder cancer cell viability, migration, invasion, and in vivo tumorigenicity by sponging miR-143-3p and consequently rescuing SMAD3 translation to activate the TGF-β-induced EMT process. These data demonstrate that the LINC02470–miR-143-3p–SMAD3 ceRNA axis directly regulates the major transcription factor of TGF-β signaling, SMAD3, thereby inducing the EMT process in bladder cancer and enhancing the aggressiveness of bladder cancer cells. Abstract Bladder cancer progression and metastasis have become major threats in clinical practice, increasing mortality and therapeutic refractoriness; recently, epigenetic dysregulation of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related signaling pathways has been explored. However, research in the fields of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) and competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) regulation in bladder cancer progression is just beginning. This study was designed to determine potential EMT-related ceRNA regulation in bladder cancer progression and elucidate the underlying mechanisms that provoke aggressiveness. After screening the intersection of bioinformatic pipelines, LINC02470 was identified as the most upregulated lncRNA during bladder cancer initiation and progression. Both in vitro and in vivo biological effects indicated that LINC02470 promotes bladder cancer cell viability, migration, invasion, and tumorigenicity. On a molecular level, miR-143-3p directly targets and reduces both LINC02470 and SMAD3 RNA expression. Therefore, the LINC02470–miR-143-3p–SMAD3 ceRNA axis rescues SMAD3 translation upon LINC02470 sponging miR-143-3p, and SMAD3 consequently activates the TGF-β-induced EMT process. In conclusion, this is the first study to demonstrate that LINC02470 plays a pivotally regulatory role in the promotion of TGF-β-induced EMT through the miR-143-3p/SMAD3 axis, thereby aggravating bladder cancer progression. Our study warrants further investigation of LINC02470 as an indicatively prognostic marker of bladder cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Shuo Huang
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipe 114, Taiwan; (C.-S.H.); (C.-P.Y.); (Y.-S.W.)
- Graduate Institute of Pathology and Parasitology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
| | | | - Cheng-Ping Yu
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipe 114, Taiwan; (C.-S.H.); (C.-P.Y.); (Y.-S.W.)
- Graduate Institute of Pathology and Parasitology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Si Wu
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipe 114, Taiwan; (C.-S.H.); (C.-P.Y.); (Y.-S.W.)
- Graduate Institute of Pathology and Parasitology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Fong Yee
- School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan;
| | - Jar-Yi Ho
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipe 114, Taiwan; (C.-S.H.); (C.-P.Y.); (Y.-S.W.)
- Graduate Institute of Pathology and Parasitology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (J.-Y.H.); (D.-S.Y.)
| | - Dah-Shyong Yu
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipe 114, Taiwan; (C.-S.H.); (C.-P.Y.); (Y.-S.W.)
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (J.-Y.H.); (D.-S.Y.)
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Diazzi S, Baeri A, Fassy J, Lecacheur M, Marin-Bejar O, Girard CA, Lefevre L, Lacoux C, Irondelle M, Mounier C, Truchi M, Couralet M, Ohanna M, Carminati A, Berestjuk I, Larbret F, Gilot D, Vassaux G, Marine JC, Deckert M, Mari B, Tartare-Deckert S. Blockade of the pro-fibrotic reaction mediated by the miR-143/-145 cluster enhances the responses to targeted therapy in melanoma. EMBO Mol Med 2022; 14:e15295. [PMID: 35156321 PMCID: PMC8899916 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.202115295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Lineage dedifferentiation toward a mesenchymal‐like state displaying myofibroblast and fibrotic features is a common mechanism of adaptive and acquired resistance to targeted therapy in melanoma. Here, we show that the anti‐fibrotic drug nintedanib is active to normalize the fibrous ECM network, enhance the efficacy of MAPK‐targeted therapy, and delay tumor relapse in a preclinical model of melanoma. Acquisition of this resistant phenotype and its reversion by nintedanib pointed to miR‐143/‐145 pro‐fibrotic cluster as a driver of this mesenchymal‐like phenotype. Upregulation of the miR‐143/‐145 cluster under BRAFi/MAPKi therapy was observed in melanoma cells in vitro and in vivo and was associated with an invasive/undifferentiated profile. The 2 mature miRNAs generated from this cluster, miR‐143‐3p and miR‐145‐5p, collaborated to mediate transition toward a drug‐resistant undifferentiated mesenchymal‐like state by targeting Fascin actin‐bundling protein 1 (FSCN1), modulating the dynamic crosstalk between the actin cytoskeleton and the ECM through the regulation of focal adhesion dynamics and mechanotransduction pathways. Our study brings insights into a novel miRNA‐mediated regulatory network that contributes to non‐genetic adaptive drug resistance and provides proof of principle that preventing MAPKi‐induced pro‐fibrotic stromal response is a viable therapeutic opportunity for patients on targeted therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Serena Diazzi
- Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM, C3M, Nice, France.,Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IPMC), Sophia Antipolis, France.,Equipe labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Nice, France
| | - Alberto Baeri
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IPMC), Sophia Antipolis, France
| | - Julien Fassy
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IPMC), Sophia Antipolis, France
| | - Margaux Lecacheur
- Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM, C3M, Nice, France.,Equipe labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Nice, France
| | - Oskar Marin-Bejar
- Laboratory For Molecular Cancer Biology, VIB Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Christophe A Girard
- Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM, C3M, Nice, France.,Equipe labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Nice, France
| | - Lauren Lefevre
- Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM, C3M, Nice, France.,Equipe labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Nice, France
| | - Caroline Lacoux
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IPMC), Sophia Antipolis, France
| | | | - Carine Mounier
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IPMC), Sophia Antipolis, France.,CYU Université, ERRMECe (EA1391), Neuville-sur-Oise, France
| | - Marin Truchi
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IPMC), Sophia Antipolis, France
| | - Marie Couralet
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IPMC), Sophia Antipolis, France
| | - Mickael Ohanna
- Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM, C3M, Nice, France.,Equipe labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Nice, France
| | - Alexandrine Carminati
- Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM, C3M, Nice, France.,Equipe labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Nice, France
| | - Ilona Berestjuk
- Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM, C3M, Nice, France.,Equipe labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Nice, France
| | - Frederic Larbret
- Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM, C3M, Nice, France.,Equipe labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Nice, France
| | - David Gilot
- INSERM U1242, University of Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - Georges Vassaux
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IPMC), Sophia Antipolis, France
| | - Jean-Christophe Marine
- Laboratory For Molecular Cancer Biology, VIB Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Marcel Deckert
- Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM, C3M, Nice, France.,Equipe labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Nice, France
| | - Bernard Mari
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IPMC), Sophia Antipolis, France.,FHU-OncoAge, Nice, France
| | - Sophie Tartare-Deckert
- Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM, C3M, Nice, France.,Equipe labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Nice, France.,FHU-OncoAge, Nice, France
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Liu YP, Yang YD, Mou FF, Zhu J, Li H, Zhao TT, Zhao Y, Shao SJ, Cui GH, Guo HD. Exosome-Mediated miR-21 Was Involved in the Promotion of Structural and Functional Recovery Effect Produced by Electroacupuncture in Sciatic Nerve Injury. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:7530102. [PMID: 35132352 PMCID: PMC8817850 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7530102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Our study is aimed at investigating the mechanism by which electroacupuncture (EA) promoted nerve regeneration by regulating the release of exosomes and exosome-mediated miRNA-21 (miR-21) transmission. Furthermore, the effects of Schwann cells- (SC-) derived exosomes on the overexpression of miR-21 for the treatment of PNI were investigated. METHODS A sciatic nerve injury model of rat was constructed, and the expression of miR-21 in serum exosomes and damaged local nerves was detected using RT-qPCR after EA treatment. The exosomes were identified under a transmission electron microscope and using western blotting analysis. Then, the exosome release inhibitor, GW4869, and the miR-21-5p-sponge used for the knockdown of miR-21 were used to clarify the effects of exosomal miR-21 on nerve regeneration promoted by EA. The nerve conduction velocity recovery rate, sciatic nerve function index, and wet weight ratio of gastrocnemius muscle were determined to evaluate sciatic nerve function recovery. SC proliferation and the level of neurotrophic factors were assessed using immunofluorescence staining, and the expression levels of SPRY2 and miR-21 were detected using RT-qPCR analysis. Subsequently, the transmission of exosomal miR-21 from SC to the axon was verified in vitro. Finally, the exosomes derived from the SC infected with the miR-21 overexpression lentivirus were collected and used to treat the rat SNI model to explore the therapeutic role of SC-derived exosomes overexpressing miR-21. RESULTS We found that EA inhibited the release of serum exosomal miR-21 in a PNI model of rats during the early stage of PNI, while it promoted its release during later stages. EA enhanced the accumulation of miR-21 in the injured nerve and effectively promoted the recovery of nerve function after PNI. The treatment effect of EA was attenuated when the release of circulating exosomes was inhibited or when miR-21 was downregulated in local injury tissue via the miR-21-5p-sponge. Normal exosomes secreted by SC exhibited the ability to promote the recovery of nerve function, while the overexpression of miR-21 enhanced the effects of the exosomes. In addition, exosomal miR-21 secreted by SC could promote neurite outgrowth in vitro. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrated the mechanism of EA on PNI from the perspective of exosome-mediated miR-21 transport and provided a theoretical basis for the use of exosomal miR-21 as a novel strategy for the treatment of PNI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-pu Liu
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Yi-duo Yang
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Fang-fang Mou
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jing Zhu
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Han Li
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Tian-tian Zhao
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yue Zhao
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Shui-jin Shao
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Guo-hong Cui
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai No. 9 People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Hai-dong Guo
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Karimpour M, Ravanbakhsh R, Maydanchi M, Rajabi A, Azizi F, Saber A. Cancer driver gene and non-coding RNA alterations as biomarkers of brain metastasis in lung cancer: A review of the literature. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 143:112190. [PMID: 34560543 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain metastasis (BM) is the most common event in patients with lung cancer. Despite multimodal treatments and advances in systemic therapies, development of BM remains one of the main factors associated with poor prognosis and mortality in patients with lung cancer. Therefore, better understanding of mechanisms involved in lung cancer brain metastasis (LCBM) is of great importance to suppress cancer cells and to improve the overall survival of patients. Several cancer-related genes such as EGFR and KRAS have been proposed as potential predictors of LCBM. In addition, there is ample evidence supporting crucial roles of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) in mediating LCBM. In this review, we provide comprehensive information on risk assessment, predictive, and prognostic panels for early detection of BM in patients with lung cancer. Moreover, we present an overview of LCBM molecular mechanisms, cancer driver genes, and ncRNAs which may predict the risk of BM in lung cancer patients. Recent clinical studies have focused on determining mechanisms involved in LCBM and their association with diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment outcomes. These studies have shown that alterations in EGFR, KRAS, BRAF, and ALK, as the most frequent coding gene alterations, and dysregulation of ncRNAs such as miR-423, miR-330-3p, miR-145, piR-651, and MALAT1 can be considered as potential biomarkers of LCBM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mina Karimpour
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reyhaneh Ravanbakhsh
- Department of Aquatic Biotechnology, Artemia and Aquaculture Research Institute, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Melika Maydanchi
- Zimagene Medical Genetics Laboratory, Avicenna St., Hamedan, Iran
| | - Ali Rajabi
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Faezeh Azizi
- Genetics Office, Non-Communicable Disease Control Department, Public Health Department, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Saber
- Zimagene Medical Genetics Laboratory, Avicenna St., Hamedan, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Prieto-Colomina A, Fernández V, Chinnappa K, Borrell V. MiRNAs in early brain development and pediatric cancer: At the intersection between healthy and diseased embryonic development. Bioessays 2021; 43:e2100073. [PMID: 33998002 DOI: 10.1002/bies.202100073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The size and organization of the brain are determined by the activity of progenitor cells early in development. Key mechanisms regulating progenitor cell biology involve miRNAs. These small noncoding RNA molecules bind mRNAs with high specificity, controlling their abundance and expression. The role of miRNAs in brain development has been studied extensively, but their involvement at early stages remained unknown until recently. Here, recent findings showing the important role of miRNAs in the earliest phases of brain development are reviewed, and it is discussed how loss of specific miRNAs leads to pathological conditions, particularly adult and pediatric brain tumors. Let-7 miRNA downregulation and the initiation of embryonal tumors with multilayered rosettes (ETMR), a novel link recently discovered by the laboratory, are focused upon. Finally, it is discussed how miRNAs may be used for the diagnosis and therapeutic treatment of pediatric brain tumors, with the hope of improving the prognosis of these devastating diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Prieto-Colomina
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas & Universidad Miguel Hernández, Sant Joan d'Alacant, Spain
| | - Virginia Fernández
- Neurobiology of miRNA, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Genoa, Italy
| | - Kaviya Chinnappa
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas & Universidad Miguel Hernández, Sant Joan d'Alacant, Spain
| | - Víctor Borrell
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas & Universidad Miguel Hernández, Sant Joan d'Alacant, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Hussen BM, Hidayat HJ, Salihi A, Sabir DK, Taheri M, Ghafouri-Fard S. MicroRNA: A signature for cancer progression. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 138:111528. [PMID: 33770669 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a group of small non-coding RNAs that post-transcriptionally control expression of genes by targeting mRNAs. miRNA alterations partake in the establishment and progression of different types of human cancer. Consequently, expression profiling of miRNA in human cancers has correlations with cancer detection, staging, progression, and response to therapies. Particularly, amplification, deletion, abnormal pattern of epigenetic factors and the transcriptional factors that mediate regulation of primary miRNA frequently change the landscape of miRNA expression in cancer. Indeed, changes in the quantity and quality of miRNAs are associated with the initiation of cancer, its progression and metastasis. Additionally, miRNA profiling has been used to categorize genes that can affect oncogenic pathways in cancer. Here, we discuss several circulating miRNA signatures, their expression profiles in different types of cancer and their impacts on cellular processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bashdar Mahmud Hussen
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Hawler Medical University, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Hazha Jamal Hidayat
- Department of Biology, College of Education, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Abbas Salihi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq; Department of Medical Analysis, Faculty of Science, Tishk International University, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Dana K Sabir
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Charmo University, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Downregulation of miR-143/145 Cluster in Breast Carcinoma Specimens: Putative Role of DNA Oncoviruses. Jundishapur J Microbiol 2021. [DOI: 10.5812/jjm.110685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The DNA oncoviruses, including human papillomavirus (HPV) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) are among the most important infectious agents involved in breast carcinogenesis. These oncoviruses have a broad disrupting effect on cellular miRNAs and their functions, by which they contribute to carcinogenesis. Objectives: In this investigation, we evaluated the correlation between HPV and EBV and the expression level of tumor suppressor miRNAs (miR-143 and 145), clinical outcomes, and their association with stimulating inflammatory cytokines in patients with breast carcinoma. Methods: In our case-control study, 35 cancerous tissues and 35 adjacent non-cancerous tissues were collected from 35 patients. Nested-PCR was set up for the detection of HPV and EBV genomes, and RT-qPCR was used for miRNA expression in the case and control groups. In addition, serum specimens were obtained from all patients (n = 35) and healthy controls (n = 35) to determine the IL-8 serum concentration. Results: We found HPV and EBV in 14.2% (10/70) and 7% (5/70) of all samples, respectively. The distributions of positive samples in the case and control groups were 25.7% (9/35) and 2.9% (1/35) (P = 0.006) for HPV and 11.4% (4/35) and 2.9% (1/35) (P = 0.164) for EBV, respectively. Besides, RT-qPCR showed that miR-143 and miR-145 were significantly downregulated in HPV and EBV-infected cases compared to non-infected ones (P < 0.05). Data also indicated that the promotion of metastasis status was related to miR-143/145 downregulation and HPV infection (P = 0.003). No significant difference was found in serum IL-8 concentration concerning viral infections. Conclusions: Our results suggested the possible involvement of viral infections in breast carcinogenesis and adverse clinical outcomes by downregulating miR-143/145.
Collapse
|
17
|
Sawant D, Lilly B. MicroRNA-145 targets in cancer and the cardiovascular system: evidence for common signaling pathways. VASCULAR BIOLOGY 2020; 2:R115-R128. [PMID: 33283158 PMCID: PMC7709916 DOI: 10.1530/vb-20-0012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
miRNAs are small regulatory RNAs which govern gene expression post-transcriptionally by primarily binding to the 3'-UTR of mRNA target genes. miR-145 is a well-studied miRNA that has been implicated in controlling a range of biological processes. miR-145 is expressed in a variety of tissues and cell types and acts as a tumor-suppressor by regulating target gene signaling pathways involved in different aspects of tumor growth and progression. There is also strong evidence that highlights the important functions of miR-145 in the cardiovascular system. Here, we review the mechanisms of miR-145 in tumorigenesis and cancer progression and compare and contrast with the roles of miR-145 in cardiovascular development and disease. We discuss the important targets of miR-145 in cancer and their possible link to the cardiovascular system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dwitiya Sawant
- Center for Cardiovascular Research and The Heart Center, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Brenda Lilly
- Center for Cardiovascular Research and The Heart Center, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Beylerli O, Beeraka NM, Gareev I, Pavlov V, Yang G, Liang Y, Aliev G. MiRNAs as Noninvasive Biomarkers and Therapeutic Agents of Pituitary Adenomas. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E7287. [PMID: 33023145 PMCID: PMC7583927 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21197287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2020] [Revised: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Pituitary adenoma (PA) accounts for 10-15% of all intracranial neoplasms. Even though most pituitary adenomas are benign, it is known that almost 35% of them exhibit an aggressive clinical course, including rapid proliferative activity and invasion of neighboring tissues. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short single-stranded RNA molecules that can influence post-transcriptional regulation by controlling target genes. Based on research data on miRNAs over the past 20 years, more than 60% of genes encoding human proteins are regulated by miRNAs, which ultimately control basic cellular mechanisms, including cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. Dysregulation of miRNAs has been observed in a number of diseases, especially tumors like PA. A majority of miRNAs are expressed within the cells themselves. However, the circulating miRNAs can be detected in several biological fluids of the human body. The identification of circulating miRNAs as new molecular markers may increase the ability to detect a tumor, predict the course of a disease, plan to choose suitable treatment, and diagnose at the earliest signs of impending neoplastic transformation. Therapy of PAs with aggressive behavior is a complex task. When surgery and chemotherapy fail, radiotherapy becomes the treatment of choice against PAs. Therefore, the possibility of implementing circulating miRNAs as innovative diagnostic and therapeutic agents for PA is one of the main exciting ideas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ozal Beylerli
- Central Research Laboratory, Bashkir State Medical University, 450008 Ufa, Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia; (O.B.); (I.G.); (V.P.)
| | - Narasimha M. Beeraka
- Department of Biochemistry, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, CEMR lab, DST-FIST Supported Department and Center, Mysuru 570015, Karnataka, India;
| | - Ilgiz Gareev
- Central Research Laboratory, Bashkir State Medical University, 450008 Ufa, Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia; (O.B.); (I.G.); (V.P.)
| | - Valentin Pavlov
- Central Research Laboratory, Bashkir State Medical University, 450008 Ufa, Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia; (O.B.); (I.G.); (V.P.)
| | - Guang Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China;
- Institute of Brain Science, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Yanchao Liang
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China;
- Institute of Brain Science, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Gjumrakch Aliev
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University Sechenov University, 119146 Moscow, Russia
- Research Institute of Human Morphology, Russian Academy of Medical Science, 117418 Moscow, Russia
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, 142432 Moscow, Russia
- GALLY International Research Institute, 7733 Louis Pasteur Drive, #330, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Ebrahimi SO, Reiisi S, Shareef S. miRNAs, oxidative stress, and cancer: A comprehensive and updated review. J Cell Physiol 2020; 235:8812-8825. [PMID: 32394436 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress refers to elevated levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS homeostasis functions as a signaling pathway for normal cell survival and appropriate cell signaling. Chronic inflammation induced by imbalanced levels of ROS contributes to many diseases and different types of cancer. ROS can alter the expression of oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes through epigenetic modifications, transcription factors, and non-coding RNAs. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that play a key role in most biological pathways. Each miRNA regulates hundreds of target genes by inhibiting protein translation and/or promoting messenger RNA degradation. In normal conditions, miRNAs play a physiological role in cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. However, different factors that can dysregulate cell signaling and cellular homeostasis can also affect miRNA expression. The alteration of miRNA expression can work against disturbing factors or mediate their effects. Oxidative stress is one of these factors. Considering the complex interplay between ROS level and miRNA regulation and both of these with cancer development, we review the role of miRNAs in cancer, focusing on their function in oxidative stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Omar Ebrahimi
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Somayeh Reiisi
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Salar Shareef
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Sciences, University of Raparin, Ranya, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
PPARG Drives Molecular Networks as an Inhibitor for the Pathologic Development and Progression of Lung Adenocarcinoma. PPAR Res 2020; 2020:6287468. [PMID: 32395124 PMCID: PMC7199583 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6287468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies showed that low PPARG expression was associated with poor prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma (LA) with limited mechanisms identified. We first conducted a large-scale literature-based data mining to identify potential molecular pathways where PPARG could exert influence on the pathological development of LA. Then a mega-analysis using 13 independent LA expression datasets and a Pathway Enrichment Analysis (PEA) was conducted to study the gene expression levels and the functionalities of PPARG and the PPARG-driven triggers within the molecular pathways. Finally, a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was established to reveal the functional connection between PPARG and its driven molecules. We identified 25 PPARG-driven molecule triggers forming multiple LA-regulatory pathways. Mega-analysis using 13 LA datasets supported these pathways and confirmed the downregulation of PPARG in the case of LA (p = 1.07e−05). Results from the PEA and PPI analysis suggested that PPARG might inhibit the development of LA through the regulation of tumor cell proliferation and transmission-related molecules, including an LA tumor cell suppressor MIR145. Our results suggested that increased expression of PPARG could drive multiple molecular triggers against the pathologic development and prognosis of LA, indicating PPARG as a valuable therapeutic target for LA treatment.
Collapse
|
21
|
The Microrna-143/145 Cluster in Tumors: A Matter of Where and When. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12030708. [PMID: 32192092 PMCID: PMC7140083 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12030708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The establishment and spreading of cancer involve the acquirement of many biological functions including resistance to apoptosis, enhanced proliferation and the ability to invade the surrounding tissue, extravasate from the primary site, survive in circulating blood, and finally extravasate and colonize distant organs giving origin to metastatic lesions, the major cause of cancer deaths. Dramatic changes in the expression of protein coding genes due to altered transcription factors activity or to epigenetic modifications orchestrate these events, intertwining with a microRNA regulatory network that is often disrupted in cancer cells. microRNAs-143 and -145 represent puzzling players of this game, with apparently contradictory functions. They were at first classified as tumor suppressive due to their frequently reduced levels in tumors, correlating with cell survival, proliferation, and migration. More recently, pro-oncogenic roles of these microRNAs have been described, challenging their simplistic definition as merely tumor-suppressive. Here we review their known activities in tumors, whether oncogenic or onco-suppressive, and highlight how their expression and functions are strongly dependent on their complex regulation downstream and upstream of cytokines and growth factors, on the cell type of expression and on the specific tumor stage.
Collapse
|
22
|
Withers SB, Dewhurst T, Hammond C, Topham CH. MiRNAs as Novel Adipokines: Obesity-Related Circulating MiRNAs Influence Chemosensitivity in Cancer Patients. Noncoding RNA 2020; 6:ncrna6010005. [PMID: 31979312 PMCID: PMC7151601 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna6010005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue is an endocrine organ, capable of regulating distant physiological processes in other tissues via the release of adipokines into the bloodstream. Recently, circulating adipose-derived microRNAs (miRNAs) have been proposed as a novel class of adipokine, due to their capacity to regulate gene expression in tissues other than fat. Circulating levels of adipokines are known to be altered in obese individuals compared with typical weight individuals and are linked to poorer health outcomes. For example, obese individuals are known to be more prone to the development of some cancers, and less likely to achieve event-free survival following chemotherapy. The purpose of this review was twofold; first to identify circulating miRNAs which are reproducibly altered in obesity, and secondly to identify mechanisms by which these obesity-linked miRNAs might influence the sensitivity of tumors to treatment. We identified 8 candidate circulating miRNAs with altered levels in obese individuals (6 increased, 2 decreased). A second literature review was then performed to investigate if these candidates might have a role in mediating resistance to cancer treatment. All of the circulating miRNAs identified were capable of mediating responses to cancer treatment at the cellular level, and so this review provides novel insights which can be used by future studies which aim to improve obese patient outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah B. Withers
- Biomedical Research Centre, School of Science, Engineering and Environment, Peel Building, University of Salford, Salford M5 4WT, UK; (S.B.W.); (T.D.); (C.H.)
- Salford Royal Foundation Trust, Clinical Sciences Building, Stott Lane, Salford M6 8HD, UK
| | - Toni Dewhurst
- Biomedical Research Centre, School of Science, Engineering and Environment, Peel Building, University of Salford, Salford M5 4WT, UK; (S.B.W.); (T.D.); (C.H.)
| | - Chloe Hammond
- Biomedical Research Centre, School of Science, Engineering and Environment, Peel Building, University of Salford, Salford M5 4WT, UK; (S.B.W.); (T.D.); (C.H.)
| | - Caroline H. Topham
- Biomedical Research Centre, School of Science, Engineering and Environment, Peel Building, University of Salford, Salford M5 4WT, UK; (S.B.W.); (T.D.); (C.H.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +44-(0)-161-295-4292
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Diana A, Gaido G, Murtas D. MicroRNA Signature in Human Normal and Tumoral Neural Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20174123. [PMID: 31450858 PMCID: PMC6747235 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20174123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2019] [Revised: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs, also called miRNAs or simply miR-, represent a unique class of non-coding RNAs that have gained exponential interest during recent years because of their determinant involvement in regulating the expression of several genes. Despite the increasing number of mature miRNAs recognized in the human species, only a limited proportion is engaged in the ontogeny of the central nervous system (CNS). miRNAs also play a pivotal role during the transition of normal neural stem cells (NSCs) into tumor-forming NSCs. More specifically, extensive studies have identified some shared miRNAs between NSCs and neural cancer stem cells (CSCs), namely miR-7, -124, -125, -181 and miR-9, -10, -130. In the context of NSCs, miRNAs are intercalated from embryonic stages throughout the differentiation pathway in order to achieve mature neuronal lineages. Within CSCs, under a different cellular context, miRNAs perform tumor suppressive or oncogenic functions that govern the homeostasis of brain tumors. This review will draw attention to the most characterizing studies dealing with miRNAs engaged in neurogenesis and in the tumoral neural stem cell context, offering the reader insight into the power of next generation miRNA-targeted therapies against brain malignances.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Diana
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato (Cagliari), Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Gaido
- Department of Surgery, Cottolengo Mission Hospital Charia, 60200 Meru, Kenya
| | - Daniela Murtas
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato (Cagliari), Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Kabekkodu SP, Shukla V, Varghese VK, Adiga D, Vethil Jishnu P, Chakrabarty S, Satyamoorthy K. Cluster miRNAs and cancer: Diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic opportunities. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-RNA 2019; 11:e1563. [PMID: 31436881 DOI: 10.1002/wrna.1563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
MiRNAs are class of noncoding RNA important for gene expression regulation in many plants, animals and viruses. MiRNA clusters contain a set of two or more miRNA encoding genes, transcribed together as polycistronic miRNAs. Currently, there are approximately 159 miRNA clusters reported in the human genome consisting of miRNAs ranging from two or more miRNA genes. A large proportion of clustered miRNAs resides in and around the fragile sites or cancer associated genomic hotspots and plays an important role in carcinogenesis. Altered expression of miRNA cluster can be pro-tumorigenic or anti-tumorigenic and can be targeted for clinical management of cancer. Over the past few years, manipulation of miRNA clusters expression is attempted for experimental purpose as well as for diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic applications in cancer. Re-expression of miRNAs by epigenetic therapy, genome editing such as clustered regulatory interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) and miRNA mowers showed promising results in cancer therapy. In this review, we focused on the potential of miRNA clusters as a biomarker for diagnosis, prognosis, targeted therapy as well as strategies for modulating their expression in a therapeutic context. This article is categorized under: Regulatory RNAs/RNAi/Riboswitches > Regulatory RNAs RNA Processing > Processing of Small RNAs RNA in Disease and Development > RNA in Disease Regulatory RNAs/RNAi/Riboswitches > Biogenesis of Effector Small RNAs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shama Prasada Kabekkodu
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Vaibhav Shukla
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Vinay Koshy Varghese
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Divya Adiga
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Padacherri Vethil Jishnu
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Sanjiban Chakrabarty
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Kapaettu Satyamoorthy
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Németh K, Darvasi O, Likó I, Szücs N, Czirják S, Reiniger L, Szabó B, Krokker L, Pállinger É, Igaz P, Patócs A, Butz H. Comprehensive analysis of circulating microRNAs in plasma of patients with pituitary adenomas. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2019; 104:4151-4168. [PMID: 31112271 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2018-02479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circulating miRNAs in pituitary adenoma would help patient care especially in non-functioning adenoma cases as minimally invasive biomarkers of tumor recurrence and progression. AIM Our aim was to investigate plasma miRNA profile in patients with pituitary adenoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS 149 plasma and extracellular vesicle (preoperative, early- and late postoperative) samples were collected from 45 pituitary adenoma patients. Adenomas were characterized based on anterior pituitary hormones and transcription factors by immunostaining. MiRNA next generation sequencing was performed on 36 samples (discovery set). Individual TaqMan assay was used for validation on extended sample set. PA tissue miRNAs were evaluated by TaqMan array and literature data. RESULTS Global downregulation of miRNA expression was observed in plasma samples of pituitary adenoma patients compared to normal samples. Expression of 29 miRNAs and isomiR variants were able to distinguish preoperative plasma samples and normal controls. MiRNAs with altered expression in both plasma and different adenoma tissues were identified. 3, 7 and 66 miRNAs expressed differentially between preoperative and postoperative plasma samples in growth hormone secreting, FSH/LH+ and hormone-immunonegative groups, respectively. MiR-143-3p was downregulated in late- but not in early postoperative plasma samples compared to preoperative ones exclusively in FSH/LH+ adenomas. Plasma level of miR-143-3p discriminated these samples with 81.8% sensitivity and 72.3% specificity (AUC=0.79; p=0.02). CONCLUSIONS Differentially expressed miRNAs in pituitary adenoma tissues have low abundance in plasma minimizing their role as biomarkers. Plasma miR-143-3p decreases in patients with FSH/LH+ adenoma indicated successful surgery, but its application for evaluating tumor recurrence needs further investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kinga Németh
- "Momentum" Hereditary Endocrine Tumours Research Group Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ottó Darvasi
- "Momentum" Hereditary Endocrine Tumours Research Group Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - István Likó
- "Momentum" Hereditary Endocrine Tumours Research Group Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Nikolette Szücs
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Sándor Czirják
- National Institute of Clinical Neurosciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Lilla Reiniger
- 1st Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Borbála Szabó
- "Momentum" Hereditary Endocrine Tumours Research Group Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Lilla Krokker
- "Momentum" Hereditary Endocrine Tumours Research Group Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Éva Pállinger
- Department of Genetics, Cell- and Immunobiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Péter Igaz
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- MTA-SE Molecular Medicine Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Attila Patócs
- "Momentum" Hereditary Endocrine Tumours Research Group Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Henriett Butz
- "Momentum" Hereditary Endocrine Tumours Research Group Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Liolios T, Kastora SL, Colombo G. MicroRNAs in Female Malignancies. Cancer Inform 2019; 18:1176935119828746. [PMID: 30792572 PMCID: PMC6376555 DOI: 10.1177/1176935119828746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous 22-nucleotide RNAs that can play a fundamental
regulatory role in the gene expression of various organisms. Current research
suggests that miRNAs can assume pivotal roles in carcinogenesis. In this
article, through bioinformatics mining and computational analysis, we determine
a single miRNA commonly involved in the development of breast, cervical,
endometrial, ovarian, and vulvar cancer, whereas we underline the existence of 7
more miRNAs common in all examined malignancies with the exception of vulvar
cancer. Furthermore, we identify their target genes and encoded biological
functions. We also analyze common biological processes on which all of the
identified miRNAs act and we suggest a potential mechanism of action. In
addition, we analyze exclusive miRNAs among the examined malignancies and
bioinformatically explore their functionality. Collectively, our data can be
employed in in vitro assays as a stepping stone in the identification of a
universal machinery that is derailed in female malignancies, whereas exclusive
miRNAs may be employed as putative targets for future chemotherapeutic agents or
cancer-specific biomarkers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Themis Liolios
- Hellenic Republic National and Kapodistrian, University of Athens, Faculty of Biology, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Giorgia Colombo
- University of Aberdeen, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Aberdeen, UK
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Regulatory mechanisms of miR-145 expression and the importance of its function in cancer metastasis. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 109:195-207. [PMID: 30396077 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.10.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Revised: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs are post-transcriptional mediators of gene expression and regulation, which play influential roles in tumorigenesis and cancer metastasis. The expression of tumor suppressor miR-145 is reduced in various cancer cell lines, containing both solid tumors and blood malignancies. However, the responsible mechanisms of its down-regulation are a complicated network. miR-145 is potentially able to inhbit tumor cell metastasis by targeting of multiple oncogenes, including MUC1, FSCN1, Vimentin, Cadherin, Fibronectin, Metadherin, GOLM1, ARF6, SMAD3, MMP11, Snail1, ZEB1/2, HIF-1α and Rock-1. This distinctive role of miR-145 in the regulation of metastasis-related gene expression may introduce miR-145 as an ideal candidate for controlling of cancer metastasis by miRNA replacement therapy. The present review aims to discuss the current understanding of the different aspects of molecular mechanisms of miR-145 regulation as well as its role in r metastasis regulation.
Collapse
|
28
|
Aiso T, Ohtsuka K, Ueda M, Karita S, Yokoyama T, Takata S, Matsuki N, Kondo H, Takizawa H, Okada AA, Watanabe T, Ohnishi H. Serum levels of candidate microRNA diagnostic markers differ among the stages of non-small-cell lung cancer. Oncol Lett 2018; 16:6643-6651. [PMID: 30405804 PMCID: PMC6202492 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.9464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) are promising markers for cancer diagnosis and prognosis. Numerous studies evaluating miRNAs as markers for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have been conducted in recent years; however, the majority of candidate markers proposed via individual studies were inconsistent and no marker miRNAs for the diagnosis of early stage NSCLC have been established. In the present study, miR-145, miR-20a, miR-21 and miR-223, which were previously reported as candidate diagnostic markers of NSCLC, were re-evaluated. The serum levels of these miRNAs were quantified in 56 patients with stage I-IV NSCLC using the TaqMan microRNA assays and separately compared the levels at each stage with those in 26 control patients. The level of miR-145 was significantly reduced in patients with NSCLC, regardless of clinical stage, and its level increased following tumor resection in patients with stage I-II disease. These results indicate that miR-145 is relevant as a diagnostic marker for stages I-IV NSCLC. Additionally, the levels of miR-20a and miR-21 demonstrated notable differences among patients at different clinical stages. These miRNAs distinguished patients in a number of, but not all, stages of NSCLC from cancer-free control patients. These results indicated that it is essential to analyze miRNA levels at each stage separately in order to evaluate marker miRNAs for NSCLC diagnosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Toshiko Aiso
- Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Kyorin University, Tokyo 181-8612, Japan
| | - Kouki Ohtsuka
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyorin University, Tokyo 181-8611, Japan
| | - Makiko Ueda
- Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Kyorin University, Tokyo 181-8612, Japan
| | - Shin Karita
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyorin University, Tokyo 181-8611, Japan.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, JR Tokyo General Hospital, Tokyo 151-8528, Japan
| | - Takuma Yokoyama
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyorin University, Tokyo 181-8611, Japan
| | - Saori Takata
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyorin University, Tokyo 181-8611, Japan
| | - Naoko Matsuki
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Kyorin University, Tokyo 181-8611, Japan
| | - Haruhiko Kondo
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyorin University, Tokyo 181-8611, Japan
| | - Hajime Takizawa
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyorin University, Tokyo 181-8611, Japan
| | - Annabelle A Okada
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Kyorin University, Tokyo 181-8611, Japan
| | - Takashi Watanabe
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyorin University, Tokyo 181-8611, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Ohnishi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyorin University, Tokyo 181-8611, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Matz M, Heinrich F, Lorkowski C, Wu K, Klotsche J, Zhang Q, Lachmann N, Durek P, Budde K, Mashreghi MF. MicroRNA regulation in blood cells of renal transplanted patients with interstitial fibrosis/tubular atrophy and antibody-mediated rejection. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0201925. [PMID: 30102719 PMCID: PMC6089438 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0201925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Interstitial fibrosis/tubular atrophy (IFTA) is associated with reduced allograft survival, whereas antibody-mediated rejection (ABMR) is the major cause for renal allograft failure. To identify specific microRNAs and their regulation involved in these processes, total RNA from blood cells of 16 kidney transplanted (KTx) patients with ABMR, stable graft function (SGF) and with T-cell mediated rejection (TCMR) was isolated. MicroRNA expression was determined by high-throughput sequencing. Differentially expressed candidate microRNAs were analyzed with RT-PCR in patients with SGF (n = 53), urinary tract infection (UTI) (n = 17), borderline rejection (BL) (n = 19), TCMR (n = 40), ABMR (n = 22) and IFTA (n = 30). From the 301 detected microRNAs, 64 were significantly regulated between the three cohorts. Selected candidate microRNAs miR-223-3p, miR-424-3p and miR-145-5p distinguished TCMR and ABMR from SGF, but not from other pathologies. Most importantly, miR-145-5p expression in IFTA patients was significantly downregulated and displayed a high diagnostic accuracy compared to SGF alone (AUC = 0.891) and compared to SGF, UTI, BL, TCMR and ABMR patients combined (AUC = 0.835), which was verified by cross-validation. The identification of miR-145-5p as IFTA specific marker in blood constitutes the basis for evaluating this potentially diagnostic microRNA as biomarker in studies including high numbers of patients and different pathologies and also the further analysis of fibrosis causing etiologies after kidney transplantation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mareen Matz
- Department of Nephrology, Charité University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Frederik Heinrich
- Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum Berlin, a Leibniz Institute (DRFZ), Berlin, Germany
| | - Christine Lorkowski
- Department of Nephrology, Charité University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Kaiyin Wu
- Department of Pathology, Charité University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jens Klotsche
- Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum Berlin, a Leibniz Institute (DRFZ), Berlin, Germany
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Charité University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nils Lachmann
- Center for Tumor Medicine, HLA Laboratory, Charité University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Pawel Durek
- Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum Berlin, a Leibniz Institute (DRFZ), Berlin, Germany
| | - Klemens Budde
- Department of Nephrology, Charité University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Mir-Farzin Mashreghi
- Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum Berlin, a Leibniz Institute (DRFZ), Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Skjefstad K, Johannessen C, Grindstad T, Kilvaer T, Paulsen EE, Pedersen M, Donnem T, Andersen S, Bremnes R, Richardsen E, Al-Saad S, Busund LT. A gender specific improved survival related to stromal miR-143 and miR-145 expression in non-small cell lung cancer. Sci Rep 2018; 8:8549. [PMID: 29867125 PMCID: PMC5986811 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-26864-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Micro RNAs (miRNA) are small non-coding RNAs that post-transcriptionally regulate gene expression. Dysregulation of miRNA cluster 143/145 has been reported in several malignancies, but their role in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains elusive. This study investigates the prognostic impact of miR-143 and miR-145 in primary tumors and metastatic lymph nodes in NSCLC tissue. Tissue from 553 primary tumors and 143 matched metastatic lymph nodes were collected and tissue microarrays were constructed. In situ hybridization was used to evaluate miR-143 and miR-145 expression in tumor epithelial cells and stromal cells in the primary tumors and lymph nodes. In vivo data was supplemented with functional studies of cell lines in vitro to evaluate the role of miR-143 and miR-145 in NSCLC tumorigenesis. In our cohort, stromal miR-143 (S-miR-143) and miR-145 (S-miR-145) expression in primary tumor tissue were independent prognosticators of improved disease-specific survival (DSS) in female (S-miR-143, HR: 0.53, p = 0.019) and male patients (S-miR-145, HR: 0.58, p = 0.021), respectively. Interesting correlations between the miR cluster 143/145 and previously investigated steroid hormone receptors from the same cohort were identified, substantiating their gender dependent significance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kaja Skjefstad
- Department of Medical Biology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Mailbox 6050 Langnes, N-9037, Tromso, Norway.
| | - Charles Johannessen
- Department of Medical Biology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Mailbox 6050 Langnes, N-9037, Tromso, Norway
| | - Thea Grindstad
- Department of Medical Biology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Mailbox 6050 Langnes, N-9037, Tromso, Norway
| | - Thomas Kilvaer
- Department of Clinical Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Mailbox 6050 Langnes, N-9037, Tromso, Norway.,Department of Oncology, University Hospital of North Norway, Mailbox 13, N-9038, Tromso, Norway
| | - Erna-Elise Paulsen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Mailbox 6050 Langnes, N-9037, Tromso, Norway.,Department of Oncology, University Hospital of North Norway, Mailbox 13, N-9038, Tromso, Norway
| | - Mona Pedersen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Mailbox 6050 Langnes, N-9037, Tromso, Norway
| | - Tom Donnem
- Department of Clinical Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Mailbox 6050 Langnes, N-9037, Tromso, Norway.,Department of Oncology, University Hospital of North Norway, Mailbox 13, N-9038, Tromso, Norway
| | - Sigve Andersen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Mailbox 6050 Langnes, N-9037, Tromso, Norway.,Department of Oncology, University Hospital of North Norway, Mailbox 13, N-9038, Tromso, Norway
| | - Roy Bremnes
- Department of Clinical Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Mailbox 6050 Langnes, N-9037, Tromso, Norway.,Department of Oncology, University Hospital of North Norway, Mailbox 13, N-9038, Tromso, Norway
| | - Elin Richardsen
- Department of Medical Biology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Mailbox 6050 Langnes, N-9037, Tromso, Norway.,Department of Clinical Pathology, University Hospital of North Norway, Mailbox 46, N-9038, Tromso, Norway
| | - Samer Al-Saad
- Department of Medical Biology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Mailbox 6050 Langnes, N-9037, Tromso, Norway.,Department of Clinical Pathology, University Hospital of North Norway, Mailbox 46, N-9038, Tromso, Norway
| | - Lill-Tove Busund
- Department of Medical Biology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Mailbox 6050 Langnes, N-9037, Tromso, Norway.,Department of Clinical Pathology, University Hospital of North Norway, Mailbox 46, N-9038, Tromso, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Kabekkodu SP, Shukla V, Varghese VK, D' Souza J, Chakrabarty S, Satyamoorthy K. Clustered miRNAs and their role in biological functions and diseases. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2018; 93:1955-1986. [PMID: 29797774 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 205] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2017] [Revised: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous, small non-coding RNAs known to regulate expression of protein-coding genes. A large proportion of miRNAs are highly conserved, localized as clusters in the genome, transcribed together from physically adjacent miRNAs and show similar expression profiles. Since a single miRNA can target multiple genes and miRNA clusters contain multiple miRNAs, it is important to understand their regulation, effects and various biological functions. Like protein-coding genes, miRNA clusters are also regulated by genetic and epigenetic events. These clusters can potentially regulate every aspect of cellular function including growth, proliferation, differentiation, development, metabolism, infection, immunity, cell death, organellar biogenesis, messenger signalling, DNA repair and self-renewal, among others. Dysregulation of miRNA clusters leading to altered biological functions is key to the pathogenesis of many diseases including carcinogenesis. Here, we review recent advances in miRNA cluster research and discuss their regulation and biological functions in pathological conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shama P Kabekkodu
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India
| | - Vaibhav Shukla
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India
| | - Vinay K Varghese
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India
| | - Jeevitha D' Souza
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India
| | - Sanjiban Chakrabarty
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India
| | - Kapaettu Satyamoorthy
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Kurogi R, Nakamizo A, Suzuki SO, Mizoguchi M, Yoshimoto K, Amano T, Amemiya T, Takagishi S, Iihara K. Inhibition of glioblastoma cell invasion by hsa-miR-145-5p and hsa-miR-31-5p co-overexpression in human mesenchymal stem cells. J Neurosurg 2018. [DOI: 10.3171/2017.8.jns1788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVEHuman bone marrow–derived mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) show tropism for brain tumors and may be a useful vehicle for drug or gene delivery to malignant gliomas. Recently, some microRNAs (miRNAs) have been shown to suppress the invasiveness of malignant gliomas.METHODSTo test their potential to become vehicles for the delivery of miRNA to malignant gliomas, hMSCs were engineered so that hMSC secretion of miRNAs that inhibit glioma cell invasion was enabled without altering the hMSC tropism for glioma cells.RESULTSIn coculture, hMSCs cotransfected with hsa-miR-145-5p and -31-5p miRNAs showed markedly reduced invasion by U87 glioma cells in a contact-dependent manner both in vitro and ex vivo, with invasion of hMSCs cotransfected with these 2 miRNAs by the U87 cells reduced to 60.7% compared with control cells. According to a Matrigel invasion assay, the tropism of the hMSCs for U87 cells was not affected. In glioma cell lines U251 and LN229, hMSCs exhibited tropism in vivo, and invasion of hMSCs cotransfected with hsa-miR-145-5p and -31-5p was also significantly less than that of control cells. When U87 cells were coimplanted into the striatum of organotypic rat brain slices with hMSCs cotransfected with hsa-miR-145 and -31-5p, the relative invasive area decreased by 37.1%; interestingly, these U87 cells showed a change to a rounded morphology that was apparent at the invasion front. Whole-genome microarray analysis of the expression levels of 58,341 genes revealed that the co-overexpression of hsa-miR-145-5p and -31-5p downregulated FSCN1 expression in U87 cells.CONCLUSIONSThis study demonstrates that miRNA overexpression in hMSCs can alter the function of glioma cells via contact-dependent transfer. Co-overexpression of multiple miRNAs may be a useful and novel therapeutic strategy. The study results suggest that hMSCs can be applied as a delivery vehicle for miRNAs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryota Kurogi
- Departments of 1Neurosurgery and
- 2Department of Neurosurgery, National Hospital Organization, Clinical Research Institute, Kyushu Medical Center, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Akira Nakamizo
- Departments of 1Neurosurgery and
- 2Department of Neurosurgery, National Hospital Organization, Clinical Research Institute, Kyushu Medical Center, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Satoshi O. Suzuki
- 3Neuropathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University; and
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Kapodistrias N, Mavridis K, Batistatou A, Gogou P, Karavasilis V, Sainis I, Briasoulis E, Scorilas A. Assessing the clinical value of microRNAs in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded liposarcoma tissues: Overexpressed miR-155 is an indicator of poor prognosis. Oncotarget 2018; 8:6896-6913. [PMID: 28036291 PMCID: PMC5351678 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Liposarcoma (LPS) is a malignancy with extreme heterogeneity and thus optimization towards personalizing patient prognosis and treatment is essential. Here, we evaluated miR-155, miR-21, miR-143, miR-145 and miR-451 that are implicated in LPS, as novel FFPE tissue biomarkers. A total of 83 FFPE tissue specimens from primary LPS and lipomas (LPM) were analyzed. A proteinase K incubation-Trizol treatment coupled protocol was used for RNA isolation. After polyadenylation of total RNA and reverse transcription, expression analysis of 9 candidate reference and 5 target miRNAs was performed by qPCR. Genorm and NormFinder were used for finding the most suitable molecules for normalization. Survival analyses were performed in order to evaluate the prognostic potential of miRNAs. MiR-103 and miR-191 are most suitable for normalization of miRNA expression in LPS. MiR-155 and miR-21 are clearly overexpressed (P<0.001) in LPS compared with LPM specimens, whereas miR-145 (P<0.001), miR-143 (P =0.008) and miR-451 (P=0.037) are underexpressed. MiR-155 (P=0.007) and miR-21 (P=0.029) are differentially expressed between well-differentiated, dedifferentiated, myxoid/round cell and pleomorphic LPs tumor subtypes. MiR-155 represents a novel independent indicator of unfavorable prognosis in LPS (HR = 2.97, 95% CI = 1.23–7.17, P = 0.016).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Konstantinos Mavridis
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Athens, Greece
| | - Anna Batistatou
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Ioannina, Greece
| | - Penelope Gogou
- Clinical Oncology Department, Norwich University Hospital, UK
| | | | - Ioannis Sainis
- Cancer Biobank Center, University of Ioannina, University Campus, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Evangelos Briasoulis
- Cancer Biobank Center, University of Ioannina, University Campus, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Andreas Scorilas
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Athens, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Gomes SE, Pereira DM, Roma-Rodrigues C, Fernandes AR, Borralho PM, Rodrigues CMP. Convergence of miR-143 overexpression, oxidative stress and cell death in HCT116 human colon cancer cells. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0191607. [PMID: 29360852 PMCID: PMC5779689 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0191607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate a wide variety of biological processes, including tumourigenesis. Altered miRNA expression is associated with deregulation of signalling pathways, which in turn cause abnormal cell growth and de-differentiation, contributing to cancer. miR-143 and miR-145 are anti-tumourigenic and influence the sensitivity of tumour cells to chemotherapy and targeted therapy. Comparative proteomic analysis was performed in HCT116 human colon cancer cells stably transduced with miR-143 or miR-145. Immunoblotting analysis validated the proteomic data in stable and transient miRNA overexpression conditions in human colon cancer cells. We show that approximately 100 proteins are differentially expressed in HCT116 human colon cancer cells stably transduced with miR-143 or miR-145 compared to Empty control cells. Further, Gene Ontology and pathway enrichment analysis indicated that proteins involved in specific cell signalling pathways such as cell death, response to oxidative stress, and protein folding might be modulated by these miRNAs. In particular, antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) was downregulated by stable expression of either miR-143 or miR-145. Further, SOD1 gain-of-function experiments rescued cells from miR-143-induced oxidative stress. Moreover, miR-143 overexpression increased oxaliplatin-induced apoptosis associated with reactive oxygen species generation, which was abrogated by genetic and pharmacological inhibition of oxidative stress. Overall, miR-143 might circumvent resistance of colon cancer cells to oxaliplatin via increased oxidative stress in HCT116 human colon cancer cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sofia E Gomes
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Diane M Pereira
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Catarina Roma-Rodrigues
- UCIBIO, Departamento de Ciências da Vida, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, New University of Lisbon, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Alexandra R Fernandes
- UCIBIO, Departamento de Ciências da Vida, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, New University of Lisbon, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Pedro M Borralho
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Cecília M P Rodrigues
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Regulation of UHRF1 by dual-strand tumor-suppressor microRNA-145 (miR-145-5p and miR-145-3p): Inhibition of bladder cancer cell aggressiveness. Oncotarget 2017; 7:28460-87. [PMID: 27072587 PMCID: PMC5053739 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In microRNA (miRNA) biogenesis, the guide-strand of miRNA integrates into the RNA induced silencing complex (RISC), whereas the passenger-strand is inactivated through degradation. Analysis of our miRNA expression signature of bladder cancer (BC) by deep-sequencing revealed that microRNA (miR)-145-5p (guide-strand) and miR-145-3p (passenger-strand) were significantly downregulated in BC tissues. It is well known that miR-145-5p functions as a tumor suppressor in several types of cancer. However, the impact of miR-145-3p on cancer cells is still ambiguous. The aim of the present study was to investigate the functional significance of miR-145-3p and BC oncogenic pathways and targets regulated by miR-145-5p/miR-145-3p. Ectopic expression of either miR-145-5p or miR-145-3p in BC cells significantly suppressed cancer cell growth, migration and invasion and it also induced apoptosis. The gene encoding ubiquitin-like with PHD and ring finger domains 1 (UHRF1) was a direct target of these miRNAs. Silencing of UHRF1 induced apoptosis and inhibited cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in BC cells. In addition, overexpressed UHRF1 was confirmed in BC clinical specimens, and the high UHRF1 expression group showed a significantly poorer cause specific survival rate in comparison with the low expression group. Taken together, our present data demonstrated that both strands of miR-145 (miR-145-5p: guide-strand and miR-145-3p: passenger-strand) play pivotal roles in BC cells by regulating UHRF1. The identification of the molecular target of a tumor suppressive miRNAs provides novel insights into the potential mechanisms of BC oncogenesis and suggests novel therapeutic strategies.
Collapse
|
36
|
Sreekanth S, Rasheed VA, Soundararajan L, Antony J, Saikia M, Sivakumar KC, Das AV. miR Cluster 143/145 Directly Targets Nrl and Regulates Rod Photoreceptor Development. Mol Neurobiol 2017; 54:8033-8049. [PMID: 27878762 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-016-0237-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 10/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Retinal histogenesis requires coordinated and temporal functioning of factors by which different cell types are generated from multipotent progenitors. Development of rod photoreceptors is regulated by multiple transcription factors, and Nrl is one of the major factors involved in their fate specification. Presence or absence of Nrl at the postnatal stages decides the generation of cone photoreceptors or other later retinal cells. This suggests the need for regulated expression of Nrl in order to accelerate the generation of other cell types during retinal development. We found that miR cluster 143/145, comprising miR-143 and miR-145, targets and imparts a posttranscriptional inhibition of Nrl. Expression of both miRNAs was differentially regulated during retinal development and showed least expression at PN1 stage in which most of the rod photoreceptors are generated. Downregulation of rod photoreceptor regulators and markers upon miR cluster 143/145 overexpression demonstrated that this cluster indeed negatively regulates rod photoreceptors. Further, we prove that Nrl positively regulates miR cluster 143/145, thus establishing a feedback loop regulatory mechanism. This may be one possible mechanism by which Nrl is posttranscriptionally regulated to facilitate the generation of other cell types in retina.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sreekumaran Sreekanth
- Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, 695014, Kerala, India
| | - Vazhanthodi A Rasheed
- Neuro Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, 695014, Kerala, India
| | - Lalitha Soundararajan
- Neuro Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, 695014, Kerala, India
| | - Jayesh Antony
- Cancer Research Program-2, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, 695014, Kerala, India
| | - Minakshi Saikia
- Cancer Research Program-2, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, 695014, Kerala, India
| | | | - Ani V Das
- Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, 695014, Kerala, India.
- Cancer Research Program-9, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, 695014, Kerala, India.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Yamada Y, Koshizuka K, Hanazawa T, Kikkawa N, Okato A, Idichi T, Arai T, Sugawara S, Katada K, Okamoto Y, Seki N. Passenger strand of miR-145-3p acts as a tumor-suppressor by targeting MYO1B in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Int J Oncol 2017; 52:166-178. [PMID: 29115582 PMCID: PMC5743364 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2017.4190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Analysis of the microRNA (miRNA) expression signature of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) based on RNA sequencing showed that dual strands of pre-miR-145 (miR-145-5p, guide strand; and miR-145-3p, passenger strand) were significantly reduced in cancer tissues. In miRNA biogenesis, passenger strands of miRNAs are degraded and have no biological activities in cells. The aims of this study were to investigate the functional significance of the passenger strand of miR-145 and to identify miR-145-3p-regulated oncogenic genes in HNSCC cells. Expression levels of miR-145-5p and miR-145-3p were significantly downregulated in HNSCC tissues and cell lines (SAS and HSC3 cells). Ectopic expression of miR-145-3p inhibited cancer cell proliferation, migration and invasion, similar to miR-145-5p, in HNSCC cells. Myosin 1B (MYO1B) was directly regulated by miR-145-3p, and knockdown of MYO1B by siRNA inhibited cancer cell aggressiveness. Overexpression of MYO1B was confirmed in HNSCC clinical specimens by analysis of protein and mRNA levels. Interestingly, high expression of MYO1B was associated with poor prognosis in patients with HNSCC by analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas database (p=0.00452). Our data demonstrated that the passenger strand of miR-145 acted as an antitumor miRNA through targeting MYO1B in HNSCC cells. The involvement of dual strands of pre-miR-145 (miR-145-5p and miR-145-3p) in the regulation of HNSCC pathogenesis is a novel concept in present RNA research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yasutaka Yamada
- Department of Functional Genomics, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Keiichi Koshizuka
- Department of Functional Genomics, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Toyoyuki Hanazawa
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Naoko Kikkawa
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Atsushi Okato
- Department of Functional Genomics, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Idichi
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-8580, Japan
| | - Takayuki Arai
- Department of Functional Genomics, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Sho Sugawara
- Department of Functional Genomics, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Koji Katada
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Okamoto
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Naohiko Seki
- Department of Functional Genomics, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Wang L, Wu X, Wang B, Wang Q, Han L. Mechanisms of miR-145 regulating invasion and metastasis of ovarian carcinoma. Am J Transl Res 2017; 9:3443-3451. [PMID: 28804560 PMCID: PMC5527258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 05/04/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNA-145 (miR-145) can regulate tumor cell invasion, metastasis, apoptosis, proliferation and stem cell differentiation. However, the molecular mechanisms of miR-145 used to regulate ovarian invasion and metastasis remain to be determined. In this study, Transwell cell migration and wound healing assays were used to detect the effects of miR-145 upregulation on ovarian carcinoma cell invasion and metastasis, respectively. The MUC1 expression vector, together with quantitative real-time PCR and Western blotting, was used to investigate the effects of miR-145 on E-cadherin (E-cad)-induced cell invasion and the related molecular mechanisms. The results showed that miR-145 mimics could inhibit SKOV3 cell invasion and metastasis. MiR-145 inhibited mucin 1 (MUC1) post-transcriptional expression by binding to its 3'-untranslated region. The epithelial mesenchymal transition marker E-cad, which is a downstream molecule of MUC1, was promoted by miR-145 overexpression. Furthermore, the E-cad protein level was inversely correlated with MUC1 expression in SKOV3 cells. These observations indicated that promotion of E-cad signaling induced by miR-145 was restrained by MUC1 inhibition. Thus, miR-145 may serve as a tumor suppressor which can downregulate E-cad expression by targeting MUC1, leading to the inhibition of tumor invasion and metastasis. Using miR-145 mimics may be a rational approach for therapeutic applications in ovarian carcinoma in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ling Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchun, China
| | - Xiaotong Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchun, China
| | - Bowei Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchun, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchun, China
| | - Liying Han
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchun, China
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Vojtechova Z, Zavadil J, Klozar J, Grega M, Tachezy R. Comparison of the miRNA expression profiles in fresh frozen and formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tonsillar tumors. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0179645. [PMID: 28644855 PMCID: PMC5482461 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0179645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs are considered as promising prognostic and diagnostic biomarkers of human cancer since their profiles differ between tumor types. Most of the tumor profiling studies were performed on rarely available fresh frozen (FF) samples. Alternatively, archived formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue samples are also well applicable to larger-scale retrospective miRNA profiling studies. The aim of this study was to perform systematic comparison of the miRNA expression profiles between FF and macrodissected FFPE tonsillar tumors using the TaqMan Low Density Array system, with the data processed by different software programs and two types of normalization methods. We observed a marked correlation between the miRNA expression profiles of paired FF and FFPE samples; however, only 27-38% of the differentially deregulated miRNAs overlapped between the two source systems. The comparison of the results with regard to the distinct modes of data normalization revealed an overlap in 58-67% of differentially expressed miRNAs, with no influence of the choice of software platform. Our study highlights the fact that for an accurate comparison of the miRNA expression profiles from published studies, it is important to use the same type of clinical material and to test and select the best-performing normalization method for data analysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zuzana Vojtechova
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Zavadil
- Molecular Mechanisms and Biomarkers Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Jan Klozar
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, 1 Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Marek Grega
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, 2 Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ruth Tachezy
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Prague, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Arunkumar G, Deva Magendhra Rao AK, Manikandan M, Arun K, Vinothkumar V, Revathidevi S, Rajkumar KS, Rajaraman R, Munirajan AK. Expression profiling of long non-coding RNA identifies linc-RoR as a prognostic biomarker in oral cancer. Tumour Biol 2017; 39:1010428317698366. [PMID: 28443494 DOI: 10.1177/1010428317698366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma is the most aggressive cancer that is associated with high recurrence, metastasis, and poor treatment outcome. Dysregulation of long non-coding RNAs has been shown to promote tumor growth and metastasis in several cancers. In this study, we investigated the expression of 11 selected long non-coding RNAs that are associated with cell proliferation, metastasis, and tumor suppression in oral squamous cell carcinomas and normal tissues by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Out of the 11 long non-coding RNAs profiled, 9 were significantly overexpressed in tumors with tobacco chewing history. Moreover, the long non-coding RNA profile was similar to the head and neck cancer datasets of The Cancer Genome Atlas database. Linc-RoR, a regulator of reprogramming, implicated in tumorigenesis was found to be overexpressed in undifferentiated tumors and showed strong association with tumor recurrence and poor therapeutic response. In oral squamous cell carcinomas, for the first time, we observed linc-RoR overexpression, downregulation of miR-145-5p, and overexpression of c-Myc, Klf4, Oct4, and Sox2, suggesting the existence of linc-RoR-mediated competing endogenous RNA network in undifferentiated tumors. Taken together, this study demonstrated the association of linc-RoR overexpression in undifferentiated oral tumors and its prognostic value to predict the therapeutic response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ganesan Arunkumar
- 1 Department of Genetics, Dr. ALM PG Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani Campus, Chennai, India
| | | | - Mayakannan Manikandan
- 1 Department of Genetics, Dr. ALM PG Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani Campus, Chennai, India
| | - Kanagaraj Arun
- 1 Department of Genetics, Dr. ALM PG Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani Campus, Chennai, India
| | - Vilvanathan Vinothkumar
- 1 Department of Genetics, Dr. ALM PG Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani Campus, Chennai, India
| | - Sundaramoorthy Revathidevi
- 1 Department of Genetics, Dr. ALM PG Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani Campus, Chennai, India
| | | | - Ramamurthy Rajaraman
- 2 Center for Oncology, Royapettah Government Hospital & Kilpauk Medical College, Chennai, India
| | - Arasambattu Kannan Munirajan
- 1 Department of Genetics, Dr. ALM PG Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani Campus, Chennai, India
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
miR-143 and miR-145 disrupt the cervical epithelial barrier through dysregulation of cell adhesion, apoptosis and proliferation. Sci Rep 2017; 7:3020. [PMID: 28596604 PMCID: PMC5465080 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-03217-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 05/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular mechanisms regulating preterm birth (PTB)-associated cervical remodeling remain unclear. Prior work demonstrated an altered miRNA profile, with significant increases in miR-143 and miR-145, in cervical cells of women destined to have a PTB. The study objective was to determine the effect of miR-143 and miR-145 on the cervical epithelial barrier and to elucidate the mechanisms by which these miRNAs modify cervical epithelial cell function. Ectocervical and endocervical cells transfected with miR-negative control, miR-143 or miR-145 were used in cell permeability and flow cytometry assays for apoptosis and proliferation. miR-143 and miR-145 target genes associated with cell adhesion, apoptosis and proliferation were measured. Epithelial cell permeability was increased in miR-143 and miR-145 transfected cervical epithelial cells. Cell adhesion genes, JAM-A and FSCN1, were downregulated with overexpression of miR-143 and miR-145. miR-143 and miR-145 transfection decreased cervical cell number by increasing apoptosis and decreasing cell proliferation through initiation of cell cycle arrest. Apoptosis genes, BCL2 and BIRC5, and proliferation genes, CDK1 and CCND2, were repressed by miR-143 and miR-145. These findings suggest that miR-143 and miR-145 play a significant role in cervical epithelial barrier breakdown through diverse mechanisms and could contribute to premature cervical remodeling associated with PTB.
Collapse
|
42
|
Wilson RA, Deasy W, Hayes A, Cooke MB. High fat diet and associated changes in the expression of micro-RNAs in tissue: Lessons learned from animal studies. Mol Nutr Food Res 2017; 61. [PMID: 28233461 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201600943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2016] [Revised: 01/15/2017] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Environment and genetic factors play an important role in the development of obesity, and diet is one of the main contributing factors to this disease. High fat intake is associated with body weight gain, leading to obesity and other metabolic diseases. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a group of small, noncoding RNAs that are important regulators of gene expression at posttranscriptional level. Studies have shown that high fat intake, independent of body weight status, can significantly impact both negatively and positively the expression of miRNAs and thus the biological function of tissues such as adipose, skeletal, and cardiac muscle, liver, neuronal, and endothelial. This review will summarize the effects of high calorie diet in the form of high fat intake on miRNA expression in various tissues of animal models and of high fat fed offspring. We will also briefly review the impact of different dietary lipids on miRNA expression. Given changes in miRNA expression have been associated with the development of many diseases including obesity, understanding their biological role could have important clinical implications and offer tangible therapeutic targets for the prevention, management, and/or treatment of obesity and other lifestyle-related disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robin A Wilson
- College of Health and Biomedicine, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), Western Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - William Deasy
- College of Health and Biomedicine, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), Western Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Alan Hayes
- College of Health and Biomedicine, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), Western Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Matthew B Cooke
- College of Health and Biomedicine, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), Western Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Sand M, Hessam S, Amur S, Skrygan M, Bromba M, Stockfleth E, Gambichler T, Bechara FG. Expression of oncogenic miR-17-92 and tumor suppressive miR-143-145 clusters in basal cell carcinoma and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. J Dermatol Sci 2017; 86:142-148. [PMID: 28187958 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2017.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Revised: 10/05/2016] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A variety of cancers are associated with the expression of the oncogenic miR-17-92 cluster (Oncomir-1) and tumor suppressor miR-143-5p/miR-145-5p. Epidermal skin cancer has not been investigated for the expression of miR-17-92 and miR-143-145 clusters, despite being extensively studied regarding global microRNA profiles. The goal of this study was to investigate the expression and possible correlation of expression of miR17-92 and miR-143-145 cluster members in epidermal skin cancer. METHODS We evaluated punch biopsies from patients with cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC, n=15) and basal cell carcinoma (BCC, n=16), along with control specimens from non-lesional epidermal skin (n=16). Expression levels of the miR17-92 cluster (including miR-17-5p, miR-17-3p, miR-18a-3p, miR-18a-5p, miR-19a-3p, miR-19a-5p, miR-19b-3p, miR-19b-1-5p, miR-20a-3p, miR-20a-5p, miR-92a-3p, and miR-92a-5p) and the tumor-suppressive cluster miR-143-145 (including miR-143-5p and miR-145-5p) were detected by quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS We noted a highly significant increased expression of the miR-17-92 members miR-17-5p, miR-18a-5p, miR19a-3p, and miR-19b-3p and tumor suppressor miR-143-5p (p<0.01) in cSCC. miR-145-5p had a significantly decreased expression (p<0.05) for in BCC. A correlation analysis revealed multiple correlating miRNA-pairs within and between the investigated clusters. CONCLUSION This study marks the first evidence for the participation of members of the miR-17-92 cluster in cSCC and miR-143-145 cluster in BCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Sand
- Dermatologic Surgery Unit, Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Ruhr-University Bochum, 44791 Bochum, Germany; Department of Plastic Surgery, St. Josef Hospital, Catholic Clinics of the Ruhr Peninsula, 45257 Essen, Germany.
| | - Schapoor Hessam
- Dermatologic Surgery Unit, Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Ruhr-University Bochum, 44791 Bochum, Germany
| | - Susanne Amur
- Dermatologic Surgery Unit, Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Ruhr-University Bochum, 44791 Bochum, Germany; Department of Plastic Surgery, St. Josef Hospital, Catholic Clinics of the Ruhr Peninsula, 45257 Essen, Germany
| | - Marina Skrygan
- Dermatologic Surgery Unit, Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Ruhr-University Bochum, 44791 Bochum, Germany
| | - Michael Bromba
- Department of Plastic Surgery, St. Josef Hospital, Catholic Clinics of the Ruhr Peninsula, 45257 Essen, Germany
| | - Eggert Stockfleth
- Dermatologic Surgery Unit, Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Ruhr-University Bochum, 44791 Bochum, Germany
| | - Thilo Gambichler
- Dermatologic Surgery Unit, Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Ruhr-University Bochum, 44791 Bochum, Germany
| | - Falk G Bechara
- Dermatologic Surgery Unit, Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Ruhr-University Bochum, 44791 Bochum, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
microRNA-145 modulates epithelial-mesenchymal transition and suppresses proliferation, migration and invasion by targeting SIP1 in human cervical cancer cells. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2016; 40:119-131. [PMID: 27933466 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-016-0307-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Previously, it has been reported that microRNA-145 (miR-145) is lowly expressed in human cervical cancers and that its putative tumour suppressive role may be attributed to epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) regulation. Here, we aimed to assess whether miR-145 may affect EMT-associated markers/genes and suppress cervical cancer growth and motility, and to provide a mechanistic basis for these phenomena. METHODS The identification of the SMAD-interacting protein 1 (SIP1) mRNA as putative miR-145 target was investigated using a 3' untranslated region (3'UTR) luciferase assay and Western blotting, respectively. The functional effects of exogenous miR-145 expression, miR-145 suppression or siRNA-mediated SIP1 expression down-regulation in cervical cancer-derived C33A and SiHa cells were analysed using Western blotting, BrdU incorporation (proliferation), transwell migration and invasion assays. In addition, the expression levels of miR-145 and SIP1 were determined in primary human cervical cancer and non-cancer tissue samples using qRT-PCR. RESULTS We found that miR-145 binds to the wild-type 3'UTR of SIP1, but not to its mutant counterpart, and that, through this binding, miR-145 can effectively down-regulate SIP1 expression. In addition, we found that exogenous miR-145 expression or siRNA-mediated down-regulation of SIP1 expression attenuates the proliferation, migration and invasion of C33A and SiHa cells and alters the expression of the EMT-associated markers CDH1, VIM and SNAI1, whereas inhibition of endogenous miR-145 expression elicited the opposite effects. The expression of miR-145 in cervical cancer tissue samples was found to be low, while that of SIP1 was found to be high compared to non-cancerous cervical tissues. An inverse expression correlation between the two was substantiated through the anlaysis of data deposited in the TCGA database. CONCLUSION Our data indicate that low miR-145 expression levels in conjunction with elevated SIP1 expression levels may contribute to cervical cancer development. MiR-145-mediated regulation of SIP1 provides a novel mechanistic basis for its tumour suppressive mode of action in human cervical cancer cells.
Collapse
|
45
|
Zhou Q, Zhu Y, Wei X, Zhou J, Chang L, Sui H, Han Y, Piao D, Sha R, Bai Y. MiR-590-5p inhibits colorectal cancer angiogenesis and metastasis by regulating nuclear factor 90/vascular endothelial growth factor A axis. Cell Death Dis 2016; 7:e2413. [PMID: 27735951 PMCID: PMC5133975 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2016.306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2016] [Revised: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 08/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Altered expression of microRNA-590-5p (miR-590-5p) is involved in tumorigenesis, however, its role in colorectal cancer (CRC) remains to be determined. In this study, we focused on examining the effects of different expression levels of miR-590-5p in cancer cells and normal cells. Results showed that there are lower expression levels of miR-590-5p in human CRC cells and tissues than in normal control cells and tissues. Similarly, in our xenograft mouse model, knockdown of miR-590-5p promoted the progression of CRC. However, an overexpression of miR-590-5p in the mice inhibited angiogenesis, tumor growth, and lung metastasis. Nuclear factor 90 (NF90), a positive regulator of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) mRNA stability and protein synthesis, was shown to be a direct target of miR-590-5p. The overexpression of NF90 restored VEGFA expression and rescued the loss of tumor angiogenesis caused by miR-590-5p. Conversely, the NF90-shRNA attenuated the increased tumor progression caused by the miR-590-5p inhibitor. Clinically, the levels of miR-590-5p were inversely correlated with those of NF90 and VEGFA in CRC tissues. Furthermore, knockdown of NF90 lead to a reduction of pri-miR-590 and an increase of mature miR-590-5p, suggesting a negative feedback loop between miR-590-5p and NF90. Collectively, these data establish miR-590-5p as an anti-onco-miR that inhibits CRC angiogenesis and metastasis through a new mechanism involving NF90/VEGFA signaling axis, highlighting the potential of miR-590-5p as a target for human CRC therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qingxin Zhou
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yuekun Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaoli Wei
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jianhua Zhou
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Liang Chang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Hong Sui
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yu Han
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Daxun Piao
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Ruihua Sha
- Department of Digestive Disease, Hongqi Hospital, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
| | - Yuxian Bai
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Pashaei E, Guzel E, Ozgurses ME, Demirel G, Aydin N, Ozen M. A Meta-Analysis: Identification of Common Mir-145 Target Genes that have Similar Behavior in Different GEO Datasets. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0161491. [PMID: 27655328 PMCID: PMC5031439 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0161491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2016] [Accepted: 08/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND MicroRNAs, which are small regulatory RNAs, post-transcriptionally regulate gene expression by binding 3'-UTR of their mRNA targets. Their deregulation has been shown to cause increased proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis. miR-145, an important tumor supressor microRNA, has shown to be downregulated in many cancer types and has crucial roles in tumor initiation, progression, metastasis, invasion, recurrence, and chemo-radioresistance. Our aim is to investigate potential common target genes of miR-145, and to help understanding the underlying molecular pathways of tumor pathogenesis in association with those common target genes. METHODS Eight published microarray datasets, where targets of mir-145 were investigated in cell lines upon mir-145 over expression, were included into this study for meta-analysis. Inter group variabilities were assessed by box-plot analysis. Microarray datasets were analyzed using GEOquery package in Bioconducter 3.2 with R version 3.2.2 and two-way Hierarchical Clustering was used for gene expression data analysis. RESULTS Meta-analysis of different GEO datasets showed that UNG, FUCA2, DERA, GMFB, TF, and SNX2 were commonly downregulated genes, whereas MYL9 and TAGLN were found to be commonly upregulated upon mir-145 over expression in prostate, breast, esophageal, bladder cancer, and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Biological process, molecular function, and pathway analysis of these potential targets of mir-145 through functional enrichments in PPI network demonstrated that those genes are significantly involved in telomere maintenance, DNA binding and repair mechanisms. CONCLUSION As a conclusion, our results indicated that mir-145, through targeting its common potential targets, may significantly contribute to tumor pathogenesis in distinct cancer types and might serve as an important target for cancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elnaz Pashaei
- Department of Computer Engineering, Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Esra Guzel
- Biruni University, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Topkapi, Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Medical Genetics, Istanbul University Cerrahpasa Medical School, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mete Emir Ozgurses
- Biruni University, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Topkapi, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Goksun Demirel
- Biruni University, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Topkapi, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nizamettin Aydin
- Department of Computer Engineering, Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Ozen
- Biruni University, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Topkapi, Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Medical Genetics, Istanbul University Cerrahpasa Medical School, Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Pathology & Immunology Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, 77030, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Ho TT, He X, Mo YY, Beck WT. Transient resistance to DNA damaging agents is associated with expression of microRNAs-135b and -196b in human leukemia cell lines. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2016; 7:27-47. [PMID: 27570640 PMCID: PMC4981649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2016] [Accepted: 07/22/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The acquisition of resistance to anticancer drugs is widely viewed as a key obstacle to successful cancer therapy. However, detailed knowledge of the initial molecular events in the response of cancer cells to these chemotherapeutic and stress responses, and how these lead to the development of chemoresistance, remains incompletely understood. Using microRNA array and washout and rechallenge experiments, we found that short term treatment of leukemia cells with etoposide led a few days later to transient resistance that was associated with a corresponding transient increase in expression of ABCB1 mRNA, as well as microRNA (miR)-135b and miR-196b. This phenomenon was associated with short-term exposure to genotoxic agents, such as etoposide, topotecan, doxorubicin and ionizing radiation, but not agents that do not directly damage DNA. Further, this appeared to be histiotype-specific, and was seen in leukemic cells, but not in cell lines derived from solid tumors. Treatment of leukemic cells with either 5-aza-deoxycytidine or tricostatin A produced similar increased expression of ABCB1, miR-135b, and miR-196b, suggesting a role for epigenetic regulation of this phenomenon. Bioinformatics analyses revealed that CACNA1E, ARHGEF2, PTK2, SIAH1, ARHGAP6, and NME4 may be involved in the initial events in the development of drug resistance following the upregulation of ABCB1, miR-135b and miR-196b. In summary, we report herein that short-term exposure of cells to DNA damaging agents leads to transient drug resistance, which is associated with elevations in ABCB1, miR-135b and miR-196b, and suggests novel components that may be involved in the development of anticancer drug resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tsui-Ting Ho
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at ChicagoChicago 60612, IL, USA
- Cancer Institute, University of Mississippi Medical CenterJackson, 39216, MS, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Mississippi Medical CenterJackson, 39216, MS, USA
| | - Xiaolong He
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at ChicagoChicago 60612, IL, USA
- Cancer Center, University of Illinois at ChicagoChicago 60612, IL, USA
| | - Yin-Yuan Mo
- Cancer Institute, University of Mississippi Medical CenterJackson, 39216, MS, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical CenterJackson, 39216, MS, USA
| | - William T Beck
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at ChicagoChicago 60612, IL, USA
- Cancer Center, University of Illinois at ChicagoChicago 60612, IL, USA
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Cioce M, Strano S, Muti P, Blandino G. Mir 145/143: tumor suppressor, oncogenic microenvironmental factor or ...both? Aging (Albany NY) 2016; 8:1153-5. [PMID: 27208668 PMCID: PMC4931860 DOI: 10.18632/aging.100965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2016] [Accepted: 05/18/2016] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mario Cioce
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, Regina Elena, National Cancer Institute, Rome, 00144 Italy
| | - Sabrina Strano
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, Regina Elena, National Cancer Institute, Rome, 00144 Italy
- Department of Oncology, Juravinski Cancer Center-McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Paola Muti
- Department of Oncology, Juravinski Cancer Center-McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Giovanni Blandino
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, Regina Elena, National Cancer Institute, Rome, 00144 Italy
- Department of Oncology, Juravinski Cancer Center-McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Abstract
miR-143 and miR-145 have been widely described as tumor suppressors. Recent findings suggest these microRNAs (miRNAs) have a critical role that affects the stroma rather than epithelial cells. Understanding the part played by the miR-143/miR-145 cluster in the tumor microenvironment is essential for the development of future miRNA-related therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Inês Almeida
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde/Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (I3S), University of Porto, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal. .,Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica (INEB), University of Porto, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal.
| | - George Adrian Calin
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.,Center for RNAi and Non-Coding RNA, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Let-7a suppresses glioma cell proliferation and invasion through TGF-β/Smad3 signaling pathway by targeting HMGA2. Tumour Biol 2015; 37:8107-19. [PMID: 26715270 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-4674-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2015] [Accepted: 12/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been shown that let-7a was associated with the tumorigenesis of glioma. Our study was designed to infer how let-7a targets high-mobility AT-hook 2 (HMGA2) and suppresses glioma cell proliferation, invasion, and migration. Glioma tissues from 60 glioma patients and 10 normal brain tissues were collected in this study. Real-time quantitative reverse transcription-PCR (qRT-PCR) and in situ hybridization were used to detect the expression levels of let-7a in tissues and cells. The HMGA2 and the proteins related to transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β)/Smad3 signaling pathway were measured by immunohistochemistry and western blot. Glioma U87 cells were transfected with either let-7a mimics, HMGA2 small interfering RNA (siRNA), let-7a mimics + HMGA2, HMGA2, or scramble. A cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay was used to detect and compare the difference among various transfection groups. Glioma tumor xenograft models on mice were built to evaluate the effects of let-7a and HMGA2 siRNA on glioma tumors in vivo. The expression level of let-7a significantly downregulated in glioma tissues, while the HMGA2 positive expression rate notably increased compared with those in normal brain tissues (all P < 0.05). Moreover, the expression levels of let-7a and HMGA2 were correlated with glioma grades (all P < 0.05). The proliferation of U87 cells transfected with let-7a mimics or HMGA2 siRNA was significantly inhibited in comparison to the blank control group and the apoptosis rates of U87 cells transfected with let-7a mimics or HMGA2 siRNA were significantly higher than those in the blank control group (all P < 0.05). Let-7a or HMGA2 siRNA could remarkably attenuate the invasion and migration ability of glioma cells (all P < 0.05). Apart from that, over-expressed exogenous HMGA2 could reverse the inhibition of glioma cell metastasis and proliferation induced by let-7a. As suggested by immunohistochemistry and western blot, the expression levels of TGF-β1 and p-Smad3 significantly decreased compared with the blank or scramble group (all P < 0.05). Thus, let-7a and HMGA2 siRNA could effectively suppress the growth of tumors in glioma xenograft models. Let-7a may suppress the proliferation and invasion of glioma cells through mediating TGF-β/Smad3 signaling pathway by targeting HMGA2.
Collapse
|