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Gnanagurusamy J, Krishnamoorthy S, Muthusami S. Transforming growth factor-β micro-environment mediated immune cell functions in cervical cancer. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 140:112837. [PMID: 39111147 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024]
Abstract
Propensity to develop cervical cancer (CC) in human papilloma virus (HPV) infected individual could potentially involve the impaired immune functioning. Several stages of HPV surveillance by immune cells in tumor micro-environment (TME) is regulated mainly by transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) and is crucial for the establishment of CC. The role of TGF-β in the initiation and progression of CC is very complex and involve different suppressor of mothers against decapentaplegic homolog (SMAD) dependent and SMAD independent signaling mechanism(s). This review summarizes the handling of HPV by immune cells such as T lymphocytes, B lymphocytes, natural killer cells (NK), dendritic cells (DC), monocytes, macrophages, myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSC) and their regulation by TGF-β. The hijack mechanisms adapted by HPV to evade this surveillance process is discussed. Biomarkers indicating the stages of CC and immune checkpoints that can be targeted for improved outcome are included for immune-based theragnostics. This review also addresses the direct actions of TGF-β on CC cells and tumor/immune cell interactions. Therapies focused on targeting TGF-β using small molecule inhibitors, monoclonal antibodies and TGF-β chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)T cells are collated to understand the current strategies related to TGF-β in the management of CC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayapradha Gnanagurusamy
- Department of Biochemistry, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore 641 021, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sneha Krishnamoorthy
- Department of Biochemistry, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore 641 021, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sridhar Muthusami
- Department of Biochemistry, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore 641 021, Tamil Nadu, India; Centre for Cancer Research, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore 641 021, Tamil Nadu, India.
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2
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Frame G, Leong H, Haas R, Huang X, Wright J, Emmenegger U, Downes M, Boutros PC, Kislinger T, Liu SK. Targeting PLOD2 suppresses invasion and metastatic potential in radiorecurrent prostate cancer. BJC REPORTS 2024; 2:60. [PMID: 39184453 PMCID: PMC11338830 DOI: 10.1038/s44276-024-00085-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 07/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/27/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
Background Metastatic relapse of prostate cancer after radiotherapy is a significant cause of prostate cancer-related morbidity and mortality. PLOD2 is a mediator of invasion and metastasis that we identified as being upregulated in our highly aggressive radiorecurrent prostate cancer cell line. Methods Patient dataset analysis was conducted using a variety of prostate cancer cohorts. Prostate cancer cell lines were treated with siRNA, or the drug PX-478 prior to in vitro invasion, migration, or in vivo chick embryo (CAM) extravasation assay. Protein levels were detected by western blot. For RNA analysis, RNA sequencing was conducted on PLOD2 knockdown cells and validated by qRT-PCR. Results PLOD2 is a negative prognostic factor associated with biochemical relapse, driving invasion, migration, and extravasation in radiorecurrent prostate cancer. Mechanistically, HIF1α upregulation drives PLOD2 expression in our radiorecurrent prostate cancer cells, which is effectively inhibited by HIF1α inhibitor PX-478 to reduce invasion, migration, and extravasation. Finally, the long non-coding RNA LNCSRLR acts as a promoter of invasion downstream of PLOD2. Conclusions Together, our results demonstrate for the first time the role of PLOD2 in radiorecurrent prostate cancer invasiveness, and point towards its potential as a therapeutic target to reduce metastasis and improve survival outcomes in prostate cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gavin Frame
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON Canada
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON Canada
| | - Hon Leong
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON Canada
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON Canada
| | - Roni Haas
- University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - Xiaoyong Huang
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON Canada
| | - Jessica Wright
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON Canada
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON Canada
| | - Urban Emmenegger
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON Canada
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON Canada
| | - Michelle Downes
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON Canada
| | | | - Thomas Kislinger
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON Canada
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON Canada
| | - Stanley K. Liu
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON Canada
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON Canada
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON Canada
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3
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Zhao F, Zhang K, Ma L, Huang Y. Identification of epithelial-related artificial neural network prognostic models for the prediction of bladder cancer prognosis through comprehensive analysis of single-cell and bulk RNA sequencing. Heliyon 2024; 10:e34632. [PMID: 39157397 PMCID: PMC11328080 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e34632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Bladder cancer (BLCA) presents as a heterogeneous epithelial malignancy. Progress in the early detection and effective treatment of BLCA relies heavily on the identification of novel biomarkers. Therefore, the primary goal of this study is to pinpoint potential biomarkers for BLCA through the fusion of single-cell RNA sequencing and RNA sequencing assessments. Furthermore, the aim is to establish practical clinical prognostic models that can facilitate accurate categorization and individualized therapy for patients. Methods In this research, training sets were acquired from the TCGA database, whereas validation sets (GSE32894) and single-cell datasets (GSE135337) were extracted from the GEO database. Single-cell analysis was utilized to obtain characteristic subpopulations along with their associated marker genes. Subsequently, a novel BLCA subtype was identified within TCGA-BLCA. Furthermore, an artificial neural network prognostic model was constructed within the TCGA-BLCA cohort and subsequently verified utilizing a validation set. Two machine learning algorithms were employed to screen hub genes. QRT-qPCR was performed to detect the gene expression levels utilized in the construction of prognostic models across various cell lines. Additionally, the cMAP database and molecular docking were utilized for searching small molecule drugs. Results The results of single-cell analysis revealed the presence of epithelial cells in multiple subpopulations, with 1579 marker genes selected for subsequent investigations. Subsequently, four epithelial cell subtypes were identified within the TCGA-BLCA cohort. Notably, cluster A exhibited a significant survival advantage. Concurrently, an artificial neural network prognostic model comprising 17 feature genes was constructed, accurately stratifying patient risk. Patients categorized in the low-risk group demonstrated a considerable survival advantage. The ROC analysis suggested that the model has strong prognostic ability. Furthermore, the findings of the validation group align consistently with those from the training group. Two types of machine learning algorithms screened NFIC as hub genes. Forskolin, a small molecule drug that binds to NFIC, was identified by employing a cMAP database and molecular docking. Conclusion The analysis results supplement the research on the role of epithelial cells in BLCA. An artificial neural network prognostic model containing 17 characteristic genes demonstrates the capability to accurately stratify patient risk, thereby potentially improving clinical decision-making and optimizing personalized therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Zhao
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Limin Ma
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Yeqing Huang
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
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4
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Revert-Ros F, Ventura I, Prieto-Ruiz JA, Hernández-Andreu JM, Revert F. The Versatility of Collagen in Pharmacology: Targeting Collagen, Targeting with Collagen. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6523. [PMID: 38928229 PMCID: PMC11203716 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Revised: 06/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Collagen, a versatile family of proteins with 28 members and 44 genes, is pivotal in maintaining tissue integrity and function. It plays a crucial role in physiological processes like wound healing, hemostasis, and pathological conditions such as fibrosis and cancer. Collagen is a target in these processes. Direct methods for collagen modulation include enzymatic breakdown and molecular binding approaches. For instance, Clostridium histolyticum collagenase is effective in treating localized fibrosis. Polypeptides like collagen-binding domains offer promising avenues for tumor-specific immunotherapy and drug delivery. Indirect targeting of collagen involves regulating cellular processes essential for its synthesis and maturation, such as translation regulation and microRNA activity. Enzymes involved in collagen modification, such as prolyl-hydroxylases or lysyl-oxidases, are also indirect therapeutic targets. From another perspective, collagen is also a natural source of drugs. Enzymatic degradation of collagen generates bioactive fragments known as matrikines and matricryptins, which exhibit diverse pharmacological activities. Overall, collagen-derived peptides present significant therapeutic potential beyond tissue repair, offering various strategies for treating fibrosis, cancer, and genetic disorders. Continued research into specific collagen targeting and the application of collagen and its derivatives may lead to the development of novel treatments for a range of pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Fernando Revert
- Mitochondrial and Molecular Medicine Research Group, Facultad de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Católica de Valencia San Vicente Mártir, 46001 Valencia, Spain; (F.R.-R.); (I.V.); (J.A.P.-R.); (J.M.H.-A.)
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5
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Liu Y, Murazzi I, Fuller AM, Pan H, Irizarry-Negron VM, Devine A, Katti R, Skuli N, Ciotti GE, Pak K, Pack MA, Simon MC, Weber K, Cooper K, Eisinger-Mathason TK. Sarcoma Cells Secrete Hypoxia-Modified Collagen VI to Weaken the Lung Endothelial Barrier and Promote Metastasis. Cancer Res 2024; 84:977-993. [PMID: 38335278 PMCID: PMC10984776 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-23-0910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Intratumoral hypoxia correlates with metastasis and poor survival in patients with sarcoma. Using an impedance sensing assay and a zebrafish intravital microinjection model, we demonstrated here that the hypoxia-inducible collagen-modifying enzyme lysyl hydroxylase PLOD2 and its substrate collagen type VI (COLVI) weaken the lung endothelial barrier and promote transendothelial migration. Mechanistically, hypoxia-induced PLOD2 in sarcoma cells modified COLVI, which was then secreted into the vasculature. Upon reaching the apical surface of lung endothelial cells, modified COLVI from tumor cells activated integrin β1 (ITGβ1). Furthermore, activated ITGβ1 colocalized with Kindlin2, initiating their interaction with F-actin and prompting its polymerization. Polymerized F-actin disrupted endothelial adherens junctions and induced barrier dysfunction. Consistently, modified and secreted COLVI was required for the late stages of lung metastasis in vivo. Analysis of patient gene expression and survival data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) revealed an association between the expression of both PLOD2 and COLVI and patient survival. Furthermore, high levels of COLVI were detected in surgically resected sarcoma metastases from patient lungs and in the blood of tumor-bearing mice. Together, these data identify a mechanism of sarcoma lung metastasis, revealing opportunities for therapeutic intervention. SIGNIFICANCE Collagen type VI modified by hypoxia-induced PLOD2 is secreted by sarcoma cells and binds to integrin β1 on endothelial cells to induce barrier dysfunction, which promotes sarcoma vascular dissemination and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liu
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine
- Penn Sarcoma Program
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute
- Perelman School of Medicine
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Ashley M. Fuller
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine
- Penn Sarcoma Program
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute
- Perelman School of Medicine
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Hehai Pan
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine
- Penn Sarcoma Program
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute
- Perelman School of Medicine
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Valerie M Irizarry-Negron
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine
- Penn Sarcoma Program
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute
- Perelman School of Medicine
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ann Devine
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine
- Penn Sarcoma Program
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute
- Perelman School of Medicine
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Rohan Katti
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine
- Penn Sarcoma Program
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute
- Perelman School of Medicine
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Nicolas Skuli
- Penn Sarcoma Program
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute
- Perelman School of Medicine
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Gabrielle E. Ciotti
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine
- Penn Sarcoma Program
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute
- Perelman School of Medicine
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Koreana Pak
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine
- Penn Sarcoma Program
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute
- Perelman School of Medicine
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Michael A. Pack
- Perelman School of Medicine
- Department of Medicine
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - M. Celeste Simon
- Penn Sarcoma Program
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute
- Perelman School of Medicine
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Kristy Weber
- Penn Sarcoma Program
- Perelman School of Medicine
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Kumarasen Cooper
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine
- Perelman School of Medicine
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - T.S. Karin Eisinger-Mathason
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine
- Penn Sarcoma Program
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute
- Perelman School of Medicine
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Chen Y, He Y, Li Z, Zhang N, Zhou C, He X, Xue D. METTL3 facilitates renal cell carcinoma progression by PLOD2 m 6A-methylation under prolonged hypoxia. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:62. [PMID: 38233403 PMCID: PMC10794171 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-06411-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most prevalent reversible modification in eukaryotic mRNA, and it plays a critical role in tumor progression. The purpose of this study was to investigate the function and regulatory mechanisms of the methyltransferase METTL3 in renal cell carcinoma (RCC). METTL3 expression was upregulated and predicted a poor prognosis in patients with advanced RCC. METTL3 facilitated the proliferation, migration, and invasion of RCC cells, depending on its methylase activity. METTL3 positively regulated the expression of PLOD2, and both genes were triggered under prolonged hypoxia. Mechanistically, hypoxia-induced the binding of HIF-1α to the METTL3 promoter, which enhanced its transcriptional activity. METTL3-mediated m6A modifications of PLOD2 mRNA at 3'UTR region, promoting the translation of PLOD2 protein. Furthermore, silencing METTL3 impaired RCC progression in vitro. In vivo, administration of highly potent and selective METTL3 inhibitor STM2457 showed anti-tumor effects, whereas AAV9-mediated re-transduction of PLOD2 largely abolished the above phenomenon in a subcutaneous mouse model. These findings reveal that hypoxia and HIF-driven METTL3 transcription promote RCC progression by increasing PLOD2 expression in an m6A-dependent manner, suggesting that METTL3 may serve as a novel pharmaceutical intervention for RCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yimeng Chen
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, 213003, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yichen He
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, 213003, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhengsheng Li
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, 213003, Jiangsu, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, 213003, Jiangsu, China
| | - Cuixing Zhou
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, 213003, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaozhou He
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, 213003, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Dong Xue
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, 213003, Jiangsu, China.
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7
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Li K, Niu Y, Li K, Zhong C, Qiu Z, Yuan Y, Shi Y, Lin Z, Huang Z, Zuo D, Yuan Y, Li B. Dysregulation of PLOD2 Promotes Tumor Metastasis and Invasion in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. J Clin Transl Hepatol 2023; 11:1094-1105. [PMID: 37577214 PMCID: PMC10412693 DOI: 10.14218/jcth.2022.00401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims Metastasis is a major factor associated with high recurrence and mortality in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients while the underlying mechanism of metastasis remains elusive. In our study, procollagen-lysine, 2-oxoglutarate 5-dioxygenase 2 (PLOD2) was shown to be involved in the process of metastasis in HCC. Methods The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and HCC tissue microarrays were used to evaluate the expression of genes. In vitro migration, invasion, in vivo subcutaneous tumor model and in vivo lung metastasis assays were used to determine the role of PLOD2 in tumor growth and metastasis in HCC. RNA sequencing and gene set enrichment analysis were performed to uncover the downstream factor of PLOD2 in HCC cells. A luciferase reporter assay was performed to evaluate the interaction between PLOD2 and interferon regulatory factor 5 (IRF5). Results The expression of PLOD2 in HCC tissues was higher than that in adjacent tissues, and increased PLOD2 expression was often found in advanced tumors and was correlated with poor prognosis in HCC patients. In vitro experiments, knockdown of PLOD2 reduced the migration and invasion of human HCC cells. Loss of PLOD2 suppressed human HCC growth and metastasis in a subcutaneous tumor model and a lung metastasis model. Baculoviral IAP repeat containing 3 (BIRC3) was proven to be the downstream factor of PLOD2 in human HCC cells. In addition, PLOD2 was transcriptionally regulated by IRF5 in HCC cells. Conclusions High expression of PLOD2 was regulated by IRF5, which was correlated with the poor survival of HCC patients. PLOD2 enhanced HCC metastasis via BIRC3, suggesting that PLOD2 might be a valuable prognostic biomarker for HCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keren Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yi Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Kai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chengrui Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhiyu Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yichuan Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yunxing Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhu Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhenkun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Dinglan Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yunfei Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Binkui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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8
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Sikander M, Malik S, Apraku J, Kumari S, Khan P, Mandil H, Ganju A, Chauhan B, Bell MC, Singh MM, Khan S, Yallapu MM, Halaweish FT, Jaggi M, Chauhan SC. Synthesis and Antitumor Activity of Brominated-Ormeloxifene (Br-ORM) against Cervical Cancer. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:38839-38848. [PMID: 37901538 PMCID: PMC10601051 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c02277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
Aberrant regulation of β-catenin signaling is strongly linked with cancer proliferation, invasion, migration, and metastasis, thus, small molecules that can inhibit this pathway might have great clinical significance. Our molecular modeling studies suggest that ormeloxifene (ORM), a triphenylethylene molecule that docks with β-catenin, and its brominated analogue (Br-ORM) bind more effectively with relatively less energy (-7.6 kcal/mol) to the active site of β-catenin as compared to parent ORM. Herein, we report the synthesis and characterization of a Br-ORM by NMR and FTIR, as well as its anticancer activity in cervical cancer models. Br-ORM treatment effectively inhibited tumorigenic features (cell proliferation and colony-forming ability, etc.) and induced apoptotic death, as evident by pronounced PARP cleavage. Furthermore, Br-ORM treatment caused cell cycle arrest at the G1-S phase. Mechanistic investigation revealed that Br-ORM targets the key proteins involved in promoting epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), as demonstrated by upregulation of E-cadherin and repression of N-cadherin, Vimentin, Snail, MMP-2, and MMP-9 expression. Br-ORM also represses the expression and nuclear subcellular localization of β-catenin. Consequently, Br-ORM treatment effectively inhibited tumor growth in an orthotopic cervical cancer xenograft mouse model along with EMT associated changes as compared to vehicle control-treated mice. Altogether, experimental findings suggest that Br-ORM is a novel, promising β-catenin inhibitor and therefore can be harnessed as a potent anticancer small molecule for cervical cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Sikander
- Department
of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, Texas 78504, United States
- South
Texas Center of Excellence in Cancer Research, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, Texas 78504, United States
- University
of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee 38163, United States
| | - Shabnam Malik
- Department
of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, Texas 78504, United States
- South
Texas Center of Excellence in Cancer Research, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, Texas 78504, United States
- University
of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee 38163, United States
| | - John Apraku
- South
Dakota State University, Brookings, South Dakota 57007-2201, United States
| | - Sonam Kumari
- University
of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee 38163, United States
- National
Institutes of Health, Bathesda, South Dakota 20892-4874, United States
| | - Parvez Khan
- Jamia
Millia Islamia University, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Hassan Mandil
- University
of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee 38163, United States
| | - Aditya Ganju
- University
of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee 38163, United States
- Memorial
Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065 United States
| | - Bhavin Chauhan
- University
of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee 38163, United States
| | - Maria C. Bell
- Sanford
Health, Sanford Gynecologic Oncology Clinic, Sioux Falls, South Dakota 57104, United States
| | - Man Mohan Singh
- Endocrinology
Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226001, India
| | - Sheema Khan
- Department
of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, Texas 78504, United States
- South
Texas Center of Excellence in Cancer Research, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, Texas 78504, United States
- University
of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee 38163, United States
| | - Murali M. Yallapu
- Department
of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, Texas 78504, United States
- South
Texas Center of Excellence in Cancer Research, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, Texas 78504, United States
- University
of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee 38163, United States
| | - Fathi T. Halaweish
- South
Dakota State University, Brookings, South Dakota 57007-2201, United States
| | - Meena Jaggi
- Department
of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, Texas 78504, United States
- South
Texas Center of Excellence in Cancer Research, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, Texas 78504, United States
- University
of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee 38163, United States
| | - Subhash C. Chauhan
- Department
of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, Texas 78504, United States
- South
Texas Center of Excellence in Cancer Research, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, Texas 78504, United States
- University
of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee 38163, United States
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Tong Y, Qi Y, Xiong G, Li J, Scott TL, Chen J, He D, Li L, Wang C, Lane AN, Xu R. The PLOD2/succinate axis regulates the epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity and cancer cell stemness. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2214942120. [PMID: 37155842 PMCID: PMC10194013 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2214942120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Aberrant accumulation of succinate has been detected in many cancers. However, the cellular function and regulation of succinate in cancer progression is not completely understood. Using stable isotope-resolved metabolomics analysis, we showed that the epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) was associated with profound changes in metabolites, including elevation of cytoplasmic succinate levels. The treatment with cell-permeable succinate induced mesenchymal phenotypes in mammary epithelial cells and enhanced cancer cell stemness. Chromatin immunoprecipitation and sequence analysis showed that elevated cytoplasmic succinate levels were sufficient to reduce global 5-hydroxymethylcytosinene (5hmC) accumulation and induce transcriptional repression of EMT-related genes. We showed that expression of procollagen-lysine,2-oxoglutarate 5-dioxygenase 2 (PLOD2) was associated with elevation of cytoplasmic succinate during the EMT process. Silencing of PLOD2 expression in breast cancer cells reduced succinate levels and inhibited cancer cell mesenchymal phenotypes and stemness, which was accompanied by elevated 5hmC levels in chromatin. Importantly, exogenous succinate rescued cancer cell stemness and 5hmC levels in PLOD2-silenced cells, suggesting that PLOD2 promotes cancer progression at least partially through succinate. These results reveal the previously unidentified function of succinate in enhancing cancer cell plasticity and stemness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Tong
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY40536
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY40536
| | - Yifei Qi
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY40536
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY40536
| | - Gaofeng Xiong
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY40536
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY40536
| | - Junyan Li
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY40536
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY40536
| | - Timothy L. Scott
- Center for Environmental and Systems Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY40536
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY40536
| | - Jie Chen
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY40536
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY40536
| | - Daheng He
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY40536
| | - Linzhang Li
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY40536
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY40536
| | - Chi Wang
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY40536
| | - Andrew N. Lane
- Center for Environmental and Systems Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY40536
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY40536
| | - Ren Xu
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY40536
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY40536
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10
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Liu Q, Liu N, van der Noord V, van der Stel W, van de Water B, Danen EHJ, Le Dévédec SE. Differential response of luminal and basal breast cancer cells to acute and chronic hypoxia. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2023; 198:583-596. [PMID: 36826702 PMCID: PMC10036440 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-023-06863-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxia is linked to disease progression and poor prognosis in several cancers, including breast cancer. Cancer cells can encounter acute, chronic, and/or intermittent periods of oxygen deprivation and it is poorly understood how the different breast cancer subtypes respond to such hypoxia regimes. Here, we assessed the response of representative cell lines for the luminal and basal A subtype to acute (24 h) and chronic hypoxia (5 days). High throughput targeted transcriptomics analysis showed that HIF-related pathways are significantly activated in both subtypes. Indeed, HIF1⍺ nuclear accumulation and activation of the HIF1⍺ target gene CA9 were comparable. Based on the number of differentially expressed genes: (i) 5 days of exposure to hypoxia induced a more profound transcriptional reprogramming than 24 h, and (ii) basal A cells were less affected by acute and chronic hypoxia as compared to luminal cells. Hypoxia-regulated gene networks were identified of which hub genes were associated with worse survival in breast cancer patients. Notably, while chronic hypoxia altered the regulation of the cell cycle in both cell lines, it induced two distinct adaptation programs in these subtypes. Mainly genes controlling central carbon metabolism were affected in the luminal cells whereas genes controlling the cytoskeleton were affected in the basal A cells. In agreement, in response to chronic hypoxia, lactate secretion was more prominently increased in the luminal cell lines which were associated with the upregulation of the GAPDH glycolytic enzyme. This was not observed in the basal A cell lines. In contrast, basal A cells displayed enhanced cell migration associated with more F-actin stress fibers whereas luminal cells did not. Altogether, these data show distinct responses to acute and chronic hypoxia that differ considerably between luminal and basal A cells. This differential adaptation is expected to play a role in the progression of these different breast cancer subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuyu Liu
- Division of Drug Discovery and Safety, Leiden Academic Centre of Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Nasi Liu
- Division of Drug Discovery and Safety, Leiden Academic Centre of Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Vera van der Noord
- Division of Drug Discovery and Safety, Leiden Academic Centre of Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Wanda van der Stel
- Division of Drug Discovery and Safety, Leiden Academic Centre of Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Bob van de Water
- Division of Drug Discovery and Safety, Leiden Academic Centre of Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Erik H J Danen
- Division of Drug Discovery and Safety, Leiden Academic Centre of Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Sylvia E Le Dévédec
- Division of Drug Discovery and Safety, Leiden Academic Centre of Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands.
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11
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Estep JA, Sun LO, Riccomagno MM. A luciferase fragment complementation assay to detect focal adhesion kinase (FAK) signaling events. Heliyon 2023; 9:e15282. [PMID: 37089315 PMCID: PMC10119766 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Integrin Adhesion Complexes (IACs) serve as links between the cytoskeleton and extracellular environment, acting as mechanosensing and signaling hubs. As such, IACs participate in many aspects of cellular motility, tissue morphogenesis, anchorage-dependent growth and cell survival. Focal Adhesion Kinase (FAK) has emerged as a critical organizer of IAC signaling events due to its early recruitment and diverse substrates, and thus has become a genetic and therapeutic target. Here we present the design and characterization of simple, reversible, and scalable Bimolecular Complementation sensors to monitor FAK phosphorylation in living cells. These probes provide novel means to quantify IAC signaling, expanding on the currently available toolkit for interrogating FAK phosphorylation during diverse cellular processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason A. Estep
- Cell, Molecular and Developmental Biology Program, Department of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Lu O. Sun
- Department of Molecular Biology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Martin M. Riccomagno
- Cell, Molecular and Developmental Biology Program, Department of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
- Neuroscience Program, Department of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
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12
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Yang Z, Zhou L, Si T, Chen S, Liu C, Ng KK, Wang Z, Chen Z, Qiu C, Liu G, Wang Q, Zhou X, Zhang L, Yao Z, He S, Yang M, Zhou Z. Lysyl hydroxylase LH1 promotes confined migration and metastasis of cancer cells by stabilizing Septin2 to enhance actin network. Mol Cancer 2023; 22:21. [PMID: 36721170 PMCID: PMC9887875 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-023-01727-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Excessive extracellular matrix deposition and increased stiffness are typical features of solid tumors such as hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). These conditions create confined spaces for tumor cell migration and metastasis. The regulatory mechanism of confined migration remains unclear. METHODS LC-MS was applied to determine the differentially expressed proteins between HCC tissues and corresponding adjacent tissue. Collective migration and single cell migration microfluidic devices with 6 μm-high confined channels were designed and fabricated to mimic the in vivo confined space. 3D invasion assay was created by Matrigel and Collagen I mixture treat to adherent cells. 3D spheroid formation under various stiffness environment was developed by different substitution percentage GelMA. Immunoprecipitation was performed to pull down the LH1-binding proteins, which were identified by LC-MS. Immunofluorescent staining, FRET, RT-PCR, Western blotting, FRAP, CCK-8, transwell cell migration, wound healing, orthotopic liver injection mouse model and in vivo imaging were used to evaluate the target expression and cellular phenotype. RESULTS Lysyl hydroxylase 1 (LH1) promoted the confined migration of cancer cells at both collective and single cell levels. In addition, LH1 enhanced cell invasion in a 3D biomimetic model and spheroid formation in stiffer environments. High LH1 expression correlated with poor prognosis of both HCC and PDAC patients, while it also promoted in vivo metastasis. Mechanistically, LH1 bound and stabilized Septin2 (SEPT2) to enhance actin polymerization, depending on the hydroxylase domain. Finally, the subpopulation with high expression of both LH1 and SEPT2 had the poorest prognosis. CONCLUSIONS LH1 promotes the confined migration and metastasis of cancer cells by stabilizing SEPT2 and thus facilitating actin polymerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihan Yang
- grid.35030.350000 0004 1792 6846Department of Biomedical Sciences, and Tung Biomedical Sciences Center, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, People’s Republic of China ,grid.35030.350000 0004 1792 6846Department of Precision Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technology, City University of Hong Kong Futian Research Institute, Shenzhen, Guangdong China
| | - Li Zhou
- grid.35030.350000 0004 1792 6846Department of Biomedical Sciences, and Tung Biomedical Sciences Center, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, People’s Republic of China ,grid.412461.40000 0004 9334 6536Department of Gastroenterology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Tongxu Si
- grid.35030.350000 0004 1792 6846Department of Biomedical Sciences, and Tung Biomedical Sciences Center, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, People’s Republic of China ,grid.35030.350000 0004 1792 6846Department of Precision Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technology, City University of Hong Kong Futian Research Institute, Shenzhen, Guangdong China
| | - Siyuan Chen
- grid.412461.40000 0004 9334 6536Department of Gastroenterology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chengxi Liu
- grid.16890.360000 0004 1764 6123State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Research Institute for Future Food and Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Kelvin Kaki Ng
- grid.35030.350000 0004 1792 6846Department of Biomedical Sciences, and Tung Biomedical Sciences Center, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, People’s Republic of China ,grid.35030.350000 0004 1792 6846Department of Precision Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technology, City University of Hong Kong Futian Research Institute, Shenzhen, Guangdong China
| | - Zesheng Wang
- grid.35030.350000 0004 1792 6846Department of Biomedical Sciences, and Tung Biomedical Sciences Center, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, People’s Republic of China ,grid.35030.350000 0004 1792 6846Department of Precision Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technology, City University of Hong Kong Futian Research Institute, Shenzhen, Guangdong China
| | - Zhiji Chen
- grid.412461.40000 0004 9334 6536Department of Gastroenterology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chan Qiu
- grid.412461.40000 0004 9334 6536Department of Gastroenterology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Guopan Liu
- grid.35030.350000 0004 1792 6846Department of Biomedical Sciences, and Tung Biomedical Sciences Center, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, People’s Republic of China ,grid.35030.350000 0004 1792 6846Department of Precision Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technology, City University of Hong Kong Futian Research Institute, Shenzhen, Guangdong China
| | - Qingliang Wang
- grid.412461.40000 0004 9334 6536Department of Pathology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhou
- grid.35030.350000 0004 1792 6846Department of Biomedical Sciences, and Tung Biomedical Sciences Center, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, People’s Republic of China ,grid.35030.350000 0004 1792 6846Department of Precision Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technology, City University of Hong Kong Futian Research Institute, Shenzhen, Guangdong China
| | - Liang Zhang
- grid.35030.350000 0004 1792 6846Department of Biomedical Sciences, and Tung Biomedical Sciences Center, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, People’s Republic of China ,grid.35030.350000 0004 1792 6846Department of Precision Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technology, City University of Hong Kong Futian Research Institute, Shenzhen, Guangdong China
| | - Zhongping Yao
- grid.16890.360000 0004 1764 6123State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Research Institute for Future Food and Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Song He
- grid.412461.40000 0004 9334 6536Department of Gastroenterology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Mengsu Yang
- grid.35030.350000 0004 1792 6846Department of Biomedical Sciences, and Tung Biomedical Sciences Center, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, People’s Republic of China ,grid.35030.350000 0004 1792 6846Department of Precision Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technology, City University of Hong Kong Futian Research Institute, Shenzhen, Guangdong China
| | - Zhihang Zhou
- grid.35030.350000 0004 1792 6846Department of Biomedical Sciences, and Tung Biomedical Sciences Center, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, People’s Republic of China ,grid.412461.40000 0004 9334 6536Department of Gastroenterology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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13
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Sorvina A, Antoniou M, Esmaeili Z, Kochetkova M. Unusual Suspects: Bone and Cartilage ECM Proteins as Carcinoma Facilitators. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15030791. [PMID: 36765749 PMCID: PMC9913341 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15030791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is the complex three-dimensional network of fibrous proteins and proteoglycans that constitutes an essential part of every tissue to provide support for normal tissue homeostasis. Tissue specificity of the ECM in its topology and structure supports unique biochemical and mechanical properties of each organ. Cancers, like normal tissues, require the ECM to maintain multiple processes governing tumor development, progression and spread. A large body of experimental and clinical evidence has now accumulated to demonstrate essential roles of numerous ECM components in all cancer types. Latest findings also suggest that multiple tumor types express, and use to their advantage, atypical ECM components that are not found in the cancer tissue of origin. However, the understanding of cancer-specific expression patterns of these ECM proteins and their exact roles in selected tumor types is still sketchy. In this review, we summarize the latest data on the aberrant expression of bone and cartilage ECM proteins in epithelial cancers and their specific functions in the pathogenesis of carcinomas and discuss future directions in exploring the utility of this selective group of ECM components as future drug targets.
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14
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Yang H, Zou X, Yang S, Zhang A, Li N, Ma Z. Identification of lactylation related model to predict prognostic, tumor infiltrating immunocytes and response of immunotherapy in gastric cancer. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1149989. [PMID: 36936929 PMCID: PMC10020516 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1149989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The epigenetic regulatory chemical lactate is a product of glycolysis. It can regulate gene expression through histone lactylation, thereby promoting tumor proliferation, metastasis, and immunosuppression. Methods In this study, a lactylation-related model for gastric cancer (GC) was constructed, and its relationships to prognosis, immune cell infiltration, and immunotherapy were investigated. By contrasting normal tissues and tumor tissues, four lactylation-related pathways that were substantially expressed in GC tissues were found in the GSEA database. Six lactylation-related genes were screened for bioinformatic analysis. The GC data sets from the TCGA and GEO databases were downloaded and integrated to perform cluster analysis, and the lactylation related model was constructed by secondary clustering. Results The fingding demonstrated that the lactylation score has a strong correlation with the overall survival rate from GC and the progression of GC. Mechanistic experiments showed that abundant immune cell infiltration (macrophages showed the highest degree of infiltration) and increased genetic instability are traits of high lactylation scores. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) demonstrated a reduced response rate in GC with high lactylation scores. At the same time, tumors with high lactylation scores had high Tumor Immune Dysfunction and Exclusion scores, which means that they had a higher risk of immune evasion and dysfunction. Discussion These findings indicate that the lactylation score can be used to predict the malignant progression and immune evasion of GC. This model also can guide the treatment response to ICIs of GC. The constructed model of the lactate gene is also expected to become a potential therapeutic target for GC and diagnostic marker.
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15
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Activation of OSM-STAT3 Epigenetically Regulates Tumor-Promoting Transcriptional Programs in Cervical Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14246090. [PMID: 36551576 PMCID: PMC9775986 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14246090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite improvements in preventative strategies, such as regular screenings with Pap tests and human papillomavirus (HPV) tests as well as HPV vaccinations, effective treatment for advanced cervical cancer remains poor. Deregulation of STAT3 is an oncogenic factor that promotes tumorigenesis and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in various cancers. Oncostatin M (OSM), a pleiotropic cytokine, induces STAT3 activation, exacerbating cervical cancer. However, the mechanism by which the OSM-STAT3 axis epigenetically regulates tumor-progression-related genes in cervical cancer is not well understood. Here, we show that OSM-mediated STAT3 activation promotes pro-tumorigenic gene expression programs, with chromatin remodeling in cervical cancer. Reanalysis of scRNA-seq data performed in cervical cancer uncovered an interaction between the oncostatin M receptor (OSMR) on tumor cells and OSM induced by tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). Our gene expression profiling (bulk RNA-seq) shows that OSM-induced genes were involved in hypoxia, wound healing, and angiogenesis, which were significantly inhibited by SD-36, a STAT3-selective degrader. Additionally, ATAC-seq experiments revealed that STAT3 binding motifs were preferentially enriched in open chromatin regions of the OSM-STAT3-regulated genes. Among the 50 candidate genes that were regulated epigenetically through the OSM-STAT3 axis, we found that the expression levels of NDRG1, HK2, PLOD2, and NPC1 were significantly correlated with those of OSMR and STAT3 in three independent cervical cancer cohorts. Also, higher expression levels of these genes are significantly associated with poor prognosis in cervical cancer patients. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that the OSM-STAT3 signaling pathway regulates crucial transcriptomic programs through epigenetic changes and that selective inhibition of STAT3 may be a novel therapeutic strategy for patients with advanced cervical cancer.
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16
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Yuan L, Lu Z, Sun G, Cao D. Identification and verification of a 4-gene signature predicting the overall survival of cervical cancer. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e31299. [PMID: 36281082 PMCID: PMC9592452 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000031299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer (CC) is one of the most common gynecological malignancies, ranking fourth in both incidence and mortality in women worldwide. Early screening and treatment are of great significance in reducing the incidence and mortality of CC. Due to the complex molecular mechanisms of tumor progression, the predictive power of traditional clinical information is limited. In this study, an effective molecular model is established to assess prognosis of patients with CC and guide clinical treatment so as to improve their survival rate. Three high quality datasets (GSE138080, GSE52904, GSE67522) of expression profiling were obtained from gene expression omnibus (GEO) database. Another mRNA expression and clinicopathological data of CC were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset. The bioinformatic analyses such as univariate analysis, multivariate Cox proportional-hazards model (Cox) analysis and lasso regression analysis were conducted to select survival-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and further establish a prognostic gene signature. Moreover, the performance of prognostic gene signature was evaluated based on Kaplan-Meier curve and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and tumor immunity analysis were carried out to elucidate the molecular mechanisms and immune relevance. A 4-gene signature comprising procollagen-lysine, 2-oxoglutarate 5-dioxygenase 2 (PLOD2), spondin1 (SPON1), secreted phosphoprotein 1 (SPP1), ribonuclease H2 subunit A (RNASEH2A) was established to predict overall survival (OS) of CC. The ROC curve indicated good performance of the 4-gene signature in predicting OS of CC based on the TCGA dataset. The 4-gene signature classified the patients into high-risk and low-risk groups with distinct OS rates of CC. Univariate analysis and multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that the 4-gene signature was an independent factor affecting the prognosis of patients with CC. Our study developed a 4-gene signature capable of predicting the OS of CC. The findings may be beneficial to individualized clinical treatment and timely follow-up for patients with CC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Yuan
- From the Department of Obstetrics, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 745, Wuhan, China
| | - Zijun Lu
- From the Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, No. 2, Wuhan, China
| | - Guoqiang Sun
- From the Department of Obstetrics, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 745, Wuhan, China
- * Correspondence: Dongmei Cao, Department of Obstetrics, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 745, Wuluo Road, Hongshan District, Wuhan 430070, China (e-mail: ), and Guoqiang Sun, Department of Obstetrics, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 745, Wuluo Road, Hongshan District, Wuhan 430070, China (e-mail: )
| | - Dongmei Cao
- From the Department of Obstetrics, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 745, Wuhan, China
- * Correspondence: Dongmei Cao, Department of Obstetrics, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 745, Wuluo Road, Hongshan District, Wuhan 430070, China (e-mail: ), and Guoqiang Sun, Department of Obstetrics, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 745, Wuluo Road, Hongshan District, Wuhan 430070, China (e-mail: )
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17
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Gong X, Wang A, Song W. Clinicopathological significances of PLOD2, epithelial-mesenchymal transition markers, and cancer stem cells in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e30112. [PMID: 36042592 PMCID: PMC9410680 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000030112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To examine the expression level of procollagen-lysine2-oxoglutarate 5-dioxygenase 2 (PLOD2) in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and analyze its correlation with clinicopathological parameters, in order to explore the mechanism of PLOD2 in regulating invasion and metastasis of ESCC. METHODS Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression level of PLOD2 in tumor tissues and paired adjacent tissues of 172 patients with ESCC, and the relationship between PLOD2 expression and clinicopathological parameters was analyzed. The deposition of collagen fibers in tumor was detected by Sirius red staining. The correlation between tumor stem cells and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers ZEB1 was analyzed by multivariate logistic regression. RESULTS The expression level of PLOD2 in tumor tissues of patients with ESCC (70.35%, 121/172) was significantly higher than that in paired adjacent tissues (29.65%, 51/172; P < .01). The positive expression rate of PLOD2 in ESCC was related to T classification, lymph node metastasis, and pathological tumor node metastasis of a tumor. The expression rates of ZEB1, CD44, and CD133 in ESCC were correlated with T classification, lymph node metastasis and pathological tumor node metastasis. Scarlet red staining showed that collagen fiber deposition in ESCC tissues with high expression of PLOD2 was significantly higher than that in tissues with low expression of PLOD2 (P < .01). A positive correlation was observed between the expression of PLOD2 and CD133, PLOD2 and CD44, and PLOD2 and N-cadherin (P < .01). Moreover, a negative correlation was noted between the expression of PLOD2 and E-cadherin (P < .01). The combined expression of PLOD2 and ZEB1 were independent prognostic factors for the total survival time of patients with ESCC. CONCLUSION PLOD2 is highly expressed in ESCC and is closely related to tumor invasion and metastasis. The mechanism of PLOD2 for promoting invasion and metastasis of ESCC may be related to activation of the EMT signaling pathway to promote EMT and tumor stem cell transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomeng Gong
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
- Department of Pathology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Ailian Wang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
- Department of Pathology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Wenqing Song
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
- Department of Pathology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
- *Correspondence: Wenqing Song, Department of Pathology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233000, China (e-mail: )
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18
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Zhang M, Cao C, Li X, Gu Q, Xu Y, Zhu Z, Xu D, Wei S, Chen H, Yang Y, Gao H, Yu L, Li J. Five EMT-related genes signature predicts overall survival and immune environment in microsatellite instability-high gastric cancer. Cancer Med 2022; 12:2075-2088. [PMID: 35789544 PMCID: PMC9883573 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.4975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) subgroup of gastric cancer (GC) is characterized by a high tumor mutational burden, increased lymphocytic infiltration, and enhanced inflammatory cytokines. GC patients with MSI-H status have a good response to immune checkpoint blockade management. However, heterogeneity within the subtype and the underlying mechanisms of shaping tumor microenvironments remain poorly understood. METHODS RNA expression levels and clinical parameters of GC were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases. The data were analyzed using single-sample Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (ssGSEA), univariate Cox regression, multivariate Cox regression, and Least Absolute Shrinkage Selection Operator (LASSO) regression. In addition, multiplex immunohistochemistry (mIHC) was used in our clinical cohort for the tumor microenvironment study. RESULTS By ssGSEA and survival analysis, the EMT signaling pathway was identified as a representative pathway, which can stratify the patients with MSI-H GC with significant survival predictive power. Then, a novel representative EMT-related five-gene signature (namely CALU, PCOLCE2, PLOD2, SGCD, and THBS2) was established from EMT signaling gene set, which sensitivity and specificity were further validated in the independent GEO database (GSE62254) cohort for disease outcome prediction. Based on public single-cell data and in situ immunohistochemistry, we found that most of these five genes were abundantly expressed in cancer-associated fibroblasts. Furthermore, patients with high or low risk divided by this five-gene signature exhibited a strong correlation of the distinct patterns of tumor immune microenvironment. By mIHC staining of sections from 30 patients with MSI-H status, we showed that the patients with better prognoses had the increased infiltration of CD8+ cells in the primary tumoral tissue. CONCLUSION Our study developed a simple five-gene signature for stratifying MSI-H GC patients with survival predictive power.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mili Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General HospitalShanghai Jiaotong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Can Cao
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General HospitalShanghai Jiaotong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Xu Li
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General HospitalShanghai Jiaotong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Qisheng Gu
- Institute Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina
| | - Yixin Xu
- Department of General SurgeryShanghai General Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Ziyan Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General HospitalShanghai Jiaotong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Duogang Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General HospitalShanghai Jiaotong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Shanshan Wei
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General HospitalShanghai Jiaotong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Haonan Chen
- Department of General SurgeryShanghai General Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Yuqin Yang
- Department of Laboratory Animal Centre, Shanghai General HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Hugh Gao
- Department of Molecular and Translational ScienceMonash UniversityClaytonVictoriaAustralia,Department of Upper Gastrointestinal and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Monash HealthClaytonAustralia
| | - Liang Yu
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General HospitalShanghai Jiaotong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Jikun Li
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General HospitalShanghai Jiaotong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
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19
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The Synergistic Cooperation between TGF-β and Hypoxia in Cancer and Fibrosis. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12050635. [PMID: 35625561 PMCID: PMC9138354 DOI: 10.3390/biom12050635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) is a multifunctional cytokine regulating homeostasis and immune responses in adult animals and humans. Aberrant and overactive TGF-β signaling promotes cancer initiation and fibrosis through epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), as well as the invasion and metastatic growth of cancer cells. TGF-β is a key factor that is active during hypoxic conditions in cancer and is thereby capable of contributing to angiogenesis in various types of cancer. Another potent role of TGF-β is suppressing immune responses in cancer patients. The strong tumor-promoting effects of TGF-β and its profibrotic effects make it a focus for the development of novel therapeutic strategies against cancer and fibrosis as well as an attractive drug target in combination with immune regulatory checkpoint inhibitors. TGF-β belongs to a family of cytokines that exert their function through signaling via serine/threonine kinase transmembrane receptors to intracellular Smad proteins via the canonical pathway and in combination with co-regulators such as the adaptor protein and E3 ubiquitin ligases TRAF4 and TRAF6 to promote non-canonical pathways. Finally, the outcome of gene transcription initiated by TGF-β is context-dependent and controlled by signals exerted by other growth factors such as EGF and Wnt. Here, we discuss the synergistic cooperation between TGF-β and hypoxia in development, fibrosis and cancer.
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20
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Wang P, Klassmüller T, Karg CA, Kretschmer M, Zahler S, Braig S, Bracher F, Vollmar AM, Moser S. Using the yeast three-hybrid system for the identification of small molecule-protein interactions with the example of ethinylestradiol. Biol Chem 2022; 403:421-431. [PMID: 35224953 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2021-0355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Since the first report on a yeast three-hybrid system, several approaches have successfully utilized different setups for discovering targets of small molecule drugs. Compared to broadly applied MS based target identification approaches, the yeast three-hybrid system represents a complementary method that allows for the straightforward identification of direct protein binders of selected small molecules. One major drawback of this system, however, is that the drug has to be taken up by the yeast cells in sufficient concentrations. Here, we report the establishment of a yeast three-hybrid screen in the deletion strain ABC9Δ, which is characterized by being highly permeable to small molecules. We used this system to screen for protein binding partners of ethinylestradiol, a widely used drug mainly for contraception and hormone replacement therapy. We identified procollagen-lysine 2-oxoglutarate 5-dioxygenase 2 (PLOD2 or lysyl hydroxylase, LH2) as a novel direct target and were able to confirm the interaction identified with the yeast three-hybrid system by a complementary method, affinity chromatography, to prove the validity of the hit. Furthermore, we provide evidence for an interaction between the drug and PLOD2 in vitro and in cellulo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengyu Wang
- Pharmaceutical Biology, Department of Pharmacy, Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich, Butenandtstr. 5-13, Building B, D-81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Klassmüller
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, Butenandtstr. 7, Building C, D-81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Cornelia A Karg
- Pharmaceutical Biology, Department of Pharmacy, Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich, Butenandtstr. 5-13, Building B, D-81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Maibritt Kretschmer
- Pharmaceutical Biology, Department of Pharmacy, Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich, Butenandtstr. 5-13, Building B, D-81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Stefan Zahler
- Pharmaceutical Biology, Department of Pharmacy, Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich, Butenandtstr. 5-13, Building B, D-81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Simone Braig
- Pharmaceutical Biology, Department of Pharmacy, Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich, Butenandtstr. 5-13, Building B, D-81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Franz Bracher
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, Butenandtstr. 7, Building C, D-81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Angelika M Vollmar
- Pharmaceutical Biology, Department of Pharmacy, Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich, Butenandtstr. 5-13, Building B, D-81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Simone Moser
- Pharmaceutical Biology, Department of Pharmacy, Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich, Butenandtstr. 5-13, Building B, D-81377 Munich, Germany
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21
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Qi Q, Huang W, Zhang H, Zhang B, Sun X, Ma J, Zhu C, Wang C. Bioinformatic analysis of PLOD family member expression and prognostic value in non-small cell lung cancer. Transl Cancer Res 2022; 10:2707-2724. [PMID: 35116582 PMCID: PMC8798377 DOI: 10.21037/tcr-21-73] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Procollagen-lysine, 2-oxoglutarate 5-dioxygenases (PLODs) are a group of enzymes that can mediate the hydroxylation of lysyl to hydroxylysine and participate in the formation of stabilized collagen. Evidence has demonstrated that PLODs are involved in the steps of tumor progression, including proliferation, invasion, and metastasis. However, limited information is available on the function of PLOD1/2/3 in lung cancer. In this study, we investigated the expression patterns and prognostic values of PLODs in patients with lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC). METHODS The Oncomine database and UALCAN were used to analyze the mRNA expression levels of PLOD family members in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The prognostic values of PLODs were investigated by the Kaplan-Meier Plotter database. We collected 33 patients with lung cancer to further verify the expression profiles and prognostic values of PLODs. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to perform survival curves, and the log-rank test was performed to evaluate the differences in survival. According to the GSE31210 databset, univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify whether PLODs were independent prognostic indicators for survival. Meanwhile, we investigated the mutations, potential biological functions and immune relevance of PLODs on the basis of the cBioPortal, Metascape and TIMER databases respectively. RESULTS We found that the mRNA and protein expression levels of PLODs in NSCLC tissues were higher than those in normal lung tissues. High PLOD1/2/3 expression had significant relevance to poor survival in LUAD but not in LUSC. In addition, the GSE31210 dataset showed that PLOD1 and PLOD3 were independent risk factors for relapse-free survival and overall survival (OS) in LUAD. We observed a high alteration rate of PLODs in LUSC patients, and the genetic alterations of PLODs had significant relevance to favorable OS. Furthermore, we observed that PLODs were significantly associated with tumor immunity in lung cancer. The enrichment analysis of the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway showed that the functions of the PLODs focused on cell cycle, DNA replication, and glycolysis/gluconeogenesis in LUAD. CONCLUSIONS These results indicated that PLODs were highly expressed in lung cancer and may be suitable prognostic markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Qi
- Department of Lung Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Lung Cancer Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Wuhao Huang
- Department of Lung Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Lung Cancer Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Department of Lung Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Lung Cancer Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Lung Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Lung Cancer Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoyan Sun
- Department of Lung Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Lung Cancer Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Jun Ma
- Department of Lung Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Lung Cancer Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Chaonan Zhu
- Department of Lung Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Lung Cancer Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Changli Wang
- Department of Lung Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Lung Cancer Center, Tianjin, China
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22
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An R, Meng S, Qian H. Identification of Key Pathways and Establishment of a Seven-Gene Prognostic Signature in Cervical Cancer. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2022; 2022:4748796. [PMID: 35154316 PMCID: PMC8837458 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4748796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cervical cancer (CC) remains high morbidity and mortality. We aimed to identify critical pathways underlying cervical carcinogenesis and establish a prognostic signature. Six datasets from the gene expression omnibus (GEO) database were used to screen the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between CC and normal tissues. We used the unions of the DEGs to perform functional analysis. The 108 overlapped DEGs were analyzed to determine a prognostic signature by Cox regression and Lasso analysis based on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) and Immune Cell Abundance Identifier (ImmuCellAI) were used to determine the relationships between the signature and biological functions. The PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, the Ras signaling pathway, and the viral carcinogenesis pathway may be critical for CC development. We identified seven genes (PLOD2, DSG2, SPP1, CXCL8, MCM5, HLTF, and KLF4) to construct a risk score formula. Survival analysis showed that the high-risk group indicated a worse prognosis than the low-risk group (p < 0.0001). The AUC of the prognostic signature was 0.7449, 0.7641, and 0.8146 at 1, 3, and 5 years. We also identified that the signature is an independent prognostic factor. GSEA showed five pathways were relevant to the signature, such as the adherens junction pathway. The signature also affected the abundances of various types of immune cells, such as B cell, CD4+ T cell, and CD8+ T cell. Further, we found that SPP1 was co-expressed with HK3, CD163, CCL3, CLEC5A, MMP8, TREM1, OLR1, and TREM2. The results of Gene Ontology analysis showed that SPP1 and its co-expressed related proteins mainly affected metabolic process, multicellular organismal process, cell communication, cell proliferation, protein binding, and transporter activity. In conclusion, the present study explored the key pathways for CC development and the seven-gene signature can effectively make the prognosis evaluation of CC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran An
- Department of Dermatology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Silu Meng
- Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Hua Qian
- Department of Dermatology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
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23
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Wang Q, Karvelsson ST, Johannsson F, Vilhjalmsson AI, Hagen L, de Miranda Fonseca D, Sharma A, Slupphaug G, Rolfsson O. UDP-glucose dehydrogenase expression is upregulated following EMT and differentially affects intracellular glycerophosphocholine and acetylaspartate levels in breast mesenchymal cell lines. Mol Oncol 2021; 16:1816-1840. [PMID: 34942055 PMCID: PMC9067156 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.13172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic rewiring is one of the indispensable drivers of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) involved in breast cancer metastasis. In this study, we explored the metabolic changes during spontaneous EMT in three separately established breast EMT cell models using a proteomics approach supported by metabolomic analysis. We identified common proteomic changes, including in the expression of CDH1, CDH2, VIM, LGALS1, SERPINE1, PKP3, ATP2A2, JUP, MTCH2, RPL26L1 and PLOD2. Consistently altered metabolic enzymes included: FDFT1, SORD, TSTA3 and UDP-glucose dehydrogenase (UGDH). Of these, UGDH was most prominently altered and has previously been associated with breast cancer patient survival. siRNA-mediated knockdown of UGDH resulted in delayed cell proliferation and dampened invasive potential of mesenchymal cells, and downregulated expression of the EMT transcription factor SNAI1. Metabolomic analysis revealed that siRNA-mediated knockdown of UGDH decreased intracellular glycerophosphocholine (GPC), whereas levels of acetylaspartate (NAA) increased. Finally, our data suggested that platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta (PDGFRB) signaling was activated in mesenchymal cells. siRNA-mediated knockdown of PDGFRB downregulated UGDH expression, potentially via NFkB-p65. Our results support an unexplored relationship between UGDH and GPC, both of which have previously been independently associated with breast cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Wang
- Center for Systems Biology, Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Sturlugata 8, 101, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Sigurdur Trausti Karvelsson
- Center for Systems Biology, Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Sturlugata 8, 101, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Freyr Johannsson
- Center for Systems Biology, Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Sturlugata 8, 101, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Arnar Ingi Vilhjalmsson
- Center for Systems Biology, Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Sturlugata 8, 101, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Lars Hagen
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NTNU, N-7491, Trondheim, Norway.,Clinic of Laboratory Medicine, St. Olavs hospital, Trondheim, Norway.,PROMEC Core Facility for Proteomics and Modomics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NTNU, and the Central Norway Regional Health Authority Norway, Norway
| | - Davi de Miranda Fonseca
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NTNU, N-7491, Trondheim, Norway.,Clinic of Laboratory Medicine, St. Olavs hospital, Trondheim, Norway.,PROMEC Core Facility for Proteomics and Modomics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NTNU, and the Central Norway Regional Health Authority Norway, Norway
| | - Animesh Sharma
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NTNU, N-7491, Trondheim, Norway.,Clinic of Laboratory Medicine, St. Olavs hospital, Trondheim, Norway.,PROMEC Core Facility for Proteomics and Modomics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NTNU, and the Central Norway Regional Health Authority Norway, Norway
| | - Geir Slupphaug
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NTNU, N-7491, Trondheim, Norway.,Clinic of Laboratory Medicine, St. Olavs hospital, Trondheim, Norway.,PROMEC Core Facility for Proteomics and Modomics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NTNU, and the Central Norway Regional Health Authority Norway, Norway
| | - Ottar Rolfsson
- Center for Systems Biology, Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Sturlugata 8, 101, Reykjavik, Iceland
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24
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Identification and Validation of PLOD2 as an Adverse Prognostic Biomarker for Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11121842. [PMID: 34944486 PMCID: PMC8699216 DOI: 10.3390/biom11121842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Procollagen-lysine, 2-oxoglutarate 5-dioxygenase 2 (PLOD2), a key enzyme that catalyzes the hydroxylation of lysine, plays a crucial role in the progression of several solid tumors. However, its spatial expression profile and prognostic significance in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) have not been revealed. Materials: Mass spectrometry was used to explore amino acid perturbations between OSCC tumor tissues and paired normal tissues of 28 patients. Then, PLOD2 mRNA and protein levels were assessed using several public databases and 18 pairs of OSCC patients’ tissues. Additionally, PLOD2 spatial expression profiles were investigated in 100 OSCC patients by immunohistochemistry and its diagnostic and prognostic values were also evaluated. Lastly, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was used to investigate the potential functions of PLOD2 in OSCC. Results: Lysine was significantly elevated in OSCC tissues and could effectively distinguish tumor from normal tissues (AUC = 0.859, p = 0.0035). PLOD2 mRNA and protein levels were highly increased in tumor tissues of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) (p < 0.001) and OSCC compared with those in nontumor tissues (p < 0.001). Histopathologically, PLOD2 was ubiquitously expressed in tumor cells (TCs) and fibroblast-like cells (FLCs) of OSCC patients but absent in tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). Patients with highly expressed PLOD2 in TCs (PLOD2TCs) and FLCs (PLOD2FLCs) showed poor differentiation, a worse pattern of invasion (WPOI) and more lymph node metastasis (LNM), contributing to higher postoperative metastasis risk and poor survival time. However, PLOD2FLCs rather than PLOD2TCs was an independent risk factor for survival outcomes in OSCC patients. Molecularly, GSEA demonstrated highly expressed PLOD2 was mainly enriched in epithelial–mesenchymal transformation (EMT), TGF-beta signaling and hypoxia pathway, which are associated with poor clinical outcomes of OSCC patients. Conclusions: PLOD2 was a poor prognostic biomarker for OSCC patients and may affect the metastasis of OSCC through EMT pathway. These findings might shed novel sights for future research in PLOD2 targeted OSCC therapy.
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Legerstee K, Houtsmuller AB. A Layered View on Focal Adhesions. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10111189. [PMID: 34827182 PMCID: PMC8614905 DOI: 10.3390/biology10111189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary The cytoskeleton is a network of protein fibres within cells that provide structure and support intracellular transport. Focal adhesions are protein complexes associated with the outer cell membrane that are found at the ends of specialised actin fibres of this cytoskeleton. They mediate cell adhesion by connecting the cytoskeleton to the extracellular matrix, a protein and sugar network that surrounds cells in tissues. Focal adhesions also translate forces on actin fibres into forces contributing to cell migration. Cell adhesion and migration are crucial to diverse biological processes such as embryonic development, proper functioning of the immune system or the metastasis of cancer cells. Advances in fluorescence microscopy and data analysis methods provided a more detailed understanding of the dynamic ways in which proteins bind and dissociate from focal adhesions and how they are organised within these protein complexes. In this review, we provide an overview of the advances in the current scientific understanding of focal adhesions and summarize relevant imaging techniques. One of the key insights is that focal adhesion proteins are organised into three layers parallel to the cell membrane. We discuss the relevance of this layered nature for the functioning of focal adhesion. Abstract The cytoskeleton provides structure to cells and supports intracellular transport. Actin fibres are crucial to both functions. Focal Adhesions (FAs) are large macromolecular multiprotein assemblies at the ends of specialised actin fibres linking these to the extracellular matrix. FAs translate forces on actin fibres into forces contributing to cell migration. This review will discuss recent insights into FA protein dynamics and their organisation within FAs, made possible by advances in fluorescence imaging techniques and data analysis methods. Over the last decade, evidence has accumulated that FAs are composed of three layers parallel to the plasma membrane. We focus on some of the most frequently investigated proteins, two from each layer, paxillin and FAK (bottom, integrin signalling layer), vinculin and talin (middle, force transduction layer) and zyxin and VASP (top, actin regulatory layer). Finally, we discuss the potential impact of this layered nature on different aspects of FA behaviour.
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PLOD2 Is a Potent Prognostic Marker and Associates with Immune Infiltration in Cervical Cancer. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:5512340. [PMID: 34258263 PMCID: PMC8260295 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5512340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Background PLOD2 is overexpressed in diverse tumors and plays a vital role in tumorigenesis. However, the prognostic value of PLOD2 in cervical cancer (CESC) remains unclear. Methods PLOD2 expression and CESC patients' survival data were collected from the Oncomine, GEPIA, UALCAN, and Kaplan-Meier Plotter databases; immunohistochemistry (IHC) was used to validate the expression of PLOD2 in CESC; Gene Set Enrichment Analysis was performed using the STRING and DAVID databases; and the correlations between PLOD2 and cancer immune infiltrates were investigated using the TIMER and TISIDB databases. Results We found that the expression level of PLOD2 was increased in various cancers, and meta-analysis in the Oncomine database revealed that PLOD2 was significantly upregulated in CESC compared to that in normal tissues (P < 0.001). In addition, the high expression of PLOD2 was closely related to poor overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) in patients with CESC (OS HR = 1.73, P = 0.029; DFS HR = 2.60, P = 0.018). Functional annotations indicated that differentially expressed PLOD2 were primarily related to protein digestion and absorption pathways and to the collagen fibril organization process. Immune infiltration analysis showed that PLOD2 was highly correlated with B cells, CD4+ T cells, T helper type 2 (Th2) cells, and eosinophils in CESC. Conclusion PLOD2 is positively associated with poor prognosis and might be considered a novel diagnostic and prognostic marker for CESC patients.
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27
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Jiang P, Cao Y, Gao F, Sun W, Liu J, Ma Z, Xie M, Fu S. SNX10 and PTGDS are associated with the progression and prognosis of cervical squamous cell carcinoma. BMC Cancer 2021; 21:694. [PMID: 34116656 PMCID: PMC8196508 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-021-08212-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cervical cancer (CC) is the primary cause of death in women. This study sought to investigate the potential mechanism and prognostic genes of CC. Methods We downloaded four gene expression profiles from GEO. The RRA method was used to integrate and screen differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between CC and normal samples. Functional analysis was performed by clusterprofiler. We built PPI network by Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes Database (STRING) and selected hub modules via Molecular COmplex Detection (MCODE). CMap database was used to find molecules with therapeutic potential for CC. The hub genes were validated in GEO datasets, Gene Expession Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA), immunohistochemistry, Cox regression analysis, TCGA methylation analysis and ONCOMINE were carried out. ROC curve analysis and GSEA were also performed to describe the prognostic significance of hub genes. Results Functional analysis revealed that 147 DEGs were significantly enriched in binding, cell proliferation, transcriptional activity and cell cycle regulation. PPI network screened 30 hub genes, with CDK1 having the strongest connectivity with CC. Cmap showed that apigenin, thioguanine and trichostatin A might be used to treat CC(P < 0.05). Eight genes (APOD, CXCL8, MMP1, MMP3, PLOD2, PTGDS, SNX10 and SPP1) were screened out through GEPIA. Of them, only PTGDS and SNX10 had not appeared in previous studies about CC. The validation in GEO showed that PTGDS showed low expression while SNX10 presented high expression in tumor tissues. Their expression profiles were consistent with the results in immunohistochemistry. ROC curve analysis indicated that the model had a good diagnostic efficiency (AUC = 0.738). GSEA analysis demonstrated that the two genes were correlated with the chemokine signaling pathway (P < 0.05). TCGA methylation analysis showed that patients with lowly-expressed and highly-methylated PTGDS had a worse prognosis than those with highly-expressed and lowly-methylated PTGDS (p = 0.037). Cox regression analysis showed that SNX10 and PTGDS were independent prognostic indicators for OS among CC patients (P = 0.007 and 0.003). Conclusions PTGDS and SNX10 showed abnormal expression and methylation in CC. Both genes might have high prognostic value of CC patients. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12885-021-08212-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pinping Jiang
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ying Cao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Changzhou Second People's Hospital, Changzhou, 213000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Feng Gao
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jinhui Liu
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ziyan Ma
- University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Manxin Xie
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Shilong Fu
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China.
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28
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Panji M, Behmard V, Zare Z, Malekpour M, Nejadbiglari H, Yavari S, Nayerpour Dizaj T, Safaeian A, Maleki N, Abbasi M, Abazari O, Shabanzadeh M, Khanicheragh P. Suppressing effects of green tea extract and Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) on TGF-β- induced Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition via ROS/Smad signaling in human cervical cancer cells. Gene 2021; 794:145774. [PMID: 34126197 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2021.145774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)-induced Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process is a fundamental target for preventing cervical cancer cells' progression and invasion. Green tea and its principal active substance, Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), demonstrate anti-tumor activities in various tumor cells. METHODS The cell viability of two cervical cancer cell lines, Hela and SiHa, in the experimental groups was examined employing the MTT method, and ROS generation was probed applying 2',7'-dichlorofluorescein diacetate-based assay. The Smad signaling and EMT process was evaluated utilizing western blot analysis and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) and Smad binding element (SBE)-luciferase assays were employed to measure Smad-DNA interaction and Smad transcriptional activity, respectively. RESULTS EGCG (0-100 μmol/L) and green tea extract (0-250 μg/ml) suppressed the viability of cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner (p < 0.01). Our conclusions affirmed that pre-incubation with green tea extract (80 μg/ml) and EGCG (60 μmol/L) significantly reversed the impacts of TGF-β in Hela and SiHa cells by decreasing Vimentin, ZEB, Slug, Snail, and Twist and increasing E-cadherin expression. The molecular mechanism of green tea extract and EGCG for TGF-β-induced EMT inhibition interfered with ROS generation and Smad signaling. Green tea extract and EGCG could significantly decrease ROS levels, the phosphorylation of Smad2/3, the translocation, DNA binding, and activity of Smads in cervical cancer cell lines treated with TGF-β1 (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION EGCG and green tea extract suppressed TGF-β-induced EMT in Hela and SiHa cells, and the underlying molecular mechanism may be related to the ROS generation and Smad signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Panji
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vahideh Behmard
- Student Research Committee, Department of Midwifery, School of Medical, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
| | - Zahra Zare
- Department of Biology, Farhangian University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Monireh Malekpour
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hasan Nejadbiglari
- Department of Nursing, Sirjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sirjan, Iran
| | - Saeede Yavari
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tina Nayerpour Dizaj
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Modern Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Azadeh Safaeian
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughy University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Narges Maleki
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Islamic Azad University-Tehran North Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Abbasi
- Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran; Reproductive Biotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Omid Abazari
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Yazd, Iran
| | - Maryam Shabanzadeh
- Department of Medical Radiation, Faculty of Engineering, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Parisa Khanicheragh
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran.
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29
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Chen G, Sun J, Xie M, Yu S, Tang Q, Chen L. PLAU Promotes Cell Proliferation and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Front Genet 2021; 12:651882. [PMID: 34093649 PMCID: PMC8173099 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.651882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasminogen activator, urokinase (uPA) is a secreted serine protease whose Dysregulation is often accompanied by various cancers. However, the biological functions and potential mechanisms of PLAU in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) remain undetermined. Here, the expression, prognosis, function, and coexpression genetic networks of PLAU in HNSCC were investigated by a series of public bioinformatics tools. A Higher PLAU level predicted a poorer clinical outcome. Meanwhile, functional network analysis implied that PLAU and associated genes mainly regulated cell-substrate adhesion, tissue migration, and extracellular matrix binding. The top 4 significantly associated genes are C10orf55, ITGA5, SERPINE1, and TNFRSF12A. Pathway enrichment analysis indicated that PLAU might activate the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process, which could explain the poor prognosis in HNSCC. Besides, genes associated with PLAU were also enriched in EMT pathways. We further validated the bioinformatics analysis results by in vivo and in vitro experiments. Then, we found that much more PLAU was detected in HNSCC tissues, and the silencing of PLAU inhibit the proliferation, migration, and EMT process of CAL27 cell lines. Notably, the downregulation of PLAU decreased the expression of TNFRSF12A. Moreover, knockdown TNFRSF12A also inhibits cell proliferation and migration. In vivo experiment results indicated that PLAU inhibition could suppress tumor growth. Collectively, PLAU is necessary for tumor progression and can be a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangjin Chen
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiwei Sun
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
| | - Mengru Xie
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
| | - Shaoling Yu
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
| | - Qingming Tang
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
| | - Lili Chen
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
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30
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Collagen molecular phenotypic switch between non-neoplastic and neoplastic canine mammary tissues. Sci Rep 2021; 11:8659. [PMID: 33883562 PMCID: PMC8060395 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-87380-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
In spite of major advances over the past several decades in diagnosis and treatment, breast cancer remains a global cause of morbidity and premature death for both human and veterinary patients. Due to multiple shared clinicopathological features, dogs provide an excellent model of human breast cancer, thus, a comparative oncology approach may advance our understanding of breast cancer biology and improve patient outcomes. Despite an increasing awareness of the critical role of fibrillar collagens in breast cancer biology, tumor-permissive collagen features are still ill-defined. Here, we characterize the molecular and morphological phenotypes of type I collagen in canine mammary gland tumors. Canine mammary carcinoma samples contained longer collagen fibers as well as a greater population of wider fibers compared to non-neoplastic and adenoma samples. Furthermore, the total number of collagen cross-links enriched in the stable hydroxylysine-aldehyde derived cross-links was significantly increased in neoplastic mammary gland samples compared to non-neoplastic mammary gland tissue. The mass spectrometric analyses of type I collagen revealed that in malignant mammary tumor samples, lysine residues, in particular those in the telopeptides, were markedly over-hydroxylated in comparison to non-neoplastic mammary tissue. The extent of glycosylation of hydroxylysine residues was comparable among the groups. Consistent with these data, expression levels of genes encoding lysyl hydroxylase 2 (LH2) and its molecular chaperone FK506-binding protein 65 were both significantly increased in neoplastic samples. These alterations likely lead to an increase in the LH2-mediated stable collagen cross-links in mammary carcinoma that may promote tumor cell metastasis in these patients.
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31
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Hypoxia Transcriptomic Modifications Induced by Proton Irradiation in U87 Glioblastoma Multiforme Cell Line. J Pers Med 2021; 11:jpm11040308. [PMID: 33923454 PMCID: PMC8073933 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11040308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM), hypoxia is associated with radioresistance and poor prognosis. Since standard GBM treatments are not always effective, new strategies are needed to overcome resistance to therapeutic treatments, including radiotherapy (RT). Our study aims to shed light on the biomarker network involved in a hypoxic (0.2% oxygen) GBM cell line that is radioresistant after proton therapy (PT). For cultivating cells in acute hypoxia, GSI’s hypoxic chambers were used. Cells were irradiated in the middle of a spread-out Bragg peak with increasing PT doses to verify the greater radioresistance in hypoxic conditions. Whole-genome cDNA microarray gene expression analyses were performed for samples treated with 2 and 10 Gy to highlight biological processes activated in GBM following PT in the hypoxic condition. We describe cell survival response and significant deregulated pathways responsible for the cell death/survival balance and gene signatures linked to the PT/hypoxia configurations assayed. Highlighting the molecular pathways involved in GBM resistance following hypoxia and ionizing radiation (IR), this work could suggest new molecular targets, allowing the development of targeted drugs to be suggested in association with PT.
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32
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You X, Wang Y, Meng J, Han S, Liu L, Sun Y, Zhang J, Sun S, Li X, Sun W, Dong Y, Zhang Y. Exosomal miR‑663b exposed to TGF‑β1 promotes cervical cancer metastasis and epithelial‑mesenchymal transition by targeting MGAT3. Oncol Rep 2021; 45:12. [PMID: 33649791 PMCID: PMC7877003 DOI: 10.3892/or.2021.7963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Transforming growth factor (TGF)‑β1 is a key cytokine affecting the pathogenesis and progression of cervical cancer. Tumor‑derived exosomes contain microRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) that interact with cancer and stromal cells, thereby contributing to tissue remodeling in the tumor microenvironment (TME). The present study was designed to clarify how TGF‑β1 affects tumor biological functions through exosomes released by cervical cancer cells. Deep RNA sequencing found that TGF‑β1 stimulated cervical cancer cells to secrete more miR‑663b‑containing exosomes, which could be transferred into new target cells to promote metastasis. Further studies have shown that miR‑663b directly targets the 3'-untranslated regions (3'‑UTR) of mannoside acetylglucosaminyltransferase 3 (MGAT3) and is involved in the epithelial‑mesenchymal transition (EMT) process. Remarkably, the overexpression of MGAT3 suppressed cervical cancer cell metastasis promoted by exosomal miR‑663b, causing increased expression of epithelial differentiation marker E‑cadherin and decreased expression of mesenchymal markers N‑cadherin and β‑catenin. Throughout our study, online bioinformation tools and dual luciferase reporter assay were applied to identify MGAT3 as a novel direct target of miR‑663b. Exosome PKH67‑labeling experiment verified that exosomal miR‑663b could be endocytosed by cervical cancer cells and subsequently influence its migration and invasion functions which were measured by wound healing and Transwell assays. The expression of miR‑663b and MGAT3 and the regulation of the EMT pathway caused by MGAT3 were detected by quantitative real‑time transcription‑polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and western blot analysis. These results, thus, provide evidence that cancer cell‑derived exosomal miR‑663b is endocytosed by cervical cancer cells adjacent or distant after TGF‑β1 exposure and inhibits the expression of MGAT3, thereby accelerating the EMT process and ultimately promoting local and distant metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuewu You
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, Weifang, Shandong 262500, P.R. China
| | - Jinyu Meng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Sai Han
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Lu Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Yu Sun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Junhua Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Shuqin Sun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Xinyue Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Wenxiong Sun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Yajie Dong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Youzhong Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
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33
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Lee HS, Lee IH, Kang K, Park SI, Jung M, Yang SG, Kwon TW, Lee DY. A Comprehensive Understanding of the Anticancer Mechanisms of FDY2004 Against Cervical Cancer Based on Network Pharmacology. Nat Prod Commun 2021. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x211004304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Herbal drugs are continuously being developed and used as effective therapeutics for various cancers, such as cervical cancer (CC); however, their mechanisms of action at a systemic level have not been explored fully. To study such mechanisms, we conducted a network pharmacological investigation of the anti-CC mechanisms of FDY2004, an herbal drug consisting of Moutan Radicis Cortex, Persicae Semen , and Rhei Radix et Rhizoma. We found that FDY2004 inhibited the viability of human CC cells. By performing pharmacokinetic evaluation and network analysis of the phytochemical components of FDY2004, we identified 29 bioactive components and their 116 CC-associated pharmacological targets. Gene ontology enrichment analysis showed that the modulation of cellular functions, such as apoptosis, growth, proliferation, and survival, might be mediated through the FDY2004 targets. The therapeutic targets were also key components of CC-associated oncogenic and tumor-suppressive pathways, including PI3K-Akt, human papillomavirus infection, IL-17, MAPK, TNF, focal adhesion, and viral carcinogenesis pathways. In conclusion, our data present a comprehensive insight for the mechanisms of the anti-CC properties of FDY2004.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho-Sung Lee
- The Fore, Songpa-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Forest Hospital, Songpa-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Hee Lee
- The Fore, Songpa-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungrae Kang
- Forest Hospital, Songpa-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-In Park
- Forestheal Hospital, Songpa-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Minho Jung
- Forest Hospital, Songpa-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Gu Yang
- Kyunghee Naro Hospital, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Wook Kwon
- Forest Hospital, Songpa-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Yeon Lee
- The Fore, Songpa-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Forest Hospital, Songpa-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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34
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Wang J, Xiang H, Lu Y, Wu T. Role and clinical significance of TGF‑β1 and TGF‑βR1 in malignant tumors (Review). Int J Mol Med 2021; 47:55. [PMID: 33604683 PMCID: PMC7895515 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2021.4888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The appearance and growth of malignant tumors is a complicated process that is regulated by a number of genes. In recent years, studies have revealed that the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling pathway serves an important role in cell cycle regulation, growth and development, differentiation, extracellular matrix synthesis and immune response. Notably, two members of the TGF-β signaling pathway, TGF-β1 and TGF-β receptor 1 (TGF-βR1), are highly expressed in a variety of tumors, such as breast cancer, colon cancer, gastric cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma. Moreover, an increasing number of studies have demonstrated that TGF-β1 and TGF-βR1 promote proliferation, migration and epithelial-mesenchymal transition of tumor cells by activating other signaling pathways, signaling molecules or microRNAs (miRs), such as the NF-κB signaling pathway and miR-133b. In addition, some inhibitors targeting TGF-β1 and TGF-βR1 have exhibited positive effects in in vitro experiments. The present review discusses the association between TGF-β1 or TGF-βR1 and tumors, and the development of some inhibitors, hoping to provide more approaches to help identify novel tumor markers to restrain and cure tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junmin Wang
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Hongjiao Xiang
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Yifei Lu
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Tao Wu
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
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35
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Li F, Liu H, Zhang K, Xiao DJ, Wang C, Wang YS. Adipose-derived stromal cells improve functional recovery after spinal cord injury through TGF-β1/Smad3/PLOD2 pathway activation. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:4370-4387. [PMID: 33495412 PMCID: PMC7906172 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Transplantation of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) improves functional recovery in experimental models of spinal cord injury (SCI), but the mechanism is not fully understood. Activation of procollagen-lysine, 2-oxoglutarate 5-dioxygenase 2 (PLOD2), a collagen-modifying enzyme, reportedly follows MSC transplantation in an SCI animal model. We investigated the regulation of PLOD2 expression and its potential contribution to the neuroprotective effects of adipose-derived stromal cells (ADSCs) following mechanical injury to neurons in vitro and SCI in vivo. ADSCs enhanced wound healing in vitro and promoted functional recovery after their implantation near injury sites in a rat SCI model. These effects correlated with upregulation of PLOD2, MAP2, NSE and GAP43, and downregulation of GFAP, which is indicative of improved neuronal survival and axonal regeneration as well as reduced glial scar formation. The neurorestorative effect of ADSCs was weakened after inhibition of PLOD2 expression. ADSCs appeared to induce PLOD2 upregulation via TGF-β1 secretion, as ADSC-mediated PLOD2 expression, neuronal survival, and functional recovery after SCI were largely prevented by SB431542, a TGF-(1 receptor inhibitor. These findings indicate that ADSCs reduce lesion size and promote functional recovery after SCI mainly through activation of a TGF-β1/P-Samd3/PLOD2 pathway in spinal cord neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Li
- Cell Therapy Center, Jinan Central Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250013, China.,Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250013, China.,Shandong Research Center of Transplantation and Tissue, Jinan 250013, China
| | - Hua Liu
- Cell Therapy Center, Jinan Central Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250013, China.,Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250013, China.,Shandong Research Center of Transplantation and Tissue, Jinan 250013, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- Cell Therapy Center, Jinan Central Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250013, China.,Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250013, China.,Shandong Research Center of Transplantation and Tissue, Jinan 250013, China
| | - Dong-Jie Xiao
- Cell Therapy Center, Jinan Central Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250013, China.,Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250013, China.,Shandong Research Center of Transplantation and Tissue, Jinan 250013, China
| | - Chang Wang
- Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250013, China.,Jinan Dien Forensic Judical Appraisal Institute, Jinan Central Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250013, China
| | - Yun-Shan Wang
- Cell Therapy Center, Jinan Central Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250013, China.,Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250013, China
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36
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He C, Li A, Lai Q, Ding J, Yan Q, Liu S, Li Q. The DDX39B/FUT3/TGFβR-I axis promotes tumor metastasis and EMT in colorectal cancer. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:74. [PMID: 33436563 PMCID: PMC7803960 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-03360-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
DDX39B is a member of the DEAD box (DDX) RNA helicase family required for nearly all cellular RNA metabolic processes. The exact role and potential molecular mechanism of DDX39B in the progression of human colorectal cancer (CRC) remain to be investigated. In the present study, we demonstrate that DDX39B expression is higher in CRC tissues than in adjacent normal tissues. Gain- and loss-of-function assays revealed that DDX39B facilitates CRC metastasis in vivo and in vitro. Mechanistically, RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) and RNA-binding protein immunoprecipitation-sequencing (RIP-seq) showed that DDX39B binds directly to the FUT3 pre-mRNA and upregulates FUT3 expression. Splicing experiments in vitro using a Minigene assay confirmed that DDX39B promotes FUT3 pre-mRNA splicing. A nuclear and cytoplasmic RNA separation assay indicates that DDX39B enhances the mRNA export of FUT3. Upregulation of FUT3 accelerates the fucosylation of TGFβR-I, which activates the TGFβ signaling pathway and eventually drives the epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) program and contributes to CRC progression. These findings not only provide new insight into the role of DDX39B in mRNA splicing and export as well as in tumorigenesis, but also shed light on the effects of aberrant fucosylation on CRC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengcheng He
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China
| | - Aimin Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China
| | - Qiuhua Lai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China
| | - Jian Ding
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China
| | - Qun Yan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China
| | - Side Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China.
| | - Qingyuan Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China.
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Tse SW, Tan CF, Park JE, Gnanasekaran J, Gupta N, Low JK, Yeoh KW, Chng WJ, Tay CY, McCarthy NE, Lim SK, Sze SK. Microenvironmental Hypoxia Induces Dynamic Changes in Lung Cancer Synthesis and Secretion of Extracellular Vesicles. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2917. [PMID: 33050615 PMCID: PMC7601203 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12102917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) mediate critical intercellular communication within healthy tissues, but are also exploited by tumour cells to promote angiogenesis, metastasis, and host immunosuppression under hypoxic stress. We hypothesize that hypoxic tumours synthesize hypoxia-sensitive proteins for packing into EVs to modulate their microenvironment for cancer progression. In the current report, we employed a heavy isotope pulse/trace quantitative proteomic approach to study hypoxia sensitive proteins in tumour-derived EVs protein. The results revealed that hypoxia stimulated cells to synthesize EVs proteins involved in enhancing tumour cell proliferation (NRSN2, WISP2, SPRX1, LCK), metastasis (GOLM1, STC1, MGAT5B), stemness (STC1, TMEM59), angiogenesis (ANGPTL4), and suppressing host immunity (CD70). In addition, functional clustering analyses revealed that tumour hypoxia was strongly associated with rapid synthesis and EV loading of lysosome-related hydrolases and membrane-trafficking proteins to enhance EVs secretion. Moreover, lung cancer-derived EVs were also enriched in signalling molecules capable of inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition in recipient cancer cells to promote their migration and invasion. Together, these data indicate that lung-cancer-derived EVs can act as paracrine/autocrine mediators of tumorigenesis and metastasis in hypoxic microenvironments. Tumour EVs may, therefore, offer novel opportunities for useful biomarkers discovery and therapeutic targeting of different cancer types and at different stages according to microenvironmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun Wilford Tse
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551, Singapore; (S.W.T.); (C.F.T.); (J.E.P.); (J.G.); (N.G.)
| | - Chee Fan Tan
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551, Singapore; (S.W.T.); (C.F.T.); (J.E.P.); (J.G.); (N.G.)
- NTU Institute for Health Technologies, Interdisciplinary Graduate School, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637553, Singapore
| | - Jung Eun Park
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551, Singapore; (S.W.T.); (C.F.T.); (J.E.P.); (J.G.); (N.G.)
| | - JebaMercy Gnanasekaran
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551, Singapore; (S.W.T.); (C.F.T.); (J.E.P.); (J.G.); (N.G.)
| | - Nikhil Gupta
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551, Singapore; (S.W.T.); (C.F.T.); (J.E.P.); (J.G.); (N.G.)
| | - Jee Keem Low
- Department of Surgery, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore 308433, Singapore;
| | - Kheng Wei Yeoh
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore 169610, Singapore;
| | - Wee Joo Chng
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute, National University Health System, Singapore 119228, Singapore;
| | - Chor Yong Tay
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore;
| | - Neil E. McCarthy
- Centre for Immunobiology, The Blizard Institute, Bart’s and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 2AT, UK;
| | - Sai Kiang Lim
- Institute of Medical Biology, Singapore 138648, Singapore;
| | - Siu Kwan Sze
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551, Singapore; (S.W.T.); (C.F.T.); (J.E.P.); (J.G.); (N.G.)
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38
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Berglund A, Amankwah EK, Kim YC, Spiess PE, Sexton WJ, Manley B, Park HY, Wang L, Chahoud J, Chakrabarti R, Yeo CD, Luu HN, Pietro GD, Parker A, Park JY. Influence of gene expression on survival of clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Cancer Med 2020; 9:8662-8675. [PMID: 32986937 PMCID: PMC7666730 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.3475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Approximately 10%‐20% of patients with clinically localized clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) at time of surgery will subsequently experience metastatic progression. Although considerable progression was seen in the systemic treatment of metastatic ccRCC in last 20 years, once ccRCC spreads beyond the confines of the kidney, 5‐year survival is less than 10%. Therefore, significant clinical advances are urgently needed to improve overall survival and patient care to manage the growing number of patients with localized ccRCC. We comprehensively evaluated expression of 388 candidate genes related with survival of ccRCC by using TCGA RNAseq (n = 515), Total Cancer Care (TCC) expression array data (n = 298), and a well characterized Moffitt RCC cohort (n = 248). We initially evaluated all 388 genes for association with overall survival using TCGA and TCC data. Eighty‐one genes were selected for further analysis and tested on Moffitt RCC cohort using NanoString expression analysis. Expression of nine genes (AURKA, AURKB, BIRC5, CCNE1, MK167, MMP9, PLOD2, SAA1, and TOP2A) was validated as being associated with poor survival. Survival prognostic models showed that expression of the nine genes and clinical factors predicted the survival in ccRCC patients with AUC value: 0.776, 0.821 and 0.873 for TCGA, TCC and Moffitt data set, respectively. Some of these genes have not been previously implicated in ccRCC survival and thus potentially offer insight into novel therapeutic targets. Future studies are warranted to validate these identified genes, determine their biological mechanisms and evaluate their therapeutic potential in preclinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anders Berglund
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Ernest K Amankwah
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Cancer and Blood Disorders Institute, Johns Hopkins All Children's Hospital, Saint Petersburg, FL, USA
| | - Young-Chul Kim
- Department of Biostatistics, Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Philippe E Spiess
- Department of Genitourinary Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Wade J Sexton
- Department of Genitourinary Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Brandon Manley
- Department of Genitourinary Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA.,Department of Integrated Mathematical Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Hyun Y Park
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Liang Wang
- Department of Tumor Biology, Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Jad Chahoud
- Department of Genitourinary Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Ratna Chakrabarti
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Chang D Yeo
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hung N Luu
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Giuliano D Pietro
- Department of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Sao Cristovao, Brazil
| | - Alexander Parker
- University of Florida College of Medicine, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Jong Y Park
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
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Gaponova AV, Rodin S, Mazina AA, Volchkov PV. Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition: Role in Cancer Progression and the Perspectives of Antitumor Treatment. Acta Naturae 2020; 12:4-23. [PMID: 33173593 PMCID: PMC7604894 DOI: 10.32607/actanaturae.11010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
About 90% of all malignant tumors are of epithelial nature. The epithelial tissue is characterized by a close interconnection between cells through cell-cell interactions, as well as a tight connection with the basement membrane, which is responsible for cell polarity. These interactions strictly determine the location of epithelial cells within the body and are seemingly in conflict with the metastatic potential that many cancers possess (the main criteria for highly malignant tumors). Tumor dissemination into vital organs is one of the primary causes of death in patients with cancer. Tumor dissemination is based on the so-called epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), a process when epithelial cells are transformed into mesenchymal cells possessing high mobility and migration potential. More and more studies elucidating the role of the EMT in metastasis and other aspects of tumor progression are published each year, thus forming a promising field of cancer research. In this review, we examine the most recent data on the intracellular and extracellular molecular mechanisms that activate EMT and the role they play in various aspects of tumor progression, such as metastasis, apoptotic resistance, and immune evasion, aspects that have usually been attributed exclusively to cancer stem cells (CSCs). In conclusion, we provide a detailed review of the approved and promising drugs for cancer therapy that target the components of the EMT signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. V. Gaponova
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, 141701 Russia
| | - S. Rodin
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, 17177 Sweden
| | - A. A. Mazina
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, 141701 Russia
| | - P. V. Volchkov
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, 141701 Russia
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40
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Maroni P. Leptin, Adiponectin, and Sam68 in Bone Metastasis from Breast Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21031051. [PMID: 32033341 PMCID: PMC7037668 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21031051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The most serious aspect of neoplastic disease is the spread of cancer cells to secondary sites. Skeletal metastases can escape detection long after treatment of the primary tumour and follow-up. Bone tissue is a breeding ground for many types of cancer cells, especially those derived from the breast, prostate, and lung. Despite advances in diagnosis and therapeutic strategies, bone metastases still have a profound impact on quality of life and survival and are often responsible for the fatal outcome of the disease. Bone and the bone marrow environment contain a wide variety of cells. No longer considered a passive filler, bone marrow adipocytes have emerged as critical contributors to cancer progression. Released by adipocytes, adipokines are soluble factors with hormone-like functions and are currently believed to affect tumour development. Src-associated in mitosis of 68 kDa (Sam68), originally discovered as a protein physically associated with and phosphorylated by c-Src during mitosis, is now recognised as an important RNA-binding protein linked to tumour onset and progression of disease. Sam68 also regulates splicing events and recent evidence reports that dysregulation of these events is a key step in neoplastic transformation and tumour progression. The present review reports recent findings on adipokines and Sam68 and their role in breast cancer progression and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Maroni
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Via R. Galeazzi 4, 20161 Milano, Italy
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41
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Cheong CM, Mrozik KM, Hewett DR, Bell E, Panagopoulos V, Noll JE, Licht JD, Gronthos S, Zannettino ACW, Vandyke K. Twist-1 is upregulated by NSD2 and contributes to tumour dissemination and an epithelial-mesenchymal transition-like gene expression signature in t(4;14)-positive multiple myeloma. Cancer Lett 2020; 475:99-108. [PMID: 32014459 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2020.01.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Revised: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Approximately 15% of patients with multiple myeloma (MM) harbour the t(4;14) chromosomal translocation, leading to the overexpression of the histone methyltransferase NSD2. Patients with this translocation display increased tumour dissemination, accelerated disease progression and rapid relapse. Using publicly available gene expression profile data from NSD2high (n = 135) and NSD2low (n = 878) MM patients, we identified 39 epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-associated genes which are overexpressed in NSD2high MM plasma cells. In addition, our analyses identified Twist-1 as a key transcription factor upregulated in NSD2high MM patients and t(4;14)-positive cell lines. Overexpression and knockdown studies confirmed that Twist-1 is involved in driving the expression of EMT-associated genes in the human MM cell line KMS11 and promoted the migration of myeloma cell lines in vitro. Notably, Twist-1 overexpression in the mouse MM cell line 5TGM1 significantly increased tumour dissemination in an intratibial tumour model. These findings demonstrate that Twist-1, downstream of NSD2, contributes to the induction of an EMT-like signature in t(4;14)-positive MM and enhances the dissemination of MM plasma cells in vivo, which may, in part, explain the aggressive disease features associated with t(4;14)-positive MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chee Man Cheong
- Myeloma Research Laboratory, Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia; Precision Medicine Theme, South Australian Health & Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, Australia
| | - Krzysztof M Mrozik
- Myeloma Research Laboratory, Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia; Precision Medicine Theme, South Australian Health & Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, Australia
| | - Duncan R Hewett
- Myeloma Research Laboratory, Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia; Precision Medicine Theme, South Australian Health & Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, Australia
| | - Elyse Bell
- Myeloma Research Laboratory, Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia; Precision Medicine Theme, South Australian Health & Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, Australia
| | - Vasilios Panagopoulos
- Myeloma Research Laboratory, Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia; Precision Medicine Theme, South Australian Health & Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, Australia
| | - Jacqueline E Noll
- Myeloma Research Laboratory, Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia; Precision Medicine Theme, South Australian Health & Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, Australia
| | - Jonathan D Licht
- Departments of Medicine, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and University of Florida Health Cancer Center, The University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Stan Gronthos
- Precision Medicine Theme, South Australian Health & Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, Australia; Mesenchymal Stem Cell Laboratory, Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Andrew C W Zannettino
- Myeloma Research Laboratory, Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia; Precision Medicine Theme, South Australian Health & Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, Australia
| | - Kate Vandyke
- Myeloma Research Laboratory, Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia; Precision Medicine Theme, South Australian Health & Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, Australia.
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42
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Wu Y, Zhao J, Dong S, Wang Y, Li A, Jiang Y, Chen Z, Li C, Wang W, Zhang Z. Whole-exome and RNA sequencing reveal novel insights into the pathogenesis of HPV associated cervical cancer. Cancer Biomark 2020; 25:341-350. [PMID: 31306105 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-190055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Worldwide, cervical cancer is the fouth leading cause of deaths in gynecological oncology. Although the causes of cervical cancer have been extensively investigated, understanding of its exact pathogenesis remains incomplete. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to identify alterations of genome and transcriptome of HPV associated cervical cancer pathogenesis using multi-omics approaches. METHODS Cervical cancer and matched adjacent non-tumor specimens of one HPV16+ and two HPV- patients were sampled for whole-exome sequencing (WES) and RNA sequencing to characterize DNA mutations and gene expression profiles. WES and Affymetrix SNP 6.0 arrays data were analyzed from 6 HPV- and 93 HPV16+ cervical cancer patients in the cancer genome atlas (TCGA) database, as an independent validation group. RESULTS WES identified 64 somatic mutation genes in tumors of 3 patients. HPV16+ tumor got fewer somatic mutated genes than HPV- tumors, which was validated by TCGA results. In this study, somatic mutated profile, CNV and gene expression heat map presented that HPV16+ tumors was distinct with HPV- tumors. The most significant altered pathways and GO terms were both related with cell cycle. Integrated analysis of multi-omics showed positive correlation between gene expression level and copy numbers. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study provided novel insights into the pathogenesis of HPV associated cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yibo Wu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian 362002, China.,Department of Clinical Laboratory, Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian 362002, China
| | - Jiangman Zhao
- Biotecan Medical Diagnostics Co., Ltd, Shanghai 201204, China.,Shanghai Zhangjiang Institute of Medical Innovation, Shanghai 201204, China.,Department of Clinical Laboratory, Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian 362002, China
| | - Shu Dong
- Biotecan Medical Diagnostics Co., Ltd, Shanghai 201204, China.,Shanghai Zhangjiang Institute of Medical Innovation, Shanghai 201204, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Biotecan Medical Diagnostics Co., Ltd, Shanghai 201204, China.,Shanghai Zhangjiang Institute of Medical Innovation, Shanghai 201204, China
| | - Ailu Li
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian 362002, China
| | - Yancheng Jiang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian 362002, China
| | - Zixuan Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian 362002, China
| | - Chunxiao Li
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian 362002, China
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350004, China.,Key Laboratory of National Health and Family Planning Commission on Parasitic Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory on Parasite and Vector Control Technology, Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Public Health Research Center of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214064, China
| | - Zhishan Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian 362002, China
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43
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Wan J, Qin J, Cao Q, Hu P, Zhong C, Tu C. Hypoxia-induced PLOD2 regulates invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in endometrial carcinoma cells. Genes Genomics 2019; 42:317-324. [PMID: 31872384 DOI: 10.1007/s13258-019-00901-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Procollagen-lysine, 2-oxoglutarate 5-dioxygenase 2 (PLOD2) was induced in hypoxia and participated in cancer development. However, the role of PLOD2 in endometrial carcinoma remains unclear. OBJECTIVE To explore the influences and regulation mechanism of PLOD2 in endometrial carcinoma under hypoxic condition. METHODS The small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting to PLOD2 and pcDNA3.1-PLPD2 were transfected to endometrial carcinoma cells to alter PLOD2 expression. Cell proliferation ability was determined by colony formation assay. Wound healing assay used to detect cell migration ability. Transwell invasion assay was used to detect cell invasion ability. RESULTS PLOD2 and Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) were induced by hypoxia. Down-regulation of PLOD2 did not affect endometrial carcinoma cell proliferation ability, while inhibited cell migration, invasion under hypoxic condition. Besides, down-regulation of PLOD2 increased the levels of γ-catenin and E-cadherin and decreased levels of Fibronectin and Snail under hypoxic condition. Down-regulation of PLOD2 also inactivated Src and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/ protein kinase B (Akt) signaling under hypoxic condition. The promoting effects of PLOD2 overexpression on migration, invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of endometrial carcinoma cells were reversed by Akt inhibitor (MK2206) under hypoxic condition. CONCLUSION PLOD2 expression was increased in endometrial carcinoma cells under hypoxic condition. PLOD2 modulated migration, invasion, and EMT of endometrial carcinoma cells via PI3K/Akt signaling. PLOD2 may be a potential therapeutic target for endometrial carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhui Wan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 1st Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 17# Yongwai Zheng Street, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province, 330006, China
| | - Junli Qin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 1st Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 17# Yongwai Zheng Street, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province, 330006, China
| | - Qinyue Cao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province, 330006, China
| | - Ping Hu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province, 330006, China
| | - Chunmei Zhong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province, 330006, China
| | - Chunhua Tu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 1st Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 17# Yongwai Zheng Street, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province, 330006, China.
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44
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Xu WH, Xu Y, Wang J, Tian X, Wu J, Wan FN, Wang HK, Qu YY, Zhang HL, Ye DW. Procollagen-lysine, 2-oxoglutarate 5-dioxygenases 1, 2, and 3 are potential prognostic indicators in patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 11:6503-6521. [PMID: 31446433 PMCID: PMC6738415 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Intratumoral fibrosis is a frequent histologic finding in highly vascularized clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). Here, we investigated the expression of a family of collagen-modifying enzymes, procollagen-lysine, 2-oxoglutarate 5-dioxygenases 1, 2, and 3 (PLOD1/2/3), in ccRCC tissues and assessed the prognostic value of wild-type and genetically mutated PLOD1/2/3 for ccRCC patients. Normal kidney and ccRCC mRNA and protein expression datasets were obtained from Oncomine, The Cancer Genome Atlas, and Human Protein Atlas databases. Associations between PLOD1/2/3 expression, clinicopathological variables, and patient survival were evaluated using Cox regression and Kaplan–Meier analyses. PLOD1/2/3 mRNA and protein expression levels were significantly elevated in ccRCC tissues compared with normal kidney. Increased PLOD1/2/3 mRNA expression was significantly associated with advanced tumor stage, high pathological grade, and shorter progression-free and overall survival (all p<0.01). Genetic mutation of PLOD1/2/3 was present in ~3% of ccRCC patients and was associated with significantly poorer prognosis compared with expression of wild-type PLOD1/2/3 (p<0.001). This study thus identifies tumor expression of wild-type or mutated PLOD1/2/3 mRNA as a potential predictive biomarker for ccRCC patients and sheds light on the underlying molecular pathogenesis of ccRCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Hao Xu
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Yue Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, P.R. China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Xi Tian
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Junlong Wu
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Fang-Ning Wan
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Hong-Kai Wang
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Qu
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Hai-Liang Zhang
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Ding-Wei Ye
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
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45
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Wang Z, Gao L, Guo X, Feng C, Deng K, Lian W, Xing B. Identification of microRNAs associated with the aggressiveness of prolactin pituitary tumors using bioinformatic analysis. Oncol Rep 2019; 42:533-548. [PMID: 31173251 PMCID: PMC6609352 DOI: 10.3892/or.2019.7173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Aggressive prolactin pituitary tumors, which exhibit aggressive behaviors and resistance to conventional treatments, are a huge challenge for neurosurgeons. Many studies have investigated the roles of microRNAs (miRNAs) in pituitary tumorigenesis, invasion and metastasis, but few have explored aggressiveness‑associated miRNAs in aggressive pituitary tumors. Differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) between aggressive and nonaggressive prolactin pituitary tumors were screened using the GSE46294 miRNA expression profile downloaded from the GEO database. The potential target genes of the top three most highly upregulated and downregulated DEMs were predicted by miRTarBase, and potential functional annotation and pathway enrichment analysis were performed using the DAVID database. Protein‑protein interaction (PPI) and miRNA‑hub gene interaction networks were constructed by Cytoscape software. A total of 43 DEMs were identified, including 19 upregulated and 24 downregulated miRNAs, between aggressive and nonaggressive prolactin pituitary tumors. One hundred and seventy and 680 target genes were predicted for the top three most highly upregulated and downregulated miRNAs, respectively, and these genes were involved in functional enrichment pathways, such as regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter, DNA‑templated transcription, Wnt signaling pathway, protein binding, and transcription factor activity (sequence‑specific DNA binding). In the PPI network, the top 10 genes with the highest degree of connectivity of the upregulated and downregulated DEMs were selected as hub genes. By constructing an miRNA‑hub gene network, it was found that most hub genes were potentially modulated by hsa‑miR‑489 and hsa‑miR‑520b. Targeting hsa‑miR‑489 and hsa‑miR‑520b may provide new clues for the diagnosis and treatment of aggressive prolactin pituitary tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihao Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Dongcheng, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
- China Pituitary Disease Registry Center, Chinese Pituitary Adenoma Cooperative Group, Dongcheng, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Lu Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Dongcheng, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
- China Pituitary Disease Registry Center, Chinese Pituitary Adenoma Cooperative Group, Dongcheng, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Xiaopeng Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Dongcheng, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
- China Pituitary Disease Registry Center, Chinese Pituitary Adenoma Cooperative Group, Dongcheng, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Chenzhe Feng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Dongcheng, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
- China Pituitary Disease Registry Center, Chinese Pituitary Adenoma Cooperative Group, Dongcheng, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Kan Deng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Dongcheng, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
- China Pituitary Disease Registry Center, Chinese Pituitary Adenoma Cooperative Group, Dongcheng, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Wei Lian
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Dongcheng, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
- China Pituitary Disease Registry Center, Chinese Pituitary Adenoma Cooperative Group, Dongcheng, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Bing Xing
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Dongcheng, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
- China Pituitary Disease Registry Center, Chinese Pituitary Adenoma Cooperative Group, Dongcheng, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
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Zhang P, Lu Y, Gao S. High-mobility group box 2 promoted proliferation of cervical cancer cells by activating AKT signaling pathway. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:17345-17353. [PMID: 31209930 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Cervical cancer is one of the leading killers for female worldwide. Nevertheless, the less knowledge of molecular mechanism for cervical cancer limited the improvement of treatment effects. High-mobility group box 2 (HMGB2) belongs to the HMGB family, which could play diverse roles in cell proliferation. This work mainly aimed to study the functions of HMGB2 on cervical cancer cells proliferation. HMGB2 was highly expressed in cervical cancer tissue. The results of real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis showed that HMGB2 was expressed in all the five cervical cancer cells (HeLa, CaSki, SiHa, C-33A, and C4-1 cells). In addition, HMGB2 overexpression obviously improved cell viability and promoted cell cycle progression, which suggested that HMGB2 could promote proliferation of cervical cancer cells. Moreover, HMGB2 overexpression increased the level of p-AKT and reduced the levels of p21 and p27. However, HMGB2 downregulation had contrary influences on cell proliferation, cell cycle distribution and the levels of p-AKT, p21, and p27. Notably, LY294002, as an inhibitor of AKT signaling pathway, could significantly weaken the effects of HMGB2 overexpression, which indicated that HMGB2 might promote cell proliferation by activating AKT signaling pathway. Therefore, HMGB2 was hopeful to be a candidate as a new biomarker and therapy target for cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengnan Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-Related Disease, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Lu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-Related Disease, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Shujun Gao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-Related Disease, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Center of Diagnosis and Treatment for Cervical Diseases, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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47
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Wei X, Li S, He J, Du H, Liu Y, Yu W, Hu H, Han L, Wang C, Li H, Shi X, Zhan M, Lu L, Yuan S, Sun L. Tumor-secreted PAI-1 promotes breast cancer metastasis via the induction of adipocyte-derived collagen remodeling. Cell Commun Signal 2019; 17:58. [PMID: 31170987 PMCID: PMC6554964 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-019-0373-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Breast cancer cells recruit surrounding stromal cells, such as cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), to remodel collagen and promote tumor metastasis. Adipocytes are the most abundant stromal partners in breast tissue, local invasion of breast cancer leads to the proximity of cancer cells and adipocytes, which respond to generate cancer-associated adipocytes (CAAs). These cells exhibit enhanced secretion of extracellular matrix related proteins, including collagens. However, the role of adipocyte-derived collagen on breast cancer progression still remains unclear. Methods Adipocytes were cocultured with breast cancer cells for 3D collagen invasion and collagen organization exploration. Breast cancer cells and adipose tissue co- implanted mouse model, clinical breast cancer samples analysis were used to study the crosstalk between adipose and breast cancer cells in vivo. A combination of proteomics, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, loss of function assay, qPCR, western blot, database analysis and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays were performed to study the mechanism mediated the activation of PLOD2 in adipocytes. Results It was found that CAAs remodeled collagen alignment during crosstalk with breast cancer cells in vitro and in vivo, which further promoted breast cancer metastasis. Tumor-derived PAI-1 was required to activate the expression of the intracellular enzyme procollagen-lysine, 2-oxoglutarate 5-dioxygenase 2 (PLOD2) in CAAs. Pharmacologic blockade of PAI-1 or PLOD2 disrupted the collagen reorganization in CAAs. Mechanistically, it was observed that PI3K/AKT pathway was activated in adipocytes upon co-culturing with breast cancer cells or treatment with recombinant PAI-1, which could promote the translocation of transcription factor FOXP1 into the nucleus and further enhanced the promoter activity of PLOD2 in CAAs. In addition, collagen reorganization at the tumor-adipose periphery, as well as the positive relevance between PAI-1 and PLOD2 in invasive breast carcinoma were confirmed in clinical specimens of breast cancer. Conclusion In summary, our findings revealed a new stromal collagen network that favors tumor invasion and metastasis establish between breast cancer cells and surrounding adipocytes at the tumor invasive front, and identified PLOD2 as a therapeutic target for metastatic breast cancer treatment. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12964-019-0373-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Wei
- Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24, Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, China
| | - Sijing Li
- Jiangsu Key laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, No.24, Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, China
| | - Jinyong He
- Jiangsu Key laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, No.24, Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongzhi Du
- School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24, Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Yu
- Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24, Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, China
| | - Haolin Hu
- Breast Disease Center, Zhong-Da Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lifei Han
- Breast Disease Center, Zhong-Da Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chenfei Wang
- Breast Disease Center, Zhong-Da Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongyang Li
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Shi
- Department of General Surgery, Zhong-Da Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Meixiao Zhan
- Zhuhai Interventional Medical Center, Zhuhai Precision Medical Center, Zhuhai People's Hospital, Zhuhai Hospital of Jinan University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Ligong Lu
- Zhuhai Interventional Medical Center, Zhuhai Precision Medical Center, Zhuhai People's Hospital, Zhuhai Hospital of Jinan University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Shengtao Yuan
- Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24, Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, China.
| | - Li Sun
- Jiangsu Key laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, No.24, Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, China.
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48
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He J, Wei X, Li S, Quan X, Li R, Du H, Yuan S, Sun L. DT-13 suppresses breast cancer metastasis by modulating PLOD2 in the adipocytes microenvironment. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 59:152778. [PMID: 31005809 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2018.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2018] [Revised: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/01/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metastasis is the main cause of death in breast cancer and previous researches have indicated the pivotal role of adipocytes in breast cancer metastasis. DT-13, the saponin monomer 13 of the Dwarf lilyturf tuber, has been proved to exert potential anti-metastatic effect, the detailed mechanisms have not been well elucidated and the role of DT-13 in modulating adipocyte-breast cancer microenvironment has been given little attention. PURPOSE This study aims to explore the mechanisms of DT-13 in inhibiting breast cancer metastasis and whether DT-13 inhibit breast cancer metastasis via modulating the interactions between adipocytes and breast cancer cells. METHODS The cytotoxic effect of DT-13 on breast cancer cell viability was detected by MTT assay. Migration assays was used to conduct the effect of DT-13 on breast cancer cells migration. Orthotopic xenograft tumor model was used to test the effect of DT-13 on breast cancer metastasis. qRT-PCR and Western blot were used to investigate the mechanisms of DT-13 inhibiting breast cancer metastasis. RESULTS DT-13 inhibited breast cancer cells migration at the concentration without cytotoxicity. Furthermore, DT-13 decreased PLOD2 expression through modulating JAK/STAT3 and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways directly or indirectly in the adipocyte-breast cancer microenvironment. Orthotopic implantation mouse model of breast cancer further confirmed that DT-13 inhibited breast cancer metastasis via downregulating PLOD2 in vivo. CONCLUSION DT-13 suppressed breast cancer metastasis via reducing the expression of PLOD2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyong He
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaohui Wei
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Sijing Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xingping Quan
- Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ruiming Li
- Tasly Research Institute, Tianjin Tasly Hodling Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin, China
| | - Hongzhi Du
- Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shengtao Yuan
- Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Li Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.
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49
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Wei GG, Gao L, Tang ZY, Lin P, Liang LB, Zeng JJ, Chen G, Zhang LC. Drug repositioning in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: An integrated pathway analysis based on connectivity map and differential gene expression. Pathol Res Pract 2019; 215:152378. [PMID: 30871913 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2019.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Revised: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The severe damage to health and social burden caused by head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) generated an urgent need to develop novel anti-cancer therapy. Currently, drug repositioning has risen in responses to the proper time as an efficient approach to invention of new anti-cancer therapies. In the present study, we aimed to screen candidate drugs for HNSCC by integrating HNSCC-related pathways from differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and drug-affected pathways from connectivity map (CMAP). We also endeavored to unveil the molecular mechanism of HNSCC through creating drug-target network and protein-to-protein (PPI) network of component DEGs in key overlapping pathways. As a result, a total of 401 DEGs were obtained from TCGA and GTEx mRNA-seq data. Taking the intersection part of 27 HNSCC-related Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways and 33 drug-affected pathways, we retained 22 candidate drugs corresponding to two key pathways (cell cycle and p53 signaling pathways) of the five overlapping pathways. Two of the hub genes (PCNA and CCND1) identified from the PPI network of component DEGs in cell cycle and p53 signaling pathways were defined as the critical targets of candidate drugs with increased protein expression in HNSCC tissues, which was reported by the human protein atlas (HPA) database and cBioPortal. Finally, we validated via molecular docking analysis that two drugs with unknown effects in HNSCC: MG-262 and bepridil might perturb the development of HNSCC through targeting PCNA. These candidate drugs possessed broad application prospect as medication for HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gan-Guan Wei
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, NO.303 Hospital of PLA, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Li Gao
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Zheng-Yi Tang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, NO.303 Hospital of PLA, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Peng Lin
- Department of Medical Ultrasonics, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Li-Bin Liang
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Jing-Jing Zeng
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China.
| | - Long-Cheng Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, NO.303 Hospital of PLA, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China.
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50
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Hu HL, Wang CF, Wei XH, Lv JX, Cao XH, Shi YY, Han LF, Zhang YN. Correlation between procollagen-lysine, 2-oxoglutarate 5-dioxygenase 2 and breast cancer. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2019; 12:1015-1021. [PMID: 31933913 PMCID: PMC6945164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Procollagen-lysine, 2-oxoglutarate 5-dioxygenase 2 (PLOD2), which affects collagen synthesis, is associated with breast cancer. The purpose of the study is to detect the expression of PLOD2 in breast cancer and to evaluate the correlation between PLOD2 and clinicopathologic characteristics and prognosis of patients with breast cancer. 50 paired samples including breast cancer tissues and adjacent non-tumor tissues were formalin-fixed and evaluated by immunohistochemistry. The results revealed that PLOD2 expression in breast cancer tissues was much higher than that in tissues adjacent to breast cancer. High expression of PLOD2 was positively associated with tumor stage (P = 0.003) and lymph node metastasis (P = 0.001). However, high expression of PLOD2 was negatively related to Ki-67 (P < 0.001) while positively related to progesterone receptor (PR) (P = 0.001). PLOD2 expression was positively related to the metastasis of breast cancer. Therefore, high expression of PLOD2 was identified as a poor prognostic biomarker for patients with breast cancer. These results suggest a novel molecular mechanism in breast cancer tumorigenesis, thus providing a potential therapeutic target of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Lin Hu
- Breast Disease Center, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University87 Dingjiaqiao Road, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Chen-Fei Wang
- Medical School, Southeast University87 Dingjiaqiao Road, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xiao-Hui Wei
- China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing 210009, China
| | - Jian-Xin Lv
- Breast Disease Center, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University87 Dingjiaqiao Road, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xin-Hua Cao
- Breast Disease Center, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University87 Dingjiaqiao Road, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yi-Yi Shi
- Medical School, Southeast University87 Dingjiaqiao Road, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Li-Fei Han
- Medical School, Southeast University87 Dingjiaqiao Road, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Ya-Nan Zhang
- Breast Disease Center, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University87 Dingjiaqiao Road, Nanjing 210009, China
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