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Samara P, Athanasopoulos M, Mastronikolis S, Kyrodimos E, Athanasopoulos I, Mastronikolis NS. The Role of Oncogenic Viruses in Head and Neck Cancers: Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, and Advancements in Detection Methods. Microorganisms 2024; 12:1482. [PMID: 39065250 PMCID: PMC11279059 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12071482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2024] [Revised: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Head and neck cancers (HNCs) constitute a wide range of malignancies originating from the epithelial lining of the upper aerodigestive tract, including the oral cavity, pharynx, larynx, nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses, and salivary glands. Although lymphomas affecting this region are not conventionally classified as HNCs, they may occur in lymph nodes or mucosa-associated lymphoid tissues within the head and neck. Oncogenic viruses play a crucial role in HNC onset. Human papillomavirus (HPV) is extensively studied for its association with oropharyngeal cancers; nevertheless, other oncogenic viruses also contribute to HNC development. This review provides an overview of the epidemiology, pathogenesis, and advancements in detection methods of oncogenic viruses associated with HNCs, recognizing HPV's well-established role while exploring additional viral connections. Notably, Epstein-Barr virus is linked to nasopharyngeal carcinoma and lymphomas. Human herpesvirus 8 is implicated in Kaposi's sarcoma, and Merkel cell polyomavirus is associated with subsets of HNCs. Additionally, hepatitis viruses are examined for their potential association with HNCs. Understanding the viral contributions in the head and neck area is critical for refining therapeutic approaches. This review underlines the interaction between viruses and malignancies in this region, highlighting the necessity for ongoing research to elucidate additional mechanisms and enhance clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pinelopi Samara
- Children’s Oncology, Unit Marianna V. Vardinoyannis-ELPIDA, Aghia Sophia Children’s Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Michail Athanasopoulos
- Department of Otolaryngology, University Hospital of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece; (M.A.); (N.S.M.)
| | | | - Efthymios Kyrodimos
- 1st Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Hippocration Hospital, University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece;
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Khasawneh AI, Himsawi N, Sammour A, Al Shboul S, Alorjani M, Al-Momani H, Shahin U, Al-Momani H, Alotaibi MR, Saleh T. Association of Human Papilloma Virus, Cytomegalovirus, and Epstein-Barr Virus with Breast Cancer in Jordanian Women. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2024; 60:699. [PMID: 38792882 PMCID: PMC11122978 DOI: 10.3390/medicina60050699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: The investigation of oncogenic viruses and their potential association with breast cancer (BC) remains an intriguing area of study. The current work aims to assess evidence of three specific viruses, human papillomavirus (HPV), cytomegalovirus (CMV), and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in BC samples and to explore their relationship with relevant clinicopathological variables. Materials and Methods: The analysis involved BC samples from 110 Jordanian female patients diagnosed with BC and breast tissue samples from 30 control patients with no evidence of breast malignancy, investigated using real-time PCR. The findings were then correlated with various clinico-pathological characteristics of BC. Results: HPV was detected in 27 (24.5%), CMV in 15 (13.6%), and EBV in 18 (16.4%) BC patients. None of the control samples was positive for HPV or CMV while EBV was detected in only one (3.3%) sample. While (HPV/EBV), (HPV/CMV), and (EBV/CMV) co-infections were reported in 1.8%, 2.7%, and 5.5%, respectively, coinfection with the three viruses (HPV/CMV/EBV) was not reported in our cohort. A statistically significant association was observed between HPV status and age (p = 0.047), and between clinical stage and CMV infection (p = 0.015). Conclusions: Our findings indicate the presence or co-presence of HPV, CMV, and EBV in the BC subpopulation, suggesting a potential role in its development and/or progression. Further investigation is required to elucidate the underlying mechanisms that account for the exact role of oncoviruses in breast carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashraf I. Khasawneh
- Department of Microbiology, Pathology, and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Hashemite University, Zarqa 13133, Jordan (H.A.-M.)
| | - Nisreen Himsawi
- Department of Microbiology, Pathology, and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Hashemite University, Zarqa 13133, Jordan (H.A.-M.)
| | - Ashraf Sammour
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology & Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, The Hashemite University, Zarqa 13133, Jordan
| | - Sofian Al Shboul
- Department of Pharmacology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, The Hashemite University, Zarqa 13133, Jordan
| | - Mohammed Alorjani
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | - Hadeel Al-Momani
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | - Uruk Shahin
- Department of Pharmacology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, The Hashemite University, Zarqa 13133, Jordan
| | - Hafez Al-Momani
- Department of Microbiology, Pathology, and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Hashemite University, Zarqa 13133, Jordan (H.A.-M.)
| | - Moureq R. Alotaibi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tareq Saleh
- Department of Pharmacology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, The Hashemite University, Zarqa 13133, Jordan
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Constantin M, Chifiriuc MC, Mihaescu G, Vrancianu CO, Dobre EG, Cristian RE, Bleotu C, Bertesteanu SV, Grigore R, Serban B, Cirstoiu C. Implications of oral dysbiosis and HPV infection in head and neck cancer: from molecular and cellular mechanisms to early diagnosis and therapy. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1273516. [PMID: 38179168 PMCID: PMC10765588 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1273516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Head and neck cancer (HNC) is the sixth most common type of cancer, with more than half a million new cases annually. This review focuses on the role of oral dysbiosis and HPV infection in HNCs, presenting the involved taxons, molecular effectors and pathways, as well as the HPV-associated particularities of genetic and epigenetic changes and of the tumor microenvironment occurred in different stages of tumor development. Oral dysbiosis is associated with the evolution of HNCs, through multiple mechanisms such as inflammation, genotoxins release, modulation of the innate and acquired immune response, carcinogens and anticarcinogens production, generation of oxidative stress, induction of mutations. Thus, novel microbiome-derived biomarkers and interventions could significantly contribute to achieving the desideratum of personalized management of oncologic patients, regarding both early diagnosis and treatment. The results reported by different studies are not always congruent regarding the variations in the abundance of different taxons in HNCs. However, there is a consistent reporting of a higher abundance of Gram-negative species such as Fusobacterium, Leptotrichia, Treponema, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella, Bacteroidetes, Haemophilus, Veillonella, Pseudomonas, Enterobacterales, which are probably responsible of chronic inflammation and modulation of tumor microenvironment. Candida albicans is the dominant fungi found in oral carcinoma being also associated with shorter survival rate. Specific microbial signatures (e.g., F. nucleatum, Bacteroidetes and Peptostreptococcus) have been associated with later stages and larger tumor, suggesting their potential to be used as biomarkers for tumor stratification and prognosis. On the other hand, increased abundance of Corynebacterium, Kingella, Abiotrophia is associated with a reduced risk of HNC. Microbiome could also provide biomarkers for differentiating between oropharyngeal and hypopharyngeal cancers as well as between HPV-positive and HPV-negative tumors. Ongoing clinical trials aim to validate non-invasive tests for microbiome-derived biomarkers detection in oral and throat cancers, especially within high-risk populations. Oro-pharyngeal dysbiosis could also impact the HNCs therapy and associated side-effects of radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy. HPV-positive tumors harbor fewer mutations, as well as different DNA methylation pattern and tumor microenvironment. Therefore, elucidation of the molecular mechanisms by which oral microbiota and HPV infection influence the HNC initiation and progression, screening for HPV infection and vaccination against HPV, adopting a good oral hygiene, and preventing oral dysbiosis are important tools for advancing in the battle with this public health global challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marian Constantin
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biology of Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania
- The Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, ICUB, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mariana Carmen Chifiriuc
- The Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, ICUB, Bucharest, Romania
- Microbiology Immunology Department, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Life, Medical and Agricultural Sciences, Biological Sciences Section, Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Grigore Mihaescu
- Microbiology Immunology Department, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Corneliu Ovidiu Vrancianu
- The Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, ICUB, Bucharest, Romania
- Microbiology Immunology Department, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
- DANUBIUS Department, National Institute of Research and Development for Biological Sciences, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Elena-Georgiana Dobre
- The Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, ICUB, Bucharest, Romania
- Immunology Department, “Victor Babes” National Institute of Pathology, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Roxana-Elena Cristian
- The Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, ICUB, Bucharest, Romania
- DANUBIUS Department, National Institute of Research and Development for Biological Sciences, Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Coralia Bleotu
- The Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, ICUB, Bucharest, Romania
- Cellular and Molecular Pathology Department, Ştefan S. Nicolau Institute of Virology, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Serban Vifor Bertesteanu
- Coltea Clinical Hospital, ENT, Head & Neck Surgery Department, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Raluca Grigore
- Coltea Clinical Hospital, ENT, Head & Neck Surgery Department, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Bogdan Serban
- University Emergency Hospital, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Catalin Cirstoiu
- University Emergency Hospital, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
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Wang W, Song C, Su Z, Kothari S, Chen YT, Liu Y, Wu SY, Panchal R, Morais E, Zhang SK, Yin J, Qiao YL, Roberts C. Assessing the burden of HPV-related head and neck cancers in mainland China: protocol of a nationwide, multisite, cross-sectional study. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e073277. [PMID: 37968007 PMCID: PMC10660923 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-073277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Persistent human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is a known cause of a subset of head and neck cancers (HNCs). In the last two decades, the proportion of HNCs attributable to HPV infection has increased worldwide, notably the oropharyngeal cancers. However, the trend of HPV-related HNC burden is not clearly understood yet in China. Thus, the absolute burden of HPV-related head and neck cancers in China (BROADEN-China) will be conducted to estimate the proportion of HNCs attributable to HPV infection, per anatomic site, by genotype, in three time periods (2008-2009, 2013-2014 and 2018-2019). METHODS AND ANALYSIS BROADEN-China is a nationwide, multisite, cross-sectional study. A stratified, multistage, non-randomised cluster sampling method will be used to select 2601 patients with HNC from 14 hospitals across seven regions, based on population density in China. Patients with formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue samples collected prior to treatment induction during three time periods will be included, and factors (eg, smoking status, alcohol consumption, betel nut chewing, Epstein-Barr virus, teeth loss, etc) associated with HNC will be assessed. HPV testing (HPV-DNA, HPV-mRNA and p16INK4a immunohistochemistry) and histological diagnosis of the tissue samples will be conducted at a central laboratory.The study protocol and all required documents have been submitted for review and approval to the Independent Ethics Committees of all the participating sites. The informed consent was waived for all participants and all the recorded data will be treated as confidential.We have included 14 hospitals as our participating sites, of which Henan Cancer Hospital is the leading site. The study has been approved by the independent ethics committees of the leading site on 3 December 2020. The other 13 participating site names of ethics committee and IRB that have approved this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Merck & Co Inc, Rahway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Cheng Song
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zheng Su
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | | | | | - Yin Liu
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Shu-Yu Wu
- MSD China Ltd, Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | | | | | - Shao-Kai Zhang
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jian Yin
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - You-Lin Qiao
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Gihbid A, El Amrani A, Mouh FZ, Gheit T, Benhessou M, Amrani M, McKay-Chopin S, Mohamed Brahim S, Sahraoui S, Bennani A, El Mzibri M, Khyatti M. Prevalence of Polyomaviruses and Herpesviruses in Moroccan Breast Cancer. Pathogens 2023; 12:640. [PMID: 37242310 PMCID: PMC10224421 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12050640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most frequently diagnosed cancer and the leading cause of cancer death in women worldwide, accounting for 24.5% of total new cancer cases and 15.5% of total cancer deaths. Similarly, BC is the most common cancer among Moroccan women, comprising a noteworthy percentage of 40% of all cancers in women. Globally, 15% of cancers are attributable to infections; among them, viruses play a significant role. The present study aimed to explore the presence of a wide range of viral DNA in samples recovered from 76 Moroccan patients with BC and 12 controls using Luminex technology. The explored viruses were as follows: 10 polyomaviruses (PyVs): BKV, KIV, JCV, MCV, WUV, TSV, HPyV6, HPyV7, HPyV9, and SV40; and 5 Herpesviruses (HHVs): CMV, EBV1, EBV2, HSV1, and HSV2. Our results revealed the presence of PyVs DNA in both control (16.7%) and BC tissues (18.4%). Nonetheless, HHV DNA was detected exclusively in BC tissues (23.7%), with a predominance of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) (21%). In conclusion, our study highlights the presence of EBV in human BC tissues, which may play an important role in its development and/or progression. Further investigations are needed to confirm the presence/co-presence of these viruses in BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amina Gihbid
- Oncovirology Laboratory, Institut Pasteur du Maroc, 1, Place Louis Pasteur, Casablanca 20360, Morocco
| | - Amal El Amrani
- Oncovirology Laboratory, Institut Pasteur du Maroc, 1, Place Louis Pasteur, Casablanca 20360, Morocco
| | - Fatima Zahra Mouh
- Oncogyma Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University, Rabat 10100, Morocco
| | - Tarik Gheit
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, 69007 Lyon, France
| | - Mustapha Benhessou
- Department of Gynecological Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine of Casablanca, Hospital University Center (CHU) Ibn Rochd Casablanca, Casablanca 20250, Morocco
| | - Mariam Amrani
- Oncogyma Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University, Rabat 10100, Morocco
| | | | - Selma Mohamed Brahim
- Oncovirology Laboratory, Institut Pasteur du Maroc, 1, Place Louis Pasteur, Casablanca 20360, Morocco
| | - Souha Sahraoui
- Mohammed VI Center for Cancer Treatment, Ibn Rochd University Hospital, Casablanca 20250, Morocco
| | - Abdelouaheb Bennani
- Oncovirology Laboratory, Institut Pasteur du Maroc, 1, Place Louis Pasteur, Casablanca 20360, Morocco
| | - Mohammed El Mzibri
- Biology and Medical Research Unit, National Centre of Energy, Nuclear Sciences and Technics, Rabat 10001, Morocco
| | - Meriem Khyatti
- Oncovirology Laboratory, Institut Pasteur du Maroc, 1, Place Louis Pasteur, Casablanca 20360, Morocco
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Pinkiewicz M, Dorobisz K, Zatoński T. Human Papillomavirus-Associated Head and Neck Cancers. Where are We Now? A Systematic Review. Cancer Manag Res 2022; 14:3313-3324. [PMID: 36465708 PMCID: PMC9709860 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s379173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human papillomavirus targets the skin and mucous membranes, producing benign hyperplastic lesions and precancerous and cancerous lesions. An increasing number of head and neck cancersin particular, oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma, laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma, and oral squamous cell carcinoma, are attributable to HPV infection. HPV-induced HNCs typically affect younger, nonsmoking patients with no prior history of heavy alcohol use, more extensive sexual history, and higher socioeconomic status. AIM The purpose of the review is to present the most recent and well-established findings concerning HPV-induced head and neck cancers and consequently to provide medical specialists with essential information regarding the epidemiology, the role of HPV in HNC cancerogenesis, prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. MATERIAL AND METHODS All authors independently have searched The EMbase, Medline/Pubmed, and Cochrane databases by using the following keywords "head and neck cancer", "human papillomavirus", "HPV", "HPV biology", "oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma", "carcinogenesis", "transoral surgery", "robotic surgery". The last search was conducted in March 2022. The references of the publications of interest were also screened for relevant papers. There were no limitations in regard to the publication date. CONCLUSION Aiming to avoid the epidemic of HPV-induced HNC, it is paramount to improve the access to vaccination as well as resolve parental concerns regarding vaccine safety. Physicians should rely on reduced-dose radiation and aim to reduce the overall treatment time. Thanks to a more elaborate understanding of the genomic background of HPV-induced HNC, precision medicine could become a relevant part of patients' management. In comparison to traditional techniques and non-operative treatment, transoral robotic surgery (TORS) offers similar oncologic and functional outcomes, with a possible benefit on long-term quality of life. However, more research is needed to establish clear guidelines indicating when TORS resections should be supported with adjuvant therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miłosz Pinkiewicz
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Karolina Dorobisz
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Tomasz Zatoński
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
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Morato NM, Brown HM, Garcia D, Middlebrooks EH, Jentoft M, Chaichana K, Quiñones-Hinojosa A, Cooks RG. High-throughput analysis of tissue microarrays using automated desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. Sci Rep 2022; 12:18851. [PMID: 36344609 PMCID: PMC9640715 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-22924-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue microarrays (TMAs) are commonly used for the rapid analysis of large numbers of tissue samples, often in morphological assessments but increasingly in spectroscopic analysis, where specific molecular markers are targeted via immunostaining. Here we report the use of an automated high-throughput system based on desorption electrospray ionization (DESI) mass spectrometry (MS) for the rapid generation and online analysis of high-density (6144 samples/array) TMAs, at rates better than 1 sample/second. Direct open-air analysis of tissue samples (hundreds of nanograms) not subjected to prior preparation, plus the ability to provide molecular characterization by tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS), make this experiment versatile and applicable to both targeted and untargeted analysis in a label-free manner. These capabilities are demonstrated in a proof-of-concept study of frozen brain tissue biopsies where we showcase (i) a targeted MS/MS application aimed at identification of isocitrate dehydrogenase mutation in glioma samples and (ii) an untargeted MS tissue type classification using lipid profiles and correlation with tumor cell percentage estimates from histopathology. The small sample sizes and large sample numbers accessible with this methodology make for a powerful analytical system that facilitates the identification of molecular markers for later use in intraoperative applications to guide precision surgeries and ultimately improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolás M. Morato
- grid.169077.e0000 0004 1937 2197Department of Chemistry, Purdue Center for Cancer Research, and Bindley Bioscience Center, Purdue University, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907 USA
| | - Hannah Marie Brown
- grid.169077.e0000 0004 1937 2197Department of Chemistry, Purdue Center for Cancer Research, and Bindley Bioscience Center, Purdue University, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907 USA ,grid.4367.60000 0001 2355 7002Present Address: Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO USA
| | - Diogo Garcia
- grid.417467.70000 0004 0443 9942Department of Neurosurgery, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL USA
| | - Erik H. Middlebrooks
- grid.417467.70000 0004 0443 9942Department of Neurosurgery, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL USA ,grid.417467.70000 0004 0443 9942Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL USA
| | - Mark Jentoft
- grid.417467.70000 0004 0443 9942Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL USA
| | - Kaisorn Chaichana
- grid.417467.70000 0004 0443 9942Department of Neurosurgery, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL USA
| | | | - R. Graham Cooks
- grid.169077.e0000 0004 1937 2197Department of Chemistry, Purdue Center for Cancer Research, and Bindley Bioscience Center, Purdue University, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907 USA
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Sequeira I, Pires MDA, Leitão J, Henriques J, Viegas C, Requicha J. Feline Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Critical Review of Etiologic Factors. Vet Sci 2022; 9:vetsci9100558. [PMID: 36288171 PMCID: PMC9609408 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci9100558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Feline oral squamous cell carcinoma (FOSCC) is the most common oral neoplasia in cats. This malignant tumor is locally invasive, has a high mortality rate, and its etiology is not yet known. A critical review about the potential etiologic factors of FOSCC was performed, considering publications between 2000 and 2022. The initial search resulted in 553 publications, with only 26 of these being included in the review. Sixteen studies were related to viral etiology and nine related to environmental factors such as exposure to tobacco smoke, ectoparasitic products, and the presence of oral comorbidities. When evaluated, feline papillomavirus was detected in 16.2% of samples of FOSCC. In the three studies focused on exposure to tobacco smoke, 35.2% (30/85) of cats with FOSCC had a history of this exposure. Among 485 cats with FOSCC, 6.4% had dental and oral pathology. The present study demonstrates that the available evidence on the etiology of FOSCC is still limited, however, there has been increasing interest in this topic. Abstract Feline oral squamous cell carcinoma (FOSCC) is the most common oral neoplasia in cats. This malignant tumor is locally invasive, has a high mortality rate, and its etiology is not yet known. In humans, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma is associated with tobacco smoke, alcohol consumption, and human papillomavirus infection. Herein, a critical review about the potential etiologic factors of FOSCC was performed, considering publications between 2000 and 2022, aiming to synthesize all available scientific evidence regarding this issue. Recommendations of the PRISMA statement and the Cochrane Collaboration were followed and the PubMed database searched by using the MeSH terms MeSH terms “oral”, “mouth”, “lingual”, “labial”, “gingiva”, “carcinoma”, “squamous”, and “feline”. The selection process for eligible studies was based on specific inclusion and exclusion criteria and the quality of the studies assessed. The initial search resulted in 553 publications, with only 26 of these being included in the review. Sixteen studies were related to viral etiology and nine related to environmental factors such as exposure to tobacco smoke, ectoparasitic products, and the presence of oral comorbidities. When evaluated, feline papillomavirus was detected in 16.2% of samples of FOSCC. In the three studies focused on exposure to tobacco smoke, 35.2% (30/85) of cats with FOSCC had a history of this exposure. The consumption of canned food and the use of deworming collars were associated, in only one publication, with a risk of neoplasia increased by 4.7 and 5.3 times, respectively. Among 485 cats with FOSCC, 6.4% had dental and oral pathology (i.e., periodontal disease or feline chronic gingivostomatitis). The present study demonstrates that the available evidence on the etiology of FOSCC is still limited, however, there has been an increasing interest on this topic. To better understand the role of the possible etiological factors of this aggressive disease, and model for its human counterpart, large, prospective multi-institutional studies are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inês Sequeira
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Maria dos Anjos Pires
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Animal and Veterinary Research Center (CECAV), University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences (AL4AnimalS), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - José Leitão
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Joaquim Henriques
- Oncology Service, Centre Hospitalière Vétérinaire Frégis, 94110 Arcueil, France
| | - Carlos Viegas
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Animal and Veterinary Research Center (CECAV), University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences (AL4AnimalS), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - João Requicha
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Animal and Veterinary Research Center (CECAV), University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences (AL4AnimalS), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +351-967-793-272
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Geng CX, Tanamal P, Arvisais-Anhalt S, Tomasino M, Gheit T, Bishop JA, Palsgrove DN, Wang E, Salley JR, Tibbetts KM, Sumer BD, Tillman BN, Day AT. Clinical and Biologic Characteristics and Outcomes in Young and Middle-Aged Patients With Laryngeal Cancer: A Retrospective Cohort Analysis. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2022; 167:688-698. [PMID: 35077266 DOI: 10.1177/01945998211073707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the clinical and biologic characteristics and outcomes of young and middle-aged (YMA; <65 years) patients according to the presence or absence of traditional risk factors for laryngeal cancer. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective cohort analysis. SETTING Single-institution academic medical center. METHODS Patients without a history of clinically significant tobacco use or heavy alcohol use were defined as "nontraditional": ≤5 pack-years, ≤5 years smoked, ≤14 alcoholic drinks per week, and ≥15-year interval from last tobacco abuse use to diagnosis. Remaining patients were categorized as "traditional." Select tumor samples were evaluated for bacterial and viral DNA by multiplex polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS Seventy-eight YMA patients with primary laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma were identified, 23% (n = 18) of whom were nontraditional. Nontraditional patients were younger than traditional patients (median age, 51 vs 59 years; P < .001). Twenty-eight tumors were prospectively tested for human papillomavirus (HPV), and nontraditional patients were more likely to exhibit high-risk HPV (57% vs 5%, P < .01). Among 17 select tumors (nontraditional, n = 8; traditional, n = 9), 35% exhibited HPV16 (nontraditional, 63%; traditional, 11%; P = .05). Other viruses were identified but did not differ according to risk status: herpesviruses (40%) and Merkel cell polyomavirus (7%). Chlamydia, β-HPV, and γ-HPV DNA was not detected in any samples. Median length of follow-up was 42 months. On adjusted analyses, nontraditional patients exhibited nonsignificantly improved overall survival (hazard ratio, 0.24 [95% CI, 0.03-1.82]; P = .17) and disease-free survival (hazard ratio, 0.34 [95% CI, 0.10-1.23]; P = .08) as compared with traditional patients. CONCLUSION Almost one-quarter of YMA patients lacked characteristic risk factors for laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma, and their tumors exhibited a higher prevalence of high-risk HPV. The significance of HPV16 and other tumor viruses with outcomes in nontraditional patients should be evaluated further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Calvin X Geng
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Priscilla Tanamal
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | | | | | - Tarik Gheit
- Infections and Cancer Biology Group, IARC, Lyon, France
| | - Justin A Bishop
- Department of Pathology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Doreen N Palsgrove
- Department of Pathology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Ellen Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Jordan R Salley
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Kathleen M Tibbetts
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Baran D Sumer
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Brittny N Tillman
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Andrew T Day
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
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10
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Role of Epstein-Barr Virus and Human Papilloma Virus in the Development of Oropharyngeal Cancer: A Literature Review. Int J Dent 2022; 2022:3191569. [PMID: 35769943 PMCID: PMC9236829 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3191569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this review was to describe the association and related mechanisms between HPV, EBV, and the development of oral and oropharyngeal cancer. A search for scientific evidence was carried out in electronic databases (MEDLINE/PubMed, SciELO). It was found that, among the carcinogenic mechanisms of HPV, E6 and E7 proteins are responsible for the malignization process, inhibiting tumor suppressors p53 and pRb. As to EBV, it was noted that its “hit and run” phenomenon manipulates the host epigenetic mechanism, triggering the tumor process without the virus being currently present; a “cellular reprogramming” is essentially generated, causing heritable changes in gene expression without DNA mutation. In conclusion, there is an association between oropharyngeal carcinogenesis and HPV and also between the former and EBV. Further studies are required to clarify the causal mechanisms and impact of both viruses on cancer development and to obtain biomarkers of greater specificity in the case of EBV.
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11
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Characterization of High-Risk HPV/EBV Co-Presence in Pre-Malignant Cervical Lesions and Squamous Cell Carcinomas. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10050888. [PMID: 35630333 PMCID: PMC9144326 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10050888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
High-risk human papillomaviruses (HR-HPVs) are the etiological agents of cervical cancer. However, a low proportion of HR-HPV-infected women finally develop this cancer, which suggests the involvement of additional cofactors. Epstein−Barr virus (EBV) has been detected in cervical squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) as well as in low- (LSIL) and high-grade (HSIL) squamous intraepithelial lesions, although its role is unknown. In this study, we characterized HR-HPV/EBV co-presence and viral gene expression in LSIL (n = 22), HSIL (n = 52), and SCC (n = 19) from Chilean women. Additionally, phenotypic changes were evaluated in cervical cancer cells ectopically expressing BamHI-A Rightward Frame 1 (BARF1). BARF1 is a lytic gene also expressed in EBV-positive epithelial tumors during the EBV latency program. HPV was detected in 6/22 (27.3%) LSIL, 38/52 (73.1%) HSIL, and 15/19 (78.9%) SCC cases (p < 0.001). On the other hand, EBV was detected in 16/22 (72.7%) LSIL, 27/52 (51.9%) HSIL, and 13/19 (68.4%) SCC cases (p = 0.177). HR-HPV/EBV co-presence was detected in 3/22 (13.6%) LSIL, 17/52 (32.7%) HSIL, and 11/19 (57.9%) SCC cases (p = 0.020). Additionally, BARF1 transcripts were detected in 37/55 (67.3%) of EBV positive cases and in 19/30 (63.3%) of HR-HPV/EBV positive cases. Increased proliferation, migration, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) was observed in cervical cancer cells expressing BARF1. Thus, both EBV and BARF1 transcripts are detected in low- and high-grade cervical lesions as well as in cervical carcinomas. In addition, BARF1 can modulate the tumor behavior in cervical cancer cells, suggesting a role in increasing tumor aggressiveness.
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12
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Rahman R, Gopinath D, Buajeeb W, Poomsawat S, Johnson NW. Potential Role of Epstein–Barr Virus in Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders and Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Scoping Review. Viruses 2022; 14:v14040801. [PMID: 35458531 PMCID: PMC9032208 DOI: 10.3390/v14040801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Though the oral cavity is anatomically proximate to the nasal cavity and acts as a key reservoir of EBV habitation and transmission, it is still unclear whether EBV plays a significant role in oral carcinogenesis. Many studies have detected EBV DNA in tissues and exfoliated cells from OSCC patients. However, very few studies have investigated the expression of functional EBV proteins implicated in its oncogenicity. The most studied are latent membrane protein 1 (LMP-1), a protein associated with the activation of signalling pathways; EBV determined nuclear antigen (EBNA)-1, a protein involved in the regulation of gene expression; and EBV-encoded small non-polyadenylated RNA (EBER)-2. LMP-1 is considered the major oncoprotein, and overexpression of LMP-1 observed in OSCC indicates that this molecule might play a significant role in oral carcinogenesis. Although numerous studies have detected EBV DNA and proteins from OSCC and oral potentially malignant disorders, heterogeneity in methodologies has led to discrepant results, hindering interpretation. Elucidating the exact functions of EBV and its proteins when expressed is vital in establishing the role of viruses in oral oncogenesis. This review summarises the current evidence on the potential role of EBV in oral oncogenesis and discusses the implications as well as recommendations for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rifat Rahman
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD 4222, Australia; (R.R.); (N.W.J.)
| | - Divya Gopinath
- Clinical Oral Health Sciences Division, School of Dentistry, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
- Correspondence:
| | - Waranun Buajeeb
- Department of Oral Medicine and Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand;
| | - Sopee Poomsawat
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand;
| | - Newell W. Johnson
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD 4222, Australia; (R.R.); (N.W.J.)
- Faculty of Dentistry, Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, King’s College London, London WC2R 2LS, UK
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13
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Insights into Nanomedicine for Head and Neck Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15062086. [PMID: 35329542 PMCID: PMC8951645 DOI: 10.3390/ma15062086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Head and neck cancers rank sixth among the most common cancers today, and the survival rate has remained virtually unchanged over the past 25 years, due to late diagnosis and ineffective treatments. They have two main risk factors, tobacco and alcohol, and human papillomavirus infection is a secondary risk factor. These cancers affect areas of the body that are fundamental for the five senses. Therefore, it is necessary to treat them effectively and non-invasively as early as possible, in order to do not compromise vital functions, which is not always possible with conventional treatments (chemotherapy or radiotherapy). In this sense, nanomedicine plays a key role in the treatment and diagnosis of head and neck cancers. Nanomedicine involves using nanocarriers to deliver drugs to sites of action and reducing the necessary doses and possible side effects. The main purpose of this review is to give an overview of the applications of nanocarrier systems to the diagnosis and treatment of head and neck cancer. Herein, several types of delivery strategies, radiation enhancement, inside-out hyperthermia, and theragnostic approaches are addressed.
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14
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Gholap D, Mhatre S, Chaturvedi P, Nair S, Gheit T, Tommasino M, Dikshit R. Prevalence of human papillomavirus types in head and neck cancer sub-sites in the Indian population. Ecancermedicalscience 2022; 16:1358. [PMID: 35510141 PMCID: PMC9023304 DOI: 10.3332/ecancer.2022.1358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Although a subset of head and neck cancers (HNC) has been associated worldwide with mucosal high-risk human papillomaviruses (HPV), information on the prevalence of HPV-positive HNC in India is limited. In this study, we examined the prevalence of 21 subtypes of HPV in sub-sites of HNC (n = 175) in the western region of India. Type-specific multiplex genotyping assay was conducted at the Centre for Cancer Epidemiology, Tata Memorial Centre, to determine the prevalence of HPV subtypes. The HPV prevalence was observed to be 28.43%, 41.67%, 38.89% and 15.79% in the oral cavity, oropharynx, hypopharynx and larynx tumour tissues, respectively. The HPV 16 genotype was most common in all HNC tumour tissues (30.29%), followed by HPV 58 (0.57%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Devyani Gholap
- Centre for Cancer Epidemiology, Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai 410210, India
- https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6406-4562
| | - Sharayu Mhatre
- Centre for Cancer Epidemiology, Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai 410210, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - Pankaj Chaturvedi
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai 400094, India
- Head and Neck Oncology, Department of Surgical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai 400012, India
| | - Sudhir Nair
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai 400094, India
- Head and Neck Oncology, Department of Surgical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai 400012, India
| | - Tarik Gheit
- Infections and Cancer Biology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon, CEDEX 08, France
| | - Massimo Tommasino
- Infections and Cancer Biology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon, CEDEX 08, France
| | - Rajesh Dikshit
- Centre for Cancer Epidemiology, Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai 410210, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai 400094, India
- https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4830-0486
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15
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Hotoboc IE, Fudulu A, Grigore R, Bertesteanu S, Huica I, Iancu IV, Botezatu A, Bleotu C, Anton G. The association between lncRNA H19 and EZH2 expression in patients with EBV-positive laryngeal carcinoma. ACTA OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGICA ITALICA 2021; 41:537-543. [PMID: 34825669 PMCID: PMC8686793 DOI: 10.14639/0392-100x-n1527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Objective Materials and methods Results Conclusions
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16
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Blanco R, Carrillo-Beltrán D, Corvalán AH, Aguayo F. High-Risk Human Papillomavirus and Epstein-Barr Virus Coinfection: A Potential Role in Head and Neck Carcinogenesis. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10121232. [PMID: 34943147 PMCID: PMC8698839 DOI: 10.3390/biology10121232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary A subset of carcinomas that arise in the head and neck region show a viral etiology. In fact, a subgroup of oropharyngeal cancers are caused by some types of human papillomavirus (HPV), so-called high-risk (HR)-HPVs, whereas undifferentiated nasopharyngeal carcinomas are etiologically related to Epstein–Barr virus (EBV). However, studies have reported the presence of both HR-HPV and EBV in some types of head and neck cancers. In this review, we discuss the potential contribution and role of HR-HPV/EBV coinfection in head and neck carcinogenesis, as well as the mechanisms that are potentially involved. In addition, HR-HPV/EBV interaction models are proposed. Abstract High-risk human papillomaviruses (HR-HPVs) and Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) are recognized oncogenic viruses involved in the development of a subset of head and neck cancers (HNCs). HR-HPVs are etiologically associated with a subset of oropharyngeal carcinomas (OPCs), whereas EBV is a recognized etiological agent of undifferentiated nasopharyngeal carcinomas (NPCs). In this review, we address epidemiological and mechanistic evidence regarding a potential cooperation between HR-HPV and EBV for HNC development. Considering that: (1) both HR-HPV and EBV infections require cofactors for carcinogenesis; and (2) both oropharyngeal and oral epithelium can be directly exposed to carcinogens, such as alcohol or tobacco smoke, we hypothesize possible interaction mechanisms. The epidemiological and experimental evidence suggests that HR-HPV/EBV cooperation for developing a subset of HNCs is plausible and warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rancés Blanco
- Programa de Virología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICBM), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380000, Chile; (R.B.); (D.C.-B.)
| | - Diego Carrillo-Beltrán
- Programa de Virología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICBM), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380000, Chile; (R.B.); (D.C.-B.)
| | - Alejandro H. Corvalán
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8320000, Chile;
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17
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Gupta I, Ulamec M, Peric-Balja M, Ramic S, Al Moustafa AE, Vranic S, Al-Farsi HF. Presence of high-risk HPVs, EBV, and MMTV in human triple-negative breast cancer. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2021; 17:4457-4466. [PMID: 34623225 PMCID: PMC8828071 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2021.1975452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer, the most frequent disease amongst women worldwide, accounts for the highest cancer-related mortality rate. Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) subtype encompasses ~15% of all breast cancers and lack estrogen, progesterone, and HER2 receptors. Although risk factors for breast cancer are well-known, factors underpinning breast cancer onset and progression remain unknown. Recent studies suggest the plausible role of oncoviruses including human papillomaviruses (HPVs), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), and mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV) in breast cancer pathogenesis. However, the role of these oncoviruses in TNBC is still unclear. In the current study, we explored the status of high-risk HPVs, EBV, and MMTV in a well-defined TNBC cohort from Croatia in comparison to 16 normal/non TNBC samples (controls) using polymerase chain reaction assay. We found high-risk HPVs and EBV present in 37/70 (53%) and 25/70 (36%) of the cases, respectively. The most common HPV types are 52, 45, 31, 58 and 68. We found 16% of the samples positive for co-presence of high-risk HPVs and EBV. Moreover, our data revealed that 5/70 (7%) samples are positive for MMTV. In addition, only 2/70 (3%) samples had co-presence of HPVs, EBV, and MMTV without any significant association with the clinicopathological variables. While, 6/16 (37.5%) controls were positive for HPV (p = .4), EBV was absent in all controls (0/16, 0%) (p = .01). In addition, we did not find the co-presence of the oncoviruses in the controls (p > .05). Nevertheless, further investigations are essential to understand the underlying mechanisms of multiple-oncogenic viruses' interaction in breast carcinogenesis, especially TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishita Gupta
- College of Medicine, Qu Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
- Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research Unit, Qu Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
- Biomedical Research Center, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Monika Ulamec
- College of Medicine, Qu Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
- Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research Unit, Qu Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
- Ljudevit Jurak Clinical Department of Pathology and Cytology, Sestre Milosrdnice University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia
- Department of Pathology and Scientific Group for Research on Epigenetic Biomarkers, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Melita Peric-Balja
- College of Medicine, Qu Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
- Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research Unit, Qu Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
- Oncological Pathology Department, Ljudevit Jurak Clinical Department of Pathology and Cytology, Sestre Milosrdnice University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Snjezana Ramic
- College of Medicine, Qu Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
- Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research Unit, Qu Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
- Oncological Pathology Department, Ljudevit Jurak Clinical Department of Pathology and Cytology, Sestre Milosrdnice University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ala-Eddin Al Moustafa
- College of Medicine, Qu Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
- Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research Unit, Qu Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
- Biomedical Research Center, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
- CONTACT Ala-Eddin Al Moustafa College of Medicine, Qu Health, Qatar University, PO Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Semir Vranic
- College of Medicine, Qu Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
- Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research Unit, Qu Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Halema F. Al-Farsi
- College of Medicine, Qu Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
- Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research Unit, Qu Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
- Halema F. Al-Farsi College of Medicine, Qu Health, Qatar University, PO Box2713, Doha, Qatar
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18
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Copresence of High-Risk Human Papillomaviruses and Epstein-Barr Virus in Colorectal Cancer: A Tissue Microarray and Molecular Study from Lebanon. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22158118. [PMID: 34360884 PMCID: PMC8347509 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22158118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) have been reported to be present in different types of human cancers, including CRCs, where they can play a key role in the onset and/or progression of these cancers. Thus, we herein explored the prevalence of high-risk HPVs and EBV in a cohort of 94 CRC tissue samples and 13 colorectal normal tissues from the Lebanese population using polymerase chain reaction, immunohistochemistry, and tissue microarray methodologies. We found that high-risk HPVs are present in 64%, while EBV is present in 29% of our CRC samples. Additionally, our data showed that high-risk HPV types (16, 18, 35, 58, 51, 45, 52, 31, and 33) are the most frequent in CRC in the Lebanese cohort, respectively. Our data point out that HPVs and EBV are copresent in 28% of the samples. Thus, this study clearly suggests that high-risk HPVs and EBV are present/copresent in CRCs, where they could play an important role in colorectal carcinogenesis. Nevertheless, further investigations using a larger cohort are needed to elucidate the possible cooperation between these oncoviruses in the development of CRC.
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19
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Nagi K, Gupta I, Jurdi N, Jabeen A, Yasmeen A, Batist G, Vranic S, Al-Moustafa AE. High-risk human papillomaviruses and Epstein-Barr virus in breast cancer in Lebanese women and their association with tumor grade: a molecular and tissue microarray study. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:308. [PMID: 34112166 PMCID: PMC8194154 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-02009-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background High-risk human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are present and can cooperate with Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) to initiate and/or enhance the progression of several types of human carcinomas including cervical as well as head and neck; in parallel, it has been recently pointed out that these oncoviruses can be detected in human breast cancers. Thus, we herein explored the presence/co-presence of high-risk HPVs and EBV in breast cancer in Lebanese women. Methods A cohort of 102 breast cancer samples and 14 normal breast tissues were assessed for the presence of HPVs and EBV. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) analysis in addition to tissue microarray (TMA) platform were used in this study. Results We found the presence of HPV in 66/102 (65%) of our samples, while EBV is present in 41/102 (40%) of the cohort. Additionally, our data showed that high-risk HPV types (52, 35, 58, 45, 16 and 51) are the most frequent in breast cancer in Lebanese women. Meanwhile, we report that high-risk HPVs and EBV are co-present in 30/102 (29%) of the samples; more significantly, our results indicate that their co-presence is associated with tumor grade (p = 0.03). Conclusion Our data revealed that HPVs and EBV are present/co-present in human breast cancer where they may play an important role in its development and/or progression; thus, we believe that further investigations are essential to confirm and elucidate the presence/co-presence of these oncoviruses and the underlying mechanisms of their interaction in breast carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karim Nagi
- College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, PO Box 2713, Doha, Qatar. .,Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research Unit, QU Health, Qatar University, PO Box 2713, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Ishita Gupta
- College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, PO Box 2713, Doha, Qatar.,Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research Unit, QU Health, Qatar University, PO Box 2713, Doha, Qatar.,Biomedical Research Centre, QU Health, Qatar University, PO Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Nawaf Jurdi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ayesha Jabeen
- College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, PO Box 2713, Doha, Qatar.,Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research Unit, QU Health, Qatar University, PO Box 2713, Doha, Qatar.,Biomedical Research Centre, QU Health, Qatar University, PO Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Amber Yasmeen
- Segal Cancer Centre, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research/JGH, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3A 0G4, Canada
| | - Gerald Batist
- Segal Cancer Centre, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research/JGH, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3A 0G4, Canada.,Oncology Department, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3A 0G4, Canada
| | - Semir Vranic
- College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, PO Box 2713, Doha, Qatar.,Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research Unit, QU Health, Qatar University, PO Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ala-Eddin Al-Moustafa
- College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, PO Box 2713, Doha, Qatar. .,Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research Unit, QU Health, Qatar University, PO Box 2713, Doha, Qatar. .,Biomedical Research Centre, QU Health, Qatar University, PO Box 2713, Doha, Qatar.
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20
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Gupta I, Jabeen A, Vranic S, Al Moustafa AE, Al-Thawadi H. Oncoproteins of High-Risk HPV and EBV Cooperate to Enhance Cell Motility and Invasion of Human Breast Cancer Cells via Erk1/Erk2 and β-Catenin Signaling Pathways. Front Oncol 2021; 11:630408. [PMID: 33777781 PMCID: PMC7994530 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.630408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is a leading cause of death in women around the world. Most breast cancer-related deaths are a result of complications from the metastatic spread. Several recent studies reported that high-risk human papillomaviruses (HPVs) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) are co-presented in different types of human carcinomas including breast; however, the cooperative effects between high-risk HPVs and EBV oncoproteins in human breast cancer have not been investigated yet. Thus, we herein explored the cooperation outcome between E6/E7 and latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1) oncoproteins of high-risk HPV type 16 and EBV, respectively, in two human breast cancer cell lines, MCF7 and MDA-MB-231. Our data revealed that the cooperation of E6/E7 and LMP1 oncoproteins stimulates cell proliferation and deregulates cell cycle progression of human breast cancer and normal mammary cells; in parallel, we noted that E6/E7/LMP1 incite colony formation of both breast cancer cell lines but not normal cells. More significantly, our results point out that the co-expression of E6/E7 and LMP1 oncoproteins enhances cell motility and invasion of MCF7 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines; this is accompanied by deregulation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition biomarkers including E-cadherin, β-catenin, fascin, and vimentin. The molecular pathway analysis of HPV and EBV oncoproteins cooperation shows that it can enhance the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases (Erk1/Erk2) in addition to β-catenin, which could be behind the effect of this cooperation in our cell models. The study clearly suggests that high-risk HPV and EBV coinfection can play an important role in breast cancer progression via Erk1/Erk2 and β-catenin signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishita Gupta
- College of Medicine, Qatar University Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
- Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research Unit, Qatar University Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
- Biomedical Research Centre, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ayesha Jabeen
- College of Medicine, Qatar University Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
- Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research Unit, Qatar University Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
- Biomedical Research Centre, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Semir Vranic
- College of Medicine, Qatar University Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
- Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research Unit, Qatar University Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ala-Eddin Al Moustafa
- College of Medicine, Qatar University Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
- Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research Unit, Qatar University Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
- Biomedical Research Centre, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Hamda Al-Thawadi
- College of Medicine, Qatar University Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
- Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research Unit, Qatar University Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
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21
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Lopez LR, Bleich RM, Arthur JC. Microbiota Effects on Carcinogenesis: Initiation, Promotion, and Progression. Annu Rev Med 2020; 72:243-261. [PMID: 33052764 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-med-080719-091604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Carcinogenesis is a multistep process by which normal cells acquire genetic and epigenetic changes that result in cancer. In combination with host genetic susceptibility and environmental exposures, a prominent procarcinogenic role for the microbiota has recently emerged. In colorectal cancer (CRC), three nefarious microbes have been consistently linked to cancer development: (a) Colibactin-producing Escherichia coli initiates carcinogenic DNA damage, (b) enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis promotes tumorigenesis via toxin-induced cell proliferation and tumor-promoting inflammation, and (c) Fusobacterium nucleatum enhances CRC progression through two adhesins, Fap2 and FadA, that promote proliferation and antitumor immune evasion and may contribute to metastases. Herein, we use these three prominent microbes to discuss the experimental evidence linking microbial activities to carcinogenesis and the specific mechanisms driving this stepwise process. Precisely defining mechanisms by which the microbiota impacts carcinogenesis at each stage is essential for developing microbiota-targeted strategies for the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lacey R Lopez
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA; ,
| | - Rachel M Bleich
- Department of Biology, Appalachian State University, Boone, North Carolina 28608, USA;
| | - Janelle C Arthur
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA; , .,Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA.,Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, The University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
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22
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Gupta I, Jabeen A, Al-Sarraf R, Farghaly H, Vranic S, Sultan AA, Al Moustafa AE, Al-Thawadi H. The co-presence of high-risk human papillomaviruses and Epstein-Barr virus is linked with tumor grade and stage in Qatari women with breast cancer. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2020; 17:982-989. [PMID: 33006291 PMCID: PMC8018460 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2020.1802977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
High-risk human papillomaviruses (HPV) can be present and cooperate with Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) to promote the onset and/or progression of various cancers including cervical, breast, head and neck as well as colorectal. In this investigation, we explored the co-prevalence of high-risk HPV and EBV in 74 breast cancer tissues from Qatari women using polymerase chain reaction. We found that high-risk HPV and EBV are present in 48/74 (65%) and 36/74 (49%) of the cases, respectively. While we noted that the presence of HPV presence is associated with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) (p = .008), however, the presence of EBV did not correlate with any breast cancer subgroup. Moreover, our data revealed that high-risk HPV and EBV are co-present in 35/74 (47%) of the samples and their co-presence is significantly associated with tumor grade (p = .04) and tumor stage (p = .04). These data indicate that HPV and EBV are commonly co-present in breast cancer and their association could be linked with a more aggressive tumor phenotype. Thus, further investigations are essential to understand the underlying mechanisms of HPV and EBV cooperation in breast carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishita Gupta
- College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.,Biomedical Research Centre, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ayesha Jabeen
- College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.,Biomedical Research Centre, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Reem Al-Sarraf
- Department of Pathology, Hamad General Hospital, Doha, Qatar
| | - Hanan Farghaly
- Department of Pathology, Hamad General Hospital, Doha, Qatar
| | - Semir Vranic
- College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ali A Sultan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine - Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ala-Eddin Al Moustafa
- College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.,Biomedical Research Centre, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
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23
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Gupta I, Al Farsi H, Jabeen A, Skenderi F, Al-Thawadi H, AlAhmad YM, Abdelhafez I, Al Moustafa AE, Vranic S. High-Risk Human Papillomaviruses and Epstein-Barr Virus in Colorectal Cancer and Their Association with Clinicopathological Status. Pathogens 2020; 9:E452. [PMID: 32521661 PMCID: PMC7350373 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens9060452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common malignancy with a high mortality rate worldwide. It is a complex, multifactorial disease that is strongly impacted by both hereditary and environmental factors. The role of microbes (e.g., viruses) in the pathogenesis of CRC is poorly understood. In the current study, we explored the status of high-risk human papillomaviruses (HPV) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in a well-defined CRC cohort using immunohistochemistry and polymerase chain reaction assays. Our data showed that high-risk HPVs were common (~80%) and EBV had a low presence (14-25%) in the CRC samples. The most common high-risk HPVs are HPV16, 31, 18, 51, 52 and 45 genotypes. The co-presence of high-risk HPV and EBV was observed in ~16% of the sample population without any significant association with the clinicopathological variables. We conclude that high-risk HPVs are very prevalent in CRC samples while EBV positivity is relatively low. The co-expression of the two viruses was observed in a minority of cases and without any correlation with the studied parameters. Further studies are necessary to confirm the clinical relevance and potential therapeutic (preventive) effects of the observations reported herein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishita Gupta
- College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, 2713 Doha, Qatar; (I.G.); (H.A.F.); (A.J.); (H.A.-T.); (Y.M.A.); (I.A.)
| | - Halema Al Farsi
- College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, 2713 Doha, Qatar; (I.G.); (H.A.F.); (A.J.); (H.A.-T.); (Y.M.A.); (I.A.)
| | - Ayesha Jabeen
- College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, 2713 Doha, Qatar; (I.G.); (H.A.F.); (A.J.); (H.A.-T.); (Y.M.A.); (I.A.)
| | - Faruk Skenderi
- Department of Pathology, Clinical Center, University of Sarajevo, 71000 Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina;
| | - Hamda Al-Thawadi
- College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, 2713 Doha, Qatar; (I.G.); (H.A.F.); (A.J.); (H.A.-T.); (Y.M.A.); (I.A.)
| | - Yaman M. AlAhmad
- College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, 2713 Doha, Qatar; (I.G.); (H.A.F.); (A.J.); (H.A.-T.); (Y.M.A.); (I.A.)
| | - Ibrahim Abdelhafez
- College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, 2713 Doha, Qatar; (I.G.); (H.A.F.); (A.J.); (H.A.-T.); (Y.M.A.); (I.A.)
| | - Ala-Eddin Al Moustafa
- College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, 2713 Doha, Qatar; (I.G.); (H.A.F.); (A.J.); (H.A.-T.); (Y.M.A.); (I.A.)
- Biomedical Research Centre, Qatar University, 2713 Doha, Qatar
| | - Semir Vranic
- College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, 2713 Doha, Qatar; (I.G.); (H.A.F.); (A.J.); (H.A.-T.); (Y.M.A.); (I.A.)
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