1
|
Green PG, Levine JD. A novel anti-pruritic: Topical co-administration of high molecular weight hyaluronan (HMWH) with protamine, a transdermal transport enhancer. Mol Pain 2024; 20:17448069241254455. [PMID: 38728068 PMCID: PMC11088296 DOI: 10.1177/17448069241254455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Pruritis, the sensation of itch, is produced by multiple substances, exogenous and endogenous, that sensitizes specialized sensory neurons (pruriceptors and pruri-nociceptors). Unfortunately, many patients with acute and chronic pruritis obtain only partial relief when treated with currently available treatment modalities. We recently demonstrated that the topical application of high molecular weight hyaluronan (HMWH), when combined with vehicles containing transdermal transport enhancers, produce potent long-lasting reversal of nociceptor sensitization associated with inflammatory and neuropathic pain. In the present experiments we tested the hypothesis that the topical formulation of HMWH with protamine, a transdermal transport enhancer, can also attenuate pruritis. We report that this topical formulation of HMWH markedly attenuates scratching behavior at the nape of the neck induced by serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT), in male and female rats. Our results support the hypothesis that topical HMWH in a transdermal transport enhancer vehicle is a strong anti-pruritic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paul G Green
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, and UCSF Pain and Addiction Research Center, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Preventative & Restorative Dental Sciences, and Division of Neuroscience, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jon D Levine
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, and UCSF Pain and Addiction Research Center, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, and Division of Neuroscience, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sermet S, Li J, Bach A, Crawford RB, Kaminski NE. Cannabidiol selectively modulates interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6 production in toll-like receptor activated human peripheral blood monocytes. Toxicology 2021; 464:153016. [PMID: 34740670 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2021.153016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cannabidiol (CBD) is a major non-euphoric cannabis-derived compound that has become popular in its over-the-counter use. CBD possesses low affinity for cannabinoid receptors, while the primary molecular target(s) by which it mediates biological activity remain poorly defined. Individuals commonly self-medicate using CBD products with little knowledge of its specific immunopharmacological effects on the human immune system; however, research has established primarily in rodent models that CBD possesses immune modulating properties. The objective of this study was to evaluate whether CBD modulates the innate immune response by human primary monocytes activated through toll-like receptors (TLR) 1-9. Monocytes were activated through each TLR and treated with CBD (0.5-10 μM) for 22 h. Monocyte secretion profiles for 13 immune mediators were quantified including: IL-4, IL-2, IP-10, IL-1β, TNFα, MCP-1, IL-17a, IL-6, IL-10, IFNγ, IL-12p70, IL-8, and TGF-β1. CBD treatment significantly suppressed secretion of proinflammatory cytokine IL-1β by monocytes activated through most TLRs, apart from TLRs 3 and 8. Additionally, CBD treatment induced significant modulation of IL-6 production by monocytes activated through most TLRs, except for TLRs 1 and 3. Most other monocyte-derived factors assayed were refractory to CBD modulation. Overall, CBD selectively altered monocyte-derived IL-1β and IL-6 when activated through most TLRs. This study is of particular importance as it provides a direct and comprehensive assessment of the effects of CBD on TLR-activated primary human monocytes at a time when CBD containing products are being widely used by the public.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sera Sermet
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, United States; Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, United States
| | - Jinpeng Li
- Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, United States; Center for Research on Ingredient Safety, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, United States
| | - Anthony Bach
- Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, United States; Center for Research on Ingredient Safety, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, United States
| | - Robert B Crawford
- Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, United States
| | - Norbert E Kaminski
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, United States; Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, United States; Center for Research on Ingredient Safety, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Melnikov M, Sviridova A, Rogovskii V, Oleskin A, Boziki M, Bakirtzis C, Kesidou E, Grigoriadis N, Boykо A. Serotoninergic system targeting in multiple sclerosis: the prospective for pathogenetic therapy. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2021; 51:102888. [PMID: 33756440 DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2021.102888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine) (5-HT) is a neurotransmitter, which mediates neuropsychological functions of the central nervous system (CNS). Recent studies have shown the modulatory effect of 5-HT on gut microbiota functions, which play an essential role in developing CNS inflammatory diseases. Finally, 5-HT is a direct mediator of neuroimmune interaction. The article reviews the literature data on the role of 5-HT in the regulation of neuroinflammation in multiple sclerosis (MS). The influence of 5-HT and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) on experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) and MS pathogenesis, as well as the therapeutic potential of serotoninergic drugs as a pathogenetic therapy of MS, are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail Melnikov
- Department of Neuroimmunology, Federal Center of Brain research and Neurotechnology of the Federal Medical-Biological Agency of Russia; Department of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Medical Genetics and Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Radiobiology, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia; Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, National Research Center Institute of Immunology of the Federal Medical-Biological Agency of Russia, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Anastasiya Sviridova
- Department of Neuroimmunology, Federal Center of Brain research and Neurotechnology of the Federal Medical-Biological Agency of Russia; Department of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Medical Genetics and Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Radiobiology, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vladimir Rogovskii
- Department of Neuroimmunology, Federal Center of Brain research and Neurotechnology of the Federal Medical-Biological Agency of Russia; Department of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Medical Genetics and Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Radiobiology, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander Oleskin
- General Ecology and Hydrobiology Department, School of Biology, Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Marina Boziki
- 2nd Neurological University Department, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, AHEPA General Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Christos Bakirtzis
- 2nd Neurological University Department, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, AHEPA General Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Evangelia Kesidou
- 2nd Neurological University Department, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, AHEPA General Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Grigoriadis
- 2nd Neurological University Department, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, AHEPA General Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Alexey Boykо
- Department of Neuroimmunology, Federal Center of Brain research and Neurotechnology of the Federal Medical-Biological Agency of Russia; Department of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Medical Genetics and Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Radiobiology, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wang Q, Zhou Y, Huang J, Huang N. Structure, Function, and Pharmaceutical Ligands of 5-Hydroxytryptamine 2B Receptor. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:76. [PMID: 33498477 PMCID: PMC7909583 DOI: 10.3390/ph14020076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the first characterization of the 5-hydroxytryptamine 2B receptor (5-HT2BR) in 1992, significant progress has been made in 5-HT2BR research. Herein, we summarize the biological function, structure, and small-molecule pharmaceutical ligands of the 5-HT2BR. Emerging evidence has suggested that the 5-HT2BR is implicated in the regulation of the cardiovascular system, fibrosis disorders, cancer, the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, and the nervous system. Eight crystal complex structures of the 5-HT2BR bound with different ligands provided great insights into ligand recognition, activation mechanism, and biased signaling. Numerous 5-HT2BR antagonists have been discovered and developed, and several of them have advanced to clinical trials. It is expected that the novel 5-HT2BR antagonists with high potency and selectivity will lead to the development of first-in-class drugs in various therapeutic areas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qing Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (Q.W.); (J.H.)
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, No. 7 Science Park Road, Zhongguancun Life Science Park, Beijing 102206, China;
| | - Yu Zhou
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, No. 7 Science Park Road, Zhongguancun Life Science Park, Beijing 102206, China;
| | - Jianhui Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (Q.W.); (J.H.)
| | - Niu Huang
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, No. 7 Science Park Road, Zhongguancun Life Science Park, Beijing 102206, China;
- Tsinghua Institute of Multidisciplinary Biomedical Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing 102206, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Löfdahl A, Tornling G, Wigén J, Larsson-Callerfelt AK, Wenglén C, Westergren-Thorsson G. Pathological Insight into 5-HT 2B Receptor Activation in Fibrosing Interstitial Lung Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 22:ijms22010225. [PMID: 33379351 PMCID: PMC7796180 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22010225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Interstitial lung disease (ILD) encompasses a heterogeneous group of more than 200 conditions, of which primarily idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), idiopathic nonspecific interstitial pneumonia, hypersensitivity pneumonitis, ILD associated with autoimmune diseases and sarcoidosis may present a progressive fibrosing (PF) phenotype. Despite different aetiology and histopathological patterns, the PF-ILDs have similarities regarding disease mechanisms with self-sustaining fibrosis, which suggests that the diseases may share common pathogenetic pathways. Previous studies show an enhanced activation of serotonergic signaling in pulmonary fibrosis, and the serotonin (5-HT)2 receptors have been implicated to have important roles in observed profibrotic actions. Our research findings in support by others, demonstrate antifibrotic effects with 5-HT2B receptor antagonists, alleviating several key events common for the fibrotic diseases such as myofibroblast differentiation and connective tissue deposition. In this review, we will address the potential role of 5-HT and in particular the 5-HT2B receptors in three PF-ILDs: ILD associated with systemic sclerosis (SSc-ILD), ILD associated with rheumatoid arthritis (RA-ILD) and IPF. Highlighting the converging pathways in these diseases discloses the 5-HT2B receptor as a potential disease target for PF-ILDs, which today have an urgent unmet need for therapeutic strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Löfdahl
- Lung Biology, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, BMC C12, 22184 Lund, Sweden; (J.W.); (A.-K.L.-C.); (G.W.-T.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Göran Tornling
- AnaMar AB, Medicon Village, Scheeletorget 1, 22381 Lund, Sweden; (C.W.); (G.T.)
- Respiratory Medicine Division, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jenny Wigén
- Lung Biology, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, BMC C12, 22184 Lund, Sweden; (J.W.); (A.-K.L.-C.); (G.W.-T.)
| | - Anna-Karin Larsson-Callerfelt
- Lung Biology, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, BMC C12, 22184 Lund, Sweden; (J.W.); (A.-K.L.-C.); (G.W.-T.)
| | - Christina Wenglén
- AnaMar AB, Medicon Village, Scheeletorget 1, 22381 Lund, Sweden; (C.W.); (G.T.)
| | - Gunilla Westergren-Thorsson
- Lung Biology, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, BMC C12, 22184 Lund, Sweden; (J.W.); (A.-K.L.-C.); (G.W.-T.)
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Nieto C, Rayo I, de Las Casas-Engel M, Izquierdo E, Alonso B, Béchade C, Maroteaux L, Vega MA, Corbí ÁL. Serotonin (5-HT) Shapes the Macrophage Gene Profile through the 5-HT 2B-Dependent Activation of the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 204:2808-2817. [PMID: 32253244 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1901531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Macrophages can either promote or resolve inflammatory responses, and their polarization state is modulated by peripheral serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine [5-HT]). In fact, pro- and anti-inflammatory macrophages differ in the expression of serotonin receptors, with 5-HT2B and 5-HT7 expression restricted to M-CSF-primed monocyte-derived macrophages (M-MØ). 5-HT7 drives the acquisition of profibrotic and anti-inflammatory functions in M-MØ, whereas 5-HT2B prevents the degeneration of spinal cord mononuclear phagocytes and modulates motility of murine microglial processes. Because 5-HT2B mediates clinically relevant 5-HT-related pathologies (valvular heart disease, pulmonary arterial hypertension) and is an off target of anesthetics, antiparkinsonian drugs, and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, we sought to determine the transcriptional consequences of 5-HT2B engagement in human macrophages, for which 5-HT2B signaling remains unknown. Assessment of the effects of specific agonists and antagonist revealed that 5-HT2B engagement modifies the cytokine and gene signature of anti-inflammatory M-MØ, upregulates the expression of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) target genes, and stimulates the transcriptional activation of AhR. Moreover, we found that 5-HT dose dependently upregulates the expression of AhR target genes in M-MØ and that the 5-HT-mediated activation of AhR is 5-HT2B dependent because it is abrogated by the 5-HT2B-specific antagonist SB204741. Altogether, our results demonstrate the existence of a functional 5-HT/5-HT2B/AhR axis in human macrophages and indicate that 5-HT potentiates the activity of a transcription factor (AhR) that regulates immune responses and the biological responses to xenobiotics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Concha Nieto
- Laboratorio de Células Mieloides, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Ignacio Rayo
- Laboratorio de Células Mieloides, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Mateo de Las Casas-Engel
- Laboratorio de Células Mieloides, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena Izquierdo
- Laboratorio de Células Mieloides, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Bárbara Alonso
- Laboratorio de Células Mieloides, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Catherine Béchade
- INSERM UMR-S839, 75005 Paris, France.,Sorbonne University and UPMC University Paris, 75005 Paris, France; and.,Institut du Fer à Moulin, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Luc Maroteaux
- INSERM UMR-S839, 75005 Paris, France.,Sorbonne University and UPMC University Paris, 75005 Paris, France; and.,Institut du Fer à Moulin, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Miguel A Vega
- Laboratorio de Células Mieloides, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ángel L Corbí
- Laboratorio de Células Mieloides, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Kyritsi K, Chen L, O’Brien A, Francis H, Hein TW, Venter J, Wu N, Ceci L, Zhou T, Zawieja D, Gashev AA, Meng F, Invernizzi P, Fabris L, Wu C, Skill NJ, Saxena R, Liangpunsakul S, Alpini G, Glaser SS. Modulation of the Tryptophan Hydroxylase 1/Monoamine Oxidase-A/5-Hydroxytryptamine/5-Hydroxytryptamine Receptor 2A/2B/2C Axis Regulates Biliary Proliferation and Liver Fibrosis During Cholestasis. Hepatology 2020; 71:990-1008. [PMID: 31344280 PMCID: PMC6993623 DOI: 10.1002/hep.30880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Serotonin (5HT) is a neuroendocrine hormone synthetized in the central nervous system (CNS) as well as enterochromaffin cells of the gastrointestinal tract. Tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH1) and monoamine oxidase (MAO-A) are the key enzymes for the synthesis and catabolism of 5HT, respectively. Previous studies demonstrated that 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor (5HTR)1A/1B receptor agonists inhibit biliary hyperplasia in bile-duct ligated (BDL) rats, whereas 5HTR2B receptor antagonists attenuate liver fibrosis (LF) in mice. Our aim was to evaluate the role of 5HTR2A/2B/2C agonists/antagonists in cholestatic models. APPROACH AND RESULTS While in vivo studies were performed in BDL rats and the multidrug resistance gene 2 knockout (Mdr2-/- ) mouse model of PSC, in vitro studies were performed in cell lines of cholangiocytes and hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). 5HTR2A/2B/2C and MAO-A/TPH1 are expressed in cholangiocytes and HSCs from BDL rats and Mdr2-/- - mice. Ductular reaction, LF, as well as the mRNA expression of proinflammatory genes increased in normal, BDL rats, and Mdr2-/- - mice following treatment 5HTR2A/2B/2C agonists, but decreased when BDL rats and Mdr2-/- mice were treated with 5HTR2A/2B/2C antagonists compared to BDL rats and Mdr2-/- mice, respectively. 5HT levels increase in Mdr2-/- mice and in PSC human patients compared to their controls and decrease in serum of Mdr2-/- mice treated with 5HTR2A/2B/2C antagonists compared to untreated Mdr2-/- mice. In vitro, cell lines of murine cholangiocytes and human HSCs express 5HTR2A/2B/2C and MAO-A/TPH1; treatment of these cell lines with 5HTR2A/2B/2C antagonists or TPH1 inhibitor decreased 5HT levels as well as expression of fibrosis and inflammation genes compared to controls. CONCLUSIONS Modulation of the TPH1/MAO-A/5HT/5HTR2A/2B/2C axis may represent a therapeutic approach for management of cholangiopathies, including PSC.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B/physiology
- Animals
- Bile Ducts/pathology
- Cell Proliferation
- Cholangitis, Sclerosing/etiology
- Cholestasis/pathology
- Humans
- Liver Cirrhosis/etiology
- Male
- Mice
- Monoamine Oxidase/physiology
- Rats
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2A/physiology
- Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2B/physiology
- Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2C/physiology
- Receptors, Serotonin/physiology
- Serotonin/blood
- Serotonin/physiology
- Tryptophan Hydroxylase/physiology
- ATP-Binding Cassette Sub-Family B Member 4
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Konstantina Kyritsi
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Lixian Chen
- Department of Medical Physiology, Texas A&M University College of Medicine, Bryan, TX
| | - April O’Brien
- Department of Medical Physiology, Texas A&M University College of Medicine, Bryan, TX
| | - Heather Francis
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Research, Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Travis W. Hein
- Department of Medical Physiology, Texas A&M University College of Medicine, Bryan, TX
| | - Julie Venter
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Nan Wu
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Ludovica Ceci
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Tianhao Zhou
- Department of Medical Physiology, Texas A&M University College of Medicine, Bryan, TX
| | - David Zawieja
- Department of Medical Physiology, Texas A&M University College of Medicine, Bryan, TX
| | - Anatoliy A. Gashev
- Department of Medical Physiology, Texas A&M University College of Medicine, Bryan, TX
| | - Fanyin Meng
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Research, Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Pietro Invernizzi
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano (MI), Italy
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Clinical Immunology, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA
| | - Luca Fabris
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua School of Medicine, Padua, Italy
- Digestive Disease Section, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Chaodong Wu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX
| | - Nicholas J. Skill
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Romil Saxena
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Suthat Liangpunsakul
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Research, Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Gianfranco Alpini
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Research, Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Shannon S. Glaser
- Department of Medical Physiology, Texas A&M University College of Medicine, Bryan, TX
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
A Semi-Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Model Describing the Altered Metabolism of Midazolam Due to Inflammation in Mice. Pharm Res 2018; 35:162. [PMID: 29931580 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-018-2447-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate influence of inflammation on metabolism and pharmacokinetics (PK) of midazolam (MDZ) and construct a semi-physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model to predict PK in mice with inflammatory disease. METHODS Glucose-6-phosphate isomerase (GPI)-mediated inflammation was used as a preclinical model of arthritis in DBA/1 mice. CYP3A substrate MDZ was selected to study changes in metabolism and PK during the inflammation. The semi-PBPK model was constructed using mouse physiological parameters, liver microsome metabolism, and healthy animal PK data. In addition, serum cytokine, and liver-CYP (cytochrome P450 enzymes) mRNA levels were examined. RESULTS The in vitro metabolite formation rate was suppressed in liver microsomes prepared from the GPI-treated mice as compared to the healthy mice. Further, clearance of MDZ was reduced during inflammation as compared to the healthy group. Finally, the semi-PBPK model was used to predict PK of MDZ after GPI-mediated inflammation. IL-6 and TNF-α levels were elevated and liver-cyp3a11 mRNA was reduced after GPI treatment. CONCLUSION The semi-PBPK model successfully predicted PK parameters of MDZ in the disease state. The model may be applied to predict PK of other drugs under disease conditions using healthy animal PK and liver microsomal data as inputs.
Collapse
|
9
|
Edwards T, Patel NU, Blake A, Prabakaran S, Reimer D, Feldman SR, Strowd LC. Insights into future therapeutics for atopic dermatitis. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2018; 19:265-278. [DOI: 10.1080/14656566.2018.1430140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Taylor Edwards
- Center for Dermatology Research, Department of Dermatology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Nupur U. Patel
- Center for Dermatology Research, Department of Dermatology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Amy Blake
- Center for Dermatology Research, Department of Dermatology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Samantha Prabakaran
- Center for Dermatology Research, Department of Dermatology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Danielle Reimer
- Center for Dermatology Research, Department of Dermatology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Steven R. Feldman
- Center for Dermatology Research, Department of Dermatology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
- Department of Pathology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Lindsay C. Strowd
- Center for Dermatology Research, Department of Dermatology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Outstanding animal studies in allergy II. From atopic barrier and microbiome to allergen-specific immunotherapy. Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol 2018; 17:180-187. [PMID: 28375932 PMCID: PMC5424576 DOI: 10.1097/aci.0000000000000364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Purpose of review Animal studies published within the past 18 months were assessed, focusing on innate and specific immunomodulation, providing knowledge of high translational relevance for human atopic and allergic diseases. Recent findings Allergic companion animals represent alternative models, but most studies were done in mice. Atopic dermatitis mouse models were refined by the utilization of cytokines like IL-23 and relevant skin allergens or enzymes. A novel IL-6 reporter mouse allows biomonitoring of inflammation. Both skin pH and the (transferable) microflora have a pivotal role in modulating the skin barrier. The microflora of the gastrointestinal mucosa maintains tolerance to dietary compounds and can be disturbed by antiacid drugs. A key mouse study evidenced that dust from Amish households, but not from Hutterites protected mice against asthma. In studies on subcutaneous and sublingual allergen-specific immunotherapy, much focus was given on delivery and adjuvants, using poly-lacto-co-glycolic particles, CpGs, probiotics or Vitamin D3. The epicutaneous and intralymphatic routes showed promising results in mice and horses in terms of prophylactic and therapeutic allergy treatment. Summary In atopic dermatitis, food allergies and asthma, environmental factors, together with the resident microflora and barrier status, decide on sensitization versus tolerance. Also allergen-specific immunotherapy operates with immunomodulatory principles.
Collapse
|
11
|
Cha HY, Ahn SH, Cheon JH, Park SY, Kim K. Hataedock treatment has preventive therapeutic effects for atopic dermatitis through skin barrier protection in Dermatophagoides farinae-induced NC/Nga mice. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2017; 206:327-336. [PMID: 28583294 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Revised: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Hataedock treatment is traditionally used for the purpose of preventing the future skin disease by feeding herbal extracts to the newborn in traditional Chinese and Korean medicine. AIM OF THE STUDY This study investigated the preventive therapeutic effects of Hataedock (HTD) treatment for atopic dermatitis (AD) through skin barrier protection in Dermatophagoides farinae-induced NC/Nga mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS To the HTD treatment group, the extract of Coptis japonica Makino and Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fischer, which analyzed with High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)-fingerprint for quality consistency, was administered orally to the 3-week-old mice before inducing AD. After that, Dermatophagoides farinae was applied except the control group to induce AD-like skin lesions. We confirmed the effects of HTD on morphological changes, protection of skin barrier, regulation of Th2 differentiation, inflammation regulation and induction of apoptosis through histochemistry, immunohistochemistry, and Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay. RESULTS HTD effectively reduced edema, angiogenesis and skin lesion. HTD also increased the levels of liver X receptor (LXR) and filaggrin but decreased the level of protein kinase C (PKC) (p<0.01). The levels of interleukin-4 (IL-4), IL-13, signal transducer and activator of transcription-6 (STAT-6) and Cluster of differentiation 40 (CD40) were significantly reduced in the HTD treated group (p<0.01). HTD also suppressed the mast cell degranulation and the level of the high-affinity IgE receptor (FcɛRI), substance P, Matrix metalloproteinases-9 (MMP-9) and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) (p<0.01). The levels of inflammatory factors such as nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) p65, phosphorylated IκB (p-IκB) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) were also decreased (p<0.01). Apoptosis of inflammatory cells was also found to increase (p<0.01). CONCLUSION Our results indicate that HTD effectively regulate the Th2 differentiation, mast cell activation and various inflammatory responses on AD-induced mice through protection of skin barrier. Therefore, HTD may have potential applications for alternative and preventive treatment in the management of AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ho-Yeol Cha
- Department of Korean Pediatrics, Hospital of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Geumo-ro 20, Mulgeum-eup, Yangsan-si, Gyeongsangnam-do 50612, Republic of Korea; Department of Korean Pediatrics, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Pusandaehak-ro 49, Mulgeum-eup, Yangsan-si, Gyeongsangnam-do 50612, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sang-Hyun Ahn
- Department of Anatomy, College of Korean Medicine, Semyung University, Semyung-ro 65, Jecheon-si, Chungbuk 27136, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jin-Hong Cheon
- Department of Korean Pediatrics, Hospital of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Geumo-ro 20, Mulgeum-eup, Yangsan-si, Gyeongsangnam-do 50612, Republic of Korea; Department of Korean Pediatrics, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Pusandaehak-ro 49, Mulgeum-eup, Yangsan-si, Gyeongsangnam-do 50612, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sun-Young Park
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Semyung University, Semyung-ro 65, Jecheon-si, Chungbuk 27136, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kibong Kim
- Department of Korean Pediatrics, Hospital of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Geumo-ro 20, Mulgeum-eup, Yangsan-si, Gyeongsangnam-do 50612, Republic of Korea; Department of Korean Pediatrics, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Pusandaehak-ro 49, Mulgeum-eup, Yangsan-si, Gyeongsangnam-do 50612, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Patel N, Strowd LC. The Future of Atopic Dermatitis Treatment. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 1027:185-210. [PMID: 29063440 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-64804-0_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, there has been a growing movement towards the use of targeted therapies in treating of atopic dermatitis (AD), parallel to that which has occurred in psoriasis. Among the systemic medications being studied are subcutaneous or intravenously administered biologic drugs targeting specific molecules such as IL4, IL13, IL17, and IgE. Non-biologic oral therapies are also being developed for AD and include small molecule drugs targeting phosphodiesterase type IV (PDE4) inhibition or Janus Kinase (JAK) inhibition. Numerous topical formulations are also being studied, with some formulations that are novel therapies that act as topical biologic or small molecule agents with mechanisms of action similar to systemic treatments. Others are being developed as skin barrier repair therapies for reduction of AD symptoms. This chapter will discuss new advances in AD treatment from medications in the initial stages of development to those nearing FDA approval.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nupur Patel
- Department of Dermatology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC, USA.
| | - Lindsay C Strowd
- Department of Dermatology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC, USA
| |
Collapse
|