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Ma PW, Torres A, Akoto MA. Feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary findings of a school‐based intervention for recently arrived immigrant middle‐school students. PSYCHOLOGY IN THE SCHOOLS 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/pits.22861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Pei‐Wen W. Ma
- Department of Psychology William Paterson University of New Jersey Wayne New Jersey USA
| | - Aileen Torres
- Department of Psychology William Paterson University of New Jersey Wayne New Jersey USA
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Zhu H, Song J, Zhang R, Wang B, Shen X. Developmental changes in and the relationship between psychological resilience and mental health problems in adolescents relocated for poverty alleviation in the context of COVID-19 epidemic prevention and control. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1118535. [PMID: 37026144 PMCID: PMC10070786 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1118535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Adolescents relocated for poverty alleviation have considerable mental health problems (MHPs) in the context of changing living environments and COVID-19 epidemic prevention and control, and psychological resilience (PR) is closely related to MHPs. Existing studies have mainly used cross-sectional research to investigate the relationship between PR and MHPs using PR as a predictor variable. Objective This study investigated developmental changes in the PR and MHPs of relocated adolescents as well as the relationship between these factors. Methods A longitudinal study was conducted to assess the PR and MHPs of 1,284 relocated adolescents. Data were collected at approximately 12-month intervals at three time points: spring of 2020 (T1), spring of 2021 (T2), and spring of 2022 (T3). The 1284 adolescents consisted of 620 males and 664 females; 787 were in the fourth grade of elementary school, 455 were in the first grade of middle school, and 42 were in the first grade of high school. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS 25.0 and Mplus 8.1 and methods such as latent growth models and cross-lagged regression analysis. Results (1) The PR level of relocated adolescents showed an overall increasing trend (slope = 0.16, p < 0.01), while the MHPs showed an overall decreasing trend (slope = -0.03, p < 0.01). (2) The initial PR level differed significantly from the initial MHPs level (β = -0.755, p = 0.00), and the rate of change in PR differed significantly from the rate of change in MHPs (β = -0.566, p = 0). The initial MHPs level differed significantly from that of PR (β = -0.732, p = 0.00), and the rate of change in MHPs differed significantly from the rate of change in PR (β = -0.514, p = 0.00). (3) Among the three sets of measurements of PR and MHPs, there were significant pairwise differences. Conclusion (1) The PR level of relocated adolescents increased over time, and the MHPs of relocated adolescents decreased over time. (2) The initial PR level of relocated adolescents had a negative predictive effect on the initial MHPs level, and the rate of change in PR had a negative predictive effect on the rate of change in MHPs. (3) The PR and MHPs of relocated adolescents exhibited a bidirectional, mutually influencing relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Zhu
- School of Teacher Education, Zunyi Normal University, Zunyi, China
- School of Psychology, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, China
- *Correspondence: Hai Zhu
| | - Juan Song
- School of Psychology, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, China
| | - Rong Zhang
- School of Teacher Education, Zunyi Normal University, Zunyi, China
| | - Benbin Wang
- Education and Sports Bureau of Zunyi City, Zunyi, China
| | - Xiaosong Shen
- Beijing Mental Data Matrix Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
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Suárez Soto E, Pereda N, Guilera G. Suicidal ideation and behaviour in Spanish adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic: an exploratory study. ACTAS ESPANOLAS DE PSIQUIATRIA 2022; 50:256-265. [PMID: 36622713 PMCID: PMC10803869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic and its related containment measures, mainly physical distancing and isolation, are having detrimental consequences on the mental health of the juvenile infant population worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Suárez Soto
- Research Group on Child and Adolescent Victimisation (GReVIA), University of Barcelona, Spain. International University of Valencia, Spain
- International University of Valencia, Spain
| | - Noemí Pereda
- Research Group on Child and Adolescent Victimisation (GReVIA), University of Barcelona, Spain. International University of Valencia, Spain
- Institute of Neurosciences (UBNeuro), University of Barcelona, Spain
| | - Georgina Guilera
- Research Group on Child and Adolescent Victimisation (GReVIA), University of Barcelona, Spain. International University of Valencia, Spain
- Institute of Neurosciences (UBNeuro), University of Barcelona, Spain
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Psychometric properties of the Adolescent Resilience Questionnaire (ARQ) in a sample of Swedish adolescents. BMC Psychiatry 2022; 22:468. [PMID: 35836194 PMCID: PMC9284718 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-022-04099-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The importance of resilience, and interest in it, has increased markedly in recent years, based on the need to understand why some children and young people have a resilience to stress that others lack. At the same time, there has been a lack of instruments to measure resilience. The aim of this study was to translate the Adolescent Resilience Questionnaire (ARQ) into Swedish and investigate the psychometrics of this Swedish version. METHODS A normative sample of 616 students aged 15-17 was recruited through the school system in five different communities. Students filled out a digitalised composite form consisting of ARQ and three other standardised questionnaires, the Sense of Coherence Scale-13 (Soc-13), the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES) and the Relationship Questionnaire (RQ). RESULTS The ARQ, with five domains and twelve subscales, showed good alpha coefficients α = .95 for the total scale and subscales ranging between α = .70 to .91, except for the subscales Emotional insight (α = 0.69) and Empathy/Tolerance (α = .61). The convergent validity, which was tested for the first time in this study, was good, especially with the Internal Domain for both SOC-13 and RSES. The confirmatory factor analysis showed a satisfactory construct validity. Finally, some gender differences were seen, with boys scoring higher on the total ARQ scale. CONCLUSION The study shows that the Swedish translation of ARQ has satisfactory psychometric properties. The ARQ could therefore be used as a tool for adolescents when evaluating the importance of resilience.
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The Brief 35-Item ARQ: Validation of the Adolescent Resilience Questionnaire in India. PSYCHOLOGICAL STUDIES 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12646-022-00643-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Anderson JR, Killian M, Hughes JL, Rush AJ, Trivedi MH. The Adolescent Resilience Questionnaire: Validation of a Shortened Version in U.S. Youths. Front Psychol 2020; 11:606373. [PMID: 33329281 PMCID: PMC7728789 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.606373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Resilience is a factor in how youth respond to adversity. The 88-item Adolescent Resilience Questionnaire is a comprehensive, multi-dimensional self-report measure of resilience developed with Australian youth. Methods Using a cross-sectional adolescent population (n = 3,222), confirmatory factor analysis was conducted to replicate the original factor structure. Over half of the adolescents were non-white and 9th graders with a mean age of 15.5. Results Our exploratory factor analysis shortened the measure for which we conducted the psychometric analyses. The original factor structure was not replicated. The exploratory factor analysis provided a 49-item measure. Internal consistency reliability for all 12 factors ranged from acceptable (α> 0.70–0.80). The revised factor total scores were highly and significantly correlated with item–total correlation coefficients (r > 0.63, p < 0.001). Conclusion This revised shorter 49-item version of the Adolescent Resilience Questionnaire could be deployed and has acceptable psychometric properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline R Anderson
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Michael Killian
- College of Social Work, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, United States
| | - Jennifer L Hughes
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - A John Rush
- Duke National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Psychiatry, Duke Medical School, Durham, NC, United States.,Department of Psychiatry, Texas Tech Health Science Center, Midland, TX, United States
| | - Madhukar H Trivedi
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
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Psychometric properties and normative data of the 10-item Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale among Chinese adolescent students in Hong Kong. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2020; 51:925-933. [PMID: 32086664 DOI: 10.1007/s10578-020-00970-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to assess the psychometric properties of the 10-item Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC10) and generate normative data for Chinese adolescents. A total of 24,499 participants (male 52.1%, mean age 13.3 years) were enrolled in the school-based survey among 132 secondary schools in Hong Kong during 2017. The CD-RISC10 showed high reliability and confirmatory factor analysis supported a unidimensional structure. Metric invariance across the gender, age, and grade subgroups was demonstrated. CD-RISC10 scores were positively correlated with psychological well-being and negatively correlated with mental distress. Male and younger students had higher resilience scores. There were significant interaction effects of gender and age/grade, with CD-RISC10 scores decreasing with age/grade in females while similar trends were not observed in males. Overall, the findings suggest that CD-RISC10 is appropriate for use in Chinese adolescents. The availability of normative data will facilitate the interpretation and comparison of research results in future studies.
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Costa MIFD, Rodrigues RR, Teixeira RM, Paula PHAD, Luna IT, Pinheiro PNDC. Adolescents in situations of poverty: resilience and vulnerabilities to sexually transmitted infections. Rev Bras Enferm 2020; 73:e20190242. [PMID: 32965409 DOI: 10.1590/0034-7167-2019-0242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the association between vulnerabilities to Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs/HIV/AIDS) of adolescents in poverty and their level of resilience. METHOD Cross-sectional study with 287 students between 11 and 17 years old in a school in the outskirts of Fortaleza-Ce. The study was conducted from August to October 2016. Three instruments related to characterization, vulnerability to STIs/HIV/AIDS and resilience were used. The association between the instruments was calculated using the Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests. Association between vulnerability to STIs/HIV/AIDS and resilience was assessed through the Spearman's correlation coefficient. Statistical significance was set at p<0.05. RESULTS There was a significant association between the factors "housing" (p=0.022), "family income" (p=0.037) and vulnerability to STIs/HIV/AIDS. Adolescents whose father has completed high school (p=0.043) have moderately high resilience. CONCLUSION Adolescents with low socioeconomic status and who live on less than a minimum wage tends to be more susceptible to vulnerabilities to STIs/HIV/AIDS and to have low resilience.
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Llistosella M, Gutiérrez-Rosado T, Rodríguez-Rey R, Liebenberg L, Bejarano Á, Gómez-Benito J, Limonero JT. Adaptation and Psychometric Properties of the Spanish Version of Child and Youth Resilience Measure (CYRM-32). Front Psychol 2019; 10:1410. [PMID: 31316419 PMCID: PMC6610767 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Resilience is defined as a dynamic process that entails a positive adaptation to contexts of adversity. According to the ecological model, resilient behavior emerges as a result of the interaction between individual, relational, community and cultural variables. The Child and Youth Resilience Measure (CYRM-28), developed in Canada and based on the ecological model, has been validated in several countries. The objective of this article is to present the cultural adaptation (studies I and II) and validation (study III) in Spanish at risk youth. A three-study mixed-method design was selected. Study I includes translations and a confirmatory and exploratory factor analysis of a sample of 270 Spanish young persons (56.9% boys) aged between 12 and 18 years (M = 14.65; SD = 1.27) from an urban public elementary school. Study II uses semi-structured interviews with adolescents identified as resilient and presents a content analysis and a reformulation of items with experts. Study III includes the confirmatory factor analysis, internal consistency, test-retest, convergent and discriminant validity, and multivariate analysis of variance to explore group differences of the resulting scale CYRM-32. The sample consisted of 432 at-risk young persons (54.9% boys) aged between 12 and 19 years old (M = 14.99; SD = 2.23). The results confirm the adequate psychometric properties of the CYRM-32 scale. From the original scale, 4 items were eliminated, 5 were reformulated presenting very low saturations. Meanwhile, 6 items were added to the cultural adaptation phase, resulting in a 32-item scale. The confirmatory analysis confirms the 3 factors expected in the CYRM-32 scale with good reliability indexes (Cronbach's α total scale 0.88, family interaction 0.79, interaction with others 0.72 and individual skills 0.78). The scale has convergent and discriminant validity in relation to the Brief Resilient Coping Scale, Coping Scale for Adolescents and Self-Concept. Significant differences were found in the scores of the CYRM-32 scale for the ethnic variable [F(71. 358) = 1.714, p < 0.001], while no differences appear according to age and gender. This finding confirms the importance of culture in the resiliency processes. The CYRM-32 scale has good psychometric properties and is a new alternative for measuring resilience in Spanish at-risk youth.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Llistosella
- Center of Primary Health Care Terrassa Nord, Consorci Sanitari de Terrassa (CST), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Teresa Gutiérrez-Rosado
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rocío Rodríguez-Rey
- Faculty of Health and Biomedical Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Linda Liebenberg
- Faculty of Graduate Studies, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Ángela Bejarano
- Secretariat for Social Integration, Sub-Directorate for Matters LGBT, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Juana Gómez-Benito
- Department of Social Psychology and Quantitative Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joaquín T. Limonero
- Stress and Health Research Group (GIES), Faculty of Psychology, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Mohammadinia L, Ardalan A, Khorasani-Zavareh D, Ebadi A, Malekafzali H, Fazel M. Domains and Indicators of Resilient Children in Natural Disasters: A Systematic Literature Review. Int J Prev Med 2018; 9:54. [PMID: 30050665 PMCID: PMC6036786 DOI: 10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_1_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Resilience has received increased attention among both practitioners and scholars in recent years. Child resilience has received notable attention in disaster risk reduction (DRR) during the creation of the Sendai Framework 2015-2030 to improve child protection in the event of disasters. As resilience is a subjective concept with a variety of definitions, this study evaluates its different factors and determinates in the existing research to clarify the path for the near future and objective research. A systematic literature review was conducted by searching and selecting the peer-reviewed papers published in four main international electronic databases including PubMed, SCOPUS, WEB OF SCIENCE, and PsycINFO to answer the research question: "What are the criteria, factors or indicators for child resilience in the context of a natural disaster?" The process was based on PRISMA guidelines. In total, 28 papers out of 1838 were selected and evaluated using thematic analysis. The results are shown in two separate tables: one descriptive and the other analytical. Two main themes and five subthemes for criteria for child resilience in a disaster have been found. The factors found cover the following areas: mental health, spiritual health, physical, social behavior, and ecological, and as well as environmental. The majority of the included studies mentioned the scattered criteria about children resilience without any organized category. Although this concept is multifactorial, additional research is needed to develop this study and also observe other kinds of disasters such as human-made disasters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Mohammadinia
- Department of Disaster Public Health, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Health in Disasters and Emergencies, School of Management and Information Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ali Ardalan
- Department of Disaster Public Health, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Harvard Humanitarian Initiative, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Davoud Khorasani-Zavareh
- Safety Promotion and Injury Prevention Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Health in Disasters and Emergencies, School of Health, Safety and Environment, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Clinical Science and Education Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Abbas Ebadi
- Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Life Style Institute, Faculty of Nursing, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Teheran, Iran
| | - Hossein Malekafzali
- Department of Health Promotion, Islamic Republic of Iran Medical Academy, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Fazel
- Nephrology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Pérez-González A, Guilera G, Pereda N, Jarne A. Protective factors promoting resilience in the relation between child sexual victimization and internalizing and externalizing symptoms. CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT 2017; 72:393-403. [PMID: 28917189 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2017.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2017] [Revised: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Sexual victimization has been one of the most frequently studied forms of child victimization. Its effects are common and diverse; however, not all children and youth exposed to sexual victimization eventually develop adjustment problems. A total of 1105 children and youth (590 male and 515 female) aged between 12 and 17 from northeastern Spain were assessed regarding their experiences of sexual victimization, symptoms of psychopathology, and protective factors. The results showed that all forms of sexual victimization were associated with higher levels of emotional and behavioral problems. However, the presence of a low Negative Cognition, high Social Skills and high Confidence seem to act buffering internalizing problems. Additionally, a significant interaction between Sexual Victimization and low Negative Cognition was observed (p<0.5), so that, low Negative Cognition was related to a lower risk of being in the clinical range for internalizing problems. Likewise, high scores on Empathy/Tolerance, Connectedness to School, Connectedness to Family and low Negative Cognition acted as promotive factors in relation to externalizing symptoms, in this case without any interaction effect. The strong relationship found with emotional and behavioral problems highlights the importance of continuing the research on the protective factors underlying resilience in the relationship between sexual victimization and psychopathological symptoms. The findings also support the multi-dimensional and specific nature of resilience and identify some of the protective factors that should be regarded as key intervention targets in adolescents with a history of sexual victimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Pérez-González
- Grup de Recerca en Victimització Infantil i Adolescent (GReVIA), University of Barcelona, Spain; Grup de Tècniques Estadístiques Avançades Aplicades a la Psicología (GTEAAP), University of Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Georgina Guilera
- Grup de Recerca en Victimització Infantil i Adolescent (GReVIA), University of Barcelona, Spain; Institut de Neurociències, University of Barcelona, Spain
| | - Noemí Pereda
- Grup de Recerca en Victimització Infantil i Adolescent (GReVIA), University of Barcelona, Spain; Institut de Neurociències, University of Barcelona, Spain
| | - Adolfo Jarne
- Grup de Tècniques Estadístiques Avançades Aplicades a la Psicología (GTEAAP), University of Barcelona, Spain
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Predicting General Well-Being Based on Resiliency Protective Factors and Demographics in Adolescents: The Mediating Role of Emotional Stability. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH 2017. [DOI: 10.5812/intjsh.44811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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