1
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Aktar T, Modak S, Majumder D, Maiti D. A detailed insight into macrophages' role in shaping lung carcinogenesis. Life Sci 2024; 352:122896. [PMID: 38972632 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
Despite significant advancements in cancer treatment in recent decades, the high mortality rate associated with lung cancer remains a significant concern. The development and proper execution of new targeted therapies needs more deep knowledge regarding the lung cancer associated tumour microenvironment. One of the key component of that tumour microenvironment is the lung resident macrophages. Although in normal physiological condition the lung resident macrophages are believed to maintain lung homeostasis, but they may also initiate a vicious inflammatory response in abnormal conditions which is linked to lung cancer development. Depending on the activation pathway, the lung resident macrophages are either of M1 or M2 sub-type. The M1 and M2 sub-types differ significantly in various prospectuses, from phenotypic markers to metabolic pathways. In addition to this generalized classification, the recent advancement of the multiomics technology is able to identify some other sub-types of lung resident macrophages. Researchers have also observed that these different sub-types can manipulate the pathogenesis of lung carcinogenesis in a context dependent manner and can either promote or inhibit the development of lung carcinogenesis upon receiving proper activation. As proper knowledge about the role played by the lung resident macrophages' in shaping the lung carcinogenesis is limited, so the main purpose of this review is to bring all the available information under the same roof. We also elaborated the different mechanisms involved in maintenance of the plasticity of M1/M2 sub-type, as this plasticity can be a good target for lung cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamanna Aktar
- Immunology Microbiology Lab, Department of Human Physiology, Tripura University, Suryamaninagar, Tripura 799022, India
| | - Snehashish Modak
- Immunology Microbiology Lab, Department of Human Physiology, Tripura University, Suryamaninagar, Tripura 799022, India
| | - Debabrata Majumder
- Immunology Microbiology Lab, Department of Human Physiology, Tripura University, Suryamaninagar, Tripura 799022, India; Department of Integrative Immunobiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Debasish Maiti
- Immunology Microbiology Lab, Department of Human Physiology, Tripura University, Suryamaninagar, Tripura 799022, India.
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2
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Casacuberta-Serra S, González-Larreategui Í, Capitán-Leo D, Soucek L. MYC and KRAS cooperation: from historical challenges to therapeutic opportunities in cancer. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:205. [PMID: 39164274 PMCID: PMC11336233 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01907-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024] Open
Abstract
RAS and MYC rank amongst the most commonly altered oncogenes in cancer, with RAS being the most frequently mutated and MYC the most amplified. The cooperative interplay between RAS and MYC constitutes a complex and multifaceted phenomenon, profoundly influencing tumor development. Together and individually, these two oncogenes regulate most, if not all, hallmarks of cancer, including cell death escape, replicative immortality, tumor-associated angiogenesis, cell invasion and metastasis, metabolic adaptation, and immune evasion. Due to their frequent alteration and role in tumorigenesis, MYC and RAS emerge as highly appealing targets in cancer therapy. However, due to their complex nature, both oncogenes have been long considered "undruggable" and, until recently, no drugs directly targeting them had reached the clinic. This review aims to shed light on their complex partnership, with special attention to their active collaboration in fostering an immunosuppressive milieu and driving immunotherapeutic resistance in cancer. Within this review, we also present an update on the different inhibitors targeting RAS and MYC currently undergoing clinical trials, along with their clinical outcomes and the different combination strategies being explored to overcome drug resistance. This recent clinical development suggests a paradigm shift in the long-standing belief of RAS and MYC "undruggability", hinting at a new era in their therapeutic targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Íñigo González-Larreategui
- Models of cancer therapies Laboratory, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Cellex Centre, Hospital University Vall d'Hebron Campus, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Daniel Capitán-Leo
- Models of cancer therapies Laboratory, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Cellex Centre, Hospital University Vall d'Hebron Campus, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Soucek
- Peptomyc S.L., Barcelona, Spain.
- Models of cancer therapies Laboratory, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Cellex Centre, Hospital University Vall d'Hebron Campus, Barcelona, Spain.
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, Barcelona, Spain.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain.
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3
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Vitorakis N, Gargalionis AN, Papavassiliou KA, Adamopoulos C, Papavassiliou AG. Precision Targeting Strategies in Pancreatic Cancer: The Role of Tumor Microenvironment. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:2876. [PMID: 39199647 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16162876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2024] [Revised: 08/14/2024] [Accepted: 08/17/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer demonstrates an ever-increasing incidence over the last years and represents one of the top causes of cancer-associated mortality. Cells of the tumor microenvironment (TME) interact with cancer cells in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) tumors to preserve cancer cells' metabolism, inhibit drug delivery, enhance immune suppression mechanisms and finally develop resistance to chemotherapy and immunotherapy. New strategies target TME genetic alterations and specific pathways in cell populations of the TME. Complex molecular interactions develop between PDAC cells and TME cell populations including cancer-associated fibroblasts, myeloid-derived suppressor cells, pancreatic stellate cells, tumor-associated macrophages, tumor-associated neutrophils, and regulatory T cells. In the present review, we aim to fully explore the molecular landscape of the pancreatic cancer TME cell populations and discuss current TME targeting strategies to provide thoughts for further research and preclinical testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos Vitorakis
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Antonios N Gargalionis
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, 'Attikon' University General Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 12462 Athens, Greece
| | - Kostas A Papavassiliou
- First University Department of Respiratory Medicine, 'Sotiria' Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Christos Adamopoulos
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Athanasios G Papavassiliou
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
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4
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Sun J, Feng Q, He Y, Wang M, Wu Y. Lactate activates CCL18 expression via H3K18 lactylation in macrophages to promote tumorigenesis of ovarian cancer. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2024. [PMID: 39010846 DOI: 10.3724/abbs.2024111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
This study investigates the role of lactate in the genesis and progression of ovarian cancer (OV) and explores the underlying mechanisms. Serum lactate levels show a positive correlation with tumor grade and poor prognosis in patients with OV. Bioinformatics analysis identifies CCL18 as a lactate-related gene in OV. CCL18 is up-regulated in cancerous tissues and positively related to serum lactate levels in OV patients. THP-1 cells are exposed to phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate for M0 macrophage induction. The results of RT-qPCR and ELISA for M1/M2 macrophage-related markers and inflammatory cytokines show that the exposure of lactate to macrophages induces M2 polarization. Based on the coculture of OV cells with macrophages, lactate-treated macrophages induces a significant increase in the proliferation and migration of OV cells. However, these effects can be reversed by silencing of Gpr132 in macrophages or treatment with anti-CCL18 antibody. Experiments using the xenograft model verify that the oncogenic role of lactate in tumor growth and metastasis relies on Gpr132 and CCL18. ChIP-qPCR and luciferase reporter assays reveal that lactate regulates CCL18 expression via H3K18 lactylation. In conclusion, lactate is a potential therapeutic target for OV. It is involved in tumorigenesis by activating CCL18 expression via H3K18 lactylation in macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinrui Sun
- Department of Gynecology, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Taiyuan 030001, China
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing 100006, China
| | - Qinmei Feng
- Department of Gynecology, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Yue He
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing 100006, China
| | - Ming Wang
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing 100006, China
| | - Yumei Wu
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing 100006, China
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5
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Wang P, Gao L, Ma T, Ye Z, Li Z. MicroRNA-1225-5p Promotes the Development of Fibrotic Cataracts via Keap1/Nrf2 Signaling. Curr Eye Res 2024; 49:591-604. [PMID: 38450708 DOI: 10.1080/02713683.2024.2316712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Fibrotic cataracts, including anterior subcapsular cataract (ASC) as well as posterior capsule opacification (PCO), are a common vision-threatening cause worldwide. Still, little is known about the underlying mechanisms. Here, we demonstrate a miRNA-based pathway regulating the pathological fibrosis process of lens epithelium. METHODS Gain- and loss-of-function approaches, as well as multiple fibrosis models of the lens, were applied to validate the crucial role of two miR-1225 family members in the TGF-β2 induced PCO model of human LECs and injury-induced ASC model in mice. RESULTS Both miR-1225-3p and miR-1225-5p prominently stimulate the migration and EMT process of lens epithelial cells (LECs) in vitro as well as lens fibrosis in vivo. Moreover, we demonstrated that the underlying mechanism for these effects of miR-1225-5p is via directly targeting Keap1 to regulate Keap1/Nrf2 signaling. In addition, evidence showed that Keap1/Nrf2 signaling is activated in the TGF-β2 induced PCO model of human LECs and injury-induced ASC model in mice, and inhibition of the Nrf2 pathway can significantly reverse the process of LECs EMT as well as lens fibrosis. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that blockade of miR-1225-5p prevents lens fibrosis via targeting Keap1 thereby inhibiting Nrf2 activation. The 'miR-1225-Keap1-Nrf2' signaling axis presumably holds therapeutic promise in the treatment of fibrotic cataracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peihong Wang
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
- Senior Department of Ophthalmology, the Third Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lixiong Gao
- Senior Department of Ophthalmology, the Third Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Tianju Ma
- Senior Department of Ophthalmology, the Third Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zi Ye
- Senior Department of Ophthalmology, the Third Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaohui Li
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
- Senior Department of Ophthalmology, the Third Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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6
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Chen S, Xu Y, Zhuo W, Zhang L. The emerging role of lactate in tumor microenvironment and its clinical relevance. Cancer Lett 2024; 590:216837. [PMID: 38548215 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.216837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Revised: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, the significant impact of lactate in the tumor microenvironment has been greatly documented. Acting not only as an energy substance in tumor metabolism, lactate is also an imperative signaling molecule. It plays key roles in metabolic remodeling, protein lactylation, immunosuppression, drug resistance, epigenetics and tumor metastasis, which has a tight relation with cancer patients' poor prognosis. This review illustrates the roles lactate plays in different aspects of tumor progression and drug resistance. From the comprehensive effects that lactate has on tumor metabolism and tumor immunity, the therapeutic targets related to it are expected to bring new hope for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sihan Chen
- Department of Cell Biology and Department of Colorectal Surgery and Oncology, Center for Medical Research and Innovation in Digestive System Tumors, Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Institute of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yining Xu
- Department of Cell Biology and Department of Colorectal Surgery and Oncology, Center for Medical Research and Innovation in Digestive System Tumors, Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Institute of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wei Zhuo
- Department of Cell Biology and Department of Colorectal Surgery and Oncology, Center for Medical Research and Innovation in Digestive System Tumors, Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Institute of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Lu Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology and Department of Colorectal Surgery and Oncology, Center for Medical Research and Innovation in Digestive System Tumors, Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Research Center for Life Science and Human Health, Binjiang Institute of Zhejiang University Hangzhou, China; Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Institute of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
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7
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Kuznetsova AB, Kolesova EP, Parodi A, Zamyatnin AA, Egorova VS. Reprogramming Tumor-Associated Macrophage Using Nanocarriers: New Perspectives to Halt Cancer Progression. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:636. [PMID: 38794298 PMCID: PMC11124960 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16050636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer remains a significant challenge for public healthcare systems worldwide. Within the realm of cancer treatment, considerable attention is focused on understanding the tumor microenvironment (TME)-the complex network of non-cancerous elements surrounding the tumor. Among the cells in TME, tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) play a central role, traditionally categorized as pro-inflammatory M1 macrophages or anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages. Within the TME, M2-like TAMs can create a protective environment conducive to tumor growth and progression. These TAMs secrete a range of factors and molecules that facilitate tumor angiogenesis, increased vascular permeability, chemoresistance, and metastasis. In response to this challenge, efforts are underway to develop adjuvant therapy options aimed at reprogramming TAMs from the M2 to the anti-tumor M1 phenotype. Such reprogramming holds promise for suppressing tumor growth, alleviating chemoresistance, and impeding metastasis. Nanotechnology has enabled the development of nanoformulations that may soon offer healthcare providers the tools to achieve targeted drug delivery, controlled drug release within the TME for TAM reprogramming and reduce drug-related adverse events. In this review, we have synthesized the latest data on TAM polarization in response to TME factors, highlighted the pathological effects of TAMs, and provided insights into existing nanotechnologies aimed at TAM reprogramming and depletion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyona B. Kuznetsova
- Scientific Center for Translation Medicine, Sirius University of Science and Technology, 354340 Sochi, Russia; (A.B.K.); (E.P.K.); (A.P.)
| | - Ekaterina P. Kolesova
- Scientific Center for Translation Medicine, Sirius University of Science and Technology, 354340 Sochi, Russia; (A.B.K.); (E.P.K.); (A.P.)
| | - Alessandro Parodi
- Scientific Center for Translation Medicine, Sirius University of Science and Technology, 354340 Sochi, Russia; (A.B.K.); (E.P.K.); (A.P.)
| | - Andrey A. Zamyatnin
- Scientific Center for Translation Medicine, Sirius University of Science and Technology, 354340 Sochi, Russia; (A.B.K.); (E.P.K.); (A.P.)
- Faculty of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Vera S. Egorova
- Scientific Center for Translation Medicine, Sirius University of Science and Technology, 354340 Sochi, Russia; (A.B.K.); (E.P.K.); (A.P.)
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8
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Gu M, Liu Y, Xin P, Guo W, Zhao Z, Yang X, Ma R, Jiao T, Zheng W. Fundamental insights and molecular interactions in pancreatic cancer: Pathways to therapeutic approaches. Cancer Lett 2024; 588:216738. [PMID: 38401887 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.216738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
The gastrointestinal tract can be affected by a number of diseases that pancreatic cancer (PC) is a malignant manifestation of them. The prognosis of PC patients is unfavorable and because of their diagnosis at advanced stage, the treatment of this tumor is problematic. Owing to low survival rate, there is much interest towards understanding the molecular profile of PC in an attempt in developing more effective therapeutics. The conventional therapeutics for PC include surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy as well as emerging immunotherapy. However, PC is still incurable and more effort should be performed. The molecular landscape of PC is an underlying factor involved in increase in progression of tumor cells. In the presence review, the newest advances in understanding the molecular and biological events in PC are discussed. The dysregulation of molecular pathways including AMPK, MAPK, STAT3, Wnt/β-catenin and non-coding RNA transcripts has been suggested as a factor in development of tumorigenesis in PC. Moreover, cell death mechanisms such as apoptosis, autophagy, ferroptosis and necroptosis demonstrate abnormal levels. The EMT and glycolysis in PC cells enhance to ensure their metastasis and proliferation. Furthermore, such abnormal changes have been used to develop corresponding pharmacological and nanotechnological therapeutics for PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Gu
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110001, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110001, China
| | - Peng Xin
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110001, China
| | - Wei Guo
- Department of Pancreatic-Biliary Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110001, China
| | - Zimo Zhao
- Department of Pancreatic-Biliary Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110001, China
| | - Xu Yang
- Department of Pancreatic-Biliary Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110001, China
| | - Ruiyang Ma
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110001, China.
| | - Taiwei Jiao
- Department of Gastroenterology and Endoscopy, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110001, China.
| | - Wenhui Zheng
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110001, China.
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Zhao L, Guo J, Xu S, Duan M, Liu B, Zhao H, Wang Y, Liu H, Yang Z, Yuan H, Jiang X, Jiang X. Abnormal changes in metabolites caused by m 6A methylation modification: The leading factors that induce the formation of immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment and their promising potential for clinical application. J Adv Res 2024:S2090-1232(24)00159-0. [PMID: 38677545 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2024.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND N6-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA methylation modifications have been widely implicated in the metabolic reprogramming of various cell types within the tumor microenvironment (TME) and are essential for meeting the demands of cellular growth and maintaining tissue homeostasis, enabling cells to adapt to the specific conditions of the TME. An increasing number of research studies have focused on the role of m6A modifications in glucose, amino acid and lipid metabolism, revealing their capacity to induce aberrant changes in metabolite levels. These changes may in turn trigger oncogenic signaling pathways, leading to substantial alterations within the TME. Notably, certain metabolites, including lactate, succinate, fumarate, 2-hydroxyglutarate (2-HG), glutamate, glutamine, methionine, S-adenosylmethionine, fatty acids and cholesterol, exhibit pronounced deviations from normal levels. These deviations not only foster tumorigenesis, proliferation and angiogenesis but also give rise to an immunosuppressive TME, thereby facilitating immune evasion by the tumor. AIM OF REVIEW The primary objective of this review is to comprehensively discuss the regulatory role of m6A modifications in the aforementioned metabolites and their potential impact on the development of an immunosuppressive TME through metabolic alterations. KEY SCIENTIFIC CONCEPTS OF REVIEW This review aims to elaborate on the intricate networks governed by the m6A-metabolite-TME axis and underscores its pivotal role in tumor progression. Furthermore, we delve into the potential implications of the m6A-metabolite-TME axis for the development of novel and targeted therapeutic strategies in cancer research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110032, China; Department of Colorectal Anal Surgery, Shenyang Coloproctology Hospital, Shenyang 110002, China.
| | - Junchen Guo
- Department of Radiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110032, China.
| | - Shasha Xu
- Department of Gastroendoscopy, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110032, China.
| | - Meiqi Duan
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110032, China.
| | - Baiming Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110032, China.
| | - He Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110032, China.
| | - Yihan Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110032, China.
| | - Haiyang Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110032, China.
| | - Zhi Yang
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110032, China.
| | - Hexue Yuan
- Department of Colorectal Anal Surgery, Shenyang Coloproctology Hospital, Shenyang 110002, China.
| | - Xiaodi Jiang
- Department of Infectious Disease, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110020, China.
| | - Xiaofeng Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110032, China.
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10
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Yan C, Yang Z, Chen P, Yeh Y, Sun C, Xie T, Huang W, Zhang X. GPR65 sensing tumor-derived lactate induces HMGB1 release from TAM via the cAMP/PKA/CREB pathway to promote glioma progression. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2024; 43:105. [PMID: 38576043 PMCID: PMC10993467 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-024-03025-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lactate has emerged as a critical regulator within the tumor microenvironment, including glioma. However, the precise mechanisms underlying how lactate influences the communication between tumor cells and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), the most abundant immune cells in glioma, remain poorly understood. This study aims to elucidate the impact of tumor-derived lactate on TAMs and investigate the regulatory pathways governing TAM-mediated tumor-promotion in glioma. METHODS Bioinformatic analysis was conducted using datasets from TCGA and CGGA. Single-cell RNA-seq datasets were analyzed by using UCSC Cell Browser and Single Cell Portal. Cell proliferation and mobility were evaluated through CCK8, colony formation, wound healing, and transwell assays. Western blot and immunofluorescence staining were applied to assess protein expression and cell distribution. RT-PCR and ELISA were employed to identify the potential secretory factors. Mechanistic pathways were explored by western blotting, ELISA, shRNA knockdown, and specific inhibitors and activators. The effects of pathway blockades were further assessed using subcutaneous and intracranial xenograft tumor models in vivo. RESULTS Elevated expressions of LDHA and MCT1 were observed in glioma and exhibited a positive correlation with M2-type TAM infiltration. Lactate derived from glioma cells induced TAMs towards M2-subtype polarization, subsequently promoting glioma cells proliferation, migration, invasion, and mesenchymal transition. GPR65, highly expressed on TAMs, sensed lactate-stimulation in the TME, fueling glioma cells malignant progression through the secretion of HMGB1. GPR65 on TAMs triggered HMGB1 release in response to lactate stimulation via the cAMP/PKA/CREB signaling pathway. Disrupting this feedback loop by GPR65-knockdown or HMGB1 inhibition mitigated glioma progression in vivo. CONCLUSION These findings unveil the intricate interplay between TAMs and tumor cells mediated by lactate and HMGB1, driving tumor progression in glioma. GPR65, selectively highly expressed on TAMs in glioma, sensed lactate stimulation and fostered HMGB1 secretion via the cAMP/PKA/CREB signaling pathway. Blocking this feedback loop presents a promising therapeutic strategy for GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaolong Yan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zijiang Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Pin Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuyang Yeh
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chongjing Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Xie
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Wei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience, Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
| | - Xiaobiao Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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11
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Pant T, Uche N, Juric M, Zielonka J, Bai X. Regulation of immunomodulatory networks by Nrf2-activation in immune cells: Redox control and therapeutic potential in inflammatory diseases. Redox Biol 2024; 70:103077. [PMID: 38359749 PMCID: PMC10877431 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2024.103077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory diseases present a serious health challenge due to their widespread prevalence and the severe impact on patients' lives. In the quest to alleviate the burden of these diseases, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) has emerged as a pivotal player. As a transcription factor intimately involved in cellular defense against metabolic and oxidative stress, Nrf2's role in modulating the inflammatory responses of immune cells has garnered significant attention. Recent findings suggest that Nrf2's ability to alter the redox status of cells underlies its regulatory effects on immune responses. Our review delves into preclinical and clinical evidence that underscores the complex influence of Nrf2 activators on immune cell phenotypes, particularly in the inflammatory milieu. By offering a detailed analysis of Nrf2's role in different immune cell populations, we cast light on the potential of Nrf2 activators in shaping the immune response towards a more regulated state, mitigating the adverse effects of inflammation through modeling redox status of immune cells. Furthermore, we explore the innovative use of nanoencapsulation techniques that enhance the delivery and efficacy of Nrf2 activators, potentially advancing the treatment strategies for inflammatory ailments. We hope this review will stimulate the development and expansion of Nrf2-targeted treatments that could substantially improve outcomes for patients suffering from a broad range of inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarun Pant
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA.
| | - Nnamdi Uche
- Department of Pharmacology and Center for Pharmacogenomics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Matea Juric
- Department of Biophysics, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA
| | - Jacek Zielonka
- Department of Biophysics, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA
| | - Xiaowen Bai
- Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology & Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA.
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12
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Occhiuto CJ, Liby KT. KEAP1-Mutant Lung Cancers Weaken Anti-Tumor Immunity and Promote an M2-like Macrophage Phenotype. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3510. [PMID: 38542481 PMCID: PMC10970780 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25063510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Considerable advances have been made in lung cancer therapies, but there is still an unmet clinical need to improve survival for lung cancer patients. Immunotherapies have improved survival, although only 20-30% of patients respond to these treatments. Interestingly, cancers with mutations in Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (KEAP1), the negative regulator of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) transcription factor, are resistant to immune checkpoint inhibition and correlate with decreased lymphoid cell infiltration. NRF2 is known for promoting an anti-inflammatory phenotype when activated in immune cells, but the study of NRF2 activation in cancer cells has not been adequately assessed. The objective of this study was to determine how lung cancer cells with constitutive NRF2 activity interact with the immune microenvironment to promote cancer progression. To assess, we generated CRISPR-edited mouse lung cancer cell lines by knocking out the KEAP1 or NFE2L2 genes and utilized a publicly available single-cell dataset through the Gene Expression Omnibus to investigate tumor/immune cell interactions. We show here that KEAP1-mutant cancers promote immunosuppression of the tumor microenvironment. Our data suggest KEAP1 deletion is sufficient to alter the secretion of cytokines, increase expression of immune checkpoint markers on cancer cells, and alter recruitment and differential polarization of immunosuppressive macrophages that ultimately lead to T-cell suppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J. Occhiuto
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA;
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Karen T. Liby
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
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13
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Shaw P, Dwivedi SKD, Bhattacharya R, Mukherjee P, Rao G. VEGF signaling: Role in angiogenesis and beyond. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2024; 1879:189079. [PMID: 38280470 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2024.189079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
Angiogenesis is a crucial process for tissue development, repair, and tumor survival. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a key driver secreted by cancer cells, promoting neovascularization. While VEGF's role in angiogenesis is well-documented, its influence on the other aspects in tumor microenvironemt is less discussed. This review elaborates on VEGF's impact on intercellular interactions within the tumor microenvironment, including how VEGF affects pericyte proliferation and migration and mediates interactions between tumor-associated macrophages and cancer cells, resulting in PDL-1-mediated immunosuppression and Nrf2-mediated epithelial-mesenchymal transition. The review discusses VEGF's involvement in intra-organelle crosstalk, tumor metabolism, stemness, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. It also provides insights into current anti-VEGF therapies and their limitations in cancer treatment. Overall, this review aims to provide a thorough overview of the current state of knowledge concerning VEGF signaling and its impact, not only on angiogenesis but also on various other oncogenic processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pallab Shaw
- Peggy and Charles Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; Department of Pathology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Shailendra Kumar Dhar Dwivedi
- Peggy and Charles Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Resham Bhattacharya
- Peggy and Charles Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Priyabrata Mukherjee
- Peggy and Charles Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; Department of Pathology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Geeta Rao
- Peggy and Charles Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; Department of Pathology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA.
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14
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Bae T, Hallis SP, Kwak MK. Hypoxia, oxidative stress, and the interplay of HIFs and NRF2 signaling in cancer. Exp Mol Med 2024; 56:501-514. [PMID: 38424190 PMCID: PMC10985007 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-024-01180-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Oxygen is crucial for life and acts as the final electron acceptor in mitochondrial energy production. Cells adapt to varying oxygen levels through intricate response systems. Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs), including HIF-1α and HIF-2α, orchestrate the cellular hypoxic response, activating genes to increase the oxygen supply and reduce expenditure. Under conditions of excess oxygen and resulting oxidative stress, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) activates hundreds of genes for oxidant removal and adaptive cell survival. Hypoxia and oxidative stress are core hallmarks of solid tumors and activated HIFs and NRF2 play pivotal roles in tumor growth and progression. The complex interplay between hypoxia and oxidative stress within the tumor microenvironment adds another layer of intricacy to the HIF and NRF2 signaling systems. This review aimed to elucidate the dynamic changes and functions of the HIF and NRF2 signaling pathways in response to conditions of hypoxia and oxidative stress, emphasizing their implications within the tumor milieu. Additionally, this review explored the elaborate interplay between HIFs and NRF2, providing insights into the significance of these interactions for the development of novel cancer treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taegeun Bae
- Integrated Research Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Gyeonggi‑do, 14662, Republic of Korea
| | - Steffanus Pranoto Hallis
- Department of Pharmacy, Graduate School of The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Gyeonggi‑do, 14662, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Kyoung Kwak
- Integrated Research Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Gyeonggi‑do, 14662, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Pharmacy, Graduate School of The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Gyeonggi‑do, 14662, Republic of Korea.
- College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Gyeonggi‑do, 14662, Republic of Korea.
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15
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Xu M, Cui Y, Wei S, Cong X, Chen Y, Tian S, Yao A, Chen W, Weng L. Emerging nanomaterials targeting macrophage adapted to abnormal metabolism in cancer and atherosclerosis therapy (Review). Int J Mol Med 2024; 53:13. [PMID: 38063240 PMCID: PMC10760796 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2023.5337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophages, as highly heterogeneous and plastic immune cells, occupy a pivotal role in both pro‑inflammatory (M1) and anti‑inflammatory (M2) responses. While M1‑type macrophages secrete pro‑inflammatory factors to initiate and sustain inflammation, M2‑type macrophages promote inflammation regression and uphold tissue homeostasis. These distinct phenotypic transitions in macrophages are closely linked to significant alterations in cellular metabolism, encompassing key response pathways such as glycolysis, pentose phosphate pathway, oxidative phosphorylation, lipid metabolism, amino acid metabolism, the tricarboxylic acid cycle and iron metabolism. These metabolic adaptations enable macrophages to adapt their activities in response to varying disease microenvironments. Therefore, the present review focused primarily on elucidating the intricate metabolic pathways that underlie macrophage functionality. Subsequently, it offers a comprehensive overview of the current state‑of‑the‑art nanomaterials, highlighting their promising potential in modulating macrophage metabolism to effectively hinder disease progression in both cancer and atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Xu
- School of Geography and Biological Information, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P.R. China
| | - Ying Cui
- School of Geography and Biological Information, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P.R. China
| | - Siyuan Wei
- School of Geography and Biological Information, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P.R. China
| | - Xuelong Cong
- State Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergistic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P.R. China
| | - Yiying Chen
- School of Geography and Biological Information, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P.R. China
| | - Shujie Tian
- School of Geography and Biological Information, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P.R. China
| | - Anqi Yao
- RDFZ Chaoyang Branch School, Beijing 100028, P.R. China
| | - Weiwei Chen
- School of Geography and Biological Information, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P.R. China
| | - Lixing Weng
- School of Geography and Biological Information, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergistic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P.R. China
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16
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Glorieux C, Enríquez C, González C, Aguirre-Martínez G, Buc Calderon P. The Multifaceted Roles of NRF2 in Cancer: Friend or Foe? Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:70. [PMID: 38247494 PMCID: PMC10812565 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13010070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Physiological concentrations of reactive oxygen species (ROS) play vital roles in various normal cellular processes, whereas excessive ROS generation is central to disease pathogenesis. The nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) is a critical transcription factor that regulates the cellular antioxidant systems in response to oxidative stress by governing the expression of genes encoding antioxidant enzymes that shield cells from diverse oxidative alterations. NRF2 and its negative regulator Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (KEAP1) have been the focus of numerous investigations in elucidating whether NRF2 suppresses tumor promotion or conversely exerts pro-oncogenic effects. NRF2 has been found to participate in various pathological processes, including dysregulated cell proliferation, metabolic remodeling, and resistance to apoptosis. Herein, this review article will examine the intriguing role of phase separation in activating the NRF2 transcriptional activity and explore the NRF2 dual impacts on tumor immunology, cancer stem cells, metastasis, and long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs). Taken together, this review aims to discuss the NRF2 multifaceted roles in both cancer prevention and promotion while also addressing the advantages, disadvantages, and limitations associated with modulating NRF2 therapeutically in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Glorieux
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Cinthya Enríquez
- Química y Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Arturo Prat, Iquique 1100000, Chile; (C.E.); (C.G.); (G.A.-M.)
- Programa de Magister en Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Arturo Prat, Iquique 1100000, Chile
| | - Constanza González
- Química y Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Arturo Prat, Iquique 1100000, Chile; (C.E.); (C.G.); (G.A.-M.)
| | - Gabriela Aguirre-Martínez
- Química y Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Arturo Prat, Iquique 1100000, Chile; (C.E.); (C.G.); (G.A.-M.)
- Instituto de Química Medicinal, Universidad Arturo Prat, Iquique 1100000, Chile
| | - Pedro Buc Calderon
- Química y Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Arturo Prat, Iquique 1100000, Chile; (C.E.); (C.G.); (G.A.-M.)
- Instituto de Química Medicinal, Universidad Arturo Prat, Iquique 1100000, Chile
- Research Group in Metabolism and Nutrition, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
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17
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Pfefferlé M, Vallelian F. Transcription Factor NRF2 in Shaping Myeloid Cell Differentiation and Function. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2024; 1459:159-195. [PMID: 39017844 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-62731-6_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
NFE2-related factor 2 (NRF2) is a master transcription factor (TF) that coordinates key cellular homeostatic processes including antioxidative responses, autophagy, proteostasis, and metabolism. The emerging evidence underscores its significant role in modulating inflammatory and immune processes. This chapter delves into the role of NRF2 in myeloid cell differentiation and function and its implication in myeloid cell-driven diseases. In macrophages, NRF2 modulates cytokine production, phagocytosis, pathogen clearance, and metabolic adaptations. In dendritic cells (DCs), it affects maturation, cytokine production, and antigen presentation capabilities, while in neutrophils, NRF2 is involved in activation, migration, cytokine production, and NETosis. The discussion extends to how NRF2's regulatory actions pertain to a wide array of diseases, such as sepsis, various infectious diseases, cancer, wound healing, atherosclerosis, hemolytic conditions, pulmonary disorders, hemorrhagic events, and autoimmune diseases. The activation of NRF2 typically reduces inflammation, thereby modifying disease outcomes. This highlights the therapeutic potential of NRF2 modulation in treating myeloid cell-driven pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Pfefferlé
- Department of Internal Medicine, Spital Limmattal, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Florence Vallelian
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Zurich and University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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18
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Waki Y, Morine Y, Noma T, Takasu C, Teraoku H, Yamada S, Saito Y, Ikemoto T, Shimada M. Association between high expression of intratumoral fibroblast activation protein and survival in patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. BMC Gastroenterol 2023; 23:415. [PMID: 38017374 PMCID: PMC10683315 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-023-03012-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) have been reported to exhibit protumorigenic effects. Among the well-known CAF markers such as smooth muscle actin (SMA) and fibroblast activation protein (FAP), high expression of SMA in the peritumoral stroma has been reported to be a prognostic factor in various cancers. However, the effect of high FAP expression in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (IHCC) has not been fully clarified. We evaluated the expression of CAF markers, focusing on FAP expression in the peripheral and intratumoral regions, to clarify the association with survival in patients with IHCC. METHODS The study cohort comprised 37 patients who underwent curative resection for IHCC. The FAP expressions were evaluated in the peripheral and intratumoral regions of the resected tissues. Clinicopathological factors and survival outcomes were investigated between patients with high versus low FAP expression. Uni- and multivariate analyses were performed to identify the prognostic factors for overall survival and relapse-free survival. RESULTS The median area percentages of FAP expression in the peripheral and intratumoral regions were 15.5% and 17.8%, respectively. High FAP expression in the intratumoral region was significantly associated with worse overall survival and disease-free survival than low FAP expression in the intratumoral region. Multivariate analysis identified high intratumoral FAP expression as a risk factor for worse overall survival (hazard ratio, 2.450; p = 0.049) and relapse-free survival (hazard ratio, 2.743; p = 0.034). CONCLUSIONS High intratumoral FAP expression was associated with worse survival, suggesting that intratumoral FAP expression represents malignant progression in patients with IHCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhei Waki
- Department of Digestive and Transplant Surgery, Tokushima University, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Yuji Morine
- Department of Digestive and Transplant Surgery, Tokushima University, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan.
| | - Takayuki Noma
- Department of Digestive and Transplant Surgery, Tokushima University, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Chie Takasu
- Department of Digestive and Transplant Surgery, Tokushima University, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Hiroki Teraoku
- Department of Digestive and Transplant Surgery, Tokushima University, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Yamada
- Department of Digestive and Transplant Surgery, Tokushima University, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Yu Saito
- Department of Digestive and Transplant Surgery, Tokushima University, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Ikemoto
- Department of Digestive and Transplant Surgery, Tokushima University, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Mitsuo Shimada
- Department of Digestive and Transplant Surgery, Tokushima University, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
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19
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Cao F, Liu Y, Cheng Y, Wang Y, He Y, Xu Y. Multi-omics characteristics of tumor-associated macrophages in the tumor microenvironment of gastric cancer and their exploration of immunotherapy potential. Sci Rep 2023; 13:18265. [PMID: 37880233 PMCID: PMC10600170 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-38822-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The incidence and mortality rate of gastric cancer (GC) have remained high worldwide. Although some progress has been made in immunotargeted therapy, the treatment effect remains limited. With more attention has been paid to the immune potential of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), but the specific mechanisms of tumor immunity are still unclear. Thus, we screened marker genes in TAMs differentiation (MDMs) through single-cell RNA sequencing, and combined with GC transcriptome data from TCGA and GEO databases, the clinical and TME characteristics, prognostic differences, immune infiltration, and drug sensitivity among different subtypes of patients with GC in different data sets were analyzed. A prognostic model of GC was constructed to evaluate the prognosis and immunotherapy response of patients with GC. In this study, we extensively studied the mutations in MDMs such as CGN, S100A6, and C1QA, and found differences in the infiltration of immune cells and immune checkpoints including M2 TAMs, T cells, CD274, and CTLA4 in different GC subtypes. In the model, we constructed a predictive scoring system with high accuracy and screened out key MDMs-related genes associated with prognosis and M2 TAMs, among which VKORC1 may be involved in GC progression and iron death in tumor cells. Therefore, this study explores the therapeutic strategy of TAMs reprogramming in-depth, providing new ideas for the clinical diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis assessment of GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Cao
- Department of General Surgery, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China
| | - Yanwei Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China
| | - Yunsheng Cheng
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China.
| | - Yan He
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China.
| | - Yanyan Xu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China.
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20
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Bogut A, Stojanovic B, Jovanovic M, Dimitrijevic Stojanovic M, Gajovic N, Stojanovic BS, Balovic G, Jovanovic M, Lazovic A, Mirovic M, Jurisevic M, Jovanovic I, Mladenovic V. Galectin-1 in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma: Bridging Tumor Biology, Immune Evasion, and Therapeutic Opportunities. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15500. [PMID: 37958483 PMCID: PMC10650903 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains one of the most challenging malignancies to treat, with a complex interplay of molecular pathways contributing to its aggressive nature. Galectin-1 (Gal-1), a member of the galectin family, has emerged as a pivotal player in the PDAC microenvironment, influencing various aspects from tumor growth and angiogenesis to immune modulation. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the multifaceted role of Galectin-1 in PDAC. We delve into its contributions to tumor stroma remodeling, angiogenesis, metabolic reprogramming, and potential implications for therapeutic interventions. The challenges associated with targeting Gal-1 are discussed, given its pleiotropic functions and complexities in different cellular conditions. Additionally, the promising prospects of Gal-1 inhibition, including the utilization of nanotechnology and theranostics, are highlighted. By integrating recent findings and shedding light on the intricacies of Gal-1's involvement in PDAC, this review aims to provide insights that could guide future research and therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Bogut
- City Medical Emergency Department, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Bojan Stojanovic
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (B.S.); (G.B.)
- Department of General Surgery, University Clinical Center Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia;
| | - Marina Jovanovic
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (M.J.); (V.M.)
| | | | - Nevena Gajovic
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia;
| | - Bojana S. Stojanovic
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia;
| | - Goran Balovic
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (B.S.); (G.B.)
| | - Milan Jovanovic
- Department of Abdominal Surgery, Military Medical Academy, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Aleksandar Lazovic
- Department of General Surgery, University Clinical Center Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia;
| | - Milos Mirovic
- Department of Surgery, General Hospital of Kotor, 85330 Kotor, Montenegro;
| | - Milena Jurisevic
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Ivan Jovanovic
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia;
| | - Violeta Mladenovic
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (M.J.); (V.M.)
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21
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Shang L, Zhong Y, Yao Y, Liu C, Wang L, Zhang W, Liu J, Wang X, Sun C. Subverted macrophages in the triple-negative breast cancer ecosystem. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 166:115414. [PMID: 37660651 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are the most critical effector cells of innate immunity and the most abundant tumor-infiltrating immune cells. They play a key role in the clearance of apoptotic bodies, regulation of inflammation, and tissue repair to maintain homeostasis in vivo. With the progression of triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC), TAMs are "subverted" from tumor-promoting immune cells to tumor-promoting immune suppressor cells, which play a significant role in tumor development and are considered potential targets for cancer therapy. Here, we explored how macrophages, as the most important part of the TNBC ecosystem, are "subverted" to drive cancer evolution and the uniqueness of TAMs in TNBC progression and metastasis. Similarly, we discuss the rationale and available evidence for TAMs as potential targets for TNBC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linxiao Shang
- School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264000, China
| | - Yuting Zhong
- College of First Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Yan Yao
- College of First Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Cun Liu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261000, China
| | - Lu Wang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Wenfeng Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao Special Administrative Region, Macau 999078, China
| | - Jingyang Liu
- College of First Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Xue Wang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Changgang Sun
- Department of Oncology, Weifang Traditional Chinese Hospital, Weifang 261000, China.
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22
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Lu C, Xue L, Luo K, Liu Y, Lai J, Yao X, Xue Y, Huo W, Meng C, Xia D, Gao X, Yuan Q, Cao K. Colon-Accumulated Gold Nanoclusters Alleviate Intestinal Inflammation and Prevent Secondary Colorectal Carcinogenesis via Nrf2-Dependent Macrophage Reprogramming. ACS NANO 2023; 17:18421-18432. [PMID: 37690027 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c06025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is one of the main factors leading to colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC). Therefore, it is critical to develop an effective treatment for IBD to prevent secondary colorectal carcinogenesis. M2 macrophages play crucial roles in the resolution phase of intestinal inflammation. However, traditional drugs rarely target intestinal M2 macrophages, and they are not easily cleared. Gold nanoclusters are known for their in vivo safety and intrinsic biomedical activities. In this study, a glutathione-protected gold nanocluster is synthesized and evaluated, namely, GA. Interestingly, GA specifically accumulates in the colon during IBD. Furthermore, GA not only promotes M2 differentiation of IL-4-treated peritoneal macrophages but also reprograms macrophage polarization from M1 to M2 in a pro-inflammatory environment. Mechanistically, this regulatory effect is exerted through activating the antioxidant Nrf2 signaling pathway, but not traditional STAT6. When applied in IBD mice, we found that GA elevates M2 macrophages and alleviates IBD in an Nrf2-dependent manner, evidenced by the abolished therapeutic effect upon Nrf2 inhibitor treatment. Most importantly, GA administration significantly suppresses AOM/DSS-induced CAC, without causing obvious tissue damage, providing critical evidence for the potential application of gold nanoclusters as nanomedicine for the treatment of IBD and CAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cao Lu
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Environment and Life Science, Center of Excellence for Environmental Safety and Biological Effects, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Liyuan Xue
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Environment and Life Science, Center of Excellence for Environmental Safety and Biological Effects, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Kaidi Luo
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Environment and Life Science, Center of Excellence for Environmental Safety and Biological Effects, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Environment and Life Science, Center of Excellence for Environmental Safety and Biological Effects, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Jing Lai
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Environment and Life Science, Center of Excellence for Environmental Safety and Biological Effects, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Xiuxiu Yao
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Environment and Life Science, Center of Excellence for Environmental Safety and Biological Effects, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Yilin Xue
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Environment and Life Science, Center of Excellence for Environmental Safety and Biological Effects, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Wendi Huo
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Environment and Life Science, Center of Excellence for Environmental Safety and Biological Effects, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Cong Meng
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Environment and Life Science, Center of Excellence for Environmental Safety and Biological Effects, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Dongfang Xia
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Shandong, Taian 271018, China
| | - Xueyun Gao
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Environment and Life Science, Center of Excellence for Environmental Safety and Biological Effects, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Qing Yuan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Environment and Life Science, Center of Excellence for Environmental Safety and Biological Effects, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Kai Cao
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Environment and Life Science, Center of Excellence for Environmental Safety and Biological Effects, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
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23
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Fernández-Regueras M, Carbonell C, Salete-Granado D, García JL, Gragera M, Pérez-Nieto MÁ, Morán-Plata FJ, Mayado A, Torres JL, Corchete LA, Usategui-Martín R, Bueno-Martínez E, Rojas-Pirela M, Sabio G, González-Sarmiento R, Orfao A, Laso FJ, Almeida J, Marcos M. Predominantly Pro-Inflammatory Phenotype with Mixed M1/M2 Polarization of Peripheral Blood Classical Monocytes and Monocyte-Derived Macrophages among Patients with Excessive Ethanol Intake. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1708. [PMID: 37760011 PMCID: PMC10525853 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12091708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Revised: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Excessive alcohol consumption impairs the immune system, induces oxidative stress, and triggers the activation of peripheral blood (PB) monocytes, thereby contributing to alcoholic liver disease (ALD). We analyzed the M1/M2 phenotypes of circulating classical monocytes and macrophage-derived monocytes (MDMs) in excessive alcohol drinkers (EADs). PB samples from 20 EADs and 22 healthy controls were collected for isolation of CD14+ monocytes and short-term culture with LPS/IFNγ, IL4/IL13, or without stimulation. These conditions were also used to polarize MDMs into M1, M2, or M0 phenotypes. Cytokine production was assessed in the blood and culture supernatants. M1/M2-related markers were analyzed using mRNA expression and surface marker detection. Additionally, the miRNA profile of CD14+ monocytes was analyzed. PB samples from EADs exhibited increased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Following short-term culture, unstimulated blood samples from EADs showed higher levels of soluble TNF-α and IL-8, whereas monocytes expressed increased levels of surface TNF-α and elevated mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and inducible nitric oxide synthase. MDMs from EADs showed higher levels of TNF-α and CD206 surface markers and increased IL-10 production. LPS/IFNγ induced higher mRNA expression of Nrf2 only in the controls. miRNA analysis revealed a distinctive miRNA profile that is potentially associated with liver carcinogenesis and ALD through inflammation and oxidative stress. This study confirms the predominantly pro-inflammatory profile of PB monocytes among EADs and suggests immune exhaustion features in MDMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Fernández-Regueras
- Hospital Universitario de Burgos, 09006 Burgos, Spain
- Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Cristina Carbonell
- Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Departamento de Medicina, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Daniel Salete-Granado
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Departamento de Medicina, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Juan-Luis García
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Departamento de Medicina, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Translational and Clinical Research Program, Centro de Investigación del Cáncer e Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer (IBMCC), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Marcos Gragera
- Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - María-Ángeles Pérez-Nieto
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Fundación Instituto de Estudios de Ciencias de la Salud de Castilla y León, 42002 Soria, Spain
| | - Francisco-Javier Morán-Plata
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Departamento de Medicina, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Translational and Clinical Research Program, Centro de Investigación del Cáncer e Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer (IBMCC), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Andrea Mayado
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Departamento de Medicina, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Translational and Clinical Research Program, Centro de Investigación del Cáncer e Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer (IBMCC), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre Consortium of Oncology (CIBERONC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jorge-Luis Torres
- Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Complejo Asistencial de Zamora, 49022 Zamora, Spain
| | - Luis-Antonio Corchete
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Translational and Clinical Research Program, Centro de Investigación del Cáncer e Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer (IBMCC), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Ricardo Usategui-Martín
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Elena Bueno-Martínez
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Departamento de Medicina, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Maura Rojas-Pirela
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Guadalupe Sabio
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rogelio González-Sarmiento
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Departamento de Medicina, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Alberto Orfao
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Departamento de Medicina, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Translational and Clinical Research Program, Centro de Investigación del Cáncer e Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer (IBMCC), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre Consortium of Oncology (CIBERONC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco-Javier Laso
- Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Departamento de Medicina, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Julia Almeida
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Departamento de Medicina, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Translational and Clinical Research Program, Centro de Investigación del Cáncer e Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer (IBMCC), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre Consortium of Oncology (CIBERONC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Marcos
- Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Departamento de Medicina, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
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24
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Kardooni A, Bahrampour A, Golmohammadi S, Jalili A, Alishahi MM. The Role of Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) in Pathogenesis of Cardiotoxicity: Diagnostic & Prognostic Approach. Mol Biotechnol 2023; 65:1403-1413. [PMID: 36847962 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-023-00697-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is one of the diseases, which it is not still completely curable; the existing treatments are associated with many complications, that double its complexity. One of the causes of cancer cell metastasis is Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition (EMT). Recently study demonstrated that EMT cause cardiotoxicity and heart diseases such as heart failure, hypertrophy and fibrosis. This study evaluated molecular and signaling pathway, which lead to cardiotoxicity via EMT. It was demonstrated that the processes of inflammation, oxidative stress and angiogenesis were involved in EMT and cardiotoxicity. The pathways related to these processes act as a double-edged sword. In relation to inflammation and oxidative stress, molecular pathways caused apoptosis of cardiomyocytes and cardiotoxicity induction. While the angiogenesis process inhibits cardiotoxicity despite the progression of EMT. On the other hand, some molecular pathways such as PI3K/mTOR despite causing the progression of EMT lead to the proliferation of cardiomyocytes and prevent cardiotoxicity. Therefore, it was concluded that the identification of molecular pathways can help in designing therapeutic and preventive strategies to increase patients' survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Kardooni
- Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Atherosclerosis Research Center, Golestan Hospital, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | | | - Somaye Golmohammadi
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arsalan Jalili
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACER, Tehran, Iran
- Parvaz Research Ideas Supporter Institute, Tehran, Iran
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25
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Yuan Y, Wu D, Li J, Huang D, Zhao Y, Gao T, Zhuang Z, Cui Y, Zheng DY, Tang Y. Mechanisms of tumor-associated macrophages affecting the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1217400. [PMID: 37663266 PMCID: PMC10470150 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1217400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are essential components of the immune cell stroma of hepatocellular carcinoma. TAMs originate from monocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells, peripheral blood monocytes, and kupffer cells. The recruitment of monocytes to the HCC tumor microenvironment is facilitated by various factors, leading to their differentiation into TAMs with unique phenotypes. TAMs can directly activate or inhibit the nuclear factor-κB, interleukin-6/signal transducer and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3, Wnt/β-catenin, transforming growth factor-β1/bone morphogenetic protein, and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 signaling pathways in tumor cells and interact with other immune cells via producing cytokines and extracellular vesicles, thus affecting carcinoma cell proliferation, invasive and migratory, angiogenesis, liver fibrosis progression, and other processes to participate in different stages of tumor progression. In recent years, TAMs have received much attention as a prospective treatment target for HCC. This review describes the origin and characteristics of TAMs and their mechanism of action in the occurrence and development of HCC to offer a theoretical foundation for further clinical research of TAMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Yuan
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Dailin Wu
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jing Li
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Dan Huang
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Tianqi Gao
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhenjie Zhuang
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ying Cui
- Department of Psychiatry, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Da-Yong Zheng
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Hepatology, TCM-Integrated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary, Cancer Center, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ying Tang
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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26
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Zhao J, Liu L, Zhao W, Lv C, Zhang N, Jia X, Zhang Z. miR-141-3p accelerates ovarian cancer progression and promotes M2-like macrophage polarization by targeting the Keap1-Nrf2 pathway. Open Med (Wars) 2023; 18:20230729. [PMID: 37333452 PMCID: PMC10276613 DOI: 10.1515/med-2023-0729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The miR-141-3p has been reported to participate in regulating autophagy and tumor-stroma interactions in ovarian cancer (OC). We aim to investigate whether miR-141-3p accelerates the progression of OC and its effect on macrophage 2 polarization by targeting the Kelch-like ECH-associated protein1-Nuclear factor E2-related factor2 (Keap1-Nrf2) pathway. SKOV3 and A2780 cells were transfected with miR-141-3p inhibitor and negative control to confirm the regulation of miR-141-3p on OC development. Moreover, the growth of tumors in xenograft nude mice treated by cells transfected with miR-141-3p inhibitor was established to further testify the role of miR-141-3p in OC. The expression of miR-141-3p was higher in OC tissue compared with non-cancerous tissue. Downregulation of miR-141-3p inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of ovarian cells. Furthermore, miR-141-3p inhibition also suppressed M2-like macrophage polarization and in vivo OC progression. Inhibition of miR-141-3p significantly enhanced the expression of Keap1, the target gene of miR-141-3p, and thus downregulated Nrf2, while activation of Nrf2 reversed the reduction in M2 polarization by miR-141-3p inhibitor. Collectively, miR-141-3p contributes to tumor progression, migration, and M2 polarization of OC by activating the Keap1-Nrf2 pathway. Inhibition of miR-141-3p attenuates the malignant biological behavior of ovarian cells by inactivating the Keap1-Nrf2 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyun Zhao
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050011, Hebei, China
| | - Leilei Liu
- Department of Obstetrics, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050011, Hebei, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Gynecology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050011, Hebei, China
| | - Cuiting Lv
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050011, Hebei, China
| | - Na Zhang
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050011, Hebei, China
| | - Xinzhuan Jia
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050011, Hebei, China
| | - Zhengmao Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 12 Jiankang Road, Shijiazhuang, 050011, Hebei, China
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27
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Yuan Y, Zuo M, Zhang S, Chen S, Feng W, Wang Z, Chen M, Liu Y. Impact of redox-related genes on tumor microenvironment immune characteristics and prognosis of high-grade gliomas. Front Cell Neurosci 2023; 17:1155982. [PMID: 37252189 PMCID: PMC10213429 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1155982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction High-grade glioma (HGG) defines a group of brain gliomas characterized by contrast enhancement, high tumor heterogeneity, and poor clinical outcome. Disturbed reduction-oxidation (redox) balance has been frequently associated with the development of tumor cells and their microenvironment (TME). Methods To study the influence of redox balance on HGGs and their microenvironment, we collected mRNA-sequencing and clinical data of HGG patients from TCGA and CGGA databases and our own cohort. Redox-related genes (ROGs) were defined as genes in the MSigDB pathways with keyword "redox" that were differentially expressed between HGGs and normal brain samples. Unsupervised clustering analysis was used to discover ROG expression clusters. Over-representation analysis (ORA), gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and gene set variation analysis (GSVA) were also employed to understand the biological implication of differentially expressed genes between HGG clusters. CIBERSORTx and ESTIMATE were used to profile the immune TME landscapes of tumors, and TIDE was used to evaluated the potential response to immune checkpoint inhibitors. Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) Cox regression was used to construct HGG-ROG expression risk signature (GRORS). Results Seventy-five ROGs were found and consensus clustering using the expression profile of ROGs divided the both IDH-mutant (IDHmut) and IDH-wildtype (IDHwt) HGGs into subclusters with different prognosis. Functional enrichment analysis revealed that the differential aggressiveness between redox subclusters in IDHmut HGGs were significantly associated with cell cycle regulation pathways, while IDHwt HGG redox subclusters showed differentially activated immune-related pathways. In silico TME analysis on immune landscapes in the TME showed that the more aggressive redox subclusters in both IDHmut and IDHwt HGGs may harbor a more diverse composition of tumor-infiltrating immune cells, expressed a higher level of immune checkpoints and were more likely to respond to immune checkpoint blockade. Next, we established a GRORS which showed AUCs of 0.787, 0.884, and 0.917 in predicting 1-3-year survival of HGG patients in the held-out validation datasets, and the C-index of a nomogram combining the GRORS and other prognostic information reached 0.835. Conclusion Briefly, our results suggest that the expression pattern of ROGs was closely associated with the prognosis as well as the TME immune profile of HGGs, and may serve as a potential indicator for their response to immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunbo Yuan
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mingrong Zuo
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shuxin Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Siliang Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wentao Feng
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhihao Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mina Chen
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanhui Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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28
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Deng Y, Fu Y, Chua SL, Khoo BL. Biofilm Potentiates Cancer-Promoting Effects of Tumor-Associated Macrophages in a 3D Multi-Faceted Tumor Model. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2205904. [PMID: 36748304 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202205904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 01/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Components of the tumor microenvironment (TME), such as tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), influence tumor progression. The specific polarization and phenotypic transition of TAMs in the tumor microenvironment lead to two-pronged impacts that can promote or hinder cancer development and treatment. Here, a novel microfluidic multi-faceted bladder tumor model (TAMPIEB ) is developed incorporating TAMs and cancer cells to evaluate the impact of bacterial distribution on immunomodulation within the tumor microenvironment in vivo. It is demonstrated for the first time that biofilm-induced inflammatory conditions within tumors promote the transition of macrophages from a pro-inflammatory M1-like to an anti-inflammatory/pro-tumor M2-like state. Consequently, multiple roles and mechanisms by which biofilms promote cancer by inducing pro-tumor phenotypic switch of TAMs are identified, including cancer hallmarks such as reducing susceptibility to apoptosis, enhancing cell viability, and promoting epithelial-mesenchymal transition and metastasis. Furthermore, biofilms formed by extratumoral bacteria can shield tumors from immune attack by TAMs, which can be visualized through various imaging assays in situ. The study sheds light on the underlying mechanism of biofilm-mediated inflammation on tumor progression and provides new insights into combined anti-biofilm therapy and immunotherapy strategies in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanlin Deng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Yatian Fu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
- Hong Kong Center for Cerebro-Cardiovascular Health Engineering (COCHE), Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Song Lin Chua
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, Kowloon, 999077, China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, Kowloon, 999077, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Food Biological Safety Control, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
- Research Centre for Deep Space Explorations (RCDSE), The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, Kowloon, 999077, China
| | - Bee Luan Khoo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
- Hong Kong Center for Cerebro-Cardiovascular Health Engineering (COCHE), Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
- Department of Precision Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technology, City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen-Futian Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518057, China
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29
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Shen Y, Chen JX, Li M, Xiang Z, Wu J, Wang YJ. Role of tumor-associated macrophages in common digestive system malignant tumors. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2023; 15:596-616. [PMID: 37123058 PMCID: PMC10134211 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v15.i4.596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Many digestive system malignant tumors are characterized by high incidence and mortality rate. Increasing evidence has revealed that the tumor microenvironment (TME) is involved in cancer initiation and tumor progression. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are a predominant constituent of the TME, and participate in the regulation of various biological behaviors and influence the prognosis of digestive system cancer. TAMs can be mainly classified into the antitumor M1 phenotype and protumor M2 phenotype. The latter especially are crucial drivers of tumor invasion, growth, angiogenesis, metastasis, immunosuppression, and resistance to therapy. TAMs are of importance in the occurrence, development, diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of common digestive system malignant tumors. In this review, we summarize the role of TAMs in common digestive system malignant tumors, including esophageal, gastric, colorectal, pancreatic and liver cancers. How TAMs promote the development of tumors, and how they act as potential therapeutic targets and their clinical applications are also described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Shen
- Department of Dermatology, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Suzhou 215008, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jia-Xi Chen
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Pathology, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Suzhou 215008, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ze Xiang
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jian Wu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Suzhou 215008, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yi-Jin Wang
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong Province, China
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Sha W, Zhao B, Wei H, Yang Y, Yin H, Gao J, Zhao W, Kong W, Ge G, Lei T. Astragalus polysaccharide ameliorates vascular endothelial dysfunction by stimulating macrophage M2 polarization via potentiating Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 112:154667. [PMID: 36842218 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxidative stress and chronic non-infectious inflammation caused vascular endothelial dysfunction (VED) is a critical and initiating factor in Type 2 diabetes induced vascular complications, while macrophage polarization plays a regulatory role in VED. Astragalus polysaccharide (APS) has been widely used for treating diabetic vascular diseases, but its mechanisms of action have not been fully elucidated. PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate the modulatory effects of APS on macrophage polarization and to reveal the potential mechanisms of APS in LPS and HG stimulated macrophages and diabetic model rats. METHODS In vitro and in vivo studies were used to explore the mechanism of APS. The macrophage polarization and reactive oxygen species (ROS) release was monitored by flow cytometry and the associated inflammatory factors were detected by ELISA. For oxidative stress regulatory pathway detection, protein expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) was measured by Western blotting. The vascular endothelial functions were measured by transwell, tube formation assay, scratch assay, adhesion assay. The thoracic aorta pathological changes were evaluated by Haematoxylin-eosin and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS In vitro, APS inhibited the LPS/HG-stimulated THP-1 macrophage differentiated into macrophage M1, coupling with reduction in the ROS production and pro-inflammatory factors (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-12) release. Furthermore, endothelial cells proliferation and apoptosis were ameliorated after APS treatment. Meanwhile, APS-treated THP-1/macrophage occurred a differentiation into M2 polarization and anti-inflammatory factors (IL-4, IL-10, and Arg-1) release via enhancing Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway, which could be disturbed by using siNrf2. APS promoted the migration and angiogenesis of endothelial cells in co-cultured of HUVECs and macrophages under high glucose. Finally, similar results were observed in vivo, APS alleviated thoracic aorta complications of diabetic rats accompanied by a remarkable reduction in inflammation and an increased in the number of anti-inflammatory macrophage polarization. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrated that APS ameliorated vascular endothelial dysfunction in diabetes by stimulating macrophage polarization to M2 via enhancing the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjun Sha
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Bei Zhao
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Huizhen Wei
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Yunyi Yang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Hongping Yin
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Jie Gao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Weiwei Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Wenwen Kong
- Shanghai Putuo Central School of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Guangbo Ge
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Tao Lei
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200062, China.
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Kim SJ, Surh YJ. The Multifaceted Roles for NRF2 in Regulating Tumor Development and Progression: An Update. Mol Cells 2023; 46:131-132. [PMID: 36994472 PMCID: PMC10070165 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2023.0044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Su-Jung Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Young-Joon Surh
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
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Feng J, Read OJ, Dinkova-Kostova AT. Nrf2 in TIME: The Emerging Role of Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-Related Factor 2 in the Tumor Immune Microenvironment. Mol Cells 2023; 46:142-152. [PMID: 36927604 PMCID: PMC10070167 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2023.2183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) mediates the cellular antioxidant response, allowing adaptation and survival under conditions of oxidative, electrophilic and inflammatory stress, and has a role in metabolism, inflammation and immunity. Activation of Nrf2 provides broad and long-lasting cytoprotection, and is often hijacked by cancer cells, allowing their survival under unfavorable conditions. Moreover, Nrf2 activation in established human tumors is associated with resistance to chemo-, radio-, and immunotherapies. In addition to cancer cells, Nrf2 activation can also occur in tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and facilitate an anti-inflammatory, immunosuppressive tumor immune microenvironment (TIME). Several cancer cell-derived metabolites, such as itaconate, L-kynurenine, lactic acid and hyaluronic acid, play an important role in modulating the TIME and tumor-TAMs crosstalk, and have been shown to activate Nrf2. The effects of Nrf2 in TIME are context-depended, and involve multiple mechanisms, including suppression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, increased expression of programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1), macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) and kynureninase, accelerated catabolism of cytotoxic labile heme, and facilitating the metabolic adaptation of TAMs. This understanding presents both challenges and opportunities for strategic targeting of Nrf2 in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialin Feng
- Division of Cellular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 9SY, UK
| | - Oliver J. Read
- Division of Cellular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 9SY, UK
| | - Albena T. Dinkova-Kostova
- Division of Cellular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 9SY, UK
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences and Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
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Li J, Dong T, Wu Z, Zhu D, Gu H. The effects of MYC on tumor immunity and immunotherapy. Cell Death Discov 2023; 9:103. [PMID: 36966168 PMCID: PMC10039951 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01403-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The oncogene MYC is dysregulated in a host of human cancers, and as an important point of convergence in multitudinous oncogenic signaling pathways, it plays a crucial role in tumor immune regulation in the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME). Specifically, MYC promotes the expression of immunosuppressive factors and inhibits the expression of immune activation regulators. Undoubtedly, a therapeutic strategy that targets MYC can initiate a new era of cancer treatment. In this review, we summarize the essential role of the MYC signaling pathway in tumor immunity and the development status of MYC-related therapies, including therapeutic strategies targeting MYC and combined MYC-based immunotherapy. These studies have reported extraordinary insights into the translational application of MYC in cancer treatment and are conducive to the emergence of more effective immunotherapies for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajin Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Second Clinical School of Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Tingyu Dong
- Department of Pediatrics, Second Clinical School of Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Zhen Wu
- Department of Clinical Medicine, First Clinical School of Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Dacheng Zhu
- Department of Clinical Medicine, First Clinical School of Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Hao Gu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
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Ruze R, Song J, Yin X, Chen Y, Xu R, Wang C, Zhao Y. Mechanisms of obesity- and diabetes mellitus-related pancreatic carcinogenesis: a comprehensive and systematic review. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:139. [PMID: 36964133 PMCID: PMC10039087 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01376-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Research on obesity- and diabetes mellitus (DM)-related carcinogenesis has expanded exponentially since these two diseases were recognized as important risk factors for cancers. The growing interest in this area is prominently actuated by the increasing obesity and DM prevalence, which is partially responsible for the slight but constant increase in pancreatic cancer (PC) occurrence. PC is a highly lethal malignancy characterized by its insidious symptoms, delayed diagnosis, and devastating prognosis. The intricate process of obesity and DM promoting pancreatic carcinogenesis involves their local impact on the pancreas and concurrent whole-body systemic changes that are suitable for cancer initiation. The main mechanisms involved in this process include the excessive accumulation of various nutrients and metabolites promoting carcinogenesis directly while also aggravating mutagenic and carcinogenic metabolic disorders by affecting multiple pathways. Detrimental alterations in gastrointestinal and sex hormone levels and microbiome dysfunction further compromise immunometabolic regulation and contribute to the establishment of an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) for carcinogenesis, which can be exacerbated by several crucial pathophysiological processes and TME components, such as autophagy, endoplasmic reticulum stress, oxidative stress, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and exosome secretion. This review provides a comprehensive and critical analysis of the immunometabolic mechanisms of obesity- and DM-related pancreatic carcinogenesis and dissects how metabolic disorders impair anticancer immunity and influence pathophysiological processes to favor cancer initiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rexiati Ruze
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100730, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Research in Pancreatic Tumors, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 100023, Beijing, China
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 9 Dongdan Santiao, Beijing, China
| | - Jianlu Song
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100730, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Research in Pancreatic Tumors, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 100023, Beijing, China
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 9 Dongdan Santiao, Beijing, China
| | - Xinpeng Yin
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100730, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Research in Pancreatic Tumors, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 100023, Beijing, China
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 9 Dongdan Santiao, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100730, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Research in Pancreatic Tumors, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 100023, Beijing, China
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 9 Dongdan Santiao, Beijing, China
| | - Ruiyuan Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100730, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Research in Pancreatic Tumors, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 100023, Beijing, China
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 9 Dongdan Santiao, Beijing, China
| | - Chengcheng Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100730, Beijing, China.
- Key Laboratory of Research in Pancreatic Tumors, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 100023, Beijing, China.
| | - Yupei Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100730, Beijing, China.
- Key Laboratory of Research in Pancreatic Tumors, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 100023, Beijing, China.
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Wang Z, Li J, Liu Z, Yue L. Nrf2 as a novel diagnostic biomarker for papillary thyroid carcinoma. Eur J Histochem 2023; 67. [PMID: 36951264 PMCID: PMC10080292 DOI: 10.4081/ejh.2023.3622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common thyroid malignancy. However, it is very difficult to distinguish PTC from benign carcinoma. Thus, specific diagnostic biomarkers are actively pursued. Previous studies observed that Nrf2 was highly expressed in PTC. Based on this research, we hypothesized that Nrf2 may serve as a novel specific diagnostic biomarker. A single-center retrospective study, including 60 patients with PTC and 60 patients with nodular goiter, who underwent thyroidectomy at the Central Theater General Hospital from 2018 to July 2020, was conducted. The clinical data of the patients were collected. Nrf2, BRAF V600E, CK-19, and Gal-3 proteins were compared from paraffin samples of the patients. Through this study, we obtained the following results: i) Nrf2 exhibits high abundance expression in PTC, but not in adjacent to PTC and nodular goiter; increased Nrf2 expression could serve as a valuable biomarker for PTC diagnosis; the sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of PTC were 96.70% and 89.40%, respectively. ii) Nrf2 also shows higher expression in PTC with lymph node metastasis, but not adjacent to PTC and nodular goiter, thus the increased Nrf2 expression might serve as a valuable predictor for lymph node metastasis in PTC patients; the sensitivity and specificity for the prediction in lymph node metastasis were 96.00% and 88.57%, respectively; excellent diagnostic agreements were found between Nrf2 and other routine parameters including HO-1, NQO1 and BRAF V600E. iii) The downstream molecular expression of Nrf2 including HO-1 and NQO1 consistently increased. In conclusion, Nrf2 displays a high abundance expression in human PTC, which leads to the higher expression of downstream transcriptional proteins: HO-1 and NQO1. Moreover, Nrf2 can be used as an extra biomarker for differential diagnosis of PTC and a predictive biomarker for lymph node metastasis of PTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyang Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, General Hospital of Central Theater Command, Wuhan.
| | - Jing Li
- Southern Medical University, Guangzhou.
| | - Ziwei Liu
- Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan.
| | - Ling Yue
- Department of Endocrinology, General Hospital of Central Theater Command, Wuhan; Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan.
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Tumor Vasculature as an Emerging Pharmacological Target to Promote Anti-Tumor Immunity. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054422. [PMID: 36901858 PMCID: PMC10002465 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor vasculature abnormality creates a microenvironment that is not suitable for anti-tumor immune response and thereby induces resistance to immunotherapy. Remodeling of dysfunctional tumor blood vessels by anti-angiogenic approaches, known as vascular normalization, reshapes the tumor microenvironment toward an immune-favorable one and improves the effectiveness of immunotherapy. The tumor vasculature serves as a potential pharmacological target with the capacity of promoting an anti-tumor immune response. In this review, the molecular mechanisms involved in tumor vascular microenvironment-modulated immune reactions are summarized. In addition, the evidence of pre-clinical and clinical studies for the combined targeting of pro-angiogenic signaling and immune checkpoint molecules with therapeutic potential are highlighted. The heterogeneity of endothelial cells in tumors that regulate tissue-specific immune responses is also discussed. The crosstalk between tumor endothelial cells and immune cells in individual tissues is postulated to have a unique molecular signature and may be considered as a potential target for the development of new immunotherapeutic approaches.
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Targeting tumor-associated macrophages in hepatocellular carcinoma: biology, strategy, and immunotherapy. Cell Death Discov 2023; 9:65. [PMID: 36792608 PMCID: PMC9931715 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01356-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), one of the most malignant tumors, is characterized by its stubborn immunosuppressive microenvironment. As one of the main members of the tumor microenvironment (TME) of HCC, tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) play a critical role in its occurrence and development, including stimulating angiogenesis, enhancing immunosuppression, and promoting the drug resistance and cancer metastasis. This review describes the origin as well as phenotypic heterogeneity of TAMs and their potential effects on the occurrence and development of HCC and also discusses about various adjuvant therapy based strategies that can be used for targeting TAMs. In addition, we have highlighted different treatment modalities for TAMs based on immunotherapy, including small molecular inhibitors, immune checkpoint inhibitors, antibodies, tumor vaccines, adoptive cellular immunotherapy, and nanocarriers for drug delivery, to explore novel combination therapies and provide feasible therapeutic options for clinically improving the prognosis and quality of life of HCC patients.
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Fan W, Xu H, Shen C, Fang J, Li X. Nrf2 orchestrates transition from acute to chronic otitis media through inflammatory macrophages. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1170388. [PMID: 37122744 PMCID: PMC10140394 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1170388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Acute and chronic otitis media (AOM and COM) are common middle ear infections that can lead to hearing loss and other complications. Recent research has shown that both macrophages and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway are involved in the immune response to and the resolution of otitis media. However, the specific effects of Nrf2 on macrophages in the transition of AOM to COM are not well understood, and a practical approach to prevent this transition by targeting Nrf2/macrophages has not been established. Methods In an AOM mouse model using lipopolysaccharide (LPS) injection into the middle ear, middle ear effusion (OME)-macrophages were isolated and analyzed for Nrf2 expression. M2-like polarization of macrophages was induced by Nrf2 activation and its effects on inflammatory resolution were studied by examining inflammatory neutrophils and macrophages, proinflammatory cytokines, and oxidative levels. The survival of human middle ear epithelial cells (HMMECs) co-cultured with Nrf2-modified macrophages was also evaluated. Furthermore, restoration of Nrf2 in macrophages with adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors was performed to determine the effect on the transition of AOM to COM in experimental mice. Results Reduced Nrf2 in OME-macrophages during the recovery phase was associated with uncured AOM or its development into COM, demonstrated by persistent increases in inflammatory neutrophils and macrophages, proinflammatory cytokines, and oxidative levels. Nrf2 activation induced M2-like polarization of macrophages, which improved the survival of co-cultured HMMECs treated with LPS in vitro. Restoration of Nrf2 in OME-derived low-Nrf2-expressing macrophages with AAV vectors significantly inhibited the transition of AOM to COM in experimental mice. Discussion Nrf2 in macrophages plays a critical role in the immune response to and resolution of otitis media Restoration of Nrf2 expression in OME-macrophages could be a promising therapeutic approach to prevent the development of COM in AOM patients.
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Zhou X, Liu Q, Wang X, Yao X, Zhang B, Wu J, Sun C. Exosomal ncRNAs facilitate interactive 'dialogue' between tumor cells and tumor-associated macrophages. Cancer Lett 2023; 552:215975. [PMID: 36306940 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2022.215975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
As a biological carrier, exosomes participate in the communication between various kinds of cells, and can mediate the interactive 'dialogue' between tumor cells and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). TAMs are the most abundant cell population in the tumor stroma and are an important part of the tumor immune microenvironment. Various stimulating factors in the tumor microenvironment influence the polarization of TAMs into multiple phenotypes, such as M1 and M2. It plays a dual role in tumor immunity by both promoting and inhibiting tumor growth. Exosome-encapsulated non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) participate in the interactive 'dialogue' between exosome-mediated TAMs and tumor cells. Tumor-derived exosomal ncRNAs can promote macrophage polarization, whereas exosomal ncRNAs derived from TAMs can affect tumor proliferation, metastasis, angiogenesis, and chemotherapy resistance. The present review summarizes the dual effects of exosomal ncRNAs on tumor cells and TAMs, and discusses the application of exosomal ncRNAs as a potential diagnostic or prognostic marker and drug delivery system, to provide a new perspective and potential therapeutic drugs on targeting exosomes and macrophages in the treatment of tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xintong Zhou
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Qi Liu
- College of First Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaomin Wang
- Department of Special Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaoyu Yao
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Baogang Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Jibiao Wu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Changgang Sun
- Department of Oncology, Weifang Traditional Chinese Hospital, Weifang, China; College of Chinese Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China.
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Xu K, Ma J, Hall SRR, Peng RW, Yang H, Yao F. Battles against aberrant KEAP1-NRF2 signaling in lung cancer: intertwined metabolic and immune networks. Theranostics 2023; 13:704-723. [PMID: 36632216 PMCID: PMC9830441 DOI: 10.7150/thno.80184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1/nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-like 2 (KEAP1/NRF2) pathway is well recognized as a key regulator of redox homeostasis, protecting cells from oxidative stress and xenobiotics under physiological circumstances. Cancer cells often hijack this pathway during initiation and progression, with aberrant KEAP1-NRF2 activity predominantly observed in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), suggesting that cell/tissue-of-origin is likely to influence the genetic selection during malignant transformation. Hyperactivation of NRF2 confers a multi-faceted role, and recently, increasing evidence shows that a close interplay between metabolic reprogramming and tumor immunity remodelling contributes to its aggressiveness, treatment resistance (radio-/chemo-/immune-therapy) and susceptibility to metastases. Here, we discuss in detail the special metabolic and immune fitness enabled by KEAP1-NRF2 aberration in NSCLC. Furthermore, we summarize the similarities and differences in the dysregulated KEAP1-NRF2 pathway between two major histo-subtypes of NSCLC, provide mechanistic insights on the poor response to immunotherapy despite their high immunogenicity, and outline evolving strategies to treat this recalcitrant cancer subset. Finally, we integrate bioinformatic analysis of publicly available datasets to illustrate the new partners/effectors in NRF2-addicted cancer cells, which may provide new insights into context-directed treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Xu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Ma
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Anhui Chest Hospital, Hefei, 230000, China
| | - Sean R. R. Hall
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University; Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ren-Wang Peng
- Division of General Thoracic Surgery, Department of BioMedical Research (DBMR), Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern; Bern, 3010, Switzerland
| | - Haitang Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, People's Republic of China.,✉ Corresponding author: Haitang Yang (, +86 18217015189), Feng Yao (, +86 13636354837), Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University. West Huaihai 241, 200030, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Yao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, People's Republic of China
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Xu H, Wu J, Zhang L, Li Y, Gao L, Cheng Y. The measurement of NRF2 and TP53 in blood expects radiotherapeutic sensitivity in patients with esophageal cancer. Mol Cell Probes 2022; 66:101860. [PMID: 36116599 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcp.2022.101860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study investigates the relationship between the mRNA expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) and Tumor protein p53 (TP53) in circulating tumor cells (CTC) and sensitivity to radiotherapy in patients with esophageal cancer. To investigate the relationship between cytokines IL-6, CD8+, and NRF2 during patient treatment and their predictive role for treatment. METHODS Radiosensitivity was assessed by measuring a morphological or functional change in the tumor in response to ionizing radiation. Fasting venous anticoagulated blood (EDTA anticoagulation) was drawn from patients, and the Trizol-chloroform two-step method was used for RNA extraction. Data were collected from 45 patients admitted with radiotherapy alone from January 2018 to December 2021. The expression levels of NRF2mRNA (Messenger Ribose Nucleic Acid) and TP53mRNA in CTCs were detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Pre- and post-treatment changes in IL-6 and CD8+ were recorded. The correlation between their expression level and the clinical stage, radiotherapy sensitivity, and efficacy of patients was analyzed. RESULTS Twenty-six cases were sensitive to radiotherapy, and 19 were resistant, for a radiotherapy sensitivity rate of 58.8%. NRF2mRNA and TP53mRNA values increased in 19 radiotherapy-resistant patients and decreased in 26 radiotherapy-sensitive patients compared with those before radiotherapy (P = 0.001, P<0.05). The ΔCT values of NRF2mRNA and TP53mRNA before treatment were moderately correlated with prognosis (P < 0.002). Inflammatory cytokine IL-6 was elevated in 22 of 45 patients after radiation, P = 0.04. NRF2 mRNA level was consistently elevated with CD8+ in 10 patients, P = 0.02. CONCLUSIONS The expression of NRF2mRNA and TP53mRNA in the CTCs found in the peripheral blood of patients with esophageal squamous carcinoma was significantly associated with the sensitivity to radiotherapy. NRF2 mRNA level was consistently elevated with CD8+ and IL-6 in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiqin Xu
- Radiotherapy Center, Qilu hospital of Shandong University, Jinan city, Shandong Province, 25000, China; Radiotherapy Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University (Xuzhou Mining Group General Hospital), Xuzhou City, Jiangsu Province, 221000, China.
| | - Jinchang Wu
- Radiotherapy Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University (Xuzhou Mining Group General Hospital), Xuzhou City, Jiangsu Province, 221000, China
| | - Lansheng Zhang
- Radiotherapy Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University (Xuzhou Mining Group General Hospital), Xuzhou City, Jiangsu Province, 221000, China
| | - Yang Li
- Radiotherapy Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University (Xuzhou Mining Group General Hospital), Xuzhou City, Jiangsu Province, 221000, China
| | - Liyan Gao
- Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou City, Jiangsu Province, 221000, China
| | - Yufeng Cheng
- Radiotherapy Center, Qilu hospital of Shandong University, Jinan city, Shandong Province, 25000, China.
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Wang J, Wang N, Zheng Z, Che Y, Suzuki M, Kano S, Lu J, Wang P, Sun Y, Homma A. Exosomal lncRNA HOTAIR induce macrophages to M2 polarization via PI3K/ p-AKT /AKT pathway and promote EMT and metastasis in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:1208. [PMID: 36424539 PMCID: PMC9686105 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-10210-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are a new way of the communication between the tumor cell and macrophage in the micro-environment. The macrophage can be induced to different phenotypes according to the different tumors. In the present study, long-chain noncoding RNA HOTAIR (lncRNA HOTAIR) was highly expressed in LSCC and exosomes. The pathway of exosomal lncRNA HOTAIR inducing macrophage to M2 polarization in the LSCC was investigated. The carcinoma tissues and adjacent tissues were collected from 104 LSCC cases, and the positive relationship between CD163-/CD206-M2 macrophage infiltration and clinical phase, lymph node spreading and pathological phase in LSCC was observed. To examine the role of exosomal lncRNA HOTAIR, macrophages were co-cultured with LSCC-exosomes of high lncRNA HOTAIR expression or transferred with HOTAIR mimics. It was suggested that exosomal lncRNA HOTAIR can induce macrophages to M2 polarization by PI3K/p-AKT/AKT signaling pathway. Furthermore, exo-treated M2 macrophages facilitate the migration, proliferation, and EMT of LSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingting Wang
- grid.412463.60000 0004 1762 6325Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Nan Wang
- grid.412463.60000 0004 1762 6325Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Zeyu Zheng
- grid.412463.60000 0004 1762 6325Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yanlu Che
- grid.412463.60000 0004 1762 6325Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Masanobu Suzuki
- grid.39158.360000 0001 2173 7691Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Kano
- grid.39158.360000 0001 2173 7691Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Jianguang Lu
- grid.412463.60000 0004 1762 6325Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Peng Wang
- grid.412463.60000 0004 1762 6325Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yanan Sun
- grid.412463.60000 0004 1762 6325Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Akihiro Homma
- grid.39158.360000 0001 2173 7691Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
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Chen S, Chen M. Schwann cells promote the migration and invasion of colorectal cancer cells via the activated NF-κB/IL-8 axis in the tumor microenvironment. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1026670. [PMID: 36465391 PMCID: PMC9714538 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1026670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 08/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence has shown neurons and glial cells were closely related to tumor progression. As the predominant glial cells in the external innervated nerves of the gastrointestinal, the role of Schwann cells (SCs) in colorectal cancer (CRC) has not been well explored. METHODS HCT-116 and HT-29 CRC cells were treated with conditioned medium (CM) from SCs, and the cells' proliferative and migrating capacities were examined. Cytokine array analysis was used to identify the tumor-promoting-cytokines from SCs-CM. Molecular changes from SCs after being co-cultured with tumor cells were detected by ELISA and reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. The activation of the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway in SCs was demonstrated by immunofluorescence staining. Neutralizing antibody was used to verify the tumor-promoting effects of key cytokine. RESULTS Migration and invasion of CRC cells were markedly aided by CM from SCs in vitro. Interleukin-8 (IL-8) was identified as an effective factor. SCs co-cultured with CRC cells upregulated IL-8 expression, which may be related to its activated NF-κB signaling pathway. Neutralization of IL-8 attenuated the tumor-promoting effect of SCs. CONCLUSION The present study identified a new mechanism of tumor-neuroglia interaction, enriching the concept of the tumor-neural axis in the tumor microenvironment of CRC, which also inspired potential targets for anti-cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhai Chen
- Department of Digestive and Transplant Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Mingyou Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Medicine and Health Key Laboratory of Cardiac Electrophysiology and Arrhythmia, Jinan, Shandong, China
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Jiang Z, Zhang W, Sha G, Wang D, Tang D. Galectins Are Central Mediators of Immune Escape in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14225475. [PMID: 36428567 PMCID: PMC9688059 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14225475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most lethal cancers and is highly immune tolerant. Although there is immune cell infiltration in PDAC tissues, most of the immune cells do not function properly and, therefore, the prognosis of PDAC is very poor. Galectins are carbohydrate-binding proteins that are intimately involved in the proliferation and metastasis of tumor cells and, in particular, play a crucial role in the immune evasion of tumor cells. Galectins induce abnormal functions and reduce numbers of tumor-associated macrophages (TAM), natural killer cells (NK), T cells and B cells. It further promotes fibrosis of tissues surrounding PDAC, enhances local cellular metabolism, and ultimately constructs tumor immune privileged areas to induce immune evasion behavior of tumor cells. Here, we summarize the respective mechanisms of action played by different Galectins in the process of immune escape from PDAC, focusing on the mechanism of action of Galectin-1. Galectins cause imbalance between tumor immunity and anti-tumor immunity by coordinating the function and number of immune cells, which leads to the development and progression of PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengting Jiang
- Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China
| | - Wenjie Zhang
- Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China
| | - Gengyu Sha
- Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China
| | - Daorong Wang
- Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China
- Department of General Surgery, Institute of General Surgery, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Northern Jiangsu People’s Hospital, Yangzhou 225000, China
| | - Dong Tang
- Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China
- Department of General Surgery, Institute of General Surgery, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Northern Jiangsu People’s Hospital, Yangzhou 225000, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-18952783556
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Hu Q, Wu G, Wang R, Ma H, Zhang Z, Xue Q. Cutting edges and therapeutic opportunities on tumor-associated macrophages in lung cancer. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1007812. [PMID: 36439090 PMCID: PMC9693759 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1007812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is a disease with remarkable heterogeneity. A deep understanding of the tumor microenvironment (TME) offers potential therapeutic strategies against this malignant disease. More and more attention has been paid to the roles of macrophages in the TME. This article briefly summarizes the origin of macrophages, the mutual regulation between anti-tumoral immunity and pro-tumoral statuses derived from macrophage polarization, and the therapeutic opportunities targeting alternately activated macrophages (AAM)-type macrophage polarization. Among them, cellular components including T cells, as well as acellular components represented by IL-4 and IL-13 are key regulators driving the polarization of AAM macrophages. Novel treatments targeting macrophage-associated mechanisms are mainly divided into small molecule inhibitors, monoclonal antibodies, and other therapies to re-acclimate AMM macrophages. Finally, we paid special attention to an immunosuppressive subgroup of macrophages with T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-3 (TIM-3) expression. Based on cellular interactions with cancer cells, TIM3+ macrophages facilitate the proliferation and progression of cancer cells, yet this process exposes targets blocking the ligand-receptor recognition. To sum up, this is a systematic review on the mechanism of tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) polarization, therapeutic strategies and the biological functions of Tim-3 positive macrophages that aims to provide new insights into the pathogenesis and treatment of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Hu
- Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
- Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Gujie Wu
- Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
- Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Runtian Wang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Huiyun Ma
- Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
- Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Zhouwei Zhang
- Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
- Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Qun Xue
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
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Lopez T, Wendremaire M, Lagarde J, Duquet O, Alibert L, Paquette B, Garrido C, Lirussi F. Wound Healing versus Metastasis: Role of Oxidative Stress. Biomedicines 2022; 10:2784. [PMID: 36359304 PMCID: PMC9687595 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10112784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Many signaling pathways, molecular and cellular actors which are critical for wound healing have been implicated in cancer metastasis. These two conditions are a complex succession of cellular biological events and accurate regulation of these events is essential. Apart from inflammation, macrophages-released ROS arise as major regulators of these processes. But, whatever the pathology concerned, oxidative stress is a complicated phenomenon to control and requires a finely tuned balance over the different stages and responding cells. This review provides an overview of the pivotal role of oxidative stress in both wound healing and metastasis, encompassing the contribution of macrophages. Indeed, macrophages are major ROS producers but also appear as their targets since ROS interfere with their differentiation and function. Elucidating ROS functions in wound healing and metastatic spread may allow the development of innovative therapeutic strategies involving redox modulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Lopez
- UMR 1231, Lipides Nutrition Cancer, INSERM, 21000 Dijon, France
- UFR des Sciences de Santé, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 25000 Besançon, France
| | - Maeva Wendremaire
- UMR 1231, Lipides Nutrition Cancer, INSERM, 21000 Dijon, France
- UFR des Sciences de Santé, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 25000 Besançon, France
| | - Jimmy Lagarde
- UMR 1231, Lipides Nutrition Cancer, INSERM, 21000 Dijon, France
- UFR des Sciences de Santé, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 25000 Besançon, France
| | - Oriane Duquet
- UFR des Sciences de Santé, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 25000 Besançon, France
- Plateforme PACE, Laboratoire de Pharmacologie-Toxicologie, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire Besançon, 25000 Besançon, France
| | - Line Alibert
- Service de Chirurgie, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire Besançon, 25000 Besançon, France
| | - Brice Paquette
- Service de Chirurgie, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire Besançon, 25000 Besançon, France
| | - Carmen Garrido
- UMR 1231, Lipides Nutrition Cancer, INSERM, 21000 Dijon, France
- UFR des Sciences de Santé, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 25000 Besançon, France
- Centre Georges François Leclerc, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Frédéric Lirussi
- UMR 1231, Lipides Nutrition Cancer, INSERM, 21000 Dijon, France
- UFR des Sciences de Santé, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 25000 Besançon, France
- Plateforme PACE, Laboratoire de Pharmacologie-Toxicologie, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire Besançon, 25000 Besançon, France
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Li X, Gulati M, Larson AC, Solheim JC, Jain M, Kumar S, Batra SK. Immune checkpoint blockade in pancreatic cancer: Trudging through the immune desert. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 86:14-27. [PMID: 36041672 PMCID: PMC9713834 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2022.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) has exceptionally high mortality due to ineffective treatment strategies. Immunotherapy, which mobilizes the immune system to fight against cancer, has been proven successful in multiple cancers; however, its application in PC has met with limited success. In this review, we articulated that the pancreatic tumor microenvironment is immuno-suppressive with extensive infiltration by M2-macrophages and myeloid-derived suppressive cells but low numbers of cytotoxic T-cells. In addition, low mutational load and poor antigen processing, presentation, and recognition contribute to the limited response to immunotherapy in PC. Immune checkpoints, the critical targets for immunotherapy, have high expression in PC and stromal cells, regulated by tumor microenvironmental milieu (cytokine and metabolites) and cell-intrinsic mechanisms (epigenetic regulation, oncogenic signaling, and post-translational modifications). Combining immunotherapy with modulators of the tumor microenvironment may facilitate the development of novel therapeutic regimens to manage PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqi Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Mansi Gulati
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Alaina C Larson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Joyce C Solheim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA; Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Maneesh Jain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA; Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.
| | - Sushil Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA; Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.
| | - Surinder K Batra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA; Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.
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Zhang Z, Hu Y, Chen Y, Chen Z, Zhu Y, Chen M, Xia J, Sun Y, Xu W. Immunometabolism in the tumor microenvironment and its related research progress. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1024789. [PMID: 36387147 PMCID: PMC9659971 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1024789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The tumor immune microenvironment has been a research hot spot in recent years. The cytokines and metabolites in the microenvironment can promote the occurrence and development of tumor in various ways and help tumor cells get rid of the surveillance of the immune system and complete immune escape. Many studies have shown that the existence of tumor microenvironment is an important reason for the failure of immunotherapy. The impact of the tumor microenvironment on tumor is a systematic study. The current research on this aspect may be only the tip of the iceberg, and a relative lack of integrity, may be related to the heterogeneity of tumor. This review mainly discusses the current status of glucose metabolism and lipid metabolism in the tumor microenvironment, including the phenotype of glucose metabolism and lipid metabolism in the microenvironment; the effects of these metabolic methods and their metabolites on three important immune cells Impact: regulatory T cells (Tregs), tumor-associated macrophages (TAM), natural killer cells (NK cells); and the impact of metabolism in the targeted microenvironment on immunotherapy. At the end of this article,the potential relationship between Ferroptosis and the tumor microenvironment in recent years is also briefly described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziheng Zhang
- Medical School, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, China
| | - Yajun Hu
- Medical School, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, China
| | - Yuefeng Chen
- Medical School, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, China
| | - Zhuoneng Chen
- Medical School, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, China
| | - Yexin Zhu
- Medical School, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, China
| | - Mingmin Chen
- Medical School, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, China
| | - Jichu Xia
- Medical School, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, China
| | - Yixuan Sun
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Diabetes and Angiopathy, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - Wenfang Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shaoxing University affiliated Hospital, Shaoxing, China
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Li H, Yuan Y, Chen H, Dai H, Li J. Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase mediates the therapeutic effects of adipose-derived stromal/stem cells in experimental periodontitis by modulating macrophages through the kynurenine-AhR-NRF2 pathway. Mol Metab 2022; 66:101617. [PMID: 36270612 PMCID: PMC9627099 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2022.101617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Mesenchymal stromal/stem cell (MSC)-based therapy has become a promising approach to periodontal tissue repair. Adipose-derived stromal/stem cells (ASCs), compared with other dental or non-dental MSCs, serve as promising candidates for MSC therapy due to non-invasive acquisition and abundant sources. This study aimed to explore the effects of ASC therapy in experimental periodontitis and the underlying mechanism. METHODS Micro-CT was performed to evaluate the alveolar bone parameters following local injection of ASCs. Immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence were employed to detect the expression of IL-1β, osteocalcin (OCN), nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (NRF2), and surface markers of macrophage polarization. Afterward, multiple reaction monitoring (MRM)-based targeted tryptophan metabolomic analysis was used to examine the ASC metabolites. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP)-qPCR assay was performed to investigate the direct binding of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and NRF2. RESULTS Alveolar bone loss was reduced, and the ratio of iNOS+/CD206+ macrophages was significantly decreased after ASC injection in the rat models of periodontitis. ASCs promoted NRF2 expression and activation in macrophages, while NRF2 silencing in macrophages blocked the regulation of ASCs on macrophages. Furthermore, the expression of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) of ASCs in the inflammatory condition was high. The inhibitor of IDO, 1-methyltryptophan (1-MT), impaired the therapeutic effects of ASCs in experimental periodontitis and regulation of macrophage polarization. Mechanistically, kynurenine (Kyn), a metabolite of ASCs catalyzed by IDO, activated AhR and enhanced its binding to the promoter of NRF2, which stimulated M2 macrophage polarization. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggested that ASCs can alleviate ligature-induced periodontitis through modulating macrophage polarization by the IDO-dependent Kyn-AhR-NRF2 pathway, uncovering a novel mechanism and providing a scientific basis for ASC-based therapy in experimental periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanyue Li
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401147, China,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401147, China,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401147, China
| | - Yu Yuan
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401147, China,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401147, China,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401147, China
| | - Hongying Chen
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401147, China,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401147, China,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401147, China
| | - Hongwei Dai
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401147, China,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401147, China,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401147, China,Corresponding author. College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, 426# Songshibei Road, Yubei District, Chongqing, 401147, PR China. Fax: +86 23 8886 0222.
| | - Jie Li
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401147, China,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401147, China,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401147, China,Corresponding author. College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, 426# Songshibei Road, Yubei District, Chongqing, 401147, PR China. Fax: +86 23 8886 0222.
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Liu L, Liu Y, Zhou X, Xu Z, Zhang Y, Ji L, Hong C, Li C. Analyzing the metabolic fate of oral administration drugs: A review and state-of-the-art roadmap. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:962718. [PMID: 36278150 PMCID: PMC9585159 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.962718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The key orally delivered drug metabolism processes are reviewed to aid the assessment of the current in vivo/vitro experimental systems applicability for evaluating drug metabolism and the interaction potential. Orally administration is the most commonly used state-of-the-art road for drug delivery due to its ease of administration, high patient compliance and cost-effectiveness. Roles of gut metabolic enzymes and microbiota in drug metabolism and absorption suggest that the gut is an important site for drug metabolism, while the liver has long been recognized as the principal organ responsible for drugs or other substances metabolism. In this contribution, we explore various experimental models from their development to the application for studying oral drugs metabolism of and summarized advantages and disadvantages. Undoubtedly, understanding the possible metabolic mechanism of drugs in vivo and evaluating the procedure with relevant models is of great significance for screening potential clinical drugs. With the increasing popularity and prevalence of orally delivered drugs, sophisticated experimental models with higher predictive capacity for the metabolism of oral drugs used in current preclinical studies will be needed. Collectively, the review seeks to provide a comprehensive roadmap for researchers in related fields.
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