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Yu YC, Lai TF, Lin CY, Hsueh MC, Liao Y, Yang LT, Chang SH. Associations of the audited residential neighborhood built-environment attributes with objectively-measured sedentary time among adults: a systematic review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2022:1-15. [PMID: 35255757 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2022.2048803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This study systematically reviewed the relevant studies and summarized the associations of objective measures of residential neighborhood built-environment attributes with sedentary time among adults. Published studies were obtained from PubMed and Scopus, restricting to those published in English language peer-reviewed journals to Oct. 2021. There were nine studies and 48 instances of estimated associations. Most instances showed no statistical-significant associations; by contrast, few instances showed that adults living in a neighborhood characterized by a high density of local destinations and connected intersections were associated with less sedentary time. The findings suggest that a high density of destinations and street intersections around residence may provide opportunities to transfer and access to services, thus reducing the sedentary time. Future research strengthening the research design and measurements are needed to investigate the potential explanations of the associations between residential neighborhood built environments and sedentary time in adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Chien Yu
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Fu Lai
- Department of Health Promotion and Health Education, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Yu Lin
- Graduate School of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, Japan
- Institute of Health Behaviors and Community Sciences, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chun Hsueh
- Graduate Institute of Sport Pedagogy, University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yung Liao
- Graduate Institute of Sport, Leisure and Hospitality Management, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Li-Ting Yang
- Harrah College of Hospitality, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV, USA
| | - Shao-Hsi Chang
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
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2
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Klicnik I, Cullen JD, Doiron D, Barakat C, Ardern C, Rudoler D, Dogra S. Leisure sedentary time and physical activity are higher in neighbourhoods with denser greenness and better built environments: An analysis of the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2021; 47:278-286. [PMID: 34748418 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2021-0438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Associations of environmental variables with physical activity and sedentary time using data from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging, and the Canadian Urban Environment Research Consortium (Canadian Active Living Environments (Can-ALE) dataset, and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI, greenness) dataset) were assessed. The main outcome variables were physical activity and sedentary time as measured by a modified version of the Physical Activity for Elderly Scale. The sample consisted of adults aged 45 and older (n = 36,580, mean age 62.6±10.2, 51% female). Adjusted ordinal regression models consistently demonstrated that those residing in neighbourhoods in the highest Can-ALE category (most well-connected built environment) reported more physical activity and sedentary time. For example, males aged 75+ in the highest Can-ALE category had 1.9 times higher odds of reporting more physical activity (OR = 1.9, 95%CI = 1.1-3.4) and 1.8 higher odds of reporting more sedentary time (OR = 1.8, 95%CI = 1.0-3.4). Neighbourhoods with higher greenness scores were also associated with higher odds of reporting more physical activity and sedentary time. It appears that an environment characterized by higher Can-ALE and higher greenness may facilitate physical activity, but it also facilitates more leisure sedentary time in older adults; research using device measured total sedentary time, and consideration of the types of sedentary activities being performed is needed. Novelty: ●Middle-aged and older adults living in neighbourhoods with higher Can-ALE scores and more greenness report more physical activity and leisure sedentary time ●Greenness is important for physical activity and sedentary time in middle-aged adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irmina Klicnik
- Ontario Tech University, 85458, Oshawa, Ontario, Canada, L1H 7K4;
| | | | - Dany Doiron
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, 507266, Montreal, Quebec, Canada;
| | | | - Chris Ardern
- York University, 7991, Toronto, Ontario, Canada;
| | - David Rudoler
- Ontario Tech University, 85458, Oshawa, Ontario, Canada;
| | - Shilpa Dogra
- Ontario Tech University, 85458, Oshawa, Ontario, Canada;
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Associations between neighbourhood built characteristics and sedentary behaviours among Canadian men and women: findings from Alberta's Tomorrow Project. Prev Med 2021; 150:106663. [PMID: 34087320 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2021.106663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Evidence of associations between neighbourhood built characteristics and sedentary behaviours is mixed. The study aim was to investigate the associations between objectively-derived neighbourhood built characteristics and self-reported sedentary behaviours among Canadian men and women. This study sourced survey data from Alberta's Tomorrow Project (2008; n = 14,785), in which sitting and motor vehicle travel times during the last 7 days was measured. Geographic Information System was used to calculate neighbourhood built characteristics within a 400 m buffer of participant's home and a walkability score was estimated. To estimate the associations between neighbourhood characteristics and sedentary behaviours, covariate-adjusted generalized linear regression models were used. Walkability, 3-way intersections, and population count were positively associated with sitting time. Business destinations and greenness were negatively associated with sitting time. Walkability, 3-way, and 4-way intersections were negatively associated with motor vehicle travel time. Sex-specific associations between neighbourhood characteristics and sedentary behaviour were found. Among men, business destinations were negatively associated with sitting time, and 3-way intersections, population count, and walkability were negatively associated with motor vehicle travel time. Among women, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index was negatively associated with sitting time. Interventions to reduce sedentary behaviours may need to target neighbourhoods that have built characteristics which might support these behaviours. More research is needed to disentangle the complex relationships between different neighbourhood built characteristics and specific types of sedentary behaviour.
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Associations Between Perceived Neighborhood Walkability and Device-Based Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior Patterns in Older Adults. J Aging Phys Act 2021; 30:98-106. [PMID: 34388701 DOI: 10.1123/japa.2020-0387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Neighborhood walkability has been associated with self-reported sedentary behavior (SB) and self-reported and objective physical activity. However, self-reported measures of SB are inaccurate and can lead to biased estimates, and few studies have examined how associations differ by gender and age. The authors examined the relationships between perceived neighborhood walkability measured with the Physical Activity Neighborhood Environment Scale (scored 1.0-4.0) and device-based SB and physical activity in a cohort of community-dwelling older adults (N = 1,077). The authors fit linear regression models adjusting for device wear time, demographics, self-rated health, and accounting for probability of participation. The Higher Physical Activity Neighborhood Environment Scale was associated with higher steps (+676 steps/point on the Physical Activity Neighborhood Environment Scale, p = .001) and sit-to-stand transitions (+2.4 transitions/point, p = .018). Though not statistically significant, stratified analyses suggest an attenuation of effect for those aged 85 years and older and for women. Consistent with previous literature, neighborhood walkability was associated with more steps, though not with physical activity time. The neighborhood environment may also influence SB.
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Florindo AA, Turrell G, Garcia LMT, Dos Anjos Souza Barbosa JP, Cruz MS, Failla MA, de Aguiar BS, Barrozo LV, Goldbaum M. Mix of destinations and sedentary behavior among Brazilian adults: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:347. [PMID: 33579233 PMCID: PMC7881484 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-020-10123-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Sedentary behavior is influenced by contextual, social, and individual factors, including the built environment. However, associations between the built environment and sitting time have not been extensively investigated in countries with economies in transition such as Brazil. The objective of this study is to examine the relationship between sitting-time and access to a mix of destinations for adults from Sao Paulo city, Brazil. Methods This study uses data from the Health Survey of Sao Paulo. Sedentary behavior was assessed by a questionnaire using two questions: total sitting time in minutes on a usual weekday; and on a usual weekend day. The mix of destinations was measured by summing the number of facilities (comprising bus stops, train/subway stations, parks, squares, public recreation centres, bike paths, primary health care units, supermarkets, food stores, bakeries, and coffee-shops) within 500 m of each participant’s residence. Minutes of sitting time in a typical weekday and weekend day were the outcomes and the mix of destinations score in 500 m buffers was the exposure variable. Associations between the mix of destinations and sitting time were examined using multilevel linear regression: these models accounted for clustering within census tracts and households and adjusted for environmental, sociodemographic, and health-related factors. Results After adjustment for covariates, the mix of destinations was inversely associated with minutes of sitting time on a weekday (β=− 8.8, p=0.001) and weekend day (β=− 6.1, p=0.022). People who lived in areas with a greater mix of destinations had shorter average sitting times. Conclusion Greater mix of destinations within 500 m of peoples’ residences was inversely associated with sitting time on a typical weekday and weekend day. In Latin American cities like Sao Paulo built environments more favorable for walking may contribute to reducing sedentary behavior and prevent associated chronic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Antonio Florindo
- School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities, University of Sao Paulo, Rua Arlindo Bettio, Sao Paulo, SP, 1000, Brazil. .,Graduate Program in Nutrition in Public Health, School of Public Health, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. .,Physical Activity Epidemiology Group, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Gavin Turrell
- Centre for Research and Action in Public Health, Health Research Institute, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australia
| | - Leandro Martin Totaro Garcia
- Physical Activity Epidemiology Group, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.,Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | | | - Michele Santos Cruz
- Graduate Program in Nutrition in Public Health, School of Public Health, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.,Physical Activity Epidemiology Group, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Antunes Failla
- Department of Epidemiology and Information, Municipal Government of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Breno Souza de Aguiar
- Department of Epidemiology and Information, Municipal Government of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ligia Vizeu Barrozo
- Department of Geography, School of Philosophy, Literature and Human Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Moises Goldbaum
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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Built environment correlates of objectively-measured sedentary behaviours in densely-populated areas. Health Place 2020; 66:102447. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2020.102447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Javanmardi M, Huang D, Dwivedi P, Khanna S, Brunisholz K, Whitaker R, Nguyen Q, Tasdizen T. Analyzing Associations Between Chronic Disease Prevalence and Neighborhood Quality Through Google Street View Images. IEEE ACCESS : PRACTICAL INNOVATIONS, OPEN SOLUTIONS 2019; 8:6407-6416. [PMID: 33777591 PMCID: PMC7996469 DOI: 10.1109/access.2019.2960010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Deep learning and, specifically, convoltional neural networks (CNN) represent a class of powerful models that facilitate the understanding of many problems in computer vision. When combined with a reasonable amount of data, CNNs can outperform traditional models for many tasks, including image classification. In this work, we utilize these powerful tools with imagery data collected through Google Street View images to perform virtual audits of neighborhood characteristics. We further investigate different architectures for chronic disease prevalence regression through networks that are applied to sets of images rather than single images. We show quantitative results and demonstrate that our proposed architectures outperform the traditional regression approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehran Javanmardi
- Scientific Computing and Imaging Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Dina Huang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Maryland, College Park, MD
| | - Pallavi Dwivedi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Maryland, College Park, MD
| | - Sahil Khanna
- Master's in Telecommunications Program, University of Maryland, College Park, MD
| | - Kim Brunisholz
- Healthcare Delivery Institute, Intermountain Healthcare, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Ross Whitaker
- Scientific Computing and Imaging Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Quynh Nguyen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Maryland, College Park, MD
| | - Tolga Tasdizen
- Scientific Computing and Imaging Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
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Ferrari GLDM, Kovalskys I, Fisberg M, Gómez G, Rigotti A, Sanabria LYC, García MCY, Torres RGP, Herrera-Cuenca M, Zimberg IZ, Guajardo V, Pratt M, Cristi-Montero C, Rodríguez-Rodríguez F, Scholes S, Celis-Morales CA, Chaput JP, Solé D. Socio-demographic patterning of objectively measured physical activity and sedentary behaviours in eight Latin American countries: Findings from the ELANS study. Eur J Sport Sci 2019; 20:670-681. [PMID: 31603392 DOI: 10.1080/17461391.2019.1678671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviours (SB) are two independent risk factors for non-communicable diseases. However, there is a lack of objectively measured information on PA and SB in low- and middle-income countries. The aim of this study was to use objective data to characterise socio-demographic patterns of PA and SB in eight Latin American countries. 2732 participants (aged 15-65 years) from the Latin American Study of Nutrition and Health (ELANS) were included. PA and SB data were collected using accelerometers. Overall and country-specific average levels of time spent in PA and SB were compared by sex, age, socioeconomic and education level. Overall, the mean time spent in SB was 571.6 min/day, ranging from 553.8 min/day in Chile to 596.7 min/day in Peru. Average levels of light, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and total PA were 311.1 min/day (95% CI: 307.7; 314.5), 34.9 min/day (95% CI: 34.0; 35.9) and 7531.2 MET-min/week (95% CI: 7450.4; 7611.9), respectively. MVPA and total PA were higher in men than women. The prevalence of physical inactivity was 40.6%, ranging from 26.9% (Chile) to 47% (Costa Rica and Venezuela). Women were more physically inactive than men (47.7% versus 33.0%). SB levels were highest among those with higher education; PA graded positively with socioeconomic level. Our findings can inform the planning of health policies and programmes designed to reduce levels of physical inactivity, as well as inform the local and cultural adaptation of these policies and programmes for implementation in Latin America. Highlights Worldwide studies of physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviours (SB) have historically under-represented Latin American countries due to the lack of surveillance data. Across eight Latin American countries, the ELANS study collected data on PA and SB using an objective method (accelerometers) which we have analysed to quantify and characterise socio-demographic patterns. Over four-in-ten participants were physically inactive (40.6%); with a gender gap (47.7% women; 33.0% men); and striking differences between countries (47% Costa Rica and Venezuela; 26.9% Chile). In all countries, levels of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) were lowest, and levels of SB were highest, among participants in the higher education groups. Our findings on the unequal distribution of PA and SB increases the evidence base and can help to inform future intervention strategies in Latin America.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerson Luis de Moraes Ferrari
- Centro de Investigación en Fisiologia del Ejercicio - CIFE, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile.,Departamento de Pediatria da Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Irina Kovalskys
- Commitee of Nutrition and Wellbeing, International Life Science Institute (ILSI-Argentina), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mauro Fisberg
- Departamento de Pediatria da Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Instituto Pensi, Fundação José Luiz Egydio Setubal, Hospital Infantil Sabará, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Georgina Gómez
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Escuela de Medicina, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Attilio Rigotti
- Centro de Nutrición Molecular y Enfermedades Crónicas, Departamento de Nutrición, Diabetes y Metabolismo, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica, Santiago, Chile
| | | | | | | | - Marianella Herrera-Cuenca
- Centro de Estudios del Desarrollo, Universidad Central de Venezuela (CENDES-UCV)/Fundación Bengoa, Caracas, Venezuela
| | - Ioná Zalcman Zimberg
- Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Viviana Guajardo
- Commitee of Nutrition and Wellbeing, International Life Science Institute (ILSI-Argentina), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Michael Pratt
- Institute for Public Health, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Carlos Cristi-Montero
- IRyS Group, Physical Education School, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | | | - Shaun Scholes
- Institute of Epidemiology and Health Care, University College London, London, UK
| | - Carlos A Celis-Morales
- Centro de Investigación en Fisiologia del Ejercicio - CIFE, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile.,British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Jean-Philippe Chaput
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity (HALO) Research Group, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Dirceu Solé
- Departamento de Pediatria da Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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- Centro de Investigación en Fisiologia del Ejercicio - CIFE, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
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Nicolson G, Hayes C, Darker C. Examining total and domain-specific sedentary behaviour using the socio-ecological model - a cross-sectional study of Irish adults. BMC Public Health 2019; 19:1155. [PMID: 31438911 PMCID: PMC6704626 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-019-7447-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sedentary behaviour (SB) has been linked with detrimental effects on morbidity and mortality. This study aims to identify the individual, social and environmental correlates of total sedentary behaviour and the contexts in which sitting time accumulates in an Irish adult cohort. METHODS Cross-sectional analysis of data from 7328 adults of the nationally representative Healthy Ireland Survey. Ordinal regression analyses were used to examine participants' socio-demographic characteristics, lifestyle factors, physical and mental health status, perceived neighbourhood environmental factors, and their association with total daily sitting times and sitting times across the domains of occupation, leisure screen-time and transportation/leisure. RESULTS Overall median of sitting time per day was 450 min (7.5 h). Male gender, and living in an urban location were associated with increased total-, occupational, and screen-time sitting (p < 0.001). Younger age was associated with increased total and occupational sitting times (p < 0.001), while being older was associated with increased screen-time and transportation/leisure sitting (p < 0.001). Insufficient physical activity levels were associated with increased sitting across all domains (p < 0.001). Higher socio-economic classification and education levels were associated with increased total, occupational, and transportation/leisure SB (p < 0.001), while lower socio-economic classification and education levels were associated with increased screen-time sitting (p < 0.001). Alcohol consumption was associated with screen-time and transportation/leisure sitting (p < 0.01), while smoking was associated with increased screen-time sitting (p < 0.001). Being married was associated with less screen-time (p < 0.001) and transportation/leisure sitting (p = 0.02), while those with a caring role had less total (p = 0.04) and screen-time sitting (p = 0.01). A significant negative association between neighbourhood attributes and total (p = 0.04), and transportation/leisure sitting times (p < 0.001) was found. CONCLUSION The results of this study provide a starting position for development of targeted interventions aimed at the most sedentary, such as males with sedentary occupations in higher socio-economic groups and education levels, those with insufficient levels of physical activity and who live in an urban location.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gail Nicolson
- Public Health & Primary Care, Trinity College Dublin, Institute of Population Health, Russell Centre, Tallaght Cross, D24 DH74 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Catherine Hayes
- Public Health & Primary Care, Trinity College Dublin, Institute of Population Health, Russell Centre, Tallaght Cross, D24 DH74 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Catherine Darker
- Public Health & Primary Care, Trinity College Dublin, Institute of Population Health, Russell Centre, Tallaght Cross, D24 DH74 Dublin, Ireland
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Neighborhood built environment associations with adolescents' location-specific sedentary and screen time. Health Place 2019; 56:147-154. [PMID: 30743089 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2019.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Revised: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Less is known about how neighborhood environments relate to sedentary time as compared to physical activity. This study examined relations of perceived and objective neighborhood environments with TV time, total screen time, total sedentary time, sedentary time at home, sedentary time in the home neighborhood, and time spent at home, in 524 12-16 year olds. Better perceived aesthetics and a perceived neighborhood environment index were related to less TV and screen time, and greater cul-de-sac density was related to less total and home sedentary time. Greater street connectivity, mixed land use, and an objective neighborhood environmental index were related to more total sedentary time. Findings suggest that some neighborhood environment attributes may not have the same potential influences on limiting sedentary time as they do for supporting physical activity.
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11
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de Groot R, Hoenink JC, Mackenbach JD, den Braver NR, Pinho MGM, Brassinga D, Prinsze FJ, Timmer TC, de Kort WLAM, Brug J, van den Hurk K, Lakerveld J. The association between population density and blood lipid levels in Dutch blood donors. Int J Health Geogr 2019; 18:3. [PMID: 30717744 PMCID: PMC6360723 DOI: 10.1186/s12942-019-0167-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In low and middle-income countries (LMIC), the total and LDL cholesterol and triglyceride levels of residents of urban areas are reported to be higher than those of rural areas. This may be due to differences in lifestyle behaviors between residents of urban areas and rural areas in LMIC. In this study, our aims were to (1) examine whether or not LDL cholesterol, total/HDL ratios and triglyceride levels of individuals in densely populated areas are higher than those of individuals living in less-densely populated areas in a high-income country (HIC) and (2) investigate the potential mediating roles of physical activity and sedentary behavior. METHODS We used cross-sectional data from 2547 Dutch blood donors that participated in Donor InSight-III. Linear regression was used to analyze the association between population density and LDL cholesterol, total/HDL cholesterol ratio and HDL cholesterol. The mediating roles of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and sedentary behavior were investigated in a subsample (n = 740) for which objectively measured MVPA/sedentary behavior data was available. Multiple mediation with linear regression analyses were performed and the product-of-coefficients method was used to calculate direct and indirect effects. RESULTS Mean LDL cholesterol and median total cholesterol/HDL cholesterol ratio and triglyceride levels were 2.89, 3.43 and 1.29 mmol/L, respectively. Population density was not associated with LDL cholesterol [β 0.00 (- 0.01; 0.01)], log transformed total/HDL cholesterol ratio [β 1.00 (1.00; 1.00)] and triglyceride levels [β 1.00 (0.99; 1.00)]. No statistically significant direct or indirect effects were found. CONCLUSION Contrary to previous findings in LMIC, no evidence was found that population density is associated with blood lipid levels in blood donors in the Netherlands or that MVPA and sedentary behavior mediate this association. This may be the result of socioeconomic differences and, in part, may be due to the good health of the study population and the relatively high population density in the Netherlands. Also, compared to LMIC, differences in physical activity levels in more versus less populated areas may be less pronounced in HIC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa de Groot
- Department of Donor Medicine - Donor Studies, Sanquin Research, Plesmanlaan 125, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, de Boelelaan 1089A, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jody C. Hoenink
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, de Boelelaan 1089A, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Joreintje D. Mackenbach
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, de Boelelaan 1089A, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nicole R. den Braver
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, de Boelelaan 1089A, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maria G. M. Pinho
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, de Boelelaan 1089A, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Darshan Brassinga
- Department of Donor Medicine - Donor Studies, Sanquin Research, Plesmanlaan 125, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Femmeke J. Prinsze
- Department of Donor Medicine - Donor Studies, Sanquin Research, Plesmanlaan 125, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tiffany C. Timmer
- Department of Donor Medicine - Donor Studies, Sanquin Research, Plesmanlaan 125, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC – Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Public Health, Academic Medical Center Amsterdam UMC – Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Wim L. A. M. de Kort
- Department of Donor Medicine - Donor Studies, Sanquin Research, Plesmanlaan 125, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Public Health, Academic Medical Center Amsterdam UMC – Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Johannes Brug
- Amsterdam School of Communication Research (ASCoR), University of Amsterdam, Nieuwe Achtergracht 166, 1018 WV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Katja van den Hurk
- Department of Donor Medicine - Donor Studies, Sanquin Research, Plesmanlaan 125, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Lakerveld
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, de Boelelaan 1089A, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Julius Centre for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Universiteitsweg 100, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Faculty of Geosciences, Utrecht University, Princetonlaan 8a, 3584 CB Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Owen N, Sugiyama T, Koohsari MJ, De Bourdeaudhuij I, Hadgraft N, Oyeyemi A, Aguinaga-Ontoso I, Mitáš J, Troelsen J, Davey R, Schofield G, Cain KL, Sarmiento OL, Reis R, Salvo D, Macfarlane DJ, Sallis JF, Cerin E. Associations of neighborhood environmental attributes with adults' objectively-assessed sedentary time: IPEN adult multi-country study. Prev Med 2018; 115:126-133. [PMID: 30145352 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2018.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2018] [Revised: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Neighborhood environmental attributes have been found to be associated with residents' time spent walking and in physical activity, in studies from single countries and in multiple-country investigations. There are, however, mixed findings on such environmental relationships with sedentary (sitting) time, which primarily have used evidence derived from single-country investigations with self-reported behavioral outcome measures. We examined potential relationships of neighborhood environmental attributes with objectively-assessed sedentary time using data from 5712 adults recruited from higher and lower socio-economic status neighborhoods in 12 sites in 10 countries, between 2002 and 2011. Ten perceived neighborhood attributes, derived from an internationally-validated scale, were assessed by questionnaire. Sedentary time was derived from hip-worn accelerometer data. Associations of individual environmental attributes and a composite environmental index with sedentary time were estimated using generalized additive mixed models. In fully adjusted models, higher street connectivity was significantly related to lower sedentary time. Residential density, pedestrian infrastructure and safety, and lack of barriers to walking were related to higher sedentary time. Aesthetics and safety from crime were related to less sedentary time in women only. The predicted difference in sedentary time between those with the minimum versus maximum composite environmental index values was 71 min/day. Overall, certain built environment attributes, including street connectivity, land use mix and aesthetics were found to be related to sedentary behavior in both expected and unexpected directions. Further research using context-specific measures of sedentary time is required to improve understanding of the potential role of built environment characteristics as influences on adults' sedentary behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neville Owen
- Behavioural Epidemiology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Takemi Sugiyama
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Mohammad Javad Koohsari
- Behavioural Epidemiology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Saitama, Japan
| | | | - Nyssa Hadgraft
- Behavioural Epidemiology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Adewale Oyeyemi
- Department of Physiotherapy, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Nigeria
| | | | - Josef Mitáš
- Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacký Universitsy, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Jens Troelsen
- Department of Sport Sciences and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Rachel Davey
- Centre for Research and Action in Public Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australia
| | - Grant Schofield
- Human Potential Centre, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Kelli L Cain
- Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of California, San Diego, USA
| | - Olga L Sarmiento
- Universidad de los Andes, Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Rodrigo Reis
- School of Health and Biosciences, Pontificia Universidade Catolica do Parana, Curitiba, Brazil; Division of Public Health Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, USA
| | - Deborah Salvo
- Washington University in St. Louis, Brown School, Prevention Research Center, St. Louis, Missouri, USA; Center for Nutrition and Health Research, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Duncan J Macfarlane
- Institute of Human Performance, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - James F Sallis
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of California, San Diego, USA
| | - Ester Cerin
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia
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