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Gao H, Chen N, Sun L, Sheng D, Zhong Y, Huang M, Yu C, Yang X, Hao Y, Chen S, Shao Z, Chen J. Time-programmed release of curcumin and Zn 2+ from multi-layered RSF coating modified PET graft for improvement of graft-host integration. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 272:132830. [PMID: 38825264 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
Artificial graft serves as the primary grafts used in the clinical management of sports-related injuries. Until now, optimizing its graft-host integration remains a great challenge due to the excessive inflammatory response during the inflammatory phase, coupled with an absence of tissue-inductive capacity during the regeneration phase. Here, a multi-layered regenerated silk fibroin (RSF) coating loaded with curcumin (Cur) and Zn2+ on the surface of the PET grafts (Cur@Zn2+@PET) was designed and fabricated for providing time-matched regulation specifically tailored to address issues arising at both inflammatory and regeneration phases, respectively. The release of Cur and Zn2+ from the Cur@Zn2+@PET followed a time-programmed pattern in vitro. Specifically, cellular assays revealed that Cur@Zn2+@PET initially released Cur during the inflammatory phase, thereby markedly inhibit the expression of inflammatory cytokines TNF-a and IL-1β. Meanwhile, a significant release of Zn2+ was major part during the regeneration phase, serving to induce the osteogenic differentiation of rBMSC. Furthermore, rat model of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) showed that through time-programmed drug release, Cur@Zn2+@PET could suppress the formation of fibrous interface (FI) caused by inflammatory response, combined with significant new bone (NB) formation during regeneration phase. Consequently, the implementation of the Cur@Zn2+@PET characterized by its time-programmed release patterns hold considerable promise for improving graft-host integration for sports-related injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Gao
- Sports Medicine Institute of Fudan University, Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Middle Wulumuqi Road, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Ni Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Luyi Sun
- Sports Medicine Institute of Fudan University, Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Middle Wulumuqi Road, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Dandan Sheng
- Sports Medicine Institute of Fudan University, Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Middle Wulumuqi Road, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Yuting Zhong
- Sports Medicine Institute of Fudan University, Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Middle Wulumuqi Road, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Mingru Huang
- Sports Medicine Institute of Fudan University, Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Middle Wulumuqi Road, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Chengxuan Yu
- Sports Medicine Institute of Fudan University, Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Middle Wulumuqi Road, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Xing Yang
- Department of orthopedics, Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou 215500, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuefeng Hao
- Department of orthopedics, Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou 215500, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shiyi Chen
- Sports Medicine Institute of Fudan University, Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Middle Wulumuqi Road, Shanghai 200040, China.
| | - Zhengzhong Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Jun Chen
- Sports Medicine Institute of Fudan University, Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Middle Wulumuqi Road, Shanghai 200040, China.
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Xie X, Xu J, Ding D, Lin J, Han K, Wang C, Wang F, Zhao J, Wang L. Janus Membranes Patch Achieves High-Quality Tendon Repair: Inhibiting Exogenous Healing and Promoting Endogenous Healing. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:4300-4309. [PMID: 38534038 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c00818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
The imbalance between endogenous and exogenous healing is the fundamental reason for the poor tendon healing. In this study, a Janus patch was developed to promote endogenous healing and inhibit exogenous healing, leading to improved tendon repair. The upper layer of the patch is a poly(dl-lactide-co-glycolide)/polycaprolactone (PLGA/PCL) nanomembrane (PMCP-NM) modified with poly(2-methylacryloxyethyl phosphocholine) (PMPC), which created a lubricated and antifouling surface, preventing cell invasion and mechanical activation. The lower layer is a PLGA/PCL fiber membrane loaded with fibrin (Fb) (Fb-NM), serving as a temporary chemotactic scaffold to regulate the regenerative microenvironment. In vitro, the Janus patch effectively reduced 92.41% cell adhesion and 79.89% motion friction. In vivo, the patch inhibited tendon adhesion through the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway and promoted tendon maturation. This Janus patch is expected to provide a practical basis and theoretical guidance for high-quality soft tissue repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Xie
- Key Laboratory of Textile Science & Technology of Ministry of Education College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Junjie Xu
- Department of Sports Medicine, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Danzhi Ding
- Key Laboratory of Textile Science & Technology of Ministry of Education College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Jing Lin
- Key Laboratory of Textile Science & Technology of Ministry of Education College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Kang Han
- Department of Sports Medicine, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Chaorong Wang
- Shanghai Frontier Science Research Center for Advanced Textiles, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Fujun Wang
- Shanghai Frontier Science Research Center for Advanced Textiles, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Jinzhong Zhao
- Department of Sports Medicine, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Textile Science & Technology of Ministry of Education College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
- Shanghai Frontier Science Research Center for Advanced Textiles, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
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Tu J, Jiang F, Fang J, Xu L, Zeng Z, Zhang X, Ba L, Liu H, Lin F. Anticipation and Verification of Dendrobium-Derived Nanovesicles for Skin Wound Healing Targets, Predicated Upon Immune Infiltration and Senescence. Int J Nanomedicine 2024; 19:1629-1644. [PMID: 38406605 PMCID: PMC10893893 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s438398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Dendrobium, with profound botanical importance, reveals a rich composition of bioactive compounds, including polysaccharides, flavonoids, alkaloids, and diverse amino acids, holding promise for skin regeneration. However, the precise mechanism remains elusive. Seeking a potent natural remedy for wound healing, exocyst vesicles were successfully isolated from Dendrobium. Aims of the Study This investigation aimed to employ bioinformatics and in vivo experiments to elucidate target genes of Dendrobium-derived nanovesicles in skin wound healing, focusing on immune infiltration and senescence characteristics. Materials and Methods C57 mice experienced facilitated wound healing through Dendrobium-derived nanovesicles (DDNVs). Bioinformatics analysis and GEO database mining identified crucial genes by intersecting immune-related, senescence-related, and PANoptosis-associated genes. The identified genes underwent in vivo validation. Results DDNVs remarkably accelerated skin wound healing in C57 mice. Bioinformatics analysis revealed abnormal expression patterns of immune-related, senescence-related, and pan-apoptosis-related genes, highlighting an overexpressed IL-1β and downregulated IL-18 in the model group, Exploration of signaling pathways included IL-17, NF-kappa B, NOD-like receptor, and Toll-like receptor pathways. In vivo experiments confirmed DDNVs' efficacy in suppressing IL-1β expression, enhancing wound healing. Conclusion Plant-derived nanovesicles (PDNV) emerged as a natural, reliable, and productive approach to wound healing. DDNVs uptake by mouse skin tissues, labeled with a fluorescent dye, led to enhanced wound healing in C57 mice. Notably, IL-1β overexpression in immune cells and genes played a key role. DDNVs intervention effectively suppressed IL-1β expression, accelerating skin wound tissue repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Tu
- Department of Nursing, Seventh Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518100, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Cardiovascular, Shenzhen Bao’an Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518100, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Nursing, Shenzhen Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518100, People’s Republic of China
| | - Feng Jiang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jieni Fang
- Department of Cardiovascular, Shenzhen Bao’an Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518100, People’s Republic of China
| | - Luhua Xu
- Department of Cardiovascular, Shenzhen Bao’an Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518100, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhicong Zeng
- Department of Cardiovascular, Shenzhen Bao’an Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518100, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuanyue Zhang
- Department of Nursing, Seventh Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518100, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Ba
- Department of Nursing, Seventh Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518100, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hanjiao Liu
- Department of Nursing, Seventh Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518100, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Nursing, Shenzhen Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518100, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fengxia Lin
- Department of Cardiovascular, Shenzhen Bao’an Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518100, People’s Republic of China
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Miron RJ, Estrin NE, Sculean A, Zhang Y. Understanding exosomes: Part 2-Emerging leaders in regenerative medicine. Periodontol 2000 2024; 94:257-414. [PMID: 38591622 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Exosomes are the smallest subset of extracellular signaling vesicles secreted by most cells with the ability to communicate with other tissues and cell types over long distances. Their use in regenerative medicine has gained tremendous momentum recently due to their ability to be utilized as therapeutic options for a wide array of diseases/conditions. Over 5000 publications are currently being published yearly on this topic, and this number is only expected to dramatically increase as novel therapeutic strategies continue to be developed. Today exosomes have been applied in numerous contexts including neurodegenerative disorders (Alzheimer's disease, central nervous system, depression, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, post-traumatic stress disorders, traumatic brain injury, peripheral nerve injury), damaged organs (heart, kidney, liver, stroke, myocardial infarctions, myocardial infarctions, ovaries), degenerative processes (atherosclerosis, diabetes, hematology disorders, musculoskeletal degeneration, osteoradionecrosis, respiratory disease), infectious diseases (COVID-19, hepatitis), regenerative procedures (antiaging, bone regeneration, cartilage/joint regeneration, osteoarthritis, cutaneous wounds, dental regeneration, dermatology/skin regeneration, erectile dysfunction, hair regrowth, intervertebral disc repair, spinal cord injury, vascular regeneration), and cancer therapy (breast, colorectal, gastric cancer and osteosarcomas), immune function (allergy, autoimmune disorders, immune regulation, inflammatory diseases, lupus, rheumatoid arthritis). This scoping review is a first of its kind aimed at summarizing the extensive regenerative potential of exosomes over a broad range of diseases and disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard J Miron
- Department of Periodontology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Nathan E Estrin
- Advanced PRF Education, Venice, Florida, USA
- School of Dental Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, Florida, USA
| | - Anton Sculean
- Department of Periodontology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Yufeng Zhang
- Department of Oral Implantology, University of Wuhan, Wuhan, China
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Mao XF, Zhang XQ, Yao ZY, Mao HJ. Advances in mesenchymal stem cells therapy for tendinopathies. Chin J Traumatol 2024; 27:11-17. [PMID: 38052701 PMCID: PMC10859297 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjtee.2023.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Tendinopathies are chronic diseases of an unknown etiology and associated with inflammation. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have emerged as a viable therapeutic option to combat the pathological progression of tendinopathies, not only because of their potential for multidirectional differentiation and self-renewal, but also their excellent immunomodulatory properties. The immunomodulatory effects of MSCs are increasingly being recognized as playing a crucial role in the treatment of tendinopathies, with MSCs being pivotal in regulating the inflammatory microenvironment by modulating the immune response, ultimately contributing to improved tissue repair. This review will discuss the current knowledge regarding the application of MSCs in tendinopathy treatments through the modulation of the immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu-Feng Mao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315010, Zhejiang province, China
| | - Xi-Qian Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315010, Zhejiang province, China
| | - Zhe-Yu Yao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315010, Zhejiang province, China
| | - Hai-Jiao Mao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315010, Zhejiang province, China.
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Zhang Y, Ju W, Zhang H, Mengyun L, Shen W, Chen X. Mechanisms and therapeutic prospects of mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosomes for tendinopathy. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:307. [PMID: 37880763 PMCID: PMC10601253 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03431-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Tendinopathy is a debilitating and crippling syndrome resulting from the degeneration of tendon tissue, leading to loss of mechanical properties and function, and eventual tendon rupture. Unfortunately, there is currently no treatment for tendinopathy that can prevent or delay its progression. Exosomes are small extracellular vesicles that transport bioactive substances produced by cells, such as proteins, lipids, mRNAs, non-coding RNAs, and DNA. They can generate by mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) throughout the body and play a role in intercellular communication and regulation of homeostasis. Recent research suggests that MSCs-derived exosomes (MSCs-exos) may serve as useful therapeutic candidates for promoting tendon healing. This review focuses on the function and mechanisms of MSCs-exos in tendinopathy treatment and discusses their potential application for treating this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxiang Zhang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine and Department of Orthopedic Surgery of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wei Ju
- Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine and Department of Orthopedic Surgery of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Sports Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- China Orthopedic Regenerative Medicine Group (CORMed), Hangzhou, China
| | - Liu Mengyun
- Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Sports Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Dr. Li Dak Sum-Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine and Department of Orthopedic Surgery of The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weiliang Shen
- Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
- Department of Sports Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
- China Orthopedic Regenerative Medicine Group (CORMed), Hangzhou, China.
- Dr. Li Dak Sum-Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine and Department of Orthopedic Surgery of The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Xiao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
- Department of Sports Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
- China Orthopedic Regenerative Medicine Group (CORMed), Hangzhou, China.
- Dr. Li Dak Sum-Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine and Department of Orthopedic Surgery of The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
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Rong X, Tang Y, Cao S, Xiao S, Wang H, Zhu B, Huang S, Adeli M, Rodriguez RD, Cheng C, Ma L, Qiu L. An Extracellular Vesicle-Cloaked Multifaceted Biocatalyst for Ultrasound-Augmented Tendon Matrix Reconstruction and Immune Microenvironment Regulation. ACS NANO 2023; 17:16501-16516. [PMID: 37616178 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c00911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
The healing of tendon injury is often hindered by peritendinous adhesion and poor regeneration caused by the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), development of inflammatory responses, and the deposition of type-III collagen. Herein, an extracellular vesicles (EVs)-cloaked enzymatic nanohybrid (ENEV) was constructed to serve as a multifaceted biocatalyst for ultrasound (US)-augmented tendon matrix reconstruction and immune microenvironment regulation. The ENEV-based biocatalyst exhibits integrated merits for treating tendon injury, including the efficient catalase-mimetic scavenging of ROS in the injured tissue, sustainable release of Zn2+ ions, cellular uptake augmented by US, and immunoregulation induced by EVs. Our study suggests that ENEVs can promote tenocyte proliferation and type-I collagen synthesis at an early stage by protecting tenocytes from ROS attack. The ENEVs also prompted efficient immune regulation, as the polarization of macrophages (Mφ) was reversed from M1φ to M2φ. In a rat Achilles tendon defect model, the ENEVs combined with US treatment significantly promoted functional recovery and matrix reconstruction, restored tendon morphology, suppressed intratendinous scarring, and inhibited peritendinous adhesion. Overall, this study offers an efficient nanomedicine for US-augmented tendon regeneration with improved healing outcomes and provides an alternative strategy to design multifaceted artificial biocatalysts for synergetic tissue regenerative therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Rong
- Department of Ultrasound, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Med-X Center for Materials, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yuanjiao Tang
- Department of Ultrasound, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Med-X Center for Materials, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Sujiao Cao
- Department of Ultrasound, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Med-X Center for Materials, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Sutong Xiao
- Department of Ultrasound, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Med-X Center for Materials, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Haonan Wang
- Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Bihui Zhu
- Department of Ultrasound, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Med-X Center for Materials, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Songya Huang
- Department of Ultrasound, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Med-X Center for Materials, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Mohsen Adeli
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Lorestan University, Khorramabad 6815144316, Iran
| | - Raul D Rodriguez
- Tomsk Polytechnic University, Lenina Avenue 30, 634034, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Chong Cheng
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Lang Ma
- Department of Ultrasound, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Med-X Center for Materials, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Li Qiu
- Department of Ultrasound, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Med-X Center for Materials, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
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Soukup R, Gerner I, Mohr T, Gueltekin S, Grillari J, Jenner F. Mesenchymal Stem Cell Conditioned Medium Modulates Inflammation in Tenocytes: Complete Conditioned Medium Has Superior Therapeutic Efficacy than Its Extracellular Vesicle Fraction. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10857. [PMID: 37446034 PMCID: PMC10342101 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Tendinopathy, a prevalent overuse injury, lacks effective treatment options, leading to a significant impact on quality of life and socioeconomic burden. Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) and their secretome, including conditioned medium (CM) and extracellular vesicles (EVs), have shown promise in tissue regeneration and immunomodulation. However, it remains unclear which components of the secretome contribute to their therapeutic effects. This study aimed to compare the efficacy of CM, EVs, and the soluble protein fraction (PF) in treating inflamed tenocytes. CM exhibited the highest protein and particle concentrations, followed by PF and EVs. Inflammation significantly altered gene expression in tenocytes, with CM showing the most distinct separation from the inflamed control group. Treatment with CM resulted in the most significant differential gene expression, with both upregulated and downregulated genes related to inflammation and tissue regeneration. EV treatment also demonstrated a therapeutic effect, albeit to a lesser extent. These findings suggest that CM holds superior therapeutic efficacy compared with its EV fraction alone, emphasizing the importance of the complete secretome in tendon injury treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Soukup
- VETERM, Equine Surgery Unit, Department for Companion Animals and Horses, Vetmeduni, 1210 Vienna, Austria (I.G.)
| | - Iris Gerner
- VETERM, Equine Surgery Unit, Department for Companion Animals and Horses, Vetmeduni, 1210 Vienna, Austria (I.G.)
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, 1200 Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Mohr
- Science Consult DI Thomas Mohr KG, 2353 Guntramsdorf, Austria
- Center for Cancer Research, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Sinan Gueltekin
- VETERM, Equine Surgery Unit, Department for Companion Animals and Horses, Vetmeduni, 1210 Vienna, Austria (I.G.)
| | - Johannes Grillari
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, 1200 Vienna, Austria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology, The Research Center in Cooperation with AUVA, 1200 Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Florien Jenner
- VETERM, Equine Surgery Unit, Department for Companion Animals and Horses, Vetmeduni, 1210 Vienna, Austria (I.G.)
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, 1200 Vienna, Austria
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9
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Wei J, Ou Z, Tong B, Liao Z, Yang C. Engineered extracellular vesicles as therapeutics of degenerative orthopedic diseases. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1162263. [PMID: 37362216 PMCID: PMC10289007 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1162263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Degenerative orthopedic diseases, as a global public health problem, have made serious negative impact on patients' quality of life and socio-economic burden. Traditional treatments, including chemical drugs and surgical treatments, have obvious side effects and unsatisfactory efficacy. Therefore, biological therapy has become the focus of researches on degenerative orthopedic diseases. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), with superior properties of immunoregulatory, growth support, and drug delivery capabilities, have emerged as a new cell-free strategy for the treatment of many diseases, including degenerative orthopedic diseases. An increasing number of studies have shown that EVs can be engineered through cargo loading, surface modification, and chemical synthesis to improve efficiency, specificity, and safety. Herein, a comprehensive overview of recent advances in engineering strategies and applications of engineered EVs as well as related researches in degenerative orthopedic diseases, including osteoarthritis (OA), osteoporosis (OP), intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) and osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH), is provided. In addition, we analyze the potential and challenges of applying engineered EVs to clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Cao Yang
- *Correspondence: Zhiwei Liao, ; Cao Yang,
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10
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Zou M, Wang J, Shao Z. Therapeutic Potential of Exosomes in Tendon and Tendon-Bone Healing: A Systematic Review of Preclinical Studies. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:299. [PMID: 37367263 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14060299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Exosomes have been proven to play a positive role in tendon and tendon-bone healing. Here, we systematically review the literature to evaluate the efficacy of exosomes in tendon and tendon-bone healing. Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, a systematic and comprehensive review of the literature was performed on 21 January 2023. The electronic databases searched included Medline (through PubMed), Web of Science, Embase, Scopus, Cochrane Library and Ovid. In the end, a total of 1794 articles were systematically reviewed. Furthermore, a "snowball" search was also carried out. Finally, forty-six studies were included for analysis, with the total sample size being 1481 rats, 416 mice, 330 rabbits, 48 dogs, and 12 sheep. In these studies, exosomes promoted tendon and tendon-bone healing and displayed improved histological, biomechanical and morphological outcomes. Some studies also suggested the mechanism of exosomes in promoting tendon and tendon-bone healing, mainly through the following aspects: (1) suppressing inflammatory response and regulating macrophage polarization; (2) regulating gene expression, reshaping cell microenvironment and reconstructing extracellular matrix; (3) promoting angiogenesis. The risk of bias in the included studies was low on the whole. This systematic review provides evidence of the positive effect of exosomes on tendon and tendon-bone healing in preclinical studies. The unclear-to-low risk of bias highlights the significance of standardization of outcome reporting. It should be noted that the most suitable source, isolation methods, concentration and administration frequency of exosomes are still unknown. Additionally, few studies have used large animals as subjects. Further studies may be required on comparing the safety and efficacy of different treatment parameters in large animal models, which would be conducive to the design of clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingrui Zou
- Department of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Institute of Sports Medicine of Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries, Engineering Research Center of Sports Trauma Treatment Technology and Devices, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jingzhou Wang
- Department of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Institute of Sports Medicine of Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries, Engineering Research Center of Sports Trauma Treatment Technology and Devices, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zhenxing Shao
- Department of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Institute of Sports Medicine of Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries, Engineering Research Center of Sports Trauma Treatment Technology and Devices, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China
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11
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Ke X, Zhang W. Pro-inflammatory activity of long noncoding RNA FOXD2-AS1 in Achilles tendinopathy. J Orthop Surg Res 2023; 18:361. [PMID: 37194076 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-023-03681-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Achilles tendinopathy is a prevalent clinical problem that plagues athletes and general populations. Achilles tendon healing is a complex process, and so far, there is no successful long-term solution to Achilles tendinopathy in the field of microsurgery due to its poor natural regeneration ability. Limitations in understanding the pathogenesis of Achilles tendon development and Achilles tendon injury hinder clinical treatment developments. There is an increasing demand for innovative conservative treatments that can improve Achilles tendon injury. In this study, a Sprague-Dawley rat model of Achilles tendinopathy was established. Lentiviral vectors that interfere with the expression of FOXD2-AS1, miR-21-3p, or PTEN were injected every 3 days. Rats were euthanized after 3 weeks, and the effect of FOXD2-AS1, miR-21-3p, or PTEN on Achilles tendon healing was analyzed by histological observation, biomechanical test, and examinations of inflammatory factors and tendon markers. As measured, downregulating FOXD2-AS1 or upregulating miR-21-3p improved histological structure, suppressed inflammation, promoted the expression of tendon markers, and optimized the biomechanical properties of Achilles tendon. Upregulating PTEN was capable of reversing the promoting effect of inhibition of FOXD2-AS1 on Achilles tendon healing. As concluded, deficiency of FOXD2-AS1 accelerates the healing of Achilles tendon injury and improves tendon degeneration by regulating the miR-21-3p/PTEN axis and promoting the activation of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoting Ke
- Zhejiang Rehabilitation Medical Center, Hangzhou, 310051, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wenjie Zhang
- Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Rehabilitation & Sports Medicine Research Institute of Zhejiang Province, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, China.
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12
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Wang DR, Pan J. Extracellular vesicles: Emerged as a promising strategy for regenerative medicine. World J Stem Cells 2023; 15:165-181. [PMID: 37181006 PMCID: PMC10173817 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v15.i4.165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell transplantation therapy has certain limitations including immune rejection and limited cell viability, which seriously hinder the transformation of stem cell-based tissue regeneration into clinical practice. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) not only possess the advantages of its derived cells, but also can avoid the risks of cell transplantation. EVs are intelligent and controllable biomaterials that can participate in a variety of physiological and pathological activities, tissue repair and regeneration by transmitting a variety of biological signals, showing great potential in cell-free tissue regeneration. In this review, we summarized the origins and characteristics of EVs, introduced the pivotal role of EVs in diverse tissues regeneration, discussed the underlying mechanisms, prospects, and challenges of EVs. We also pointed out the problems that need to be solved, application directions, and prospects of EVs in the future and shed new light on the novel cell-free strategy for using EVs in the field of regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dian-Ri Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Jian Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
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13
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Cai J, Xu J, Ye Z, Wang L, Zheng T, Zhang T, Li Y, Jiang J, Zhao J. Exosomes Derived From Kartogenin-Preconditioned Mesenchymal Stem Cells Promote Cartilage Formation and Collagen Maturation for Enthesis Regeneration in a Rat Model of Chronic Rotator Cuff Tear. Am J Sports Med 2023; 51:1267-1276. [PMID: 36917828 DOI: 10.1177/03635465231155927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Poor tendon-to-bone healing in chronic rotator cuff tears (RCTs) is related to unsatisfactory outcomes. Exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells reportedly enhance rotator cuff healing. However, the difficulty in producing exosomes with a stronger effect on enthesis regeneration must be resolved. PURPOSE To study the effect of exosomes derived from kartogenin (KGN)-preconditioned human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (KGN-Exos) on tendon-to-bone healing in a rat model of chronic RCT. STUDY DESIGN Controlled laboratory study. METHODS Exosome-loaded sodium alginate hydrogel (SAH) was prepared. Moreover, exosomes were labeled with 1,1'-dioctadecyl-3,3,3',3'-tetramethylindotricarbocyanine iodide (DiR) or 1,1'-dioctadecyl-3,3,3'3'-tetramethylindocarbocyanine perchlorate (Dil) for in vivo tracking. Bilateral rotator cuff repair (RCR) was conducted in an established chronic RCT rat model. A total of 66 rats were randomized to control, untreated exosome (un-Exos), and KGN-Exos groups to receive local injections of pure SAH, un-Exos, or KGN-Exos SAH at the repaired site. The presence of DiR/Dil-labeled exosomes was assessed at 1 day and 1 week, and tendon-to-bone healing was evaluated histologically, immunohistochemically, and biomechanically at 4 and 8 weeks. RESULTS Both un-Exos and KGN-Exos exhibited sustained release from SAH for up to 96 hours. In vivo study revealed that un-Exos and KGN-Exos were localized to the repaired site at 1 week. Moreover, the KGN-Exos group showed a higher histological score and increased glycosaminoglycan and collagen II expression at 4 and 8 weeks. In addition, more mature and better-organized collagen fibers with higher ratios of collagen I to collagen III were observed at 8 weeks in the tendon-to-bone interface compared with those in the control and un-Exos groups. Biomechanically, the KGN-Exos group had the highest failure load (28.12 ± 2.40 N) and stiffness (28.57 ± 2.49 N/mm) among the 3 groups at 8 weeks. CONCLUSION Local injection of SAH with sustained KGN-Exos release could effectively promote cartilage formation as well as collagen maturation and organization for enthesis regeneration, contributing to enhanced biomechanical properties after RCR. CLINICAL RELEVANCE KGN-Exos injection may be used as a cell-free therapeutic option to accelerate tendon-to-bone healing in chronic RCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangyu Cai
- Department of Sports Medicine, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Junjie Xu
- Department of Sports Medicine, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zipeng Ye
- Department of Sports Medicine, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Liren Wang
- Department of Sports Medicine, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ting Zheng
- Department of Sports Medicine, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianlun Zhang
- Department of Sports Medicine, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yufeng Li
- Department of Sports Medicine, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia Jiang
- Department of Sports Medicine, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinzhong Zhao
- Department of Sports Medicine, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Liu JL, Kang DL, Mi P, Xu CZ, Zhu L, Wei BM. Mesenchymal Stem Cell Derived Extracellular Vesicles: Promising Nanomedicine for Cutaneous Wound Treatment. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2023; 9:531-541. [PMID: 36607315 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.2c00902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
A skin wound represents a rupture caused by external damage or the existence of underlying pathological conditions. Sometimes, skin wound healing processes may place a heavy burden on patients, families, and society. Wound healing processes mainly consist of several continuous, dynamic, but overlapping stages, namely, the coagulation stage, inflammation stage, proliferation stage, and remodeling stage. Bacterial infection, excessive inflammation, impaired angiogenesis, and scar formation constitute the four significant factors impeding the recovery efficacy of skin wounds. This encourages scientists to develop multifunctional nanomedicines to meet challenging needs. As we know, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been widely explored for wound repair owing to their unique capability for self-renewal and multipotency. However, problems including immune concerns and legal restrictions should be properly resolved before MSC-based therapeutics are safely and widely used in clinics. Besides, maintaining the high viability/proliferation capability of MSCs during administration processes and therapy procedures is also one of the biggest technical bottlenecks. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are cell-derived nanovesicles, that not only possess the basic characteristics and functions of their corresponding maternal cells but also contain several outstanding advantages including abundant sources, excellent biocompatibility, and convenient administration routes. Furthermore, the membrane surface and cavity are easy to flexibly modify to meet versatile application needs. Recently, MSC-derived EVs have emerged as promising therapeutics for skin wound repair. However, current reviews are too broad and rarely focused on the specific roles of EVs in the different stages of wound recovery. Therefore, it is quite necessary to demonstrate the significance of stem cell-derived EVs in promoting wound healing from several specific aspects. Here, this review primarily tries to provide critical comments on current advances in EVs derived from MSCs for wound repair, particularly elaborating on their impressive roles in effectively eliminating infections, inhibiting inflammation, promoting angiogenesis, and reducing scar formation. Last but not least, current limitations and future prospects of EVs derived from MSCs in the areas of wound repair are also objectively analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Lin Liu
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Changqing Garden, Wuhan, 430023 Hubei, China
| | - De-Lai Kang
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Changqing Garden, Wuhan, 430023 Hubei, China
| | - Peng Mi
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Changqing Garden, Wuhan, 430023 Hubei, China
| | - Cheng-Zhi Xu
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Changqing Garden, Wuhan, 430023 Hubei, China
| | - Lian Zhu
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Changqing Garden, Wuhan, 430023 Hubei, China
| | - Ben-Mei Wei
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Changqing Garden, Wuhan, 430023 Hubei, China
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15
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Graça AL, Domingues RMA, Gomez-Florit M, Gomes ME. Platelet-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Promote Tenogenic Differentiation of Stem Cells on Bioengineered Living Fibers. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043516. [PMID: 36834925 PMCID: PMC9959969 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Tendon mimetic scaffolds that recreate the tendon hierarchical structure and niche have increasing potential to fully restore tendon functionality. However, most scaffolds lack biofunctionality to boost the tenogenic differentiation of stem cells. In this study, we assessed the role of platelet-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) in stem cells' tenogenic commitment using a 3D bioengineered in vitro tendon model. First, we relied on fibrous scaffolds coated with collagen hydrogels encapsulating human adipose-derived stem cells (hASCs) to bioengineer our composite living fibers. We found that the hASCs in our fibers showed high elongation and cytoskeleton anisotropic organization, typical of tenocytes. Moreover, acting as biological cues, platelet-derived EVs boosted the hASCs' tenogenic commitment, prevented phenotypic drift, enhanced the deposition of the tendon-like extracellular matrix, and induced lower collagen matrix contraction. In conclusion, our living fibers provided an in vitro system for tendon tissue engineering, allowing us to study not only the tendon microenvironment but also the influence of biochemical cues on stem cell behavior. More importantly, we showed that platelet-derived EVs are a promising biochemical tool for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine applications that are worthy of further exploration, as paracrine signaling might potentiate tendon repair and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana L. Graça
- 3B’s Research Group, I3Bs—Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University of Minho, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, Barco, 4805-017 Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s–PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4805-017 Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Rui M. A. Domingues
- 3B’s Research Group, I3Bs—Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University of Minho, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, Barco, 4805-017 Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s–PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4805-017 Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Manuel Gomez-Florit
- Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07010 Palma, Spain
- Correspondence: (M.G.-F.); (M.E.G.)
| | - Manuela E. Gomes
- 3B’s Research Group, I3Bs—Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University of Minho, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, Barco, 4805-017 Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s–PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4805-017 Guimarães, Portugal
- Correspondence: (M.G.-F.); (M.E.G.)
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16
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Jenner F, Wagner A, Gerner I, Ludewig E, Trujanovic R, Rohde E, von Rechenberg B, Gimona M, Traweger A. Evaluation of the Potential of Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stromal Cell-Derived Small Extracellular Vesicles to Improve Rotator Cuff Healing: A Pilot Ovine Study. Am J Sports Med 2023; 51:331-342. [PMID: 36645050 DOI: 10.1177/03635465221145958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite significant advancements in surgical techniques to repair rotator cuff (RC) injuries, failure rates remain high and novel approaches to adequately overcome the natural biological limits of tendon and enthesis regeneration of the RC are required. Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) derived from the secretome of human multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have been demonstrated to modulate inflammation and reduce fibrotic adhesions, and therefore their local application could improve outcomes after RC repair. PURPOSE In this pilot study, we evaluated the efficacy of clinical-grade human umbilical cord (hUC) MSC-derived sEVs (hUC-MSC-sEVs) loaded onto a type 1 collagen scaffold in an ovine model of acute infraspinatus tendon injury to improve RC healing. STUDY DESIGN Controlled laboratory study. METHODS sEVs were enriched from hUC-MSC culture media and were characterized by surface marker profiling. The immunomodulatory capacity was evaluated in vitro by T-cell proliferation assays, and particle count was determined by nanoparticle tracking analysis. Twelve skeletally mature sheep were subjected to partial infraspinatus tenotomy and enthesis debridement. The defects of 6 animals were treated with 2 × 1010 hUC-MSC-sEVs loaded onto a type 1 collagen sponge, whereas 6 animals received only a collagen sponge, serving as controls. Six weeks postoperatively, the healing of the infraspinatus tendon and the enthesis was evaluated by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and hard tissue histology. RESULTS CD3/CD28-stimulated T-cell proliferation was significantly inhibited by hUC-MSC-sEVs (P = .015) that displayed the typical surface marker profile, including the presence of the MSC marker proteins CD44 and melanoma-associated chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan. The local application of hUC-MSC-sEVs did not result in any marked systemic adverse events. Histologically, significantly improved Watkins scores (P = .031) indicated improved tendon and tendon-to-bone insertion repair after sEV treatment and lower postcontrast signal of the tendon and adjacent structures on MRI suggested less residual inflammation at the defect area. Furthermore, the formation of osteophytes at the injury site was significantly attenuated (P = .037). CONCLUSION A local, single-dose application of hUC-MSC-sEVs promoted tendon and enthesis healing in an ovine model of acute RC injury. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Surgical repair of RC tears generally results in a clinical benefit for the patient; however, considerable rerupture rates have been reported. sEVs have potential as a cell-free biotherapeutic to improve healing outcomes after RC injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florien Jenner
- VETERM, Equine Surgery Unit, Department for Companion Animals and Horses, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
| | - Andrea Wagner
- Institute of Tendon and Bone Regeneration, Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Centre Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria.,Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
| | - Iris Gerner
- VETERM, Equine Surgery Unit, Department for Companion Animals and Horses, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
| | - Eberhard Ludewig
- Diagnostic Imaging Unit, Department for Companion Animals and Horses, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Robert Trujanovic
- Clinical Unit of Anaesthesiology and Perioperative Intensive Care, Department for Companion Animals and Horses, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Eva Rohde
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Salzburger Landeskliniken GesmbH, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria.,GMP Unit, Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Centre Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Brigitte von Rechenberg
- Musculoskeletal Research Unit (MSRU), Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Center for Applied Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine (CABMM), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Mario Gimona
- GMP Unit, Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Centre Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria.,Research Program "Nanovesicular Therapies," Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Andreas Traweger
- Institute of Tendon and Bone Regeneration, Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Centre Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria.,Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
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17
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Du Y, Chen W, Li Y, Liang D, Liu G. Study on the regulatory effect of Panax notoginseng saponins combined with bone mesenchymal stem cell transplantation on IRAK1/TRAF6-NF-κB pathway in patients with diabetic cutaneous ulcers. J Orthop Surg Res 2023; 18:80. [PMID: 36721171 PMCID: PMC9890888 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-022-03467-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Panax notoginseng saponins (PNSs) have been found as the major active ingredient of Panax notoginseng (Burkill) F.H.Chen (PN) leaves, which has the effect of reducing inflammatory response, facilitating fibroblast proliferation, as well as promoting angiogenesis. This study aimed to investigate the molecular basis of PNS combined with bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) for treating diabetic cutaneous ulcers (DCU) and its mechanism of action. METHODS A total of 75 SD rats were selected to make diabetic cutaneous ulcers model. According random number table method, the rats were randomly divided into a control group, a DCU group, a BMSCs group, a PNS group and BMSCs + PNS group. Five groups of rats were given without treatment. After being treated for 7 days, the rats were anesthetized with pentobarbital, and granulation tissue was collected from the central point of the wound. They were used for pathological analysis, Western blot (WB) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays. RESULTS The wound healing area was the largest in the BMSCs + PNS group. HE staining results showed that the PNS + BMSCs group could promote the formation of new epidermis and reduce the infiltration of inflammatory cells. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) results showed that the PNS + BMSCs group could up-regulate the expression of Ki67 protein and cell proliferation. In addition, PNS combined with BMSCs up-regulated the expression of miR-146-5p and down-regulated the expression of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α, IRAK1, TRAF6 and p65 in the NF-κB signaling pathway (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS PNS combined with bone mesenchymal stem cell transplantation up-regulated miR-146a-5p targeting and binding to IRAK1/TRAF6, inhibiting the activation of NF-κB pathway, which reduced the inflammatory response of DCU and facilitated the skin healing of DCU. Thus, this study provides a theoretical basis and a novel therapeutic option for the treatment of DFU with PNS combined with BMSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Du
- grid.412540.60000 0001 2372 7462Peripheral Vascular, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203 China
| | - Weijian Chen
- grid.411866.c0000 0000 8848 7685Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405 Guangdong Province China ,grid.411866.c0000 0000 8848 7685Department of Orthopaedics, Guangzhou Orthopedic Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510045 Guangdong Province China
| | - Youshan Li
- grid.24695.3c0000 0001 1431 9176Peripheral Vascular, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100000 China
| | - Du Liang
- grid.411866.c0000 0000 8848 7685Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405 Guangdong Province China ,grid.411866.c0000 0000 8848 7685Department of Orthopaedics, Guangzhou Orthopedic Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510045 Guangdong Province China
| | - Guobin Liu
- grid.412540.60000 0001 2372 7462Peripheral Vascular, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203 China
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18
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Extracellular Vesicles as Therapeutic Resources in the Clinical Environment. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032344. [PMID: 36768664 PMCID: PMC9917082 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The native role of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in mediating the transfer of biomolecules between cells has raised the possibility to use them as therapeutic vehicles. The development of therapies based on EVs is now expanding rapidly; here we will describe the current knowledge on different key points regarding the use of EVs in a clinical setting. These points are related to cell sources of EVs, isolation, storage, and delivery methods, as well as modifications to the releasing cells for improved production of EVs. Finally, we will depict the application of EVs therapies in clinical trials, considering the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the development of these therapies, pointing out that although it is a promising therapy for human diseases, we are still in the initial phase of its application to patients.
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19
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Quintero D, Perucca Orfei C, Kaplan LD, de Girolamo L, Best TM, Kouroupis D. The roles and therapeutic potentialof mesenchymal stem/stromal cells and their extracellular vesicles in tendinopathies. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1040762. [PMID: 36741745 PMCID: PMC9892947 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1040762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Tendinopathies encompass a highly prevalent, multi-faceted spectrum of disorders, characterized by activity-related pain, compromised function, and propensity for an extended absence from sport and the workplace. The pathophysiology of tendinopathy continues to evolve. For decades, it has been related primarily to repetitive overload trauma but more recently, the onset of tendinopathy has been attributed to the tissue's failed attempt to heal after subclinical inflammatory and immune challenges (failed healing model). Conventional tendinopathy management produces only short-term symptomatic relief and often results in incomplete repair or healing leading to compromised tendon function. For this reason, there has been increased effort to develop therapeutics to overcome the tissue's failed healing response by targeting the cellular metaplasia and pro-inflammatory extra-cellular environment. On this basis, stem cell-based therapies have been proposed as an alternative therapeutic approach designed to modify the course of the various tendon pathologies. Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) are multipotent stem cells often referred to as "medicinal signaling cells" due to their immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties that can produce a pro-regenerative microenvironment in pathological tendons. However, the adoption of MSCs into clinical practice has been limited by FDA regulations and perceived risk of adverse events upon infusion in vivo. The introduction of cell-free approaches, such as the extracellular vesicles of MSCs, has encouraged new perspectives for the treatment of tendinopathies, showing promising short-term results. In this article, we review the most recent advances in MSC-based and MSC-derived therapies for tendinopathies. Preclinical and clinical studies are included with comment on future directions of this rapidly developing therapeutic modality, including the importance of understanding tissue loading and its relationship to any treatment regimen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Quintero
- Department of Orthopaedics, UHealth Sports Medicine Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Carlotta Perucca Orfei
- Laboratorio di Biotecnologie Applicate all’Ortopedia, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy
| | - Lee D. Kaplan
- Department of Orthopaedics, UHealth Sports Medicine Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Laura de Girolamo
- Laboratorio di Biotecnologie Applicate all’Ortopedia, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy
| | - Thomas M. Best
- Department of Orthopaedics, UHealth Sports Medicine Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Dimitrios Kouroupis
- Department of Orthopaedics, UHealth Sports Medicine Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States,Diabetes Research Institute & Cell Transplant Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States,*Correspondence: Dimitrios Kouroupis,
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Wu G, Su Q, Li J, Xue C, Zhu J, Cai Q, Huang J, Ji S, Cheng B, Ge H. NAMPT encapsulated by extracellular vesicles from young adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells treated tendinopathy in a "One-Stone-Two-Birds" manner. J Nanobiotechnology 2023; 21:7. [PMID: 36604715 PMCID: PMC9814467 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-022-01763-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tendinopathy is the leading sports-related injury and will cause severe weakness and tenderness. Effective therapy for tendinopathy remains limited, and extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) have demonstrated great potential in tendinopathy treatment; however, the influence of aging status on EV treatment has not been previously described. RESULTS In this study, it was found that ADMSCs derived from old mice (ADMSCold) demonstrated remarkable cellular senescence and impaired NAD+ metabolism compared with ADMSCs derived from young mice (ADMSCyoung). Lower NAMPT contents were detected in both ADMSCold and its secreted EVs (ADMSCold-EVs). Advanced animal experiments demonstrated that ADMSCyoung-EVs, but not ADMSCold-EVs, alleviated the pathological structural, functional and biomechanical properties in tendinopathy mice. Mechanistic analyses demonstrated that ADMSCyoung-EVs improved cell viability and relieved cellular senescence of tenocytes through the NAMPT/SIRT1/PPARγ/PGC-1α pathway. ADMSCyoung-EVs, but not ADMSCold-EVs, promoted phagocytosis and M2 polarization in macrophages through the NAMPT/SIRT1/Nf-κb p65/NLRP3 pathway. The macrophage/tenocyte crosstalk in tendinopathy was influenced by ADMSCyoung-EV treatment and thus it demonstrated "One-Stone-Two-Birds" effects in tendinopathy treatment. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates an effective novel therapy for tendinopathy and uncovers the influence of donor age on curative effects by clarifying the detailed biological mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanghao Wu
- grid.43555.320000 0000 8841 6246School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081 China
| | - Qihang Su
- grid.24516.340000000123704535Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072 China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhabei Central Hospital of Jing’an District, Shanghai, 200070 China
| | - Chao Xue
- grid.24516.340000000123704535Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072 China
| | - Jie Zhu
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309National Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190 China
| | - Qiuchen Cai
- grid.24516.340000000123704535Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072 China
| | - Jingbiao Huang
- grid.24516.340000000123704535Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072 China
| | - Shaoyang Ji
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309National Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190 China
| | - Biao Cheng
- grid.24516.340000000123704535Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200065 China
| | - Hengan Ge
- grid.24516.340000000123704535Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200065 China
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21
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Lu M, Wang S, Wang H, Xue T, Cai C, Fan C, Wu F, Liu S. Pyrrolidine Dithiocarbamate-loaded Electrospun Membranes for Peritendinous Anti-adhesion through Inhibition of the Nuclear Factor-κB Pathway. Acta Biomater 2023; 155:333-346. [PMID: 36243373 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Peritendinous adhesion is a major cause of limb dysfunction and disability in clinical practice. Numerous studies suggest that activation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway in macrophages could be the pivotal figure in excessive collagen synthesis and thus peritendinous adhesion formation. In this study, we assumed this pathological process could be suppressed by inhibiting NF-κB phosphorylation and nuclear translocation using pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC), a specific NF-κB inhibitor with the ability to penetrate cell membranes, in macrophages. Then, we conducted electrospinning process to incorporate PDTC into poly(L-lactic) acid (PLA) electrospinning membranes, that is, the PDTC-PLA membranes. Further, with integral film quality and stable drug release property, the PDTC-PLA membranes were subsequently analyzed in the capability and mechanism of preventing adhesion formation both in vitro and in vivo. Our results showed inhibition of macrophage proliferation as well as NF-κB pathway activation from in vitro assays and outstanding promotion in inhibiting NF-κB p65 phosphorylation and reducing adhesion formation from in vivo assays of PDTC-PLA compared to PLA membranes. In conclusion, our findings suggested that PDTC-PLA as an alternative therapeutic approach alleviated inflammation and peritendinous adhesion formation through NF-κB signaling pathway. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC) can be blended into poly-L-lactic acid (PLA) fibrous membranes by electrospinning process. This incorporation of PDTC into PLA is an effective way to inhibit proinflammatory activation of macrophages and to achieve advanced anti-adhesion outcome after tendon repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingkuan Lu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, PR China
| | - Shuo Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, PR China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, PR China
| | - Tong Xue
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, PR China
| | - Chuandong Cai
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, PR China
| | - Cunyi Fan
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, PR China
| | - Fei Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, PR China.
| | - Shen Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, PR China.
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22
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Lyu K, Liu X, Liu T, Lu J, Jiang L, Chen Y, Long L, Wang X, Shi H, Wang F, Li S. miRNAs contributing to the repair of tendon injury. Cell Tissue Res 2023; 393:201-215. [PMID: 37249708 PMCID: PMC10406718 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-023-03780-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Tendon injury is one of the most common disorders of the musculoskeletal system, with a higher likelihood of occurrence in elderly individuals and athletes. In posthealing tendons, two undesirable consequences, tissue fibrosis and a reduction in mechanical properties, usually occur, resulting in an increased probability of rerupture or reinjury; thus, it is necessary to propose an appropriate treatment. Currently, most methods do not sufficiently modulate the tendon healing process and restore the function and structure of the injured tendon to those of a normal tendon, since there is still inadequate information about the effects of multiple cellular and other relevant signaling pathways on tendon healing and how the expression of their components is regulated. microRNAs are vital targets for promoting tendon repair and can modulate the expression of biological components in signaling pathways involved in various physiological and pathological responses. miRNAs are a type of noncoding ribonucleic acid essential for regulating processes such as cell proliferation, differentiation, migration and apoptosis; inflammatory responses; vascularization; fibrosis; and tissue repair. This article focuses on the biogenesis response of miRNAs while presenting their mechanisms in tendon healing with perspectives and suggestions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kexin Lyu
- School of Physical Education, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Xinyue Liu
- School of Physical Education, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Tianzhu Liu
- Neurology Department, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jingwei Lu
- School of Physical Education, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Li Jiang
- School of Physical Education, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yixuan Chen
- School of Physical Education, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Longhai Long
- Spinal Surgery Department, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Wang
- Spinal Surgery Department, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Houyin Shi
- Traumatology and Orthopedics Department, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Fan Wang
- The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Sen Li
- Spinal Surgery Department, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
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23
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Citro V, Clerici M, Boccaccini AR, Della Porta G, Maffulli N, Forsyth NR. Tendon tissue engineering: An overview of biologics to promote tendon healing and repair. J Tissue Eng 2023; 14:20417314231196275. [PMID: 37719308 PMCID: PMC10501083 DOI: 10.1177/20417314231196275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Tendons are dense connective tissues with a hierarchical polarized structure that respond to and adapt to the transmission of muscle contraction forces to the skeleton, enabling motion and maintaining posture. Tendon injuries, also known as tendinopathies, are becoming more common as populations age and participation in sports/leisure activities increases. The tendon has a poor ability to self-heal and regenerate given its intrinsic, constrained vascular supply and exposure to frequent, severe loading. There is a lack of understanding of the underlying pathophysiology, and it is not surprising that disorder-targeted medicines have only been partially effective at best. Recent tissue engineering approaches have emerged as a potential tool to drive tendon regeneration and healing. In this review, we investigated the physiochemical factors involved in tendon ontogeny and discussed their potential application in vitro to reproduce functional and self-renewing tendon tissue. We sought to understand whether stem cells are capable of forming tendons, how they can be directed towards the tenogenic lineage, and how their growth is regulated and monitored during the entire differentiation path. Finally, we showed recent developments in tendon tissue engineering, specifically the use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), which can differentiate into tendon cells, as well as the potential role of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in tendon regeneration and their potential for use in accelerating the healing response after injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera Citro
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University, Stoke-on-Trent, Staffordshire, UK
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Biomaterials University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Cauerstrasse 6, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Marta Clerici
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University, Stoke-on-Trent, Staffordshire, UK
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, via S. Allende, Baronissi, Salerno, Italy
| | - Aldo R. Boccaccini
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Biomaterials University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Cauerstrasse 6, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Giovanna Della Porta
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, via S. Allende, Baronissi, Salerno, Italy
- Interdepartmental Centre BIONAM, University of Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo I, Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - Nicola Maffulli
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University, Stoke-on-Trent, Staffordshire, UK
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, via S. Allende, Baronissi, Salerno, Italy
- Department of Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery, University Hospital ‘San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi D’Aragona’, Salerno, Italy
| | - Nicholas R. Forsyth
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University, Stoke-on-Trent, Staffordshire, UK
- Vice Principals’ Office, University of Aberdeen, Kings College, Aberdeen, UK
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24
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Alberti G, Russo E, Corrao S, Anzalone R, Kruzliak P, Miceli V, Conaldi PG, Di Gaudio F, La Rocca G. Current Perspectives on Adult Mesenchymal Stromal Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles: Biological Features and Clinical Indications. Biomedicines 2022; 10:2822. [PMID: 36359342 PMCID: PMC9687875 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10112822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) constitute one of the main mechanisms by which cells communicate with the surrounding tissue or at distance. Vesicle secretion is featured by most cell types, and adult mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) of different tissue origins have shown the ability to produce them. In recent years, several reports disclosed the molecular composition and suggested clinical indications for EVs derived from adult MSCs. The parental cells were already known for their roles in different disease settings in regulating inflammation, immune modulation, or transdifferentiation to promote cell repopulation. Interestingly, most reports also suggested that part of the properties of parental cells were maintained by isolated EV populations. This review analyzes the recent development in the field of cell-free therapies, focusing on several adult tissues as a source of MSC-derived EVs and the available clinical data from in vivo models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giusi Alberti
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics (BiND), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Eleonora Russo
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics (BiND), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Simona Corrao
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics (BiND), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Rita Anzalone
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Stomatological Sciences (DICHIRONS), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Peter Kruzliak
- Department of Medical Biology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 03601 Martin, Slovakia
| | - Vitale Miceli
- Research Department, IRCCS ISMETT (Istituto Mediterraneo per i Trapianti e Terapie ad Alta Specializzazione), 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Pier Giulio Conaldi
- Research Department, IRCCS ISMETT (Istituto Mediterraneo per i Trapianti e Terapie ad Alta Specializzazione), 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | | | - Giampiero La Rocca
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics (BiND), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
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25
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Andleeb A, Mehmood A, Tariq M, Butt H, Ahmed R, Andleeb A, Ghufran H, Ramzan A, Ejaz A, Malik K, Riazuddin S. Hydrogel patch with pretreated stem cells accelerates wound closure in diabetic rats. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2022; 142:213150. [PMID: 36306556 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2022.213150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Delay in wound healing is a diabetes mellites resulting disorder causing persistent microbial infections, pain, and poor quality of life. This disorder is treated by several strategies using natural biomaterials, growth factors and stem cells molded into various scaffolds which possess the potential to accelerate the closure of impaired diabetic wounds. In this study, we developed a hydrogel patch using chitosan (CS) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) with laden bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) that were pretreated with fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21). The developed hydrogel patches were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. After studying the swelling behavior, growth factor (FGF21) was used to modulate BMSC in the hyperglycemic environment. Later, FGF21 treated BMSC were embedded in CS/PEG hydrogel patch and their wound closure effect was assessed in diabetic rats. The results showed that CS/PEG hydrogel patches have good biocompatibility and possess efficient BMSC recruiting properties. The application of CS/PEG hydrogel patches accelerated wound closure in diabetic rats as compared to the control groups. However, the use of FGF21 pretreated BMSCs laded CS/PEG hydrogel patches further increased the therapeutic efficacy of wound closure in diabetic rats. This study demonstrated that the application of a hydrogel patch of CS/PEG with FGF21 pretreated BMSCs improves diabetic wound healing, but further studies are needed on larger animals before the use of these dressings in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anisa Andleeb
- National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, 87-West Canal Bank Road, Lahore, Pakistan; Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural and Applied Sciences, Mirpur University of Science and Technology, Mirpur 10250, AJK, Pakistan
| | - Azra Mehmood
- National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, 87-West Canal Bank Road, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Tariq
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural and Applied Sciences, Mirpur University of Science and Technology, Mirpur 10250, AJK, Pakistan
| | - Hira Butt
- National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, 87-West Canal Bank Road, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Rashid Ahmed
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural and Applied Sciences, Mirpur University of Science and Technology, Mirpur 10250, AJK, Pakistan; Nick Holonyak Jr. Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, IL, USA
| | - Aneeta Andleeb
- School of Biochemistry & Biotechnology, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan
| | - Hafiz Ghufran
- National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, 87-West Canal Bank Road, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Amna Ramzan
- National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, 87-West Canal Bank Road, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Asim Ejaz
- Adipose Stem Cells Center, Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA
| | - Kausar Malik
- National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, 87-West Canal Bank Road, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sheikh Riazuddin
- National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, 87-West Canal Bank Road, Lahore, Pakistan; Jinnah Burn and Reconstructive Surgery Centre, Allama Iqbal Medical College, University of Health Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan.
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26
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McLaughlin C, Datta P, Singh YP, Lo A, Horchler S, Elcheva IA, Ozbolat IT, Ravnic DJ, Koduru SV. Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles for Therapeutic Use and in Bioengineering Applications. Cells 2022; 11:3366. [PMID: 36359762 PMCID: PMC9657427 DOI: 10.3390/cells11213366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small lipid bilayer-delimited particles that are naturally released from cells into body fluids, and therefore can travel and convey regulatory functions in the distal parts of the body. EVs can transmit paracrine signaling by carrying over cytokines, chemokines, growth factors, interleukins (ILs), transcription factors, and nucleic acids such as DNA, mRNAs, microRNAs, piRNAs, lncRNAs, sn/snoRNAs, mtRNAs and circRNAs; these EVs travel to predecided destinations to perform their functions. While mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been shown to improve healing and facilitate treatments of various diseases, the allogenic use of these cells is often accompanied by serious adverse effects after transplantation. MSC-produced EVs are less immunogenic and can serve as an alternative to cellular therapies by transmitting signaling or delivering biomaterials to diseased areas of the body. This review article is focused on understanding the properties of EVs derived from different types of MSCs and MSC-EV-based therapeutic options. The potential of modern technologies such as 3D bioprinting to advance EV-based therapies is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline McLaughlin
- Department of Surgery, Penn State Health Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Pallab Datta
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) Kolkata, West Bengal 700054, India
| | - Yogendra P. Singh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Materials Research Institute, The Huck Institutes of Life Sciences, Penn State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Alexis Lo
- Department of Surgery, Penn State Health Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Summer Horchler
- Department of Surgery, Penn State Health Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Irina A. Elcheva
- Department of Pediatrics, Hematology/Oncology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Ibrahim T. Ozbolat
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Materials Research Institute, The Huck Institutes of Life Sciences, Penn State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Dino J. Ravnic
- Department of Surgery, Penn State Health Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Srinivas V. Koduru
- Department of Surgery, Penn State Health Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
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27
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Practical Considerations for Translating Mesenchymal Stromal Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles from Bench to Bed. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14081684. [PMID: 36015310 PMCID: PMC9414392 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14081684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have shown potential for the treatment of tendon and ligament injuries. This approach can eliminate the need to transplant live cells to the human body, thereby reducing issues related to the maintenance of cell viability and stability and potential erroneous differentiation of transplanted cells to bone or tumor. Despite these advantages, there are practical issues that need to be considered for successful clinical application of MSC-EV-based products in the treatment of tendon and ligament injuries. This review aims to discuss the general and tissue-specific considerations for manufacturing MSC-EVs for clinical translation. Specifically, we will discuss Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP)-compliant manufacturing and quality control (parent cell source, culture conditions, concentration method, quantity, identity, purity and impurities, sterility, potency, reproducibility, storage and formulation), as well as safety and efficacy issues. Special considerations for applying MSC-EVs, such as their compatibility with arthroscopy for the treatment of tendon and ligament injuries, are also highlighted.
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28
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Zhu S, He Z, Ji L, Zhang W, Tong Y, Luo J, Zhang Y, Li Y, Meng X, Bi Q. Advanced Nanofiber-Based Scaffolds for Achilles Tendon Regenerative Engineering. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:897010. [PMID: 35845401 PMCID: PMC9280267 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.897010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The Achilles tendon (AT) is responsible for running, jumping, and standing. The AT injuries are very common in the population. In the adult population (21–60 years), the incidence of AT injuries is approximately 2.35 per 1,000 people. It negatively impacts people’s quality of life and increases the medical burden. Due to its low cellularity and vascular deficiency, AT has a poor healing ability. Therefore, AT injury healing has attracted a lot of attention from researchers. Current AT injury treatment options cannot effectively restore the mechanical structure and function of AT, which promotes the development of AT regenerative tissue engineering. Various nanofiber-based scaffolds are currently being explored due to their structural similarity to natural tendon and their ability to promote tissue regeneration. This review discusses current methods of AT regeneration, recent advances in the fabrication and enhancement of nanofiber-based scaffolds, and the development and use of multiscale nanofiber-based scaffolds for AT regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Senbo Zhu
- Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital (Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, China
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zeju He
- Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital (Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, China
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Lichen Ji
- Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital (Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, China
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital (Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, China
| | - Yu Tong
- Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital (Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, China
| | - Junchao Luo
- Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital (Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, China
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yin Zhang
- Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital (Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, China
| | - Yong Li
- Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital (Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiang Meng
- Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital (Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, China
| | - Qing Bi
- Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital (Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, China
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Qing Bi,
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29
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Bahmani L, Ullah M. Different Sourced Extracellular Vesicles and Their Potential Applications in Clinical Treatments. Cells 2022; 11:cells11131989. [PMID: 35805074 PMCID: PMC9265969 DOI: 10.3390/cells11131989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Revised: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) include a heterogeneous group of natural cell-derived nanostructures that are increasingly regarded as promising biotherapeutic agents and drug delivery vehicles in human medicine. Desirable intrinsic properties of EVs including the ability to bypass natural membranous barriers and to deliver their unique biomolecular cargo to specific cell populations position them as fiercely competitive alternatives for currently available cell therapies and artificial drug delivery platforms. EVs with distinct characteristics can be released from various cell types into the extracellular environment as a means of transmitting bioactive components and altering the status of the target cell. Despite the existence of a large number of preclinical studies confirming the therapeutic efficacy of different originated EVs for treating several pathological conditions, in this review, we first provide a brief overview of EV biophysical properties with an emphasis on their intrinsic therapeutic benefits over cell-based therapies and synthetic delivery systems. Next, we describe in detail different EVs derived from distinct cell sources, compare their advantages and disadvantages, and recapitulate their therapeutic effects on various human disorders to highlight the progress made in harnessing EVs for clinical applications. Finally, knowledge gaps and concrete hurdles that currently hinder the clinical translation of EV therapies are debated with a futuristic perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Bahmani
- Institute for Immunity and Transplantation, Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA;
- Molecular Medicine Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
| | - Mujib Ullah
- Institute for Immunity and Transplantation, Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA;
- Molecular Medicine Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
- Correspondence:
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30
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Cheng P, Cao T, Zhao X, Lu W, Miao S, Ning F, Wang D, Gao Y, Wang L, Pei G, Yang L. Nidogen1-enriched extracellular vesicles accelerate angiogenesis and bone regeneration by targeting Myosin-10 to regulate endothelial cell adhesion. Bioact Mater 2022; 12:185-197. [PMID: 35310379 PMCID: PMC8897190 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The technique bottleneck of repairing large bone defects with tissue engineered bone is the vascularization of tissue engineered grafts. Although some studies have shown that extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) promote bone healing and repair by accelerating angiogenesis, the effector molecules and the mechanism remain unclear, which fail to provide ideas for the future research and development of cell-free interventions. Here, we found that Nidogen1-enriched EV (EV-NID1) derived from BMSCs interferes with the formation and assembly of focal adhesions (FAs) by targeting myosin-10, thereby reducing the adhesion strength of rat arterial endothelial cells (RAECs) to the extracellular matrix (ECM), and enhancing the migration and angiogenesis potential of RAECs. Moreover, by delivery with composite hydrogel, EV-NID1 is demonstrated to promote angiogenesis and bone regeneration in rat femoral defects. This study identifies the intracellular binding target of EV-NID1 and further elucidates a novel approach and mechanism, thereby providing a cell-free construction strategy with precise targets for the development of vascularized tissue engineering products. Nidogen1 is enriched in extracellular vesicles (EV-NID1) derived from BMSCs. EV-NID1 interferes with the formation and assembly of focal adhesions (FAs). Myosin-10 was identified as the intracellular binding target of EV-NID1. The composite hydrogel loaded with EV-NID1 promotes the repair of bone defects by accelerating angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengzhen Cheng
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Tianqing Cao
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Xueyi Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Weiguang Lu
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Sheng Miao
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Fenru Ning
- Department of Neonatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Dong Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Yi Gao
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Long Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Guoxian Pei
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
- Corresponding author.
| | - Liu Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
- Corresponding author.
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31
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Lyu K, Liu T, Chen Y, Lu J, Jiang L, Liu X, Liu X, Li Y, Li S. A “cell-free treatment” for tendon injuries: adipose stem cell-derived exosomes. Eur J Med Res 2022; 27:75. [PMID: 35643543 PMCID: PMC9148514 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-022-00707-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractTendon injuries are widespread and chronic disorders of the musculoskeletal system, frequently caused by overload of the tendons. Currently, the most common treatment for tendon injuries is "cell-free therapy", of which exosomes, which can treat a host of diseases, including immune disorders, musculoskeletal injuries and cardiovascular diseases, are one kind. Among the many sources of exosomes, adipose-derived stem cell exosomes (ASC-Exos) have better efficacy. This is attributed not only to the ease of isolation of adipose tissue, but also to the high differentiation capacity of ASCs, their greater paracrine function, and immunomodulatory capacity compared to other exosomes. ASC-Exos promote tendon repair by four mechanisms: promoting angiogenesis under hypoxic conditions, reducing the inflammatory response, promoting tendon cell migration and proliferation, and accelerating collagen synthesis, thus accelerating tendon healing. This review focuses on describing studies of preclinical experiments with various exosomes, the characteristics of ASC-Exos and their mechanisms of action in tendon healing, as well as elaborating the limitations of ASC-Exos in clinical applications.
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32
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Wang HN, Rong X, Yang LM, Hua WZ, Ni GX. Advances in Stem Cell Therapies for Rotator Cuff Injuries. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:866195. [PMID: 35694228 PMCID: PMC9174670 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.866195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Rotator cuff injury is a common upper extremity musculoskeletal disease that may lead to persistent pain and functional impairment. Despite the clinical outcomes of the surgical procedures being satisfactory, the repair of the rotator cuff remains problematic, such as through failure of healing, adhesion formation, and fatty infiltration. Stem cells have high proliferation, strong paracrine action, and multiple differentiation potential, which promote tendon remodeling and fibrocartilage formation and increase biomechanical strength. Additionally, stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) can increase collagen synthesis and inhibit inflammation and adhesion formation by carrying regulatory proteins and microRNAs. Therefore, stem cell-based therapy is a promising therapeutic strategy that has great potential for rotator cuff healing. In this review, we summarize the advances of stem cells and stem cell-derived EVs in rotator cuff repair and highlight the underlying mechanism of stem cells and stem cell-derived EVs and biomaterial delivery systems. Future studies need to explore stem cell therapy in combination with cellular factors, gene therapy, and novel biomaterial delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Nan Wang
- School of Sport Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao Rong
- Department of Ultrasound, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lu-Ming Yang
- Musculoskeletal Sonography and Occupational Performance Lab, Chan Division of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Wei-Zhong Hua
- School of Sport Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Guo-Xin Ni
- School of Sport Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Guo-Xin Ni,
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33
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Wu D, Wang Z, Li J, Song Y, Perez MEM, Wang Z, Cao X, Cao C, Maharjan S, Anderson KC, Chauhan D, Zhang YS. A 3D-Bioprinted Multiple Myeloma Model. Adv Healthc Mater 2022; 11:e2100884. [PMID: 34558232 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202100884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 09/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a malignancy of plasma cells accounting for ≈12% of hematological malignancies. In this study, the fabrication of a high-content in vitro MM model using a coaxial extrusion bioprinting method is reported, allowing formation of a human bone marrow-like microenvironment featuring an outer mineral-containing sheath and the inner soft hydrogel-based core. MM cells are mono-cultured or co-cultured with HS5 stromal cells that can release interleukin-6 (IL-6), where the cells show superior behaviors and responses to bortezomib in 3D models than in the planar cultures. Tocilizumab, a recombinant humanized anti-IL-6 receptor (IL-6R), is investigated for its efficacy to enhance the chemosensitivity of bortezomib on MM cells cultured in the 3D model by inhibiting IL-6R. More excitingly, in a proof-of-concept demonstration, it is revealed that patient-derived MM cells can be maintained in 3D-bioprinted microenvironment with decent viability for up to 7 days evaluated, whereas they completely die off in planar culture as soon as 5 days. In conclusion, a 3D-bioprinted MM model is fabricated to emulate some characteristics of the human bone marrow to promote growth and proliferation of the encapsulated MM cells, providing new insights for MM modeling, drug development, and personalized therapy in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Wu
- Division of Engineering in Medicine Department of Medicine Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School Cambridge MA 02139 USA
| | - Zongyi Wang
- Division of Engineering in Medicine Department of Medicine Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School Cambridge MA 02139 USA
| | - Jun Li
- Division of Engineering in Medicine Department of Medicine Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School Cambridge MA 02139 USA
| | - Yan Song
- LeBow Institute for Myeloma Therapeutics and Jerome Lipper Myeloma Center Department of Medical Oncology Dana‐Farber Cancer Institute Harvard Medical School Boston MA 02115 USA
| | - Manuel Everardo Mondragon Perez
- Division of Engineering in Medicine Department of Medicine Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School Cambridge MA 02139 USA
| | - Zixuan Wang
- Division of Engineering in Medicine Department of Medicine Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School Cambridge MA 02139 USA
| | - Xia Cao
- Division of Engineering in Medicine Department of Medicine Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School Cambridge MA 02139 USA
| | - Changliang Cao
- Division of Engineering in Medicine Department of Medicine Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School Cambridge MA 02139 USA
| | - Sushila Maharjan
- Division of Engineering in Medicine Department of Medicine Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School Cambridge MA 02139 USA
| | - Kenneth C. Anderson
- LeBow Institute for Myeloma Therapeutics and Jerome Lipper Myeloma Center Department of Medical Oncology Dana‐Farber Cancer Institute Harvard Medical School Boston MA 02115 USA
| | - Dharminder Chauhan
- LeBow Institute for Myeloma Therapeutics and Jerome Lipper Myeloma Center Department of Medical Oncology Dana‐Farber Cancer Institute Harvard Medical School Boston MA 02115 USA
| | - Yu Shrike Zhang
- Division of Engineering in Medicine Department of Medicine Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School Cambridge MA 02139 USA
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34
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Wan R, Hussain A, Behfar A, Moran SL, Zhao C. The Therapeutic Potential of Exosomes in Soft Tissue Repair and Regeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073869. [PMID: 35409228 PMCID: PMC8998690 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Soft tissue defects are common following trauma and tumor extirpation. These injuries can result in poor functional recovery and lead to a diminished quality of life. The healing of skin and muscle is a complex process that, at present, leads to incomplete recovery and scarring. Regenerative medicine may offer the opportunity to improve the healing process and functional outcomes. Barriers to regenerative strategies have included cost, regulatory hurdles, and the need for cell-based therapies. In recent years, exosomes, or extracellular vesicles, have gained tremendous attention in the field of soft tissue repair and regeneration. These nanosized extracellular particles (30-140 nm) can break the cellular boundaries, as well as facilitate intracellular signal delivery in various regenerative physiologic and pathologic processes. Existing studies have established the potential of exosomes in regenerating tendons, skeletal muscles, and peripheral nerves through different mechanisms, including promoting myogenesis, increasing tenocyte differentiation and enhancing neurite outgrowth, and the proliferation of Schwann cells. These exosomes can be stored for immediate use in the operating room, and can be produced cost efficiently. In this article, we critically review the current advances of exosomes in soft tissue (tendons, skeletal muscles, and peripheral nerves) healing. Additionally, new directions for clinical applications in the future will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rou Wan
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; (R.W.); (A.H.); (S.L.M.)
| | - Arif Hussain
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; (R.W.); (A.H.); (S.L.M.)
| | - Atta Behfar
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA;
- Van Cleve Cardiac Regenerative Medicine Program, Center for Regenerative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Steven L. Moran
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; (R.W.); (A.H.); (S.L.M.)
| | - Chunfeng Zhao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Correspondence:
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35
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Hayashi Y, Yimiti D, Sanada Y, Ding C, Omoto T, Ogura T, Nakasa T, Ishikawa M, Hiemori K, Tateno H, Miyaki S, Adachi N. The therapeutic capacity of bone marrow MSC-derived extracellular vesicles in Achilles tendon healing is passage dependent and indicated by specific glycans. FEBS Lett 2022; 596:1047-1058. [PMID: 35294042 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) for various diseases and tissue repair is attracting attention. Here, EVs from conditioned medium of human bone marrow MSCs at passage 5 (P5) and 12 (P12) were analyzed using mouse Achilles tendon rupture model and lectin microarray. P5 MSC-EVs accelerated Achilles tendon healing compared with P12 MSC-EVs. Fucose-specific lectin TJA-II was indicated as a glycan marker for therapeutic MSC-EVs. The present study demonstrated that early passaged MSC-EVs promote Achilles tendon healing compared with senescent MSC-EVs. Glycans on MSC-EVs might provide useful tools to establish a quality control and isolation system for therapeutic MSC-EVs in regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuta Hayashi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.,Department of Musculoskeletal Traumatology and Reconstructive surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Dilimulati Yimiti
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yohei Sanada
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.,Medical Center for Translational and Clinical Research, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Chenyang Ding
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Takenori Omoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Toshihiko Ogura
- Health and Medical Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Nakasa
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.,Medical Center for Translational and Clinical Research, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Masakazu Ishikawa
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.,Department of Artificial Joints and Biomaterials, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Keiko Hiemori
- Cellular and Molecular Biotechnology Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Tateno
- Cellular and Molecular Biotechnology Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Shigeru Miyaki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.,Medical Center for Translational and Clinical Research, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Nobuo Adachi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
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36
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Gao R, Ye T, Zhu Z, Li Q, Zhang J, Yuan J, Zhao B, Xie Z, Wang Y. Small extracellular vesicles from iPSC-derived mesenchymal stem cells ameliorate tendinopathy pain by inhibiting mast cell activation. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2022; 17:513-529. [PMID: 35289187 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2022-0036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: This study aimed to explore the effect of small extracellular vesicles from induced pluripotent stem cell-derived mesenchymal stem cells (iMSC-sEVs) on acute pain and investigate the underlying mechanisms. Materials & methods: The pathology of tendons was accessed by hematoxylin and eosin staining, immunohistochemical and immunofluorescent staining. The pain degree was measured by pain-related behaviors. In vitro, we performed β-hexosaminidase release assay, RT-qPCR, toluidine blue staining, ELISA and RNA sequencing. Results: iMSC-sEVs effectively alleviated acute pain in tendinopathy as well as inhibiting activated mast cell infiltration and interactions with nerve fibers in vivo. In vitro, iMSC-sEVs reduced the degranulation of mast cells and the expression of proinflammatory cytokines and genes involved in the HIF-1 signaling pathway. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that iMSC-sEVs relieved tendinopathy-related pain through inhibiting mast cell activation via the HIF-1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renzhi Gao
- Institute of Microsurgery on Extremities, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Teng Ye
- Institute of Microsurgery on Extremities, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Zhaochen Zhu
- Institute of Microsurgery on Extremities, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Qing Li
- Institute of Microsurgery on Extremities, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Juntao Zhang
- Institute of Microsurgery on Extremities, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Ji Yuan
- Institute of Microsurgery on Extremities, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Bizeng Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Zongping Xie
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Institute of Microsurgery on Extremities, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
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37
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Ramires LC, Jeyaraman M, Muthu S, Shankar A N, Santos GS, da Fonseca LF, Lana JF, Rajendran RL, Gangadaran P, Jogalekar MP, Cardoso AA, Eickhoff A. Application of Orthobiologics in Achilles Tendinopathy: A Review. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12030399. [PMID: 35330150 PMCID: PMC8954398 DOI: 10.3390/life12030399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Orthobiologics are biological materials that are intended for the regeneration of bone, cartilage, and soft tissues. In this review, we discuss the application of orthobiologics in Achilles tendinopathy, more specifically. We explain the concepts and definitions of each orthobiologic and the literature regarding its use in tendon disorders. The biological potential of these materials can be harnessed and administered into injured tissues, particularly in areas where standard healing is disrupted, a typical feature of Achilles tendinopathy. These products contain a wide variety of cell populations, cytokines, and growth factors, which have been shown to modulate many other cells at local and distal sites in the body. Collectively, they can shift the state of escalated inflammation and degeneration to reestablish tissue homeostasis. The typical features of Achilles tendinopathy are failed healing responses, persistent inflammation, and predominant catabolic reactions. Therefore, the application of orthobiologic tools represents a viable solution, considering their demonstrated efficacy, safety, and relatively easy manipulation. Perhaps a synergistic approach regarding the combination of these orthobiologics may promote more significant clinical outcomes rather than individual application. Although numerous optimistic results have been registered in the literature, additional studies and clinical trials are still highly desired to further illuminate the clinical utility and efficacy of these therapeutic strategies in the management of tendinopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciano C. Ramires
- Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, Centro Clínico Mãe de Deus, Porto Alegre 90110-270, Brazil;
| | - Madhan Jeyaraman
- Department of Orthopaedics, Faculty of Medicine—Sri Lalithambigai Medical College and Hospital, Dr MGR Educational and Research Institute, Chennai 600095, India;
- Department of Orthopaedics, Apollo Hospitals, Greams Road, Chennai 600006, India;
| | - Sathish Muthu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Government Medical College and Hospital, Dindigul 624304, India
- Correspondence: (S.M.); (G.S.S.); (P.G.)
| | - Navaladi Shankar A
- Department of Orthopaedics, Apollo Hospitals, Greams Road, Chennai 600006, India;
| | - Gabriel Silva Santos
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Bone and Cartilage Institute, Indaiatuba 13334-170, Brazil; (L.F.d.F.); (J.F.L.)
- Correspondence: (S.M.); (G.S.S.); (P.G.)
| | - Lucas Furtado da Fonseca
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Bone and Cartilage Institute, Indaiatuba 13334-170, Brazil; (L.F.d.F.); (J.F.L.)
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo 04024-002, Brazil
| | - José Fábio Lana
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Bone and Cartilage Institute, Indaiatuba 13334-170, Brazil; (L.F.d.F.); (J.F.L.)
| | - Ramya Lakshmi Rajendran
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea;
| | - Prakash Gangadaran
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea;
- BK21 FOUR KNU Convergence Educational Program of Biomedical Sciences for Creative Future Talents, Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea
- Correspondence: (S.M.); (G.S.S.); (P.G.)
| | - Manasi P. Jogalekar
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA;
| | - Alfredo A. Cardoso
- Department of Oncology-Integrative Medicine-Pain Care, IAC—Instituto Ana Cardoso de Práticas Integrativas e Medicina Regenerative, Gramado 95670-000, Brazil;
| | - Alex Eickhoff
- Department of Orthopaedics, Centro Ortopédico Eickhoff, Três de Maio 98910-000, Brazil;
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Wang D, Lyu Y, Yang Y, Zhang S, Chen G, Pan J, Tian W. Schwann cell-derived EVs facilitate dental pulp regeneration through endogenous stem cell recruitment via SDF-1/CXCR4 axis. Acta Biomater 2022; 140:610-624. [PMID: 34852303 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.11.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The dental pulp is critical for physiological vitality of the tooth, and dental pulp regeneration has great potential for rebuilding live pulp tissue after pulp disease. Schwann cells (SCs) play a critical role in the support, maintenance, and regeneration of nerve fibers in dental pulp. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), which possess cell homing and tissue repair potential, derived from SCs (SC-EVs), can regulate dental mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) proliferation, multipotency, and self-renewal. However, the role of SC-EVs in dental pulp tissue regeneration remains unclear. To address this question, we treated dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) and bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs) with SC-EVs, and the results showed an obvious increase in the proliferation, migration, and osteogenic differentiation of both cell types. SC-EVs also promoted neurite outgrowth and neuron migration of rat dorsal root ganglia, as well as vessel formation in vitro. In an in vivo model of subcutaneous, SC-EVs enhanced the recruitment of endogenous vascular endothelioid-like cells and MSCs, and promoted the formation of a pulpo-dentinal complex-like structure. Finally, mass spectrometry analyses and western blot revealed that stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF-1, also known as CXCL12) plays a dominant role in SC-EVs. Together, these data suggest that SC-EVs successfully recruit endogenous stem cells to promote dental pulp regeneration. Our results provide a cell-free strategy for pulp regeneration that avoids the risks associated with stem cell transplantation. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Dental pulp is vulnerable to infections resulting from dental care, trauma, and multiple restorations, with such infections resulting in pulpitis and pulp necrosis. The current endodontic treatment of irreversible pulp disease cannot restore the function of dental pulp and tissue engineering strategies using cell-based approaches are limited by several disadvantages, including immune rejection and limited cell sources. In this study, we found that schwann cells-derived EVs facilitated dental pulp regeneration through endogenous stem cells recruitment via SDF-1/CXCR4 axis without exogenous cell transplantation. We believe that our study makes a significant contribution to describe a cell-free strategy to promote dental pulp regeneration.
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39
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Prasai A, Jay JW, Jupiter D, Wolf SE, El Ayadi A. Role of Exosomes in Dermal Wound Healing: A Systematic Review. J Invest Dermatol 2022; 142:662-678.e8. [PMID: 34461128 PMCID: PMC9400548 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2021.07.167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Cell-based therapy imparts its therapeutic effects through soluble GFs and vesicular bodies such as exosomes. A systematic review with a meta-analysis of preclinical studies was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses and the modified Stroke Therapy Academic Industry Roundtable guidelines to identify exosomes as an archetype biological therapy for dermal wound healing and to provide guidelines for the concentrations to be used in preclinical studies. A total of 51 rodent studies were included in the systematic review and 9 were included in the meta-analysis section. Three independent reviewers cross-screened eligibility and selected studies for quality assessment from 3,064 published studies on exosomes and wound healing. The mean quality scores for all studies were 5.08 ± 0.752 and 5.11 ± 1.13 for systematic review and meta-analysis, respectively. Exosome effects were reported to have the highest efficacy at 7 days (OR = 1.82, 95% confidence interval = 0.69‒2.95) than at 14 days (OR = 2.29, 95% confidence interval = 0.01‒4.56) after administration. Exosomes were reported to regulate all phases of skin wound healing, mostly by the actions of circulating microRNA. The outcome of this review may be used to guide preclinical and clinical studies on the role of exosomes in wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anesh Prasai
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA.
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40
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Eugenol-Preconditioned Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Promote Antioxidant Capacity of Tendon Stem Cells In Vitro and In Vivo. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:3945195. [PMID: 35178155 PMCID: PMC8847013 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3945195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Tendon stem cells (TSCs) are often exposed to oxidative stress at tendon injury sites, which impairs their physiological effect as well as therapeutic application. Recently, extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) were shown to mediate cell protection and survival under stress conditions. The function of BMSC-EVs may be affected by pretreatment with various factors such as eugenol (EUG)—a powerful antioxidant. In our previous study, we found that H2O2 significantly impaired TSC proliferation and tenogenic differentiation capabilities. Apoptosis and intracellular ROS accumulation in TSCs were induced by H2O2. However, such H2O2-induced damage was prevented by treatment with EUG-BMSC-EVs. Furthermore, EUG-BMSC-EVs activated the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway to counteract H2O2-induced damage in TSCs. In a rat patellar tendon injury model, the ROS level was significantly higher than that in the normal tendon and TSCs not pretreated showed a poor therapeutic effect. However, EUG-BMSC-EV-pretreated TSCs significantly improved tenogenesis and matrix regeneration during tendon healing. Additionally, the EUG-BMSC-EV group had a significantly improved fiber arrangement. Overall, EUG-BMSC-EVs protected TSCs against oxidative stress and enhanced their functions in tendon injury. These findings provide a basis for potential clinical use of EUG-BMSC-EVs as a new therapeutic vehicle to facilitate TSC therapies for tendon regeneration.
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Yang J, Gao J, Gao F, Zhao Y, Deng B, Mu X, Xu L. Extracellular vesicles-encapsulated microRNA-29b-3p from bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells promotes fracture healing via modulation of the PTEN/PI3K/AKT axis. Exp Cell Res 2022; 412:113026. [PMID: 35026284 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2022.113026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) are well-established as vital regulators of fracture healing, whereas angiogenesis is one of the critical processes during the course of bone healing. Accordingly, the current study sought to determine the functions of microRNA (miR)-29b-3p from BM-MSCs-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) on the angiogenesis of fracture healing via the PTEN/PI3K/AKT axis. Firstly, BM-MSCs-EVs were extracted and identified. The lentiviral protocol was adopted to construct miR-29b-3pKD-BMSCs or miR-negative control-BMSCs, which were then co-cultured with human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in vitro to determine the roles of EVs-encapsulated miR-29b-3p on the proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis of HUVECs in vitro with the help of a CCK-8 assay, scratch test, and tube formation assay. Subsequent database prediction, luciferase activity assay, RT-qPCR, and Western blot assay findings identified the downstream target gene of miR-29b-3p, PTEN, and a signaling pathway, PI3K/AKT. Furthermore, the application of si-PTEN attenuated the effects induced by miR-29b-3pKD-EVs. Finally, a mouse model of femoral fracture was established with a locally instilled injection of equal volumes of BM-MSCs-EVs and miR-29b-3pKD-BM-MSCs-EVs. Notably, the mice treated with BMSC-EVs presented with enhanced neovascularization at the fracture site, in addition to increased bone volume (BV), BV/tissue volume, and mean bone mineral density; whereas miR-29b-3pKD-BMSCs-EVs-treated mice exhibited decreased vessel density with poor fracture healing capacity. Collectively, our findings elicited that BM-MSCs-EVs carrying miR-29b-3p were endocytosed by HUVECs, which consequently suppressed the PTEN expression and activated the PI3K/AKT pathway, thereby promoting HUVEC proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis, and ultimately facilitating fracture healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jizhou Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Jian Gao
- Mckelvey School of Engineering at Washington University in St. Louis, University City, Missouri, 63130, USA
| | - Feng Gao
- Department of Surgery, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tongzhou District, Beijing, 101121, China
| | - Yi Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Bowen Deng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Xiaohong Mu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China.
| | - Lin Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China.
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Malekpour K, Hazrati A, Zahar M, Markov A, Zekiy AO, Navashenaq JG, Roshangar L, Ahmadi M. The Potential Use of Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Their Derived Exosomes for Orthopedic Diseases Treatment. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2022; 18:933-951. [PMID: 34169411 PMCID: PMC8224994 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-021-10185-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are conditions that can affect muscles, bones, and joints. These disorders are very painful and severely limit patients' mobility and are more common in the elderly. MSCs are multipotent stem cells isolated from embryonic (such as the umbilical cord) and mature sources (such as adipose tissue and bone marrow). These cells can differentiate into various cells such as osteoblasts, adipocytes, chondrocytes, NP-like cells, Etc. Due to MSC characteristics such as immunomodulatory properties, ability to migrate to the site of injury, recruitment of cells involved in repair, production of growth factors, and large amount production of extracellular vesicles, these cells have been used in many regenerative-related medicine studies. Also, MSCs produce different types of EVs, such as exosomes, to the extracellular environment. Exosomes reflect MSCs' characteristics and do not have cell therapy-associated problems because they are cell-free. These vesicles carry proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids to the host cell and change their function. This review focuses on MSCs and MSCs exosomes' role in repairing dense connective tissues such as tendons, cartilage, invertebrate disc, bone fracture, and osteoporosis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kosar Malekpour
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Hazrati
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marziah Zahar
- Social Security Centre of Excellence, School of Business Management, College of Business, Universiti Utara Malaysia, Sintok Kedah, Malaysia
| | | | - Angelina Olegovna Zekiy
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Leila Roshangar
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Majid Ahmadi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Chen SH, Chen ZY, Lin YH, Chen SH, Chou PY, Kao HK, Lin FH. Extracellular Vesicles of Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Promote the Healing of Traumatized Achilles Tendons. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222212373. [PMID: 34830254 PMCID: PMC8618291 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Healing of ruptured tendons remains a clinical challenge because of its slow progress and relatively weak mechanical force at an early stage. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have therapeutic potential for tissue regeneration. In this study, we isolated EVs from adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) and evaluated their ability to promote tendon regeneration. Our results indicated that ADSC-EVs significantly enhanced the proliferation and migration of tenocytes in vitro. To further study the roles of ADSC-EVs in tendon regeneration, ADSC-EVs were used in Achilles tendon repair in rabbits. The mechanical strength, histology, and protein expression in the injured tendon tissues significantly improved 4 weeks after ADSC-EV treatment. Decorin and biglycan were significantly upregulated in comparison to the untreated controls. In summary, ADSC-EVs stimulated the proliferation and migration of tenocytes and improved the mechanical strength of repaired tendons, suggesting that ADSC-EV treatment is a potential highly potent therapeutic strategy for tendon injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Heng Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan; (S.-H.C.); (Z.-Y.C.); (S.-H.C.)
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University and Medical College, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan; (Y.-H.L.); (P.-Y.C.)
| | - Zhi-Yu Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan; (S.-H.C.); (Z.-Y.C.); (S.-H.C.)
- Division of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 35053, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Hsuan Lin
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University and Medical College, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan; (Y.-H.L.); (P.-Y.C.)
| | - Shih-Hsien Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan; (S.-H.C.); (Z.-Y.C.); (S.-H.C.)
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University and Medical College, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan; (Y.-H.L.); (P.-Y.C.)
| | - Pang-Yun Chou
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University and Medical College, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan; (Y.-H.L.); (P.-Y.C.)
| | - Huang-Kai Kao
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University and Medical College, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan; (Y.-H.L.); (P.-Y.C.)
- Correspondence: (H.-K.K.); (F.-H.L.); Tel.: +886-328-1200 (ext. 3355) (H.-K.K.); +886-928-260-400 (F.-H.L.)
| | - Feng-Huei Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan; (S.-H.C.); (Z.-Y.C.); (S.-H.C.)
- Division of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 35053, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (H.-K.K.); (F.-H.L.); Tel.: +886-328-1200 (ext. 3355) (H.-K.K.); +886-928-260-400 (F.-H.L.)
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Ding N, Zeng MY, Song WJ, Xiao CX, Li EM, Wei B. SP600125 Restored TNF-α-Induced Impaired Chondrogenesis in Bone Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Its Antiosteoarthritis Effect in Mice. Stem Cells Dev 2021; 30:1028-1036. [PMID: 34486378 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2021.0146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation, the main factor in the progression of osteoarthritis (OA), impairs the chondrogenesis of bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), which is an appealing process to target to regenerate impaired articular cartilage. This article aimed to investigate whether SP600125, a competitive ATP-specific inhibitor of the JNK pathway, could promote the chondrogenesis of BMSCs by enhancing their anti-inflammatory capacity. Chondrogenic differentiation was assessed by Alcian blue staining, immunofluorescence staining, and Western blot. The inflammation level was associated with the expression of matrix metalloproteinases (Mmp), evaluated by Western blot. Intra-articular injection of BMSCs pretreated with or without SP600125 was carried out on C57BL/6 mice after inducing OA by surgical destabilization of the medial meniscus. Safranin O-fast green (SO) and hematoxylin-eosin staining were employed to evaluate the cartilage destruction and immunohistochemical analysis was adopted to detect the expression of Col2 and Mmp-13 proteins in the mouse knee joint. We showed that SP600125 could inhibit inflammation induced by tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and promote the chondrogenesis of BMSCs. In the presence of TNF-α, the expression of aggrecan (Agc) and collagen type II alpha 1 (Col2) was significantly decreased compared with that in the control group and increased with the addition of SP600125. Moreover, the expression of Mmp-1, Mmp-3, and Mmp-13 was increased in BMSCs treated only with TNF-α and downregulated in SP600125-treated BMSCs. In vivo study showed that SP600125 could enhance protective effects of BMSCs on OA mice. Our results indicated that SP600125 rescued the chondrogenesis of BMSCs by inhibiting inflammation induced by TNF-α, which provides a theoretical basis for solving the problem of cartilage repair under inflammatory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Ding
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens Prevention and Control, Pathogenic Biology Institute, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Mei-Yu Zeng
- Research Lab of Translational Medicine, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Wen-Jin Song
- Research Lab of Translational Medicine, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Chu-Xiong Xiao
- Research Lab of Translational Medicine, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Er-Mao Li
- Research Lab of Translational Medicine, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Bo Wei
- Research Lab of Translational Medicine, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China.,Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Human International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, China
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45
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Lu V, Tennyson M, Zhang J, Khan W. Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles in Tendon and Ligament Repair-A Systematic Review of In Vivo Studies. Cells 2021; 10:cells10102553. [PMID: 34685532 PMCID: PMC8533909 DOI: 10.3390/cells10102553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Tendon and ligament injury poses an increasingly large burden to society. This systematic review explores whether mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles (MSC-EVs) can facilitate tendon/ligament repair in vivo. On 26 May 2021, a systematic search was performed on PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase, to identify all studies that utilised MSC-EVs for tendon/ligament healing. Studies administering EVs isolated from human or animal-derived MSCs into in vivo models of tendon/ligament injury were included. In vitro, ex vivo, and in silico studies were excluded, and studies without a control group were excluded. Out of 383 studies identified, 11 met the inclusion criteria. Data on isolation, the characterisation of MSCs and EVs, and the in vivo findings in in vivo models were extracted. All included studies reported better tendon/ligament repair following MSC-EV treatment, but not all found improvements in every parameter measured. Biomechanics, an important index for tendon/ligament repair, was reported by only eight studies, from which evidence linking biomechanical alterations to functional improvement was weak. Nevertheless, the studies in this review showcased the safety and efficacy of MSC-EV therapy for tendon/ligament healing, by attenuating the initial inflammatory response and accelerating tendon matrix regeneration, providing a basis for potential clinical use in tendon/ligament repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Lu
- School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0SP, UK; (V.L.); (J.Z.)
| | - Maria Tennyson
- Department of Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK;
| | - James Zhang
- School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0SP, UK; (V.L.); (J.Z.)
| | - Wasim Khan
- Department of Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +44-(0)-7791-025554
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46
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Bray ER, Oropallo AR, Grande DA, Kirsner RS, Badiavas EV. Extracellular Vesicles as Therapeutic Tools for the Treatment of Chronic Wounds. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:1543. [PMID: 34683836 PMCID: PMC8541217 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13101543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic wounds develop when the orderly process of cutaneous wound healing is delayed or disrupted. Development of a chronic wound is associated with significant morbidity and financial burden to the individual and health-care system. Therefore, new therapeutic modalities are needed to address this serious condition. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) promote skin repair, but their clinical use has been limited due to technical challenges. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are particles released by cells that carry bioactive molecules (lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids) and regulate intercellular communication. EVs (exosomes, microvesicles, and apoptotic bodies) mediate key therapeutic effects of MSCs. In this review we examine the experimental data establishing a role for EVs in wound healing. Then, we explore techniques for designing EVs to function as a targeted drug delivery system and how EVs can be incorporated into biomaterials to produce a personalized wound dressing. Finally, we discuss the status of clinically deploying EVs as a therapeutic agent in wound care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric R. Bray
- Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (E.R.B.); (R.S.K.)
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Alisha R. Oropallo
- Comprehensive Wound Healing Center and Hyperbarics, Department of Vascular Surgery, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine, Hofstra/Northwell Health, Hempstead, NY 11549, USA; (A.R.O.); (D.A.G.)
- Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA
| | - Daniel A. Grande
- Comprehensive Wound Healing Center and Hyperbarics, Department of Vascular Surgery, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine, Hofstra/Northwell Health, Hempstead, NY 11549, USA; (A.R.O.); (D.A.G.)
- Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Long Island Jewish Medical Center, Northwell Health, New Hyde Park, NY 11040, USA
| | - Robert S. Kirsner
- Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (E.R.B.); (R.S.K.)
| | - Evangelos V. Badiavas
- Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (E.R.B.); (R.S.K.)
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
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47
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Fang WH, Agrawal DK, Thankam FG. "Smart Exosomes": A Smart Approach for Tendon Regeneration. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2021; 28:613-625. [PMID: 34074136 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2021.0075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Shoulder tendon injuries are the common musculoskeletal disorder resulting in significant pain and disability. These injuries are characterized by chronic inflammation and tissue degeneration. Tendon pathology exhibits poor innate healing ability, enhanced inflammation, disorganized collagen fibers, calcification, and scar tissue formation affecting the normal healing process. Extracellular vesicle, especially exosomes, treatment has been emerging as a potential regenerative strategy improving the outcomes and biomechanical properties, accelerating tenocyte proliferation and migration, reducing inflammation, and facilitating the healing at tendon-bone interface. In this article, we critically reviewed the potential role of exosomes in tendon regeneration and their applications to accelerate the healing response following injury. In addition, the article provides novel insights on the concept of "Smart Exosomes" by programming/manipulating the secretome contents and functions of exosomes in the management of shoulder tendon injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- William H Fang
- Department of Translational Research, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, California, USA
| | - Devendra K Agrawal
- Department of Translational Research, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, California, USA
| | - Finosh G Thankam
- Department of Translational Research, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, California, USA
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48
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Shi G, Wang Y, Wang Z, Thoreson AR, Jacobson DS, Amadio PC, Behfar A, Moran SL, Zhao C. A novel engineered purified exosome product patch for tendon healing: An explant in an ex vivo model. J Orthop Res 2021; 39:1825-1837. [PMID: 32936480 PMCID: PMC9235100 DOI: 10.1002/jor.24859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Reducing tendon failure after repair remains a challenge due to its poor intrinsic healing ability. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of a novel tissue-engineered purified exosome product (PEP) patch on tendon healing in a canine ex vivo model. Lacerated flexor digitorum profundus (FDP) tendons from three canines' paws underwent simulated repair with Tisseel patch alone or biopotentiated with PEP. For the ex vivo model, FDP tendons were randomly divided into three groups: FDP tendon repair alone group (Control), Tisseel patch alone group, and the Tisseel plus PEP (TEPEP) patch group. Following 4 weeks of tissue culture, the failure load, stiffness, histology, and gene expression of the healing tendon were evaluated. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that in exosomes of PEP the diameters ranged from 93.70 to 124.65 nm, and the patch release test showed this TEPEP patch could stably release the extracellular vesicle over 2 weeks. The failure strength of the tendon in the TEPEP patch group was significantly higher than that of the Control group and Tisseel alone group. The results of histology showed that the TEPEP patch group had the smallest healing gap and the largest number of fibroblasts on the surface of the injured tendon. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction showed that TEPEP patch increased the expression of collagen type III, matrix metallopeptidase 2 (MMP2), MMP3, MMP14, and reduced the expression of transforming growth factor β1, interleukin 6. This study shows that the TEPEP patch could promote tendon repair by reducing gap formation and inflammatory response, increasing the activity of endogenous cells, and formation of type III collagen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guidong Shi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA,Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yicun Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Zhanwen Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | | | - Peter C. Amadio
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Atta Behfar
- Van Cleve Cardiac Regenerative Medicine Program, Center for Regenerative Medicine, Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Steven L. Moran
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Chunfeng Zhao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA,Correspondence: Chunfeng Zhao, M.D. Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA, Phone: 507-538-1296 /
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49
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Nagelkerke A, Ojansivu M, van der Koog L, Whittaker TE, Cunnane EM, Silva AM, Dekker N, Stevens MM. Extracellular vesicles for tissue repair and regeneration: Evidence, challenges and opportunities. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 175:113775. [PMID: 33872693 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are biological nanoparticles naturally secreted by cells, acting as delivery vehicles for molecular messages. During the last decade, EVs have been assigned multiple functions that have established their potential as therapeutic mediators for a variety of diseases and conditions. In this review paper, we report on the potential of EVs in tissue repair and regeneration. The regenerative properties that have been associated with EVs are explored, detailing the molecular cargo they carry that is capable of mediating such effects, the signaling cascades triggered in target cells and the functional outcome achieved. EV interactions and biodistribution in vivo that influence their regenerative effects are also described, particularly upon administration in combination with biomaterials. Finally, we review the progress that has been made for the successful implementation of EV regenerative therapies in a clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anika Nagelkerke
- Pharmaceutical Analysis, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, P.O. Box 196, XB20, 9700 AD Groningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Miina Ojansivu
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Luke van der Koog
- Molecular Pharmacology, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, P.O. Box 196, XB10, 9700 AD Groningen, the Netherlands; GRIAC Research Institute, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Thomas E Whittaker
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London, UK; Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, UK; Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Eoghan M Cunnane
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London, UK; Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, UK; Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, UK.
| | - Andreia M Silva
- Discovery Biology, Discovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Niek Dekker
- Discovery Biology, Discovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Molly M Stevens
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London, UK; Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, UK; Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, UK.
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50
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He J, Ping S, Yu F, Yuan X, Wang J, Qi J. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes: therapeutic implications for rotator cuff injury. Regen Med 2021; 16:803-815. [PMID: 34261369 DOI: 10.2217/rme-2020-0183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Rotator cuff injuries are a common clinical condition of the shoulder joint. Surgery that involves reattaching the torn tendon to its humeral head bony attachment has a somewhat lower success rate. The scar tissue formed during healing of the rotator cuff leads to poor tendon-related mechanical properties. To promote healing, a range of genetic interventions, as well as cell transplantation, and many other techniques have been explored. In recent years, the therapeutic promise of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) has been well documented in animal and clinical studies. Some data have suggested that MSCs can promote angiogenesis, reduce inflammation and cell proliferation and increase collagen deposition. These functions are likely paracrine effects of MSCs, particularly mediated through exosomes. Here, we review the use of MSCs-related exosomes in tissues and organs. We also discuss their potential utility for treating rotator cuff injuries, and explore the underlying mechanisms of their effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinbing He
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, PR China
| | - Shuai Ping
- Department of Orthopedics, Liyuan Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430077, PR China
| | - Fangyang Yu
- Department of Orthopedics, Liyuan Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430077, PR China
| | - Xi Yuan
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, PR China
| | - Jiang Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, PR China
| | - Jun Qi
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, PR China
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