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An Q, Gu X, Jiang Y. The Role of Interleukin-24 and Downstream Pathways in Inflammatory and Autoimmune Diseases. Cell Biochem Biophys 2024:10.1007/s12013-024-01576-3. [PMID: 39373906 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-024-01576-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/22/2024] [Indexed: 10/08/2024]
Abstract
Inflammatory and autoimmune diseases are pathological immune disorders and pose significant public health challenges due to their impact on individuals and society. Cytokine dysregulation plays a critical role in the development of these disorders. Interleukin (IL)-24, a member of the IL-10 cytokine family, can be secreted by various cell types, including immune and non-immune cells. The downstream effects of IL-24 upon binding to its receptors can occur in dependence on, or independently of, the Janus kinase (JAK)/signal transducer and the activator of transcription (STAT) signaling pathway. IL-24 and its downstream pathways influence crucial processes such as cell differentiation, proliferation, apoptosis, and inflammation, with its role varying across different diseases. On the one hand, IL-24 can inhibit the activation of pathogenic cells and autoimmune responses in autoimmune ocular diseases; on the other hand, IL-24 has been also implicated in promoting tissue damage by fostering immune cell activation and infiltration in psoriasis and allergic diseases. It suggests that IL-24, as a multifunctional cytokine, has complex regulatory functions in immune cells and related diseases. In this paper, we summarize the current knowledge on IL-24's immunomodulatory actions and its involvement in inflammatory and autoimmune disorders. Such insights may pave the way for novel therapeutic strategies for these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiyun An
- Department of Ophthalmology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Changchun Children's Hospital, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Xiaoyu Gu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Changchun Children's Hospital, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yuying Jiang
- Department of Ophthalmology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China.
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2
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Feng K, Cen J, Zou X, Zhang T. Novel insight into MDA-7/IL-24: A potent therapeutic target for autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. Clin Immunol 2024; 266:110322. [PMID: 39033900 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2024.110322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Melanoma differentiation-associated gene-7 (MDA-7)/interleukin-24 (IL-24) is a pleiotropic member of the IL-10 family of cytokines, and is involved in multiple biological processes, including cell proliferation, cell differentiation, tissue fibrosis, the inflammatory response, and antitumor activity. MDA-7/IL-24 can regulate epithelial integrity, homeostasis, mucosal immunity and host resistance to various pathogens by enhancing immune and inflammatory responses. Our recent study revealed the mechanism of MDA-7/IL-24 in promoting airway inflammation and airway remodeling through activating the JAK/STAT3 and ERK signaling pathways in bronchial epithelial cells. Herein, we summarize the cellular sources, inducers, target cells, signaling pathways, and biological effects of MDA-7/IL-24 in several allergic and autoimmune diseases. This review also synopsizes recent advances in clinical research targeting MDA-7/IL-24 or its receptors. Based on these advancements, we emphasize its potential as a target for immunotherapy and discuss the challenges of developing immunotherapeutic drugs targeting MDA-7/IL-24 or its receptors in autoimmune and inflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangni Feng
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Institute of Respiratory Disease of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510630, China
| | - Jiemei Cen
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Institute of Respiratory Disease of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510630, China
| | - Xiaoling Zou
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Institute of Respiratory Disease of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510630, China
| | - Tiantuo Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Institute of Respiratory Disease of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510630, China.
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3
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Haertlé J, Kienlin P, Begemann G, Werfel T, Roesner LM. Inhibition of IL-17 ameliorates keratinocyte-borne cytokine responses in an in vitro model for house-dust-mite triggered atopic dermatitis. Sci Rep 2023; 13:16628. [PMID: 37789035 PMCID: PMC10547677 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-42595-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
A subgroup of patients suffering from atopic dermatitis (AD) does not respond to biologics therapy targeting the key players of type-2 inflammation, and it is an ongoing discussion whether skin-infiltrating Th17 cells may underlie this phenomenon. This study aimed to investigate the potential of allergen-induced, immune-cell derived IL-17 on the induction of inflammatory processes in keratinocytes. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells derived from respectively sensitized AD patients were stimulated with house dust mite (HDM) extract and cell culture supernatants were applied subsequently in absence or presence of secukinumab to primary human keratinocytes. Hereby we confirm that the immune response of sensitized AD patients to HDM contains aside from type-2 cytokines significant amounts of IL-17. Blocking IL-17 efficiently reduced the stimulation-induced changes in keratinocyte gene expression. IL-17-dependent transcriptional changes included increased expression of the cytokines IL-20 and IL-24 as well as Suppressor of Cytokine Siganling 3 (SOCS3), a negative feedback-regulator of the STAT3/IL-17/IL-24 immune response. We conclude that the immune response to HDM can induce pro-inflammatory cytokines from keratinocytes in AD, which in part is mediated via IL-17. Targeting IL-17 may turn out to be a reasonable alternative therapy in a subgroup of patients with moderate to severe AD and HDM sensitization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliane Haertlé
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Hannover Medical School (MHH), Carl-Neuberg-Str.1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Petra Kienlin
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Hannover Medical School (MHH), Carl-Neuberg-Str.1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Gabriele Begemann
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Hannover Medical School (MHH), Carl-Neuberg-Str.1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Thomas Werfel
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Hannover Medical School (MHH), Carl-Neuberg-Str.1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence RESIST (EXC 2155), Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany
| | - Lennart M Roesner
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Hannover Medical School (MHH), Carl-Neuberg-Str.1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.
- Cluster of Excellence RESIST (EXC 2155), Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany.
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4
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Smith S, Lopez S, Kim A, Kasteri J, Olumuyide E, Punu K, de la Parra C, Sauane M. Interleukin 24: Signal Transduction Pathways. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3365. [PMID: 37444474 PMCID: PMC10340555 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15133365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Interleukin 24 is a member of the IL-10 family with crucial roles in antitumor, wound healing responses, host defense, immune regulation, and inflammation. Interleukin 24 is produced by both immune and nonimmune cells. Its canonical pathway relies on recognition and interaction with specific Interleukin 20 receptors in the plasma membrane and subsequent cytoplasmic Janus protein tyrosine kinases (JAK)/signal transducer and activator of the transcription (STAT) activation. The identification of noncanonical JAK/STAT-independent signaling pathways downstream of IL-24 relies on the interaction of IL-24 with protein kinase R in the cytosol, respiratory chain proteins in the inner mitochondrial membrane, and chaperones such as Sigma 1 Receptor in the endoplasmic reticulum. Numerous studies have shown that enhancing or inhibiting the expression of Interleukin 24 has a therapeutic effect in animal models and clinical trials in different pathologies. Successful drug targeting will require a deeper understanding of the downstream signaling pathways. In this review, we discuss the signaling pathway triggered by IL-24.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simira Smith
- Department of Biological Sciences, Herbert H. Lehman College, City University of New York, 250 Bedford Park Boulevard West, Bronx, NY 10468, USA; (S.S.); (S.L.); (J.K.); (E.O.); (K.P.)
| | - Sual Lopez
- Department of Biological Sciences, Herbert H. Lehman College, City University of New York, 250 Bedford Park Boulevard West, Bronx, NY 10468, USA; (S.S.); (S.L.); (J.K.); (E.O.); (K.P.)
| | - Anastassiya Kim
- Ph.D. Program in Biology, The Graduate Center, City University of New York, 365 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA; (A.K.); (C.d.l.P.)
| | - Justina Kasteri
- Department of Biological Sciences, Herbert H. Lehman College, City University of New York, 250 Bedford Park Boulevard West, Bronx, NY 10468, USA; (S.S.); (S.L.); (J.K.); (E.O.); (K.P.)
| | - Ezekiel Olumuyide
- Department of Biological Sciences, Herbert H. Lehman College, City University of New York, 250 Bedford Park Boulevard West, Bronx, NY 10468, USA; (S.S.); (S.L.); (J.K.); (E.O.); (K.P.)
| | - Kristian Punu
- Department of Biological Sciences, Herbert H. Lehman College, City University of New York, 250 Bedford Park Boulevard West, Bronx, NY 10468, USA; (S.S.); (S.L.); (J.K.); (E.O.); (K.P.)
| | - Columba de la Parra
- Ph.D. Program in Biology, The Graduate Center, City University of New York, 365 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA; (A.K.); (C.d.l.P.)
- Department of Chemistry, Herbert H. Lehman College, City University of New York, 250 Bedford Park Boulevard West, Bronx, NY 10468, USA
| | - Moira Sauane
- Department of Biological Sciences, Herbert H. Lehman College, City University of New York, 250 Bedford Park Boulevard West, Bronx, NY 10468, USA; (S.S.); (S.L.); (J.K.); (E.O.); (K.P.)
- Ph.D. Program in Biology, The Graduate Center, City University of New York, 365 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA; (A.K.); (C.d.l.P.)
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5
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Sie C, Kant R, Peter C, Muschaweckh A, Pfaller M, Nirschl L, Moreno HD, Chadimová T, Lepennetier G, Kuhlmann T, Öllinger R, Engleitner T, Rad R, Korn T. IL-24 intrinsically regulates Th17 cell pathogenicity in mice. J Exp Med 2022; 219:213347. [PMID: 35819408 PMCID: PMC9280194 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20212443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In certain instances, Th17 responses are associated with severe immunopathology. T cell–intrinsic mechanisms that restrict pathogenic effector functions have been described for type 1 and 2 responses but are less well studied for Th17 cells. Here, we report a cell-intrinsic feedback mechanism that controls the pathogenicity of Th17 cells. Th17 cells produce IL-24, which prompts them to secrete IL-10. The IL-10–inducing function of IL-24 is independent of the cell surface receptor of IL-24 on Th17 cells. Rather, IL-24 is recruited to the inner mitochondrial membrane, where it interacts with the NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 1 α subcomplex subunit 13 (also known as Grim19), a constituent of complex I of the respiratory chain. Together, Grim19 and IL-24 promote the accumulation of STAT3 in the mitochondrial compartment. We propose that IL-24–guided mitochondrial STAT3 constitutes a rheostat to blunt extensive STAT3 deflections in the nucleus, which might then contribute to a robust IL-10 response in Th17 cells and a restriction of immunopathology in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Sie
- Institute for Experimental Neuroimmunology, Technical University of Munich School of Medicine, Munich, Germany
| | - Ravi Kant
- Institute for Experimental Neuroimmunology, Technical University of Munich School of Medicine, Munich, Germany
| | - Christian Peter
- Institute for Experimental Neuroimmunology, Technical University of Munich School of Medicine, Munich, Germany
| | - Andreas Muschaweckh
- Institute for Experimental Neuroimmunology, Technical University of Munich School of Medicine, Munich, Germany
| | - Monika Pfaller
- Institute for Experimental Neuroimmunology, Technical University of Munich School of Medicine, Munich, Germany
| | - Lucy Nirschl
- Institute for Experimental Neuroimmunology, Technical University of Munich School of Medicine, Munich, Germany
| | - Helena Domínguez Moreno
- Institute for Experimental Neuroimmunology, Technical University of Munich School of Medicine, Munich, Germany
| | - Tereza Chadimová
- Institute for Experimental Neuroimmunology, Technical University of Munich School of Medicine, Munich, Germany
| | - Gildas Lepennetier
- Institute for Experimental Neuroimmunology, Technical University of Munich School of Medicine, Munich, Germany
| | - Tanja Kuhlmann
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Rupert Öllinger
- Institute of Molecular Oncology and Functional Genomics, TranslaTUM Cancer Center, Technical University of Munich School of Medicine, Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Engleitner
- Institute of Molecular Oncology and Functional Genomics, TranslaTUM Cancer Center, Technical University of Munich School of Medicine, Munich, Germany
| | - Roland Rad
- Institute of Molecular Oncology and Functional Genomics, TranslaTUM Cancer Center, Technical University of Munich School of Medicine, Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Korn
- Institute for Experimental Neuroimmunology, Technical University of Munich School of Medicine, Munich, Germany.,Department of Neurology, Technical University of Munich School of Medicine, Munich, Germany.,Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
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6
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Dayton JR, Yuan Y, Pacumio LP, Dorflinger BG, Yoo SC, Olson MJ, Hernández-Suárez SI, McMahon MM, Cruz-Orengo L. Expression of IL-20 Receptor Subunit β Is Linked to EAE Neuropathology and CNS Neuroinflammation. Front Cell Neurosci 2021; 15:683687. [PMID: 34557075 PMCID: PMC8452993 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2021.683687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Considerable clinical evidence supports that increased blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability is linked to immune extravasation of CNS parenchyma during neuroinflammation. Although BBB permeability and immune extravasation are known to be provoked by vascular endothelial growth factor-A (i.e., VEGF-A) and C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 12 (CXCL12), respectively, the mechanisms that link both processes are still elusive. The interleukin-20 (i.e., IL-20) cytokine signaling pathway was previously implicated in VEGF-mediated angiogenesis and is known to induce cellular response by way of signaling through IL-20 receptor subunit β (i.e., IL-20RB). Dysregulated IL-20 signaling is implicated in many inflammatory pathologies, but it's contribution to neuroinflammation has yet to be reported. We hypothesize that the IL-20 cytokine, and the IL cytokine subfamily more broadly, play a key role in CNS neuroinflammation by signaling through IL-20RB, induce VEGF activity, and enhance both BBB-permeability and CXCL12-mediated immune extravasation. To address this hypothesis, we actively immunized IL-20RB-/- mice and wild-type mice to induce experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) and found that IL-20RB-/- mice showed amelioration of disease progression compared to wild-type mice. Similarly, we passively immunized IL-20RB-/- mice and wild-type mice with myelin-reactive Th1 cells from either IL-20RB-/- and wild-type genotype. Host IL-20RB-/- mice showed lesser disease progression than wild-type mice, regardless of the myelin-reactive Th1 cells genotype. Using multianalyte bead-based immunoassay and ELISA, we found distinctive changes in levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines between IL-20RB-/- mice and wild-type mice at peak of EAE. We also found detectable levels of all cytokines of the IL-20 subfamily within CNS tissues and specific alteration to IL-20 subfamily cytokines IL-19, IL-20, and IL-24, expression levels. Immunolabeling of CNS region-specific microvessels confirmed IL-20RB protein at the spinal cord microvasculature and upregulation during EAE. Microvessels isolated from macaques CNS tissues also expressed IL-20RB. Moreover, we identified the expression of all IL-20 receptor subunits: IL-22 receptor subunit α-1 (IL-22RA1), IL-20RB, and IL-20 receptor subunit α (IL-20RA) in human CNS microvessels. Notably, human cerebral microvasculature endothelial cells (HCMEC/D3) treated with IL-1β showed augmented expression of the IL-20 receptor. Lastly, IL-20-treated HCMEC/D3 showed alterations on CXCL12 apicobasal polarity consistent with a neuroinflammatory status. This evidence suggests that IL-20 subfamily cytokines may signal at the BBB via IL-20RB, triggering neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacquelyn R Dayton
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Cell Biology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Yinyu Yuan
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Cell Biology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Lisa P Pacumio
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Cell Biology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Bryce G Dorflinger
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Cell Biology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Samantha C Yoo
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Cell Biology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Mariah J Olson
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Cell Biology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Sara I Hernández-Suárez
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Cell Biology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States.,Bayer School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Duquesne University of the Holy Spirit, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Moira M McMahon
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Cell Biology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States.,Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, College of Letters and Science, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Lillian Cruz-Orengo
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Cell Biology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
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7
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Brook B, Harbeson DJ, Shannon CP, Cai B, He D, Ben-Othman R, Francis F, Huang J, Varankovich N, Liu A, Bao W, Bjerregaard-Andersen M, Schaltz-Buchholzer F, Sanca L, Golding CN, Larsen KL, Levy O, Kampmann B, Tan R, Charles A, Wynn JL, Shann F, Aaby P, Benn CS, Tebbutt SJ, Kollmann TR, Amenyogbe N. BCG vaccination-induced emergency granulopoiesis provides rapid protection from neonatal sepsis. Sci Transl Med 2021; 12:12/542/eaax4517. [PMID: 32376769 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aax4517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Death from sepsis in the neonatal period remains a serious threat for millions. Within 3 days of administration, bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination can reduce mortality from neonatal sepsis in human newborns, but the underlying mechanism for this rapid protection is unknown. We found that BCG was also protective in a mouse model of neonatal polymicrobial sepsis, where it induced granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) within hours of administration. This was necessary and sufficient to drive emergency granulopoiesis (EG), resulting in a marked increase in neutrophils. This increase in neutrophils was directly and quantitatively responsible for protection from sepsis. Rapid induction of EG after BCG administration also occurred in three independent cohorts of human neonates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byron Brook
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of British Columbia, 2775 Laurel Street, 10th Floor, Room 10117, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada
| | - Danny J Harbeson
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of British Columbia, 2775 Laurel Street, 10th Floor, Room 10117, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada
| | - Casey P Shannon
- PROOF Centre of Excellence, British Columbia, 10th floor, 1190 Hornby Street, Vancouver, BC V6Z 2K5, Canada.,UBC Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St. Paul's Hospital, 1081 Burrard Street, Vancouver, BC V6Z 1Y6, Canada
| | - Bing Cai
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, and BC Children's Hospital, 4480 Oak Street, Vancouver, BC V6H 3V4, Canada
| | - Daniel He
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of British Columbia, 2775 Laurel Street, 10th Floor, Room 10117, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada.,PROOF Centre of Excellence, British Columbia, 10th floor, 1190 Hornby Street, Vancouver, BC V6Z 2K5, Canada.,UBC Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St. Paul's Hospital, 1081 Burrard Street, Vancouver, BC V6Z 1Y6, Canada
| | - Rym Ben-Othman
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, and BC Children's Hospital, 4480 Oak Street, Vancouver, BC V6H 3V4, Canada
| | - Freddy Francis
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of British Columbia, 2775 Laurel Street, 10th Floor, Room 10117, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada
| | - Joe Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, and BC Children's Hospital, 4480 Oak Street, Vancouver, BC V6H 3V4, Canada
| | - Natallia Varankovich
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, and BC Children's Hospital, 4480 Oak Street, Vancouver, BC V6H 3V4, Canada
| | - Aaron Liu
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of British Columbia, 2775 Laurel Street, 10th Floor, Room 10117, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada
| | - Winnie Bao
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, and BC Children's Hospital, 4480 Oak Street, Vancouver, BC V6H 3V4, Canada
| | - Morten Bjerregaard-Andersen
- Bandim Health Project, Indepth Network, Apartado 861, 1004 Bissau, Guinea-Bissau.,Research Center for Vitamins and Vaccines (CVIVA), Statens Serum Institut (SSI), Artillerivej 5, 2300 Copenhagen S, Denmark.,Department of Endocrinology, Odense University Hospital, Kløvervænget 6, 5000 Odense C, Denmark
| | - Frederik Schaltz-Buchholzer
- Bandim Health Project, Indepth Network, Apartado 861, 1004 Bissau, Guinea-Bissau.,Research Center for Vitamins and Vaccines (CVIVA), Statens Serum Institut (SSI), Artillerivej 5, 2300 Copenhagen S, Denmark.,OPEN, Institute of Clinical Research and Danish Institute for Advanced Science, University of Southern Denmark, and Odense University Hospital, J.B. Winsløws Vej, 5000 Odense C, Denmark
| | - Lilica Sanca
- Bandim Health Project, Indepth Network, Apartado 861, 1004 Bissau, Guinea-Bissau
| | - Christian N Golding
- Bandim Health Project, Indepth Network, Apartado 861, 1004 Bissau, Guinea-Bissau.,Research Center for Vitamins and Vaccines (CVIVA), Statens Serum Institut (SSI), Artillerivej 5, 2300 Copenhagen S, Denmark
| | - Kristina Lindberg Larsen
- Bandim Health Project, Indepth Network, Apartado 861, 1004 Bissau, Guinea-Bissau.,Research Center for Vitamins and Vaccines (CVIVA), Statens Serum Institut (SSI), Artillerivej 5, 2300 Copenhagen S, Denmark
| | - Ofer Levy
- Precision Vaccines Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Beate Kampmann
- Vaccines and Immunity Theme, Medical Research Council Unit, The Gambia at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Atlantic Boulevard, P.O. Box 273, Banjul, The Gambia.,Vaccine Centre, Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London WC1E 7HT, UK
| | | | - Rusung Tan
- Department of Pathology, Sidra Medicine and Weill Cornell Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Adrian Charles
- Department of Pathology, Sidra Medicine and Weill Cornell Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - James L Wynn
- Department of Paediatrics and Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, P.O. Box 100296, Gainesville, FL 32610-0296, USA
| | - Frank Shann
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Peter Aaby
- Bandim Health Project, Indepth Network, Apartado 861, 1004 Bissau, Guinea-Bissau
| | - Christine S Benn
- Bandim Health Project, Indepth Network, Apartado 861, 1004 Bissau, Guinea-Bissau.,Research Center for Vitamins and Vaccines (CVIVA), Statens Serum Institut (SSI), Artillerivej 5, 2300 Copenhagen S, Denmark.,OPEN, Institute of Clinical Research and Danish Institute for Advanced Science, University of Southern Denmark, and Odense University Hospital, J.B. Winsløws Vej, 5000 Odense C, Denmark
| | - Scott J Tebbutt
- PROOF Centre of Excellence, British Columbia, 10th floor, 1190 Hornby Street, Vancouver, BC V6Z 2K5, Canada.,UBC Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St. Paul's Hospital, 1081 Burrard Street, Vancouver, BC V6Z 1Y6, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Division of Respiratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada
| | - Tobias R Kollmann
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of British Columbia, 2775 Laurel Street, 10th Floor, Room 10117, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada. .,Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, and BC Children's Hospital, 4480 Oak Street, Vancouver, BC V6H 3V4, Canada.,Telethon Kids Institute, 100 Roberts Road, Subiaco, Western Australia 6008, Australia
| | - Nelly Amenyogbe
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of British Columbia, 2775 Laurel Street, 10th Floor, Room 10117, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada. .,Telethon Kids Institute, 100 Roberts Road, Subiaco, Western Australia 6008, Australia
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8
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Interleukin-24 as a Pulmonary Target Cytokine in Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia. Cell Biochem Biophys 2021; 79:311-320. [PMID: 33683657 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-021-00968-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The proliferation of fetal alveolar type II cells (FATIICs) was impaired in bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), which is modulated by hyperoxia and inflammatory response. Interleukin 24 (IL-24), a cytokine produced by certain cell types, plays an essential role in inflammation and host protection against infection. However, the ability of FATIICs to produce IL-24 remains unclear, and the role of IL-24 in BPD progression is yet to be determined. With reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, the authors evaluated whether FATIICs produce IL-24 in physiological conditions. The authors quantified IL-24 expression in the lungs of newborn rat pups exposed to hyperoxia (70% oxygen) and in FATIICs isolated on embryonic day 19 that were exposed to 95% oxygen or lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The role of IL-24 in FATIICs, cell proliferation, cell apoptosis, and cell cycle were further evaluated by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide and flow cytometric analysis. Also, they assessed caspase-3 and SOCS3 mRNA in IL-24 siRNA-treated cells by using RT-qPCR. During culture, IL-24 mRNA and protein levels in FATIICs gradually decreased with FATIIC differentiation. IL-24 expression increased significantly in rat lungs exposed to hyperoxia and FATIICs exposed to oxygen or LPS. Recombinant IL-24 enhanced cell proliferation by decreasing the proportion of apoptotic cells and increasing the proportion of cells in the S phase. The IL-24 siRNA-treated cells expressed more caspase-3 mRNA. Furthermore, suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3) mRNA was significantly decreased in rats and FATIICs exposed to oxygen, whereas it dramatically increased in FATIICs exposed to LPS. The IL-24 siRNA-treated cells expressed more SOCS3 mRNA. These studies suggest IL-24 is a pulmonary target cytokine in BPD, and may possibly regulate SOCS3 in oxidative stress and inflammation of the lung.
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Johnson MB, Halman JR, Burmeister AR, Currin S, Khisamutdinov EF, Afonin KA, Marriott I. Retinoic acid inducible gene-I mediated detection of bacterial nucleic acids in human microglial cells. J Neuroinflammation 2020; 17:139. [PMID: 32357908 PMCID: PMC7195775 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-020-01817-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Bacterial meningitis and meningoencephalitis are associated with devastating neuroinflammation. We and others have demonstrated the importance of glial cells in the initiation of immune responses to pathogens invading the central nervous system (CNS). These cells use a variety of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) to identify common pathogen motifs and the cytosolic sensor retinoic acid inducible gene-1 (RIG-I) is known to serve as a viral PRR and initiator of interferon (IFN) responses. Intriguingly, recent evidence indicates that RIG-I also has an important role in the detection of bacterial nucleic acids, but such a role has not been investigated in glia. Methods In this study, we have assessed whether primary or immortalized human and murine glia express RIG-I either constitutively or following stimulation with bacteria or their products by immunoblot analysis. We have used capture ELISAs and immunoblot analysis to assess human microglial interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) activation and IFN production elicited by bacterial nucleic acids and novel engineered nucleic acid nanoparticles. Furthermore, we have utilized a pharmacological inhibitor of RIG-I signaling and siRNA-mediated knockdown approaches to assess the relative importance of RIG-I in such responses. Results We demonstrate that RIG-I is constitutively expressed by human and murine microglia and astrocytes, and is elevated following bacterial infection in a pathogen and cell type-specific manner. Additionally, surface and cytosolic PRR ligands are also sufficient to enhance RIG-I expression. Importantly, our data demonstrate that bacterial RNA and DNA both trigger RIG-I-dependent IRF3 phosphorylation and subsequent type I IFN production in human microglia. This ability has been confirmed using our nucleic acid nanoparticles where we demonstrate that both RNA- and DNA-based nanoparticles can stimulate RIG-I-dependent IFN responses in these cells. Conclusions The constitutive and bacteria-induced expression of RIG-I by human glia and its ability to mediate IFN responses to bacterial RNA and DNA and nucleic acid nanoparticles raises the intriguing possibility that RIG-I may be a potential target for therapeutic intervention during bacterial infections of the CNS, and that the use of engineered nucleic acid nanoparticles that engage this sensor might be a method to achieve this goal.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Brittany Johnson
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, 9201 University City Blvd, Charlotte, NC, 28223, USA
| | - Justin R Halman
- Nanoscale Science Program, Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, 28223, USA
| | - Amanda R Burmeister
- Center for Neurodegenerative Science, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, 49503, USA
| | - Saralynn Currin
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, 9201 University City Blvd, Charlotte, NC, 28223, USA
| | | | - Kirill A Afonin
- Nanoscale Science Program, Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, 28223, USA
| | - Ian Marriott
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, 9201 University City Blvd, Charlotte, NC, 28223, USA.
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Burmeister AR, Johnson MB, Marriott I. Murine astrocytes are responsive to the pro-inflammatory effects of IL-20. Neurosci Lett 2019; 708:134334. [PMID: 31238130 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2019.134334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Glia are key regulators of inflammatory responses within the central nervous system (CNS) following infection or trauma. We have previously demonstrated the ability of activated astrocytes to rapidly produce pro-inflammatory mediators followed by a transition to an anti-inflammatory cytokine production profile that includes the immunosuppressive cytokine interleukin (IL)-10 and the closely related cytokines IL-19 and IL-24. IL-20, another member of the IL-10 family, is known to modulate immune cell activity in the periphery and we have previously demonstrated that astrocytes constitutively express the cognate receptors for this cytokine. However, the ability of glia to produce IL-20 remains unclear and the effects of this pleiotropic cytokine on glial immune functions have not been investigated. In this study, we report that primary murine and human astrocytes are not an appreciable source of IL-20 following challenge with disparate bacterial species or their components. Importantly, we have determined that astrocyte are responsive to the immunomodulatory actions of this cytokine by showing that recombinant IL-20 administration upregulates microbial pattern recognition receptor expression and induces release of the inflammatory mediator IL-6 by these cells. Taken together, these data suggest that IL-20 acts in a dissimilar manner to other IL-10 family members to augment the inflammatory responses of astrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda R Burmeister
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, USA.
| | - M Brittany Johnson
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, USA.
| | - Ian Marriott
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, USA.
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