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Fang Q, Cheng Z, Zhang R, Luo B, Long C. Wild edible plants of the Yao people in Jianghua, China: plant-associated traditional knowledge and practice vital for food security and ecosystem service. JOURNAL OF ETHNOBIOLOGY AND ETHNOMEDICINE 2024; 20:80. [PMID: 39198831 PMCID: PMC11360554 DOI: 10.1186/s13002-024-00724-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 08/21/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Traditional ecological knowledge (TEK) and practice associated with wild edible plants (WEPs) is an important part of local culture of the Yao people in Jianghua Yao Autonomous County, which possesses the biggest population of Yao ethnic group in China. Economic development, urbanization, and transition of lifestyle and changing interests of the younger generations risk loss of such valuable knowledge. However, no record had been reported about WEPs from the Yao communities of Jianghua County. It is urgent to assemble data on the major WEPs and their uses in Jianghua. This can be used to educate and stimulate new interest in these WEPs, to aid inheritance and improvement of cultural identity and confidence, to enhance local resilience to various changes and to suggest pathways for novel and value-added applications to create new local business opportunities. METHODS To record WEPs associated with TEK and practice, we conducted field surveys in 2018, 2019 and 2023. The ethnobotanical methods such as free-listing, participatory observation, semi-structured interview, and market survey were adopted in the field investigations. Information about WEPs including vernacular names, parts used, ways of use, and collection time were recorded. Voucher specimens were collected, identified, and deposited in the herbarium at Minzu University of China, in Beijing. RESULTS Totally, 81 Yao people from 12 villages were interviewed. WEPs traditionally play a crucial role in Yao peoples' daily lives. A total of 130 plant species from 89 genera and 49 families were recorded. The plants collected showed great diversity and reflected unique local culture. Most (54.5%) WEPs were also used as medicines. Baba can be defined as a cultural identity food, and WEPs are commonly used as tea substitutes for their health benefits. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that WEPs use is facing great challenges in a rapidly changing era. Preservation of WEPs related practice and knowledge is not only important for conserving local biocultural diversity, but also valuable in providing potential functional and healthy materials for food security and future economic development. Cultivation of young generations' interest in nature and biodiversity, combined with local policy to enhance public awareness are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Fang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China
- Biosystematics Group, Department of Plant Science, Wageningen University and Research, 6708 PB, Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environment in Minority Areas (Minzu University of China), National Ethnic Affairs Commission of China, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Zhuo Cheng
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environment in Minority Areas (Minzu University of China), National Ethnic Affairs Commission of China, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Ruifei Zhang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China
- Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Binsheng Luo
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China
- Lushan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Science, Lushan, 332900, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Chunlin Long
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China.
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environment in Minority Areas (Minzu University of China), National Ethnic Affairs Commission of China, Beijing, 100081, China.
- Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine (Minzu University of China), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100081, China.
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Biri S, Ayenew B, Dida G, Sebsibe A, Gurmessa F, Woldeab B, Awlachew G, Kassa Z, Megersa M. Ethnobotanical study of wild edible plants in Arsi Robe district of East Arsi Zone, Ethiopia. JOURNAL OF ETHNOBIOLOGY AND ETHNOMEDICINE 2024; 20:70. [PMID: 39080759 PMCID: PMC11289975 DOI: 10.1186/s13002-024-00703-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Wild edible plants (WEPs) are usually considered to constitute all plant resources that are neither cultivated nor domesticated but are used as nutritional supplements by local people. WEPs play a vital role in ensuring food and livelihood security for countless families and communities around the world. The objective of the study was to assess and document wild edible plants used by communities in the Arsi Robe district as food. METHODS Semi-structured interviews, market surveys, and guided field walks were employed as data collection tools. The data were analyzed using preference ranking, direct matrix ranking, and Jaccard's similarity index. RESULTS The present study revealed various types of wild edible plants consumed by local communities in the Arsi Robe district of the East Arsi Zone. This could be justified by the documentation of 36 different wild edible plants in the study area. These WEPs belong to 31 genera and 25 families. Most of the growth forms of the edible wild plants in the district were shrubs (16, 44.44%) and trees (14, 38.88%). Amaranthus caudatus and Bridelia micrantha are the most preferred WEPs in the study area. The finding of the study also revealed that Lepidotrichilia volkensii and Premna schimperi are among the novel WEPs that had not before been documented as food items in other areas. Olea europaea subsp. cuspidata, Ficus sycomorus, Cordia africana, and Ficus sur are species with multiple uses. Agricultural expansion, charcoal production, the construction of different materials, making agricultural tools, deforestation, and other factors were the top prioritized threats affecting the abundance and diversity of wild edible plants. CONCLUSION Along with the sustainable utilization and conservation of the existing WEPs of the study district, priority should be given to the urgent collection, domestication, and cultivation of multiuse wild edible plant species such as Olea europaea subsp. cuspidata, Ficus sycomorus, Cordia africana, and Ficus sur in the study area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sisay Biri
- Department of Biology, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Madda Walabu University, PO Box 247, Robe, Ethiopia
| | - Bereket Ayenew
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Madda Walabu University, PO Box 247, Robe, Ethiopia
| | - Getu Dida
- Department of Biology, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Madda Walabu University, PO Box 247, Robe, Ethiopia
| | - Ayalew Sebsibe
- Department of Biology, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Madda Walabu University, PO Box 247, Robe, Ethiopia
| | - Fekadu Gurmessa
- Department of Biology, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Wollega University, P.O. Box 395, Nekemte, Ethiopia
| | - Bizuneh Woldeab
- Department of Biodiversity Conservation and Ecotourism, College of Agriculture, Madda Walabu University, P.O. Box 247, Robe, Ethiopia
| | - Gashaw Awlachew
- Department of Sport Science, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Madda Walabu University, PO Box 247, Robe, Ethiopia
| | - Zewdie Kassa
- Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Salale University, P.O. Box 245, Fiche, Ethiopia
| | - Moa Megersa
- Department of Biology, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Madda Walabu University, PO Box 247, Robe, Ethiopia.
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Lalmuanpuii R, Zodinpuii B, Bohia B, Zothanpuia, Lalbiaknunga J, Singh PK. Wild edible vegetables of ethnic communities of Mizoram (Northeast India): an ethnobotanical study in thrust of marketing potential. JOURNAL OF ETHNOBIOLOGY AND ETHNOMEDICINE 2024; 20:58. [PMID: 38807182 PMCID: PMC11135011 DOI: 10.1186/s13002-024-00680-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Assessment of wild edible vegetables (WEVs) from the ethnobotanical approach is a significant key to understanding indigenous knowledge systems. The available literature has revealed a tremendous decline in knowledge of WEVs over the last few decades. The main purpose of this study was to document and analyse the traditional knowledge of WEVs among the two major ethnic groups of Mizoram regarding their use and the diversity associated with the importance of traditional medicines. Secondly, a market survey will be conducted to determine the status of available WEVs. METHODS This study conducted an ethnobotanical survey among 72 informants through semi-structured interviews and questionnaires besides direct field observations. The documented data were quantitatively analysed using various ethnobotanical indices, including Informant's consensus factor (ICF), Fidelity level value (Fl), and Direct matrix ranking (DMR). A marketing survey was conducted in the Bara Bazar, Mizoram's most prominent local market. A total of 38 vendor informants were interviewed to observe and collect the price of commonly sold WEVs. RESULTS A total of 70 WEVs, distributed in 58 genera under 36 families, were documented and identified. Of these, 33 WEVs were of medicinal importance. Leafy vegetables were documented as the most frequently consumed parts (55.71%). The majority (44.29%) of the plants documented were consumed in fried form. The highest level of agreement among informants for food used categories was observed for plants combined with dry fish (ICF = 1). The Informant's consensus factor (ICF) of disease categories ranges from 0.75 to 1, with the highest being reported for convulsion (ICF = 1), sleep inducer (ICF = 1), and antiseptic (ICF = 1). Picria fel-terrae was the most preferred plant for hypertension treatment (100% FL). Direct matrix ranking (DMR) indicated that Dysoxylum excelsum was highly utilized by the inhabitant for multipurpose species (DMR = 64). Jaccard similarity index (JI) between the two ethnic groups was revealed at 1.26. Forty-seven WEVs were found to be commercialized in the Bara Bazar market, Aizawl, with a price range from 0.1 to 2.4 USD. Ensete superbum was reported as near threatened per the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. CONCLUSION This work highlighted the importance and rich diversity of WEVs in Mizoram, which are presently used among different age groups for food and medicine. Informants have good knowledge of WEVs, which was shared to a great extent among the inhabitants; this legacy of traditional culture must be conserved. This study further suggests a priority setting for conserving multipurpose WEVs in human-inhabited sites, investigating the recorded species' nutritional properties and pharmacological activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosie Lalmuanpuii
- Department of Botany, Mizoram University, Aizawl, Mizoram, 796004, India
| | - Betsy Zodinpuii
- Department of Zoology, Pachhunga University College, Mizoram, Aizawl, 796005, India
| | - Beirachhitha Bohia
- Department of Biotechnology/Life Sciences, Pachhunga University College, Mizoram University (A Central University), Mizoram, Aizawl, 796001, India
| | - Zothanpuia
- Department of Biotechnology/Life Sciences, Pachhunga University College, Mizoram University (A Central University), Mizoram, Aizawl, 796001, India.
| | - J Lalbiaknunga
- Department of Botany, Mizoram University, Aizawl, Mizoram, 796004, India
| | - Prashant Kumar Singh
- Department of Biotechnology/Life Sciences, Pachhunga University College, Mizoram University (A Central University), Mizoram, Aizawl, 796001, India
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Haq SM, Khoja AA, Waheed M, Pieroni A, Siddiqui MH, Bussmann RW. Plant cultural indicators of forest resources from the Himalayan high mountains: implications for improving agricultural resilience, subsistence, and forest restoration. JOURNAL OF ETHNOBIOLOGY AND ETHNOMEDICINE 2024; 20:44. [PMID: 38659048 PMCID: PMC11040985 DOI: 10.1186/s13002-024-00685-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
AIM Biocultural legacy practices are intricately tied to forestry resources, ethnic identity, and social cohesiveness. This study aims to determine the plant cultural values of forest resources and identify plant cultural indicators in each ethnic group, which can aid in long-term natural resource management plans in the current debate on socio-environmental and ecological transitions. METHODS Semi-structured interviews, focus group discussions, and field observations were employed to collect data for a comprehensive and systematic ethnobotanical survey from February 2018 to October 2022. RESULTS A total of 330 informants reported 154 plant species from 65 families. Asteraceae was the most prominent botanical family, with herbaceous plant groups outnumbering trees and shrubs. The Gujjar and Pahari groups exhibited the highest level of overlap, followed by significant overlaps between the Gujjar and Kashmiri communities. The close affinity observed between the Gujjar and Pahari groups suggests the horizontal pattern of local plant knowledge between these communities, influenced by their sociocultural interactions and intermarriages. Notably, the Pahari community displayed a rich understanding of medicinal plants and shared unique uses for the reported taxa. This study affirms that both ecological factors and sociocultural influences have played significant roles in shaping local plant knowledge. A total of 31 plant species have been identified as plant cultural markers among all four ethnic groups. We observed a positive correlation between plant cultural values and plant use with the Gujjar and Kashmiri ethnic groups. Artemisia absinthium reported the highest use value of (0.57) with use reports of (189). Adonis aestivalis, Cynoglossum nervosum, Geum elatum, Geranium himalayense, Juncus inflexus, Oxalis acetosella, Polygonatum biflorum, and Salvia hians from the Himalayan region are among the plant taxa whose ethnomedicinal applications are described here for the first time. CONCLUSION Our data show that local and indigenous forest knowledge and practices could significantly contribute to forest conservation and ecological transition. This may happen if stakeholders generate clear frameworks and biocultural conservation strategies aimed at both dynamically preserve natural habitats and ways of traditional management of local natural resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiekh Marifatul Haq
- Department of Ethnobotany, Institute of Botany, Ilia State University, Tbilisi, Georgia.
| | | | - Muhammad Waheed
- Department of Ethnobotany, Institute of Botany, Ilia State University, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Andrea Pieroni
- University of Gastronomic Sciences of Pollenzo, Piazza V. Emanuele II 9, Pollenzo, 12042, Bra, Italy
| | - Manzer H Siddiqui
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rainer W Bussmann
- Department of Ethnobotany, Institute of Botany, Ilia State University, Tbilisi, Georgia
- Department of Botany, Institute of Life Sciences, State Museum of Natural History, Karlsruhe, Germany
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Ofosu-Bamfo B, Yawson D, Asare KB, Dadeboe VO, Buabeng IK, Aggrey J, Dapillah DA, Boateng DK, Offe E, Alhassan TA. Plant diversity and ethnobotanical importance of home gardens in Ghana's middle belt: a cross-sectional survey of the Sunyani municipality. JOURNAL OF ETHNOBIOLOGY AND ETHNOMEDICINE 2023; 19:59. [PMID: 38093362 PMCID: PMC10717692 DOI: 10.1186/s13002-023-00632-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Home gardens are a species-rich socioecological system with a diverse range of cultivated and naturally occurring plants with the potential to make contributions to address sustainable food, biodiversity and climate crisis. However, there is a dearth of information on the socio-demographic profile of home gardeners and the importance of home gardens to ethnobotany, food security and biodiversity. Therefore, the study aimed to assess the socio-demographic profile of home gardeners in the Sunyani municipality as a case in point for the middle belt of Ghana and to evaluate the diversity of plants in home gardens and their ethnobotanical importance. METHODS A total of 12 suburbs were selected from three subzones in the Sunyani municipality. In each suburb, 25% of households were randomly selected and if they had a home garden, one adult in the house was interviewed. A list of all plants in the home garden and their uses was obtained from respondents. A Chi-square test was used to assess the distribution of home gardeners among various socio-demographic categories, and binomial logistic regression was employed to determine links between socio-demography and home garden attributes. The ethnobotany R package was used to evaluate the ethnobotanical importance of plants in home gardens. RESULTS A total of 186 respondents were recruited for this study, 79 being females and 107 males. A total of 79 plant species were also identified belonging to 70 genera and 40 families. Trees were the most common plant life form in home gardens, followed by shrubs, herbs, vines, grasses and lianas. Ethnobotanical indices revealed the most important plants in home gardens to be staples, food supplements and medicinal plants. These were Musa paradisiaca, Caripa pabaya, Xanthosoma sagittifolium, Manihot utilisima and Mangifera indica, Moringa oleifera, Citrus sinensis, Capsicum frutescens, Taraxacum officinale, Solanum aethiopicum, Cocos nucifera, Solanum torvum, Persea americana, Dioscorea alata and Elaeis guineensis. CONCLUSION Plants used as staples, food supplements and medicinal purposes emerged as the most culturally relevant scoring high on all ethnobotanical indices. Home gardens present an opportunity to address food security and nutrition needs of households and communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bismark Ofosu-Bamfo
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Science, University of Energy and Natural Resources, Sunyani, Ghana.
- Centre for Research in Applied Biology, School of Science, University of Energy and Natural Resources, Sunyani, Ghana.
| | - Daniel Yawson
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Science, University of Energy and Natural Resources, Sunyani, Ghana
- Centre for Research in Applied Biology, School of Science, University of Energy and Natural Resources, Sunyani, Ghana
| | - Kwame Baffour Asare
- Centre for Research in Applied Biology, School of Science, University of Energy and Natural Resources, Sunyani, Ghana
- The Ridge School (1966), P. O. Box 1659, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Vanessa Ohui Dadeboe
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Science, University of Energy and Natural Resources, Sunyani, Ghana
| | - Isaac Kojo Buabeng
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Science, University of Energy and Natural Resources, Sunyani, Ghana
| | - Justice Aggrey
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Science, University of Energy and Natural Resources, Sunyani, Ghana
| | - Dery Aaron Dapillah
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Science, University of Energy and Natural Resources, Sunyani, Ghana
| | - David Kojo Boateng
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Science, University of Energy and Natural Resources, Sunyani, Ghana
| | - Emmanuel Offe
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Science, University of Energy and Natural Resources, Sunyani, Ghana
| | - Thomas Abudu Alhassan
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Science, University of Energy and Natural Resources, Sunyani, Ghana
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Silambarasan R, Sasidharan S, Nair J H, Kumar S N, R A, Nair AS, Selavinayagam K. A multivariate and quantitative assessment of medicinal plants used by the indigenous Malayali tribes in the Javadhu hills of Tiruvannamalai district, Tamil Nadu, India. Heliyon 2023; 9:e15607. [PMID: 37305490 PMCID: PMC10256831 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The study of medicinal plants with their traditional uses and related pharmacological studies has received more attention during the past several decades around the world. The Malayali tribes of the Javadhu Hills in the Eastern Ghats rely heavily on a system of traditional medicine for healthcare. A qualitative ethnographic method with a semi-structured questionnaire was used to interview 52 people across 11 localities in the Javadhu Hills. In the data analysis, descriptive statistics such as Use reports (UR), frequency of citations (FC), relative frequency of citations (RFC), informant agreement ratio (IAR), fidelity level (FL), and informant consensus factor (FIC) were studied. In the current investigation, 146 species from 52 families and 108 genera were discovered to treat 79 diseases. Leguminosae and Apocynaceae were the dominant families (12 species each). The most frequently used life form was the herb and the plant part were the leaf. The majority were being harvested from natural resources. Most medicines were taken orally. The most frequently cited species are Moringa oleifera and Syzygium cumini. The illnesses were divided into 21 categories. The majority of the plants mentioned are utilised to increase human immunity and health. The principal ailment (general health) was revealed by two-way cluster analysis and PCA. The species Litsea decanensis, Phoebe paniculata, Commiphora caudata, etc., were new records for the Javadhu hills according to a comparison between the current study and previous local and regional research. Documenting novel ethnomedicinal species and their therapeutic applications will encourage more phytochemical and pharmacological research and may even result in the creation of new medications. Furthermore, the study's significant novelty is that principle component analysis and two-way cluster analysis clearly revealed that the species that are used to treat various diseases, as well as species that are closely associated with treating specific ailment categories, are distinct. Significantly, species recorded in this study rely on maintaining and improving general body health of humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajendran Silambarasan
- Department of R&D, Pankajakasthuri Herbal Research Foundation, Pankajakasthuri Ayurveda Medical College Campus, Trivandrum, Kerala, India
| | - Shan Sasidharan
- Department of R&D, Pankajakasthuri Herbal Research Foundation, Pankajakasthuri Ayurveda Medical College Campus, Trivandrum, Kerala, India
| | - Hareendran Nair J
- Department of R&D, Pankajakasthuri Herbal Research Foundation, Pankajakasthuri Ayurveda Medical College Campus, Trivandrum, Kerala, India
| | - Nishanth Kumar S
- Department of R&D, Pankajakasthuri Herbal Research Foundation, Pankajakasthuri Ayurveda Medical College Campus, Trivandrum, Kerala, India
| | - Aravind R
- Department of R&D, Pankajakasthuri Herbal Research Foundation, Pankajakasthuri Ayurveda Medical College Campus, Trivandrum, Kerala, India
| | - Akhila S. Nair
- Department of R&D, Pankajakasthuri Herbal Research Foundation, Pankajakasthuri Ayurveda Medical College Campus, Trivandrum, Kerala, India
| | - K.T. Selavinayagam
- Jantho Memorial Educational Foundation, Kallathikulam Village, Eluvanoor Post, Kamuthi Taluk, Ramanathapuram District, 623605, Tamil Nadu, India
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Chemical Composition and Antifungal, Anti-Inflammatory, Antiviral, and Larvicidal Activities of the Essential Oils of Zanthoxylum acanthopodium DC. from China and Myanmar. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27165243. [PMID: 36014481 PMCID: PMC9413833 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27165243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Zanthoxylum acanthopodium DC. is a widely used traditional medicinal plant to treat fever, flu, stomachache, traumatic injury, and mosquito bite in tropical and subtropical Asia. This study aimed to investigate the antifungal, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and larvicidal activities of its fruit essential oil. The essential oil sample from China (EOZC) was mainly composed of limonene (29.78%) and β-myrcene (26.65%), while the sample from Myanmar (EOZM) was dominated by Terpinen-4-ol (43.35%). Both essential oils showed antifungal activity, with 90% minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC90) values ranging from 26.3 to 499 μg/mL. By obviously inhibiting nitric oxide (NO) in RAW 264.7 cells, EOZC (IC50, 16 μg/mL) showed comparable anti-inflammatory activity to the positive control L-NMMA (IC50, 12.2 μg/mL). EOZM showed significant antiviral activity against the dengue virus with an IC50 value of 13 μg/mL. Additionally, both EOZC and EOZM demonstrated dose-dependent larvicidal activity against Aedes albopictus, with LC50 and LC90 values ranging from 45.8 to 144.0 μg/mL. Our results contribute a theoretical foundation for the further application of Zanthoxylum acanthopodium DC. as an antifungal and anti-inflammatory ingredient in the pharmaceutical industry and further indicate that it has the potential to be developed as a new source of natural and eco-friendly medicine for the prevention and treatment of dengue virus.
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Sun J, Wang S, Wang Y, Wang R, Liu K, Li E, Qiao P, Shi L, Dong W, Huang L, Guo L. Phylogenomics and Genetic Diversity of Arnebiae Radix and Its Allies ( Arnebia, Boraginaceae) in China. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:920826. [PMID: 35755641 PMCID: PMC9218939 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.920826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Arnebiae Radix is a traditional medicine with pleiotropic properties that has been used for several 100 years. There are five species of Arnebia in China, and the two species Arnebia euchroma and Arnebia guttata are the source plants of Arnebiae Radix according to the Chinese Pharmacopoeia. Molecular markers that permit species identification and facilitate studies of the genetic diversity and divergence of the wild populations of these two source plants have not yet been developed. Here, we sequenced the chloroplast genomes of 56 samples of five Arnebia species using genome skimming methods. The Arnebia chloroplast genomes exhibited quadripartite structures with lengths from 149,539 and 152,040 bp. Three variable markers (rps16-trnQ, ndhF-rpl32, and ycf1b) were identified, and these markers exhibited more variable sites than universal chloroplast markers. The phylogenetic relationships among the five Arnebia species were completely resolved using the whole chloroplast genome sequences. Arnebia arose during the Oligocene and diversified in the middle Miocene; this coincided with two geological events during the late Oligocene and early Miocene: warming and the progressive uplift of Tianshan and the Himalayas. Our analyses revealed that A. euchroma and A. guttata have high levels of genetic diversity and comprise two and three subclades, respectively. The two clades of A. euchroma exhibited significant genetic differences and diverged at 10.18 Ma in the middle Miocene. Three clades of A. guttata diverged in the Pleistocene. The results provided new insight into evolutionary history of Arnebia species and promoted the conservation and exploitation of A. euchroma and A. guttata.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Sun
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Sheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yiheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ruishan Wang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Kangjia Liu
- Laboratory of Systematic Evolution and Biogeography of Woody Plants, School of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Enze Li
- Laboratory of Systematic Evolution and Biogeography of Woody Plants, School of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Ping Qiao
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Linyuan Shi
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wenpan Dong
- Laboratory of Systematic Evolution and Biogeography of Woody Plants, School of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Luqi Huang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lanping Guo
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Yangdon P, Araki T, Rahayu YYS, Norbu K. Ethnobotanical study of wild edible fruits in eastern Bhutan. JOURNAL OF ETHNOBIOLOGY AND ETHNOMEDICINE 2022; 18:27. [PMID: 35354474 PMCID: PMC8966357 DOI: 10.1186/s13002-022-00526-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the past, wild edible fruits (WEFs) were a significant source of food and nutrition in Bhutan. These nutrient-rich species can enhance food security and alleviate poverty in Bhutan. However, recent developments like the introduction of improved fruit varieties, changes in dietary choices, and infrastructure development are expected to influence indigenous knowledge and consumption of WEFs. We aimed to document the species diversity of WEFs and their uses in eastern Bhutan and examine how the knowledge and consumption of WEFs vary with socio-demographic factors. METHODS A total of 97 households in two districts were selected to participate in the survey. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to interview a selected adult from each household. Comparative analysis of indigenous knowledge and consumption of WEFs among the socio-demographic factors was performed using one-way ANOVA and a Chi-square test on R software. RESULTS The present study reported 52 species of WEFs belonging to 35 families. The prevalence of WEF consumption was found to be 42%. WEF consumption differed significantly between districts, age groups, and indigenous knowledge levels. Similarly, indigenous knowledge of WEFs was significantly associated with districts and age groups. CONCLUSIONS Eastern Bhutan has a rich diversity of WEFs, but their consumption has been decreasing. Recent agricultural and infrastructure developments may have impacted the consumption and indigenous knowledge of WEFs in this region. Thus, domestication and agro-processing of WEFs should become a major focus in Bhutan to utilize their nutritional value and potential economic benefits to enhance food security in the country. Additionally, incorporating WEF-related knowledge in the school curriculum is essential to educate younger generations on WEFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pema Yangdon
- Agriculture Research and Development Sub-Centre, 42-002 Khangma, Kanglung, Trashigang, Bhutan
- Department of Global Agricultural Sciences, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi Bunkyo, Ward Tokyo, 113-8657 Japan
| | - Tetsuya Araki
- Department of Global Agricultural Sciences, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi Bunkyo, Ward Tokyo, 113-8657 Japan
| | - Yen Yen Sally Rahayu
- Department of Global Agricultural Sciences, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi Bunkyo, Ward Tokyo, 113-8657 Japan
| | - Kunzang Norbu
- Agriculture Research and Development Sub-Centre, 42-002 Khangma, Kanglung, Trashigang, Bhutan
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Gogoi J, Sharma M. Medicinal Uses of Wild Edible Plants by the Wancho Tribe in Longding District of Arunachal Pradesh. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH AND ALLIED SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.51847/cgvpg6x6yq] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Yang Z, Bai Y, Alatalo JM, Huang Z, Yang F, Pu X, Wang R, Yang W, Guo X. Spatio-temporal variation in potential habitats for rare and endangered plants and habitat conservation based on the maximum entropy model. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 784:147080. [PMID: 33905926 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Rare and endangered plants (REPs) act as key indicators for species habitat priorities, and can thus be critical in global biodiversity protection work. Human activities and climate change pose great threats to REPs, so protection should be a top priority. In this study, we used the maximum entropy model (Maxent) to identify current and future (2050) potential habitats of REPs in the Xishuangbanna tropical area of China. We compared potential habitats with existing protected areas (PAs) in gap analysis, and used a transfer matrix to quantify changes in potential habitats. By comparing the potential distribution obtained with existing land use and land cover, we analyzed the impact of human-dominated land use changes on potential habitats of REPs and identified the main habitat patch types of REPs. The results showed that the current potential habitat area of hotspots is 2989.85 km2, which will be reduced to 247.93 km2 by 2050, accounting for 15.60% and 1.29% of the total research area, respectively. Analysis of land use and land cover showed that rubber plantation was the human-dominated land use posing the greatest threat to potential habitats of REPs, occupying 23.40% and 21.62% of current and future potential habitats, respectively. Monsoon evergreen broad-leaved forest was identified as the main habitat patch type for REPs in Xishuangbanna and occupied the highest proportion of potential habitat area. Gap analysis showed that only 35.85% of habitat hotspots are currently included in existing PAs and that this will decrease to 32.26% by 2050. This emphasizes the importance of protecting current and future potential habitats of REPs in a dynamic conservation approach that can adapt to changes in future climate and human activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongbao Yang
- Center for Integrative Conservation, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla 666303, Yunnan, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yang Bai
- Center for Integrative Conservation, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla 666303, Yunnan, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Center of Conservation Biology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla 666303, China.
| | - Juha M Alatalo
- Environmental Science Center, Qatar University, P.O.Box: 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Zhongde Huang
- Center for Integrative Conservation, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla 666303, Yunnan, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Fen Yang
- Yuexi Federation of Trade Unions, Yuexi 616650, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaoyan Pu
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China
| | - Ruibo Wang
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Wei Yang
- Center for Integrative Conservation, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla 666303, Yunnan, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xueyan Guo
- Center for Integrative Conservation, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla 666303, Yunnan, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Hailemariam MB, Woldu Z, Asfaw Z, Lulekal E. Ethnobotany of an indigenous tree Piliostigma thonningii (Schumach.) Milne-Redh. (Fabaceae) in the arid and semi-arid areas of South Omo Zone, southern Ethiopia. JOURNAL OF ETHNOBIOLOGY AND ETHNOMEDICINE 2021; 17:44. [PMID: 34273997 PMCID: PMC8285841 DOI: 10.1186/s13002-021-00469-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Trees are important components of terrestrial ecosystems; they provide ecological, economic, and cultural services to humans. There is an urgent need for undertaking ethnobotanical investigations and documentation on the indigenous botanical knowledge of the local communities of a given area. This study was conducted to assess and document the categoric ethnobotany of Piliostigma thonningii and the associated indigenous knowledge of the local people related to use, management practices, and the threatening factors in the South Omo Zone of southwestern Ethiopia. MATERIALS AND METHODS Six Kebeles were purposively selected from two districts of the zone and a total of 84 respondents were sampled, with consideration of gender, age, and wealth status. Data were collected using structured and semi-structured interviews, field observations, and group discussions. Relevant descriptive statistical methods were used to analyze the data. Ethnobotanical knowledge held by informants were computed using Pearson's chi-square test and direct matrix ranking and pair-wise ranking was used to prioritize the uses according to community preferences and the level of the destructiveness of the reported threats. RESULTS The results showed that P. thonningii provides different functions to people's livelihoods as shade, food, fodder, soil fertility, fuelwood, medicine, rope, multipurpose materials (e.g., Borketa for sitting and head support), huts, beehives, farm implements, chairs, fences, and timber. The indigenous knowledge of local people on the uses of P. thonningii has shown significant (P < 0.05) relationship to age groups (being higher for elderly people). The consumption practice of respondents has significant (P < 0.05) association to the Kebeles, age, and income, with higher value for Hamer, lower aged groups, and low-income families. It provides nutritious animal feed to improve browse intake, survival, and productivity of domestic animals and also improve productivity of farm through amelioration of soil fertility. The status of P. thonningii has been decreasing due to agricultural expansion, collection of the species for firewood, dry fencing, and due to browsing. Respondents' attitude and interest to maintain and conserve the species has shown a significant (P< 0.05) association to gender, wealth, and level of education. Higher interest was observed in men than women, mid-high wealth class households than low income, and people with education than uneducated. CONCLUSIONS This study attempted to provide information on the multiple uses of P. thonningii. Given the key roles of P. thonningii for the people and the environment to improve household food security, agricultural productivity, and income sources and the threats to it, the need to protect it in natural forests and woodlands and optimize its uses in agroforestry systems is high. Serious consideration of this species will ultimately allow households to reap the benefits expected to accrue from it in the arid and semi-arid areas of Ethiopia where plants of this nature are usually rare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mesfin Belete Hailemariam
- Department of Biology, Wolkite University, Wolkite, Ethiopia.
- Department of Plant Biology and Biodiversity Management, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
| | - Zerihun Woldu
- Department of Plant Biology and Biodiversity Management, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Zemede Asfaw
- Department of Plant Biology and Biodiversity Management, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Ermias Lulekal
- Department of Plant Biology and Biodiversity Management, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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Ding XY, Zhang Y, Wang L, Zhuang HF, Chen WY, Wang YH. Collection calendar: the diversity and local knowledge of wild edible plants used by Chenthang Sherpa people to treat seasonal food shortages in Tibet, China. JOURNAL OF ETHNOBIOLOGY AND ETHNOMEDICINE 2021; 17:40. [PMID: 34112198 PMCID: PMC8190990 DOI: 10.1186/s13002-021-00464-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Wild edible plants (WEPs) are non-cultivated and non-domesticated plants used for food. WEPs provided food, nutrition, herbs and other plant products for people in underdeveloped areas, such as the Everest region, to maintain their daily lives. Chenthang Town is the only Sherpa ethnic township in Tibet, China. The core purpose of this research is to investigate, collect and record the WEPs and related local knowledge and functions within the Sherpa community. The ultimate goal is to answer the question of why Sherpa people choose these particular plants. MATERIALS AND METHODS The field study was carried out in the six Sherpa communities of Chenthang Township from September 2019 to August 2020. The WEPs and related local knowledge were collected through semistructured interviews and direct observations. The field work was performed with the assistance of local guides. During the field survey, we collected plant specimens based on the principle of one plant with one vernacular name. In this study, we utilised a use report (UR) and cultural importance index (CI) to evaluate the comprehensive utilization value of WEPs in the daily diet of Sherpa people. RESULTS We interviewed 78 people individually who provided us with 1199 use reports. In total, we collected 84 WEPs belonging to 65 genera in 41 families. These species were identified as 78 distinct ethno-species by local people, and the vernacular name of each ethno-species was recorded. Then, these use reports were classified into six use categories. All these plants were native wild plants. In these plants, Arisaema utile, Sorbus cuspidata and Elaeagnus umbellata have been introduced into home gardens by local people. Following the description of the Sherpa people, we articulated a collection calendar for WEPs. The Sherpa collect WEPs throughout nearly the entire year, January and February being the exceptions. CONCLUSION The collection calendar of wild edible plants reflects the wisdom of the Sherpa in terms of survival. The Sherpa cleverly survive the food shortage periods by harnessing the phenology of different species. In general, WEPs can provide the Sherpa with seasonal carbohydrates, nutrition, healthcare supplements and other products and services necessary for survival, which is likely why the Sherpa choose these plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yong Ding
- Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant Resources, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant Resources, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant Resources, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Hui-Fu Zhuang
- Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant Resources, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Wen-Yun Chen
- Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant Resources, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Yu-Hua Wang
- Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant Resources, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China.
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