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Knop MR, Nagashima-Hayashi M, Lin R, Saing CH, Ung M, Oy S, Yam ELY, Zahari M, Yi S. Impact of mHealth interventions on maternal, newborn, and child health from conception to 24 months postpartum in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review. BMC Med 2024; 22:196. [PMID: 38750486 PMCID: PMC11095039 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-024-03417-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mobile health (mHealth) technologies have been harnessed in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) to address the intricate challenges confronting maternal, newborn, and child health (MNCH). This review aspires to scrutinize the effectiveness of mHealth interventions on MNCH outcomes during the pivotal first 1000 days of life, encompassing the period from conception through pregnancy, childbirth, and post-delivery, up to the age of 2 years. METHODS A comprehensive search was systematically conducted in May 2022 across databases, including PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Cumulative Index to Nursing & Allied Health (CINAHL), Web of Science, Scopus, PsycINFO, and Trip Pro, to unearth peer-reviewed articles published between 2000 and 2022. The inclusion criteria consisted of (i) mHealth interventions directed at MNCH; (ii) study designs, including randomized controlled trials (RCTs), RCT variations, quasi-experimental designs, controlled before-and-after studies, or interrupted time series studies); (iii) reports of outcomes pertinent to the first 1000 days concept; and (iv) inclusion of participants from LMICs. Each study was screened for quality in alignment with the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions and the Joanne Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal tools. The included articles were then analyzed and categorized into 12 mHealth functions and outcome domain categories (antenatal, delivery, and postnatal care), followed by forest plot comparisons of effect measures. RESULTS From the initial pool of 7119 articles, we included 131 in this review, comprising 56 RCTs, 38 cluster-RCTs, and 37 quasi-experimental studies. Notably, 62% of these articles exhibited a moderate or high risk of bias. Promisingly, mHealth strategies, such as dispatching text message reminders to women and equipping healthcare providers with digital planning and scheduling tools, exhibited the capacity to augment antenatal clinic attendance and enhance the punctuality of child immunization. However, findings regarding facility-based delivery, child immunization attendance, and infant feeding practices were inconclusive. CONCLUSIONS This review suggests that mHealth interventions can improve antenatal care attendance and child immunization timeliness in LMICs. However, their impact on facility-based delivery and infant feeding practices varies. Nevertheless, the potential of mHealth to enhance MNCH services in resource-limited settings is promising. More context-specific implementation studies with rigorous evaluations are essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianne Ravn Knop
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Michiko Nagashima-Hayashi
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ruixi Lin
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chan Hang Saing
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Mengieng Ung
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sreymom Oy
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Esabelle Lo Yan Yam
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Marina Zahari
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Siyan Yi
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore.
- KHANA Center for Population Health Research, Phnom Penh, Cambodia.
- Public Health Program, College of Education and Health Sciences, Touro University California, Vallejo, CA, USA.
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Gilano G, Sako S, Dileba T, Dekker A, Fijten R. Assessing the effect of mHealth on child feeding practice in African countries: systematic and meta-analysis. JOURNAL OF HEALTH, POPULATION, AND NUTRITION 2023; 42:138. [PMID: 38066659 PMCID: PMC10704613 DOI: 10.1186/s41043-023-00487-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Poor child feeding practice is a public health problem in Africa. Mobile health (mHealth) is a supportive intervention to improve this problem; however, the evidence available in the current literature is inconsistent and inconclusive in Africa. Some studies state that exclusive breastfeeding is not different between controls and mHealth interventions in the first month. Other studies state that health providers need additional training for the success of mHealth interventions. OBJECTIVE This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to provide the summarized effect of mHealth on child-feeding practices in Africa to improve future planning and decisions. METHOD We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis based on the published and unpublished evidence gathered from PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Embase databases between January 1, 2000, and March 1, 2022. Studies included were randomized control trials and experimental studies that compared mHealth to standards of care among postpartum women. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis guidelines followed for the reporting. RESULTS After screening 1188 studies, we identified six studies that fulfilled the study criteria. These studies had 2913 participants with the number of total intervention groups 1627 [1627/2913 = 56%]. Five studies were completed within 24 weeks while one required 12 weeks. We included two RCTs, two cluster RCTs, and two quasi-experimental studies all used mHealth as the major intervention and usual care as controls. We found significant improvement in child-feeding practices among intervention groups. CONCLUSION This systematic review and meta-analysis showed that the application of mHealth improved child-feeding practices in Africa. Although the finding is compelling, the authors recommend high-quality studies and mHealth interventions that consider sample size, design, regional differences, and environmental constraints to enhance policy decisions. The place of residence, access, low socioeconomic development, poor socio-demographic characteristics, low women empowerment, and low women's education might cause high heterogeneity in the included regions and need consideration during interventions. REGISTRATION NUMBER PROSPERO: CRD42022346950.
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Affiliation(s)
- Girma Gilano
- Department of Public Health Informatics, School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Arba Minch University, P.O Box: 21, Arba Minch, Ethiopia.
| | - Sewunet Sako
- Department of Public Health Informatics, School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Arba Minch University, P.O Box: 21, Arba Minch, Ethiopia
| | - Temesgen Dileba
- Department of Public Health Informatics, School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Arba Minch University, P.O Box: 21, Arba Minch, Ethiopia
| | - Andre Dekker
- Department of Radiation Oncology [Maastro], GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Mastro Clinic, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Rianne Fijten
- Department of Radiation Oncology [Maastro], GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Mastro Clinic, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Sothornwit J, Kaewrudee S, Somboonporn W, Seanbon O, Ngamjarus C. Implementing the individualized postpartum care with telemedicine during the COVID-19 pandemic at tertiary hospital in Thailand. Heliyon 2023; 9:e16242. [PMID: 37229160 PMCID: PMC10182597 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective This study sought to identify the impact of implementing the new postpartum care (individualized rescheduling postpartum visit) with telemedicine on postpartum services during the COVID-19 pandemic. Study design This is a retrospective cohort study conducted at Srinagarind Hospital, a tertiary hospital in northeast Thailand, to compare patient data before and after implementation. Delivery and postpartum data from May 2019 to December 2020 were retrieved from the hospital database. Intervention was implemented in March 2020. Data were analyzed to evaluate postpartum contact, contraceptive use, and breastfeeding using Wilcoxon rank sum and Chi-squared tests. Results There was a significant increase in postpartum contact from 48.0% (95% CI. 45.8 to 50.3) before the implementation of telemedicine to 64.6% (95% CI. 61.9 25 to 67.2) after (adjusted OR 1.5, 95% CI. 1.2 to 1.8). In the post-intervention group, contraception use also increased significantly (84.7% vs 49.7%; p < 0.001), and a higher proportion of women relied on long-acting reversible contraception (16.6% vs 5.7%; p < 0.001). However, patients in the post-intervention group were less likely to practice exclusive breastfeeding (46.6% vs 75.1%; p < 0.001). Conclusion Rescheduling the timing of a comprehensive visit accompanied by telemedicine support improved postpartum contact and contraceptive utilization, especially during the coronavirus pandemic. However, the observed decrease in exclusive breastfeeding highlights the need for better telehealth support.ImplicationOur findings support that individualized postpartum care with telemedicine is a feasible and useful approach to sustain services during a pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jen Sothornwit
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Srinaree Kaewrudee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Woraluck Somboonporn
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Orathai Seanbon
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Chetta Ngamjarus
- Department of Biostatistics and Demography, Faculty of Public Health, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
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Fan WQ, Chan C, Paterson S, Foster K, Morrow M, Bourne D, Ashworth J. Weekly Proactive Telephone Breastfeeding Standard Care by Lactation Consultants in the First Month Postpartum Prolongs Breastfeeding for Up to 6 Months. Nutrients 2023; 15:2075. [PMID: 37432209 DOI: 10.3390/nu15092075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Many mothers, especially those with co-morbidities, do not achieve exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) for the first 6 months, with the loss of multiple health benefits including enhanced infant nutrition. We wished to evaluate whether proactive lactation consultant telephone advice in the first month postpartum improved breastfeeding rates for up to 6 months. A prospective cohort observational study was performed. Mother groupings included the following: Control (CG, n = 379)-standard postnatal care; Exposure (EG, n = 386)-standard postnatal care delivered by lactation consultant telephone contact for the first 3 weeks postpartum and then follow-up calls at 1, 3 and 6 months postpartum to ascertain breastfeeding status. Sore nipples (24%) and fussy/unsettled behaviour (14-19%) were common EG concerns. EG EBF rates were higher at 1 month (65% vs. 53%; p < 0.001), 3 months (57% vs. 49%; p = 0.041) and 6 months (45 vs. 33%; p < 0.001). EG EBF rates across the 6 months were higher for infants admitted to the NNU (52.9% vs. 37.5%, p = 0.003), obese mothers (58.3% vs. 37.2%, p < 0.001), mothers with depression (60.8% vs. 43.4%, p = 0.036) and all birth modes. Proactive early lactation advice significantly prolongs EBF and consequently enhances infant nutrition overall, including for mothers at risk of early breastfeeding cessation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Qi Fan
- Northern Health, Melbourne, VIC 3076, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
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Sarkar P, Rifat MA, Bakshi P, Talukdar IH, Pechtl SML, Lindström Battle T, Saha S. How is parental education associated with infant and young child feeding in Bangladesh? a systematic literature review. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:510. [PMID: 36927525 PMCID: PMC10022043 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-15173-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Education is expected to bring about positive behavioral changes which could lead to improved health behaviors. Parental education is a primary determinant of child health and development. However, some evidence showed inverse associations between high parental education and recommended infant and young child feeding (IYCF) in Bangladesh. How the association of parental education differs with specific IYCF components has not been reviewed. Therefore, the role of parental education on optimal IYCF practices in Bangladesh appears to be inconclusive. The objective of this review is to summarize how parental education is associated with IYCF practices in Bangladesh. METHOD This review was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guideline. A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Google Scholar. Record searching, study selection, and data extraction was performed using Endnote online and Covidence tool, respectively. The Newcastle-Ottawa scale was used for quality assessment of the included studies. RESULTS Out of 414 initial hits, 34 studies were included for this review. Of the included studies, 32 were cross-sectional, one was a randomized controlled trial, and one was a retrospective cohort. Most of the studies (n = 24) were nationally representative whereas 10 studies had populations from district and sub-district level. Included studies considered different IYCF-related indicators, including breastfeeding (n = 22), complementary feeding (n = 8), both breastfeeding and complementary feeding (n = 2), both breastfeeding and bottle feeding (n = 1), and pre-lacteal feeding (n = 1). Parental education was found to be positively associated with complementary feeding practices. However, the role of parental education on breastfeeding, in general, was ambiguous. High parental education was associated with bottle-feeding practices and no initiation of colostrum. CONCLUSION Public health interventions need to focus not only on non- and/or low-educated parents regarding complementary feeding but also on educated mothers for initiation of colostrum and proper breastfeeding practices. TRIAL REGISTRATION This systematic review is registered to PROSPERO ( https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/ ) with registration ID: CRD42022355465.
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Affiliation(s)
- Plabon Sarkar
- Caritas Bangladesh, 2, Outer Circular Road, Shantibagh, Dhaka, 1217, Bangladesh
| | - M A Rifat
- Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 17177, Sweden.
| | - Progati Bakshi
- Department of Food and Agroprocess Engineering, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj, 8100, Bangladesh
| | - Imdadul Haque Talukdar
- Department of Learning, Informatics, Management and Ethics (LIME), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sarah M L Pechtl
- Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 17177, Sweden
| | | | - Sanjib Saha
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Health Economics Unit, Lund University, 22381, Lund, Sweden
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Seddighi A, Khalesi ZB, Majidi S. The effect of mobile-based training on maternal breastfeeding self-efficacy: a randomized clinical trial. Afr Health Sci 2022; 22:648-655. [PMID: 36910415 PMCID: PMC9993313 DOI: 10.4314/ahs.v22i3.69] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The Aim of this study is to determine the effect of mobile-based training on maternal breastfeeding self-efficacy. Materials and Methods This trial was conducted from November May to December 2020 on 198 women referring to healthcare centers in Guilan, Iran. The samples of this study were selected using the convenience sampling method, and random block sampling was used for the allocation of groups. The data collection tool was a two-part questionnaire including questions about demographic data and Dennis's self-efficacy. The questionnaires were completed before and 8 weeks after the intervention in both groups. Results The mean and standard deviation of self-efficacy before the education in the experiment and control group were 48.26+ 6.49 and 49.11 + 7.36, respectively. After the education, the experimental group was 53.78 + 12.61 and control group was 41.90 + 17.98. The difference between the pretest and posttest scores indicated that the breastfeeding educational intervention increased the women's self-efficacy in breastfeeding (p<0/001). Conclusion The results showed that mobile-based training could improve maternal breastfeeding self-efficacy. It is therefore recommended, this training program as an available and convenient method to improve breastfeeding self-efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aazam Seddighi
- Student Research Committee, school of nursing and midwifery, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Zahra Bostani Khalesi
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Soheila Majidi
- Department of Midwifery and Reproductive Health, Nursing and Midwifery School, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Langroud, Iran
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Hamer DH, Solomon H, Das G, Knabe T, Beard J, Simon J, Nisar YB, MacLeod WB. Importance of breastfeeding and complementary feeding for management and prevention of childhood diarrhoea in low- and middle-income countries. J Glob Health 2022; 12:10011. [PMID: 35916658 PMCID: PMC9344980 DOI: 10.7189/jogh.12.10011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Early and exclusive breastfeeding have been shown to protect young infants from all-cause and diarrhoea-related mortality. Ideally breastfeeding should be initiated within the first hour of birth. Despite efforts to increase rates of early and exclusive breastfeeding in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), challenges with uptake remain. This analysis reviews trends in early and exclusive breastfeeding, and the impact of infant feeding interventions in reducing childhood diarrhoea. Methods We conducted a detailed review of articles written in English between 1990 and 2020 on the impact and efficacy of breastfeeding and complementary feeding on diarrhoea in children aged 0-2 years in LMICs. Using data from 86 countries and all WHO global regions collected from the mid-1980s through 2018 obtained from publicly available Demographic Health Surveys, we assessed trends in five-year intervals of timing of breastfeeding initiation, exclusive breastfeeding, median and mean duration of exclusive breastfeeding, and complementary feeding. Results The literature search identified ten articles that described variable rates of early initiation of breastfeeding from 20% in Pakistan to 76% in Egypt. An analysis of 288 DHS studies found that the proportion of women who reported initiating breastfeeding within an hour of birth increased from 32% in the early 1990s to 55% between 2016 and 2020. Exclusive breastfeeding increased from 20% in the late 1980s to 48% between 2016 and 2020 and the mean duration of exclusive breastfeeding of 2-to-4-month-old infants doubled. Early initiation of breastfeeding and exclusive breastfeeding was associated with reductions in diarrhoea prevalence in the South East Asian, Western Pacific, Eastern Mediterranean, and African regions. Eight studies evaluating the effectiveness of different maternal education interventions, health care worker training, and media campaigns demonstrated improvements in exclusive breastfeeding, and most resulted in reductions in the incidence or duration of diarrhoea. Conclusions During the last two decades, early and exclusive breastfeeding have increased. Nevertheless, the uptake of this basic, low-cost intervention remains suboptimal across all global regions. Given the potential benefits the in reduction of diarrhoea and diarrhoea-associated mortality, interventions for improving the uptake of early and exclusive breastfeeding in different sociological contexts need to be designed, implemented, and evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davidson H Hamer
- Department of Global Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Hiwote Solomon
- Doctor of Public Health Program, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Gopika Das
- Department of Global Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Tanner Knabe
- College of Engineering, Boston University, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jennifer Beard
- Department of Global Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jon Simon
- Department of Maternal, Newborn, Child and Adolescent Health and Ageing, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Yasir B Nisar
- Department of Maternal, Newborn, Child and Adolescent Health and Ageing, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - William B MacLeod
- Department of Global Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Anto-Ocrah M, Latulipe RJ, Mark TE, Adler D, Zaihra T, Lanning JW. Exploring association of mobile phone access with positive health outcomes and behaviors amongst post-partum mothers in rural Malawi. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2022; 22:485. [PMID: 35698066 PMCID: PMC9191538 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-022-04782-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Access to mass media and emerging technologies (e.g., cell phones, the internet, and social media) is a social determinant of health that has been shown to profoundly influence women’s health outcomes. In the African region, where women in rural settings with limited access to care are most vulnerable to maternal mortality and other pregnancy-related morbidities, mobile phone access can be an important and life-saving health determinant. Objective The goal of this study was to examine the association between mobile/cellular phone ownership and health behaviors of post-partum mothers in rural Malawi. Methods In this cross-sectional study, we recruited and consented a convenient sample of 174 post-partum mothers of 4- and 5-month-olds who were attending well-child clinics in Gowa, situated in the rural Ntcheu district of Malawi. Using logistic regression models, we hypothesized that compared to non-cell phone owners, mobile phone ownership will be predictive (greater odds) of antenatal visit frequency, exclusive breastfeeding knowledge and practices, health-seeking behaviors, and involvement in motherhood support groups; and protective (lower odds) of infant illnesses, breastfeeding challenges, and post-partum depressive symptoms. Results Mobile phones were highly prevalent in this rural setting, with 45% (n = 79) of post-partum women indicating they owned at least one cell phone. Cell phone owners tended to have higher levels of education (p < 0.012) and wealth (p < 0.001). Interestingly, mobile phone ownership was only associated with exclusive breastfeeding practices; and phone owners had 75% lower odds of exclusively breastfeeding (adj. OR 0.25; 95% CI: 0.07–0.92, p = 0.038) in multivariable models. Though not statistically significant but clinically meaningful, cell phone ownership was associated with fewer depressive symptoms (adj. OR 0.84; 95% CI: 0.39–1.84, p = 0.67) and more social support (adj. OR 1.14; 95% CI: 0.61–2.13, p = 0.70). Conclusions Digital literacy and internet connectivity are social determinants of health, thus delving deeper into mothers’ digital experiences to identify and ameliorate their unique barriers to full digital access will be crucial to successful implementation of digital interventions to address post-partum challenges for women in hard-to-reach settings such as ours. Such interventions are of even greater relevance as the Covid-19 pandemic has increased the urgency of reaching vulnerable, marginalized populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Anto-Ocrah
- Division of General Internal Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 230 McKee Place, Suite 600, PA, 15213, Pittsburgh, USA.
| | - Ryan J Latulipe
- Department of Emergency Medicine, New York Presbyterian/Columbia & Cornell, 525 E 68th St Box #301, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Tiffany E Mark
- Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 1800 Orleans St, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - David Adler
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, 601 Elmwood Ave, NY, 14642, Rochester, USA
| | - Tasneem Zaihra
- Lahey Hospital & Medical Center, 31 Mall Rd, MA, 01805, Burlington, USA
| | - Joseph W Lanning
- The School for International Training Graduate Institute, VT, Brattleboro, USA
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Keddy KH, Saha S, Kariuki S, Kalule JB, Qamar FN, Haq Z, Okeke IN. Using big data and mobile health to manage diarrhoeal disease in children in low-income and middle-income countries: societal barriers and ethical implications. THE LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2022; 22:e130-e142. [DOI: 10.1016/s1473-3099(21)00585-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Hoyt-Austin AE, Kair LR, Larson IA, Stehel EK. Academy of Breastfeeding Medicine Clinical Protocol #2: Guidelines for Birth Hospitalization Discharge of Breastfeeding Dyads, Revised 2022. Breastfeed Med 2022; 17:197-206. [PMID: 35302875 PMCID: PMC9206473 DOI: 10.1089/bfm.2022.29203.aeh] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
A central goal of the Academy of Breastfeeding Medicine is the development of clinical protocols for managing common medical problems that may impact breastfeeding success. These protocols serve only as guidelines for the care of breastfeeding mothers and infants and do not delineate an exclusive course of treatment or serve as standards of medical care. Variations in treatment may be appropriate according to the needs of an individual patient. The Academy of Breastfeeding Medicine recognizes that not all lactating individuals identify as women. Using gender-inclusive language, however, is not possible in all languages and all countries and for all readers. The position of the Academy of Breastfeeding Medicine (https://doi.org/10.1089/bfm.2021.29188.abm) is to interpret clinical protocols within the framework of inclusivity of all breastfeeding, chestfeeding, and human milk-feeding individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrienne E Hoyt-Austin
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - Laura R Kair
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - Ilse A Larson
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Elizabeth K Stehel
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
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Jiang C, Chu X, Yu Z, Chen X, Zhang J, Han S. Effects of a WeChat Mini-Program on Human Milk Feeding Rates in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:888683. [PMID: 35799691 PMCID: PMC9253379 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.888683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We investigated changes in maternal daily milk pumping frequency and milk volume per expression and their derived lactation indicators, as well as human milk (HM) feeding status with a focus on amount and rates in preterm infants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) after using a WeChat mini-program during the 2019 coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. METHODS The study was conducted with 482 mothers and their 544 babies. We prospectively enrolled mothers and infants with birth weight <1,500 g or gestational age <32 weeks born in 2020, and retrospectively included the same population in 2019. All study subjects were classified into three subgroups: pre-pandemic (PP, 2019), early pandemic (EP, January to April 2020), and late pandemic (LP, May to December 2020). From 1 January 2020, mothers recorded in an online pumping diary using the WeChat mini-program. We obtained the infants' feeding information from an online database for analysis. RESULTS Maternal lactation indicators did not change significantly. However, 56.7% (139/245) of mothers achieved milk volume ≥500 ml/day (CTV) in PP, 58.9% (33/156) in EP, and a slight increase to 60.7% (91/150) in LP. Maternal pumping frequency remained about eight times/day. In LP, daily milk volume was higher than the other two periods from day 4, and mothers achieved CTV by day 12, which was achieved in the other two groups by 13-14 days. There were several statistical differences in the amount and rates of feeding between the groups, particularly about HM and donor milk feeding, with the vast majority being decreased during EP, while during LP they returned to PP levels. Pleasingly, the median average daily dose of HM at 1-28 days was highest in LP (LP, 87.8 vs. PP, 75.5 or EP, 52.6 ml/kg/day, P corrected < 0.001). In addition, most categorical feeding indicators decreased in EP and recovered in LP. CONCLUSION An education model based on the WeChat program could aid lactation education and management in mothers of preterm infants to maintain healthy lactation. The model, together with optimized management strategies, can ensure that the HM feeding rate is not compromised in vulnerable high-risk infants during NICU hospitalization in a public health emergency, like the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengyao Jiang
- Department of Paediatrics, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Xue Chu
- Department of Paediatrics, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhangbin Yu
- Department of Paediatrics, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaohui Chen
- Department of Paediatrics, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Paediatrics, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Shuping Han
- Department of Paediatrics, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, China
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Ekholuenetale M, Mistry SK, Chimoriya R, Nash S, Doyizode AM, Arora A. Socioeconomic inequalities in early initiation and exclusive breastfeeding practices in Bangladesh: findings from the 2018 demographic and health survey. Int Breastfeed J 2021; 16:73. [PMID: 34565400 PMCID: PMC8474822 DOI: 10.1186/s13006-021-00420-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Optimal breastfeeding practices including early initiation of breastfeeding and exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) are associated with positive health outcomes. Socioeconomic inequalities in key breastfeeding indicators may play a role in the prevalence of breastfeeding practices. The objective of this study was to examine the socioeconomic inequalities in early initiation of breastfeeding and EBF practices in Bangladesh based on the 2018 Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey (BDHS). METHODS This was a secondary data analysis of the nationally representative 2018 BDHS. Data on 4950 women of reproductive age who had ever given birth and 924 children aged 0-5 months were extracted, for early initiation of breastfeeding and EBF. Early initiation of breastfeeding was determined from children who were put to the breast within the first hour of birth. Exclusive breastfeeding was estimated from children aged 0-5 months who were exclusively breastfed. RESULTS The weighted prevalence of early initiation of breastfeeding and EBF were 60.8% (95% CI; 59.0, 62.6%) and 66.8% (95% CI; 63.1, 70.3%), respectively. The estimated prevalence of early initiation among the poorest, poorer, middle, richer and richest households were 67.8, 66.3, 58.4, 56.3 and 54.4%, respectively. Similarly, early initiation prevalence of 64.4, 65.0, 61.1 and 52.3% were estimated among women with no formal education, primary, secondary and higher education, respectively. The estimated prevalence of EBF among the poorest, poorer, middle, richer and richest households were 63.0, 65.2, 67.7, 66.7 and 69.9%, respectively. Similarly, the estimated EBF prevalence were 62.5, 66.0, 66.3 and 68.9% among women with no formal education, primary, secondary and higher education, respectively. Early initiation of breastfeeding was higher among lower household wealth (Conc. Index = - 0.049; SE = 0.006) and lower educational attainment groups (Conc. Index = - 0.035; SE = 0.006). CONCLUSIONS Improving optimal breastfeeding practices in Bangladesh should be given utmost priority. A need to address the socioeconomic inequalities in breastfeeding practices was also identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Ekholuenetale
- Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Faculty of Public Health, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Sabuj Kanti Mistry
- Centre for Primary Health Care and Equity, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.,BRAC James P Grant School of Public Health, BRAC University, 68 Shahid Tajuddin Ahmed Sharani, Mohakhali, Dhaka, 1212, Bangladesh
| | - Ritesh Chimoriya
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW, 2560, Australia.,Health Equity Laboratory, School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia
| | - Simone Nash
- Health Equity Laboratory, School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia
| | - Ashish M Doyizode
- Health Equity Laboratory, School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia
| | - Amit Arora
- Health Equity Laboratory, School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia. .,Translational Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia. .,Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, Sydney Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Westmead, NSW, 2145, Australia. .,Oral Health Services, Sydney Local Health District and Sydney Dental Hospital, NSW Health, Surry Hills, NSW, 2010, Australia.
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13
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Trafford Z, Jewett S, Swartz A, LeFevre AE, Winch PJ, Colvin CJ, Barron P, Bamford L. Reported infant feeding practices and contextual influences on breastfeeding: qualitative interviews with women registered to MomConnect in three South African provinces. Int Breastfeed J 2020; 15:81. [PMID: 32928259 PMCID: PMC7489212 DOI: 10.1186/s13006-020-00315-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Global guidelines recommend exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) for the first 6 months of life. South African EBF rates have steadily increased but still only average 32% for infants below 6 months of age. Malnutrition and developmental delays continue to contribute substantially to the morbidity and mortality of South African children. MomConnect, a national mHealth messaging system used to send infant and maternal health messages during and after pregnancy, has a specific focus on improving rates of breastfeeding and has achieved high rates of population coverage. Methods For this qualitative study, we interviewed women who were registered to MomConnect to investigate their breastfeeding and other infant feeding practices, decision-making pre- and post-delivery, and the role of the health system, family members and the wider community in supporting or detracting from breastfeeding intentions. Data were collected from February–March 2018 in South Africa’s KwaZulu-Natal, Free State and Gauteng provinces. Framework analysis was conducted to identify common themes. Results Most women interviewed had breastfed, including HIV-positive women. Even when women had delivered by caesarean section, they had usually been able to initiate breastfeeding a few hours after birth. Understandings of EBF varied in thoroughness and there was some confusion about the best way to cease breastfeeding. Most women felt well-equipped to make infant feeding decisions and to stick to their intentions, but returning to work or school sometimes prevented 6 months of EBF. Advice from the health system (both via clinics and MomConnect) was considered helpful and supportive in encouraging EBF to 6 months, although family influences could thwart these intentions, especially for younger women. Mothers reported a range of breastfeeding information sources that influenced their choices, including social media. Conclusions Efforts to improve EBF rates must include consideration of the social and economic environment surrounding women. Interventions that focus only on improving women’s knowledge are valuable but insufficient on their own. Attention should also be paid to infant behaviors, and how these affect women’s breastfeeding choices. Finally, although there is strong local policy support for EBF, more rigorous implementation of these and other broader changes to create a more enabling structural environment ought to be prioritized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zara Trafford
- Division of Social and Behavioural Sciences, School of Public Health and Family Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - Sara Jewett
- School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Alison Swartz
- Division of Social and Behavioural Sciences, School of Public Health and Family Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Amnesty E LeFevre
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, USA.,Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Family Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Peter J Winch
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, USA
| | - Christopher J Colvin
- Division of Social and Behavioural Sciences, School of Public Health and Family Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.,Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, USA
| | - Peter Barron
- School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
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