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Nagai T, Sekimoto T, Kurogi S, Ohta T, Miyazaki S, Yamaguchi Y, Tajima T, Chosa E, Imasaka M, Yoshinobu K, Araki K, Araki M, Choijookhuu N, Sato K, Hishikawa Y, Funamoto T. Tmem161a regulates bone formation and bone strength through the P38 MAPK pathway. Sci Rep 2023; 13:14639. [PMID: 37670024 PMCID: PMC10480474 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-41837-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone remodeling is an extraordinarily complex process involving a variety of factors, such as genetic, metabolic, and environmental components. Although genetic factors play a particularly important role, many have not been identified. In this study, we investigated the role of transmembrane 161a (Tmem161a) in bone structure and function using wild-type (WT) and Tmem161a-depleted (Tmem161aGT/GT) mice. Mice femurs were examined by histological, morphological, and bone strength analyses. Osteoblast differentiation and mineral deposition were examined in Tmem161a-overexpressed, -knockdown and -knockout MC3T3-e1 cells. In WT mice, Tmem161a was expressed in osteoblasts of femurs; however, it was depleted in Tmem161aGT/GT mice. Cortical bone mineral density, thickness, and bone strength were significantly increased in Tmem161aGT/GT mice femurs. In MC3T3-e1 cells, decreased expression of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and Osterix were found in Tmem161a overexpression, and these findings were reversed in Tmem161a-knockdown or -knockout cells. Microarray and western blot analyses revealed upregulation of the P38 MAPK pathway in Tmem161a-knockout cells, which referred as stress-activated protein kinases. ALP and flow cytometry analyses revealed that Tmem161a-knockout cells were resistant to oxidative stress. In summary, Tmem161a is an important regulator of P38 MAPK signaling, and depletion of Tmem161a induces thicker and stronger bones in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Nagai
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Department of Medicine of Sensory and Motor Organs, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, 5200 Kihara, Kiyotake, Miyazaki, 889-1692, Japan
| | - Tomohisa Sekimoto
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Department of Medicine of Sensory and Motor Organs, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, 5200 Kihara, Kiyotake, Miyazaki, 889-1692, Japan
| | - Syuji Kurogi
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Department of Medicine of Sensory and Motor Organs, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, 5200 Kihara, Kiyotake, Miyazaki, 889-1692, Japan
| | - Tomomi Ohta
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Department of Medicine of Sensory and Motor Organs, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, 5200 Kihara, Kiyotake, Miyazaki, 889-1692, Japan
| | - Shihoko Miyazaki
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Department of Medicine of Sensory and Motor Organs, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, 5200 Kihara, Kiyotake, Miyazaki, 889-1692, Japan
| | - Yoichiro Yamaguchi
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Department of Medicine of Sensory and Motor Organs, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, 5200 Kihara, Kiyotake, Miyazaki, 889-1692, Japan
| | - Takuya Tajima
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Department of Medicine of Sensory and Motor Organs, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, 5200 Kihara, Kiyotake, Miyazaki, 889-1692, Japan
| | - Etsuo Chosa
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Department of Medicine of Sensory and Motor Organs, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, 5200 Kihara, Kiyotake, Miyazaki, 889-1692, Japan
| | - Mai Imasaka
- Department of Genetics, Hyogo Medical University, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Kumiko Yoshinobu
- Institute of Resource Development and Analysis, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Kimi Araki
- Institute of Resource Development and Analysis, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Masatake Araki
- Institute of Resource Development and Analysis, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Narantsog Choijookhuu
- Department of Anatomy, Histochemistry and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Katsuaki Sato
- Division of Immunology Department of Infectious Disease, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Hishikawa
- Department of Anatomy, Histochemistry and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Taro Funamoto
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Department of Medicine of Sensory and Motor Organs, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, 5200 Kihara, Kiyotake, Miyazaki, 889-1692, Japan.
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Luo G, Ma B, Jiang Y, Lv H. Propofol Induces the Expression of Nrf2 and HO-1 in Echinococcus granulosus via the JNK and p38 Pathway In Vitro. Trop Med Infect Dis 2023; 8:306. [PMID: 37368724 DOI: 10.3390/tropicalmed8060306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to establish the relationship between mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and Nrf2 signaling pathways in Echinococcus granulosus (E. granulosus). E. granulosus protoscoleces (PSCs) cultured in vitro were divided into different groups: a control group, PSCs were pretreated with various concentrations of propofol followed by exposure to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and PSCs were pretreated with MAPK inhibitors, then co-treated with propofol and incubated in the presence of H2O2. PSCs activity was observed under an inverted microscope and survival rate was calculated. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) was detected by fluorescence microscopy, western blotting was used to detect the expression of Nrf2, Bcl-2, and heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) in the PSCs among different groups. Pretreatment of PSCs with 0-1 mM propofol for 8 h prevented PSCs death after exposure to 0.5 mM H2O2. PSCs were pretreated with PD98059, SB202190, or SP600125 for 2 h, co-treated with propofol for an additional 8 h, and then exposed to 0.5 mM H2O2 for 6 h. On day 6, the PSCs viability was 42% and 39% in the p38 and JNK inhibitor groups, respectively. Additionally, pretreatment with propofol significantly attenuated the generation of ROS following H2O2 treatment. Propofol increased the expression of Nrf2, HO-1, and BCL2 compared with that of the control group. Pretreatment PSCs with SP600125 or SB202190, co-incubation with propofol and H2O2, can reduce the expression of Nrf2, HO-1, and BCL2 (p < 0.05). These results suggest that propofol induces an upregulated expression of HO-1 and Nrf2 by activation of the JNK and p38 MAPK signaling pathways. This study highlights the cross role of metabolic regulation of ROS signaling and targeting signalling pathways that may provide a promising strategy for the treatment of E. granulosus disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangyi Luo
- Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu 610031, China
- Section for Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Bin Ma
- Department of General Surgery, Jinxiang People's Hospital, Jining 272200, China
| | - Yufeng Jiang
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, China
| | - Hailong Lv
- Section for Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu 610031, China
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Zhai ZH, Li J, You Z, Cai Y, Yang J, An J, Zhao DP, Wang HJ, Dou MM, Du R, Qin J. Feline umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells: isolation, identification, and antioxidative stress role through NF-κB signaling pathway. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1203012. [PMID: 37303730 PMCID: PMC10249476 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1203012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
At present, the differentiation potential and antioxidant activity of feline umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs) have not been clearly studied. In this study, feline UC-MSCs were isolated by tissue adhesion method, identified by flow cytometry detection of cell surface markers (CD44, CD90, CD34, and CD45), and induced differentiation toward osteogenesis and adipogenesis in vitro. Furthermore, the oxidative stress model was established with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) (100 μM, 300 μM, 500 μM, 700 μM, and 900 μM). The antioxidant properties of feline UC-MSCs and feline fibroblasts were compared by morphological observation, ROS detection, cell viability via CCK-8 assay, as well as oxidative and antioxidative parameters via ELISA. The mRNA expression of genes related to NF-κB pathway was detected via quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, while the levels of NF-κB signaling cascade-related proteins were determined via Western Blot. The results showed that feline UC-MSCs highly expressed CD44 and CD90, while negative for CD34 and CD45 expression. Feline UC-MSCs cultured under osteogenic and adipogenic conditions showed good differentiation capacity. After being exposed to different concentrations of H2O2 for eight hours, feline UC-MSCs exhibited the significantly higher survival rate than feline fibroblasts. A certain concentration of H2O2 could up-regulate the activities of SOD2 and GSH-Px in feline UC-MSCs. The expression levels of p50, MnSOD, and FHC mRNA in feline UC-MSCs stimulated by 300 μM and 500 μM H2O2 significantly increased compared with the control group. Furthermore, it was observed that 500 μM H2O2 significantly enhanced the protein levels of p-IκB, IκB, p-p50, p50, MnSOD, and FHC, which could be reversed by BAY 11-7,082, a NF-κB signaling pathway inhibitor. In conclusion, it was confirmed that feline UC-MSCs, with good osteogenesis and adipogenesis abilities, had better antioxidant property which might be related to NF-κB signaling pathway. This study lays a foundation for the further application of feline UC-MSCs in treating the various inflammatory and oxidative injury diseases of pets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhu-Hui Zhai
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, China
| | - Jun Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, China
| | - Zhao You
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, China
| | - Yang Cai
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, China
| | - Jie Yang
- College of Life Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, China
| | - Jie An
- College of Life Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, China
| | - Di-Peng Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, China
| | - He-Jie Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, China
| | - Min-Min Dou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, China
| | - Rong Du
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, China
| | - Jian Qin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, China
- College of Life Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, China
- Center of Experiment Teaching, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, China
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Suraweera TL, Merlin JPJ, Dellaire G, Xu Z, Rupasinghe HPV. Genistein and Procyanidin B2 Reduce Carcinogen-Induced Reactive Oxygen Species and DNA Damage through the Activation of Nrf2/ARE Cell Signaling in Bronchial Epithelial Cells In Vitro. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043676. [PMID: 36835090 PMCID: PMC9961944 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Chemotherapy and radiation therapy are currently providing the basis for cancer therapies, although both are associated with significant side effects. Thus, cancer prevention through dietary modifications has been receiving growing interest. The potential of selected flavonoids in reducing carcinogen-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) and DNA damage through the activation of nuclear factor erythroid 2 p45 (NF-E2)-related factor (Nrf2)/antioxidant response element (ARE) pathway was studied in vitro. Dose-dependent effects of pre-incubated flavonoids on pro-carcinogen 4-[(acetoxymethyl)nitrosamino]-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNKAc)-induced ROS and DNA damage in human bronchial epithelial cells were studied in comparison to non-flavonoids. The most effective flavonoids were assessed for the activation of Nrf2/ARE pathway. Genistein, procyanidin B2 (PCB2), and quercetin significantly suppressed the NNKAc-induced ROS and DNA damage. Quercetin significantly upregulated the phosphorylated protein kinase B/Akt. PCB2 significantly upregulated the activation of Nrf2 and Akt through phosphorylation. Genistein and PCB2 significantly upregulated the phospho-Nrf2 nuclear translocation and catalase activity. In summary, genistein and PCB2 reduced the NNKAc-induced ROS and DNA damage through the activation of Nrf2. Further studies are required to understand the role of dietary flavonoids on the regulation of the Nrf2/ARE pathway in relation to carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tharindu L. Suraweera
- Department of Plant, Food, and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS B2N 2R8, Canada
| | - J. P. Jose Merlin
- Department of Plant, Food, and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS B2N 2R8, Canada
| | - Graham Dellaire
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4H7, Canada
| | - Zhaolin Xu
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4H7, Canada
- QEII Health Sciences Centre, Division of Anatomical Pathology and Cytopathology, Nova Scotia Health Authority, Halifax, NS B3H 1V8, Canada
| | - H. P. Vasantha Rupasinghe
- Department of Plant, Food, and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS B2N 2R8, Canada
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4H7, Canada
- Correspondence:
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Waheed TO, Hahn O, Sridharan K, Mörke C, Kamp G, Peters K. Oxidative Stress Response in Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:13435. [PMID: 36362223 PMCID: PMC9654835 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) can irreversibly damage biological molecules, a process known as oxidative stress. Elevated ROS levels are associated with immune cell activation. Sustained immune system activation can affect many different cells in the environment. One cell type that has been detected in almost all tissues of the body is mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSC). MSC possess proliferation and differentiation potential, thus facilitating regeneration processes. However, the regenerative capacity of MSC might be impaired by oxidative stress, and the effects of long-term oxidative stress on MSC functions are sparsely described. The examination of oxidative stress is often performed by exposure to H2O2. Since H2O2 is rapidly degraded, we additionally exposed the cell cultures to glucose oxidase (GOx), resulting in sustained exposure to H2O2. Using these model systems, we have focused on the effects of short- and long-term oxidative stress on viability, migration, differentiation, and signaling. All cellular functions examined were affected by the applied oxidative stress. The differences that occur between pulsed and sustained oxidative stress indicated higher oxidative stress in MSC upon direct H2O2 exposure, whereas the GOx-induced prolonged exposure to H2O2 seems to allow for better cellular adaptation. The mechanisms underlying these different responses are currently unknown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tawakalitu Okikiola Waheed
- Department of Cell Biology, University Medical Centre Rostock, Schillingallee 69, 18057 Rostock, Germany
| | - Olga Hahn
- Department of Cell Biology, University Medical Centre Rostock, Schillingallee 69, 18057 Rostock, Germany
| | - Kaarthik Sridharan
- Department of Cell Biology, University Medical Centre Rostock, Schillingallee 69, 18057 Rostock, Germany
| | - Caroline Mörke
- Department of Cell Biology, University Medical Centre Rostock, Schillingallee 69, 18057 Rostock, Germany
| | - Günter Kamp
- AMP-Lab GmbH, Mendelstr. 11, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Kirsten Peters
- Department of Cell Biology, University Medical Centre Rostock, Schillingallee 69, 18057 Rostock, Germany
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Wang C, Liu X, Shu Z, Yin J, Xiao M, Ai Y, Zhao P, Luo Z, Liu B. Exposure to automobile exhaust-derived PM2.5 induces spermatogenesis dysfunction by damaging UPR mt of prepubertal rats. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 245:114087. [PMID: 36122457 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.114087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Automobile exhaust-derived particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5) can cause spermatogenic cell damage, potentially resulting in male infertility. This study uses male prepubertal Sprague Dawley (SD) rats to explore the molecular mechanisms by which automobile exhaust-derived PM2.5 causes spermatogenic cell damage and induces spermatogenesis dysfunction during sexual maturity by disrupting the mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPRmt) in spermatogenic cells. Male prepubertal SD rats were randomly divided into four groups: control (intratracheal instillation of normal saline), low-dose PM2.5 (5 mg/kg), high-dose PM2.5 (10 mg/kg), and PM2.5 10 mg/kg +Vit (100 mg/kg of vitamin C and 50 mg/kg of vitamin E). The rats were treated for four weeks, with five consecutive treatment days and two non-treatment days, followed by cohabitation. Testicular and epididymal tissues were harvested for analysis. The mitochondria in spermatogenic cells were observed under an electron microscope. UPRmt-, oxidative stress-, and apoptosis-related markers in spermatogenic cells were examined. Spermatogenic cell numbers and conception rate declined significantly with increasing PM2.5 dose, with their mitochondria becoming vacuolated, swollen, and degenerated to varying degrees. The apoptosis of spermatogenic cells was abnormally enhanced in PM2.5 exposed groups compared to the control group. Spermatogenic cell numbers of conception rate gradually recovered, mitochondrial damage in spermatogenic cells was alleviated, and spermatogenic cell apoptosis was significantly reduced after vitamin intervention. In addition, protein levels of superoxide dismutase 1 (Sod1), nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), and B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) were significantly lower, while those of Bcl2-associated X apoptosis regulator (Bax), cleaved caspase 3 (Casp3), and cytochrome c (Cyt-c) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were significantly higher in the high-dose PM2.5 group than in the control group. The levels of UPRmt-related proteins C/EBP homologous protein (Chop), heat shock protein 60 (Hsp60), and activating transcription factors 4 (Atf4) and 5 (Atf5) were higher in the low-dose PM2.5 group, lower in the high-dose PM2.5 group, and gradually recovered in PM2.5 10 mg/kg +Vit group. Our results show that exposure to automobile exhaust-derived PM2.5 induces oxidative stress responses, leads to post-sexual maturation UPRmt dysfunction and mitochondrial impairment, and abnormally enhances spermatogenic cell apoptosis in prepubertal rats, resulting in male infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cao Wang
- Guizhou Children's Hospital, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, China; Department of Pediatric Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Xiang Liu
- Guizhou Children's Hospital, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, China; Department of Pediatric Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Zhen Shu
- Guizhou Children's Hospital, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, China; Department of Pediatric Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Jia Yin
- Guizhou Children's Hospital, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, China; Department of Pediatric Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Mingchen Xiao
- Guizhou Children's Hospital, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, China; Department of Pediatric Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Yaya Ai
- Guizhou Children's Hospital, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, China; Department of Pediatric Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Peng Zhao
- Guizhou Children's Hospital, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, China; Department of Pediatric Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Zhen Luo
- Guizhou Children's Hospital, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, China; Department of Pediatric Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Guizhou Children's Hospital, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, China; Department of Pediatric Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, China.
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Hu Y, Li J, Lin H, Liu P, Zhang F, Lin X, Liang J, Tao Y, Jiang Y, Chen B. Ultrasonic treatment decreases Lyophyllum decastes fruiting body browning and affects energy metabolism. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2022; 89:106111. [PMID: 35998484 PMCID: PMC9421313 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2022.106111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Lyophyllum decastes is a common mushroom that is prone to browning during prolonged storage. In this study, the effects of ultrasonic treatment on metabolic gene expression, enzyme activity, and metabolic compounds related to L. decastes browning were investigated. Treatment of the fruiting body at 35 kHz and 300 W for 10 min reduced the browning index of L. decastes by 21.0 % and increased the L* value by 11.1 %. Ultrasonic treatment of the fruiting body resulted in higher levels of total phenols, flavonoids, and 9 kinds of amino acid with catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD) activities maintained at high levels. Higher cytochrome c oxidase (CCO), succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), phosphofructokinase (PFK), and pyruvate kinase (PK) activities may be ascribed to increased antioxidant capacity. Moreover, ultrasonication retained higher adenosine triphosphate (ATP) concentrations with an increased energy charge, while there were lower levels of adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and reduced and oxidized nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH and NAD+), respectively. Meanwhile, lower lignin contents were observed, along with retarded polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and lipoxygenase (LOX) activities. Lower PPO activity reduced the fruiting body enzymatic browning rate through decreased expression of LdPpo1, LdPpo2, and LdPpo3 during storage at 4 °C for 16 days. This activity may be used to determine the effectiveness of ultrasonication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Hu
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China; Mycological Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China
| | - Jian Li
- Mycological Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China; College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China
| | - Hailu Lin
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China; Mycological Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China
| | - Peipei Liu
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China; Mycological Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China
| | - Fangyi Zhang
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China; Mycological Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China
| | - Xiaotong Lin
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China; Mycological Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China
| | - Jiachen Liang
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China
| | - Yongxin Tao
- Mycological Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China; College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China.
| | - Yuji Jiang
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China; Mycological Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China.
| | - Bingzhi Chen
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China; Mycological Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China.
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Zhao LX, Zhang K, Shen BB, Li JN. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes for gastrointestinal cancer. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2021; 13:1981-1996. [PMID: 35070036 PMCID: PMC8713327 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v13.i12.1981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal (GI) malignancies, a series of malignant conditions originating from the digestive system, include gastric cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, pancreatic cancer, and colorectal cancer. GI cancers have been regarded as the leading cancer-related cause of death in recent years. Therefore, it is essential to develop effective treatment strategies for GI malignancies. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), a type of distinct non-hematopoietic stem cells and an important component of the tumor microenvironment, play important roles in regulating GI cancer development and progression through multiple mechanisms, such as secreting cytokines and direct interactions. Currently, studies are focusing on the anti-cancer effect of MSCs on GI malignancies. However, the effects and functional mechanisms of MSC-derived exosomes on GI cancer are less studied. MSC-derived exosomes can regulate GI tumor growth, drug response, metastasis, and invasion through transplanting proteins and miRNA to tumor cells to activate the specific signal pathway. Besides, the MSC-derived exosomes are also seen as an important drug delivery system and have shown potential in anti-cancer treatment. This study aims to summarize the effect and biological functions of MSC-derived exosomes on the development of GI cancers and discuss their possible clinical applications for the treatment of GI malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Xian Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, Jilin Province, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, Jilin Province, China
| | - Bing-Bing Shen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, Hubei Province, China
| | - Jian-Nan Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, Jilin Province, China
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