1
|
Chai HC, Mahendran R, Ong KC, Chua KH. Revisiting the gene mutations and protein profile of WT 9-12: An autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease cell line. Genes Cells 2024; 29:599-607. [PMID: 38782708 DOI: 10.1111/gtc.13129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
WT 9-12 is one of the cell lines commonly used for autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) studies. Previous studies had described the PKD gene mutations and polycystin expression in WT 9-12. Nonetheless, the mutations occurring in other ADPKD-associated genes have not been investigated. This study aims to revisit these mutations and protein profile of WT 9-12. Whole genome sequencing verified the presence of truncation mutation at amino acid 2556 (Q2556X) in PKD1 gene of WT 9-12. Besides, those variations with high impacts included single nucleotide polymorphisms (rs8054182, rs117006360, and rs12925771) and insertions and deletions (InDels) (rs145602984 and rs55980345) in PKD1L2; InDel (rs1296698195) in PKD1L3; and copy number variations in GANAB. Protein profiles generated from the total proteins of WT 9-12 and HK-2 cells were compared using isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) analysis. Polycystin-1 was absent in WT 9-12. The gene ontology enrichment and reactome pathway analyses revealed that the upregulated and downregulated proteins of WT 9-12 relative to HK-2 cell line leaded to signaling pathways related to immune response and amino acid metabolism, respectively. The ADPKD-related mutations and signaling pathways associated with differentially expressed proteins in WT 9-12 may help researchers in cell line selection for their studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hwa Chia Chai
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Rhubaniya Mahendran
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kien Chai Ong
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kek Heng Chua
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Fung WWS, Szeto CC, Chow KM, Cheng PMS, Kwong VWK, Lau SLF, Pang WF, Chu WCW, Ong ACM, Devuyst O, Li PKT. Clinical Characteristics and Kidney Outcomes in Chinese Patients with Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease. KIDNEY360 2024; 5:715-723. [PMID: 38556647 PMCID: PMC11146654 DOI: 10.34067/kid.0000000000000433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Key Points The Mayo clinic imaging classification allows more accurate risk stratification but is limited by the lack of data on non-White populations and on atypical imaging patterns. In this cohort of Chinese patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease, an atypical imaging pattern was observed in 17% of the cases, associated with later presentation and a milder disease course. There may be genotypic differences, especially among those with atypical imaging. Future genotyping studies will help to define the genetic basis for the phenotypic spectrum in Chinese patients. Background The management of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) remains challenging with variable and uncertain genotype–phenotype correlations. The Mayo clinic imaging classification allows more accurate risk stratification but is limited by the atypical imaging patterns. We aim to assess the clinical characteristics and the morphology of the cystic kidneys in a cohort of Chinese patients with ADPKD. Methods Ninety-eight patients with ADPKD were recruited prospectively from August 2019 to December 2020 in Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong. They were subsequently followed up every 6 months for a minimum of 2 years. We reviewed the clinical characteristics and magnetic resonance imaging patterns at baseline and the kidney outcome at the end of the follow-up. Atypical imaging patterns included unilateral, segmental, asymmetric, lopsided, and bilateral atrophy as defined by the Mayo Imaging Classification. Results The mean age was 51.5±14.3 years, and the mean eGFR 68.7±27.5 ml/min per 1.73 m2. The 98 patients included 36 male and 62 female. Seventy-six patients (77.6%) had a family history. Seventeen of the 98 (17.3%) patients had atypical imaging patterns. Compared with typical cases, atypical cases were older at the time of diagnosis (49.5±16.0 versus 33.0±13.0 years, P < 0.001) and at the time of starting antihypertensive medications (52.4±14.8 versus 39.7±11.0 years, P = 0.001) and were less likely to have a positive family history (58.8% versus 81.5%, P = 0.042). Patients with atypical patterns showed a lower eGFR decline compared with those with the typical pattern (−0.86±4.34 versus −3.44±4.07 ml/min per 1.73 m2 per year, P = 0.022). Conclusions In this cohort of Chinese patients with ADPKD, an atypical imaging pattern was observed in 17% of the cases, associated with later presentation and a milder disease course. Future genotyping studies will help to define the genetic architecture and the basis for the phenotypic spectrum in Chinese patients with ADPKD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Winston Wing-Shing Fung
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, China
- CUHK Carol and Richard Yu Peritoneal Dialysis Research Centre, Hong Kong, China
| | - Cheuk-Chun Szeto
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, China
- CUHK Carol and Richard Yu Peritoneal Dialysis Research Centre, Hong Kong, China
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences (LiHS), The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kai-Ming Chow
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, China
- CUHK Carol and Richard Yu Peritoneal Dialysis Research Centre, Hong Kong, China
| | - Phyllis Mei-Shan Cheng
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, China
- CUHK Carol and Richard Yu Peritoneal Dialysis Research Centre, Hong Kong, China
| | - Vickie Wai-Ki Kwong
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, China
- CUHK Carol and Richard Yu Peritoneal Dialysis Research Centre, Hong Kong, China
| | - Sam Lik-Fung Lau
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, China
- CUHK Carol and Richard Yu Peritoneal Dialysis Research Centre, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wing-Fai Pang
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, China
- CUHK Carol and Richard Yu Peritoneal Dialysis Research Centre, Hong Kong, China
| | - Winnie Chiu-Wing Chu
- Department of Imaging and Interventional Radiology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Albert Chee Meng Ong
- Academic Nephrology Unit, The University of Sheffield Medical School, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Olivier Devuyst
- Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Division of Nephrology, UCLouvain Medical School, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Philip Kam-Tao Li
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, China
- CUHK Carol and Richard Yu Peritoneal Dialysis Research Centre, Hong Kong, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Nejabat M, Hadizadeh F, Nejabat M, Rajabi O. Novel hits for autosomal dominated polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) targeting derived by in silico screening on ZINC-15 natural product database. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024; 42:885-902. [PMID: 37029756 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2196700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023]
Abstract
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is the most common genetic kidney disorder that leads to growth cysts in the kidney, ultimately resulting in loss of function. Currently, no effective drug therapy can be safely used in the clinic. So, looking for effective therapeutic drugs is urgent for treating ADPKD. Our natural product library was prepared based on the ZINC-15 database. Lipinski's rule of five, drug-likeness, and toxicity screening of the designed library were evaluated. Swiss model online server was used for modeling of GANAB target. Finally, docking-based screening against ADPKD targets was done by MOE 2019 software. The top 14 favorable druglike and non-toxic hits were selected for docking studies. Our results showed that compound-10 (ZINC 6073947) as a sesquiterpene coumarin had more negative binding interaction into the active site of PPARG, OXSR1, GANAB, AVPR2, and PC2 with docking scores of -8.22, -7.52, -6.98, -6.61 and -6.05 kcal/mol, respectively, in comparison to Curcumin, as a natural product that is now in phase 4 clinical trial in ADPKD disease, with an affinity of -8.03, -6.42, -6.82, -5.84 and -5.10 kcal/mol, respectively. Furthermore, seven sesquiterpene coumarins similar to compound 10 were generated and docked. Farnesiferol B (16), compared to compound-10, showed binding affinity of -8.16, -6.4, -7.46, -6.92, and -6.11 kcal/mol against the above targets, respectively. Molecular dynamics, which was done on the compound-10 and 16 (Farnesiferol B) in complex with PPARG, GANAB, and AVPR2, showed more negative binding free-energy than Pioglitazone, Miglitol, and Tolvaptan as FDA-approved drugs for each target, respectively.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mojgan Nejabat
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Farzin Hadizadeh
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Masoud Nejabat
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Omid Rajabi
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Food Control, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Schumann A, Schultheiss UT, Ferreira CR, Blau N. Clinical and biochemical footprints of inherited metabolic diseases. XIV. Metabolic kidney diseases. Mol Genet Metab 2023; 140:107683. [PMID: 37597335 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2023.107683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023]
Abstract
Kidney disease is a global health burden with high morbidity and mortality. Causes of kidney disease are numerous, extending from common disease groups like diabetes and arterial hypertension to rare conditions including inherited metabolic diseases (IMDs). Given its unique anatomy and function, the kidney is a target organ in about 10% of known IMDs, emphasizing the relevant contribution of IMDs to kidney disease. The pattern of injury affects all segments of the nephron including glomerular disease, proximal and distal tubular damage, kidney cyst formation, built-up of nephrocalcinosis and stones as well as severe malformations. We revised and updated the list of known metabolic etiologies associated with kidney involvement and found 190 relevant IMDs. This represents the 14th of a series of educational articles providing a comprehensive and revised list of metabolic differential diagnoses according to system involvement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anke Schumann
- Department of General Paediatrics, Adolescent Medicine and Neonatology, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Ulla T Schultheiss
- Department of Medicine IV, Nephrology and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Carlos R Ferreira
- National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, USA.
| | - Nenad Blau
- Division of Metabolism, University Children's Hospital, Zürich, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Boerrigter MM, Duijzer R, te Morsche RHM, Drenth JPH. Heterozygosity of ALG9 in Association with Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Liver Disease. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1755. [PMID: 37761895 PMCID: PMC10530326 DOI: 10.3390/genes14091755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
α-1,2-mannosyltransferase (ALG9) germline variants are linked to autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). Many individuals affected with ADPKD possess polycystic livers as a common extrarenal manifestation. We performed whole exome sequencing in a female with autosomal dominant polycystic liver disease (ADPLD) without kidney cysts and established the presence of a heterozygous missense variant (c.677G>C p.(Gly226Ala)) in ALG9. In silico pathogenicity prediction and 3D protein modeling determined this variant as pathogenic. Loss of heterozygosity is regularly seen in liver cyst walls. Immunohistochemistry indicated the absence of ALG9 in liver tissue from this patient. ALG9 expression was absent in cyst wall lining from ALG9- and PRKCSH-caused ADPLD patients but present in the liver cyst lining derived from an ADPKD patient with a PKD2 variant. Thus, heterozygous pathogenic variants in ALG9 are also associated with ADPLD. Somatic loss of heterozygosity of the ALG9 enzyme was seen in the ALG9 patient but also in ADPLD patients with a different genetic background. This expanded the phenotypic spectrum of ADPLD to ALG9.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melissa M. Boerrigter
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Research Institute for Medical Innovation, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Renée Duijzer
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Research Institute for Medical Innovation, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- European Reference Network RARE-LIVER, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - René H. M. te Morsche
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Research Institute for Medical Innovation, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Joost P. H. Drenth
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Research Institute for Medical Innovation, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- European Reference Network RARE-LIVER, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Boerrigter MM, te Morsche RHM, Venselaar H, Pastoors N, Geerts AM, Hoorens A, Drenth JPH. Novel α-1,3-Glucosyltransferase Variants and Their Broad Clinical Polycystic Liver Disease Spectrum. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1652. [PMID: 37628703 PMCID: PMC10454741 DOI: 10.3390/genes14081652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein-truncating variants in α-1,3-glucosyltransferase (ALG8) are a risk factor for a mild cystic kidney disease phenotype. The association between these variants and liver cysts is limited. We aim to identify pathogenic ALG8 variants in our cohort of autosomal dominant polycystic liver disease (ADPLD) individuals. In order to fine-map the phenotypical spectrum of pathogenic ALG8 variant carriers, we performed targeted ALG8 screening in 478 ADPLD singletons, and exome sequencing in 48 singletons and 4 patients from two large ADPLD families. Eight novel and one previously reported pathogenic variant in ALG8 were discovered in sixteen patients. The ALG8 clinical phenotype ranges from mild to severe polycystic liver disease, and from innumerable small to multiple large hepatic cysts. The presence of <5 renal cysts that do not affect renal function is common in this population. Three-dimensional homology modeling demonstrated that six variants cause a truncated ALG8 protein with abnormal functioning, and one variant is predicted to destabilize ALG8. For the seventh variant, immunostaining of the liver tissue showed a complete loss of ALG8 in the cystic cells. ALG8-associated ADPLD has a broad clinical spectrum, including the possibility of developing a small number of renal cysts. This broadens the ADPLD genotype-phenotype spectrum and narrows the gap between liver-specific ADPLD and kidney-specific ADPKD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melissa M. Boerrigter
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Research Institute for Medical Innovation, Radboud University Medical Center, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - René H. M. te Morsche
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Research Institute for Medical Innovation, Radboud University Medical Center, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Hanka Venselaar
- Center for Molecular and Biomolecular Informatics, Research Institute for Medical Innovation, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Nikki Pastoors
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Research Institute for Medical Innovation, Radboud University Medical Center, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Anja M. Geerts
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Anne Hoorens
- Department of Pathology, Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Joost P. H. Drenth
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Research Institute for Medical Innovation, Radboud University Medical Center, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Nigro E, Amicone M, D'Arco D, Sellitti G, De Marco O, Guarino M, Riccio E, Pisani A, Daniele A. Molecular Diagnosis and Identification of Novel Pathogenic Variants in a Large Cohort of Italian Patients Affected by Polycystic Kidney Diseases. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1236. [PMID: 37372416 DOI: 10.3390/genes14061236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Polycystic Kidney Diseases (PKDs) consist of a genetically and phenotypically heterogeneous group of inherited disorders characterized by numerous renal cysts. PKDs include autosomal dominant ADPKD, autosomal recessive ARPKD and atypical forms. Here, we analyzed 255 Italian patients using an NGS panel of 63 genes, plus Sanger sequencing of exon 1 of the PKD1 gene and MPLA (PKD1, PKD2 and PKHD1) analysis. Overall, 167 patients bore pathogenic/likely pathogenic variants in dominant genes, and 5 patients in recessive genes. Four patients were carriers of one pathogenic/likely pathogenic recessive variant. A total of 24 patients had a VUS variant in dominant genes, 8 patients in recessive genes and 15 patients were carriers of one VUS variant in recessive genes. Finally, in 32 patients we could not reveal any variant. Regarding the global diagnostic status, 69% of total patients bore pathogenic/likely pathogenic variants, 18.4% VUS variants and in 12.6% of patients we could not find any. PKD1 and PKD2 resulted to be the most mutated genes; additional genes were UMOD and GANAB. Among recessive genes, PKHD1 was the most mutated gene. An analysis of eGFR values showed that patients with truncating variants had a more severe phenotype. In conclusion, our study confirmed the high degree of genetic complexity at the basis of PKDs and highlighted the crucial role of molecular characterization in patients with suspicious clinical diagnosis. An accurate and early molecular diagnosis is essential to adopt the appropriate therapeutic protocol and represents a predictive factor for family members.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ersilia Nigro
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate Scarl "Franco Salvatore", Via G. Salvatore 486, 80145 Napoli, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche, Università della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Maria Amicone
- Unità di Nefrologia, Dipartimento di Sanità Pubblica, Università di Napoli "Federico II", Via Pansini 5, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Daniela D'Arco
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate Scarl "Franco Salvatore", Via G. Salvatore 486, 80145 Napoli, Italy
| | - Gina Sellitti
- Unità di Nefrologia, Dipartimento di Sanità Pubblica, Università di Napoli "Federico II", Via Pansini 5, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Oriana De Marco
- Unità di Nefrologia, Dipartimento di Sanità Pubblica, Università di Napoli "Federico II", Via Pansini 5, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Maria Guarino
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II", Via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Eleonora Riccio
- Unità di Nefrologia, Dipartimento di Sanità Pubblica, Università di Napoli "Federico II", Via Pansini 5, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Antonio Pisani
- Unità di Nefrologia, Dipartimento di Sanità Pubblica, Università di Napoli "Federico II", Via Pansini 5, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Aurora Daniele
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate Scarl "Franco Salvatore", Via G. Salvatore 486, 80145 Napoli, Italy
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi "Federico II", Via Pansini 5, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Schlevogt B, Schlieper V, Krader J, Schröter R, Wagner T, Weiand M, Zibert A, Schmidt HH, Bergmann C, Nedvetsky PI, Krahn MP. A SEC61A1 variant is associated with autosomal dominant polycystic liver disease. Liver Int 2023; 43:401-412. [PMID: 36478640 DOI: 10.1111/liv.15493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Autosomal dominant polycystic liver and kidney disease is a spectrum of hereditary diseases, which display disturbed function of primary cilia leading to cyst formation. In autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease a genetic cause can be determined in almost all cases. However, in isolated polycystic liver disease (PLD) about half of all cases remain genetically unsolved, suggesting more, so far unidentified genes to be implicated in this disease. METHODS Customized next-generation sequencing was used to identify the underlying pathogenesis in two related patients with PLD. A variant identified in SEC61A1 was further analysed in immortalized patients' urine sediment cells and in an epithelial cell model. RESULTS In both patients, a heterozygous missense change (c.706C>T/p.Arg236Cys) was found in SEC61A1, which encodes for a subunit of the translocation machinery of protein biosynthesis at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). While kidney disease is absent in the proposita, her mother displays an atypical polycystic kidney phenotype with severe renal failure. In immortalized urine sediment cells, mutant SEC61A1 is expressed at reduced levels, resulting in decreased levels of polycystin-2 (PC2). In an epithelial cell culture model, we found the proteasomal degradation of mutant SEC61A1 to be increased, whereas its localization to the ER is not affected. CONCLUSIONS Our data expand the allelic and clinical spectrum for SEC61A1, adding PLD as a new and the major phenotypic trait in the family described. We further demonstrate that mutant SEC61A1 results in enhanced proteasomal degradation and impaired biosynthesis of PC2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bernhard Schlevogt
- Department of Medicine B, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Vincent Schlieper
- Department of Medicine D, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Jana Krader
- Department of Medicine D, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Rita Schröter
- Department of Medicine D, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Thomas Wagner
- Department of Medicine D, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Matthias Weiand
- Department of Medicine B, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Andree Zibert
- Department of Medicine B, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Hartmut H Schmidt
- Department of Medicine B, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany.,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Carsten Bergmann
- Department of Medicine IV, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Medizinische Genetik Mainz, Limbach Genetics, Mainz, Germany
| | - Pavel I Nedvetsky
- Department of Medicine D, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Michael P Krahn
- Department of Medicine D, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Wu R, Bai B, Li F, Bai R, Zhuo Y, Zhu Z, Jia R, Li S, Chen Y, Lan X. Phenotypes and genetic etiology of spontaneous polycystic kidney and liver disease in cynomolgus monkey. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1106016. [PMID: 36876010 PMCID: PMC9978152 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1106016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Polycystic kidney disease (PKD) is a common autosomal dominant or recessive genetic disease, often accompanied by polycystic liver disease (PLD). Many cases of PKD in animals have been reported. However, little is known about the genes that cause PKD in animals. Methods In this study, we evaluated the clinical phenotypes of PKD in two spontaneously aged cynomolgus monkeys and explored the genetic etiology using whole-genome sequencing (WGS). Ultrasonic and histological consequences were further investigated in PKD- and PLD-affected monkeys. Results The results indicated that the kidneys of the two monkeys had varying degrees of cystic changes, and the renal cortex was thinned and accompanied by fluid accumulation. As for hepatopathy, inflammatory cell infiltration, cystic effusion, steatosis of hepatocytes, and pseudo-lobular were found. Based on WGS results, the variants of PKD1:(XM_015442355: c.1144G>C p. E382Q) and GANAB: (NM_001285075.1: c.2708T>C/p. V903A) are predicted to be likely pathogenic heterozygous mutations in PKD- and PLD-affected monkeys. Discussion Our study suggests that the cynomolgus monkey PKD and PLD phenotypes are very similar to those in humans, and are probably caused by pathogenic genes homologous to humans. The results indicate that cynomolgus monkeys can be used as the most appropriate animal model for human PKD pathogenesis research and therapeutic drug screening.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruo Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research and Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China.,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Kunming, China
| | - Bing Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research and Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China.,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Kunming, China
| | - Feng Li
- Kunming Biomed International, Kunming, China
| | - Raoxian Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research and Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China.,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Kunming, China
| | - Yan Zhuo
- State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research and Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China.,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Kunming, China
| | - Zhengna Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research and Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China.,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Kunming, China
| | - Rongfang Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research and Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China.,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Kunming, China
| | - Shangang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research and Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China.,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Kunming, China
| | - Yongchang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research and Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China.,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Kunming, China
| | - Xiaoping Lan
- Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, Shanghai Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Genetics, pathobiology and therapeutic opportunities of polycystic liver disease. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2022; 19:585-604. [PMID: 35562534 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-022-00617-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Polycystic liver diseases (PLDs) are inherited genetic disorders characterized by progressive development of intrahepatic, fluid-filled biliary cysts (more than ten), which constitute the main cause of morbidity and markedly affect the quality of life. Liver cysts arise in patients with autosomal dominant PLD (ADPLD) or in co-occurrence with renal cysts in patients with autosomal dominant or autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD and ARPKD, respectively). Hepatic cystogenesis is a heterogeneous process, with several risk factors increasing the odds of developing larger cysts. Depending on the causative gene, PLDs can arise exclusively in the liver or in parallel with renal cysts. Current therapeutic strategies, mainly based on surgical procedures and/or chronic administration of somatostatin analogues, show modest benefits, with liver transplantation as the only potentially curative option. Increasing research has shed light on the genetic landscape of PLDs and consequent cholangiocyte abnormalities, which can pave the way for discovering new targets for therapy and the design of novel potential treatments for patients. Herein, we provide a critical and comprehensive overview of the latest advances in the field of PLDs, mainly focusing on genetics, pathobiology, risk factors and next-generation therapeutic strategies, highlighting future directions in basic, translational and clinical research.
Collapse
|
11
|
Yu Z, Shen X, Hu C, Zeng J, Wang A, Chen J. Molecular Mechanisms of Isolated Polycystic Liver Diseases. Front Genet 2022; 13:846877. [PMID: 35571028 PMCID: PMC9104337 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.846877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Polycystic liver disease (PLD) is a rare autosomal dominant disorder including two genetically and clinically distinct forms: autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) and isolated polycystic liver disease (PCLD). The main manifestation of ADPKD is kidney cysts, while PCLD has predominantly liver presentations with mild or absent kidney cysts. Over the past decade, PRKCSH, SEC63, ALG8, and LRP5 have been candidate genes of PCLD. Recently, more candidate genes such as GANAB, SEC61B, and ALR9 were also reported in PCLD patients. This review focused on all candidate genes of PCLD, including the newly established novel candidate genes. In addition, we also discussed some other genes which might also contribute to the disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ziqi Yu
- Munich Medical Research School, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Xiang Shen
- Munich Medical Research School, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Chong Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, Nanchang, China
| | - Jun Zeng
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, Nanchang, China
| | - Aiyao Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, Nanchang, China
| | - Jianyong Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, Nanchang, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Boerrigter MM, Bongers EMHF, Lugtenberg D, Nevens F, Drenth JPH. Polycystic liver disease genes: Practical considerations for genetic testing. Eur J Med Genet 2021; 64:104160. [PMID: 33556586 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2021.104160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The development of a polycystic liver is a characteristic of the monogenic disorders: autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD), autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD), and autosomal dominant polycystic liver disease (ADPLD). Respectively two and one genes mainly cause ADPKD and ARPKD. In contrast, ADPLD is caused by at least six different genes which combined do not even explain the disease development in over half of the ADPLD population. Genetic testing is mainly performed to confirm the likelihood of developing PKD and if renal therapy is essential. However, pure ADPLD patients are frequently not genetically screened as knowledge about the genotype-phenotype correlation is currently limited. This paper will clarify the essence of genetic testing in ADPLD patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melissa M Boerrigter
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Ernie M H F Bongers
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Dorien Lugtenberg
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Frederik Nevens
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospitals KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Joost P H Drenth
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|