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Lee N, Pigott TD, Watson A, Reuben K, O'Hara K, Massetti G, Fang X, Self-Brown S. Childhood Polyvictimization and Associated Health Outcomes: A Systematic Scoping Review. TRAUMA, VIOLENCE & ABUSE 2023; 24:1579-1592. [PMID: 35220817 DOI: 10.1177/15248380211073847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Background: Polyvictimization, the experience of multiple types of victimization, is associated with detrimental health outcomes. Despite extensive research on the health consequences of polyvictimization, one challenge in understanding this literature lies in the varied operationalized definitions of polyvictimization and health outcomes. This scoping review provides the volume of the current literature on this topic, documents the varied constructs of polyvictimization and associated health outcomes, identifies knowledge gaps, and guides future research directions. Method: A systematic search of English-language original articles that presented quantitative associations of childhood polyvictimization and health outcomes was performed through six-database searches, a gray literature search, and citation mining from June 2020 to January 2021. The varied constructs of polyvictimization, health outcomes, and other study characteristics were extracted. Results: A total of 96 studies were included. Two ways of creating continuous variables (30.21%) and four ways of constructing categorical variables (72.92%) were identified for operationalizing polyvictimization. The majority of health outcomes were mental, behavioral, or social (96.88%), while slightly more than 10% of studies examined physical health (11.46%) or general health conditions (10.42%), respectively. More than half of studies used U.S. samples (56.25%). Conclusions: The varied constructs of polyvictimization suggests that there is a need to establish a valid polyvictimization construct that is consistently agreed upon in the research community. Findings summarize the specific health outcomes that can be targeted for further investigation and prevention efforts. Findings also suggest that the study of resilience and coping education for childhood polyvictims is sorely needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- NaeHyung Lee
- School of Public Health, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Center for Research on Interpersonal Violence, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Terri Deocampo Pigott
- School of Public Health, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- College of Education & Human Development, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Ashley Watson
- School of Public Health, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Center for Research on Interpersonal Violence, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Katherine Reuben
- School of Public Health, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Center for Research on Interpersonal Violence, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Kathryn O'Hara
- School of Public Health, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Center for Research on Interpersonal Violence, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Greta Massetti
- School of Public Health, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Xiangming Fang
- School of Public Health, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Center for Research on Interpersonal Violence, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Shannon Self-Brown
- School of Public Health, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Center for Research on Interpersonal Violence, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Nguyen TTP, Nguyen TT, Dam VTA, Vu TTM, Do HT, Vu GT, Tran AQ, Latkin CA, Hall BJ, Ho RCM, Ho CSH. Mental wellbeing among urban young adults in a developing country: A Latent Profile Analysis. Front Psychol 2022; 13:834957. [PMID: 36118453 PMCID: PMC9480491 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.834957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction This study aimed to explore the mental wellbeing profiles and their related factors among urban young adults in Vietnam. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in Hanoi, which is the capital of Vietnam. There were 356 Vietnamese who completed the Mental Health Inventory-5 (MHI-5) questionnaire. The Latent Profile Analysis (LPA) was used to identify the subgroups of mental wellbeing through five items of the MHI-5 scale as the continuous variable. Multinomial logistic regression was used to determine factors related to subgroups. Results Three classes represented three levels of MHI-5 score, which included “Poor mental health,” “Fair mental health,” and “Good mental health,” were, respectively, 14.3, 46.6, and 39.0%. Compared to a low household economy, participants with an average household economy had 2.11 and 4.79 times higher odds of being in a good mental health class relative to fair and poor mental health classes. Respondents with more than two acute symptoms had 3.85 times higher odds of being in a good mental health class relative to a poor mental health class, as compared to those without acute symptoms. Regarding the measurement of the Perceived Social Support Scale (MSPSS), people having support from their family had 1.80 and 2.23 times higher odds of being in classes of fair and good mental health relative to the poor mental health class; and participants having friend support also had 1.87 times higher odds of being in a good mental health class compared with the fair mental health class, as the MSPSS score increased by 1 unit. People with Rosenberg’s self-esteem scale increased by 1 score, those who had 1.17, 1.26, and 1.47 times higher odds of being in a good compared to fair mental health class, fair compared to poor mental health class, and good compared to poor mental health class, respectively. Conclusion Our findings were given to promote a new classification method for mental health screening among the general population. The current findings could be used as evidence to develop policies and plans that focus on encouraging early screening for mental health problems among the general young population in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thao Thi Phuong Nguyen
- Institute for Global Health Innovations, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam
- *Correspondence: Thao Thi Phuong Nguyen,
| | - Tham Thi Nguyen
- Institute for Global Health Innovations, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam
| | - Vu Trong Anh Dam
- Institute for Global Health Innovations, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam
| | | | - Hoa Thi Do
- Institute of Health Economics and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Giang Thu Vu
- Center of Excellence in Evidence-Based Medicine, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Anh Quynh Tran
- Institute for Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Carl A. Latkin
- Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Brian J. Hall
- Global and Community Mental Health Research Group, New York University (Shanghai), Shanghai, China
- Institute for Health Innovation and Technology (iHealthtech), National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Roger C. M. Ho
- Institute for Health Innovation and Technology (iHealthtech), National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Cyrus S. H. Ho
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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Validation of the Behavioral Anger Response Questionnaire for Children (BARQ-C) in a large community sample of Vietnamese middle adolescents in Hanoi. BMC Psychol 2022; 10:199. [PMID: 35962423 PMCID: PMC9373281 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-022-00907-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression and other forms of psychological distress are common among Vietnamese adolescents and increase the risk of mental health problems in adulthood. As anger coping is a robust predictor of adolescent mental health difficulties, and there appear to be cultural variations in anger coping, a measure of adolescent anger coping styles that has been validated using a non-Western adolescent sample is required to inform and support early intervention to prevent or treat mental health difficulties in Vietnamese adolescents. This study examined the construct validity (structural and external) of the Behavioral Anger Response Questionnaire for Children in Vietnam (BARQC-V). METHODS Baseline data sourced from a recent randomised control trial conducted with Grade 10 Vietnamese adolescents aged 14 to 16 (N = 1084) were used to examine multiple aspects of construct validity: factorial structure (evaluated using factor analysis); internal consistency (tested using Cronbach's alpha coefficient); and external aspect (assessed using Pearson's correlation coefficients between the BARQC-V and Vietnamese translations of the Coping Self-Efficacy Scale, Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale Revised, Mental Health Continuum Short Form, and the Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale). RESULTS Evaluating factorial structure using confirmatory factor analysis failed to converge on a solution. Exploratory factor analysis yielded a 5-factor structure model that explained 49.32% of the BARQC-V's total variance and was deemed to be a good fit by the final confirmatory factor analysis. Cronbach's alpha coefficients of the 5 factors demonstrated acceptable internal reliability for the BARQC-V's sub-scales. Concerning concurrent validity, three sub-scales predicted well-being and mental health difficulties: the maladaptive anger coping styles Rumination and Direct Anger-out were positively associated with depression and distress, and negatively associated with coping self-efficacy and mental well-being; and the adaptive anger coping style Assertion was positively associated with coping self-efficacy and mental well-being, and negatively associated with depression. CONCLUSIONS The BARQC-V provides a validated measure of three anger coping strategies used by adolescents in Vietnam (Rumination, Direct Anger-out, and Assertion) that can be used to improve detection and treatment of mental health difficulties in this population, and as a starting point by future research to develop a much-needed gold standard measure of anger coping for adults, adolescents and children world-wide.
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Kassing F, Casanova T, Griffin JA, Wood E, Stepleman LM. The Effects of Polyvictimization on Mental and Physical Health Outcomes in an LGBTQ Sample. J Trauma Stress 2021; 34:161-171. [PMID: 33269807 DOI: 10.1002/jts.22579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer/questioning (LGBTQ) individuals are at elevated risk for violent victimization and often experience increased health disparities compared to their non-LGBTQ counterparts. The present study examined associations between polyvictimization and mental and physical health in an LGBTQ sample. Participants included 385 LGBTQ individuals involved in a larger health-needs assessment of LGBTQ individuals living in the southeastern United States. The sample primarily identified as gay/lesbian (63.4%), cisgender (78.7%), and White (66.5%), and the mean participant age was 34.82 years (SD = 13.45). A latent class analysis (LCA) was conducted on seven items assessing different types of violence exposure. The LCA identified a three-class model, with classes characterized by low trauma exposure (71.4%), nondiscriminatory violence (15.1%), and high trauma exposure (13.5%). Differences in demographic characteristics, perceptions of mental and physical health, and diagnoses of specific health conditions were assessed across classes. The high-trauma class reported poorer perceived physical and mental health compared to the other two classes, with mean differences in past-month poor health days ranging from 11.38 to 17.37. There were no differences between the classes regarding specific physical health conditions; however, the high-trauma and nondiscriminatory violence classes had significantly higher rates of anxiety, depression, drug abuse, and suicidality than the low-trauma class, ORs = 2.39-23.83. The present findings suggest that polyvictimization is an important risk factor for poor health among LGBTQ individuals. These results have implications for addressing health disparities among the broader LGBTQ community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Kassing
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine/Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Tracy Casanova
- Department of Psychiatry and Health Behavior, Augusta University/Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - James A Griffin
- LGBT Health Resource Center, Chase Brexton Health Services, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Elizabeth Wood
- Department of Psychiatry and Health Behavior, Augusta University/Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Lara M Stepleman
- Department of Psychiatry and Health Behavior, Augusta University/Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, Georgia, USA
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Pengpid S, Peltzer K. Associations of number of victimizations with mental health indicators and health-risk behaviours among a nationally representative sample of in-school adolescents in Curaçao. CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT 2021; 111:104831. [PMID: 33278732 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2020.104831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The study aimed to estimate the association of experiencing a higher number of victimizations with mental health and health-risk behaviours among adolescents in the 2015 Curaçao Global School-Based Student Health Survey (GSHS). METHODS In all, 2,765 in-school adolescents with a median age of 15 years from Curaçao responded to the cross-sectional GSHS. RESULTS Results indicate that from six forms of victimization (bullied, parental physical victimization, physically attacked, physical intimate partner violence victimization, forced sex and violent injury) assessed, 29.6 % reported one type of victimization, 11.3 % two types and 4.9 % three or more types of victimization. In adjusted logistic regression analyses, PV was associated with four poor mental health indicators (worry-induced sleep disturbance, suicidal ideation, loneliness, and suicide attempt) and eleven health-risk behaviours (current tobacco use, current alcohol use, current cannabis use, early sexual debut, sex among students who were drunk, multiple sexual partners, non-condom use at last sex, school truancy, carrying a weapon, short sleep and skipping breakfast). CONCLUSION Almost one in six students reported poly-victimization (≥2 types). Higher frequency of victimization was positively associated with four poor mental health indicators and eleven health-risk behaviours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supa Pengpid
- ASEAN Institute for Health Development, Mahidol University, Salaya, Phutthamonthon, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand; Department of Research Administration and Development, University of Limpopo, Turfloop, South Africa
| | - Karl Peltzer
- Department for Management of Science and Technology Development, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam; Faculty of Pharmacy, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam.
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Tran T, Nguyen HT, Shochet I, Wurfl A, Orr J, Nguyen N, La N, Nguyen H, Stocker R, Nguyen T, Le M, Fisher J. School-based, two-arm, parallel, controlled trial of a culturally adapted resilience intervention to improve adolescent mental health in Vietnam: study protocol. BMJ Open 2020; 10:e039343. [PMID: 33067293 PMCID: PMC7574926 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-039343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The Resourceful Adolescent Program (RAP) is an evidence-based resilience intervention for adolescents. Operating in a strength-focused paradigm, the programme uses an integration of cognitive behavioural therapy and interpersonal psychotherapy to improve coping skills and build resilience. This study aims to establish whether a culturally and linguistically adapted intervention informed by RAP principles is effective in increasing resilience, enhancing coping skills and preventing symptoms of depression and anxiety. METHODS AND ANALYSIS We will translate, back-translate and culturally adapt the RAP for adolescents and training materials for facilitators, and the adapted intervention will be called Happy House. A two-arm parallel controlled trial will be conducted in eight high schools in the north of Vietnam. In each of the selected schools, all students from four randomly selected grade 10 classes (an estimation of about 1204 students) will be invited to participate. The control group will receive the usual curriculum. The intervention group will receive six weekly 90 min school-based group sessions of Happy House in addition to the usual curriculum. The primary outcome, depressive symptoms, will be measured using a locally validated version of the Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale Revised. Secondary outcomes are mental well-being, coping self-efficacy, school connectedness, anger management and health risk behaviours. Data will be collected at recruitment, and at two weeks and six months post intervention. Mixed-effect logistic regression for the main outcome and mixed-effect linear and logistic regression models for the secondary outcomes will be conducted to estimate the effects of the intervention on the outcomes. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION This trial has been approved by Monash University Human Research Ethics Committee (No. 21455) and the Institutional Review Board of the Hanoi School of Public Health (488/2019/YTCC-HD3). Dissemination of findings will include peer-reviewed publications, international and national conferences, seminar and media presentations, national policy briefings in Vietnam, local language reports and lay language summaries for participants. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBERS Registered with the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry, registration number: ACTRN12620000088943 (3/2/2020).WHO Universal Trial Number: U1111-1246-4079.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thach Tran
- Global and Women's Health, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Huong Thanh Nguyen
- Department of Health Education, Faculty of Social Science, Behavior and Health Education, Hanoi University of Public Health, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Ian Shochet
- School of Psychology and Counselling, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Astrid Wurfl
- School of Psychology and Counselling, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jayne Orr
- School of Psychology and Counselling, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Nga Nguyen
- Department of Health Education, Faculty of Social Science, Behavior and Health Education, Hanoi University of Public Health, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Nga La
- Department of Health Education, Faculty of Social Science, Behavior and Health Education, Hanoi University of Public Health, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Hau Nguyen
- Global and Women's Health, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ruby Stocker
- Global and Women's Health, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Trang Nguyen
- Global and Women's Health, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Minh Le
- Global and Women's Health, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jane Fisher
- Global and Women's Health, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Role of School Health Officers in Mental Health Care for Secondary School Students in Can Tho City, Vietnam. SCHOOL MENTAL HEALTH 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s12310-020-09386-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe objectives of the study were to explore the experiences of school health officers in identifying and managing mental health problems of secondary school students and to gather recommendations from the school officers for improving the effectiveness of mental health care in secondary schools in Can Tho City, Vietnam. We conducted a qualitative study based on in-depth interviews using a semi-structured guideline with 15 school health officers at 15 secondary schools in Can Tho City, Vietnam. Data were analyzed using content-driven analysis to identify recurring themes. The school health officers reported that stress, depression, suicidal ideation, and sexual orientation issues were the most commonly encountered mental health problems among their students. The officers worked with a limited range of interventions for helping these students, such as giving non-narcotic analgesics or advising students to take a short break at school or to go home. Most of them felt that their training was insufficient to deal with mental health problems in an optimal way. They recommended further training to improve their knowledge and skills in recognizing and managing mental health problems in students. They also considered a university-sponsored mental health website a good source of information on mental health care for students. School health officers reported that they did not feel well equipped to manage mental health problems because of insufficient training, lack confidence, and absence of an appropriate network for advice and referral. Updated policies and programs are needed for initial training and refresher courses, which will strengthen the role of school health officers as first line support for secondary school students with mental health problems.
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La TTT, Dinh HVT, Phan MHT, Do LHT, Nguyen PHT, Nguyen QAN. Mental health among Vietnamese urban late adolescents: The association of parenting styles. Health Psychol Open 2020; 7:2055102920948738. [PMID: 35186310 PMCID: PMC8851146 DOI: 10.1177/2055102920948738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to explore the correlation between parental styles and
mental problems among Vietnamese high school students. In total, 16.4 percent of
757 eligible participants reported mental difficulties. Findings showed that
being female and in grade 12 were risk factors to mental problems while living
in Hue city was likely as a protective factor. The father’s warmth reduced the
risk of having mental problems among adolescents, while an overprotective mother
increased the risk. There was no correlation between authoritarianism of both
mother and father and mental difficulties. These results suggest that a
parenting program for parents might reduce the risk of mental problems among
Vietnamese youth.
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Maina BW, Orindi BO, Osindo J, Ziraba AK. Depressive symptoms as predictors of sexual experiences among very young adolescent girls in slum communities in Nairobi, Kenya. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADOLESCENCE AND YOUTH 2020; 25:836-848. [PMID: 32537261 PMCID: PMC7254498 DOI: 10.1080/02673843.2020.1756861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Mental health issues are a predisposing factor for HIV acquisition. We examined the association between depressive symptoms and patterns of sexual experience among girls aged 10–14 years living in Korogocho and Viwandani slums in Nairobi, Kenya. We analysed data collected in 2017 from a random sample of 606 girls. Using Latent Class Analysis, we modelled patterns of sexual experiences and used multivariable regression analysis to determine the association between self-reported depressive symptoms and sexual experiences. Seven in ten girls reported at least one symptom of self-reported depression in the past 12 months. About 13% of girls had had a sexual experience, resulting in two patterns of sexual experience – naïve and experienced. Girls reporting depressive symptoms were more likely to be sexually experienced. Sexual and reproductive health programs targeting adolescent girls should consider including intervention packages that address mental health conditions such as depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice W Maina
- African Population and Health Research Center, Nairobi, Kenya.,School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Benedict O Orindi
- African Population and Health Research Center, Nairobi, Kenya.,Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leuven Biostatistics and Statistical Bioinformatics Centre, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jane Osindo
- African Population and Health Research Center, Nairobi, Kenya
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Mental Health Literacy and Help-Seeking Preferences in High School Students in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. SCHOOL MENTAL HEALTH 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s12310-019-09358-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Le HTH, Tran N, Campbell MA, Gatton ML, Nguyen HT, Dunne MP. Mental health problems both precede and follow bullying among adolescents and the effects differ by gender: a cross-lagged panel analysis of school-based longitudinal data in Vietnam. Int J Ment Health Syst 2019; 13:35. [PMID: 31131020 PMCID: PMC6525446 DOI: 10.1186/s13033-019-0291-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The significant psychosocial harms from bullying among adolescents create major challenges for mental health promotion programs and services in schools. While the negative consequences of bullying victimisation are well known, to date there is scarce empirical analysis of inverse associations, in which mental health problems make children more vulnerable to bullying victimisation and perpetration. Based on a short-term longitudinal study among adolescents in Vietnam, this study examined reciprocal associations between children's depressive symptoms, psychological distress, suicidal ideation and bullying victimisation experiences (i.e., victims or bully-victims). METHODS Secondary and high school students (n = 1167; age range: 11-16 years old; 55% female) in urban areas in northern Vietnam completed two self-administered questionnaires, 6-months apart in the academic year 2014-2015. Measures estimated bullying victimisation and perpetration in the past 6 months, depressive symptoms, psychological distress, and suicidal ideation. A cross-lagged analysis was performed to test the reciprocal associations. RESULTS About one-third of students in the sample were involved as victims, bullies or bully-victims at both times, with more males than females reporting these experiences. Females reported a higher level of depressive symptoms than males at Time 1 but not at Time 2. After adjusting for outcome variables and other covariates measured at Time 1, nine of 12 cross-lagged associations across three models were statistically significant, with different patterns for females and males. There were reciprocal associations between bullying victimisation and mental health problems. Bullying victimisation was shown as an independent predictor of subsequent mental health problems; in turn, mental health problems preceded students' experience of becoming victims or bully-victims. Females with mental health problems were more likely to be victims; whereas similarly distressed males were vulnerable to both being bullied and being perpetrators. CONCLUSION This study is the first of its kind in Vietnam and in the Southeast Asian region to examine reciprocal associations between bullying victimisation and mental health problems among adolescents. Anti-bullying intervention and prevention programs and school-based mental health promotion programs should be integrated and be sensitive to gender differences in order to maximise their impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ha Thi Hai Le
- Faculty of Social Sciences and Health Education, Hanoi University of Public Health, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Nam Tran
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Children and Families Over the Life Course | Institute for Social Science Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Marilyn A. Campbell
- Faculty of Education, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Michelle L. Gatton
- School of Public Health and Social Work, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Huong Thanh Nguyen
- Faculty of Social Sciences and Health Education, Hanoi University of Public Health, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Michael P. Dunne
- School of Public Health and Social Work, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
- Institute for Community Health Research, Hue University, Hue, Vietnam
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Kron M, Grewal R, Idso J, Prough M, Sundaram C, Klein S, Nida J, Jumbam D, Garringer K. Mental health indicators in APEC. Int J Soc Psychiatry 2019; 65:92-97. [PMID: 30595067 DOI: 10.1177/0020764018819631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The World Economic Forum (2011) concluded that the economic impact of mental illness is the single most important contributor among all non-communicable diseases to loss of productivity. The 21 economies represented by Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) responded to that information with efforts to address mental health as an integral component of economic development. AIM In order to help assess the progress of APEC region compared to other regions of the world, the World Health Organization (WHO) granted us access to a subset of the 2014 Mental Health Atlas database containing health indicators from all 21 APEC economies. METHODS APEC-specific data were extracted using the same format used by WHO in its Mental Health Atlas to compare/contrast data in APEC versus the six WHO regions of the world. RESULTS It was observed that mental health workforces in APEC include a higher number of psychiatrist providers compared with WHO regions. Suicide rates reported in three APEC economies are among the highest in the world. All APEC economies continue their individual and coordinated efforts to support their ' APEC Roadmap to Promote Mental Wellness in a Healthy Asia Pacific (2014-2020)'. CONCLUSION Significant challenges for APEC members exist to coordinate regional efforts to improve mental health due to highly variable income levels, existing health infrastructures and social preferences. The findings in this report may serve as a helpful baseline for measuring success within the APEC region by 2020, the year in which progress in support of economic development will be reassessed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Kron
- 1 Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | | | - John Idso
- 2 Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | | | | | - Scott Klein
- 3 University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA
| | - John Nida
- 3 University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA
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"I feel that life is meaningless": Vietnamese adolescents' experiences of and reflections about interpersonal violence. Glob Ment Health (Camb) 2018; 5:e12. [PMID: 29868232 PMCID: PMC5981651 DOI: 10.1017/gmh.2017.34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Revised: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The experiences of and reflections on interpersonal violence and victimisation among adolescents living in low- and middle-income countries are poorly understood. The aim was to describe Vietnamese adolescents' reflections on their experiences of victimisation. METHOD A self-completed, cross-sectional survey investigating exposure to violence among high school students in Hanoi, Vietnam was conducted during 2013-2014. The last section invited participants to write about any of the matters covered in the questionnaire. Thematic analysis was conducted on these free-text comments. RESULTS A total of 73/76 eligible students participated in the pilot and 1616/1745 in the main survey. Of these, a total of 239 records with free-text comments were analysed. Students described experiences of violence occurring at home, at school and in the community. Experiences of violence led to sadness, loneliness, having extremely negative thoughts about the value of life, and suicidal ideas. Adolescents' experiences occurred in the context of poor parent-adolescent and teacher-student relationships, particularly concerning dissatisfaction with academic performance. Adolescents wanted to be trusted, to be given more autonomy, and to improve their relationships with parents and teachers. CONCLUSIONS Vietnamese adolescents experience various forms of victimisation, which are detrimental to their health and wellbeing. Understanding of their experiences of and perceptions of violence and its impact on their health and wellbeing is important in the prevention of violence against young people in Vietnam.
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Itani T, Fischer F, Kraemer A. Gender moderates the association between polyvictimization and suicidal ideation among adolescents in the United Arab Emirates. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADOLESCENCE AND YOUTH 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/02673843.2017.1377089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Taha Itani
- Department of Public Health Medicine, School of Public Health, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Florian Fischer
- Department of Public Health Medicine, School of Public Health, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Alexander Kraemer
- Department of Public Health Medicine, School of Public Health, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
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