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Cheng YC, Acedera JD, Li YJ, Shieh SY. A keratinocyte-adipocyte signaling loop is reprogrammed by loss of BTG3 to augment skin carcinogenesis. Cell Death Differ 2024; 31:970-982. [PMID: 38714880 PMCID: PMC11303697 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-024-01304-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity is endemic to many developed countries. Overweight or obesity is associated with an increased risk of developing cancer. Dysfunctional adipose tissue alters cancer cell proliferation and migration; however, whether and how neoplastic epithelial cells communicate with adipose tissue and the underlying mechanism are less clear. BTG3 is a member of the anti-proliferative BTG/Tob family and functions as a tumor suppressor. Here, we demonstrated that BTG3 levels are downregulated in basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma compared to normal skin tissue, and Btg3 knockout in mice augmented the development of papilloma in a mouse model of DMBA/TPA-induced skin carcinogenesis. Mechanistically, BTG3-knockout keratinocytes promoted adipocyte differentiation mainly through the release of IL1α, IL10, and CCL4, as a result of elevated NF-κB activity. These adipocytes produced CCL20 and FGF7 in a feedback loop to promote keratinocyte migration. Thus, our findings showcased the role of BTG3 in guarding the interplay between keratinocytes and adjacent adipocytes, and identified the underlying neoplastic molecular mediators that may serve as possible targets in the treatment of skin cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Che Cheng
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jack Dalit Acedera
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Taiwan International Graduate Program in Molecular Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University and Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ju Li
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sheau-Yann Shieh
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Taiwan International Graduate Program in Molecular Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University and Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.
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2
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Adugna A, Muche Y, Melkamu A, Jemal M, Belew H, Amare GA. Current updates on the molecular and genetic signals as diagnostic and therapeutic targets for hepatitis B virus-associated hepatic malignancy. Heliyon 2024; 10:e34288. [PMID: 39100497 PMCID: PMC11295980 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e34288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Liver cancer caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV) is the third most common cancer-related cause of death worldwide. Early detection of HBV-caused hepatic tumors increases the likelihood of a successful cure. Molecular and genetic signals are becoming more and more recognized as possible indicators of HBV-associated hepatic malignancy and of how well a treatment is working. As a result, we have discussed the current literature on molecular and genetic sensors, including extracellular vesicle microRNAs (EV-miRNAs), long non-coding circulating RNAs (lncRNAs), extracellular vesicles (EVs), and cell free circulating DNA (cfDNA), for the diagnosis and forecasting of HBV-related hepatic cancer. Extracellular vesicle microRNAs such as miR-335-5p, miR-172-5p, miR-1285-5p, miR-497-5p, miR-636, miR-187-5p, miR-223-3p, miR-21, miR-324-3p, miR-210-3p, miR-718, miR-122, miR-522, miR-0308-3p, and miR-375 are essential for the posttranscriptional regulation of oncogenes in hepatic cells as well as the epigenetic modulation of many internal and external signaling pathways in HBV-induced hepatic carcinogenesis. LncRNAs like lnc01977, HULC (highly up-regulated in liver cancer), MALAT1 (metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1), and HOTAIR (hox transcript antisense intergenic RNA) have been demonstrated to control hepatic-tumors cell growth, relocation, encroachment, and cell death resiliency. They are also becoming more and more involved in immune tracking, hepatic shifting, vasculature oversight, and genomic destabilization. EVs are critical mediators involved in multiple aspects of liver-tumors like angiogenesis, immunology, tumor formation, and the dissemination of malignant hepatocytes. Furthermore, cfDNA contributes to signals associated with tumors, including mutations and abnormal epigenetic changes during HBV-related hepatic tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adane Adugna
- Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia
| | - Yalew Muche
- Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia
| | - Abateneh Melkamu
- Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia
| | - Mohammed Jemal
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia
| | - Habtamu Belew
- Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia
| | - Gashaw Azanaw Amare
- Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia
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3
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Fekry B, Ugartemendia L, Esnaola NF, Goetzl L. Extracellular Vesicles, Circadian Rhythms, and Cancer: A Comprehensive Review with Emphasis on Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:2552. [PMID: 39061191 PMCID: PMC11274441 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16142552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2024] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
This review comprehensively explores the complex interplay between extracellular vesicles (ECVs)/exosomes and circadian rhythms, with a focus on the role of this interaction in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Exosomes are nanovesicles derived from cells that facilitate intercellular communication by transporting bioactive molecules such as proteins, lipids, and RNA/DNA species. ECVs are implicated in a range of diseases, where they play crucial roles in signaling between cells and their surrounding environment. In the setting of cancer, ECVs are known to influence cancer initiation and progression. The scope of this review extends to all cancer types, synthesizing existing knowledge on the various roles of ECVs. A unique aspect of this review is the emphasis on the circadian-controlled release and composition of exosomes, highlighting their potential as biomarkers for early cancer detection and monitoring metastasis. We also discuss how circadian rhythms affect multiple cancer-related pathways, proposing that disruptions in the circadian clock can alter tumor development and treatment response. Additionally, this review delves into the influence of circadian clock components on ECV biogenesis and their impact on reshaping the tumor microenvironment, a key component driving HCC progression. Finally, we address the potential clinical applications of ECVs, particularly their use as diagnostic tools and drug delivery vehicles, while considering the challenges associated with clinical implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baharan Fekry
- McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (L.U.); (L.G.)
| | - Lierni Ugartemendia
- McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (L.U.); (L.G.)
| | - Nestor F. Esnaola
- Division of Surgical Oncology and Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - Laura Goetzl
- McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (L.U.); (L.G.)
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4
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Cai Q, Yang J, Shen H, Xu W. Cancer-associated adipocytes in the ovarian cancer microenvironment. Am J Cancer Res 2024; 14:3259-3279. [PMID: 39113876 PMCID: PMC11301307 DOI: 10.62347/xzri9189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a critical role in high energy metabolism during tumorigenesis, progression and metastasis. Among them, adipocytes, as an important component of the TME, can transform into cancer-associated adipocytes (CAAs) through dedifferentiation via interactions with tumor cells. These CAAs provide nutrients, growth factors, cytokines and metabolites to the tumor and later transdifferentiate into other stromal cells at a later stage to alter tumor growth, metastasis and the drug response and ultimately influence the treatment and prognosis of ovarian cancer. This review outlines the physiological functions of CAAs and discusses the progress in the use of CAAs as therapeutic targets in ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuling Cai
- Department of Central Laboratory, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Central Laboratory, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huiling Shen
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated People’s Hospital of Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenlin Xu
- Department of Central Laboratory, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
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Sun Z, Xu Y, Shao B, Dang P, Hu S, Sun H, Chen C, Wang C, Liu J, Liu Y, Hu J. Exosomal circPOLQ promotes macrophage M2 polarization via activating IL-10/STAT3 axis in a colorectal cancer model. J Immunother Cancer 2024; 12:e008491. [PMID: 38782541 PMCID: PMC11116870 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2023-008491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accumulating evidence demonstrates that an increased tumor-associated macrophage abundance is often associated with poor prognosis in colorectal cancer (CRC). The mechanism underlying the effect of tumor-derived exosomes on M2 macrophage polarization remains elusive. RESULTS The novel circular RNA circPOLQ exhibited significantly higher expression in CRC tissues than in paired normal tissues. Higher circPOLQ expression was associated with poorer prognosis in patients with CRC. In vitro and in vivo experiments showed that tumor-derived exosomal circPOLQ did not directly regulate CRC cell development but promoted CRC metastatic nodule formation by enhancing M2 macrophage polarization. circPOLQ activated the interleukin-10/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 axis by targeting miR-379-3 p to promote M2 macrophage polarization. CONCLUSION circPOLQ can enter macrophages via CRC cell-derived exosomes and promote CRC metastatic nodule formation by enhancing M2 macrophage polarization. These findings reveal a tumor-derived exosome-mediated tumor-macrophage interaction potentially affecting CRC metastatic nodule formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenqiang Sun
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Henan Institute of Interconnected Intelligent Health Management, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yanxin Xu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Henan Institute of Interconnected Intelligent Health Management, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Bo Shao
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Academy of Medical Sciences, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Pengyuan Dang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Shengyun Hu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Haifeng Sun
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Henan Institute of Interconnected Intelligent Health Management, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Chaoguan Wang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Henan Cancer Hospital Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jinbo Liu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Radiotherapy, Henan Cancer Hospital Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Junhong Hu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Academy of Medical Sciences, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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6
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Huang Q, Zhong X, Li J, Hu R, Yi J, Sun J, Xu Y, Zhou X. Exosomal ncRNAs: Multifunctional contributors to the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment of hepatocellular carcinoma. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 173:116409. [PMID: 38460375 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a malignant liver cancer characterized by aggressive progression, unfavorable prognosis, and an increasing global health burden. Therapies that precisely target immunological checkpoints and immune cells have gained significant attention as possible therapeutics in recent years. In truth, the efficacy of immunotherapy is heavily contingent upon the tumor microenvironment (TME). Recent studies have indicated that exosomes serve as a sophisticated means of communication among biomolecules, executing an essential part in the TME of immune suppression. Exosomal non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) can induce the activation of tumor cells and immunosuppressive immune cells that suppress the immune system, such as cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs), CD+8 T cells, regulatory T cells (Tregs), and regulatory B cells (Bregs). This cell-cell crosstalk triggered by exosomal ncRNAs promotes tumor proliferation and metastasis, angiogenesis, malignant phenotype transformation, and drug resistance. Hence, it is imperative to comprehend how exosomal ncRNAs regulate tumor cells or immune cells within the TME to devise more comprehensive and productive immunotherapy programs. This study discusses the features of exosomal ncRNAs in HCC and how the activation of the exosomes redefines the tumor's immunosuppressive microenvironment, hence facilitating the advancement of HCC. Furthermore, we also explored the potential of exosomal ncRNAs as a viable biological target or natural vehicle for HCC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Huang
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao PR China; Department of Liver Disease, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, PR China; Department of Liver Disease, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, PR China
| | - Xin Zhong
- Department of Liver Disease, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, PR China; Department of Liver Disease, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, PR China
| | - Jing Li
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao PR China; Department of Liver Disease, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, PR China; Department of Liver Disease, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, PR China
| | - Rui Hu
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao PR China; Department of Liver Disease, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, PR China; Department of Liver Disease, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, PR China
| | - Jinyu Yi
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao PR China; Department of Liver Disease, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, PR China; Department of Liver Disease, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, PR China
| | - Jialing Sun
- Department of Liver Disease, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, PR China; Department of Liver Disease, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, PR China
| | - Youhua Xu
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao PR China.
| | - Xiaozhou Zhou
- Department of Liver Disease, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, PR China; Department of Liver Disease, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, PR China.
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Zhang F, Ju J, Diao H, Song J, Bian Y, Yang B. Innovative pharmacotherapy for hepatic metabolic and chronic inflammatory diseases in China. Br J Pharmacol 2024. [PMID: 38514420 DOI: 10.1111/bph.16342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Liver disease constitutes a significant global health concern, particularly in China where it has distinctive characteristics. China grapples with a staggering 300 million cases, predominantly due to hepatitis B and metabolic non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Additionally, hepatocellular carcinoma has become a prevalent which is a lethal type of cancer. Despite the scarcity of innovative treatment options, Chinese hepatologists and researchers have achieved notable breakthroughs in the prevention, diagnosis, management and treatment of liver diseases. Traditional Chinese medicines have found widespread application in the treatment of various liver ailments owing to their commendable pharmacological efficacy and minimal side effects. Furthermore, there is a growing body of research in extracellular vesicles, cell therapy and gene therapy, offering new hope in the fight against liver diseases. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the epidemiological characteristics of liver diseases and the diverse array of treatments that Chinese scholars and scientists have pursued in critical field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology (State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases, the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jiaming Ju
- Department of Pharmacology (State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases, the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Hongtao Diao
- Department of Pharmacology (State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases, the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jinglun Song
- Department of Pharmacology (State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases, the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yu Bian
- Department of Pharmacology (State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases, the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Baofeng Yang
- Department of Pharmacology (State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases, the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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Liu Y, Wu H, Sang Y, Chong W, Shang L, Li L. Research progress of exosomes in the angiogenesis of digestive system tumour. Discov Oncol 2024; 15:33. [PMID: 38341827 PMCID: PMC10859358 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-024-00879-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Malignant tumours of the digestive system cover a wide range of diseases that affect the health of people to a large extent. Angiogenesis is indispensable in the development, and metastasis of tumours, mainly in two ways: occupation or formation. Vessels can provide nutrients, oxygen, and growth factors for tumours to encourage growth and metastasis, so cancer progression depends on simultaneous angiogenesis. Recently, exosomes have been proven to participate in the angiogenesis of tumours. They influence angiogenesis by binding to tyrosine kinase receptors (VEGFR)-1, VEGFR-2, and VEGFR-3 with different affinities, regulating Yap-VEGF pathway, Akt pathway or other signaling pathway. Additionally, exosomes are potential therapeutic vectors that can deliver many types of cargoes to different cells. In this review, we summarize the roles of exosomes in the angiogenesis of digestive system tumours and highlight the clinical application prospects, directly used as targers or delivery vehicles, in antiangiogenic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Liu
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Key Laboratory of Engineering of Shandong Province, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Jinan, 250021, China
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, China
| | - Hao Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Yaodong Sang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Key Laboratory of Engineering of Shandong Province, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Jinan, 250021, China
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, China
| | - Wei Chong
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Key Laboratory of Engineering of Shandong Province, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Jinan, 250021, China.
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, China.
| | - Liang Shang
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China.
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Key Laboratory of Engineering of Shandong Province, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Jinan, 250021, China.
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, China.
| | - Leping Li
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China.
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Key Laboratory of Engineering of Shandong Province, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Jinan, 250021, China.
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, China.
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Feng Y, Hu X, Zhang Y, Wang Y. The Role of Microglia in Brain Metastases: Mechanisms and Strategies. Aging Dis 2024; 15:169-185. [PMID: 37307835 PMCID: PMC10796095 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2023.0514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain metastases and related complications are one of the major fatal factors in cancer. Patients with breast cancer, lung cancer, and melanoma are at a high risk of developing brain metastases. However, the mechanisms underlying the brain metastatic cascade remain poorly understood. Microglia, one of the major resident macrophages in the brain parenchyma, are involved in multiple processes associated with brain metastasis, including inflammation, angiogenesis, and immune modulation. They also closely interact with metastatic cancer cells, astrocytes, and other immune cells. Current therapeutic approaches against metastatic brain cancers, including small-molecule drugs, antibody-coupled drugs (ADCs), and immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), have compromised efficacy owing to the impermeability of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and complex brain microenvironment. Targeting microglia is one of the strategies for treating metastatic brain cancer. In this review, we summarize the multifaceted roles of microglia in brain metastases and highlight them as potential targets for future therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Feng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xueqing Hu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yingru Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
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10
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Lv X, Li Z, Dai Y, Xiao Y, Shen F, Wang J, Cao J, Wang L, Peng Q, Jiao Y. The mir-199b-5p encapsulated in adipocyte-derived exosomes mediates radioresistance of colorectal cancer cells by targeting JAG1. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24412. [PMID: 38293473 PMCID: PMC10826727 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy is a key treatment option for colorectal cancer, but its efficacy varies among patients. Our previous studies suggested that adipose tissue may confer the radioresistance of several abdominal tumors, such as pancreatic cancer, biliary cancer, and others. In the present work, the effects of adipocytes in regulating the radiosensitivity of colorectal cancer are explored for the first time. It was found that colony formation was increased and radiation-induced apoptosis decreased in colorectal cancer cells HCT8 and HCT116 co-cultured with adipocytes, which verified the mediation of adipocyte-driven radioresistance in colorectal cancer in vitro. Next, the colorectal cancer cells were incubated with adipocyte-derived exosomes, and a perceptible reduction in radiosensitivity was detected. Furthermore, to investigate the possible mechanisms involved, the exosomes were isolated, the encapsulated microRNAs were extracted and analyzed by small RNA sequencing. Based on bioinformatics analysis and qRT-PCR verification, miR-199b-5p was chosen for functional annotation. It was shown that miR-199b-5p expression was significantly upregulated after 6 Gy irradiation, and overexpressed miR-199b-5p significantly suppressed the radiosensitivity of HCT8 and HCT116 cells. In addition, jagged canonical Notch ligand 1(JAG1) was identified as the target gene of miR-199b-5p by using bioinformatics prediction and dual luciferase reporter gene assay. It was demonstrated that JAG1 conferred the radioresistance of colorectal cancer cells both in vivo and in vitro. Taken together, the present study demonstrates that adipocytes trigger the radioresistance of colorectal cancer cells, probably by targeting JAG1 through an adipocyte-derived exosomal miR-199b-5p.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Zhenyan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Yunpeng Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Yuji Xiao
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, China
| | - Fangrong Shen
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Radiotherapy, the Affiliated Jiangyin People's Hospital of Nantong University, Jiangyin, 214400, China
| | - Jianping Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Lili Wang
- Department of Radiotherapy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
| | - Qiliang Peng
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, China
| | - Yang Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
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11
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Jin Y, Sun L, Chen Y, Lu Y. The homologous tumor-derived-exosomes loaded with miR-1270 selectively enhanced the suppression effect for colorectal cancer cells. Cancer Med 2024; 13:e6936. [PMID: 38197582 PMCID: PMC10807586 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.6936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC), known as prevalent cancer, has risen to be the leading cause of cancer-related death. Engineered exosomes had attracted much attention since they acted as carriers to deliver small molecule drugs, therapeutic nucleic acids, and polypeptides to treat a series of cancers. METHODS AND RESULTS Here, we found that the PKH-26 labeled exosomes, which were derived from the CRC cells, could be efficiently absorbed by SW1116 cells and had an abundant fluorescence distribution in tumors, compared with the exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) and HepG2 cells. This Research demonstrated that engineered CRC-exosomes loaded with functional miR-1270 (Exo-miR-1270) enriched in miR-1270 strongly inhibited the proliferation by CCK-8 and EdU assays, migration by wound-healing and transwell assays, and promoted the apoptosis for CRC cells through flow cytometry. MiR-1270 overexpression delivered by CRC exosomes contributed to inhibiting the tumor growth potential of CRC in vivo and increasing the overall survival of the mice. Moreover, the safety evaluation results showed that CRC-exosomes loaded with functional miR-1270-mimics had no toxicity for other organs by histopathological analysis and no influence on the vital chemistry and hematology parameters for mice in vivo safety evaluation. CONCLUSION These results indicate that Exo-miR-1270 can effectively treat CRC tumors by intravenous administration. Our work provided a foundation that the homologous tumor-derived exosomes mediated miRNA delivery for the treatment of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingmin Jin
- Department of GastroenterologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical UniversityHarbinChina
| | - Liying Sun
- Department of GastroenterologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical UniversityHarbinChina
| | - Yingying Chen
- Department of GastroenterologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical UniversityHarbinChina
| | - Yue Lu
- Department of GastroenterologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical UniversityHarbinChina
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12
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Lee SM, Cho J, Choi S, Kim DH, Ryu JW, Kim I, Woo DC, Sung YH, Jeong JY, Baek IJ, Pack CG, Rho JK, Lee SW, Ha CH. HDAC5-mediated exosomal Maspin and miR-151a-3p as biomarkers for enhancing radiation treatment sensitivity in hepatocellular carcinoma. Biomater Res 2023; 27:134. [PMID: 38102691 PMCID: PMC10725039 DOI: 10.1186/s40824-023-00467-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumor-derived exosomes are critical elements of the cell-cell communication response to various stimuli. This study aims to reveal that the histone deacetylase 5 (HDAC5) and p53 interaction upon radiation in hepatocellular carcinoma intricately regulates the secretion and composition of exosomes. METHODS We observed that HDAC5 and p53 expression were significantly increased by 2 Gy and 4 Gy radiation exposure in HCC. Normal- and radiation-derived exosomes released by HepG2 were purified to investigate the exosomal components. RESULTS We found that in the radiation-derived exosome, exosomal Maspin was notably increased. Maspin is known as an anti-angiogenic gene. The expression of Maspin was regulated at the cellular level by HDAC5, and it was elaborately regulated and released in the exosome. Radiation-derived exosome treatment caused significant inhibition of angiogenesis in HUVECs and mouse aortic tissues. Meanwhile, we confirmed that miR-151a-3p was significantly reduced in the radiation-derived exosome through exosomal miRNA sequencing, and three HCC-specific exosomal miRNAs were also decreased. In particular, miR-151a-3p induced an anti-apoptotic response by inhibiting p53, and it was shown to induce EMT and promote tumor growth by regulating p53-related tumor progression genes. In the HCC xenograft model, radiation-induced exosome injection significantly reduced angiogenesis and tumor size. CONCLUSIONS Our present findings demonstrated HDAC5 is a vital gene of the p53-mediated release of exosomes resulting in tumor suppression through anti-cancer exosomal components in response to radiation. Finally, we highlight the important role of exosomal Maspin and mi-151a-3p as a biomarker in enhancing radiation treatment sensitivity. Therapeutic potential of HDAC5 through p53-mediated exosome modulation in radiation treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Min Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympic-Ro 43-Gil, Songpa-Gu, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongin Cho
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympic-Ro 43-Gil, Songpa-Gu, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Sujin Choi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympic-Ro 43-Gil, Songpa-Gu, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Ha Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympic-Ro 43-Gil, Songpa-Gu, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Je-Won Ryu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympic-Ro 43-Gil, Songpa-Gu, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Inki Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, Asan Medical Center, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Cheol Woo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Asan Medical Center, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Hoon Sung
- Department of Cell and Genetic Engineering, Asan Medical Center, Asan Institute for Life Sciences University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Yong Jeong
- Department of Microbiology, Asan Medical Center, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Jeoung Baek
- Department of Cell and Genetic Engineering, Asan Medical Center, Asan Institute for Life Sciences University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan-Gi Pack
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Asan Medical Center, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Kyung Rho
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympic-Ro 43-Gil, Songpa-Gu, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Wook Lee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympic-Ro 43-Gil, Songpa-Gu, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea.
| | - Chang Hoon Ha
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympic-Ro 43-Gil, Songpa-Gu, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea.
- Digestive Diseases Research Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea.
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13
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Shafeghat Z, Dorfaki M, Dehrouyeh S, Arab FL, Roozbehani M, Falak R, Faraji F, Jafari R. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes for managing graft-versus-host disease: An updated view. Transpl Immunol 2023; 81:101957. [PMID: 37935319 DOI: 10.1016/j.trim.2023.101957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
Graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) is the most common complication after stem cell transplantation, and also it is one of the primary limiting factors for the use of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) in the treatment of hematologic cancers. GvHD, a systemic inflammatory disease, is caused by donor T cells recognizing the recipient's foreign antigens. In addition, an immune dysregulation, caused by autoreactive immune cells, complicates potent inflammatory process following HSCT. While there is no one approved treatment method for GvHD, corticosteroids are the most common first-line treatment. Exosomes are biological vesicles between 30 and 120 nm in diameter, which carry various biologically active molecules. They are known to play a key role in the paracrine effect of mesenchymal stem cells with therapeutic and tissue repair effects, including an immunosuppressive potential. Exosomes are unable to replicate themselves but because of their small size and fluid-like structure, they can pass through physiological barriers. Exosome are relatively easy to prepare and they can be quickly sterilized by a filtration process. Administration of exosomes, derived from mesenchymal stem cells, effectively reduced GvHD symptoms and significantly increased HSCT recipients' survival. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosome therapy reduced clinical symptoms of GvHD in patients after HSCT. Studies in patients with GvHD described that that mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes inhibited the release of IFN-γ and TNF-α by activated natural killer (NK cells), thereby reducing the lethal function of NK cells and inflammatory responses. Current review provides a comprehensive overview about the use of mesenchymal stem cells and their derived exosomes for the treatment of GvHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Shafeghat
- Department of Immunology, School of medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Dorfaki
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Shiva Dehrouyeh
- Department of Immunology, School of medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fahime Lavi Arab
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mona Roozbehani
- Vaccine Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Falak
- Immunology Research Center, Institute of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Fatemeh Faraji
- Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, Institute of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Reza Jafari
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
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14
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Asleh K, Dery V, Taylor C, Davey M, Djeungoue-Petga MA, Ouellette RJ. Extracellular vesicle-based liquid biopsy biomarkers and their application in precision immuno-oncology. Biomark Res 2023; 11:99. [PMID: 37978566 PMCID: PMC10655470 DOI: 10.1186/s40364-023-00540-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
While the field of precision oncology is rapidly expanding and more targeted options are revolutionizing cancer treatment paradigms, therapeutic resistance particularly to immunotherapy remains a pressing challenge. This can be largely attributed to the dynamic tumor-stroma interactions that continuously alter the microenvironment. While to date most advancements have been made through examining the clinical utility of tissue-based biomarkers, their invasive nature and lack of a holistic representation of the evolving disease in a real-time manner could result in suboptimal treatment decisions. Thus, using minimally-invasive approaches to identify biomarkers that predict and monitor treatment response as well as alert to the emergence of recurrences is of a critical need. Currently, research efforts are shifting towards developing liquid biopsy-based biomarkers obtained from patients over the course of disease. Liquid biopsy represents a unique opportunity to monitor intercellular communication within the tumor microenvironment which could occur through the exchange of extracellular vesicles (EVs). EVs are lipid bilayer membrane nanoscale vesicles which transfer a plethora of biomolecules that mediate intercellular crosstalk, shape the tumor microenvironment, and modify drug response. The capture of EVs using innovative approaches, such as microfluidics, magnetic beads, and aptamers, allow their analysis via high throughput multi-omics techniques and facilitate their use for biomarker discovery. Artificial intelligence, using machine and deep learning algorithms, is advancing multi-omics analyses to uncover candidate biomarkers and predictive signatures that are key for translation into clinical trials. With the increasing recognition of the role of EVs in mediating immune evasion and as a valuable biomarker source, these real-time snapshots of cellular communication are promising to become an important tool in the field of precision oncology and spur the recognition of strategies to block resistance to immunotherapy. In this review, we discuss the emerging role of EVs in biomarker research describing current advances in their isolation and analysis techniques as well as their function as mediators in the tumor microenvironment. We also highlight recent lung cancer and melanoma studies that point towards their application as predictive biomarkers for immunotherapy and their potential clinical use in precision immuno-oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karama Asleh
- Atlantic Cancer Research Institute, Moncton, New Brunswick, Canada.
| | - Valerie Dery
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Université de Moncton, Moncton, New Brunswick, Canada
| | - Catherine Taylor
- Atlantic Cancer Research Institute, Moncton, New Brunswick, Canada
| | - Michelle Davey
- Atlantic Cancer Research Institute, Moncton, New Brunswick, Canada
| | | | - Rodney J Ouellette
- Atlantic Cancer Research Institute, Moncton, New Brunswick, Canada
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Université de Moncton, Moncton, New Brunswick, Canada
- Dr Georges L. Dumont University Hospital, Vitalite Health Network, Moncton, New Brunswick, Canada
- Beatrice Hunter Cancer Research Institute, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
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15
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Wang HC, Yin WX, Jiang M, Han JY, Kuai XW, Sun R, Sun YF, Ji JL. Function and biomedical implications of exosomal microRNAs delivered by parenchymal and nonparenchymal cells in hepatocellular carcinoma. World J Gastroenterol 2023; 29:5435-5451. [PMID: 37900996 PMCID: PMC10600808 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v29.i39.5435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Small extracellular vesicles (exosomes) are important components of the tumor microenvironment. They are small membrane-bound vesicles derived from almost all cell types and play an important role in intercellular communication. Exosomes transmit biological molecules obtained from parent cells, such as proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids, and are involved in cancer development. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), the most abundant contents in exosomes, are selectively packaged into exosomes to carry out their biological functions. Recent studies have revealed that exosome-delivered miRNAs play crucial roles in the tumorigenesis, progression, and drug resistance of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In addition, exosomes have great industrial prospects in the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of patients with HCC. This review summarized the composition and function of exosomal miRNAs of different cell origins in HCC and highlighted the association between exosomal miRNAs from stromal cells and immune cells in the tumor microenvironment and the progression of HCC. Finally, we described the potential applicability of exosomal miRNAs derived from mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Chen Wang
- Department of Pathology, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Wen-Xuan Yin
- Department of Pathology, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Meng Jiang
- Department of Pathology, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Microenvironment and Translational Cancer Research, Science and Technology Bureau of Nantong City, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jia-Yi Han
- Department of Pathology, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Microenvironment and Translational Cancer Research, Science and Technology Bureau of Nantong City, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xing-Wang Kuai
- Department of Pathology, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Microenvironment and Translational Cancer Research, Science and Technology Bureau of Nantong City, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Rui Sun
- Department of Pathology, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Microenvironment and Translational Cancer Research, Science and Technology Bureau of Nantong City, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yu-Feng Sun
- Department of Pathology, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Microenvironment and Translational Cancer Research, Science and Technology Bureau of Nantong City, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ju-Ling Ji
- Department of Pathology, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Microenvironment and Translational Cancer Research, Science and Technology Bureau of Nantong City, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
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16
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Liu M, Lai Z, Yuan X, Jin Q, Shen H, Rao D, Huang D. Role of exosomes in the development, diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. Mol Med 2023; 29:136. [PMID: 37848835 PMCID: PMC10580543 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-023-00731-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary liver cancer. It is characterized by occult onset resulting in most patients being diagnosed at advanced stages and with poor prognosis. Exosomes are nanoscale vesicles with a lipid bilayer envelope released by various cells under physiological and pathological conditions, which play an important role in the biological information transfer between cells. There is growing evidence that HCC cell-derived exosomes may contribute to the establishment of a favorable microenvironment that supports cancer cell proliferation, invasion, and metastasis. These exosomes not only provide a versatile platform for diagnosis but also serve as a vehicle for drug delivery. In this paper, we review the role of exosomes involved in the proliferation, migration, and metastasis of HCC and describe their application in HCC diagnosis and treatment. We also discuss the prospects of exosome application in HCC and the research challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meijin Liu
- Ganzhou Jingkai District People's Hospital, Ganzhou, China
| | - Zhonghong Lai
- Department of Traumatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Xiaoying Yuan
- Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Qing Jin
- Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Haibin Shen
- Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Dingyu Rao
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China.
| | - Defa Huang
- Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China.
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17
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Gonzalez Suarez N, Fernandez-Marrero Y, Hébert MPA, Roy ME, Boudreau LH, Annabi B. EGCG inhibits the inflammation and senescence inducing properties of MDA-MB-231 triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells-derived extracellular vesicles in human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Cancer Cell Int 2023; 23:240. [PMID: 37833751 PMCID: PMC10576371 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-023-03087-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells' secretome can induce a pro-inflammatory phenotype in human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hADMSC). This can be prevented by the green tea polyphenol epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG). The impact of EGCG on the paracrine regulation that the extracellular vesicles (EVs) specifically exert within the TNBC secretome remains unknown. METHODS EVs were obtained from a TNBC-derived serum-starved MDA-MB-231 cell model treated or not with EGCG under normoxic or hypoxic (< 1% O2) culture conditions. RNA-Seq analysis was used to assess the EVs' genetic content. The modulation of inflammatory and senescence markers in hADMSC was evaluated by RT-qPCR using cDNA arrays and validated by immunoblotting. A protein profiler phospho-kinase array was used to explore signaling pathways. RESULTS While hypoxic culture conditions did not significantly alter the genetic content of MDA-MB-231-secreted EVs, the addition of EGCG significantly modified EVs genetic material at low oxygen tension. Gene expression of cancer-associated adipocyte pro-inflammatory markers CXCL8, CCL2 and IL-1β was increased in hADMSC treated with EVs. Concomitantly, EVs isolated from MDA-MB-231 treated with EGCG (EGCG-EVs) downregulated CCL2 and IL-1β, while inducing higher expression of CXCL8 and IL-6 levels. EVs activated CHK-2, c-Jun, AKT and GSK-3β signaling pathways in hADMSC, whereas EGCG-EVs specifically reduced the latter two as well as the serum starvation-induced senescence markers p21 and β-galactosidase. Finally, the mitochondrial content within the TNBC cells-derived EVs was found reduced upon EGCG treatment. CONCLUSION This proof of concept study demonstrates that the chemopreventive properties of diet-derived polyphenols may efficiently target the paracrine regulation that TNBC cells could exert upon their surrounding adipose tissue microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narjara Gonzalez Suarez
- Laboratoire d'Oncologie Moléculaire, Département de Chimie, Université du Québec À Montréal and CERMO-FC, C.P. 8888, Succ. Centre-Ville, Montreal, QC, H3C 3P8, Canada
| | | | - Mathieu P A Hébert
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Université de Moncton and New Brunswick Center for Precision Medicine, Moncton, NB, Canada
| | - Marie-Eve Roy
- Laboratoire d'Oncologie Moléculaire, Département de Chimie, Université du Québec À Montréal and CERMO-FC, C.P. 8888, Succ. Centre-Ville, Montreal, QC, H3C 3P8, Canada
| | - Luc H Boudreau
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Université de Moncton and New Brunswick Center for Precision Medicine, Moncton, NB, Canada
| | - Borhane Annabi
- Laboratoire d'Oncologie Moléculaire, Département de Chimie, Université du Québec À Montréal and CERMO-FC, C.P. 8888, Succ. Centre-Ville, Montreal, QC, H3C 3P8, Canada.
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18
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Zeng Y, Hu S, Luo Y, He K. Exosome Cargos as Biomarkers for Diagnosis and Prognosis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2365. [PMID: 37765333 PMCID: PMC10537613 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15092365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide. Due to the insidiousness of HCC onset and the lack of specific early-stage markers, the early diagnosis and treatment of HCC are still unsatisfactory, leading to a poor prognosis. Exosomes are a type of extracellular vesicle containing various components, which play an essential part in the development, progression, and metastasis of HCC. A large number of studies have demonstrated that exosomes could serve as novel biomarkers for the diagnosis of HCC. These diagnostic components mainly include proteins, microRNAs, long noncoding RNAs, and circular RNAs. The exosome biomarkers showed high sensitivity and high specificity in distinguishing HCC from health controls and other liver diseases, such as chronic HBV and liver cirrhosis. The expression of these biomarkers also exhibits correlations with various clinical factors such as tumor size, TMN stage, overall survival, and recurrence rate. In this review, we summarize the function of exosomes in the development of HCC and highlight their application as HCC biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulai Zeng
- Department of Liver Surgery, School of Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China; (Y.Z.); (S.H.)
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Transplantation and Immunology, Shanghai 200127, China
- Shanghai Institute of Transplantation, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Shuyu Hu
- Department of Liver Surgery, School of Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China; (Y.Z.); (S.H.)
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Transplantation and Immunology, Shanghai 200127, China
- Shanghai Institute of Transplantation, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Yi Luo
- Department of Liver Surgery, School of Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China; (Y.Z.); (S.H.)
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Transplantation and Immunology, Shanghai 200127, China
- Shanghai Institute of Transplantation, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Kang He
- Department of Liver Surgery, School of Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China; (Y.Z.); (S.H.)
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Transplantation and Immunology, Shanghai 200127, China
- Shanghai Institute of Transplantation, Shanghai 200127, China
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19
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Zhou S, Tian T, Meng T, Wu J, Hu D, Liao Q, Zhuang J, Wang H, Zhang G. Tumor-derived covalent organic framework nanozymes for targeted chemo-photothermal combination therapy. iScience 2023; 26:107348. [PMID: 37554442 PMCID: PMC10405260 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have garnered enormous attention in anti-cancer therapy recently. However, the intrinsic drawbacks such as poor biocompatibility and low target-specificity greatly restrain the full clinical implementation of COF. Herein, we report a biomimetic multifunctional COF nanozyme, which consists of AIEgen-based COF (TPE-s COF) with encapsulated gold nanoparticles (Au NPs). The nanozyme was co-cultured with HepG2 cells until the cell membrane was fused with lipophilic TPE-s COF-Au@Cisplatin. By using the cryo-shocking method, we fabricated an inactivated form of the TPE-s COF-Au@Cisplatin nanozyme endocytosed in the HepG2 cell membrane (M@TPE-s COF-Au@Cisplatin), which lost their proliferative ability and pathogenicity. Upon laser irradiation, the M@TPE-s COF-Au@Cisplatin nanozymes cleaved, thereby releasing the TPE-s COF-Au nanozyme and Cisplatin to exert their photothermal and drug therapeutic effect. This work opens a new avenue to the synthesis of tumor-derived fluorescent TPE-s COF-Au nanozymes for highly efficient, synergetic, and targeted chemo-photothermal combination therapy of liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengnan Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, P.R. China
| | - Tian Tian
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Tao Meng
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, P.R. China
| | - Jin Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, P.R. China
| | - Danyou Hu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, P.R. China
| | - Qiaobo Liao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Jialu Zhuang
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Hua Wang
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Guiyang Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, P.R. China
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20
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Yan L, Li J, Zhang C. The role of MSCs and CAR-MSCs in cellular immunotherapy. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:187. [PMID: 37528472 PMCID: PMC10391838 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01191-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) are widely used by T cells (CAR-T cells), natural killer cells dendritic cells and macrophages, and they are of great importance in cellular immunotherapy. However, the use of CAR-related products faces several challenges, including the poor persistence of cells carrying CARs, cell dysfunction or exhaustion, relapse of disease, immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome, cytokine release syndrome, low efficacy against solid tumors and immunosuppression by the tumor microenvironment. Another important cell therapy regimen involves mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Recent studies have shown that MSCs can improve the anticancer functions of CAR-related products. CAR-MSCs can overcome the flaws of cellular immunotherapy. Thus, MSCs can be used as a biological vehicle for CARs. In this review, we first discuss the characteristics and immunomodulatory functions of MSCs. Then, the role of MSCs as a source of exosomes, including the characteristics of MSC-derived exosomes and their immunomodulatory functions, is discussed. The role of MSCs in CAR-related products, CAR-related product-derived exosomes and the effect of MSCs on CAR-related products are reviewed. Finally, the use of MSCs as CAR vehicles is discussed. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lun Yan
- Medical Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
| | - Jing Li
- Medical Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Medical Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China.
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21
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Chu X, Wang Z, Wang W, Liu W, Cao Y, Feng L. Roles of hypoxic environment and M2 macrophage-derived extracellular vesicles on the progression of non-small cell lung cancer. BMC Pulm Med 2023; 23:239. [PMID: 37400770 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-023-02468-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypoxia contributes to the development of invasive and metastatic cancer cells, and is detrimental to cancer treatment. This study aimed to explore the molecular mechanisms by which hypoxic microenvironments affect hypoxic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) development and the effects of M2 macrophage-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) on NSCLC cells. METHODS A549 cells were cultured in an anoxic incubator for 48 h to construct hypoxic A549 cells, and then normal and hypoxic A549 cells were harvested for RNA sequencing. Next, THP-1 cells were used to induce M2 macrophages, and EVs were isolated from THP-1 cells and M2 macrophages. Cell counting kit-8 and transwell assays were used to determine the viability and migration of hypoxic A549 cells, respectively. RESULTS After sequencing, 2426 DElncRNAs and 501 DEmiRNAs were identified in normal A549 cells and hypoxic A549 cells. These DElncRNAs and DEmiRNAs were significantly enriched in "Wnt signaling pathway," "Hippo signaling pathway," "Rap1 signaling pathway," "calcium signaling pathway," "mTOR signaling pathway," and "TNF signaling pathway." Subsequently, ceRNA networks consisting of 4 lncRNA NDRG1 transcripts, 16 miRNAs and 221 target mRNAs were built, and the genes in the ceRNA networks were significantly associated with "Hippo signaling pathway" and "HIF-1 signaling pathway." EVs were successfully extracted from THP-1 cells and M2 macrophages, and M2 macrophage-derived EVs significantly enhanced the viability and migration of hypoxic A549 cells. Finally, M2 macrophage-derived EVs further upregulated the expression of NDRG1-009, NDRG1-006, VEGFA, and EGLN3, while downregulating miR-34c-5p, miR-346, and miR-205-5p in hypoxic A549 cells. CONCLUSIONS M2 macrophage-derived EVs may worsen the progression of NSCLC in a hypoxic microenvironment by regulating the NDRG1-009-miR-34c-5p-VEGFA, NDRG1-006-miR-346-EGLN3, NDRG1-009-miR-205-5p-VEGFA, and Hippo/HIF-1 signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Chu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Zetian Wang
- Department of Trauma-Emergency & Critical Care Medicine, The Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Weiqing Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Wenjing Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Yunyun Cao
- School of Medicine, The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China.
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Minhang Branch, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, NO.106, Ruili Road, Minhang District, Shanghai, 200240, China.
| | - Liang Feng
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Minhang Branch, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, NO.106, Ruili Road, Minhang District, Shanghai, 200240, China.
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22
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Yin KL, Li M, Song PP, Duan YX, Ye WT, Tang W, Kokudo N, Gao Q, Liao R. Unraveling the Emerging Niche Role of Hepatic Stellate Cell-derived Exosomes in Liver Diseases. J Clin Transl Hepatol 2023; 11:441-451. [PMID: 36643031 PMCID: PMC9817040 DOI: 10.14218/jcth.2022.00326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) play an essential role in various liver diseases, and exosomes are critical mediators of intercellular communication in local and distant microenvironments. Cellular crosstalk between HSCs and surrounding multiple tissue-resident cells promotes or inhibits the activation of HSCs. Substantial evidence has revealed that HSC-derived exosomes are involved in the occurrence and development of liver diseases through the regulation of retinoid metabolism, lipid metabolism, glucose metabolism, protein metabolism, and mitochondrial metabolism. HSC-derived exosomes are underpinned by vehicle molecules, such as mRNAs and microRNAs, that function in, and significantly affect, the processes of various liver diseases, such as acute liver injury, alcoholic liver disease, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, viral hepatitis, fibrosis, and cancer. As such, numerous exosomes derived from HSCs or HSC-associated exosomes have attracted attention because of their biological roles and translational applications as potential targets for therapeutic targets. Herein, we review the pathophysiological and metabolic processes associated with HSC-derived exosomes, their roles in various liver diseases and their potential clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun-Li Yin
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Pei-Pei Song
- National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yu-Xin Duan
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wen-Tao Ye
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wei Tang
- National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Norihiro Kokudo
- National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Qiang Gao
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Correspondence to: Qiang Gao, Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Liver Cancer Institute, Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6695-9906. ; Rui Liao, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Medical University, 1 Youyi Road, Chongqing 400016, China. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0057-2792. E-mail:
| | - Rui Liao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Correspondence to: Qiang Gao, Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Liver Cancer Institute, Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6695-9906. ; Rui Liao, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Medical University, 1 Youyi Road, Chongqing 400016, China. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0057-2792. E-mail:
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23
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Yan SY, Yang YW, Jiang XY, Hu S, Su YY, Yao H, Hu CH. Fat quantification: Imaging methods and clinical applications in cancer. Eur J Radiol 2023; 164:110851. [PMID: 37148843 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2023.110851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Recently, the study of the relationship between lipid metabolism and cancer has evolved. The characteristics of intratumoral and peritumoral fat are distinct and changeable during cancer development. Subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue are also associated with cancer prognosis. In non-invasive imaging, fat quantification parameters such as controlled attenuation parameter, fat volume fraction, and proton density fat fraction from different imaging methods complement conventional images by providing concrete fat information. Therefore, measuring the changes of fat content for further understanding of cancer characteristics has been applied in both research and clinical settings. In this review, the authors summarize imaging advances in fat quantification and highlight their clinical applications in cancer precaution, auxiliary diagnosis and classification, therapy response monitoring, and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suo Yu Yan
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital to Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, PR China
| | - Yi Wen Yang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital to Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, PR China
| | - Xin Yu Jiang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital to Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, PR China
| | - Su Hu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital to Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, PR China
| | - Yun Yan Su
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital to Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, PR China.
| | - Hui Yao
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital to Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, PR China; Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital to Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, PR China.
| | - Chun Hong Hu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital to Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, PR China.
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24
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Zhu Y, Wang C, Ma Z, Li F, Xu C, Pan W, Liu A. Role of Exosomes in the Invasion and Metastasis of Ovarian Cancer and Application Potential of Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment. J Cancer 2023; 14:1141-1150. [PMID: 37215442 PMCID: PMC10197940 DOI: 10.7150/jca.83663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is a highly lethal form of cancer in females, largely due to extensive metastases that often accompany the initial diagnosis. Exosomes are microvesicles size from 30 to 100nm, which can be secreted by most cells. These special extracellular vesicles play a vital role in the metastasis of ovarian cancer. In this study, we conducted a comprehensive review of current research pertaining to the role of exosomes in ovarian cancer, utilizing the PubMed® and Web of Science databases. Our review highlights the progress in elucidating the mechanisms by which exosomes facilitate ovarian cancer progression. Additionally, we discuss the potential of exosomes as a novel therapeutic target for ovarian cancer treatment. Overall, our review provides valuable insights into the current state of research on exosomes in ovarian cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifei Zhu
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
- Department of Pathology, Seventh Medical Center, General Hospital of PLA, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Cheng Wang
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
- Department of Pathology, Seventh Medical Center, General Hospital of PLA, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Ziyu Ma
- Department of Pathology, Seventh Medical Center, General Hospital of PLA, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Feifei Li
- Department of Pathology, Seventh Medical Center, General Hospital of PLA, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Chunwei Xu
- Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine (ICBM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310022, China
| | - Weiwei Pan
- Department of Cell biology, College of Medicine, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, China
| | - Aijun Liu
- Department of Pathology, Seventh Medical Center, General Hospital of PLA, Beijing 100700, China
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25
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Xu X, Xiang Y, Yang Y, Liu K, Cui Z, Tong X, Chen J, Hou F, Luo Z. The application of tumor cell-derived vesicles in oncology therapy. Clin Transl Oncol 2023; 25:364-374. [PMID: 36207510 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-022-02966-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Tumor cell-derived vesicles are released by tumor cells, have a phospholipid bilayer, and are widely distributed in various biological fluids. In recent years, it has been found that tumor cell-derived vesicles contain proteins, metabolites and nucleic acids and can be delivered to recipient cells to perform their physiological functions, such as mediating specific intercellular communication, activating or inhibiting signaling pathways, participating in regulating the modulation of tumor microenvironment and influencing tumor development, which can be used for early detection and diagnosis of cancer. In addition, tumor cell-derived vesicles exhibit multiple properties in tumor therapeutic applications and may serve as a new class of delivery systems. In this review, we elaborate on the application of tumor cell-derived vesicles in oncology therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ximei Xu
- The People's Hospital of Leshan, Leshan, 614000, Sichuan, China.
| | - Yin Xiang
- The People's Hospital of Leshan, Leshan, 614000, Sichuan, China
| | - Yang Yang
- The People's Hospital of Leshan, Leshan, 614000, Sichuan, China
| | - Kai Liu
- The People's Hospital of Leshan, Leshan, 614000, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhiwei Cui
- The People's Hospital of Leshan, Leshan, 614000, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaodong Tong
- The People's Hospital of Leshan, Leshan, 614000, Sichuan, China
| | - Junliang Chen
- The People's Hospital of Leshan, Leshan, 614000, Sichuan, China
| | - Fang Hou
- The People's Hospital of Leshan, Leshan, 614000, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhiqiang Luo
- The People's Hospital of Leshan, Leshan, 614000, Sichuan, China
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26
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Exosomes treating osteoarthritis: hope with challenge. Heliyon 2023; 9:e13152. [PMID: 36711315 PMCID: PMC9880404 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) has been proven as the second primary cause of pain and disability in the elderly population, impact patients both physically and mentally, as well as imposing a heavy burden on the global healthcare system. Current treatment methods, whether conservative or surgical, that aim at relieving symptoms can not delay or reverse the degenerative process in the structure. Scientists and clinicians are facing a revolution in OA treatment strategies. The emergence of exosomes brings hope for OA treatment based on pathology, which is attributed to its full potential in protecting chondrocytes from excessive death, alleviating inflammation, maintaining cartilage matrix metabolism, and regulating angiogenesis and subchondral bone remodeling. Therefore, we summarized the recent studies of exosomes in OA, aiming to comprehensively understand the functions and mechanisms of exosomes in OA treatment, which may provide direction and theoretical support for formulating therapeutic strategies in the future.
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27
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Yilmaz G, Tavsan Z, Cagatay E, Kursunluoglu G, Kayali HA. Exosomes released from cisplatin-resistant ovarian cancer cells modulate the reprogramming of cells in tumor microenvironments toward the cancerous cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 157:113973. [PMID: 36413836 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Exosomes released from cancer cells are involved in the reorganization of the tumor microenvironment which is the essential aspect of cancer pathogenesis. The intercommunications between cancer cells and diverse cell types in the microenvironment are accomplished by exosomes in ovarian cancer. Internalization pathway, intracellular fate, and biological functions in recipient cells mediated by exosomes released from cisplatin-resistant A2780cis have been studied. Also, histopathological evaluation of tumor, ovary, liver tissues and lymph nodes in vivo studies have been performed. The recipient cells internalized the exosomes via active uptake mechanisms, as shown by confocal microscopy. However, inhibitor studies and flow cytometry analysis showed that each recipient cell line used different uptake pathways. Also, confocal microscopy imaging indicated that the internalized exosomes trapped in the endosomes or phagosomes were distributed to the different cellular compartments including ER, Golgi, and lysosome. The transfer of exosomal oncogenic cargo into the cells modified the intracellular signaling of recipient cells including invasion and metastasis by Boyden-Chamber assay, proliferation by ATP analysis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers at protein and mRNA levels by western blotting and real-time PCR, and protein kinases in the phospho-kinase array. This remodeling contributed to the initiation of carcinogenesis in ovarian epithelial and peritoneal mesothelial cells, and the progression of carcinogenesis in ovarian cancer cells. In addition, intraperitoneal tumor model studies show that exosomes released from cisplatin-resistant A2780cis cells may play role in the enlargement of lymph nodes, and tumor formations integrated with the liver, attached to the stomach and in the ovarian tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gizem Yilmaz
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center, 35340 İzmir, Turkey; Izmir International Biomedicine and Genome Institute, Dokuz Eylul University, 35340 İzmir, Turkey
| | - Zehra Tavsan
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center, 35340 İzmir, Turkey
| | - Elcin Cagatay
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center, 35340 İzmir, Turkey; Izmir International Biomedicine and Genome Institute, Dokuz Eylul University, 35340 İzmir, Turkey
| | - Gizem Kursunluoglu
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center, 35340 İzmir, Turkey; ERFARMA-Drug Application and Research Center, Erciyes University, Kayseri 38280 Turkey
| | - Hulya Ayar Kayali
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center, 35340 İzmir, Turkey; Izmir International Biomedicine and Genome Institute, Dokuz Eylul University, 35340 İzmir, Turkey; Department of Chemistry, Division of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Dokuz Eylul University, 35390 İzmir, Turkey.
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28
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Wang S, Xu M, Xiao X, Wang L, Sun Z, Guan M, Zhao RC. Pancreatic cancer cell exosomes induce lipidomics changes in adipocytes. Adipocyte 2022; 11:346-355. [PMID: 35734893 PMCID: PMC9235897 DOI: 10.1080/21623945.2022.2084900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence has demonstrated the important roles of exosomes during pancreatic cancer development. However, the effects of pancreatic cancer exosomes (PC-exos) on adipocytes remain largely unknown. Here, we used mass-spectrometry-based lipidomics to identify lipids that were changed in adipocytes after exposure to PC-exos, and we found that triglyceride (TG) reduction was the most significant, which might be induced by increased lipolysis because the number of large lipid droplets increased while small ones decreased. Additionally, abdominal adipocytes in mice injected with PC-exos had a relatively smaller size. Mechanistically, we found that genes involved in metabolism and inflammation were up-regulated, among which increase of IL-6 was significant, and we then found IL-6 promoted lipolysis. To our knowledge, this is the first study on the lipidomics changes of adipocytes after PC-exos treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihua Wang
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Center of Excellence in Tissue Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Beijing Key Laboratory of New Drug Development and Clinical Trial of Stem Cell Therapy (BZ0381)
| | - Meiqian Xu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Laboratory of ENT-HNS Disease, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xian Xiao
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Center of Excellence in Tissue Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Beijing Key Laboratory of New Drug Development and Clinical Trial of Stem Cell Therapy (BZ0381)
| | - Liping Wang
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Center of Excellence in Tissue Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Beijing Key Laboratory of New Drug Development and Clinical Trial of Stem Cell Therapy (BZ0381)
| | - Zhao Sun
- Department of Oncology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Mei Guan
- Department of Oncology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Robert Chunhua Zhao
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Center of Excellence in Tissue Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Beijing Key Laboratory of New Drug Development and Clinical Trial of Stem Cell Therapy (BZ0381)
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
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29
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Wang G, Luo G, Zhao M, Miao H. Significance of exosomes in hepatocellular carcinoma. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1056379. [PMID: 36531059 PMCID: PMC9748478 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1056379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Among the most prevalent cancers in the world, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has a high mortality rate. The diagnosis and management of HCC are presently hindered by difficulties in early detection and suboptimal treatment outcomes. Exosomes have been shown to play an important role in hepatocarcinogenesis and can also be used for diagnosis and treatment. In this review, we discussed the research progress on exosomes in hepatocarcinogenesis development, tumor microenvironment remodeling, treatment resistance, and immunosuppression. HCC can be diagnosed and treated by understanding the pathogenesis and identifying early diagnostic markers. This review will be a significant reference for scholars with an initial understanding of the field to fully understand the role of exosomes in the organism.
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Affiliation(s)
- GuoYun Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - GaiXiang Luo
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Gansu Provincial People’s Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - MeiJing Zhao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - HuiLai Miao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Liver Injury Diagnosis and Repair, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
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30
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Schlosser S, Tümen D, Volz B, Neumeyer K, Egler N, Kunst C, Tews HC, Schmid S, Kandulski A, Müller M, Gülow K. HCC biomarkers - state of the old and outlook to future promising biomarkers and their potential in everyday clinical practice. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1016952. [PMID: 36518320 PMCID: PMC9742592 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1016952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common and deadly tumors worldwide. Management of HCC depends on reliable biomarkers for screening, diagnosis, and monitoring of the disease, as well as predicting response towards therapy and safety. To date, imaging has been the established standard technique in the diagnosis and follow-up of HCC. However, imaging techniques have their limitations, especially in the early detection of HCC. Therefore, there is an urgent need for reliable, non/minimal invasive biomarkers. To date, alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is the only serum biomarker used in clinical practice for the management of HCC. However, AFP is of relatively rather low quality in terms of specificity and sensitivity. Liquid biopsies as a source for biomarkers have become the focus of clinical research. Our review highlights alternative biomarkers derived from liquid biopsies, including circulating tumor cells, proteins, circulating nucleic acids, and exosomes, and their potential for clinical application. Using defined combinations of different biomarkers will open new perspectives for diagnosing, treating, and monitoring HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Karsten Gülow
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology, Rheumatology, and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
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31
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Yeung CLS, Yam JWP. Therapy-induced modulation of extracellular vesicles in hepatocellular carcinoma. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 86:1088-1101. [PMID: 35158067 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2022.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Despite rapid development of anti-tumorigenic treatments, the clinical outcome for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is still far from satisfactory. With a deeper understanding about tumor microenvironment (TME), the critical role of extracellular vesicles (EVs) as intercellular liaison has come into spotlight. The dynamic functionality of these nanoparticles revealed cancer cells can employ both tumor and non-tumorous components for their own benefit, so as to mediate cell-to-cell communication and interchange of oncogenic biomolecules. Increasing studies on HCC-derived EVs have identified various irregulated biomolecules, that may serve as biomarkers or therapeutic targets. In this review, we first introduce the current knowledge about EVs and how they operate to maintain a healthy liver microenvironment. We then summarize some of the aberrant observations reported on HCC-derived EVs and how they contribute to HCC pathogenesis. Finally, we describe how current treatments for HCC alter behavior of EVs, which may shed light for potential prognostic markers and therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cherlie Lot Sum Yeung
- Department of Pathology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Judy Wai Ping Yam
- Department of Pathology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; State Key Laboratory of Liver Research (The University of Hong Kong), Hong Kong.
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Extracellular vesicles microRNA-592 of melanoma stem cells promotes metastasis through activation of MAPK/ERK signaling pathway by targeting PTPN7 in non-stemness melanoma cells. Cell Death Dis 2022; 8:428. [PMID: 36302748 PMCID: PMC9614017 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-022-01221-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Melanoma, one of the most aggressive malignancies, its high mortality and low survival rates are associated with effective metastatic colonization. Melanoma metastasis hinges on the bidirectional cell-cell communication within the complex metastatic microenvironments (MME). Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are recognized as a new class of molecular mediator in MME programing. Published studies show that melanoma EVs can educate MME stromal cells to acquire the pro-metastatic phenotype to enhance metastatic colonization. Whether EVs can mediate the interactions between heterogenous cancer cells within the MME that alter the course of metastasis has not been investigated at the mechanistic level. In this study, melanoma parental cells (MPCs) and paired derivative cancer stem cell line melanoma stem cells (MSCs) that were derived from melanoma cell line M14 were used. We demonstrate that the EVs-mediated crosstalk between the MSCs and the MPCs is a novel mechanism for melanoma metastasis. We characterized miR-592, a relatively novel microRNA of prognostic potential, in mediation of such intercellular crosstalk. EVs can encapsulate and deliver miR-592 to target MPCs. Upon entering, miR-592 inhibits the expression of its gene target protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type7 (PTPN7), a phosphatase targeting MAPKs. This leads to the relief of the inhibitory effect of PTPN7 on MAPK/ERK signaling and consequently the augmentation of metastatic colonization of MPCs. Thus, via the extracellular vesicle miR-592/PTPN7/MAPK axis, melanoma-CSCs can transfer their metastatic ability to the low-metastatic non-CSC melanoma cells.
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Obesity-Related Cross-Talk between Prostate Cancer and Peripheral Fat: Potential Role of Exosomes. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14205077. [PMID: 36291860 PMCID: PMC9600017 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14205077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Obesity is involved in many aspects of prostate cancer progression as a risk factor for prostate cancer, especially in the process of biochemical recurrence in the prostate. Approximately 27–53% of prostate cancer patients can develop biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy, which poses difficulties in the clinical management of prostate cancer, and this is closely related to the release of exosomes from adipose tissue in the obese state. In this review, we summarize the crosstalk between prostate cancer peripheral adiposity and prostate cancer and discuss the potential role of exosomes in this process and the prospects for the use of adipose exosomes. Exosomes play an important role in the crosstalk between the two this may be a new basis to explain obesity as a biochemical recurrence after prostate cancer surgery and a potential avenue for future prostate therapy. Abstract The molecular mechanisms of obesity-induced cancer progression have been extensively explored because of the significant increase in obesity and obesity-related diseases worldwide. Studies have shown that obesity is associated with certain features of prostate cancer. In particular, bioactive factors released from periprostatic adipose tissues mediate the bidirectional communication between periprostatic adipose tissue and prostate cancer. Moreover, recent studies have shown that extracellular vesicles have a role in the relationship between tumor peripheral adipose tissue and cancer progression. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate the feedback mechanisms between prostate cancer and periglandular adipose and the role of exosomes as mediators of signal exchange to understand obesity as a risk factor for prostate cancer. This review summarizes the two-way communication between prostate cancer and periglandular adipose and discusses the potential role of exosomes as a cross-talk and the prospect of using adipose tissue as a means to obtain exosomes in vitro. Therefore, this review may provide new directions for the treatment of obesity to suppress prostate cancer.
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Wang Y, Zhu J, Chen J, Xu R, Groth T, Wan H, Zhou G. The Signaling Pathways Induced by Exosomes in Promoting Diabetic Wound Healing: A Mini-Review. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2022; 44:4960-4976. [PMID: 36286052 PMCID: PMC9600352 DOI: 10.3390/cimb44100337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Impaired healing of diabetic wounds harms patients' quality of life and even leads to disability and death, which is an urgent issue to be solved clinically. Despite the great progress that has been achieved, it remains a worldwide challenge to develop effective therapeutic treatments for diabetic wounds. Recently, exosomes have attracted special attention because they can be involved in immune response, antigen presentation, cell migration, cell differentiation, tumor invasion and other processes. Meanwhile, exosomes have been proven to hold great potential in the treatment of diabetic wounds. Mechanistic studies of exosomes based on signaling pathways could not only help to uncover the mechanisms by which exosomes promote diabetic wound healing but could also provide a theoretical basis for the clinical application of exosomes. Herein, our mini-review aims to summarize the progress of research on the use of various exosomes derived from different cell types to promote diabetic wound healing, with a focus on the classical signaling pathways, including PI3K/Akt, Wnt, NF-κB, MAPK, Notch, Nrf2, HIF-1α/VEGF and TGF-β/Smad. The results show that exosomes could regulate these signaling pathways to down-regulate inflammation, reduce oxidative stress, increase angiogenesis, promote fibroblast proliferation, induce re-epithelization and inhibit scar formation, making exosomes attractive candidates for the treatment of diabetic wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanying Wang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Jiayan Zhu
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Jing Chen
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Ruojiao Xu
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Thomas Groth
- Department Biomedical Materials, Institute of Pharmacy, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, D-06099 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Haitong Wan
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou 310053, China
- Correspondence: (H.W.); (G.Z.)
| | - Guoying Zhou
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou 310053, China
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou 310053, China
- Correspondence: (H.W.); (G.Z.)
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Liu G, Yin XM. The Role of Extracellular Vesicles in Liver Pathogenesis. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2022; 192:1358-1367. [PMID: 35752228 PMCID: PMC9552020 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2022.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are generated by cells in the form of exosomes, microvesicles, and apoptotic bodies. They can be taken up by neighboring cells, and their contents can have functional impact on the cells that engulf them. As the mediators of intercellular communication, EVs can play important roles in both physiological and pathologic contexts. In addition, early detection of EVs in different body fluids may offer a sensitive diagnostic tool for certain diseases, such as cancer. Furthermore, targeting specific EVs may also become a promising therapeutic approach. This review summarizes the latest findings of EVs in the field of liver research, with a focus on the different contents of the EVs and their impact on liver function and on the development of inflammation, fibrosis, and tumor in the liver. The goal of this review is to provide a succinct account of the various molecules that can mediate the function of EVs so the readers may apply this knowledge to their own research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Liu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Xiao-Ming Yin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana.
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Lee Y, Kim JH. The emerging roles of extracellular vesicles as intercellular messengers in liver physiology and pathology. Clin Mol Hepatol 2022; 28:706-724. [PMID: 35232008 PMCID: PMC9597227 DOI: 10.3350/cmh.2021.0390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane-enclosed particles released from almost all cell types. EVs mediate intercellular communication by delivering their surface and luminal cargoes, including nucleic acids, proteins, and lipids, which reflect the pathophysiological conditions of their cellular origins. Hepatocytes and hepatic non-parenchymal cells utilize EVs to regulate a wide spectrum of biological events inside the liver and transfer them to distant organs through systemic circulation. The liver also receives EVs from multiple organs and integrates these extrahepatic signals that participate in pathophysiological processes. EVs have recently attracted growing attention for their crucial roles in maintaining and regulating hepatic homeostasis. This review summarizes the roles of EVs in intrahepatic and interorgan communications under different pathophysiological conditions of the liver, with a focus on chronic liver diseases including nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, alcoholic hepatitis, viral hepatitis, liver fibrosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. This review also discusses recent progress for potential therapeutic applications of EVs by targeting or enhancing EV-mediated cellular communication for the treatment of liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youngseok Lee
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Regeneration, Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong-Hoon Kim
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Regeneration, Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Korea,Corresponding author : Jong-Hoon Kim Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Regeneration, Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Korea Tel: +82-2-3290-3007, Fax: +82-2-3290-3040, E-mail:
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Xie D, Qian B, Li X. Nucleic acids and proteins carried by exosomes from various sources: Potential role in liver diseases. Front Physiol 2022; 13:957036. [PMID: 36213232 PMCID: PMC9538374 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.957036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are extracellular membrane-encapsulated vesicles that are released into the extracellular space or biological fluids by many cell types through exocytosis. As a newly identified form of intercellular signal communication, exosomes mediate various pathological and physiological processes by exchanging various active substances between cells. The incidence and mortality of liver diseases is increasing worldwide. Therefore, we reviewed recent studies evaluating the role of exosomes from various sources in the diagnosis and treatment of liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danna Xie
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Baolin Qian
- Department of Hepatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xun Li
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Department of General Surgery, the First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Regenerative Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China
- Center for Cancer Prevention and Treatment, School of Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Gansu Provincial Institute of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Lanzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Xun Li,
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MSC-Derived exosomes suppress colorectal cancer cell proliferation and metastasis via miR-100/mTOR/miR-143 pathway. Int J Pharm 2022; 627:122214. [PMID: 36152993 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.122214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are mostly responsible for the therapeutic effects of MSCs. To show the therapeutic effects of the human bone marrow MSC-derived exosomes (MSC-Exos) on colorectal cancer (CRC) and explore the molecular cross-talks between them, CRC cells were treated with the MSC-Exos. We found that MSC-Exos were enriched with miR-100 and miR-143, which effectively downregulated mTOR, Cyclin D1, K-RAS, HK2 while upregulated p-27 expression. All these effects were reversed by concurrent treatment with MSC-Exos and antagomiR-100, confirming that they were caused by exosomal transfer of miR-100 into recipient CRC cells. Moreover, exosomal miR-100 promoted endogenous miR-143 expression. The flow cytometry, MTT and trypan blue assays revealed that MSC-Exos could efficiently suppress proliferation and induce apoptosis of the CRC cells. Furthermore, wound healing, transwell migration and invasion assays confirmed their inhibitory effects on the migration and invasiveness of SW480 cells. We further confirmed these effects by analyzing the expression levels of epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) factors and metastasis-related genes. Results showed that MSC-Exos significantly suppressed the expression of MMP2 and MMP9 (metastasis-related genes), SNAIL and TWIST (EMT-inducing transcription factors), Vimentin and N-cadherin (mesenchymal cell markers), whereas E-cadherin (epithelial cell marker) was remarkably up-regulated. Collectively, our data indicated that MSC-Exos could suppress proliferation, migration, invasion and metastasis while inducing the apoptosis of the CRC cells via miR-100/mTOR/miR-143 axis. Our findings highlight that MSC-Exo treatment as well as miR-100 restoration might be considered as potential therapeutic strategies for CRC.
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Yin X, Chen Y, Ruze R, Xu R, Song J, Wang C, Xu Q. The evolving view of thermogenic fat and its implications in cancer and metabolic diseases. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2022; 7:324. [PMID: 36114195 PMCID: PMC9481605 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-01178-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
AbstractThe incidence of metabolism-related diseases like obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus has reached pandemic levels worldwide and increased gradually. Most of them are listed on the table of high-risk factors for malignancy, and metabolic disorders systematically or locally contribute to cancer progression and poor prognosis of patients. Importantly, adipose tissue is fundamental to the occurrence and development of these metabolic disorders. White adipose tissue stores excessive energy, while thermogenic fat including brown and beige adipose tissue dissipates energy to generate heat. In addition to thermogenesis, beige and brown adipocytes also function as dynamic secretory cells and a metabolic sink of nutrients, like glucose, fatty acids, and amino acids. Accordingly, strategies that activate and expand thermogenic adipose tissue offer therapeutic promise to combat overweight, diabetes, and other metabolic disorders through increasing energy expenditure and enhancing glucose tolerance. With a better understanding of its origins and biological functions and the advances in imaging techniques detecting thermogenesis, the roles of thermogenic adipose tissue in tumors have been revealed gradually. On the one hand, enhanced browning of subcutaneous fatty tissue results in weight loss and cancer-associated cachexia. On the other hand, locally activated thermogenic adipocytes in the tumor microenvironment accelerate cancer progression by offering fuel sources and is likely to develop resistance to chemotherapy. Here, we enumerate current knowledge about the significant advances made in the origin and physiological functions of thermogenic fat. In addition, we discuss the multiple roles of thermogenic adipocytes in different tumors. Ultimately, we summarize imaging technologies for identifying thermogenic adipose tissue and pharmacologic agents via modulating thermogenesis in preclinical experiments and clinical trials.
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40
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Tao Q, Zhu K, Zhan Y, Zhang R, Lang Z, Yu Z, Wang M. Construction of a novel exosomes-related gene signature in hepatocellular carcinoma. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:997734. [PMID: 36105354 PMCID: PMC9465081 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.997734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Exosomes are extracellular vesicles between 40 and 150 nm in diameter and are cargoes for a wide range of small biological molecules. Recent studies have reported that lncRNAs, miRNAs, circRNAs in serum exosomes may serve as biomarkers to predict hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) prognosis. However, the prognostic values of exosomes-related mRNAs in HCC are still unclear.Methods: Data of HCC patients were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. The serum exosome sequencing data of HCC patients and healthy individuals were obtained from the exobase database. Univariate cox regression analysis was used to identify prognostic exosomes-related genes. LASSO and multivariate cox regression analyses were applied to construct prognostic signature.Results: 22 exosomes-related mRNAs differentially expressed between HCC tissues and normal tissues were identified. Then, 8 prognostic exosomes-related mRNAs were screened. Subsequently, G6PD and ADAMTS5, selected by LASSO and multivariate cox regression analyses, were used to construct a prognostic signature. The patients with high-risk scores had a poor prognosis in TCGA cohort as well as ICGC cohort. Notably, this prognostic signature was also validated in a local cohort collected from the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analyses indicated that the signature had a good performance in all the cohorts. The gene set enrichment analysis revealed that this signature was associated with cell cycle and metabolism pathways. Immune infiltration analysis indicated that the patients with high-risk scores had a higher M0 macrophages infiltration. The univariate and multivariate cox regression analyses identified that the risk score is an independent risk factor for HCC. In addition, a nomogram containing age, gender, stage and risk score was constructed to precisely predict HCC prognosis.Conclusion: In conclusion, we develop a novel exosomes-related gene signature that helps to predict HCC prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Meng Wang
- *Correspondence: Zhengping Yu, ; Meng Wang,
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Gongye X, Tian M, Xia P, Qu C, Chen Z, Wang J, Zhu Q, Li Z, Yuan Y. Multi-omics analysis revealed the role of extracellular vesicles in hepatobiliary & pancreatic tumor. J Control Release 2022; 350:11-25. [PMID: 35963466 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Liquid biopsy is rapidly growing into a hot research field due to its unique advantages of minimal invasiveness, and extracellular vesicle (EVs) are also expected to become an important pillar in the diagnostic technology system as a newly discovered active substance carrier. More and more research has highlighted the important contribution of EVs in the progress of tumor. Molecular changes during disease progression could be detected in EVs. However, the diagnostic applications of EVs are not generally understood. Combined with the characteristics of hepatobiliary and pancreatic tumor, we summarized the recent developments in various omics analysis of EVs. Furtherly, we explored the role of EVs in the early diagnosis of hepatobiliary and pancreatic tumors by multi-omics analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangdong Gongye
- Department of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, PR China; Clinical Medicine Research Center for Minimally Invasive Procedure of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases of Hubei Province, Hubei, PR China.
| | - Ming Tian
- Department of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, PR China; Clinical Medicine Research Center for Minimally Invasive Procedure of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases of Hubei Province, Hubei, PR China.
| | - Peng Xia
- Department of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, PR China; Clinical Medicine Research Center for Minimally Invasive Procedure of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases of Hubei Province, Hubei, PR China.
| | - Chengmin Qu
- Department of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, PR China; Clinical Medicine Research Center for Minimally Invasive Procedure of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases of Hubei Province, Hubei, PR China.
| | - Zhang Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, PR China; Clinical Medicine Research Center for Minimally Invasive Procedure of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases of Hubei Province, Hubei, PR China.
| | - Jigang Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, Guangdong 518020, PR China.
| | - Qian Zhu
- Department of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, PR China; Clinical Medicine Research Center for Minimally Invasive Procedure of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases of Hubei Province, Hubei, PR China.
| | - Zhijie Li
- Department of Geriatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, Guangdong 518020, PR China.
| | - Yufeng Yuan
- Department of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, PR China; Clinical Medicine Research Center for Minimally Invasive Procedure of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases of Hubei Province, Hubei, PR China.
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Liu C, Xiao K, Xie L. Advances in the use of exosomes for the treatment of ALI/ARDS. Front Immunol 2022; 13:971189. [PMID: 36016948 PMCID: PMC9396740 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.971189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI)/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a critical clinical syndrome with high morbidity and mortality. Currently, the primary treatment for ALI/ARDS is mainly symptomatic therapy such as mechanical ventilation and fluid management. Due to the lack of effective treatment strategies, most ALI/ARDS patients face a poor prognosis. The discovery of exosomes has created a promising prospect for the treatment of ALI/ARDS. Exosomes can exert anti-inflammatory effects, inhibit apoptosis, and promote cell regeneration. The microRNA contained in exosomes can participate in intercellular communication and play an immunomodulatory role in ALI/ARDS disease models. This review discusses the possible mechanisms of exosomes in ALI/ARDS to facilitate the development of innovative treatments for ALI/ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Liu
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- Center of Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine, Chinese People’s Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Medical School of Chinese People’s Liberation Army (PLA), Beijing, China
| | - Kun Xiao
- Center of Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine, Chinese People’s Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Medical School of Chinese People’s Liberation Army (PLA), Beijing, China
| | - Lixin Xie
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- Center of Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine, Chinese People’s Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Medical School of Chinese People’s Liberation Army (PLA), Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Lixin Xie,
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Yang S, Wang J, Wang S, Zhou A, Zhao G, Li P. Roles of small extracellular vesicles in the development, diagnosis and possible treatment strategies for hepatocellular carcinoma (Review). Int J Oncol 2022; 61:91. [PMID: 35674180 PMCID: PMC9262158 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2022.5381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common malignancy of hepatocytes accounting for 75-85% of primary hepatic carcinoma cases. Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs), previously known as exosomes with a diameter of 30-200 nm, can transport a variety of biological molecules between cells, and have been proposed to function in physiological and pathological processes. Recent studies have indicated that the cargos of sEVs are implicated in intercellular crosstalk among HCC cells, paratumor cells and the tumor microenvironment. sEV-encapsulated substances (including DNA, RNA, proteins and lipids) regulate signal transduction pathways in recipient cells and contribute to cancer initiation and progression in HCC. In addition, the differential expression of sEV cargos between patients facilitates the potential utility of sEVs in the diagnosis and prognosis of patients with HCC. Furthermore, the intrinsic properties of low immunogenicity and high stability render sEVs ideal vehicles for targeted drug delivery in the treatment of HCC. The present review article summarizes the carcinogenic and anti-neoplastic capacities of sEVs and discusses the potential and prospective diagnostic and therapeutic applications of sEVs in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyue Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Jiaxin Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Shidong Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Anni Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Guiping Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Peng Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
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Wang R, Liang Q, Zhang X, Di Z, Wang X, Di L. Tumor-derived exosomes reversing TMZ resistance by synergistic drug delivery for glioma-targeting treatment. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2022; 215:112505. [PMID: 35487070 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2022.112505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Temozolomide (TMZ), as the first-line chemotherapeutic agent, relies on inducing DNA methylation of O6-guanine for treating glioma. However, the survival time of patients are hardly exceeded 14.5 months, attributing to inevitable drug resistance and systematic toxicity after long-term administration. Herein, reassembly-exosomes (R-EXO) deriving from homologous glioma cells is proposed to carry TMZ and Dihydrotanshinone (DHT) for reversing drug resistance and enhancing lesions-targeted drug delivery, defined as R-EXO-TMZ/DHT (R-EXO-T/D). It is found that R-EXO-T/D share various advantages, including preferable blood-brain barrier (BBB)-penetrating ability with nanomemter size, tumor-homing accumulation with homologous effects, as well as potentiated antitumor activity with overcoming TMZ resistance and triggering immune response. This work develops a new strategy for site-specific drug delivery, showing a promising application of drug compatibility in glioma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruoning Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Provincial TCM Engineering Technology Research Center of High Efficient Drug Delivery System, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Qifan Liang
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Provincial TCM Engineering Technology Research Center of High Efficient Drug Delivery System, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xinru Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Provincial TCM Engineering Technology Research Center of High Efficient Drug Delivery System, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Zhenning Di
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Provincial TCM Engineering Technology Research Center of High Efficient Drug Delivery System, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xiaohong Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Provincial TCM Engineering Technology Research Center of High Efficient Drug Delivery System, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Liuqing Di
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Provincial TCM Engineering Technology Research Center of High Efficient Drug Delivery System, Nanjing 210023, China
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Wang H, Yu L, Huang P, Zhou Y, Zheng W, Meng N, He R, Xu Y, Keong TS, Cui Y. Tumor-associated Exosomes Are Involved in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Tumorigenesis, Diagnosis, and Treatment. J Clin Transl Hepatol 2022; 10:496-508. [PMID: 35836772 PMCID: PMC9240252 DOI: 10.14218/jcth.2021.00425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has become a challenging disease worldwide. There are still limitations in the diagnosis and treatment of HCC, and its high metastatic capacity and high recurrence rate are the main reasons for its poor prognosis. The ability of extracellular vesicles (EVs) to transfer functionally-active substances and their widespread presence in almost all body fluids suggest their unprecedented potential in the study of various cancers. The unique physicochemical properties of EVs determine their potential as antitumor vaccines and drug carriers. In the last decade, the study of EVs in HCC has evolved from a single hot topic to a system with considerable scale. This paper summarizes the role of EVs, especially exosomes, in the occurrence, metastasis and tumor immunity of HCC, reviews their applications in tumor diagnosis, prognosis and treatment, describes the pros and cons of these studies, and looks forward towards the future research directions of EVs in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Wang
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Harbin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Liang Yu
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Harbin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- Department of Pathology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Peng Huang
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Harbin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yongxu Zhou
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Harbin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Wangyang Zheng
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Harbin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Nanfeng Meng
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Harbin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Risheng He
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yi Xu
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Harbin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- Department of Pathology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Correspondence to: Yunfu Cui and Yi Xu, Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 246, Xuefu Road, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, China. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7393-1680 (YC), https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2720-0005 (YX). Tel: +86-451-86605113, Fax: +86-451-86605356, E-mail: (YC) or (YX); Tey Sze Keong, Department of Pathology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China. Tel: +852-22552706, Fax: +852-28725197, E-mail:
| | - Tey Sze Keong
- Department of Pathology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Correspondence to: Yunfu Cui and Yi Xu, Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 246, Xuefu Road, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, China. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7393-1680 (YC), https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2720-0005 (YX). Tel: +86-451-86605113, Fax: +86-451-86605356, E-mail: (YC) or (YX); Tey Sze Keong, Department of Pathology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China. Tel: +852-22552706, Fax: +852-28725197, E-mail:
| | - Yunfu Cui
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- Correspondence to: Yunfu Cui and Yi Xu, Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 246, Xuefu Road, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, China. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7393-1680 (YC), https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2720-0005 (YX). Tel: +86-451-86605113, Fax: +86-451-86605356, E-mail: (YC) or (YX); Tey Sze Keong, Department of Pathology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China. Tel: +852-22552706, Fax: +852-28725197, E-mail:
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Zhang B, Zhao J, Jiang M, Peng D, Dou X, Song Y, Shi J. The Potential Role of Gut Microbial-Derived Exosomes in Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease: Implications for Treatment. Front Immunol 2022; 13:893617. [PMID: 35634340 PMCID: PMC9131825 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.893617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence and incidence of metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), a clinically heterogeneous disease whose primary clinical therapies include dietary control and exercise therapy, is increasing worldwide and constitutes a significant medical burden. Gut microbes influence the physiopathological processes of the liver through different mechanisms based on the gut-liver axis. Exosomes are essential carriers of intercellular communication. Most previous studies have focused on adipocyte- and hepatocyte-derived exosomes, while the critical role of microbial-derived exosomes and the molecular mechanisms behind them in MAFLD have received little attention. Therefore, we searched and screened the latest relevant studies in the PubMeb database to elucidate the link between microbial-derived exosomes and the pathogenesis of MAFLD, mainly in terms of insulin resistance, intestinal barrier, inflammatory response, lipid metabolism, and liver fibrosis. The aim was to provide a theoretical framework and support for clinical protocols and innovative drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binbin Zhang
- Department of Translational Medicine Platform, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianan Zhao
- Guanghua Clinical Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Arthritis Research in Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Minjie Jiang
- Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dandan Peng
- Department of Translational Medicine Platform, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaobing Dou
- Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yu Song
- Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Junping Shi
- Department of Translational Medicine Platform, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Infectious & Hepatology Diseases, Metabolic Disease Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
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Zhao J, Hu L, Gui W, Xiao L, Wang W, Xia J, Fan H, Li Z, Zhu Q, Hou X, Chu H, Seki E, Yang L. Hepatocyte TGF-β Signaling Inhibiting WAT Browning to Promote NAFLD and Obesity Is Associated With Let-7b-5p. Hepatol Commun 2022; 6:1301-1321. [PMID: 35018737 PMCID: PMC9134819 DOI: 10.1002/hep4.1892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) signaling in hepatocytes promotes steatosis and body weight gain. However, processes that TGF-β signaling in hepatocytes promote pathological body weight gain in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are incompletely understood. Obesity and NAFLD were induced by 16 weeks of feeding a high-fat diet (HFD) in hepatocyte-specific TGF-β receptor II-deficient (Tgfbr2ΔHEP ) and Tgfbr2flox/flox mice. In addition, browning of white adipose tissue (WAT) was induced by administration of CL-316,243 (a β3-adrenergic agonist) or cold exposure for 7 days. Compared with Tgfbr2 flox/flox mice, Tgfbr2ΔHEP mice were resistant to steatosis and obesity. The metabolic changes in Tgfbr2ΔHEP mice were due to the increase of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation in the liver and white-to-beige fat conversion. A further mechanistic study revealed that exosomal let-7b-5p derived from hepatocytes was robustly elevated after stimulation with palmitic acid and TGF-β. Indeed, let-7b-5p levels were low in the liver, serum exosomes, inguinal WAT, and epididymal WAT in HFD-fed Tgfbr2ΔHEP mice. Moreover, 3T3-L1 cells internalized hepatocyte-derived exosomes. An in vitro experiment demonstrated that let-7b-5p overexpression increased hepatocyte fatty acid transport and inhibited adipocyte-like cell thermogenesis, whereas let-7b-5p inhibitor exerted the opposite effects. Conclusion: Hepatocyte TGF-β-let-7b-5p signaling promotes HFD-induced steatosis and obesity by reducing mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and suppressing white-to-beige fat conversion. This effect of hepatocyte TGF-β signaling in metabolism is partially associated with exosomal let-7b-5p.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinfang Zhao
- Division of GastroenterologyUnion HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Lilin Hu
- Division of GastroenterologyUnion HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Wenfang Gui
- Division of GastroenterologyUnion HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Li Xiao
- Division of GastroenterologyUnion HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Weijun Wang
- Division of GastroenterologyUnion HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Jing Xia
- Division of GastroenterologyUnion HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Huiqian Fan
- Division of GastroenterologyUnion HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Zhonglin Li
- Division of GastroenterologyUnion HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | | | - Xiaohua Hou
- Division of GastroenterologyUnion HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Huikuan Chu
- Division of GastroenterologyUnion HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Ekihiro Seki
- Karsh Division of Gastroenterology and HepatologyCedars-Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCAUSA
| | - Ling Yang
- Division of GastroenterologyUnion HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
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Targeting of the Peritumoral Adipose Tissue Microenvironment as an Innovative Antitumor Therapeutic Strategy. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12050702. [PMID: 35625629 PMCID: PMC9138344 DOI: 10.3390/biom12050702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a key role in promoting and sustaining cancer growth. Adipose tissue (AT), due to its anatomical distribution, is a prevalent component of TME, and contributes to cancer development and progression. Cancer-associated adipocytes (CAAs), reprogrammed by cancer stem cells (CSCs), drive cancer progression by releasing metabolites and inflammatory adipokines. In this review, we highlight the mechanisms underlying the bidirectional crosstalk among CAAs, CSCs, and stromal cells. Moreover, we focus on the recent advances in the therapeutic targeting of adipocyte-released factors as an innovative strategy to counteract cancer progression.
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49
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Role of Exosomes in Chronic Liver Disease Development and Their Potential Clinical Applications. J Immunol Res 2022; 2022:1695802. [PMID: 35571570 PMCID: PMC9106457 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1695802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are vesicular bodies (40-1000 nm) with double-layer membrane structures released by different cell types into extracellular environments, including apoptosis bodies, microvesicles, and exosomes. Exosomes (30-100 nm) are vesicles enclosed by extracellular membrane and contain effective molecules of secretory cells. They are derived from intracellular multivesicular bodies (MVBs) that fuse with the plasma membrane and release their intracellular vesicles by exocytosis. Research has shown that almost all human cells could secrete exosomes, which have a certain relationship with corresponding diseases. In chronic liver diseases, exosomes release a variety of bioactive components into extracellular spaces, mediating intercellular signal transduction and materials transport. Moreover, exosomes play a role in the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of various chronic liver diseases as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Previous studies have found that mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (MSC-ex) could alleviate acute and chronic liver injury and have the advantages of high biocompatibility and low immunogenicity. In this paper, we briefly summarize the role of exosomes in the pathogenesis of different chronic liver diseases and the latest research progresses of MSC-ex as the clinical therapeutic targets.
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Yu B, Zhou S, Long D, Ning Y, Yao H, Zhou E, Wang Y. DDX55 promotes HCC progression via interacting with BRD4 and participating in exosome-mediated cell-cell communication. Cancer Sci 2022; 113:3002-3017. [PMID: 35514200 PMCID: PMC9459289 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The involvement of DEAD‐box helicase 55 (DDX55) in oncogenesis has been suggested, but its biological role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains unknown. The present study verified the upregulation of DDX55 in HCC tissues compared with non‐tumor controls. DDX55 displayed the highest prognostic values among the DEAD‐box protein family for recurrence‐free survival and overall survival of HCC patients. In addition, the effects of DDX55 in the promotion of HCC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion were determined ex vivo and in vivo. Mechanistically, we revealed that DDX55 could interact with BRD4 to form a transcriptional regulatory complex that positively regulated PIK3CA transcription. Following that, β‐catenin signaling was activated in a PI3K/Akt/GSK‐3β dependent manner, thus inducing cell cycle progression and epithelial–mesenchymal transition. Intriguingly, both DDX55 mRNA and protein were identified in the exosomes derived from HCC cells. Exosomal DDX55 was implicated in intercellular communication between HCC cells with high or low DDX55 levels and between HCC cells and endothelial cells, thereby promoting the malignant phenotype of HCC cells and angiogenesis. In conclusion, DDX55 may be a valuable prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Yu
- Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Institute of Hepatobiliary Diseases of Wuhan University, Transplant Center of Wuhan University, National Quality Control Center for Donated Organ Procurement, Hubei Key Laboratory of Medical Technology on Transplantation, Hubei Clinical Research Center for Natural Polymer Biological Liver, Engineering Center of Natural Polymer-based Medical Materials, Hubei, Wuhan, China
| | - Shujun Zhou
- Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Institute of Hepatobiliary Diseases of Wuhan University, Transplant Center of Wuhan University, National Quality Control Center for Donated Organ Procurement, Hubei Key Laboratory of Medical Technology on Transplantation, Hubei Clinical Research Center for Natural Polymer Biological Liver, Engineering Center of Natural Polymer-based Medical Materials, Hubei, Wuhan, China
| | - Dakun Long
- Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Institute of Hepatobiliary Diseases of Wuhan University, Transplant Center of Wuhan University, National Quality Control Center for Donated Organ Procurement, Hubei Key Laboratory of Medical Technology on Transplantation, Hubei Clinical Research Center for Natural Polymer Biological Liver, Engineering Center of Natural Polymer-based Medical Materials, Hubei, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuxiang Ning
- Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Institute of Hepatobiliary Diseases of Wuhan University, Transplant Center of Wuhan University, National Quality Control Center for Donated Organ Procurement, Hubei Key Laboratory of Medical Technology on Transplantation, Hubei Clinical Research Center for Natural Polymer Biological Liver, Engineering Center of Natural Polymer-based Medical Materials, Hubei, Wuhan, China
| | - Hanlin Yao
- Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Institute of Hepatobiliary Diseases of Wuhan University, Transplant Center of Wuhan University, National Quality Control Center for Donated Organ Procurement, Hubei Key Laboratory of Medical Technology on Transplantation, Hubei Clinical Research Center for Natural Polymer Biological Liver, Engineering Center of Natural Polymer-based Medical Materials, Hubei, Wuhan, China
| | - Encheng Zhou
- Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Institute of Hepatobiliary Diseases of Wuhan University, Transplant Center of Wuhan University, National Quality Control Center for Donated Organ Procurement, Hubei Key Laboratory of Medical Technology on Transplantation, Hubei Clinical Research Center for Natural Polymer Biological Liver, Engineering Center of Natural Polymer-based Medical Materials, Hubei, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanfeng Wang
- Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Institute of Hepatobiliary Diseases of Wuhan University, Transplant Center of Wuhan University, National Quality Control Center for Donated Organ Procurement, Hubei Key Laboratory of Medical Technology on Transplantation, Hubei Clinical Research Center for Natural Polymer Biological Liver, Engineering Center of Natural Polymer-based Medical Materials, Hubei, Wuhan, China
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