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Chen Y, Fan X, Lu R, Zeng S, Gan P. PARP inhibitor and immune checkpoint inhibitor have synergism efficacy in gallbladder cancer. Genes Immun 2024; 25:307-316. [PMID: 38866965 DOI: 10.1038/s41435-024-00280-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is an aggressive cancer with poor prognosis. PARP inhibitors (PARPi) target PARP enzymes and have shown efficacy in patients with breast cancer gene (BRCA) mutations. Immunotherapy, especially immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), has transformed cancer treatment. However, the combined impact of PARPi and ICIs in GBC remains unclear. We present a groundbreaking case of a GBC patient with BRCA2 mutations who received combination therapy with PARPi and ICIs after failing multiple lines of treatment. Next-generation sequencing (NGS-Seq) identified BRCA gene mutations. To further investigate potential mechanisms, we developed a PARP1-BRCA1-BRCA2 pathway-related risk score (PBscore) system to evaluate the impact of PARPi on the tumor immune microenvironment via RNA-Seq data. Gene expression and functional analysis identified potential mechanisms associated with the PBscore. Experimental validation assessed the impact of the combination therapy on the tumor microenvironment using multiplexed immunofluorescence imaging and immunohistochemistry in patients with BRCA gene wild type or mutations. RNA-Seq analysis revealed correlations between PBscore, immune checkpoint levels, tumor-infiltrating immune cells (TIICs), and the cancer-immunity cycle. Multiplexed immunofluorescence imaging validated that low PBscore patients might have an active tumor microenvironment. Furthermore, upon drug resistance, we observed an upregulation of negative immune checkpoints such as CEACAM1, indicating that the tumor immune microenvironment becomes suppressed after resistance. Our study revealed that PBscore could serve as a biomarker to predict immunotherapy efficacy, offering a promising alternative for BRCA2-mutated GBC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Chen
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Xudong Fan
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Ruohuang Lu
- Department of Stomatology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Shan Zeng
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Pingping Gan
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
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2
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Huang G, Cai X, Li D. Significance of targeting DNMT3A mutations in AML. Ann Hematol 2024:10.1007/s00277-024-05885-8. [PMID: 39078434 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-024-05885-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024]
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is the most prevalent form of leukemia among adults, characterized by aggressive behavior and significant genetic diversity. Despite decades of reliance on conventional chemotherapy as the mainstay treatment, patients often struggle with achieving remission, experience rapid relapses, and have limited survival prospects. While intensified induction chemotherapy and allogeneic stem cell transplantation have enhanced patient outcomes, these benefits are largely confined to younger AML patients capable of tolerating intensive treatments. DNMT3A, a crucial enzyme responsible for establishing de novo DNA methylation, plays a pivotal role in maintaining the delicate balance between hematopoietic stem cell differentiation and self-renewal, thereby influencing gene expression programs through epigenetic regulation. DNMT3A mutations are the most frequently observed genetic abnormalities in AML, predominantly in older patients, occurring in approximately 20-30% of adult AML cases and over 30% of AML with a normal karyotype. Consequently, the molecular underpinnings and potential therapeutic targets of DNMT3A mutations in AML are currently being thoroughly investigated. This article provides a comprehensive summary and the latest insights into the structure and function of DNMT3A, examines the impact of DNMT3A mutations on the progression and prognosis of AML, and explores potential therapeutic approaches for AML patients harboring DNMT3A mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guiqin Huang
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoya Cai
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Dengju Li
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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3
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Zhang F, Sun J, Zhang L, Li R, Wang Y, Geng H, Shen C, Li L, Chen L. PARP inhibition leads to synthetic lethality with key splicing-factor mutations in myelodysplastic syndromes. Br J Cancer 2024; 131:231-242. [PMID: 38806724 PMCID: PMC11263539 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-024-02729-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Splicing factors are frequently mutated in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes and acute myeloid leukaemia. Recent studies have revealed convergent molecular defects caused by splicing factor mutations, among which R-loop dysregulation and resultant genome instability are suggested as contributing factors to disease progression. On the other hand, understanding how mutant cells survive upon aberrant R-loop formation and genome instability is essential for developing novel therapeutics. METHODS The immunoprecipitation was performed to identify R-loops in association with PARP1/poly-ADP-ribosylation. The western blot, immunofluorescence, and flow cytometry assays were used to test the cell viability, cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, and ATM activation in mutant cells following the treatment of the PARP inhibitor. The Srsf2(P95H) knock-in murine hematopoietic cells and MLL-AF9 transformed leukaemia model were generated to investigate the potential of the PARP inhibitor as a therapy for haematological malignancies. RESULTS The disease-causing mutations in SRSF2 activate PARP and elevate the overall poly-ADP-ribosylation levels of proteins in response to R-loop dysregulation. In accordance, mutant cells are more vulnerable to the PARP inhibitors in comparison to the wild-type counterpart. Notably, the synthetic lethality was further validated in the Srsf2(P95H) knock-in murine hematopoietic cell and MLL-AF9 leukaemia model. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that mutant cells antagonise the genome threat caused by R-loop disruption by PARP activation, thus making PARP targeting a promising therapeutic strategy for myeloid cancers with mutations in SRSF2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangliang Zhang
- RNA Institute, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jianai Sun
- Department of Hematological Malignancies Translational Science, Gehr Family Center for Leukemia Research, Hematologic Malignancies and Stem Cell Transplantation Institute, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Hematological Malignancies Translational Science, Gehr Family Center for Leukemia Research, Hematologic Malignancies and Stem Cell Transplantation Institute, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Ruiqi Li
- RNA Institute, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanzhen Wang
- RNA Institute, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Huichao Geng
- RNA Institute, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chao Shen
- RNA Institute, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ling Li
- Department of Hematological Malignancies Translational Science, Gehr Family Center for Leukemia Research, Hematologic Malignancies and Stem Cell Transplantation Institute, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA.
| | - Liang Chen
- RNA Institute, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
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4
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Wu HL, Zhou HX, Chen LM, Wang SS. Metronomic chemotherapy in cancer treatment: new wine in an old bottle. Theranostics 2024; 14:3548-3564. [PMID: 38948068 PMCID: PMC11209710 DOI: 10.7150/thno.95619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Over the past two decades, metronomic chemotherapy has gained considerable attention and has demonstrated remarkable success in the treatment of cancer. Through chronic administration and low-dose regimens, metronomic chemotherapy is associated with fewer adverse events but still effectively induces disease control. The identification of its antiangiogenic properties, direct impact on cancer cells, immunomodulatory effects on the tumour microenvironment, and metabolic reprogramming ability has established the intrinsic multitargeted nature of this therapeutic approach. Recently, the utilization of metronomic chemotherapy has evolved from salvage treatment for metastatic disease to adjuvant maintenance therapy for high-risk cancer patients, which has been prompted by the success of several substantial phase III trials. In this review, we delve into the mechanisms underlying the antitumour effects of metronomic chemotherapy and provide insights into potential combinations with other therapies for the treatment of various malignancies. Additionally, we discuss health-economic advantages and candidates for the utilization of this treatment option.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Shu-sen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou 510060, China
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5
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Sriramulu S, Thoidingjam S, Siddiqui F, Brown SL, Movsas B, Walker E, Nyati S. BUB1 Inhibition Sensitizes TNBC Cell Lines to Chemotherapy and Radiotherapy. Biomolecules 2024; 14:625. [PMID: 38927028 PMCID: PMC11202206 DOI: 10.3390/biom14060625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BUB1 is overexpressed in most human solid cancers, including breast cancer. Higher BUB1 levels are associated with a poor prognosis, especially in patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Women with TNBC often develop resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy, which are still the mainstay of treatment for TNBC. Our previous studies demonstrated that a BUB1 kinase inhibitor (BAY1816032) reduced tumor cell proliferation and significantly enhanced radiotherapy efficacy in TNBC. In this study, we evaluated the effectiveness of BAY1816032 with a PARP inhibitor (olaparib), platinum agent (cisplatin), and microtubule poison (paclitaxel) alone or in combination with radiotherapy using cytotoxicity and clonogenic survival assays. BUB1 inhibitors sensitized BRCA1/2 wild-type SUM159 and MDA-MB-231 cells to olaparib, cisplatin, and paclitaxel synergistically (combination index; CI < 1). BAY1816032 significantly increased the radiation sensitization of SUM159 and MDA-MB-231 by olaparib, cisplatin, or paclitaxel at non-toxic concentrations (doses well below the IC50 concentrations). Importantly, the small molecular inhibitor of BUB1 synergistically (CI < 1) sensitized the BRCA mutant TNBC cell line HCC1937 to olaparib. Furthermore, the BUB1 inhibitor significantly increased the radiation enhancement ratio (rER) in HCC1937 cells (rER 1.34) compared to either agent alone (BUB1i rER 1.19; PARPi rER 1.04). The data presented here are significant as they provide proof that inhibition of BUB1 kinase activity sensitizes TNBC cell lines to a PARP inhibitor and radiation, irrespective of BRCA1/2 mutation status. Due to the ability of the BUB1 inhibitor to sensitize TNBC to different classes of drugs (platinum, PARPi, microtubule depolarization inhibitors), this work strongly supports the role of BUB1 as a novel molecular target to improve chemoradiation efficacy in TNBC and provides a rationale for the clinical evaluation of BAY1816032 as a chemosensitizer and chemoradiosensitizer in TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushmitha Sriramulu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Henry Ford Cancer Institute, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
| | - Shivani Thoidingjam
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Henry Ford Cancer Institute, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
| | - Farzan Siddiqui
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Henry Ford Cancer Institute, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
- Henry Ford Health + Michigan State University Health Sciences, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
- Department of Radiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Stephen L. Brown
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Henry Ford Cancer Institute, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
- Henry Ford Health + Michigan State University Health Sciences, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
- Department of Radiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Benjamin Movsas
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Henry Ford Cancer Institute, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
- Henry Ford Health + Michigan State University Health Sciences, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
- Department of Radiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Eleanor Walker
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Henry Ford Cancer Institute, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
- Henry Ford Health + Michigan State University Health Sciences, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
- Department of Radiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Shyam Nyati
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Henry Ford Cancer Institute, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
- Henry Ford Health + Michigan State University Health Sciences, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
- Department of Radiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
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6
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Zhao W, Mo M, Yu J, Cheng S, Long G, Luo Z, Liang W, Yan C, Luo H, Sun B. A novel α,β-unsaturated ketone inhibits leukemia cell growth as PARP1 inhibitor. Med Oncol 2024; 41:113. [PMID: 38602586 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-024-02324-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Leukemia is a malignant disease of the hematopoietic system, in which clonal leukemia cells accumulate and inhibit normal hematopoiesis in the bone marrow and other hematopoietic tissues as a result of uncontrolled proliferation and impaired apoptosis, among other mechanisms. In this study, the anti-leukemic effect of a compound (SGP-17-S) extracted from Chloranthus multistachys, a plant with anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and anti-tumor effects, was evaluated. The effect of SGP-17-S on the viability of leukemic cell was demonstrated by MTT assay, cell cycle, and apoptosis were assessed by flow cytometry using PI staining and Annexin V/PI double staining. Combinations of network pharmacology and cellular thermal shift assay (CETSA) with western blot were used to validate agents that act on leukemia targets. The results showed that SGP-17-S inhibited the growth of leukemia cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner. SGP-17-S blocked HEL cells in the G2 phase, induced apoptosis, decreased Bcl-2 and caspase-8 protein expression, and increased Bax and caspase-3 expression. In addition, CETSA revealed that PARP1 is an important target gene for the inhibition of HEL cell growth, and SGP-17-S exerted its action on leukemia cells by targeting PARP1. Therefore, this study might provide new solutions and ideas for the treatment of leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijia Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Human Brain Bank for Functions and Diseases of Department of Education of Guizhou Province, College of Basic Medical, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, China
| | - Min Mo
- Key Laboratory of Human Brain Bank for Functions and Diseases of Department of Education of Guizhou Province, College of Basic Medical, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, China
| | - Jia Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, China
- Guizhou Provincial Engineering Research Center for Natural Drugs, Guiyang, 550014, China
| | - Sha Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, China
- Guizhou Provincial Engineering Research Center for Natural Drugs, Guiyang, 550014, China
| | - Guiping Long
- GuiZhou KingMed Center for Clinical Laboratory Co., Ltd, Guiyang, 550014, China
| | - Zhiqiong Luo
- Key Laboratory of Human Brain Bank for Functions and Diseases of Department of Education of Guizhou Province, College of Basic Medical, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, China
| | - Wei Liang
- Department of Pharmacy, An Shun City People's Hospital, Anshun, 561000, China
| | - Chen Yan
- Department of Pharmacy, An Shun City People's Hospital, Anshun, 561000, China.
| | - Heng Luo
- Key Laboratory of Human Brain Bank for Functions and Diseases of Department of Education of Guizhou Province, College of Basic Medical, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, China.
- Guizhou Provincial Engineering Research Center for Natural Drugs, Guiyang, 550014, China.
| | - Baofei Sun
- Key Laboratory of Human Brain Bank for Functions and Diseases of Department of Education of Guizhou Province, College of Basic Medical, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
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Yao F, Zhong F, Jiang J, Cheng Y, Xu S, Liu J, Lin J, Zhang J, Li S, Li M, Xu Y, Huang B, Wang X. The m 6A regulator KIAA1429 stabilizes RAB27B mRNA and promotes the progression of chronic myeloid leukemia and resistance to targeted therapy. Genes Dis 2024; 11:993-1008. [PMID: 37692484 PMCID: PMC10491918 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2023.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a common adult leukemia. Both the acute phase of the disease and the adverse effects of anti-cancer treatments can lead to a poor prognosis. The N6-methyladenine (m6A) modification plays an important regulatory role in various physiological and pathological processes. KIAA1429 is a known m6A regulator, but the biological role of KIAA1429 in CML is unclear. In this study, we observed that the m6A levels and KIAA1429 expression were significantly up-regulated in patients with blast phase CML. Notably, KIAA1429 regulated the total level of RNA m6A modification in the CML cells and promoted the malignant biological behaviors of CML cells, including proliferation, migration, and imatinib resistance. Inhibiting KIAA1429 in CML cells reduced the stability of RAB27B mRNA through the m6A/YTHDF1 axis, consequently inhibiting CML proliferation and drug efflux, ultimately increasing the sensitivity of CML cells to imatinib. Moreover, the knockdown of RAB27B also inhibited the proliferation and drug resistance of CML cells and promoted their apoptosis. Rucaparib, a recently developed anti-cancer agent, suppressed the expression of KIAA1429 and CML cell proliferation and promoted cell apoptosis. Rucaparib also inhibited the tumorigenesis of CML cells in vivo. The combined use of rucaparib and imatinib enhanced the sensitivity of CML cells to imatinib. Our study provides evidence that elevated KIAA1429 expression in the blast phase of CML enhances the stability of RAB27B mRNA through the m6A/YTHDF1 axis to up-regulate RAB27B expression, thereby promoting CML progression. Rucaparib exerts inhibitory effects on KIAA1429 expression and thus reduces CML progression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Junyao Jiang
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Jiangxi Provincial Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Ying Cheng
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Jiangxi Provincial Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Shuai Xu
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Jiangxi Provincial Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Jiangxi Provincial Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Jin Lin
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Jiangxi Provincial Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Jiangxi Provincial Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Shuqi Li
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Jiangxi Provincial Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Meiyong Li
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Jiangxi Provincial Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Yanmei Xu
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Jiangxi Provincial Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Bo Huang
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Jiangxi Provincial Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Xiaozhong Wang
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Jiangxi Provincial Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
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8
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Cai HQ, Zhang LY, Fu LM, Xu B, Jiao Y. Mutational landscape of TP53 and CDH1 in gastric cancer. World J Gastrointest Surg 2024; 16:276-283. [PMID: 38463349 PMCID: PMC10921187 DOI: 10.4240/wjgs.v16.i2.276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
In this editorial we comment on an article published in a recent issue of the World J Gastrointest Surg. A common gene mutation in gastric cancer (GC) is the TP53 mutation. As a tumor suppressor gene, TP53 is implicated in more than half of all tumor occurrences. TP53 gene mutations in GC tissue may be related with clinical pathological aspects. The TP53 mutation arose late in the progression of GC and aided in the final switch to malignancy. CDH1 encodes E-cadherin, which is involved in cell-to-cell adhesion, epithelial structure maintenance, cell polarity, differentiation, and intracellular signaling pathway modulation. CDH1 mutations and functional loss can result in diffuse GC, and CDH1 mutations can serve as independent prognostic indicators for poor prognosis. GC patients can benefit from genetic counseling and testing for CDH1 mutations. Demethylation therapy may assist to postpone the onset and progression of GC. The investigation of TP53 and CDH1 gene mutations in GC allows for the investigation of the relationship between these two gene mutations, as well as providing some basis for evaluating the prognosis of GC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Qiao Cai
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, General Surgery Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin Province, China
| | - Li-Yue Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin Province, China
| | - Li-Ming Fu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin Province, China
| | - Bin Xu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin Province, China
| | - Yan Jiao
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, General Surgery Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin Province, China
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9
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Yu X, Li Y, Yang P, Wang Y, Liu X, Cai L, Lai J, Zhang Y, Zha X, Przybylski GK, Xu L, Li Y. BCL11B promotes T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia cell survival via the XRCC5/C11ORF21 axis. Clin Transl Med 2024; 14:e1580. [PMID: 38317587 PMCID: PMC10844840 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.1580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xibao Yu
- The First Affiliated Hospital and Institute of Hematology, School of MedicineJinan UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of EducationJinan UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
- Guangzhou Municipality Tianhe Nuoya Bio‐Engineering Co. Ltd., Guangzhou 510663GuangdongChina
| | - Yuchen Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital and Institute of Hematology, School of MedicineJinan UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of EducationJinan UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
| | - Pengyue Yang
- The First Affiliated Hospital and Institute of Hematology, School of MedicineJinan UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of EducationJinan UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
| | - Yan Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital and Institute of Hematology, School of MedicineJinan UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of EducationJinan UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
| | - Xuan Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital and Institute of Hematology, School of MedicineJinan UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of EducationJinan UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
| | - Letong Cai
- The First Affiliated Hospital and Institute of Hematology, School of MedicineJinan UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of EducationJinan UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
| | - Jing Lai
- The First Affiliated Hospital and Institute of Hematology, School of MedicineJinan UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
| | - Yue Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital and Institute of Hematology, School of MedicineJinan UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
| | - Xianfeng Zha
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, First Affiliated HospitalJinan UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
| | | | - Ling Xu
- The First Affiliated Hospital and Institute of Hematology, School of MedicineJinan UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of EducationJinan UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
| | - Yangqiu Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital and Institute of Hematology, School of MedicineJinan UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of EducationJinan UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
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10
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Arai H, Matsui H, Chi S, Utsu Y, Masuda S, Aotsuka N, Minami Y. Germline Variants and Characteristic Features of Hereditary Hematological Malignancy Syndrome. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:652. [PMID: 38203823 PMCID: PMC10779750 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Due to the proliferation of genetic testing, pathogenic germline variants predisposing to hereditary hematological malignancy syndrome (HHMS) have been identified in an increasing number of genes. Consequently, the field of HHMS is gaining recognition among clinicians and scientists worldwide. Patients with germline genetic abnormalities often have poor outcomes and are candidates for allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). However, HSCT using blood from a related donor should be carefully considered because of the risk that the patient may inherit a pathogenic variant. At present, we now face the challenge of incorporating these advances into clinical practice for patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) or acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and optimizing the management and surveillance of patients and asymptomatic carriers, with the limitation that evidence-based guidelines are often inadequate. The 2016 revision of the WHO classification added a new section on myeloid malignant neoplasms, including MDS and AML with germline predisposition. The main syndromes can be classified into three groups. Those without pre-existing disease or organ dysfunction; DDX41, TP53, CEBPA, those with pre-existing platelet disorders; ANKRD26, ETV6, RUNX1, and those with other organ dysfunctions; SAMD9/SAMD9L, GATA2, and inherited bone marrow failure syndromes. In this review, we will outline the role of the genes involved in HHMS in order to clarify our understanding of HHMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hironori Arai
- Department of Hematology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa 277-8577, Japan; (H.A.); (S.C.)
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Japanese Red Cross Narita Hospital, Iidacho, Narita 286-0041, Japan; (Y.U.); (S.M.); (N.A.)
| | - Hirotaka Matsui
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tsukiji, Chuoku 104-0045, Japan;
- Department of Medical Oncology and Translational Research, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8665, Japan
| | - SungGi Chi
- Department of Hematology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa 277-8577, Japan; (H.A.); (S.C.)
| | - Yoshikazu Utsu
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Japanese Red Cross Narita Hospital, Iidacho, Narita 286-0041, Japan; (Y.U.); (S.M.); (N.A.)
| | - Shinichi Masuda
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Japanese Red Cross Narita Hospital, Iidacho, Narita 286-0041, Japan; (Y.U.); (S.M.); (N.A.)
| | - Nobuyuki Aotsuka
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Japanese Red Cross Narita Hospital, Iidacho, Narita 286-0041, Japan; (Y.U.); (S.M.); (N.A.)
| | - Yosuke Minami
- Department of Hematology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa 277-8577, Japan; (H.A.); (S.C.)
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11
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Wu F, Xu G, Li G, Yin Z, Shen H, Ye K, Zhu Y, Zhang Q, Ou R, Liu S. A prognostic model based on prognosis-related ferroptosis genes for patients with acute myeloid leukemia. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 10:1281141. [PMID: 38161382 PMCID: PMC10754970 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1281141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a heterogeneous disorder with an unpredictable prognosis. Ferroptosis, the iron-dependent cell death program, could serve as an alternative for overcoming drug resistance. However, its effect on AML remains largely unclear. Methods: We collected RNA sequencing data and relevant clinical information of AML patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas to construct a prognosis prediction model. Risk score was calculated with eight prognosis-related ferroptosis genes (PRFGs) discovered through univariate analysis and Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) Cox regression. A nomogram was constructed by incorporating LASSO risk score, age, and cytogenetic risk based on univariate/multivariate Cox regression. Results: Of the 33 AML PRFGs identified from the TCGA-derived dataset, 8 genes were used to construct a gene signature to predict AML prognosis. Principal component analysis and heatmap showed significant differences between the low and high risk score groups. Next, LASSO risk score, age, and cytogenetic risk were incorporated into the nomogram to predict the overall survival (OS) of AML patients. According to survival analysis, patients with a low risk score had markedly increased OS as compared to those with a high risk score. Based on the results of Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes, the differences between the two risk groups showed a close relationship with immune-related pathways and membrane transportation. The analysis of tumor-infiltrating immune cells and immune checkpoints revealed that the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment possibly facilitated different prognostic outcomes between the two groups. Gene expression analyses showed that the mRNA expression levels of PARP1 and PARP3 (PARPs) were closely related to the different clinical subgroups and the analyzed OS in AML patients. Finally, the PARP inhibitor talazoparib and the ferroptosis inducer erastin exerted a synergistic anti-proliferative effect on AML cells. Conclusion: We constructed a nomogram by incorporating PRFGs, and the constructed nomogram showed a good performance in AML patient stratification and prognosis prediction. The combination of PARP inhibitors with ferroptosis inducers could be a novel treatment strategy for treating AML patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feima Wu
- Department of Hematology, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Guosheng Xu
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Guangchao Li
- Department of Hematology, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhao Yin
- Department of Hematology, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Huijuan Shen
- Department of Hematology, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Kaiheng Ye
- Department of Hematology, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yangmin Zhu
- Department of Hematology, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ruiming Ou
- Department of Hematology, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shuang Liu
- Department of Hematology, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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12
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Xu L, Ma X, Zhang X, Zhang C, Zhang Y, Gong S, Wu N, Zhang P, Feng X, Guo J, Zhao M, Ren Z, Zhang P. hsa_circ_0007919 induces LIG1 transcription by binding to FOXA1/TET1 to enhance the DNA damage response and promote gemcitabine resistance in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Mol Cancer 2023; 22:195. [PMID: 38044421 PMCID: PMC10694898 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-023-01887-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circular RNAs (circRNAs) play important roles in the occurrence and development of cancer and chemoresistance. DNA damage repair contributes to the proliferation of cancer cells and resistance to chemotherapy-induced apoptosis. However, the role of circRNAs in the regulation of DNA damage repair needs clarification. METHODS RNA sequencing analysis was applied to identify the differentially expressed circRNAs. qRT-PCR was conducted to confirm the expression of hsa_circ_0007919, and CCK-8, FCM, single-cell gel electrophoresis and IF assays were used to analyze the proliferation, apoptosis and gemcitabine (GEM) resistance of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) cells. Xenograft model and IHC experiments were conducted to confirm the effects of hsa_circ_0007919 on tumor growth and DNA damage in vivo. RNA sequencing and GSEA were applied to confirm the downstream genes and pathways of hsa_circ_0007919. FISH and nuclear-cytoplasmic RNA fractionation experiments were conducted to identify the cellular localization of hsa_circ_0007919. ChIRP, RIP, Co-IP, ChIP, MS-PCR and luciferase reporter assays were conducted to confirm the interaction among hsa_circ_0007919, FOXA1, TET1 and the LIG1 promoter. RESULTS We identified a highly expressed circRNA, hsa_circ_0007919, in GEM-resistant PDAC tissues and cells. High expression of hsa_circ_0007919 correlates with poor overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) of PDAC patients. Hsa_circ_0007919 inhibits the DNA damage, accumulation of DNA breaks and apoptosis induced by GEM in a LIG1-dependent manner to maintain cell survival. Mechanistically, hsa_circ_0007919 recruits FOXA1 and TET1 to decrease the methylation of the LIG1 promoter and increase its transcription, further promoting base excision repair, mismatch repair and nucleotide excision repair. At last, we found that GEM enhanced the binding of QKI to the introns of hsa_circ_0007919 pre-mRNA and the splicing and circularization of this pre-mRNA to generate hsa_circ_0007919. CONCLUSIONS Hsa_circ_0007919 promotes GEM resistance by enhancing DNA damage repair in a LIG1-dependent manner to maintain cell survival. Targeting hsa_circ_0007919 and DNA damage repair pathways could be a therapeutic strategy for PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Jinan, China
| | - Xiao Ma
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- Department of General Surgery, Xuzhou First People's Hospital, Xuzhou, China
| | - Xiuzhong Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Chong Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Shuai Gong
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Nai Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- Department of General Surgery, Shangqiu Municipal Hospital, Shangqiu, China
| | - Xinyu Feng
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Jiaxuan Guo
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Mengmeng Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Zeqiang Ren
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.
| | - Pengbo Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.
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13
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Lorentzian AC, Rever J, Ergin EK, Guo M, Akella NM, Rolf N, James Lim C, Reid GSD, Maxwell CA, Lange PF. Targetable lesions and proteomes predict therapy sensitivity through disease evolution in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7161. [PMID: 37989729 PMCID: PMC10663560 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42701-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) genomes show that relapses often arise from subclonal outgrowths. However, the impact of clonal evolution on the actionable proteome and response to targeted therapy is not known. Here, we present a comprehensive retrospective analysis of paired ALL diagnosis and relapsed specimen. Targeted next generation sequencing and proteome analysis indicate persistence of actionable genome variants and stable proteomes through disease progression. Paired viably-frozen biopsies show high correlation of drug response to variant-targeted therapies but in vitro selectivity is low. Proteome analysis prioritizes PARP1 as a pan-ALL target candidate needed for survival following cellular stress; diagnostic and relapsed ALL samples demonstrate robust sensitivity to treatment with two PARP1/2 inhibitors. Together, these findings support initiating prospective precision oncology approaches at ALL diagnosis and emphasize the need to incorporate proteome analysis to prospectively determine tumor sensitivities, which are likely to be retained at disease relapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda C Lorentzian
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- Michael Cuccione Childhood Cancer Research Program at the BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Jenna Rever
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- Michael Cuccione Childhood Cancer Research Program at the BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Enes K Ergin
- Michael Cuccione Childhood Cancer Research Program at the BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Meiyun Guo
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- Michael Cuccione Childhood Cancer Research Program at the BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Neha M Akella
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- Michael Cuccione Childhood Cancer Research Program at the BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Nina Rolf
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- Michael Cuccione Childhood Cancer Research Program at the BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
| | - C James Lim
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- Michael Cuccione Childhood Cancer Research Program at the BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Gregor S D Reid
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- Michael Cuccione Childhood Cancer Research Program at the BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Christopher A Maxwell
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
- Michael Cuccione Childhood Cancer Research Program at the BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada.
| | - Philipp F Lange
- Michael Cuccione Childhood Cancer Research Program at the BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada.
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
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14
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Kimura S, Polonen P, Montefiori L, Park CS, Iacobucci I, Yeoh AE, Attarbaschi A, Moore AS, Brown A, Manabe A, Buldini B, Freeman BB, Chen C, Cheng C, Kean Hui C, Li CK, Pui CH, Qu C, Tomizawa D, Teachey DT, Varotto E, Paietta EM, Arnold ED, Locatelli F, Escherich G, Elisa Muhle H, Marquart HV, de Groot-Kruseman HA, Rowe JM, Stary J, Trka J, Choi JK, Meijerink JPP, Yang JJ, Takita J, Pawinska-Wasikowska K, Roberts KG, Han K, Caldwell KJ, Schmiegelow K, Crews KR, Eguchi M, Schrappe M, Zimmerman M, Takagi M, Maybury M, Svaton M, Reiterova M, Kicinski M, Prater MS, Kato M, Reyes N, Spinelli O, Thomas P, Mazilier P, Gao Q, Masetti R, Kotecha RS, Pieters R, Elitzur S, Luger SM, Mitchell S, Pruett-Miller SM, Shen S, Jeha S, Köhrer S, Kornblau SM, Skoczeń S, Miyamura T, Vincent TL, Imamura T, Conter V, Tang Y, Liu YC, Chang Y, Gu Z, Cheng Z, Yinmei Z, Inaba H, Mullighan CG. Biologic and clinical features of childhood gamma delta T-ALL: identification of STAG2/LMO2 γδ T-ALL as an extremely high risk leukemia in the very young. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2023:2023.11.06.23298028. [PMID: 37986997 PMCID: PMC10659466 DOI: 10.1101/2023.11.06.23298028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Gamma delta T-cell receptor-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia (γδ T-ALL) is a high-risk but poorly characterized disease. METHODS We studied clinical features of 200 pediatric γδ T-ALL, and compared the prognosis of 93 cases to 1,067 protocol-matched non-γδ T-ALL. Genomic features were defined by transcriptome and genome sequencing. Experimental modeling was used to examine the mechanistic impacts of genomic alterations. Therapeutic vulnerabilities were identified by high throughput drug screening of cell lines and xenografts. RESULTS γδ T-ALL in children under three was extremely high-risk with 5-year event-free survival (33% v. 70% [age 3-<10] and 73% [age ≥10], P =9.5 x 10 -5 ) and 5-year overall survival (49% v. 78% [age 3-<10] and 81% [age ≥10], P =0.002), differences not observed in non-γδ T-ALL. γδ T-ALL in this age group was enriched for genomic alterations activating LMO2 activation and inactivating STAG2 inactivation ( STAG2/LMO2 ). Mechanistically, we show that inactivation of STAG2 profoundly perturbs chromatin organization by altering enhancer-promoter looping resulting in deregulation of gene expression associated with T-cell differentiation. Drug screening showed resistance to prednisolone, consistent with clinical slow treatment response, but identified a vulnerability in DNA repair pathways arising from STAG2 inactivation, which was efficaciously targeted by Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibition, with synergism with HDAC inhibitors. Ex-vivo drug screening on PDX cells validated the efficacy of PARP inhibitors as well as other potential targets including nelarabine. CONCLUSION γδ T-ALL in children under the age of three is extremely high-risk and enriched for STAG2/LMO2 ALL. STAG2 loss perturbs chromatin conformation and differentiation, and STAG2/LMO2 ALL is sensitive to PARP inhibition. These data provide a diagnostic and therapeutic framework for pediatric γδ T-ALL. SUPPORT The authors are supported by the American and Lebanese Syrian Associated Charities of St Jude Children's Research Hospital, NCI grants R35 CA197695, P50 CA021765 (C.G.M.), the Henry Schueler 41&9 Foundation (C.G.M.), and a St. Baldrick's Foundation Robert J. Arceci Innovation Award (C.G.M.), Gabriella Miller Kids First X01HD100702 (D.T.T and C.G.M.) and R03CA256550 (D.T.T. and C.G.M.), F32 5F32CA254140 (L.M.), and a Garwood Postdoctoral Fellowship of the Hematological Malignancies Program of the St Jude Children's Research Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center (S.K.). This project was supported by the National Cancer Institute of the National Institutes of Health under the following award numbers: U10CA180820, UG1CA189859, U24CA114766, U10CA180899, U10CA180866 and U24CA196173. DISCLAIMER The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health. The funding agencies were not directly involved in the design of the study, gathering, analysis and interpretation of the data, writing of the manuscript, or decision to submit the manuscript for publication.
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15
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Ge F, Liu X, Zhang H, Yuan T, Zhu H, Yang B, He Q. Deubiquitinating enzyme JOSD2 affects susceptibility of non-small cell lung carcinoma cells to anti-cancer drugs through DNA damage repair. Zhejiang Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban 2023; 52:533-543. [PMID: 37899394 PMCID: PMC10630050 DOI: 10.3724/zdxbyxb-2023-0256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the effects and mechanisms of deubiquitinating enzyme Josephin domain containing 2 (JOSD2) on susceptibility of non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) cells to anti-cancer drugs. METHODS The transcriptome expression and clinical data of NSCLC were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus. Principal component analysis and limma analysis were used to investigate the deubiquitinating enzymes up-regulated in NSCLC tissues. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to investigate the relationship between the expression of deubiquitinating enzymes and overall survival of NSCLC patients. Gene ontology enrichment and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) were used to analyze the activation of signaling pathways in NSCLC patients with high expression of JOSD2. Gene set variation analysis and Pearson correlation were used to investigate the correlation between JOSD2 expression levels and DNA damage response (DDR) pathway. Western blotting was performed to examine the expression levels of JOSD2 and proteins associated with the DDR pathway. Immunofluorescence was used to detect the localization of JOSD2. Sulforhodamine B staining was used to examine the sensitivity of JOSD2-knock-down NSCLC cells to DNA damaging drugs. RESULTS Compared with adjacent tissues, the expression level of JOSD2 was significantly up-regulated in NSCLC tissues (P<0.05), and was significantly correlated with the prognosis in NSCLC patients (P<0.05). Compared with the tissues with low expression of JOSD2, the DDR-related pathways were significantly upregulated in NSCLC tissues with high expression of JOSD2 (all P<0.05). In addition, the expression of JOSD2 was positively correlated with the activation of DDR-related pathways (all P<0.01). Compared with the control group, overexpression of JOSD2 significantly promoted the DDR in NSCLC cells. In addition, DNA damaging agents significantly increase the nuclear localization of JOSD2, whereas depletion of JOSD2 significantly enhanced the sensitivity of NSCLC cells to DNA damaging agents (all P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Deubiquitinating enzyme JOSD2 may regulate the malignant progression of NSCLC by promoting DNA damage repair pathway, and depletion of JOSD2 significantly enhances the sensitivity of NSCLC cells to DNA damaging agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fujing Ge
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Xiangning Liu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Hongyu Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Tao Yuan
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Hong Zhu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Bo Yang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Qiaojun He
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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Franza M, Albanesi J, Mancini B, Pennisi R, Leone S, Acconcia F, Bianchi F, di Masi A. The clinically relevant CHK1 inhibitor MK-8776 induces the degradation of the oncogenic protein PML-RARα and overcomes ATRA resistance in acute promyelocytic leukemia cells. Biochem Pharmacol 2023:115675. [PMID: 37406967 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is a hematological disease characterized by the expression of the oncogenic fusion protein PML-RARα. The current treatment approach for APL involves differentiation therapy using all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and arsenic trioxide (ATO). However, the development of resistance to therapy, occurrence of differentiation syndrome, and relapses necessitate the exploration of new treatment options that induce differentiation of leukemic blasts with low toxicity. In this study, we investigated the cellular and molecular effects of MK-8776, a specific inhibitor of CHK1, in ATRA-resistant APL cells. Treatment of APL cells with MK-8776 resulted in a decrease in PML-RARα levels, increased expression of CD11b, and increased granulocytic activity consistent with differentiation. Interestingly, we showed that the MK-8776-induced differentiating effect resulted synergic with ATO. We found that the reduction of PML-RARα by MK-8776 was dependent on both proteasome and caspases. Specifically, both caspase-1 and caspase-3 were activated by CHK1 inhibition, with caspase-3 acting upstream of caspase-1. Activation of caspase-3 was necessary to activate caspase-1 and promote PML-RARα degradation. Transcriptomic analysis revealed significant modulation of pathways and upstream regulators involved in the inflammatory response and cell cycle control upon MK-8776 treatment. Overall, the ability of MK-8776 to induce PML-RARα degradation and stimulate differentiation of immature APL cancer cells into more mature forms recapitulates the concept of differentiation therapy. Considering the in vivo tolerability of MK-8776, it will be relevant to evaluate its potential clinical benefit in APL patients resistant to standard ATRA/ATO therapy, as well as in patients with other forms of acute leukemias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Franza
- Department of Sciences, Section of Biomedical Sciences and Technologies, Roma Tre University, Roma, Italy
| | - Jacopo Albanesi
- Department of Sciences, Section of Biomedical Sciences and Technologies, Roma Tre University, Roma, Italy
| | - Benedetta Mancini
- Department of Sciences, Section of Biomedical Sciences and Technologies, Roma Tre University, Roma, Italy
| | - Rosa Pennisi
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino Medical School, Torino, Italy; Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO - IRCCS, Candiolo, Torino, Italy
| | - Stefano Leone
- Department of Sciences, Section of Biomedical Sciences and Technologies, Roma Tre University, Roma, Italy
| | - Filippo Acconcia
- Department of Sciences, Section of Biomedical Sciences and Technologies, Roma Tre University, Roma, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Bianchi
- Unit of Cancer Biomarkers, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo (FG), Italy
| | - Alessandra di Masi
- Department of Sciences, Section of Biomedical Sciences and Technologies, Roma Tre University, Roma, Italy.
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Yang X, Xu L, Yang L. Recent advances in EZH2-based dual inhibitors in the treatment of cancers. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 256:115461. [PMID: 37156182 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) protein is the catalytic subunit of one of the histone methyltransferases. EZH2 catalyzes the trimethylation of lysine 27 of histone H3 (H3K27me3) and further alters downstream target levels. EZH2 is upregulated in cancer tissues, wherein its levels correlate strongly with cancer genesis, progression, metastasis, and invasion. Consequently, it has emerged as a novel anticancer therapeutic target. Nonetheless, developing EZH2 inhibitors (EZH2i) has encountered numerous difficulties, such as pre-clinical drug resistance and poor therapeutic effect. The EZH2i synergistically suppresses cancers when used in combination with additional antitumor drugs, such as PARP inhibitors, HDAC inhibitors, BRD4 inhibitors, EZH1 inhibitors, and EHMT2 inhibitors. Typically, the use of dual inhibitors of two different targets mediated by one individual molecule has been recognized as the preferred approach for overcoming the limitations of EZH2 monotherapy. The present review discusses the theoretical basis for designing EZH2-based dual-target inhibitors, and also describes some in vitro and in vivo analysis results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojuan Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang University, Xinxiang, 453003, China.
| | - Lu Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang University, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Li Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang University, Xinxiang, 453003, China
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18
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Zhang J, Zhang J, Li H, Chen L, Yao D. Dual-target inhibitors of PARP1 in cancer therapy: a drug discovery perspective. Drug Discov Today 2023; 28:103607. [PMID: 37146962 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2023.103607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1), a key enzyme in DNA repair, has emerged as a promising anticancer druggable target. An increasing number of PARP1 inhibitors have been discovered to treat cancer, most notably those characterized by BRCA1/2 mutations. Although PARP1 inhibitors have achieved great clinical success, their cytotoxicity, development of drug resistance, and restriction of indication have weakened their clinical therapeutic effects. To address these issues, dual PARP1 inhibitors have been documented as a promising strategy. Here, we review recent progress in the development of dual PARP1 inhibitors, summarize the different designs of dual-target inhibitors, and introduce their antitumor pharmacology, shedding light on the discovery of dual PARP1 inhibitors for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Zhang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China; These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Jin Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518000, China; These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Hua Li
- Wuya College of Innovation, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China; Institute of Structural Pharmacology & TCM Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China.
| | - Lixia Chen
- Wuya College of Innovation, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Dahong Yao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen, 518118, China.
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19
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Yi J, Luo X, Xing J, Gedanken A, Lin X, Zhang C, Qiao G. Micelle encapsulation zinc-doped copper oxide nanocomposites reverse Olaparib resistance in ovarian cancer by disrupting homologous recombination repair. Bioeng Transl Med 2023; 8:e10507. [PMID: 37206208 PMCID: PMC10189445 DOI: 10.1002/btm2.10507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Micelle Encapsulation Zinc-doped copper oxide nanocomposites (MEnZn-CuO NPs) is a novel doped metal nanomaterial prepared by our group based on Zinc doped copper oxide nanocomposites (Zn-CuO NPs) using non-micellar beam. Compared with Zn-CuO NPs, MEnZn-CuO NPs have uniform nanoproperties and high stability. In this study, we explored the anticancer effects of MEnZn-CuO NPs on human ovarian cancer cells. In addition to affecting cell proliferation, migration, apoptosis and autophagy, MEnZn-CuO NPs have a greater potential for clinical application by inducing HR repair defects in ovarian cancer cells in combination with poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors for lethal effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyan Yi
- Department of Medical Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nucleic Acid Medicine of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education & Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, (Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases), Institute of Cardiovascular ResearchSouthwest Medical UniversityLuzhouSichuan646000China
| | - Xin Luo
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nucleic Acid Medicine of Luzhou Key LaboratorySouthwest Medical UniversityLuzhouSichuan646000China
| | - Jinshan Xing
- Department of NeurosurgeryThe Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical UniversityLuzhouSichuan646000China
| | - Aharon Gedanken
- Center for Advanced Materials and NanotechnologyBar‐Ilan UniversityRamat Gan52900Israel
| | - Xiukun Lin
- College of Marine SciencesBeibu Gulf University12 Binhai RoadQinzhou535011GuangxiChina
| | - Chunxiang Zhang
- Nucleic Acid Medicine of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education & Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, (Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases), Institute of Cardiovascular ResearchSouthwest Medical UniversityLuzhouSichuan646000China
| | - Gan Qiao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nucleic Acid Medicine of Luzhou Key LaboratorySouthwest Medical UniversityLuzhouSichuan646000China
- School of Pharmacy, Central Nervous System Drug Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Nucleic Acid Medicine of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education & Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, (Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases), Institute of Cardiovascular ResearchSouthwest Medical UniversityLuzhou646000SichuanChina
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20
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Podyacheva E, Toropova Y. The Role of NAD+, SIRTs Interactions in Stimulating and Counteracting Carcinogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24097925. [PMID: 37175631 PMCID: PMC10178434 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24097925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The World Health Organization has identified oncological diseases as one of the most serious health concerns of the current century. Current research on oncogenesis is focused on the molecular mechanisms of energy-biochemical reprogramming in cancer cell metabolism, including processes contributing to the Warburg effect and the pro-oncogenic and anti-oncogenic roles of sirtuins (SIRTs) and poly-(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs). However, a clear understanding of the interaction between NAD+, SIRTs in cancer development, as well as their effects on carcinogenesis, has not been established, and literature data vary greatly. This work aims to provide a summary and structure of the available information on NAD+, SIRTs interactions in both stimulating and countering carcinogenesis, and to discuss potential approaches for pharmacological modulation of these interactions to achieve an anticancer effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina Podyacheva
- Almazov National Medical Research Centre, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 197341 Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Yana Toropova
- Almazov National Medical Research Centre, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 197341 Saint-Petersburg, Russia
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21
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Li T, Wang X, Qin S, Chen B, Yi M, Zhou J. Targeting PARP for the optimal immunotherapy efficiency in gynecologic malignancies. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 162:114712. [PMID: 37075667 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Gynecologic cancer, which includes ovarian, cervical, endometrial, vulvar, and vaginal cancer, is a major health concern for women all over the world. Despite the availability of various treatment options, many patients eventually progress to advanced stages and face high mortality rates. PARPi (poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor) and immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) have both shown significant efficacy in the treatment of advanced and metastatic gynecologic cancer. However, both treatments have limitations, including inevitable resistance and a narrow therapeutic window, making PARPi and ICI combination therapy a promising approach to treating gynecologic malignancies. Preclinical and clinical trials have looked into the combination therapy of PARPi and ICI. PARPi improves ICI efficacy by inducing DNA damage and increasing tumor immunogenicity, resulting in a stronger immune response against cancer cells. ICI, conversly, can increase PARPi sensitivity by priming and activating immune cells, consequently prompting immune cytotoxic effect. Several clinical trials in gynecologic cancer patients have investigated the combination therapy of PARPi and ICI. When compared to monotherapy, the combination of PARPi and ICI increased progression-free survival and overall survival in ovarian cancer patients. The combination therapy has also been studied in other types of gynecologic cancer, including endometrial and cervical cancer, with promising results. Finally, the combination therapeutic strategy of PARPi and ICI is a promising approach in the treatment of gynecologic cancer, particularly advanced and metastatic stages. Preclinical studies and clinical trials have demonstrated the safety and efficacy of this combination therapy in improving patient outcomes and quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianye Li
- Department of Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinrun Wang
- Department of Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shuang Qin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Bingxin Chen
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ming Yi
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Jianwei Zhou
- Department of Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
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22
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Casado P, Cutillas PR. Proteomic Characterization of Acute Myeloid Leukemia for Precision Medicine. Mol Cell Proteomics 2023; 22:100517. [PMID: 36805445 PMCID: PMC10152134 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcpro.2023.100517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a highly heterogeneous cancer of the hematopoietic system with no cure for most patients. In addition to chemotherapy, treatment options for AML include recently approved therapies that target proteins with roles in AML pathobiology, such as FLT3, BLC2, and IDH1/2. However, due to disease complexity, these therapies produce very diverse responses, and survival rates are still low. Thus, despite considerable advances, there remains a need for therapies that target different aspects of leukemic biology and for associated biomarkers that define patient populations likely to respond to each available therapy. To meet this need, drugs that target different AML vulnerabilities are currently in advanced stages of clinical development. Here, we review proteomics and phosphoproteomics studies that aimed to provide insights into AML biology and clinical disease heterogeneity not attainable with genomic approaches. To place the discussion in context, we first provide an overview of genetic and clinical aspects of the disease, followed by a summary of proteins targeted by compounds that have been approved or are under clinical trials for AML treatment and, if available, the biomarkers that predict responses. We then discuss proteomics and phosphoproteomics studies that provided insights into AML pathogenesis, from which potential biomarkers and drug targets were identified, and studies that aimed to rationalize the use of synergistic drug combinations. When considered as a whole, the evidence summarized here suggests that proteomics and phosphoproteomics approaches can play a crucial role in the development and implementation of precision medicine for AML patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Casado
- Cell Signalling & Proteomics Group, Centre for Genomics and Computational Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Pedro R Cutillas
- Cell Signalling & Proteomics Group, Centre for Genomics and Computational Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom; The Alan Turing Institute, The British Library, London, United Kingdom; Digital Environment Research Institute (DERI), Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom.
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23
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Jiang Y, Zhang H, Wang J, Chen J, Guo Z, Liu Y, Hua H. Exploiting RIG-I-like receptor pathway for cancer immunotherapy. J Hematol Oncol 2023; 16:8. [PMID: 36755342 PMCID: PMC9906624 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-023-01405-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
RIG-I-like receptors (RLRs) are intracellular pattern recognition receptors that detect viral or bacterial infection and induce host innate immune responses. The RLRs family comprises retinoic acid-inducible gene 1 (RIG-I), melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 (MDA5) and laboratory of genetics and physiology 2 (LGP2) that have distinctive features. These receptors not only recognize RNA intermediates from viruses and bacteria, but also interact with endogenous RNA such as the mislocalized mitochondrial RNA, the aberrantly reactivated repetitive or transposable elements in the human genome. Evasion of RLRs-mediated immune response may lead to sustained infection, defective host immunity and carcinogenesis. Therapeutic targeting RLRs may not only provoke anti-infection effects, but also induce anticancer immunity or sensitize "immune-cold" tumors to immune checkpoint blockade. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of RLRs signaling and discuss the rationale for therapeutic targeting RLRs in cancer. We describe how RLRs can be activated by synthetic RNA, oncolytic viruses, viral mimicry and radio-chemotherapy, and how the RNA agonists of RLRs can be systemically delivered in vivo. The integration of RLRs agonism with RNA interference or CAR-T cells provides new dimensions that complement cancer immunotherapy. Moreover, we update the progress of recent clinical trials for cancer therapy involving RLRs activation and immune modulation. Further studies of the mechanisms underlying RLRs signaling will shed new light on the development of cancer therapeutics. Manipulation of RLRs signaling represents an opportunity for clinically relevant cancer therapy. Addressing the challenges in this field will help develop future generations of cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangfu Jiang
- Laboratory of Oncogene, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Hongying Zhang
- Laboratory of Oncogene, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jiao Wang
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610075, China
| | - Jinzhu Chen
- Laboratory of Oncogene, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Zeyu Guo
- Laboratory of Oncogene, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yongliang Liu
- Laboratory of Oncogene, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Hui Hua
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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24
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Ghelli Luserna di Rorà A, Jandoubi M, Martinelli G, Simonetti G. Targeting Proliferation Signals and the Cell Cycle Machinery in Acute Leukemias: Novel Molecules on the Horizon. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28031224. [PMID: 36770891 PMCID: PMC9920029 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28031224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Uncontrolled proliferative signals and cell cycle dysregulation due to genomic or functional alterations are important drivers of the expansion of undifferentiated blast cells in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) cells. Therefore, they are largely studied as potential therapeutic targets in the field. We here present the most recent advancements in the evaluation of novel compounds targeting cell cycle proteins or oncogenic mechanisms, including those showing an antiproliferative effect in acute leukemia, independently of the identification of a specific target. Several new kinase inhibitors have been synthesized that showed effectiveness in a nanomolar to micromolar concentration range as inhibitors of FLT3 and its mutant forms, a highly attractive therapeutic target due to its driver role in a significant fraction of AML cases. Moreover, we introduce novel molecules functioning as microtubule-depolymerizing or P53-restoring agents, G-quadruplex-stabilizing molecules and CDK2, CHK1, PI3Kδ, STAT5, BRD4 and BRPF1 inhibitors. We here discuss their mechanisms of action, including the downstream intracellular changes induced by in vitro treatment, hematopoietic toxicity, in vivo bio-availability and efficacy in murine xenograft models. The promising activity profile demonstrated by some of these candidates deserves further development towards clinical investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Ghelli Luserna di Rorà
- Biosciences Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, Via Piero Maroncelli 40, 47014 Meldola, Italy
- Fondazione Pisana per Scienza ONLUS, 56017 San Giuliano Terme, Italy
| | - Mouna Jandoubi
- Biosciences Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, Via Piero Maroncelli 40, 47014 Meldola, Italy
| | - Giovanni Martinelli
- Scientific Directorate, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, Via Piero Maroncelli 40, 47014 Meldola, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Giorgia Simonetti
- Biosciences Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, Via Piero Maroncelli 40, 47014 Meldola, Italy
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25
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Hiroki H, Akahane K, Inukai T, Morio T, Takagi M. Synergistic effect of combined PI3 kinase inhibitor and PARP inhibitor treatment on BCR/ABL1-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells. Int J Hematol 2022; 117:748-758. [PMID: 36575328 DOI: 10.1007/s12185-022-03520-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors (PARPi) function by inhibiting base excision repair and inducing synthetic lethality in homologous recombination repair-deficient cells, such as BRCA1/2-mutated cancer cells. The BCR/ABL1 fusion protein causes dysregulated cell proliferation and is responsible for chronic myelogenous leukemia and Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia (Ph+ALL). BCR/ABL1 also induces genomic instability by downregulating BRCA1. We investigated the effect of the PARPi, olaparib, against Ph+ALL cell lines and found that they show variable sensitivity, presumably due to cancer-associated genetic alterations other than BCR/ABL1. To investigate the reasons for the variable responses of Ph+ALL cells to PARPi treatment, we analyzed the transcriptomes of olaparib-sensitive and -resistant Ph+ALL cell lines, which revealed that activation of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway was a hallmark of PARPi resistance. Based on these findings, we examined the effects of adding a PI3K inhibitor (PI3Ki) to PARPi treatment to overcome PARPi insensitivity in Ph+ALL cell lines. Combination with PI3Ki increased PARPi cytotoxicity in PARPi-resistant Ph+ALL cell lines. Tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) therapy is the gold standard for Ph+ALL, and, based on our findings, we propose that PARPi combined with TKI and PI3K inhibition could be a novel therapeutic strategy for Ph+ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haruka Hiroki
- Department of Pediatrics and Developmental Biology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koshi Akahane
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Takeshi Inukai
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Morio
- Department of Pediatrics and Developmental Biology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Takagi
- Department of Pediatrics and Developmental Biology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan.
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26
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Lopez-Perez G, Wijayatunge R, McCrum KB, Holmstrom SR, Mgbemena VE, Ross TS. BRCA1 and TP53 codeficiency causes a PARP inhibitor-sensitive erythroproliferative neoplasm. JCI Insight 2022; 7:158257. [PMID: 36346676 PMCID: PMC9869974 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.158257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the BRCA1 tumor suppressor gene, such as 5382insC (BRCA1insC), give carriers an increased risk for breast, ovarian, prostate, and pancreatic cancers. We have previously reported that, in mice, Brca1 deficiency in the hematopoietic system leads to pancytopenia and, as a result, early lethality. We explored the cellular consequences of Brca1-null and BRCA1insC alleles in combination with Trp53 deficiency in the murine hematopoietic system. We found that Brca1 and Trp53 codeficiency led to a highly penetrant erythroproliferative disorder that is characterized by hepatosplenomegaly and by expanded megakaryocyte erythroid progenitor (MEP) and immature erythroid blast populations. The expanded erythroid progenitor populations in both BM and spleen had the capacity to transmit the disease into secondary mouse recipients, suggesting that Brca1 and Trp53 codeficiency provides a murine model of hematopoietic neoplasia. This Brca1/Trp53 model replicated Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor olaparib sensitivity seen in existing Brca1/Trp53 breast cancer models and had the benefits of monitoring disease progression and drug responses via peripheral blood analyses without sacrificing experimental animals. In addition, this erythroid neoplasia developed much faster than murine breast cancer, allowing for increased efficiency of future preclinical studies.
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27
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McKinnell Z, Karel D, Tuerff D, SH Abrahim M, Nassereddine S. Acute Myeloid Leukemia Following Myeloproliferative Neoplasms: A Review of What We Know, What We Do Not Know, and Emerging Treatment Strategies. J Hematol 2022; 11:197-209. [PMID: 36632576 PMCID: PMC9822656 DOI: 10.14740/jh1042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) arising from myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) represents a small subtype of secondary AML (sAML). This entity is well known to be associated with poor responses to available treatment options and dismal outcomes. To date, there are no standardized treatment options and there has been very little therapeutic advancement in recent years. This is a stark contrast to other subsets of AML for which there have been significant advances in therapeutic approaches, especially for patients with targetable mutations. We aim to focus our review on the incidence, risk factors for leukemogenesis, pathogenesis, molecular landscape, and emerging therapeutic options in post-myeloproliferative neoplasm acute myeloid leukemia (post-MPN AML).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoe McKinnell
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, George Washington University Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Daniel Karel
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, George Washington University Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Daniel Tuerff
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, George Washington University Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Marwa SH Abrahim
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, George Washington University Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Samah Nassereddine
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, George Washington University Hospital, Washington, DC, USA,Corresponding Author: Samah Nassereddine, Department of Hematology and Oncology, George Washington University and George Washington Cancer Center, Washington, DC, USA.
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28
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DNA Damage Response in Cancer Therapy and Resistance: Challenges and Opportunities. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314672. [PMID: 36499000 PMCID: PMC9735783 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Resistance to chemo- and radiotherapy is a common event among cancer patients and a reason why new cancer therapies and therapeutic strategies need to be in continuous investigation and development. DNA damage response (DDR) comprises several pathways that eliminate DNA damage to maintain genomic stability and integrity, but different types of cancers are associated with DDR machinery defects. Many improvements have been made in recent years, providing several drugs and therapeutic strategies for cancer patients, including those targeting the DDR pathways. Currently, poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARP inhibitors) are the DDR inhibitors (DDRi) approved for several cancers, including breast, ovarian, pancreatic, and prostate cancer. However, PARPi resistance is a growing issue in clinical settings that increases disease relapse and aggravate patients' prognosis. Additionally, resistance to other DDRi is also being found and investigated. The resistance mechanisms to DDRi include reversion mutations, epigenetic modification, stabilization of the replication fork, and increased drug efflux. This review highlights the DDR pathways in cancer therapy, its role in the resistance to conventional treatments, and its exploitation for anticancer treatment. Biomarkers of treatment response, combination strategies with other anticancer agents, resistance mechanisms, and liabilities of treatment with DDR inhibitors are also discussed.
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29
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Role of PARP Inhibitors in Cancer Immunotherapy: Potential Friends to Immune Activating Molecules and Foes to Immune Checkpoints. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14225633. [PMID: 36428727 PMCID: PMC9688455 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14225633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors (PARPi) induce cytotoxic effects as single agents in tumors characterized by defective repair of DNA double-strand breaks deriving from BRCA1/2 mutations or other abnormalities in genes associated with homologous recombination. Preclinical studies have shown that PARPi-induced DNA damage may affect the tumor immune microenvironment and immune-mediated anti-tumor response through several mechanisms. In particular, increased DNA damage has been shown to induce the activation of type I interferon pathway and up-regulation of PD-L1 expression in cancer cells, which can both enhance sensitivity to Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors (ICIs). Despite the recent approval of ICIs for a number of advanced cancer types based on their ability to reinvigorate T-cell-mediated antitumor immune responses, a consistent percentage of treated patients fail to respond, strongly encouraging the identification of combination therapies to overcome resistance. In the present review, we analyzed both established and unexplored mechanisms that may be elicited by PARPi, supporting immune reactivation and their potential synergism with currently used ICIs. This analysis may indicate novel and possibly patient-specific immune features that might represent new pharmacological targets of PARPi, potentially leading to the identification of predictive biomarkers of response to their combination with ICIs.
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30
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Li S, Wang L, Wang Y, Zhang C, Hong Z, Han Z. The synthetic lethality of targeting cell cycle checkpoints and PARPs in cancer treatment. J Hematol Oncol 2022; 15:147. [PMID: 36253861 PMCID: PMC9578258 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-022-01360-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Continuous cell division is a hallmark of cancer, and the underlying mechanism is tumor genomics instability. Cell cycle checkpoints are critical for enabling an orderly cell cycle and maintaining genome stability during cell division. Based on their distinct functions in cell cycle control, cell cycle checkpoints are classified into two groups: DNA damage checkpoints and DNA replication stress checkpoints. The DNA damage checkpoints (ATM-CHK2-p53) primarily monitor genetic errors and arrest cell cycle progression to facilitate DNA repair. Unfortunately, genes involved in DNA damage checkpoints are frequently mutated in human malignancies. In contrast, genes associated with DNA replication stress checkpoints (ATR-CHK1-WEE1) are rarely mutated in tumors, and cancer cells are highly dependent on these genes to prevent replication catastrophe and secure genome integrity. At present, poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARPi) operate through “synthetic lethality” mechanism with mutant DNA repair pathways genes in cancer cells. However, an increasing number of patients are acquiring PARP inhibitor resistance after prolonged treatment. Recent work suggests that a combination therapy of targeting cell cycle checkpoints and PARPs act synergistically to increase the number of DNA errors, compromise the DNA repair machinery, and disrupt the cell cycle, thereby increasing the death rate of cancer cells with DNA repair deficiency or PARP inhibitor resistance. We highlight a combinational strategy involving PARP inhibitors and inhibition of two major cell cycle checkpoint pathways, ATM-CHK2-TP53 and ATR-CHK1-WEE1. The biological functions, resistance mechanisms against PARP inhibitors, advances in preclinical research, and clinical trials are also reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangying Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Liangliang Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Changyi Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Zhenya Hong
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China.
| | - Zhiqiang Han
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China.
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Schedel A, Friedrich UA, Morcos MNF, Wagener R, Mehtonen J, Watrin T, Saitta C, Brozou T, Michler P, Walter C, Försti A, Baksi A, Menzel M, Horak P, Paramasivam N, Fazio G, Autry RJ, Fröhling S, Suttorp M, Gertzen C, Gohlke H, Bhatia S, Wadt K, Schmiegelow K, Dugas M, Richter D, Glimm H, Heinäniemi M, Jessberger R, Cazzaniga G, Borkhardt A, Hauer J, Auer F. Recurrent Germline Variant in RAD21 Predisposes Children to Lymphoblastic Leukemia or Lymphoma. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23095174. [PMID: 35563565 PMCID: PMC9106003 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23095174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Somatic loss of function mutations in cohesin genes are frequently associated with various cancer types, while cohesin disruption in the germline causes cohesinopathies such as Cornelia-de-Lange syndrome (CdLS). Here, we present the discovery of a recurrent heterozygous RAD21 germline aberration at amino acid position 298 (p.P298S/A) identified in three children with lymphoblastic leukemia or lymphoma in a total dataset of 482 pediatric cancer patients. While RAD21 p.P298S/A did not disrupt the formation of the cohesin complex, it altered RAD21 gene expression, DNA damage response and primary patient fibroblasts showed increased G2/M arrest after irradiation and Mitomycin-C treatment. Subsequent single-cell RNA-sequencing analysis of healthy human bone marrow confirmed the upregulation of distinct cohesin gene patterns during hematopoiesis, highlighting the importance of RAD21 expression within proliferating B- and T-cells. Our clinical and functional data therefore suggest that RAD21 germline variants can predispose to childhood lymphoblastic leukemia or lymphoma without displaying a CdLS phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Schedel
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (A.S.); (U.A.F.); (P.M.); (M.M.); (M.S.)
| | - Ulrike Anne Friedrich
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (A.S.); (U.A.F.); (P.M.); (M.M.); (M.S.)
| | - Mina N. F. Morcos
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich; 80804 Munich, Germany; (M.N.F.M.); (F.A.)
| | - Rabea Wagener
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Heinrich-Heine University Duesseldorf, Medical Faculty, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany; (R.W.); (T.W.); (T.B.); (S.B.); (A.B.)
| | - Juha Mehtonen
- Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland; (J.M.); (M.H.)
| | - Titus Watrin
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Heinrich-Heine University Duesseldorf, Medical Faculty, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany; (R.W.); (T.W.); (T.B.); (S.B.); (A.B.)
| | - Claudia Saitta
- Tettamanti Research Center, Pediatrics, University of Milan Bicocca, Fondazione MBBM/San Gerardo Hospital, 20900 Monza, Italy; (C.S.); (G.F.); (G.C.)
| | - Triantafyllia Brozou
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Heinrich-Heine University Duesseldorf, Medical Faculty, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany; (R.W.); (T.W.); (T.B.); (S.B.); (A.B.)
| | - Pia Michler
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (A.S.); (U.A.F.); (P.M.); (M.M.); (M.S.)
| | - Carolin Walter
- Institute of Medical Informatics, University of Muenster, 48149 Muenster, Germany; (C.W.); (M.D.)
| | - Asta Försti
- Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (A.F.); (R.J.A.)
- Hopp Children’s Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Arka Baksi
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (A.B.); (R.J.)
| | - Maria Menzel
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (A.S.); (U.A.F.); (P.M.); (M.M.); (M.S.)
| | - Peter Horak
- Division of Translational Medical Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (P.H.); (S.F.)
| | - Nagarajan Paramasivam
- Computational Oncology, Molecular Diagnostics Program, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany;
| | - Grazia Fazio
- Tettamanti Research Center, Pediatrics, University of Milan Bicocca, Fondazione MBBM/San Gerardo Hospital, 20900 Monza, Italy; (C.S.); (G.F.); (G.C.)
| | - Robert J Autry
- Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (A.F.); (R.J.A.)
- Hopp Children’s Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stefan Fröhling
- Division of Translational Medical Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (P.H.); (S.F.)
| | - Meinolf Suttorp
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (A.S.); (U.A.F.); (P.M.); (M.M.); (M.S.)
| | - Christoph Gertzen
- Institute for Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Duesseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany; (C.G.); (H.G.)
| | - Holger Gohlke
- Institute for Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Duesseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany; (C.G.); (H.G.)
- John von Neumann Institute for Computing (NIC), Jülich Supercomputing Centre (JSC), Institute of Biological Information Processing (IBI-7: Structural Biochemistry), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Sanil Bhatia
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Heinrich-Heine University Duesseldorf, Medical Faculty, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany; (R.W.); (T.W.); (T.B.); (S.B.); (A.B.)
| | - Karin Wadt
- Department of Clinical Genetics, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Faculty of health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark;
| | - Kjeld Schmiegelow
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark;
| | - Martin Dugas
- Institute of Medical Informatics, University of Muenster, 48149 Muenster, Germany; (C.W.); (M.D.)
- Institute of Medical Informatics, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Daniela Richter
- Department of Translational Medical Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (D.R.); (H.G.)
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Hanno Glimm
- Department of Translational Medical Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (D.R.); (H.G.)
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 01307 Dresden, Germany
- Translational Functional Cancer Genomics, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Merja Heinäniemi
- Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland; (J.M.); (M.H.)
| | - Rolf Jessberger
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (A.B.); (R.J.)
| | - Gianni Cazzaniga
- Tettamanti Research Center, Pediatrics, University of Milan Bicocca, Fondazione MBBM/San Gerardo Hospital, 20900 Monza, Italy; (C.S.); (G.F.); (G.C.)
- Medical Genetics, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milan Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy
| | - Arndt Borkhardt
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Heinrich-Heine University Duesseldorf, Medical Faculty, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany; (R.W.); (T.W.); (T.B.); (S.B.); (A.B.)
| | - Julia Hauer
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich; 80804 Munich, Germany; (M.N.F.M.); (F.A.)
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 81675 Munich, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-(89)-3068-3940
| | - Franziska Auer
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich; 80804 Munich, Germany; (M.N.F.M.); (F.A.)
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DNA Methylation Malleability and Dysregulation in Cancer Progression: Understanding the Role of PARP1. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12030417. [PMID: 35327610 PMCID: PMC8946700 DOI: 10.3390/biom12030417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Mammalian genomic DNA methylation represents a key epigenetic modification and its dynamic regulation that fine-tunes the gene expression of multiple pathways during development. It maintains the gene expression of one generation of cells; particularly, the mitotic inheritance of gene-expression patterns makes it the key governing mechanism of epigenetic change to the next generation of cells. Convincing evidence from recent discoveries suggests that the dynamic regulation of DNA methylation is accomplished by the enzymatic action of TET dioxygenase, which oxidizes the methyl group of cytosine and activates transcription. As a result of aberrant DNA modifications, genes are improperly activated or inhibited in the inappropriate cellular context, contributing to a plethora of inheritable diseases, including cancer. We outline recent advancements in understanding how DNA modifications contribute to tumor suppressor gene silencing or oncogenic-gene stimulation, as well as dysregulation of DNA methylation in cancer progression. In addition, we emphasize the function of PARP1 enzymatic activity or inhibition in the maintenance of DNA methylation dysregulation. In the context of cancer remediation, the impact of DNA methylation and PARP1 pharmacological inhibitors, and their relevance as a combination therapy are highlighted.
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