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Karunasagara S, Taghizadeh A, Kim SH, Kim SJ, Kim YJ, Taghizadeh M, Kim MY, Oh KY, Lee JH, Kim HS, Hyun J, Kim HW. Tissue Mechanics and Hedgehog Signaling Crosstalk as a Key Epithelial-Stromal Interplay in Cancer Development. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024:e2400063. [PMID: 38976559 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202400063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
Epithelial-stromal interplay through chemomechanical cues from cells and matrix propels cancer progression. Elevated tissue stiffness in potentially malignant tissues suggests a link between matrix stiffness and enhanced tumor growth. In this study, employing chronic oral/esophageal injury and cancer models, it is demonstrated that epithelial-stromal interplay through matrix stiffness and Hedgehog (Hh) signaling is key in compounding cancer development. Epithelial cells actively interact with fibroblasts, exchanging mechanoresponsive signals during the precancerous stage. Specifically, epithelial cells release Sonic Hh, activating fibroblasts to produce matrix proteins and remodeling enzymes, resulting in tissue stiffening. Subsequently, basal epithelial cells adjacent to the stiffened tissue become proliferative and undergo epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, acquiring migratory and invasive properties, thereby promoting invasive tumor growth. Notably, transcriptomic programs of oncogenic GLI2, mechano-activated by actin cytoskeletal tension, govern this process, elucidating the crucial role of non-canonical GLI2 activation in orchestrating the proliferation and mesenchymal transition of epithelial cells. Furthermore, pharmacological intervention targeting tissue stiffening proves highly effective in slowing cancer progression. These findings underscore the impact of epithelial-stromal interplay through chemo-mechanical (Hh-stiffness) signaling in cancer development, and suggest that targeting tissue stiffness holds promise as a strategy to disrupt chemo-mechanical feedback, enabling effective cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanika Karunasagara
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Ali Taghizadeh
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Hyun Kim
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science & Technology, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - So Jung Kim
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Jae Kim
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Mohsen Taghizadeh
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Moon-Young Kim
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Dentistry, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu-Young Oh
- Department of Oral Pathology, College of Dentistry, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Hwan Lee
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
- Mechanobiology Dental Medicine Research Center, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
- UCL Eastman-Korea Dental Medicine Innovation Centre, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Dentistry, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
- Cell & Matter Institute, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Sung Kim
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
- Mechanobiology Dental Medicine Research Center, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
- UCL Eastman-Korea Dental Medicine Innovation Centre, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongeun Hyun
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
- Mechanobiology Dental Medicine Research Center, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
- UCL Eastman-Korea Dental Medicine Innovation Centre, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
- Department of Regenerative Dental Medicine, College of Dentistry, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae-Won Kim
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
- Mechanobiology Dental Medicine Research Center, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
- UCL Eastman-Korea Dental Medicine Innovation Centre, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
- Department of Regenerative Dental Medicine, College of Dentistry, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
- Cell & Matter Institute, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
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Dutta G, Alex R, Singh A, Gowane GR, Vohra V, De S, Verma A, Ludri A. Functional transcriptome analysis revealed upregulation of MAPK-SMAD signalling pathways in chronic heat stress in crossbred cattle. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMETEOROLOGY 2024; 68:1371-1385. [PMID: 38720050 DOI: 10.1007/s00484-024-02672-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/26/2024]
Abstract
Animal geneticists and breeders have the impending challenge of enhancing the resilience of Indian livestock to heat stress through better selection strategies. Climate change's impact on livestock is more intense in tropical countries like India where dairy cattle crossbreeds are more sensitive to heat stress. The main reason for this study was to find the missing relative changes in transcript levels in thermo-neutral and heat stress conditions in crossbred cattle through whole-transcriptome analysis of RNA-Seq data. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) identified based on the minimum log twofold change value and false discovery rate 0.05 revealed 468 up-regulated genes and 2273 down-regulated significant genes. Functional annotation and pathway analysis of these significant DEGs were compared based on Gene Ontology (Biological process), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genome (KEGG), and Reactome pathways using g: Profiler, ShinyGO v0.76, and iDEP.951 web tools. On finding network visualization, the most over-represented and correlated pathways were neuronal and sensory organ development, calcium signalling pathway, Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and Smad signalling pathway, Ras-proximate-1, or Ras-related protein 1 (Rap 1) signalling pathway, apoptosis, and oxidative stress. Similarly, down-regulated genes were most expressed in mRNA processing, immune system, B-cell receptor signalling pathway, Nucleotide oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptors (NLRs) signalling pathway and nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) pathway. The heat stress-responsive genes identified in this study will facilitate our understanding of the molecular basis for climate resilience and heat tolerance in Indian dairy crossbreeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Dutta
- Animal Genetics and Breeding, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, 132001, India
| | - Rani Alex
- Animal Genetics and Breeding, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, 132001, India.
| | - Ayushi Singh
- Animal Genetics and Breeding, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, 132001, India
| | - Gopal R Gowane
- Animal Genetics and Breeding, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, 132001, India
| | - Vikas Vohra
- Animal Genetics and Breeding, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, 132001, India
| | - Sachidanandan De
- Animal Genetics and Breeding, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, 132001, India
| | - Archana Verma
- Animal Genetics and Breeding, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, 132001, India
| | - Ashutosh Ludri
- Animal Genetics and Breeding, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, 132001, India
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Chen YC, Gowda K, Amin S, Schell TD, Sharma AK, Robertson GP. Pharmacological agents targeting drug-tolerant persister cells in cancer. Pharmacol Res 2024; 203:107163. [PMID: 38569982 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Current cancer therapy can be effective, but the development of drug resistant disease is the usual outcome. These drugs can eliminate most of the tumor burden but often fail to eliminate the rare, "Drug Tolerant Persister" (DTP) cell subpopulations in residual tumors, which can be referred to as "Persister" cells. Therefore, novel therapeutic agents specifically targeting or preventing the development of drug-resistant tumors mediated by the remaining persister cells subpopulations are needed. Since approximately ninety percent of cancer-related deaths occur because of the eventual development of drug resistance, identifying, and dissecting the biology of the persister cells is essential for the creation of drugs to target them. While there remains uncertainty surrounding all the markers identifying DTP cells in the literature, this review summarizes the drugs and therapeutic approaches that are available to target the persister cell subpopulations expressing the cellular markers ATP-binding cassette sub-family B member 5 (ABCB5), CD133, CD271, Lysine-specific histone demethylase 5 (KDM5), and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH). Persister cells expressing these markers were selected as the focus of this review because they have been found on cells surviving following drug treatments that promote recurrent drug resistant cancer and are associated with stem cell-like properties, including self-renewal, differentiation, and resistance to therapy. The limitations and obstacles facing the development of agents targeting these DTP cell subpopulations are detailed, with discussion of potential solutions and current research areas needing further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chi Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Krishne Gowda
- Department of Pharmacology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Shantu Amin
- Department of Pharmacology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Todd D Schell
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Arun K Sharma
- Department of Pharmacology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Gavin P Robertson
- Department of Pharmacology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA; Department of Pathology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA; Department of Dermatology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA; Department of Surgery, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA; The Pennsylvania State University Melanoma and Skin Cancer Center, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA; Penn State Melanoma Therapeutics Program, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA.
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Gallinson DG, Kozakiewicz CP, Rautsaw RM, Beer MA, Ruiz-Aravena M, Comte S, Hamilton DG, Kerlin DH, McCallum HI, Hamede R, Jones ME, Storfer A, McMinds R, Margres MJ. Intergenomic signatures of coevolution between Tasmanian devils and an infectious cancer. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2307780121. [PMID: 38466855 PMCID: PMC10962979 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2307780121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Coevolution is common and frequently governs host-pathogen interaction outcomes. Phenotypes underlying these interactions often manifest as the combined products of the genomes of interacting species, yet traditional quantitative trait mapping approaches ignore these intergenomic interactions. Devil facial tumor disease (DFTD), an infectious cancer afflicting Tasmanian devils (Sarcophilus harrisii), has decimated devil populations due to universal host susceptibility and a fatality rate approaching 100%. Here, we used a recently developed joint genome-wide association study (i.e., co-GWAS) approach, 15 y of mark-recapture data, and 960 genomes to identify intergenomic signatures of coevolution between devils and DFTD. Using a traditional GWA approach, we found that both devil and DFTD genomes explained a substantial proportion of variance in how quickly susceptible devils became infected, although genomic architectures differed across devils and DFTD; the devil genome had fewer loci of large effect whereas the DFTD genome had a more polygenic architecture. Using a co-GWA approach, devil-DFTD intergenomic interactions explained ~3× more variation in how quickly susceptible devils became infected than either genome alone, and the top genotype-by-genotype interactions were significantly enriched for cancer genes and signatures of selection. A devil regulatory mutation was associated with differential expression of a candidate cancer gene and showed putative allele matching effects with two DFTD coding sequence variants. Our results highlight the need to account for intergenomic interactions when investigating host-pathogen (co)evolution and emphasize the importance of such interactions when considering devil management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dylan G. Gallinson
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL33620
- College of Public Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL33620
| | - Christopher P. Kozakiewicz
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA99163
- W.K. Kellogg Biological Station, Department of Integrative Biology, Michigan State University, Hickory Corners, MI49060
| | - Rhett M. Rautsaw
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL33620
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA99163
| | - Marc A. Beer
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA99163
| | - Manuel Ruiz-Aravena
- School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS7001, Australia
- Department of Public and Ecosystem Health, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY14853
| | - Sebastien Comte
- School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS7001, Australia
- New South Wales Department of Primary Industries, Vertebrate Pest Research Unit, Orange, NSW2800, Australia
| | - David G. Hamilton
- School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS7001, Australia
| | - Douglas H. Kerlin
- Centre for Planetary Health and Food Security, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD4111, Australia
| | - Hamish I. McCallum
- Centre for Planetary Health and Food Security, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD4111, Australia
| | - Rodrigo Hamede
- School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS7001, Australia
- CANECEV Centre de Recherches Ecologiques et Evolutives sur le Cancer, Montpellier34394, France
| | - Menna E. Jones
- School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS7001, Australia
| | - Andrew Storfer
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA99163
| | - Ryan McMinds
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL33620
- College of Public Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL33620
| | - Mark J. Margres
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL33620
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Juan-Guadarrama DG, Beltrán-Navarro YM, Reyes-Cruz G, Vázquez-Prado J. Ephexin3/ARHGEF5 Together with Cell Migration Signaling Partners within the Tumor Microenvironment Define Prognostic Transcriptional Signatures in Multiple Cancer Types. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16427. [PMID: 38003617 PMCID: PMC10671824 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer cell migration involves a repertoire of signaling proteins that lead cytoskeleton reorganization as a critical step in metastatic dissemination. RhoGEFs are multidomain effectors that integrate signaling inputs to activate the molecular switches that orchestrate actin cytoskeleton reorganization. Ephexins, a group of five RhoGEFs, play oncogenic roles in invasive and metastatic cancer, leading to a mechanistic hypothesis about their function as signaling nodes assembling functional complexes that guide cancer cell migration. To identify clinically significant Ephexin signaling partners, we applied three systematic data mining strategies, based on the screening of essential Ephexins in multiple cancer cell lines and the identification of coexpressed signaling partners in the TCGA cancer patient datasets. Based on the domain architecture of encoded proteins and gene ontology criteria, we selected Ephexin signaling partners with a role in cytoskeletal reorganization and cell migration. We focused on Ephexin3/ARHGEF5, identified as an essential gene in multiple cancer cell types. Based on significant coexpression data and coessentiality, the signaling repertoire that accompanies Ephexin3 corresponded to three groups: pan-cancer, cancer-specific and coessential. To further select the Ephexin3 signaling partners likely to be relevant in clinical settings, we first identified those whose high expression was statistical linked to shorter patient survival. The resulting Ephexin3 transcriptional signatures represent significant accumulated risk, predictive of shorter survival, in 17 cancer types, including PAAD, LUAD, LGG, OSC, AML, KIRC, THYM, BLCA, LIHC and UCEC. The signaling landscape that accompanies Ephexin3 in various cancer types included the tyrosine kinase receptor MET and the tyrosine phosphatase receptor PTPRF, the serine/threonine kinases MARK2 and PAK6, the Rho GTPases RHOD, RHOF and RAC1, and the cytoskeletal regulator DIAHP1. Our findings set the basis to further explore the role of Ephexin3/ARHGEF5 as an essential effector and signaling hub in cancer cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dante Gustavo Juan-Guadarrama
- Department of Pharmacology, Cinvestav-IPN, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, Col. San Pedro Zacatenco, Mexico City 07360, Mexico
| | - Yarely Mabell Beltrán-Navarro
- Department of Pharmacology, Cinvestav-IPN, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, Col. San Pedro Zacatenco, Mexico City 07360, Mexico
| | - Guadalupe Reyes-Cruz
- Department of Cell Biology, Cinvestav-IPN, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, Col. San Pedro Zacatenco, Mexico City 07360, Mexico
| | - José Vázquez-Prado
- Department of Pharmacology, Cinvestav-IPN, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, Col. San Pedro Zacatenco, Mexico City 07360, Mexico
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Trivedi R, Bhat KP. Liquid biopsy: creating opportunities in brain space. Br J Cancer 2023; 129:1727-1746. [PMID: 37752289 PMCID: PMC10667495 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-023-02446-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, liquid biopsy has emerged as an alternative method to diagnose and monitor tumors. Compared to classical tissue biopsy procedures, liquid biopsy facilitates the repetitive collection of diverse cellular and acellular analytes from various biofluids in a non/minimally invasive manner. This strategy is of greater significance for high-grade brain malignancies such as glioblastoma as the quantity and accessibility of tumors are limited, and there are collateral risks of compromised life quality coupled with surgical interventions. Currently, blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) are the most common biofluids used to collect circulating cells and biomolecules of tumor origin. These liquid biopsy analytes have created opportunities for real-time investigations of distinct genetic, epigenetic, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics alterations associated with brain tumors. This review describes different classes of liquid biopsy biomarkers present in the biofluids of brain tumor patients. Moreover, an overview of the liquid biopsy applications, challenges, recent technological advances, and clinical trials in the brain have also been provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh Trivedi
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Krishna P Bhat
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA
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Vera-Chang MN, Danforth JM, Stuart M, Goodarzi AA, Brand M, Richardson RB. Profound DNA methylomic differences between single- and multi-fraction alpha irradiations of lung fibroblasts. Clin Epigenetics 2023; 15:174. [PMID: 37891670 PMCID: PMC10612361 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-023-01564-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alpha (α)-radiation is a ubiquitous environmental agent with epigenotoxic effects. Human exposure to α-radiation at potentially harmful levels can occur repetitively over the long term via inhalation of naturally occurring radon gas that accumulates in enclosed spaces, or as a result of a single exposure from a nuclear accident. Alterations in epigenetic DNA methylation (DNAm) have been implicated in normal aging and cancer pathogenesis. Nevertheless, the effects of aberrations in the methylome of human lung cells following exposure to single or multiple α-irradiation events on these processes remain unexplored. RESULTS We performed genome-wide DNAm profiling of human embryonic lung fibroblasts from control and irradiated cells using americium-241 α-sources. Cells were α-irradiated in quadruplicates to seven doses using two exposure regimens, a single-fraction (SF) where the total dose was given at once, and a multi-fraction (MF) method, where the total dose was equally distributed over 14 consecutive days. Our results revealed that SF irradiations were prone to a decrease in DNAm levels, while MF irradiations mostly increased DNAm. The analysis also showed that the gene body (i.e., exons and introns) was the region most altered by both the SF hypomethylation and the MF hypermethylation. Additionally, the MF irradiations induced the highest number of differentially methylated regions in genes associated with DNAm biomarkers of aging, carcinogenesis, and cardiovascular disease. The DNAm profile of the oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes suggests that the fibroblasts manifested a defensive response to the MF α-irradiation. Key DNAm events of ionizing radiation exposure, including changes in methylation levels in mitochondria dysfunction-related genes, were mainly identified in the MF groups. However, these alterations were under-represented, indicating that the mitochondria undergo adaptive mechanisms, aside from DNAm, in response to radiation-induced oxidative stress. CONCLUSIONS We identified a contrasting methylomic profile in the lung fibroblasts α-irradiated to SF compared with MF exposures. These findings demonstrate that the methylome response of the lung cells to α-radiation is highly dependent on both the total dose and the exposure regimen. They also provide novel insights into potential biomarkers of α-radiation, which may contribute to the development of innovative approaches to detect, prevent, and treat α-particle-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marilyn N Vera-Chang
- Radiobiology and Health Branch, Chalk River Laboratories, Canadian Nuclear Laboratories, Chalk River, ON, K0J 1J0, Canada
| | - John M Danforth
- Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Oncology, Cumming School of Medicine, Robson DNA Science Centre, Charbonneau Cancer Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Marilyne Stuart
- Environment and Waste Technologies Branch, Chalk River Laboratories, Canadian Nuclear Laboratories, Chalk River, ON, K0J 1J0, Canada
| | - Aaron A Goodarzi
- Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Oncology, Cumming School of Medicine, Robson DNA Science Centre, Charbonneau Cancer Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Marjorie Brand
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L6, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L6, Canada
| | - Richard B Richardson
- Radiobiology and Health Branch, Chalk River Laboratories, Canadian Nuclear Laboratories, Chalk River, ON, K0J 1J0, Canada.
- McGill Medical Physics Unit, Cedars Cancer Centre-Glen Site, Montreal, QC, H4A 3J1, Canada.
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Githaka JM, Pirayeshfard L, Goping IS. Cancer invasion and metastasis: Insights from murine pubertal mammary gland morphogenesis. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2023; 1867:130375. [PMID: 37150225 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2023.130375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Cancer invasion and metastasis accounts for the majority of cancer related mortality. A better understanding of the players that drive the aberrant invasion and migration of tumors cells will provide critical targets to inhibit metastasis. Postnatal pubertal mammary gland morphogenesis is characterized by highly proliferative, invasive, and migratory normal epithelial cells. Identifying the molecular regulators of pubertal gland development is a promising strategy since tumorigenesis and metastasis is postulated to be a consequence of aberrant reactivation of developmental stages. In this review, we summarize the pubertal morphogenesis regulators that are involved in cancer metastasis and revisit pubertal mammary gland transcriptome profiling to uncover both known and unknown metastasis genes. Our updated list of pubertal morphogenesis regulators shows that most are implicated in invasion and metastasis. This review highlights molecular linkages between development and metastasis and provides a guide for exploring novel metastatic drivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Maringa Githaka
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H7, Canada.
| | - Leila Pirayeshfard
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H7, Canada
| | - Ing Swie Goping
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H7, Canada; Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H7, Canada.
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Tong L, Wang S, Yang J, Zhang Q, Gu X, Mo T, Luo Y, Zhang C, Zhang J, Liu Y. Combined ARHGEF6 and Tumor Mutational Burden may serve as a potential biomarker for immunotherapy of lung adenocarcinoma. Heliyon 2023; 9:e18501. [PMID: 37600416 PMCID: PMC10432614 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
ARHGEF6, a member of the Dbl-related guanylate exchanger (GEF) family, is highly expressed in gastric cancer and glioma. However, scientists still do not know whether it plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of lung adenocarcinoma(LUAD). The prognostic significance of ARHGEF6 expression was assessed by TCGA data. This paper focuses on the level of immune infiltration associated with ARHGEF6 and explored the relationship of this gene with the tumor mutational burden (TMB), immune checkpoints, and drug sensitivity. The results showed that the high expression of ARHGEF6 was associated with a good prognosis in LUAD patients, and positively correlated with a variety of immune cells and drugs. Meanwhile, ARHGEF6 was found to be negatively correlated with TMB. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest that ARHGEF6 is a protective gene in LUAD patients. A combination of ARHGEF6 and TMB could be used as a potential biomarker in the screening of immunotherapy regimens, which are provided to patients with LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Tong
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
- Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Sichu Wang
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
- Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Juanjuan Yang
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Xue Gu
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
- Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Taoming Mo
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
- Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Yang Luo
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
- Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | | | - Jianguo Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Yifei Liu
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
- Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, China
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10
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Chen L, Xie X, Wang T, Xu L, Zhai Z, Wu H, Deng L, Lu Q, Chen Z, Yang X, Lu H, Chen YG, Luo S. ARL13B promotes angiogenesis and glioma growth by activating VEGFA-VEGFR2 signaling. Neuro Oncol 2023; 25:871-885. [PMID: 36322624 PMCID: PMC10158193 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noac245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumor angiogenesis is essential for solid tumor progression, invasion and metastasis. The aim of this study was to identify potential signaling pathways involved in tumor angiogenesis. METHODS Genetically engineered mouse models were used to investigate the effects of endothelial ARL13B(ADP-ribosylation factor-like GTPase 13B) over-expression and deficiency on retinal and cerebral vasculature. An intracranially transplanted glioma model and a subcutaneously implanted melanoma model were employed to examine the effects of ARL13B on tumor growth and angiogenesis. Immunohistochemistry was used to measure ARL13B in glioma tissues, and scRNA-seq was used to analyze glioma and endothelial ARL13B expression. GST-fusion protein-protein interaction and co-immunoprecipitation assays were used to determine the ARL13B-VEGFR2 interaction. Immunobloting, qPCR, dual-luciferase reporter assay and functional experiments were performed to evaluate the effects of ARL13B on VEGFR2 activation. RESULTS Endothelial ARL13B regulated vascular development of both the retina and brain in mice. Also, ARL13B in endothelial cells regulated the growth of intracranially transplanted glioma cells and subcutaneously implanted melanoma cells by controlling tumor angiogenesis. Interestingly, this effect was attributed to ARL13B interaction with VEGFR2, through which ARL13B regulated the membrane and ciliary localization of VEGFR2 and consequently activated its downstream signaling in endothelial cells. Consistent with its oncogenic role, ARL13B was highly expressed in human gliomas, which was well correlated with the poor prognosis of glioma patients. Remarkably, ARL13B, transcriptionally regulated by ZEB1, enhanced the expression of VEGFA by activating Hedgehog signaling in glioma cells. CONCLUSIONS ARL13B promotes angiogenesis and tumor growth by activating VEGFA-VEGFR2 signaling. Thus, targeting ARL13B might serve as a potential approach for developing an anti-glioma or anti-melanoma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limin Chen
- Center for Experimental Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xinsheng Xie
- Center for Experimental Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Tiantian Wang
- Center for Experimental Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Linlin Xu
- Center for Experimental Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Zhenyu Zhai
- Center for Experimental Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Haibin Wu
- Center for Experimental Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Libin Deng
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Quqin Lu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Zhengjun Chen
- Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao Yang
- Genetic Laboratory of Development and Disease, Institute of Lifeomics, National Center for Protein Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hua Lu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, USA
| | - Ye-Guang Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Shiwen Luo
- Center for Experimental Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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11
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Li Y, Liu C, Fan H, Du Y, Zhang R, Zhan S, Zhang G, Bu N. Gli2-induced lncRNA Peg13 alleviates cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury by suppressing Yy1 transcription in a PRC2 complex-dependent manner. Metab Brain Dis 2023; 38:1389-1404. [PMID: 36662414 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-023-01159-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Endothelial cell dysfunction plays an important role in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. LncRNA Peg13 is reported to be down-regulated in brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMVECs) induced by glucose-oxygen deprivation (OGD), but the mechanism of its involvement in I/R progression remains to be further explored. Here, mouse BMVECs (bEnd.3 cells) were treated with OGD / reoxygenation (OGD/R) to simulate I/R injury in vitro. Peg13 and Gli2 expression was decreased in OGD/R-treated bEnd.3 cells. And overexpression of Peg13 or Gli2 prevented OGD/R-induced reduction in cell migration and angiogenesis, as well as upregulation in cell apoptosis and oxidative stress levels. Mechanism exploration showed that Gli2 promoted the transcription of Peg13. And Peg13 repressed Yy1 transcription by binding to Ezh2 (a key subunit of PRC2 complex) and inducing the enrichment of H3K27me3 in Yy1 promoter region, thereby suppressing the transcriptional inhibition effect of Yy1 on Notch3 and promoting the expression of Notch3. Consistently, Notch3 overexpression hindered OGD/R-induced endothelium dysfunction. In addition, a brain I/R injury model was established using middle cerebral artery occlusion surgery. And lentivirus-mediated Gli2 and Peg13 overexpression vectors were injected into mice via the lateral ventricle one week before surgery. The results showed that overexpression of Peg13 or Gli2 alleviated I/R-induced neurological deficit, cerebral infarct and cerebral edema. And simultaneous overexpression of Peg13 and Gli2 showed a better protective effect than overexpression of Gli2 or Peg13 alone. In conclusion, Peg13 regulated by Gli2 inhibits Yy1 transcription in a PCR2 complex-dependent manner, and blocks the transcriptional repression of Notch3 by Yy1, thereby exerting neuroprotective effects on cerebral I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanling Li
- Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 157 Xiwulu, 710004, Xi'an, Shaanxi province, China.
| | - Chuntian Liu
- Department of Geriatrics, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi province, China
| | - Hong Fan
- Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 157 Xiwulu, 710004, Xi'an, Shaanxi province, China
| | - Yun Du
- Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 157 Xiwulu, 710004, Xi'an, Shaanxi province, China
| | - Ru Zhang
- Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 157 Xiwulu, 710004, Xi'an, Shaanxi province, China
| | - Shuqin Zhan
- Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 157 Xiwulu, 710004, Xi'an, Shaanxi province, China
| | - Guilian Zhang
- Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 157 Xiwulu, 710004, Xi'an, Shaanxi province, China
| | - Ning Bu
- Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 157 Xiwulu, 710004, Xi'an, Shaanxi province, China
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12
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ARHGEF3 regulates the stability of ACLY to promote the proliferation of lung cancer. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:870. [PMID: 36241648 PMCID: PMC9568610 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-05297-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Rho GTPases play an essential role in many cellular processes, including cell cycle progress, cell motility, invasion, migration, and transformation. Several studies indicated that the dysregulation of Rho GTPase signaling is closely related to tumorigenesis. Rho GEFs considered being positive regulators of Rho GTPase, promoting the dissociation of Rho protein from GDP and binding to GTP, thus activating the downstream signaling pathway. Herein, we demonstrated that ARHGEF3, a member of the Rho GEFs family, played an important role in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We found that ARHGEF3 was highly expressed in non-small cell lung cancer and facilitated cancer cell proliferation of NSCLC cells in vitro and in vivo. Further studies demonstrated that ARHGEF3 enhanced the protein homeostasis of ATP-citrate lyase (ACLY) by reducing its acetylation on Lys17 and Lys86, leading to the dissociation between ACLY and its E3 ligase-NEDD4. Interestingly, this function of ARHGEF3 on the protein homeostasis of ACLY was independent of its GEF activity. Taken together, our findings uncover a novel function of ARHGEF3, suggesting that ARHGEF3 is a promising therapeutic target in non-small cell lung cancer.
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13
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Liu X, Song J, Kang Y, Wang Y, Chen A. CircPDSS1 promotes the proliferation, invasion, migration, and EMT of breast cancer cell via regulating miR-320c/CKAP5 axis. Cancer Cell Int 2022; 22:238. [PMID: 35902921 PMCID: PMC9331068 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-022-02657-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Breast cancer (BC) poses serious threats to women’s health. A large number of reports have proved that circular RNAs (circRNAs) exert vital functions in human cancers, including BC. Methods The function of circPDSS1 in BC cells was tested by CCK-8, colony formation, TUNEL, transwell-invasion, wound healing, and IF assays. RNA pull down, luciferase reporter and RIP assays were employed to verify the relationship among circPDSS1, miR-320c and CKAP5. Results CircPDSS1 was upregulated in BC cells, and circPDSS1 knockdown repressed BC cell malignant behaviors. Further, circPDSS1 was found to bind to miR-320c in BC cells, and miR-320c overexpression suppressed malignant processes of BC cells. MiR-320c could also bind to CKAP5. Moreover, miR-320c inhibition increased the level of CKAP5, but circPDSS1 downregulation decreased the level of CKAP5. Finally, rescue experiments indicated that CKAP5 knockdown countervailed the promoting effect of miR-320c inhibition on the malignant behaviors of circPDSS1-depleted BC cells. Conclusions CircPDSS1 promotes proliferation, invasion, migration as well as EMT of BC cells by modulating miR-320c/CKAP5 axis. Our finding may be useful for researchers to find new potential therapeutic or diagnostic targets for BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Liu
- Department of Breast Oncology, Hainan Cancer Hospital, West fourth Street, Changbin, Xiuying District, Hainan, 570100, China.
| | - Jingyong Song
- Department of Breast Oncology, Hainan Cancer Hospital, West fourth Street, Changbin, Xiuying District, Hainan, 570100, China
| | - Yu Kang
- Department of Breast Oncology, Hainan Cancer Hospital, West fourth Street, Changbin, Xiuying District, Hainan, 570100, China
| | - Yaojia Wang
- Department of Breast Oncology, Hainan Cancer Hospital, West fourth Street, Changbin, Xiuying District, Hainan, 570100, China
| | - Anyue Chen
- Department of Breast Oncology, Hainan Cancer Hospital, West fourth Street, Changbin, Xiuying District, Hainan, 570100, China
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14
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Wu H, Wei M, Li Y, Ma Q, Zhang H. Research Progress on the Regulation Mechanism of Key Signal Pathways Affecting the Prognosis of Glioma. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15. [DOI: https:/doi.org/10.3389/fnmol.2022.910543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
As is known to all, glioma, a global difficult problem, has a high malignant degree, high recurrence rate and poor prognosis. We analyzed and summarized signal pathway of the Hippo/YAP, PI3K/AKT/mTOR, miRNA, WNT/β-catenin, Notch, Hedgehog, TGF-β, TCS/mTORC1 signal pathway, JAK/STAT signal pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, the relationship between BBB and signal pathways and the mechanism of key enzymes in glioma. It is concluded that Yap1 inhibitor may become an effective target for the treatment of glioma in the near future through efforts of generation after generation. Inhibiting PI3K/Akt/mTOR, Shh, Wnt/β-Catenin, and HIF-1α can reduce the migration ability and drug resistance of tumor cells to improve the prognosis of glioma. The analysis shows that Notch1 and Sox2 have a positive feedback regulation mechanism, and Notch4 predicts the malignant degree of glioma. In this way, notch cannot only be treated for glioma stem cells in clinic, but also be used as an evaluation index to evaluate the prognosis, and provide an exploratory attempt for the direction of glioma treatment. MiRNA plays an important role in diagnosis, and in the treatment of glioma, VPS25, KCNQ1OT1, KB-1460A1.5, and CKAP4 are promising prognostic indicators and a potential therapeutic targets for glioma, meanwhile, Rheb is also a potent activator of Signaling cross-talk etc. It is believed that these studies will help us to have a deeper understanding of glioma, so that we will find new and better treatment schemes to gradually conquer the problem of glioma.
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15
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Wu H, Wei M, Li Y, Ma Q, Zhang H. Research Progress on the Regulation Mechanism of Key Signal Pathways Affecting the Prognosis of Glioma. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:910543. [PMID: 35935338 PMCID: PMC9354928 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.910543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
As is known to all, glioma, a global difficult problem, has a high malignant degree, high recurrence rate and poor prognosis. We analyzed and summarized signal pathway of the Hippo/YAP, PI3K/AKT/mTOR, miRNA, WNT/β-catenin, Notch, Hedgehog, TGF-β, TCS/mTORC1 signal pathway, JAK/STAT signal pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, the relationship between BBB and signal pathways and the mechanism of key enzymes in glioma. It is concluded that Yap1 inhibitor may become an effective target for the treatment of glioma in the near future through efforts of generation after generation. Inhibiting PI3K/Akt/mTOR, Shh, Wnt/β-Catenin, and HIF-1α can reduce the migration ability and drug resistance of tumor cells to improve the prognosis of glioma. The analysis shows that Notch1 and Sox2 have a positive feedback regulation mechanism, and Notch4 predicts the malignant degree of glioma. In this way, notch cannot only be treated for glioma stem cells in clinic, but also be used as an evaluation index to evaluate the prognosis, and provide an exploratory attempt for the direction of glioma treatment. MiRNA plays an important role in diagnosis, and in the treatment of glioma, VPS25, KCNQ1OT1, KB-1460A1.5, and CKAP4 are promising prognostic indicators and a potential therapeutic targets for glioma, meanwhile, Rheb is also a potent activator of Signaling cross-talk etc. It is believed that these studies will help us to have a deeper understanding of glioma, so that we will find new and better treatment schemes to gradually conquer the problem of glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wu
- Graduate School of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Yangzhou School of Clinical Medicine of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Min Wei
- Graduate School of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Yangzhou School of Clinical Medicine of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yuping Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Yangzhou School of Clinical Medicine of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Qiang Ma
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Yangzhou School of Clinical Medicine of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Hengzhu Zhang
- Graduate School of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Yangzhou School of Clinical Medicine of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- *Correspondence: Hengzhu Zhang,
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16
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Zhang J, Ding X, Peng K, Jia Z, Yang J. Identification of biomarkers for immunotherapy response in prostate cancer and potential drugs to alleviate immunosuppression. Aging (Albany NY) 2022; 14:4839-4857. [PMID: 35680563 PMCID: PMC9217695 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Background: Immunotherapy has a significant effect on the treatment of many tumor types. However, prostate cancers generally fail to show significant responses to immunotherapy owing to their immunosuppressive microenvironments. To sustain progress towards more effective immunotherapy for prostate cancer, comprehensive analyses of the genetic characteristics of the immune microenvironment and novel therapeutic strategies are required. Methods: The transcriptome profiles of patients with prostate cancer were obtained from GEO and processed with the TIDE algorithm to predict their responses to immunotherapy. Next, the significant differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the responder and non-responder groups were identified and used to compute the co-expression modules by WGCNA. Then, co-expression networks were constructed and survival analysis was applied to hub genes. Finally, drug candidates to alleviate immunosuppression were filtered in prostate cancer using GSEA based on hub genes. Results: In total, we identified 2758 significant DEGs and constructed 16 co-expression modules, seven of which were significantly correlated with the immune response score. In total, 133 hub genes were identified, of which 13 were significantly associated with prostate cancer prognosis. Co-expression networks of hub genes were constructed with KMT2B at the center. Finally, six candidate drugs for prostate cancer immunotherapy were identified in PC3 and LNCaP cell lines. Conclusions: We obtained datasets from multiple platforms, performed integrated bioinformatic analysis to identify 133 hub genes and 13 biomarkers of an immunotherapy response, and six candidate drugs were filtered to inhibit the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, to ultimately improve patient responses to immunotherapy in prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinpeng Zhang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zheng Zhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.,Henan Institute of Urology, Tumor Molecular Biology Key Laboratory of Zhengzhou, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zheng Zhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.,Department of Urology, Henan Province People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Zheng Zhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xiaohui Ding
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zheng Zhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.,Henan Institute of Urology, Tumor Molecular Biology Key Laboratory of Zhengzhou, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zheng Zhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Kun Peng
- Department of Urology, Henan Province People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Zheng Zhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zhankui Jia
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zheng Zhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.,Henan Institute of Urology, Tumor Molecular Biology Key Laboratory of Zhengzhou, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zheng Zhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jinjian Yang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zheng Zhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.,Henan Institute of Urology, Tumor Molecular Biology Key Laboratory of Zhengzhou, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zheng Zhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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17
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Su GF, Huang ZX, Huang DL, Chen PX, Wang Y, Wang YF. Cepharanthine hydrochloride inhibits the Wnt/β‑catenin/Hedgehog signaling axis in liver cancer. Oncol Rep 2022; 47:83. [PMID: 35211762 PMCID: PMC8908316 DOI: 10.3892/or.2022.8294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Cepharanthine, a biscoclaurine alkaloid isolated from the roots of Stephania cephalantha Hayata, has been reported to demonstrate antitumor activity across multiple cancer types; however, the mechanisms are still under investigation. High transcriptional responses by both the Hedgehog and Wnt pathways are frequently associated with specific human cancers, including liver cancer. To investigate whether these signaling pathways are involved in the pharmaceutical action of cepharanthine, we investigated Hedgehog and Wnt signaling in models of liver cancer treated with a semi‑synthetic cepharanthine derivative, cepharanthine hydrochloride (CH), in vitro and in vivo. By using MTT cytotoxic, scratch, Transwell, colony formation and flow cytometry assays, the pharmaceutical effect of CH was assessed. The compound was found to inhibit cellular proliferation and invasion, and promote apoptosis. Subsequent mechanistic investigations revealed that CH suppressed the Hedgehog/Gli1 signaling pathway by inhibiting Gli1 transcription and its transcriptional activity. CH also inhibited Wnt/β‑catenin signaling, and the pathway was found to be an upstream regulator of Hedgehog signaling in CH‑treated liver cancer cells. Finally, the antitumor effects of CH were demonstrated in an in vivo xenograft tumor model. Immunohistochemical analysis indicated that Gli1 protein levels were diminished in CH‑treated xenografts, compared with that noted in the controls. In summary, our results highlight a novel pharmaceutical antitumor mechanism of cepharanthine and provide support for CH as a clinical therapy for refractory liver cancer and other Wnt/Hedgehog‑driven cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gui-Feng Su
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
| | - Ze-Xiu Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
| | - Deng-Liang Huang
- Central Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai 810001, P.R. China
| | - Peng-Xiao Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
| | - Yao Wang
- Guangzhou Jinan Biomedicine Research and Development Center Co. Ltd., Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
| | - Yi-Fei Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
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18
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Meng L, Zhang Y, He X, Hu C. LncRNA H19 modulates neuropathic pain through miR-141/GLI2 axis in chronic constriction injury (CCI) rats. Transpl Immunol 2022; 71:101526. [PMID: 34999183 DOI: 10.1016/j.trim.2021.101526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The participation of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in progressions of chronic pain has been evaluated. We explored mechanisms of lncRNA H19 in chronic constriction injury (CCI)-induced neuropathic pain model in vivo. METHODS The expressions of lncRNA H19, microRNA-141, and GLI Family Zinc Finger 2 (GLI2) in CCI rats were determined by using RT-qPCR. Paw withdrawal threshold (PWT) and paw withdrawal latency (PWL) were used as neuropathic pain index implying mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia. The protein concentrations of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α in rats were examined by ELISA assay. RT-qPCR analyzed gene expression changes of lncRNA H19, miR-141 and GLI2. Online bioinformatics predictions supported that the bindings between miR-141 and GLI2 and dual luciferase reporter method, and RNA pull-down assays determined connections within lncRNA H19, miR-141 and GLI2 in HEK 293 cells. RESULTS LncRNA H19 was upregulated in the tissues of rats. Also, thermal hyperalgesia and mechanical allodynia were inhibited by lncRNA H19 suppression in rats. Moreover, IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α protein concentrations were suppressed by the downregulation of lncRNA H19 in rats. Furthermore, miR-141 was reduced in CCI rats and restored by the lncRNA H19 knockdown, suggesting the potential negative associations of miR-141 with lncRNA H19. GLI2 targeted miR-141 and GLI2 was increased in CCI rats. Additionally, the neuropathic pain was inhibited by the inhibition of GLI2 in rats, which was reversed by the miR-141 inhibitors. CONCLUSION LncRNA H19 aggravated the neuropathic pain of CCI rats through miR-141/GLI2 axis, implying that lncRNA H19 might be a biomarker for the inflammation-related neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lifeng Meng
- Anesthesia Department, Zhuji People's Hospital of Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yanfeng Zhang
- Anesthesia pain Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University Hospital, China
| | - Xiner He
- Nurse of Operating Room, Zhuji People's Hospital of Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Changen Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shaoxing Central Hospital, No.1 Huayu Road, Shaoxing City, Zhejiang Province 313030, China.
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19
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Zeng S, Zhou F, Wang Y, Zhai Z, Xu L, Wang H, Chen X, Luo S, Cheng M. Aberrant expression of the extracellular matrix component Biglycan regulated by Hedgehog signalling promotes colorectal cancer cell proliferation. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2021; 54:243-251. [PMID: 35130618 PMCID: PMC9909327 DOI: 10.3724/abbs.2021018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Hedgehog (Hh) signalling plays essential roles in regulating embryonic development and contributes to tumour initiation, growth and progression in multiple cancers. The detailed mechanism by which Hh signalling participates in tumour growth warrants thorough study, although several downstream target genes have been identified. Herein, a set of novel targets of Hh signalling was identified in multiple types of tumour cells via RNA-Seq analysis. Among these targets, the expression regulation and oncogenic function of the extracellular matrix component biglycan (BGN) were investigated. Further investigation verified that Hh signalling activates the expression of BGN via the transcription factor Gli2, which directly binds to the promoter region of BGN. Functional assays revealed that BGN facilitates tumour cell growth and proliferation in colorectal cancer (CRC) cells, and xenograft assays confirmed that BGN also promotes tumour growth . Moreover, analysis of clinical CRC samples showed that both the protein and mRNA levels of BGN are increased in CRC tissues compared to those in adjacent tissues, and higher expression of BGN is correlated with poorer prognosis of CRC patients, further confirming the function of BGN in CRC. Taken together, aberrantly activated Hh signalling increases the expression of BGN, possibly regulates the extracellular matrix, and thereby promotes tumour growth in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaopeng Zeng
- Center for Experimental Medicinethe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityNanchang330006China,Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision MedicineNanchang330006China
| | - Feifei Zhou
- Center for Experimental Medicinethe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityNanchang330006China,Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision MedicineNanchang330006China,School of Basic Medical SciencesNanchang UniversityNanchang330006China
| | - Yiqing Wang
- Center for Experimental Medicinethe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityNanchang330006China,Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision MedicineNanchang330006China
| | - Zhenyu Zhai
- Center for Experimental Medicinethe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityNanchang330006China,Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision MedicineNanchang330006China
| | - Linlin Xu
- Center for Experimental Medicinethe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityNanchang330006China,Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision MedicineNanchang330006China
| | - Hailong Wang
- Center for Experimental Medicinethe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityNanchang330006China,Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision MedicineNanchang330006China
| | - Xinping Chen
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecologythe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityNanchang330006China
| | - Shiwen Luo
- Center for Experimental Medicinethe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityNanchang330006China,Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision MedicineNanchang330006China
| | - Minzhang Cheng
- Center for Experimental Medicinethe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityNanchang330006China,Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision MedicineNanchang330006China,Correspondence address. Tel: +86-791-88692139; E-mail:
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20
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Chen YP, Yuan L, Lin HR, Huang XK, Ruan JC, Zhuo ZJ. AURKA gene polymorphisms and central nervous system tumor susceptibility in Chinese children. Discov Oncol 2021; 12:62. [PMID: 35201446 PMCID: PMC8777528 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-021-00459-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Central nervous system (CNS) tumors comprise 15-20% of all malignancies occurring in childhood and adolescence. Previous researches have shown that overexpression and amplification of the AURKA gene could induce multiple human malignancies, with which the connection of CNS tumor susceptibility has not been extensively studied. MATERIAL AND METHODS In this study, we assessed whether and to what extent AURKA gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (rs1047972 C > T, rs2273535 T > A, rs8173 G > C) were associated with CNS tumor susceptibility, based on a case-control analysis in 191 CNS tumor patients and 248 controls. We determined this correlation using odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS AURKA gene rs8173 G > C exhibited a crucial function to CNS tumor susceptibility fall-off (GC/CC vs. GG: adjusted OR = 0.68, 95% CI = 0.46-0.998, P = 0.049). In addition, the combined effect of lowering the risk of developing CNS tumors was more pronounced in carriers with 3 protective genotypes than others (adjusted OR = 0.55, 95% CI = 0.31-0.98, P = 0.044). Further stratification analysis illustrated that the existence of rs8173 GC/CC and three protective genotypes lowered CNS tumor risk in some subgroups. CONCLUSIONS Our research suggested that the AURKA gene rs8173 G > C could significantly reduce CNS tumor susceptibility in Chinese children. More functional experiments are needed to explore the role of the AURKA gene rs8173 G > C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Ping Chen
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research in Structural Birth Defect Disease, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, 9 Jinsui Road, Guangzhou, 510623, Guangdong, China
| | - Li Yuan
- Department of Pathology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623, Guangdong, China
| | - Hui-Ran Lin
- Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, 999078, China
| | - Xiao-Kai Huang
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 109 West Xueyuan Road, Wenzhou, 325027, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ji-Chen Ruan
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 109 West Xueyuan Road, Wenzhou, 325027, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Zhen-Jian Zhuo
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research in Structural Birth Defect Disease, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, 9 Jinsui Road, Guangzhou, 510623, Guangdong, China.
- Laboratory Animal Center, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China.
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21
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Tanigawa S, Fujita M, Moyama C, Ando S, Ii H, Kojima Y, Fujishita T, Aoki M, Takeuchi H, Yamanaka T, Takahashi Y, Hashimoto N, Nakata S. Inhibition of Gli2 suppresses tumorigenicity in glioblastoma stem cells derived from a de novo murine brain cancer model. Cancer Gene Ther 2021; 28:1339-1352. [PMID: 33414520 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-020-00282-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The prognosis of glioblastoma remains poor despite intensive research efforts. Glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs) contribute to tumorigenesis, invasive capacity, and therapy resistance. Leucine-rich repeat-containing G-protein coupled receptor 5 (Lgr5), a stem cell marker, is involved in the maintenance of GSCs, although the properties of Lgr5-positive GSCs remain unclear. Here, the Sleeping-Beauty transposon-induced glioblastoma model was used in Lgr5-GFP knock-in mice identify GFP-positive cells in neurosphere cultures from mouse glioblastoma tissues. Global gene expression analysis showed that Gli2 was highly expressed in GFP-positive GSCs. Gli2 knockdown using lentiviral-mediated shRNA downregulated Hedgehog-related and Wnt signaling pathway-related genes, including Lgr5; suppressed tumor cell proliferation and invasion capacity; and induced apoptosis. Pharmacological Gli inhibition with GANT61 suppressed tumor cell proliferation. Silencing Gli2 suppressed the tumorigenicity of GSCs in an orthotopic transplantation model in vivo. These findings suggest that Gli2 affects the Hedgehog and Wnt pathways and plays an important role in GSC maintenance, suggesting Gli2 as a therapeutic target for glioblastoma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seisuke Tanigawa
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan.,Department of Neurosurgery, Kyoto Prefectural University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Mitsugu Fujita
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kindai University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Chiami Moyama
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shota Ando
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiromi Ii
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yasushi Kojima
- Division of Pathophysiology, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Teruaki Fujishita
- Division of Pathophysiology, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Masahiro Aoki
- Division of Pathophysiology, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan.,Department of Cancer Physiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hayato Takeuchi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kyoto Prefectural University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takumi Yamanaka
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kyoto Prefectural University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yoshinobu Takahashi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kyoto Prefectural University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Naoya Hashimoto
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kyoto Prefectural University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Susumu Nakata
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan.
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22
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Characterizing the Genomic Profile in High-Grade Gliomas: From Tumor Core to Peritumoral Brain Zone, Passing through Glioma-Derived Tumorspheres. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10111157. [PMID: 34827152 PMCID: PMC8615186 DOI: 10.3390/biology10111157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma is an extremely heterogeneous disease. Treatment failure and tumor recurrence primarily reflect the presence in the tumor core (TC) of the glioma stem cells (GSCs), and secondly the contribution, still to be defined, of the peritumoral brain zone (PBZ). Using the array-CGH platform, we deepened the genomic knowledge about the different components of GBM and we identified new specific biomarkers useful for new therapies. We firstly investigated the genomic profile of 20 TCs of GBM; then, for 14 cases and 7 cases, respectively, we compared these genomic profiles with those of the related GSC cultures and PBZ biopsies. The analysis on 20 TCs confirmed the intertumoral heterogeneity and a high percentage of copy number alterations (CNAs) in GBM canonical pathways. Comparing the genomic profiles of 14 TC-GSC pairs, we evidenced a robust similarity among the two samples of each patient. The shared imbalanced genes are related to the development and progression of cancer and in metabolic pathways, as shown by bioinformatic analysis using DAVID. Finally, the comparison between 7 TC-PBZ pairs leads to the identification of PBZ-unique alterations that require further investigation.
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23
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Lu Y, Zhang B, Wang B, Wu D, Wang C, Gao Y, Liang W, Xi H, Wang X, Chen L. MiR-144-3p inhibits gastric cancer progression and stemness via directly targeting GLI2 involved in hedgehog pathway. J Transl Med 2021; 19:432. [PMID: 34657624 PMCID: PMC8521984 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-021-03093-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Gastric cancer (GC) is the fifth most commonly diagnosed cancer worldwide. Due to the dismal prognosis, identifying novel therapeutic targets in GC is urgently needed. Evidences have shown that miRNAs played critical roles in the regulation of tumor initiation and progression. GLI family zinc finger 2 (GLI2) has been reported to be up-regulated and facilitate cancer progression in multiple malignancies. In this study, we focused on identifying GLI2-targeted miRNAs and clarifying the underlying mechanism in GC. Methods Paired fresh gastric cancer tissues were collected from gastrectomy patients. GLI2 and miRNAs expression were detected in gastric cancer tissues and cell lines. Bioinformatics analysis was used to predict GLI2-targeted miRNAs and dual-luciferase reporter assay was applied for target verification. CCK-8, clone formation, transwell and flow cytometry were carried out to determine the proliferation, migration, invasion and cell cycle of gastric cancer cells. Tumorsphere formation assay and flow cytometry were performed to detail the stemness of gastric cancer stem cells (GCSCs). Xenograft models in nude mice were established to investigate the role of the miR-144-3p in vivo. Results GLI2 was frequently upregulated in GC and indicated a poor survival. Meanwhile, miR-144-3p was downregulated and negatively correlated with GLI2 in GC. GLI2 was a direct target gene of miR-144-3p. MiR-144-3p overexpression inhibited proliferation, migration and invasion of gastric cancer cells. Enhanced miR-144-3p expression inhibited tumorsphere formation and CD44 expression of GCSCs. Restoration of GLI2 expression partly reversed the suppressive effect of miR-144-3p. Xenograft assay showed that miR-144-3p could inhibit the tumorigenesis of GC in vivo. Conclusions MiR-144-3p was downregulated and served as an essential tumor suppressor in GC. Mechanistically, miR-144-3p inhibited gastric cancer progression and stemness by, at least in part, regulating GLI2 expression. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12967-021-03093-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixun Lu
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, 100853, China.,Department of General Surgery & Institute of General Surgery, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Benlong Zhang
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, 100853, China.,Department of General Surgery & Institute of General Surgery, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Baohua Wang
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, 100853, China.,Department of General Surgery & Institute of General Surgery, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Di Wu
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, 100853, China.,Department of General Surgery & Institute of General Surgery, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Chuang Wang
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, 100853, China.,Department of General Surgery & Institute of General Surgery, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Yunhe Gao
- Department of General Surgery & Institute of General Surgery, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Wenquan Liang
- Department of General Surgery & Institute of General Surgery, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Hongqing Xi
- Department of General Surgery & Institute of General Surgery, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Xinxin Wang
- Department of General Surgery & Institute of General Surgery, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Department of General Surgery & Institute of General Surgery, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China.
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24
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Double inhibition and activation mechanisms of Ephexin family RhoGEFs. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:2024465118. [PMID: 33597305 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2024465118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Ephexin family guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) transfer signals from Eph tyrosine kinase receptors to Rho GTPases, which play critical roles in diverse cellular processes, as well as cancers and brain disorders. Here, we elucidate the molecular basis underlying inhibition and activation of Ephexin family RhoGEFs. The crystal structures of partially and fully autoinhibited Ephexin4 reveal that the complete autoinhibition requires both N- and C-terminal inhibitory modes, which can operate independently to impede Ras homolog family member G (RhoG) access. This double inhibition mechanism is commonly employed by other Ephexins and SGEF, another RhoGEF for RhoG. Structural, enzymatic, and cell biological analyses show that phosphorylation of a conserved tyrosine residue in its N-terminal inhibitory domain and association of PDZ proteins with its C-terminal PDZ-binding motif may respectively relieve the two autoinhibitory modes in Ephexin4. Our study provides a mechanistic framework for understanding the fine-tuning regulation of Ephexin4 GEF activity and offers possible clues for its pathological dysfunction.
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25
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Ma J, Zhou C, Chen X. miR-636 inhibits EMT, cell proliferation and cell cycle of ovarian cancer by directly targeting transcription factor Gli2 involved in Hedgehog pathway. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:64. [PMID: 33472614 PMCID: PMC7819188 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-020-01725-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway, which is essential for cell proliferation and differentiation, is noted to be aberrantly activated in tumor from increasing studies in recent years. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) as an important non-coding RNA in cells have been proven to possess a regulatory role specific to the Hh signaling pathway. Here, in vitro and in vivo cellular/molecular experiments were adopted to clarify the regulatory mechanism linking miR-636 to the Hh signaling pathway in ovarian cancer (OVC). Methods Protein–protein interaction analysis was performed to identify the hub gene in the Hh pathway. TargetScan database was used to predict the potential upstream regulators for Gli2. qRT-PCR was performed to test the expression of miR-636, while Western blot was conducted to detect the expression of proteins related to the Hh pathway and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). For cell functional experiments, HO-8910PM OVC cell line was used. MTT assay and wound healing assay were used to measure the effect of miR-636 on cell proliferation and migration. Flow cytometry was carried out to examine the effect of miR-636 on cell cycle, and Western blot was used to identify the change in expression of Hh and EMT-related proteins. Dual-luciferase reporter gene assay was implemented to detect the targeting relationship between miR-636 and Gli2. Xenotransplantation models were established for in vivo examination. Results Gli2 was identified as the hub gene of the Hh pathway and it was validated to be regulated by miR-636 based on the data from TargetScan and GEO databases. In vitro experiments discovered that miR-636 was significantly lowly expressed in OVC cell lines, and overexpressing miR-636 significantly inhibited HO-8910PM cell proliferation, migration and induced cell cycle arrest in G0/G1 phase, while the inhibition of miR-636 caused opposite results. Dual-luciferase reporter gene assay revealed that Gli2 was the target gene of miR-636 in OVC. Besides, overexpressed miR-636 decreased protein expression of Gli2, and affected the expression of proteins related to the Hh signaling pathway and EMT. Rescue experiments verified that overexpression of Gli2 reversed the inhibitory effect of miR-636 on HO-8910PM cell proliferation and migration, and attenuated the blocking effect of miR-636 on cell cycle. The xenotransplantation experiment suggested that miR-636 inhibited cell growth of OVC by decreasing Gli2 expression. Besides, overexpressing Gli2 potentiated the EMT process of OVC cells via decreasing E-cadherin protein expression and increasing Vimentin protein expression, and it reversed the inhibitory effect of miR-636 on OVC cell proliferation in vivo. Conclusion miR-636 mediates the activation of the Hh pathway via binding to Gli2, thus inhibiting EMT, suppressing cell proliferation and migration of OVC. Trial registration: The experimental protocol was established, according to the ethical guidelines of the Helsinki Declaration and was approved by the Human Ethics Committee of The Second Affiliated hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine (IR2019001235). Written informed consent was obtained from individual or guardian participants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiong Ma
- Department of Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No.88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Chunxia Zhou
- Department of Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No.88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Xuejun Chen
- Department of Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No.88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, China.
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26
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Shao T, Pan YH, Xiong XD. Circular RNA: an important player with multiple facets to regulate its parental gene expression. MOLECULAR THERAPY-NUCLEIC ACIDS 2020; 23:369-376. [PMID: 33425494 PMCID: PMC7779830 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2020.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs), a novel type of endogenous RNAs with covalently closed-loop structures, have become a new research hotspot in the RNA world. Their diversity, stability, evolutionary conservation, and cell type- or tissue-specific expression patterns endow circRNAs with various important biological functions. As a consequence, circRNAs are emerging as important regulators of physiological development and disease pathogenesis. Growing evidence has shown that circRNAs can regulate parental gene expression through diverse mechanisms, such as transcription and splicing regulation, microRNA (miRNA) sponges, mRNA traps, translational modulation, and post-translational modification. The study of circRNAs and how circRNAs regulate the expression of parental genes will facilitate a deeper understanding of their biological functions and provide new perspectives on their clinical application. Herein, we review the biogenesis of circRNAs, with a particular focus on the molecular mechanisms of circRNAs regulating their parental gene expression and the biological significance of such regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Shao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Institute of Aging Research, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, P.R. China.,Institute of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524023, P.R. China
| | - Yan-Hong Pan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Institute of Aging Research, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, P.R. China.,Institute of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524023, P.R. China
| | - Xing-Dong Xiong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Institute of Aging Research, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, P.R. China.,Institute of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524023, P.R. China
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27
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Wang C, Li J. A Deep Learning Framework Identifies Pathogenic Noncoding Somatic Mutations from Personal Prostate Cancer Genomes. Cancer Res 2020; 80:4644-4654. [PMID: 32907840 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-20-1791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Our understanding of noncoding mutations in cancer genomes has been derived primarily from mutational recurrence analysis by aggregating clinical samples on a large scale. These cohort-based approaches cannot directly identify individual pathogenic noncoding mutations from personal cancer genomes. Therefore, although most somatic mutations are localized in the noncoding cancer genome, their effects on driving tumorigenesis and progression have not been systematically explored and noncoding somatic alleles have not been leveraged in current clinical practice to guide personalized screening, diagnosis, and treatment. Here, we present a deep learning framework to capture pathogenic noncoding mutations in personal cancer genomes, which perturb gene regulation by altering chromatin architecture. We deployed the system specifically for localized prostate cancer by integrating large-scale prostate cancer genomes and the prostate-specific epigenome. We exhaustively evaluated somatic mutations in each patient's genome and agnostically identified thousands of somatic alleles altering the prostate epigenome. Functional genomic analyses subsequently demonstrated that affected genes displayed differential expression in prostate tumor samples, were vulnerable to expression alterations, and were convergent onto androgen receptor-mediated signaling pathways. Accumulation of pathogenic regulatory mutations in these affected genes was predictive of clinical observations, suggesting potential clinical utility of this approach. Overall, the deep learning framework has significantly expanded our view of somatic mutations in the vast noncoding genome, uncovered novel genes in localized prostate cancer, and will foster the development of personalized screening and therapeutic strategies for prostate cancer. SIGNIFICANCE: This study's characterization of the noncoding genome in prostate cancer reveals mutational signatures predictive of clinical observations, which may serve as a powerful prognostic tool in this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Wang
- The Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, The Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, The Bakar Computational Health Sciences Institute, Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Jingjing Li
- The Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, The Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, The Bakar Computational Health Sciences Institute, Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California.
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28
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Radecki DZ, Messling HM, Haggerty-Skeans JR, Bhamidipati SK, Clawson ED, Overman CA, Thatcher MM, Salzer JL, Samanta J. Relative Levels of Gli1 and Gli2 Determine the Response of Ventral Neural Stem Cells to Demyelination. Stem Cell Reports 2020; 15:1047-1055. [PMID: 33125874 PMCID: PMC7664046 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2020.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Enhancing repair of myelin is an important therapeutic goal in many neurological disorders characterized by demyelination. In the healthy adult brain, ventral neural stem cells (vNSCs) in the subventricular zone, marked by GLI1 expression, do not generate oligodendrocytes. However, in response to demyelination, their progeny are recruited to lesions where they differentiate into oligodendrocytes and ablation of GLI1 further enhances remyelination. GLI1 and GLI2 are closely related transcriptional activators but the role of GLI2 in remyelination by vNSCs is not clear. Here, we show that genetic ablation of Gli1 in vNSCs increases GLI2 expression and combined loss of both transcription factors decreases the recruitment and differentiation of their progeny in demyelinated lesions. These results indicate that GLI1 and GLI2 have distinct, non-redundant functions in vNSCs and their relative levels play an essential role in the response to demyelination. Loss of Gli1 increases GLI2 expression in SVZ neural stem cells upon demyelination Loss of Gli1 and Gli2 inhibits recruitment of neural stem cell progeny to the lesion Loss of Gli1 and Gli2 decreases their differentiation into oligodendrocytes
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Z Radecki
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Center, Department of Comparative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Heather M Messling
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Center, Department of Comparative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - James R Haggerty-Skeans
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, Neuroscience Institute, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Sai Krishna Bhamidipati
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Center, Department of Comparative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Elizabeth D Clawson
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Center, Department of Comparative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Christian A Overman
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Center, Department of Comparative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Madison M Thatcher
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Center, Department of Comparative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - James L Salzer
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, Neuroscience Institute, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Jayshree Samanta
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Center, Department of Comparative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA.
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29
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Buechner M, Yang Z, Al-Hashimi H. A Series of Tubes: The C. elegans Excretory Canal Cell as a Model for Tubule Development. J Dev Biol 2020; 8:jdb8030017. [PMID: 32906663 PMCID: PMC7557474 DOI: 10.3390/jdb8030017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Formation and regulation of properly sized epithelial tubes is essential for multicellular life. The excretory canal cell of C. elegans provides a powerful model for investigating the integration of the cytoskeleton, intracellular transport, and organismal physiology to regulate the developmental processes of tube extension, lumen formation, and lumen diameter regulation in a narrow single cell. Multiple studies have provided new understanding of actin and intermediate filament cytoskeletal elements, vesicle transport, and the role of vacuolar ATPase in determining tube size. Most of the genes discovered have clear homologues in humans, with implications for understanding these processes in mammalian tissues such as Schwann cells, renal tubules, and brain vasculature. The results of several new genetic screens are described that provide a host of new targets for future studies in this informative structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Buechner
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA;
- Correspondence:
| | - Zhe Yang
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA;
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30
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Xin J, Zhao YH, Zhang XY, Tian LQ. LncRNA NFIA-AS2 promotes glioma progression through modulating the miR-655-3p/ZFX axis. Hum Cell 2020; 33:1273-1280. [PMID: 32779154 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-020-00408-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are closely associated with tumorigenesis of various malignancies, including glioma. However, the roles of most lncRNAs in glioma remain undiscovered. The present study for the first time explored the roles of NFIA-AS2 in glioma. Based on informatic analyses by online database, lncRNA NFIA-AS2 in glioma tissues was overexpressed and further confirmed in glioma tissues and cells by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). High expression of NFIA-AS2 was closely correlated with poor prognosis and might be an independent prognostic factor for PFS and OS. Functionally, silenced NFIA-AS2 could remarkably hinder glioma cell proliferation, migration and invasion, and cause the apoptosis. Mechanistic investigation disclosed that NFIA-AS2 interacted with miR-655-3p and inversely connected with miR-655-3p in glioma. Additionally, miR-655-3p was proved to regulate the expression of ZFX. Final rescue assay demonstrated that ZFX overexpression or miR-655-3p downregulation could neutralize the suppressive effects of NFIA-AS2 knockdown on glioma progression. In conclusion, this study firstly reported that NFIA-AS2 could promote the progression of glioma by targeting the miR-665-3p/ZFX axis, which highlighted that NFIA-AS2 could be a novel biomarker and therapeutic target for glioma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Xin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Linyi Central Hospital, Linyi, 276400, Shandong, China
| | - Yu-Hong Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Linyi Central Hospital, Linyi, 276400, Shandong, China
| | - Xi-Yun Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Linyi Central Hospital, Linyi, 276400, Shandong, China
| | - Li-Qiang Tian
- Department of Neurosurgery, Linyi People's Hospital, No. 27 Jiefang Road, Lanshan District, Linyi, 276003, Shandong, China.
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FYN is required for ARHGEF16 to promote proliferation and migration in colon cancer cells. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:652. [PMID: 32811808 PMCID: PMC7435200 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-02830-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
ARHGEF16 is a recently identified Rho-family guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) that has been implicated in the activation of Rho-family GTPases such as Rho G, Rac, and Cdc42. However, its functions in colon cancer cell proliferation and migration are not well understood. In this study, we showed that ARHGEF16 was highly expressed in clinical specimens of colon cancer. In colon cancer cells, ARHGEF16-stimulated proliferation and migration in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, we identified a nonreceptor tyrosine kinase, FYN, as a novel partner of ARHGEF16. Knocking down FYN expression decreased ARHGEF16 protein level in colon cancer cells. We further demonstrated that ARHGEF16-induced colon cancer cell proliferation and migration were dependent on FYN since knockdown FYN abolished the ARHGEF16-induced proliferation and migration of colon cancer cells. The FYN-ARHGEF16 axis mediates colon cancer progression and is a potential therapeutic target for colon cancer treatment.
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Wang Y, Wang H, Yan Z, Li G, Hu G, Zhang H, Huang D, Wang Y, Zhang X, Yan Y, Lu Q, Cheng M, Luo S. The critical role of dysregulated Hh-FOXM1-TPX2 signaling in human hepatocellular carcinoma cell proliferation. Cell Commun Signal 2020; 18:116. [PMID: 32723329 PMCID: PMC7388463 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-020-00628-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Aberrant activation of the Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway is frequently observed in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), nevertheless, the precise molecular mechanism remains unclear. Forkhead box M1 (FOXM1), a target of the Hh pathway, is a key oncofetal transcription factor and a master cell cycle regulator. Targeting protein for Xenopus kinesin-like protein 2 (TPX2) is an oncogene critical for mitosis. However, how these molecular events affect HCC progression remains unclear. Methods Realtime PCR, immunohistochemistry, western blotting, and analyses of datasets TCGA and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) were conducted to assess the expression of TPX2 and FOXM1 at the mRNA and protein levels in HCC samples or HCC cells. Expression and knockdown of TPX2 and FOXM1 were performed to assess their role in regulating HCC cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo. Dual luciferase report assay and chromosome immunoprecipitation (ChIP) were investigated to seek the FOXM1 binding sites in the promoter of TPX2. Results Specific antagonists (cyclopamine and GANT61) of the Hh pathway down-regulated TPX2, whereas activation of Hh signaling stimulated TPX2 expression. Furthermore, TPX2 over-expression accelerated HCC cell proliferation when upstream events of Hh signaling were inhibited, and TPX2 knockdown significantly alleviated Sonic Hh ligand (Shh)-induced HCC cell proliferation. Reporter assays and ChIP showed that FOXM1 bound to the TPX2 promoter, confirming that TPX2 is a direct downstream target of FOXM1. Xenograft model further verified the cell function and expression regulation of TPX2 and FOXM1 in vivo. Furthermore, FOXM1 regulated TPX2 activity to drive HCC proliferation. Immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis indicated that FOXM1 and TPX2 were highly-expressed in HCC samples and cohort study revealed that FOXM1 and TPX2 may act as negative predictors for the prognosis of patients with HCC. Conclusions TPX2 acts as a novel downstream target and effector of the Hh pathway, and Hh signaling contributes to HCC proliferation via regulating the FOXM1-TPX2 cascade, suggesting that this signaling axis may be a novel therapeutic target for HCC. Graphical abstract ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiting Wang
- Center for Experimental Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 17 Yongwai Street, Donghu District, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China.,Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Medicine, 17 Yongwai Street, Donghu District, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Hailong Wang
- Center for Experimental Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 17 Yongwai Street, Donghu District, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China.,Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Medicine, 17 Yongwai Street, Donghu District, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Zhengwei Yan
- Center for Experimental Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 17 Yongwai Street, Donghu District, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China.,Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Medicine, 17 Yongwai Street, Donghu District, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Guohua Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 17 Yongwai Street, Donghu District, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Guohui Hu
- Center for Experimental Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 17 Yongwai Street, Donghu District, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China.,Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Medicine, 17 Yongwai Street, Donghu District, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Center for Experimental Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 17 Yongwai Street, Donghu District, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China.,Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Medicine, 17 Yongwai Street, Donghu District, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Dengliang Huang
- Center for Experimental Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 17 Yongwai Street, Donghu District, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China.,Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Medicine, 17 Yongwai Street, Donghu District, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yao Wang
- Center for Experimental Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 17 Yongwai Street, Donghu District, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China.,Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Medicine, 17 Yongwai Street, Donghu District, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 17 Yongwai Street, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yehong Yan
- Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 17 Yongwai Street, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Quqin Lu
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Minzhang Cheng
- Center for Experimental Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 17 Yongwai Street, Donghu District, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China. .,Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Medicine, 17 Yongwai Street, Donghu District, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Shiwen Luo
- Center for Experimental Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 17 Yongwai Street, Donghu District, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China. .,Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Medicine, 17 Yongwai Street, Donghu District, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China.
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Lu X, Wang Z, Huang H, Wang H. Hedgehog signaling promotes multidrug resistance by regulation of ABC transporters in oral squamous cell carcinoma. J Oral Pathol Med 2020; 49:897-906. [DOI: 10.1111/jop.13050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiangwan Lu
- School of Life Sciences Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou China
| | | | - Hongxing Huang
- School of Life Sciences Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Hua Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Guanghua School of Stomotology Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou China
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Lu H, Zhu Q. Identification of Key Biological Processes, Pathways, Networks, and Genes with Potential Prognostic Values in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Using a Bioinformatics Approach. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2020; 36:837-849. [PMID: 32598174 DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2019.3327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), as one primary liver cancer type, accounts for 75%-85% of liver cancer cases. HCC is the second leading cause of cancer death in East Asia and sub-Saharan Africa and the sixth most common in western countries. Identification of key genes would facilitate the development of therapies and improve the prognosis outcomes of HCC patients. This study was to identify the key biological processes, pathways, and key genes in HCC. Methods: Data were downloaded from Broad GDAC. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and weighted gene coexpression network (WGCNA) were analyzed by DESeq2 and WGCNA, respectively. Gene ontology (GO) and KEGG enrichment analyses were performed on all DEGs and the coexpressed genes in two significant modules. Kaplan-Meier plotter online database was used to identify the potential prognostic genes in HCC. Finally, GEO database was used to validate the analysis of gene expression of Broad GDAC data. Results: The authors identified the dark gray and red modules as the significant modules in HCC based on WGCNA. GO and KEGG enrichment of the two significant modules identified the mitochondrion-mediated metabolic processes and pathways, and the cell cycle as the key biological processes and pathways in HCC. Subsequently, 28 hub genes were screened out by constructing protein-protein interaction network using Metascape. Finally, three genes (NDUFAF6, CKAP5, and DSN1 genes) were identified to be potential prognostic and key genes in HCC based on Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, GEO dataset validation, and literature review. Conclusions: The authors found that mitochondrion-mediated metabolic processes and the cell cycle were the key biological processes and pathways in HCC. NDUFAF6, CKAP5, and DSN1 genes were valuable genes with the potential to be prognosis biomarkers and targeted therapies in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijie Lu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qianlin Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated with Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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35
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Liu Y, Song J, Liu Y, Zhou Z, Wang X. Transcription activation of circ-STAT3 induced by Gli2 promotes the progression of hepatoblastoma via acting as a sponge for miR-29a/b/c-3p to upregulate STAT3/Gli2. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2020; 39:101. [PMID: 32493490 PMCID: PMC7268652 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-020-01598-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatoblastoma (HB) is a common liver malignancy in children. Our previous study has disclosed the crucial role of STAT3 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 3) in HB. AIM OF THE STUDY Present study was designed to study the circular RNA (circRNA) STAT3 in HB. METHODS Gel electrophoresis revealed the circular characteristics of circ-STAT3. Function assays like EdU, transwell and sphere formation assay disclosed the function of circ-STAT3 in HB cells. Mechanism assays including ChIP, RIP, RNA pull down assay demonstrated the macular mechanism underlying circ-STAT3. RESULTS Circ_0043800, which was originated from STAT3, was up-regulated in HB tissues and cells. More importantly, silencing of circ-STAT3 led to the inhibition on HB cell growth, migration and stem-cell characteristics. Circ_0043800 was predominantly located in the cytoplasm of HB cells. Then, circ_0043800 was found to up-regulate STAT3 via sponging miR-29a/b/c-3p. Besides, we identified that STAT3 overexpression partially rescued silenced circ_0043800, while miR-29a/b/c-3p inhibition completely rescued silenced circ_0043800 on HB cellular biological behaviors. Subsequently, Gli2 (GLI family zinc finger 2) was identified as another target of miR-29a/b/c-3p. Circ_0043800 served as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) to up-regulate both Gli2 and STAT3 via sponging miR-29a/b/c-3p. Moreover, we figured out that Gli2 overexpression completely rescued silenced circ_0043800 on HB cell malignant behaviors. After that, we discovered that Gli2 transcriptionally activated circ_0043800. The in-vivo assays further revealed that circ_0043800 promoted HB tumor growth by up-regulation of Gli2 and STAT3. CONCLUSION Gli2-induced circ_0043800 served as the ceRNA to promote HB by up-regulation of STAT3 and Gli2 at a miR-29a/b/c-3p dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfeng Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, No.107 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jianping Song
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, No.107 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of General Surgery, 96602 Military Hospital, No.462 Chuanjin Road, Kunming, 650224, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Zhipeng Zhou
- Second Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, PLA General Hospital, No.28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, China.
| | - Xianqiang Wang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, PLA General Hospital, No.28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, China.
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36
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Zheng D, Chen D, Lin F, Wang X, Lu L, Luo S, Chen J, Xu X. LncRNA NNT-AS1 promote glioma cell proliferation and metastases through miR-494-3p/PRMT1 axis. Cell Cycle 2020; 19:1621-1631. [PMID: 32420808 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2020.1762037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are key players in cancer progression. However, the function of lncRNA NNT-AS1 on glioma is unclear. In the present study, a total of 73 tumor tissues and matched adjacent non-tumor tissues were collected, and glioma cell lines were cultured in vitro. mRNA expression was tested using RT-qPCR. The protein expression level was determined using the western blot assay, cell proliferation was measured using the CCK-8 and BrdU proliferation assay, and the cell cycle, cell migration and invasion were determined using flow cytometry analysis, the wound healing assay and transwell, respectively. The results showed that lncNNT-AS1 is significantly up-regulated during the early stages of glioma. In particular, high levels of NNT-AS1 are observed in glioma cell lines compared to human astrocyte (HA) cells. Furthermore, the inhibition of lnc-NNT-AS1 by siRNA interfere attenuates the cell viability, proliferation, migration and invasion of glioma cell lines. Mechanistically, the inhibition of NNT-AS1 directly interacted with miRNA-494-3p, and positively regulated the downstream target PRMT1 in vitro. Further study proved that the overexpression of miRNA-494-3p and the inhibition of PRMT1 could attenuate both glioma cell proliferation and metastases. Collectively, our results indicated that the miR-494-3p-PRMT1 axis is involved the tumor-suppressive effects of NNT-AS1 inhibition, which sheds new light on lncRNA-directed diagnostics and the therapeutics of glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dahai Zheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shunde Hospital of Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde Foshan) , Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Daliang Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shunde Hospital of Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde Foshan) , Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Famu Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shunde Hospital of Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde Foshan) , Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiang Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shunde Hospital of Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde Foshan) , Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Lenian Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shunde Hospital of Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde Foshan) , Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Shi Luo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shunde Hospital of Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde Foshan) , Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Jianmin Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shunde Hospital of Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde Foshan) , Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaobing Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shunde Hospital of Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde Foshan) , Foshan, Guangdong, China
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Zheng H, Tian C, Zeng X, Liu T. WITHDRAWN: Overexpression of GLI2 induces odontogenic differentiation in human dental pulp stem cells through activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Life Sci 2019:117178. [PMID: 31862452 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.117178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This article has been withdrawn at the request of the authors. The Publisher apologizes for any inconvenience this may cause. The full Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at https://www.elsevier.com/about/our-business/policies/article-withdrawal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiying Zheng
- Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining 272000, PR China
| | - Chao Tian
- Department of Stomatology, Qingdao No. 8 People's Hospital, Qingdao 266100, PR China
| | - Xin Zeng
- Department of Stomatology, Qingdao Stomatological Hospital, Qingdao 266001, PR China
| | - Tao Liu
- Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining 272000, PR China.
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Jiayuan S, Junyan Y, Xiangzhen W, Zuping L, Jian N, Baowei H, Lifang J. Gant61 ameliorates CCl 4-induced liver fibrosis by inhibition of Hedgehog signaling activity. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2019; 387:114853. [PMID: 31816328 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2019.114853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
As an intercellular signaling molecule, Hedgehog (Hh) plays a critical role in liver fibrosis/regeneration. Transcription effectors Gli1 and Gli2 are key components of the Hh signaling pathway. However, whether inhibition of Gli1/2 activity can affect liver fibrogenesis is largely unknown. In the present study, we investigated the effect of Gant61 (a Gli1/2 transcription factor inhibitor) on liver fibrosis and its possible mechanism. Wild-type and Shh-EGFP-Cre male mice were exposed to CCl4, and then treated with or without Gant61 for four weeks. The level of liver injury/fibrosis and expression levels of mRNA and protein related to the Hh ligand/pathway were assessed. In our study, CCl4 treatment induced liver injury/fibrosis and promoted activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). In addition, CCl4 induced the expression of Shh ligands in and around the fibrotic lesion, accompanied by induction of mRNA and protein expression of Hh components (Smo, Gli1 and Gli2). However, administration of Gant61 decreased liver fibrosis by reduction in HSC number, down-regulation of mRNA and protein expression of Hh components (Smo, Gli1 and Gli2), and cell-cycle arrest of HSCs. Our data highlight the importance of the Shh pathway for the development of liver fibrosis, and also suggest Glis as potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shen Jiayuan
- College of Life Science, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China; Department of pathology, Affliliated hospital of Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yan Junyan
- College of Life Science, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
| | | | - Liu Zuping
- College of Life Science, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China; Department of pathology, Affliliated hospital of Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ni Jian
- College of Life Science, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hu Baowei
- College of Life Science, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Jin Lifang
- College of Life Science, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China.
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Zanella M, Vitriolo A, Andirko A, Martins PT, Sturm S, O’Rourke T, Laugsch M, Malerba N, Skaros A, Trattaro S, Germain PL, Mihailovic M, Merla G, Rada-Iglesias A, Boeckx C, Testa G. Dosage analysis of the 7q11.23 Williams region identifies BAZ1B as a major human gene patterning the modern human face and underlying self-domestication. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2019; 5:eaaw7908. [PMID: 31840056 PMCID: PMC6892627 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aaw7908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
We undertook a functional dissection of chromatin remodeler BAZ1B in neural crest (NC) stem cells (NCSCs) from a uniquely informative cohort of typical and atypical patients harboring 7q11.23 copy number variants. Our results reveal a key contribution of BAZ1B to NCSC in vitro induction and migration, coupled with a crucial involvement in NC-specific transcriptional circuits and distal regulation. By intersecting our experimental data with new paleogenetic analyses comparing modern and archaic humans, we found a modern-specific enrichment for regulatory changes both in BAZ1B and its experimentally defined downstream targets, thereby providing the first empirical validation of the human self-domestication hypothesis and positioning BAZ1B as a master regulator of the modern human face. In so doing, we provide experimental evidence that the craniofacial and cognitive/behavioral phenotypes caused by alterations of the Williams-Beuren syndrome critical region can serve as a powerful entry point into the evolution of the modern human face and prosociality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Zanella
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Epigenetics, IEO, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Vitriolo
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Epigenetics, IEO, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Alejandro Andirko
- University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- University of Barcelona Institute of Complex Systems (UBICS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pedro Tiago Martins
- University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- University of Barcelona Institute of Complex Systems (UBICS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Stefanie Sturm
- University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- University of Barcelona Institute of Complex Systems (UBICS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Thomas O’Rourke
- University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- University of Barcelona Institute of Complex Systems (UBICS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Magdalena Laugsch
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Natascia Malerba
- Division of Medical Genetics, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Adrianos Skaros
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Epigenetics, IEO, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Trattaro
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Epigenetics, IEO, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Pierre-Luc Germain
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Epigenetics, IEO, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- D-HEST Institute for Neuroscience, ETH Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Marija Mihailovic
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Epigenetics, IEO, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Merla
- Division of Medical Genetics, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Alvaro Rada-Iglesias
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Germany
- Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology of Cantabria, University of Cantabria, Cantabria, Spain
| | - Cedric Boeckx
- University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- University of Barcelona Institute of Complex Systems (UBICS), Barcelona, Spain
- Catalan Institute for Advanced Studies and Research (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Giuseppe Testa
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Epigenetics, IEO, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- Human Technopole, Center for Neurogenomics, Via Cristina Belgioioso 171, Milan, Italy
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Sirkisoon SR, Carpenter RL, Rimkus T, Doheny D, Zhu D, Aguayo NR, Xing F, Chan M, Ruiz J, Metheny-Barlow LJ, Strowd R, Lin J, Regua AT, Arrigo A, Anguelov M, Pasche B, Debinski W, Watabe K, Lo HW. TGLI1 transcription factor mediates breast cancer brain metastasis via activating metastasis-initiating cancer stem cells and astrocytes in the tumor microenvironment. Oncogene 2019; 39:64-78. [PMID: 31462709 PMCID: PMC6938539 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-019-0959-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Revised: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Mechanisms for breast cancer metastasis remain unclear. Whether truncated glioma-associated oncogene homolog 1 (TGLI1), a transcription factor known to promote angiogenesis, migration and invasion, plays any role in metastasis of any tumor type has never been investigated. In this study, results of two mouse models of breast cancer metastasis showed that ectopic expression of TGLI1, but not GLI1, promoted preferential metastasis to the brain. Conversely, selective TGLI1 knockdown using antisense oligonucleotides led to decreased breast cancer brain metastasis (BCBM) in vivo. Immunohistochemical staining showed that TGLI1, but not GLI1, was increased in lymph node metastases compared to matched primary tumors, and that TGLI1 was expressed at higher levels in BCBM specimens compared to primary tumors. TGLI1 activation is associated with a shortened time to develop BCBM and enriched in HER2-enriched and triple-negative breast cancers. Radioresistant BCBM cell lines and specimens expressed higher levels of TGLI1, but not GLI1, than radiosensitive counterparts. Since cancer stem cells (CSCs) are radioresistant and metastasis-initiating cells, we examined TGLI1 for its involvement in breast CSCs and found TGLI1 to transcriptionally activate stemness genes CD44, Nanog, Sox2, and OCT4 leading to CSC renewal, and TGLI1 outcompetes with GLI1 for binding to target promoters. We next examined whether astrocyte-priming underlies TGLI1-mediated brain tropism and found that TGLI1-positive CSCs strongly activated and interacted with astrocytes in vitro and in vivo. These findings demonstrate, for the first time, that TGLI1 mediates breast cancer metastasis to the brain, in part, through promoting metastasis-initiating CSCs and activating astrocytes in BCBM microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherona R Sirkisoon
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Richard L Carpenter
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Tadas Rimkus
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Daniel Doheny
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Dongqin Zhu
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Noah R Aguayo
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Fei Xing
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.,Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Michael Chan
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Jimmy Ruiz
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.,Department of Hematology and Oncology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Linda J Metheny-Barlow
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Roy Strowd
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.,Department of Neurology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Jiayuh Lin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Angelina T Regua
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Austin Arrigo
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Marlyn Anguelov
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Boris Pasche
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.,Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Waldemar Debinski
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.,Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Kounosuke Watabe
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.,Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Hui-Wen Lo
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA. .,Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.
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41
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Shang Y, Li Y, Zhang Y, Wang J. ZNF436 promotes tumor cell proliferation through transcriptional activation of BCL10 in glioma. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 515:572-578. [PMID: 31178130 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Transcriptional factors (TFs) are key regulators in orchestrating gene transcription during cancer development. However, their roles in glioma remain elusive. Here, we analyzed the differential expression of TFs and identified ZNF436 is upregulated in glioblastoma and Lower Grade Glioma patients. High expression of ZNF436 is positively associated with poor overall survival and regulated by CREB1 in glioma cells. Knockdown of ZNF436 significantly abolished glioma cells proliferation in vitro. RNA sequencing revealed that ZNF436 regulates cell cycle and controlling BCL10 expression. Overexpression of BCL10 promoted glioma cells growth and rescued the malignant behavior in ZNF436-knockdown cells. High levels of BCL10 also result in a worse prognosis in glioma patients. Taken together, our findings identify the CREB1/ZNF436/BCL10 axis represents a novel, potential therapeutic target for glioma interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinwu Shang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Gansu Provincial People's Hospital, Lanzhou City, 730000, Gansu Province, China
| | - Yuchen Li
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yinian Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery and Laboratory of Neurosurgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Jianjun Wang
- Department of Pediatric Medicine, Gansu Provincial People's Hospital, Lanzhou City, 730000, Gansu Province, China.
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42
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Emerging Roles of Ephexins in Physiology and Disease. Cells 2019; 8:cells8020087. [PMID: 30682817 PMCID: PMC6406967 DOI: 10.3390/cells8020087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2018] [Revised: 01/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Dbl (B-cell lymphoma)-related guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), the largest family of GEFs, are directly responsible for the activation of Rho family GTPases and essential for a number of cellular events such as proliferation, differentiation and movement. The members of the Ephexin (Eph-interacting exchange protein) family, a subgroup of Dbl GEFs, initially were named for their interaction with Eph receptors and sequence homology with Ephexin1. Although the first Ephexin was identified about two decades ago, their functions in physiological and pathological contexts and regulatory mechanisms remained elusive until recently. Ephexins are now considered as GEFs that can activate Rho GTPases such as RhoA, Rac, Cdc42, and RhoG. Moreover, Ephexins have been shown to have pivotal roles in neural development, tumorigenesis, and efferocytosis. In this review, we discuss the known and proposed functions of Ephexins in physiological and pathological contexts, as well as their regulatory mechanisms.
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