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Zhang R, Su C, Jia Y, Xing M, Jin S, Zong H. Molecular mechanisms of HER2-targeted therapy and strategies to overcome the drug resistance in colorectal cancer. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 179:117363. [PMID: 39236476 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.117363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2024] [Revised: 08/15/2024] [Accepted: 08/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/07/2024] Open
Abstract
HER2 amplification is one of the mechanisms that induce drug resistance to anti-EGFR therapy in colorectal cancer. In recent years, data from several randomized clinical trials show that anti-HER2 therapies improved the prognosis of patients with HER2-positive colorectal cancer. These results indicate that HER2 is a promising therapeutic target in advanced colorectal cancer. Despite the anti-HER2 therapies including monoclonal antibodies, tyrosine kinase inhibitors, and antibody-drug conjugates improving the outcomes, less than 30 % of the patients achieve objective response and eventually have drug resistance. It is necessary to explore the primary and secondary mechanisms for the resistance to anti-HER2 therapies, which will pave the way to overcome the drug resistance. Several studies have reported the potential mechanisms for the resistance to anti-HER2 therapies. In this review, we present a comprehensive overview of the recent advances in clinical research, mechanisms of treatment resistance, and strategies for reversing resistance in HER2-positive colorectal cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhang
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China.
| | - Chang Su
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China.
| | - Yongliang Jia
- BGI College & Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China.
| | - Menglu Xing
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China.
| | - Shuiling Jin
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China.
| | - Hong Zong
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China.
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2
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Huang P, Wen F, Wang X. Case report: Pyrotinib and tegafur combined with radiotherapy achieved notable response in HER2-amplified rectal cancer with multiple metastases after multiline treatments. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1431542. [PMID: 39193330 PMCID: PMC11347432 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1431542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) is characterized by significant phenotypic heterogeneity at the molecular level and presents a poor prognosis. Chemotherapy is commonly employed as the primary treatment option. Nevertheless, the advantages of chemotherapy are constrained, underscoring the critical necessity for novel treatment protocols aimed at enhancing patient outcomes. Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) has been recognized as a promising therapeutic target in mCRC. Pyrotinib, an innovative irreversible dual tyrosine kinase inhibitor targeting HER2, effectively inhibits cancer progression in various types of human cancers. Here, we present a case of a 39-year-old female with metastatic rectal cancer showing amplification of HER2. Despite resistance to multiple therapies, including trastuzumab and pertuzumab, the patient exhibited a remarkable therapeutic response to pyrotinib, tegafur combined with radiotherapy. This case provides evidence for the feasibility and potential efficacy of deploying pyrotinib in the salvage treatment of mCRC patients with HER2 amplification even though resistant to other anti-HER2 drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Huang
- Division of Abdominal Tumor Multimodality Treatment, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Feng Wen
- Division of Abdominal Tumor Multimodality Treatment, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Division of Abdominal Tumor Multimodality Treatment, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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3
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Chen S, Zeng J, Saad M, Lineaweaver WC, Chen Z, Pan Y. Precision Drug Repurposing: A Deep Learning Toolkit for Identifying 34 Hyperpigmentation-Associated Genes and Optimizing Treatment Selection. Ann Plast Surg 2024; 93:S30-S42. [PMID: 38896860 DOI: 10.1097/sap.0000000000004007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hyperpigmentation is a skin disorder characterized by a localized darkening of the skin due to increased melanin production. When patients fail first line topical treatments, secondary treatments such as chemical peels and lasers are offered. However, these interventions are not devoid of risks and are associated with postinflammatory hyperpigmentation. In the quest for novel therapeutic potentials, this study aims to investigate computational methods in the identification of new targeted therapies in the treatment of hyperpigmentation. METHODS We used a comprehensive approach, which integrated text mining, interpreting gene lists through enrichment analysis and integration of diverse biological information (GeneCodis), protein-protein association networks and functional enrichment analyses (STRING), and plug-in network centrality parameters (Cytoscape) to pinpoint genes closely associated with hyperpigmentation. Subsequently, analysis of drug-gene interactions to identify potential drugs (Cortellis) was utilized to select drugs targeting these identified genes. Lastly, we used Deep Learning Based Drug Repurposing Toolkit (DeepPurpose) to conduct drug-target interaction predictions to ultimately identify candidate drugs with the most promising binding affinities. RESULTS Thirty-four hyperpigmentation-related genes were identified by text mining. Eight key genes were highlighted by utilizing GeneCodis, STRING, Cytoscape, gene enrichment, and protein-protein interaction analysis. Thirty-five drugs targeting hyperpigmentation-associated genes were identified by Cortellis, and 29 drugs, including 16 M2PK1 inhibitors, 11 KRAS inhibitors, and 2 BRAF inhibitors were recommended by DeepPurpose. CONCLUSIONS The study highlights the promise of advanced computational methodology for identifying potential treatments for hyperpigmentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuwei Chen
- From the Department of Plastic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Junhao Zeng
- From the Department of Plastic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mariam Saad
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | | | - Zhiwei Chen
- Big Data and Artificial Intelligence Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuyan Pan
- From the Department of Plastic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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4
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Deshmukh R, Prajapati M, Harwansh RK. A review on emerging targeted therapies for the management of metastatic colorectal cancers. Med Oncol 2023; 40:159. [PMID: 37097307 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-023-02020-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancers are among the most commonly found cancers over the world. In spite of the recent advancements in diagnosis and prognosis, the management of this metastatic condition remains a challenge. The utility of monoclonal antibodies in the healing of patients with colorectal cancer has opened a new chapter in the quest for newer therapies. The resistance to the standard treatment regimen made it mandatory to search for newer targets. Mutagenic alterations in the gene engaged in cellular differentiation and growth pathway have been the reason for resistance to treatment. The newer therapies target the various proteins and receptors involved in the signal transduction and down streaming pathways leading to cell proliferation. This review presents an insight into the newer targeted therapies for colorectal cancer involving tyrosine kinase blockers, epidermal growth factor receptors, vascular endothelial growth factor, immune checkpoint therapy, and BRAF inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohitas Deshmukh
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, 281406, India.
| | - Mahendra Prajapati
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, 281406, India
| | - Ranjit K Harwansh
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, 281406, India
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5
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Wang N, Cao Y, Si C, Shao P, Su G, Wang K, Bao J, Yang L. Emerging Role of ERBB2 in Targeted Therapy for Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: Signaling Pathways to Therapeutic Strategies. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:5160. [PMID: 36291943 PMCID: PMC9600272 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14205160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite recent improvements in the comprehensive therapy of malignancy, metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) continues to have a poor prognosis. Notably, 5% of mCRC cases harbor Erb-B2 receptor tyrosine kinase 2 (ERBB2) alterations. ERBB2, commonly referred to as human epidermal growth factor receptor 2, is a member of the human epidermal growth factor receptor family of protein tyrosine kinases. In addition to being a recognized therapeutic target in the treatment of gastric and breast malignancies, it is considered crucial in the management of CRC. In this review, we describe the molecular biology of ERBB2 from the perspective of biomarkers for mCRC-targeted therapy, including receptor structures, signaling pathways, gene alterations, and their detection methods. We also discuss the relationship between ERBB2 aberrations and the underlying mechanisms of resistance to anti-EGFR therapy and immunotherapy tolerance in these patients with a focus on novel targeted therapeutics and ongoing clinical trials. This may aid the development of a new standard of care in patients with ERBB2-positive mCRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nannan Wang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University & Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yuepeng Cao
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University & Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Chengshuai Si
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University & Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Peng Shao
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University & Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Guoqing Su
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University & Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Ke Wang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University & Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jun Bao
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University & Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Liu Yang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University & Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing 210009, China
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6
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Tzeng YDT, Tsui KH, Tseng LM, Hou MF, Chu PY, Sheu JJC, Li CJ. Integrated analysis of pivotal biomarker of LSM1, immune cell infiltration and therapeutic drugs in breast cancer. J Cell Mol Med 2022; 26:4007-4020. [PMID: 35692083 PMCID: PMC9279588 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The discovery of early diagnosis and prognostic markers for breast cancer can significantly improve survival and reduce mortality. LSM1 is known to be involved in the general process of mRNA degradation in complexes containing LSm subunits, but the molecular and biological functions in breast cancer remain unclear. Here, the expression of LSM1 mRNA in breast cancer was estimated using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Oncomine, TIMER and bc‐GenExMiner databases. We found that functional LSM1 inactivation caused by mutations and profound deletions predicted poor prognosis in breast cancer (BRCA) patients. LSM1 was highly expressed in both BRCA tissues and cells compared to normal breast tissues/cells. High LSM1 expression is associated with poorer overall survival and disease‐free survival. The association between LSM1 and immune infiltration of breast cancer was assessed by TIMER and CIBERSORT algorithms. LSM1 showed a strong correlation with various immune marker sets. Most importantly, pharmacogenetic analysis of BRCA cell lines revealed that LSM1 inactivation was associated with increased sensitivity to refametinib and trametinib. However, both drugs could mimic the effects of LSM1 inhibition and their drug sensitivity was associated with MEK molecules. Therefore, we investigated the clinical application of LSM1 to provide a basis for sensitive diagnosis, prognosis and targeted treatment of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Dun Tony Tzeng
- Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Hao Tsui
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Institute of BioPharmaceutical Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ling-Ming Tseng
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Comprehensive Breast Health Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Feng Hou
- Division of Breast Surgery, Department of Surgery, Center for Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Chung-Ho Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Yi Chu
- Department of Pathology, Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Jim Jinn-Chyuan Sheu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Jung Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Institute of BioPharmaceutical Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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7
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Mouillet-Richard S. ERBB2 in anti-EGFR-resistant colorectal cancer: cancer stem cells come into play. Gut 2022; 71:4-5. [PMID: 33619166 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2020-323924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Mouillet-Richard
- INSERM-U1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Paris, France
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8
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Emerging Therapeutic Agents for Colorectal Cancer. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26247463. [PMID: 34946546 PMCID: PMC8707340 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26247463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
There are promising new therapeutic agents for CRC patients, including novel small-molecule inhibitors and immune checkpoint blockers. We focused on emerging CRC’s therapeutic agents that have shown the potential for progress in clinical practice. This review provides an overview of tyrosine kinase inhibitors targeting VEGF and KIT, BRAF and MEK inhibitors, TLR9 agonist, STAT3 inhibitors, and immune checkpoint blockers (PD1/PDL-1 inhibitors), for which recent advances have been reported. These new agents have the potential to provide benefits to CRC patients with unmet medical needs.
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9
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Li XY, Wang DP, Li S, Xue WH, Qian XH, Liu KL, Li YH, Lin QQ, Dong G, Meng FH, Jian LY. Discovery of N-(1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)benzamide derivatives containing a 6,7-methoxyquinoline structure as novel EGFR/HER-2 dual-target inhibitors against cancer growth and angiogenesis. Bioorg Chem 2021; 119:105469. [PMID: 34915285 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.105469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Targeting EGFR and HER-2 is an essential direction for cancer treatment. Here, a series of N-(1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)benzamide derivatives containing a 6,7-methoxyquinoline structure was designed and synthesized to serve as EGFR/HER-2 dual-target inhibitors. The kinase assays verified that target compounds could inhibit the kinase activity of EGFR and HER-2 selectively. The results of CCK-8 and 3D cell viability assays confirmed that target compounds had excellent anti-proliferation ability against breast cancer cells (MCF-7 and SK-BR-3) and lung cancer cells (A549 and H1975), particularly against SK-BR-3 cells, while the inhibitory effect on healthy breast cells (MCF-10A) and lung cells (Beas-2B) was weak. Among them, the hit compound YH-9 binded to EGFR and HER-2 stably in molecular dynamics studies. Further studies found thatYH-9could induce the release of cytochrome c and inhibit proliferation by promoting ROS expression in SK-BR-3 cells. Moreover,YH-9could diminish the secretion of VEGF and bFGF factors in SK-BR-3 cells, then inhibited tube formation and angiogenesis. Notably,YH-9could effectively inhibit breast cancer growth and angiogenesis with little toxicity in the SK-BR-3 cell xenograft model. Taken together,in vitroandin vivoresults revealed that YH-9 had high drug potential as a dual-target inhibitor of EGFR/HER-2 to inhibit breast cancer growth and angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Yang Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, PR China; School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, PR China
| | - De-Pu Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, PR China; School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, PR China
| | - Shuai Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, PR China; School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, PR China
| | - Wen-Han Xue
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, PR China
| | - Xin-Hua Qian
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, PR China
| | - Kai-Li Liu
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, PR China
| | - Yu-Heng Li
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, PR China
| | - Qi-Qi Lin
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, PR China
| | - Gang Dong
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, PR China
| | - Fan-Hao Meng
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, PR China
| | - Ling-Yan Jian
- Department of Pharmacy, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, PR China.
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10
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Yeoh Y, Low TY, Abu N, Lee PY. Regulation of signal transduction pathways in colorectal cancer: implications for therapeutic resistance. PeerJ 2021; 9:e12338. [PMID: 34733591 PMCID: PMC8544255 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.12338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Resistance to anti-cancer treatments is a critical and widespread health issue that has brought serious impacts on lives, the economy and public policies. Mounting research has suggested that a selected spectrum of patients with advanced colorectal cancer (CRC) tend to respond poorly to both chemotherapeutic and targeted therapeutic regimens. Drug resistance in tumours can occur in an intrinsic or acquired manner, rendering cancer cells insensitive to the treatment of anti-cancer therapies. Multiple factors have been associated with drug resistance. The most well-established factors are the emergence of cancer stem cell-like properties and overexpression of ABC transporters that mediate drug efflux. Besides, there is emerging evidence that signalling pathways that modulate cell survival and drug metabolism play major roles in the maintenance of multidrug resistance in CRC. This article reviews drug resistance in CRC as a result of alterations in the MAPK, PI3K/PKB, Wnt/β-catenin and Notch pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeelon Yeoh
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Teck Yew Low
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nadiah Abu
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Pey Yee Lee
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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11
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Chen Z, Chen J, Gao Y, Quan M. Heterogeneous clinical and pathological landscapes of HER2 positive colorectal cancer. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2021; 21:1097-1104. [PMID: 34130577 DOI: 10.1080/14737140.2021.1944108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: Metastatic (m) colorectal cancer (CRC) can be divided into specific subgroups under the 'one gene, one drug' paradigm of precision medicine. Progress of targeted therapy in mCRC patients significantly improved the overall survival rate, notably by therapy targeting of EGFR signaling in RAS wild-type mCRC patients. Activation of the HER2 pathway is an important mechanism of resistance for anti-EGFR therapy.Area covered: Inhibition of HER2 with monoclonal antibodies and/or tyrosine kinase inhibitors induces tumor responses in partial HER2-positive CRC refractory to standard systemic therapy. This manuscript aimed to provide an overall insight of the HER2 expression pattern and highlighted specific clinicopathological and molecular features involved in mCRC. In addition, we summarize preclinical and clinical trials in HER2-positive mCRC.Expert opinion: The status and progression of HER2-positive gastric cancer and breast cancer and anti-HER2 therapy have been reported widely. However, the understanding of HER2-positive CRC models which may guide future therapeutic decision-making is poor. Therefore, it is essential to summarize the existing research to extract similarity and difference among various studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqin Chen
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR. China
| | - Jinde Chen
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR. China
| | - Yong Gao
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR. China
| | - Ming Quan
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR. China
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12
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Chen RZ, Yang F, Zhang M, Sun ZG, Zhang N. Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Pristimerin in Cancer Therapy: Recent Advances. Front Oncol 2021; 11:671548. [PMID: 34026649 PMCID: PMC8138054 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.671548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Seeking an efficient and safe approach to eliminate tumors is a common goal of medical fields. Over these years, traditional Chinese medicine has attracted growing attention in cancer treatment due to its long history. Pristimerin is a naturally occurring quinone methide triterpenoid used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat various cancers. Recent studies have identified alterations in cellular events and molecular signaling targets of cancer cells under pristimerin treatment. Pristimerin induces cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, and autophagy to exhibit anti-proliferation effects against tumors. Pristimerin also inhibits the invasion, migration, and metastasis of tumor cells via affecting cell adhesion, cytoskeleton, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, cancer stem cells, and angiogenesis. Molecular factors and pathways are associated with the anti-cancer activities of pristimerin. Furthermore, pristimerin reverses multidrug resistance of cancer cells and exerts synergizing effects with other chemotherapeutic drugs. This review aims to discuss the anti-cancer potentials of pristimerin, emphasizing multi-targeted biological and molecular regulations in cancers. Further investigations and clinical trials are warranted to understand the advantages and disadvantages of pristimerin treatment much better.
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Affiliation(s)
- Run-Ze Chen
- Jinan Central Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Fei Yang
- Department of Pathology, Jinan Central Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Jinan Central Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zhi-Gang Sun
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jinan Central Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Jinan Central Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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13
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Zhang Y, Xu M, Sun Y, Chen Y, Chi P, Xu Z, Lu X. Identification of LncRNAs Associated With FOLFOX Chemoresistance in mCRC and Construction of a Predictive Model. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 8:609832. [PMID: 33585448 PMCID: PMC7876414 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.609832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxaliplatin, fluorouracil plus leucovorin (FOLFOX) regimen is the first-line chemotherapy of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). However, studies are limited regarding long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) associated with FOLFOX chemotherapy response and prognosis. This study aimed to identify lncRNAs associated with FOLFOX chemotherapy response and prognosis in mCRC patients and to construct a predictive model. We analyzed lncRNA expression in 11 mCRC patients treated with FOLFOX chemotherapy before surgery (four sensitive, seven resistant) by Gene Array Chip. The top eight lncRNAs (AC007193.8, CTD-2008N3.1, FLJ36777, RP11-509J21.4, RP3-508I15.20, LOC100130950, RP5-1042K10.13, and LINC00476) for chemotherapy response were identified according to weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA). A competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network was then constructed. The crucial functions of the eight lncRNAs enriched in chemotherapy resistance were mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and proteoglycans signaling pathway. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis demonstrated that the eight lncRNAs were potent predictors for chemotherapy resistance of mCRC patients. To further identify a signature model lncRNA chemotherapy response and prognosis, the validation set consisted of 196 CRC patients from our center was used to validate lncRNAs expression and prognosis by quantitative PCR (qPCR). The expression of the eight lncRNAs expression between CRC cancerous and adjacent non-cancerous tissues was also verified in the validation data set to determine the prognostic value. A generalized linear model was established to predict the probability of chemotherapy resistance and survival. Our findings showed that the eight-lncRNA signature may be a novel biomarker for the prediction of FOLFOX chemotherapy response and prognosis of mCRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyi Zhang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Meifang Xu
- Department of Pathology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yanwu Sun
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Fuzhou Dermatosis Prevention Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Pan Chi
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zongbin Xu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xingrong Lu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
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14
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Hwang K, Yoon JH, Lee JH, Lee S. Recent Advances in Monoclonal Antibody Therapy for Colorectal Cancers. Biomedicines 2021; 9:39. [PMID: 33466394 PMCID: PMC7824816 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9010039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading causes of cancer deaths worldwide. Recent advances in recombinant DNA technology have led to the development of numerous therapeutic antibodies as major sources of blockbuster drugs for CRC therapy. Simultaneously, increasing numbers of therapeutic targets in CRC have been identified. In this review, we first highlight the physiological and pathophysiological roles and signaling mechanisms of currently known and emerging therapeutic targets, including growth factors and their receptors as well as immune checkpoint proteins, in CRC. Additionally, we discuss the current status of monoclonal antibodies in clinical development and approved by US Food and Drug Administration for CRC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Sukmook Lee
- Biopharmaceutical Chemistry Major, School of Applied Chemistry, Kookmin University, Seoul 02707, Korea; (K.H.); (J.H.Y.); (J.H.L.)
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15
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Li HS, Yang LL, Zhang MY, Cheng K, Chen Y, Liu JY. Remarkable Response of EGFR- and HER2-Amplified Metastatic Colon Cancer to Pyrotinib After Failed Multiline Treatments: A Case Report and Literature Review. Front Oncol 2020; 10:548867. [PMID: 33194604 PMCID: PMC7649345 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.548867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) has been verified as a valuable biomarker and treatment target in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). Pyrotinib, a novel irreversible HER2/epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) dual tyrosine kinase inhibitor, can efficiently inhibit the proliferation of HER2-positive cancer cells in many tumors. We report a case of a 40-year-old woman with both HER2- and EGFR-amplified metastatic colon cancer, who developed refractory disease resistant to multiline therapies (including trastuzumab with lapatinib) but achieved a remarkable response after pyrotinib treatment. For patients with HER2-positive mCRC, who have developed resistance to trastuzumab and lapatinib, pyrotinib is a promising new candidate, which can be used as salvage therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Shuai Li
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center, and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Sichuan Clinical Research Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Li-Li Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Chengdu Shangjinnanfu Hospital/West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ming-Yi Zhang
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center, and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Sichuan Clinical Research Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Ke Cheng
- Department of Abdominal Oncology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ye Chen
- Department of Abdominal Oncology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ji-Yan Liu
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center, and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Sichuan Clinical Research Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
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16
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Lobry M, Loyez M, Chah K, Hassan EM, Goormaghtigh E, DeRosa MC, Wattiez R, Caucheteur C. HER2 biosensing through SPR-envelope tracking in plasmonic optical fiber gratings. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2020; 11:4862-4871. [PMID: 33014586 PMCID: PMC7510885 DOI: 10.1364/boe.401200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
In the biomedical detection context, plasmonic tilted fiber Bragg gratings (TFBGs) have been demonstrated to be a very accurate and sensitive sensing tool, especially well-adapted for biochemical detection. In this work, we have developed an aptasensor following a triple strategy to improve the overall sensing performances and robustness. Single polarization fiber (SPF) is used as biosensor substrate while the demodulation is based on tracking a peculiar feature of the lower envelope of the cladding mode resonances spectrum. This method is highly sensitive and yields wavelength shifts several tens of times higher than the ones reported so far based on the tracking of individual modes of the spectrum. An amplification of the response is further performed through a sandwich assay by the use of specific antibodies. These improvements have been achieved on a biosensor developed for the detection of the HER2 (Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor-2) protein, a relevant breast cancer biomarker. These advanced developments can be very interesting for point-of-care biomedical measurements in a convenient practical way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxime Lobry
- Electromagnetism and Telecommunication Department, University of Mons, 31 Bld Dolez, 7000 Mons, Belgium
- Laboratory for the Structure and Function of Biological Membranes, Center for Structural Biology and Bioinformatics, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Bld du Triomphe 2,1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Médéric Loyez
- Proteomics and Microbiology Department, University of Mons, 6 Av. du Champ de Mars, 7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Karima Chah
- Electromagnetism and Telecommunication Department, University of Mons, 31 Bld Dolez, 7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Eman M. Hassan
- Institute of Biochemistry, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, Ontario, K1S 5B6, Canada
- Metrology Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, K1A0R6, Canada
| | - Erik Goormaghtigh
- Laboratory for the Structure and Function of Biological Membranes, Center for Structural Biology and Bioinformatics, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Bld du Triomphe 2,1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Maria C. DeRosa
- Institute of Biochemistry, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, Ontario, K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - Ruddy Wattiez
- Proteomics and Microbiology Department, University of Mons, 6 Av. du Champ de Mars, 7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Christophe Caucheteur
- Electromagnetism and Telecommunication Department, University of Mons, 31 Bld Dolez, 7000 Mons, Belgium
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17
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Loyez M, Lobry M, Hassan EM, DeRosa MC, Caucheteur C, Wattiez R. HER2 breast cancer biomarker detection using a sandwich optical fiber assay. Talanta 2020; 221:121452. [PMID: 33076075 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2020.121452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Optical fiber-based surface plasmon resonance (OF-SPR) sensors have demonstrated high versatility and performances over the last years, which propelled the technique to the heart of numerous and original biosensing concepts. In this work, we contribute to this effort and present our recent findings about the detection of breast cancer HER2 biomarkers through OF-SPR optrodes. 1 cm-long sections of 400 μm core-diameter optical fibers were covered with a sputtered gold film, yielding enhanced sensitivity to surface refractive index changes. Studying the impacts of the gold film thickness on the plasmonic spectral response, we improved the quality and reproducibility of the sensors. These achievements were correlated in two ways, using both the central wavelengths of the plasmon resonance and its influence on the bulk refractive index sensitivity. Our dataset was fed by additional biosensing experiments with a direct and indirect approach, relying on aptamers and antibodies specifically implemented in a sandwich layout. HER2 biomarkers were specifically detected at 0.6 μg/mL (5.16 nM) in label-free while the amplification with HER2-antibodies provided a nearly hundredfold signal magnification, reaching 9.3 ng/mL (77.4 pM). We believe that these results harbinger the way for their further use in biomedical samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Médéric Loyez
- Proteomics and Microbiology Department, University of Mons, Place Du Parc 20, 7000, Mons, Belgium.
| | - Maxime Lobry
- Electromagnetism and Telecommunications Department, University of Mons, Bld. Dolez 31, 7000, Mons, Belgium
| | - Eman M Hassan
- Institute of Biochemistry, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, Ontario, K1S 5B6, Canada; Metrology Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Maria C DeRosa
- Institute of Biochemistry, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, Ontario, K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - Christophe Caucheteur
- Electromagnetism and Telecommunications Department, University of Mons, Bld. Dolez 31, 7000, Mons, Belgium
| | - Ruddy Wattiez
- Proteomics and Microbiology Department, University of Mons, Place Du Parc 20, 7000, Mons, Belgium
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18
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Giordano G, Remo A, Porras A, Pancione M. Immune Resistance and EGFR Antagonists in Colorectal Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:E1089. [PMID: 31370270 PMCID: PMC6721348 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11081089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
: Targeting the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) either alone or in combination with chemotherapy in patients with RAS wild type metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) has revolutionized the treatment of CRC, but with less results than initially envisaged. In recent years, the discovery of multiple pathways leading to the escape from anti-EGFR therapy has revealed an enormous complexity and heterogeneity of human CRC due to the intrinsic genomic instability and immune/cancer cell interaction. Therefore, understanding the mechanistic basis of acquired resistance to targeted therapies represents a major challenge to improve the clinical outcomes of patients with CRC. The latest findings strongly suggest that complex molecular alterations coupled with changes of the immune tumor microenvironment may substantially contribute to the clinical efficacy of EGFR antagonist. In this review, we discuss the most recent findings that contribute to both primary and acquired anti-EGFR therapy resistance. In addition, we analyze how strategies aiming to enhance the favorable effects in the tumor microenvironment may contribute to overcome resistance to EGFR therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guido Giordano
- U.O.C. Medical Oncology, Ospedali Riuniti, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria, 251 Foggia, Italy
| | - Andrea Remo
- Pathology Unit, Mater Salutis Hospital AULSS9, "Scaligera", 37122 Verona, Italy
| | - Almudena Porras
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
- Health Research Institute of the Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Massimo Pancione
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
- Department of Sciences and Technologies, University of Sannio, 82100 Benevento, Italy.
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