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Morang S, Bisht M, Upadhyay V, Thapliyal S, Handu S. S1P Signaling Genes as Prominent Drivers of BCR-ABL1-Independent Imatinib Resistance and Six Herbal Compounds as Potential Drugs for Chronic Myeloid Leukemia. OMICS : A JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE BIOLOGY 2024; 28:367-376. [PMID: 38986084 DOI: 10.1089/omi.2024.0074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Imatinib (IM), a breakthrough in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) treatment, is accompanied by discontinuation challenges owing to drug intolerance. Although BCR-ABL1 mutation is a key cause of CML resistance, understanding mechanisms independent of BCR-ABL1 is also important. This study investigated the sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) signaling-associated genes (SphK1 and S1PRs) and their role in BCR-ABL1-independent resistant CML, an area currently lacking investigation. Through comprehensive transcriptomic analysis of IM-sensitive and IM-resistant CML groups, we identified the differentially expressed genes and found a notable upregulation of SphK1, S1PR2, and S1PR5 in IM-resistant CML. Functional annotation revealed their roles in critical cellular processes such as proliferation and GPCR activity. Their network analysis uncovered significant clusters, emphasizing the interconnectedness of the S1P signaling genes. Further, we identified interactors such as BIRC3, TRAF6, and SRC genes, with potential implications for IM resistance. Additionally, receiver operator characteristic curve analysis suggested these genes' potential as biomarkers for predicting IM resistance. Network pharmacology analysis identified six herbal compounds-ampelopsin, ellagic acid, colchicine, epigallocatechin-3-gallate, cucurbitacin B, and evodin-as potential drug candidates targeting the S1P signaling genes. In summary, this study contributes to efforts to better understand the molecular mechanisms underlying BCR-ABL1-independent CML resistance. Moreover, the S1P signaling genes are promising therapeutic targets and plausible new innovation avenues to combat IM resistance in cancer clinical care in the future.
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MESH Headings
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/genetics
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/metabolism
- Humans
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/genetics
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/drug effects
- Imatinib Mesylate/pharmacology
- Imatinib Mesylate/therapeutic use
- Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl/genetics
- Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl/metabolism
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Lysophospholipids/metabolism
- Gene Expression Profiling/methods
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology
- Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use
- Female
- Sphingosine/analogs & derivatives
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Affiliation(s)
- Sikha Morang
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, India
| | - Manisha Bisht
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, India
| | - Vikas Upadhyay
- Department of AYUSH, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, India
| | | | - Shailendra Handu
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, India
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2
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Sukocheva OA, Neganova ME, Aleksandrova Y, Burcher JT, Chugunova E, Fan R, Tse E, Sethi G, Bishayee A, Liu J. Signaling controversy and future therapeutical perspectives of targeting sphingolipid network in cancer immune editing and resistance to tumor necrosis factor-α immunotherapy. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:251. [PMID: 38698424 PMCID: PMC11064425 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-024-01626-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Anticancer immune surveillance and immunotherapies trigger activation of cytotoxic cytokine signaling, including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) pathways. The pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-α may be secreted by stromal cells, tumor-associated macrophages, and by cancer cells, indicating a prominent role in the tumor microenvironment (TME). However, tumors manage to adapt, escape immune surveillance, and ultimately develop resistance to the cytotoxic effects of TNF-α. The mechanisms by which cancer cells evade host immunity is a central topic of current cancer research. Resistance to TNF-α is mediated by diverse molecular mechanisms, such as mutation or downregulation of TNF/TRAIL receptors, as well as activation of anti-apoptotic enzymes and transcription factors. TNF-α signaling is also mediated by sphingosine kinases (SphK1 and SphK2), which are responsible for synthesis of the growth-stimulating phospholipid, sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P). Multiple studies have demonstrated the crucial role of S1P and its transmembrane receptors (S1PR) in both the regulation of inflammatory responses and progression of cancer. Considering that the SphK/S1P/S1PR axis mediates cancer resistance, this sphingolipid signaling pathway is of mechanistic significance when considering immunotherapy-resistant malignancies. However, the exact mechanism by which sphingolipids contribute to the evasion of immune surveillance and abrogation of TNF-α-induced apoptosis remains largely unclear. This study reviews mechanisms of TNF-α-resistance in cancer cells, with emphasis on the pro-survival and immunomodulatory effects of sphingolipids. Inhibition of SphK/S1P-linked pro-survival branch may facilitate reactivation of the pro-apoptotic TNF superfamily effects, although the role of SphK/S1P inhibitors in the regulation of the TME and lymphocyte trafficking should be thoroughly assessed in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga A Sukocheva
- Department of Hepatology, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia.
| | - Margarita E Neganova
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds at Federal Research Center of Problems of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, 142432, Russian Federation
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, Federal Research Center, Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kazan, 420088, Russian Federation
| | - Yulia Aleksandrova
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds at Federal Research Center of Problems of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, 142432, Russian Federation
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, Federal Research Center, Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kazan, 420088, Russian Federation
| | - Jack T Burcher
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL, 34211, USA
| | - Elena Chugunova
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, Federal Research Center, Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kazan, 420088, Russian Federation
| | - Ruitai Fan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Edmund Tse
- Department of Hepatology, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117600, Singapore
| | - Anupam Bishayee
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL, 34211, USA.
| | - Junqi Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
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Ahuja S, Lazar IM. Proteomic Insights into Metastatic Breast Cancer Response to Brain Cell-Secreted Factors. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.10.22.563488. [PMID: 37961261 PMCID: PMC10634729 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.22.563488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
The most devastating feature of cancer cells is their ability to metastasize to distant sites in the body. HER2+ and triple negative breast cancers frequently metastasize to the brain and stay potentially dormant for years, clinging to the microvasculature, until favorable environmental conditions support their proliferation. The sheltered and delicate nature of the brain prevents, however, early disease detection, diagnosis, and effective delivery of therapeutic drugs. Moreover, the challenges associated with the acquisition of brain tissues and biopsies add compounding difficulties to exploring the mechanistic aspects of tumor development, leading to slow progress in understanding the drivers of disease progression and response to therapy. To provide insights into the determinants of cancer cell behavior at the brain metastatic site, this study was aimed at exploring the growth and initial response of HER2+ breast cancer cells (SKBR3) to factors present in the brain perivascular niche. The neural microenvironment conditions were simulated by using the secretome of a set of brain cells that come first in contact with the cancer cells upon crossing the blood brain barrier, i.e., human endothelial cells (HBEC5i), human astrocytes (NHA) and human microglia (HMC3) cells. Cytokine microarrays were used to investigate the cell secretomes and explore the mediators responsible for cell-cell communication, and proteomic technologies for assessing the changes in the behavior of cancer cells upon exposure to the brain cell-secreted factors. The results of the study suggest that the exposure of SKBR3 cells to the brain secretomes altered their growth potential and drove them towards a state of quiescence. The cytokines, growth factors and enzymes detected in the brain cell-conditioned medium were supportive of mostly inflammatory conditions, indicating a collective functional contribution to cell activation, defense, inflammatory responses, chemotaxis, adhesion, angiogenesis, and ECM organization. The SKBR3 cells, on the other hand, secreted numerous cancer-promoting growth factors that were either absent or present in lower abundance in the brain cell culture media, suggesting that upon exposure the SKBR3 cells were deprived of favorable environmental conditions required for optimal growth. The findings of this study underscore the key role played by the neural niche in shaping the behavior of metastasized cancer cells, providing insights into the cancer-host cell cross-talk that contributes to driving metastasized cancer cells into dormancy and into the opportunities that exist for developing novel therapeutic strategies that target the brain metastases of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shreya Ahuja
- Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech 1981 Kraft Drive, Blacksburg, VA 24061
| | - Iulia M. Lazar
- Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech 1981 Kraft Drive, Blacksburg, VA 24061
- Fralin Life Sciences Institute, Virginia Tech 1981 Kraft Drive, Blacksburg, VA 24061
- Carilion School of Medicine, Virginia Tech 1981 Kraft Drive, Blacksburg, VA 24061
- Division of Systems Biology/AIS, Virginia Tech 1981 Kraft Drive, Blacksburg, VA 24061
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4
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Nguyen QTN, Nguyen P, Wang C, Phuc PT, Lin R, Hung C, Kuo N, Cheng Y, Lin S, Hsieh Z, Cheng C, Hsu M, Hsu JC. Machine learning approaches for predicting 5-year breast cancer survival: A multicenter study. Cancer Sci 2023; 114:4063-4072. [PMID: 37489252 PMCID: PMC10551582 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The study used clinical data to develop a prediction model for breast cancer survival. Breast cancer prognostic factors were explored using machine learning techniques. We conducted a retrospective study using data from the Taipei Medical University Clinical Research Database, which contains electronic medical records from three affiliated hospitals in Taiwan. The study included female patients aged over 20 years who were diagnosed with primary breast cancer and had medical records in hospitals between January 1, 2009 and December 31, 2020. The data were divided into training and external testing datasets. Nine different machine learning algorithms were applied to develop the models. The performances of the algorithms were measured using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and F1-score. A total of 3914 patients were included in the study. The highest AUC of 0.95 was observed with the artificial neural network model (accuracy, 0.90; sensitivity, 0.71; specificity, 0.73; PPV, 0.28; NPV, 0.94; and F1-score, 0.37). Other models showed relatively high AUC, ranging from 0.75 to 0.83. According to the optimal model results, cancer stage, tumor size, diagnosis age, surgery, and body mass index were the most critical factors for predicting breast cancer survival. The study successfully established accurate 5-year survival predictive models for breast cancer. Furthermore, the study found key factors that could affect breast cancer survival in Taiwanese women. Its results might be used as a reference for the clinical practice of breast cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quynh Thi Nhu Nguyen
- School of Pharmacy, College of PharmacyTaipei Medical UniversityTaipei CityTaiwan
| | - Phung‐Anh Nguyen
- Clinical Data Center, Office of Data ScienceTaipei Medical UniversityTaipei CityTaiwan
- Clinical Big Data Research CenterTaipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical UniversityTaipei CityTaiwan
- Research Center of Health Care Industry Data Science, College of ManagementTaipei Medical UniversityTaipei CityTaiwan
| | - Chun‐Jung Wang
- School of Pharmacy, College of PharmacyTaipei Medical UniversityTaipei CityTaiwan
| | - Phan Thanh Phuc
- Research Center of Health Care Industry Data Science, College of ManagementTaipei Medical UniversityTaipei CityTaiwan
| | - Ruo‐Kai Lin
- School of Pharmacy, College of PharmacyTaipei Medical UniversityTaipei CityTaiwan
| | - Chin‐Sheng Hung
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of MedicineTaipei Medical UniversityTaipei CityTaiwan
| | - Nei‐Hui Kuo
- Oncology CenterTaipei Medical University HospitalTaipei CityTaiwan
| | - Yu‐Wen Cheng
- School of Pharmacy, College of PharmacyTaipei Medical UniversityTaipei CityTaiwan
| | - Shwu‐Jiuan Lin
- School of Pharmacy, College of PharmacyTaipei Medical UniversityTaipei CityTaiwan
| | - Zong‐You Hsieh
- Research Center of Health Care Industry Data Science, College of ManagementTaipei Medical UniversityTaipei CityTaiwan
| | - Chi‐Tsun Cheng
- Research Center of Health Care Industry Data Science, College of ManagementTaipei Medical UniversityTaipei CityTaiwan
| | - Min‐Huei Hsu
- Clinical Data Center, Office of Data ScienceTaipei Medical UniversityTaipei CityTaiwan
- Graduate Institute of Data Science, College of ManagementTaipei Medical UniversityTaipei CityTaiwan
| | - Jason C. Hsu
- Clinical Data Center, Office of Data ScienceTaipei Medical UniversityTaipei CityTaiwan
- Clinical Big Data Research CenterTaipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical UniversityTaipei CityTaiwan
- Research Center of Health Care Industry Data Science, College of ManagementTaipei Medical UniversityTaipei CityTaiwan
- International Ph.D. Program in Biotech and Healthcare Management, College of ManagementTaipei Medical UniversityTaipei CityTaiwan
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5
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Vabistsevits M, Smith GD, Richardson TG, Richmond RC, Sieh W, Rothstein JH, Habel LA, Alexeeff SE, Lloyd-Lewis B, Sanderson E. The mediating role of mammographic density in the protective effect of early-life adiposity on breast cancer risk: a multivariable Mendelian randomization study. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2023:2023.09.01.23294765. [PMID: 37693539 PMCID: PMC10491349 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.01.23294765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Observational studies suggest that mammographic density (MD) may have a role in the unexplained protective effect of childhood adiposity on breast cancer risk. Here, we investigated a complex and interlinked relationship between puberty onset, adiposity, MD, and their effects on breast cancer using Mendelian randomization (MR). We estimated the effects of childhood and adulthood adiposity, and age at menarche on MD phenotypes (dense area (DA), non-dense area (NDA), percent density (PD)) using MR and multivariable MR (MVMR), allowing us to disentangle their total and direct effects. Next, we examined the effect of MD on breast cancer risk, including risk of molecular subtypes, and accounting for genetic pleiotropy. Finally, we used MVMR to evaluate whether the protective effect of childhood adiposity on breast cancer was mediated by MD. Childhood adiposity had a strong inverse effect on mammographic DA, while adulthood adiposity increased NDA. Later menarche had an effect of increasing DA and PD, but when accounting for childhood adiposity, this effect attenuated to the null. DA and PD had a risk-increasing effect on breast cancer across all subtypes. The MD single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) estimates were extremely heterogeneous, and examination of the SNPs suggested different mechanisms may be linking MD and breast cancer. Finally, MR mediation analysis estimated that 56% (95% CIs [32% - 79%]) of the childhood adiposity effect on breast cancer risk was mediated via DA. In this work, we sought to disentangle the relationship between factors affecting MD and breast cancer. We showed that higher childhood adiposity decreases mammographic DA, which subsequently leads to reduced breast cancer risk. Understanding this mechanism is of great importance for identifying potential targets of intervention, since advocating weight gain in childhood would not be recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Vabistsevits
- University of Bristol, MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Bristol, United Kingdom
- University of Bristol, Population Health Sciences, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - George Davey Smith
- University of Bristol, MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Bristol, United Kingdom
- University of Bristol, Population Health Sciences, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Tom G. Richardson
- University of Bristol, MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Bristol, United Kingdom
- University of Bristol, Population Health Sciences, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Rebecca C. Richmond
- University of Bristol, MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Bristol, United Kingdom
- University of Bristol, Population Health Sciences, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Weiva Sieh
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Department of Population Health Science and Policy, New York, NY, United States
- University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Department of Epidemiology, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Joseph H. Rothstein
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Department of Population Health Science and Policy, New York, NY, United States
- University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Department of Epidemiology, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Laurel A. Habel
- Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Division of Research, Oakland, CA, United States
| | - Stacey E. Alexeeff
- Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Division of Research, Oakland, CA, United States
| | - Bethan Lloyd-Lewis
- University of Bristol, School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Eleanor Sanderson
- University of Bristol, MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Bristol, United Kingdom
- University of Bristol, Population Health Sciences, Bristol, United Kingdom
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6
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Eng J, Bucher E, Hu Z, Sanders M, Chakravarthy B, Gonzalez P, Pietenpol JA, Gibbs SL, Sears RC, Chin K. Robust biomarker discovery through multiplatform multiplex image analysis of breast cancer clinical cohorts. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.01.31.525753. [PMID: 36778343 PMCID: PMC9915596 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.31.525753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Spatial profiling of tissues promises to elucidate tumor-microenvironment interactions and enable development of spatial biomarkers to predict patient response to immunotherapy and other therapeutics. However, spatial biomarker discovery is often carried out on a single patient cohort or imaging technology, limiting statistical power and increasing the likelihood of technical artifacts. In order to analyze multiple patient cohorts profiled on different platforms, we developed methods for comparative data analysis from three disparate multiplex imaging technologies: 1) cyclic immunofluorescence data we generated from 102 breast cancer patients with clinical follow-up, in addition to publicly available 2) imaging mass cytometry and 3) multiplex ion-beam imaging data. We demonstrate similar single-cell phenotyping results across breast cancer patient cohorts imaged with these three technologies and identify cellular abundance and proximity-based biomarkers with prognostic value across platforms. In multiple platforms, we identified lymphocyte infiltration as independently associated with longer survival in triple negative and high-proliferation breast tumors. Then, a comparison of nine spatial analysis methods revealed robust spatial biomarkers. In estrogen receptor-positive disease, quiescent stromal cells close to tumor were more abundant in good prognosis tumors while tumor neighborhoods of mixed fibroblast phenotypes were enriched in poor prognosis tumors. In triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), macrophage proximity to tumor and B cell proximity to T cells were greater in good prognosis tumors, while tumor neighborhoods of vimentin-positive fibroblasts were enriched in poor prognosis tumors. We also tested previously published spatial biomarkers in our ensemble cohort, reproducing the positive prognostic value of isolated lymphocytes and lymphocyte occupancy and failing to reproduce the prognostic value of tumor-immune mixing score in TNBC. In conclusion, we demonstrate assembly of larger clinical cohorts from diverse platforms to aid in prognostic spatial biomarker identification and validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Eng
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Elmar Bucher
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Zhi Hu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Melinda Sanders
- Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Bapsi Chakravarthy
- Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA, USA
| | - Paula Gonzalez
- Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA, USA
| | - Jennifer A. Pietenpol
- Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Summer L. Gibbs
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Rosalie C. Sears
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Koei Chin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
- Center for Early Detection Advanced Research, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
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7
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Patel B, Zhou Y, Babcock RL, Ma F, Zal MA, Kumar D, Medik YB, Kahn LM, Pineda JE, Park EM, Tang X, Raso MG, Zal T, Clise-Dwyer K, Giancotti FG, Colla S, Watowich SS. STAT3 protects HSCs from intrinsic interferon signaling and loss of long-term blood-forming activity. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.02.10.528069. [PMID: 36798265 PMCID: PMC9934695 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.10.528069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
STAT3 function in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) has been difficult to discern as Stat3 deficiency in the hematopoietic system induces systemic inflammation, which can impact HSPC activity. To address this, we established mixed bone marrow (BM) chimeric mice with CreER-mediated Stat3 deletion in 20% of the hematopoietic compartment. Stat3-deficient HSPCs had impaired hematopoietic activity and failed to undergo expansion in BM in contrast to Stat3-sufficient (CreER) controls. Single-cell RNA sequencing of Lin-ckit+Sca1+ BM cells revealed altered transcriptional responses in Stat3-deficient hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and multipotent progenitors, including intrinsic activation of cell cycle, stress response, and interferon signaling pathways. Consistent with their deregulation, Stat3-deficient Lin-ckit+Sca1+ cells accumulated γH2AX over time. Following secondary BM transplantation, Stat3-deficient HSPCs failed to reconstitute peripheral blood effectively, indicating a severe functional defect in the HSC compartment. Our results reveal essential roles for STAT3 in HSCs and suggest the potential for using targeted synthetic lethal approaches with STAT3 inhibition to remove defective or diseased HSPCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhakti Patel
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yifan Zhou
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Rachel L. Babcock
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Feiyang Ma
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Malgorzata A. Zal
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Dhiraj Kumar
- Herbert Irving Cancer Center and Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yusra B. Medik
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Laura M. Kahn
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Josué E. Pineda
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Elizabeth M. Park
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ximing Tang
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Maria Gabriela Raso
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Tomasz Zal
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Karen Clise-Dwyer
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Hematopoietic Biology and Malignancy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Filippo G. Giancotti
- Herbert Irving Cancer Center and Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Simona Colla
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Stephanie S. Watowich
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA
- Program for Innovative Microbiome and Translational Research (PRIME-TR), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, US
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8
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Misch M, Puthanveetil P. The Head-to-Toe Hormone: Leptin as an Extensive Modulator of Physiologic Systems. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23105439. [PMID: 35628271 PMCID: PMC9141226 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Leptin is a well-known hunger-sensing peptide hormone. The role of leptin in weight gain and metabolic homeostasis has been explored for the past two decades. In this review, we have tried to shed light upon the impact of leptin signaling on health and diseases. At low or moderate levels, this peptide hormone supports physiological roles, but at chronically higher doses exhibits detrimental effects on various systems. The untoward effects we observe with chronically higher levels of leptin are due to their receptor-mediated effect or due to leptin resistance and are not well studied. This review will help us in understanding the non-anorexic roles of leptin, including their contribution to the metabolism of various systems and inflammation. We will be able to get an alternative perspective regarding the physiological and pathological roles of this mysterious peptide hormone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Misch
- Chicago College of Osteopathic Medicine, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, IL 60515, USA;
| | - Prasanth Puthanveetil
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Graduate Studies, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, IL 60515, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-630-960-3935
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9
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Umar MI, Hassan W, Murtaza G, Buabeid M, Arafa E, Irfan HM, Asmawi MZ, Huang X. The Adipokine Component in the Molecular Regulation of Cancer Cell Survival, Proliferation and Metastasis. Pathol Oncol Res 2021; 27:1609828. [PMID: 34588926 PMCID: PMC8473628 DOI: 10.3389/pore.2021.1609828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
A hormonal imbalance may disrupt the rigorously monitored cellular microenvironment by hampering the natural homeostatic mechanisms. The most common example of such hormonal glitch could be seen in obesity where the uprise in adipokine levels is in virtue of the expanding bulk of adipose tissue. Such aberrant endocrine signaling disrupts the regulation of cellular fate, rendering the cells to live in a tumor supportive microenvironment. Previously, it was believed that the adipokines support cancer proliferation and metastasis with no direct involvement in neoplastic transformations and tumorigenesis. However, the recent studies have reported discrete mechanisms that establish the direct involvement of adipokine signaling in tumorigenesis. Moreover, the individual adipokine profile of the patients has never been considered in the prognosis and staging of the disease. Hence, the present manuscript has focused on the reported extensive mechanisms that culminate the basis of poor prognosis and diminished survival rate in obese cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Waseem Hassan
- Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ghulam Murtaza
- Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Manal Buabeid
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates.,Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences Research Centre, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - Elshaimaa Arafa
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates.,Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences Research Centre, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Mohd Zaini Asmawi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Science Malaysia, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Xianju Huang
- College of Pharmacy, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, China
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10
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Lefrère H, Lenaerts L, Borges VF, Schedin P, Neven P, Amant F. Postpartum breast cancer: mechanisms underlying its worse prognosis, treatment implications, and fertility preservation. Int J Gynecol Cancer 2021; 31:412-422. [PMID: 33649008 PMCID: PMC7925817 DOI: 10.1136/ijgc-2020-002072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancers that occur in young women up to 5 to 10 years' postpartum are associated with an increased risk for metastasis and death compared with breast cancers diagnosed in young, premenopausal women during or outside pregnancy. Given the trend to delay childbearing, this frequency is expected to increase. The (immuno)biology of postpartum breast cancer is poorly understood and, hence, it is unknown why postpartum breast cancer has an enhanced risk for metastasis or how it should be effectively targeted for improved survival. The poorer prognosis of women diagnosed within 10 years of a completed pregnancy is most often contributed to the effects of mammary gland involution. We will discuss the most recent data and mechanistic insights of the most important processes associated with involution and their role in the adverse effects of a postpartum diagnosis. We will also look into the effect of lactation on breast cancer outcome after diagnosis. In addition, we will discuss the available treatment strategies that are currently being used to treat postpartum breast cancer, keeping in mind the importance of fertility preservation in this group of young women. These additional insights might offer potential therapeutic options for the improved treatment of women with this specific condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanne Lefrère
- Department of Oncology, KU Leuven University Hospitals Leuven Gasthuisberg Campus, Leuven, Flanders, Belgium.,Department of Gynecology, AVL NKI, Amsterdam, Noord-Holland, The Netherlands
| | - Liesbeth Lenaerts
- Department of Oncology, KU Leuven University Hospitals Leuven Gasthuisberg Campus, Leuven, Flanders, Belgium
| | - Virginia F Borges
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado - Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA.,Young Women's Breast Cancer Translational Program, University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Pepper Schedin
- Young Women's Breast Cancer Translational Program, University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora, Colorado, USA.,Department of Cell, Developmental and Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA.,Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Patrick Neven
- Department of Oncology, KU Leuven University Hospitals Leuven Gasthuisberg Campus, Leuven, Flanders, Belgium.,Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven UZ Leuven, Leuven, Flanders, Belgium.,Multidisciplinary Breast Centre, UZ-KU Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), Katholieke Universiteit Leuven UZ Leuven, Leuven, Flanders, Belgium
| | - Frédéric Amant
- Department of Oncology, KU Leuven University Hospitals Leuven Gasthuisberg Campus, Leuven, Flanders, Belgium .,Department of Gynecology, AVL NKI, Amsterdam, Noord-Holland, The Netherlands.,Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven UZ Leuven, Leuven, Flanders, Belgium.,Department of Gynecological Oncology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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11
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Cárdenas Cárdenas E, Tenorio-Torres A, Méndez JP, Orozco-Arguelles L, Leal-García M, Coral-Vázquez RM, Vega-García CC, Bautista-Piña V, Canto P. Leptin and its receptor are overexpressed in breast cancer tissue of postmenopausal Mexican-Mestizo women with obesity. Ann Diagn Pathol 2021; 60:151705. [PMID: 33685748 DOI: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2021.151705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of leptin (LEP) and its receptor (LEPR) in breast cancer tissue of postmenopausal women with different body mass indexes (BMI), as well as the relationship of this expression with the rate of recurrence free survival (RFS). Leptin and LEPR expression, determined by immunohistochemistry, were studied in breast cancer tissues of 154 patients. Qualitative and semi-quantitative analysis of protein expression was performed by the H-Score method, through the ImageJ's IHC Profiler software. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and log-rank statistic were used to estimate RFS differences. Protein expression of LEP, was significantly higher in women with overweight or with obesity, when compared to women with normal BMI (P = 0.032 and P = 0.013, respectively). We also observed a significantly higher expression of LEPR in breast tumor cells of women with obesity (58.8%), when compared to women with normal BMI (32.7%) (P = 0.007). Five-year survival rate, regarding LEPR expression, was 82.4% when positive and 94% when negative (P = 0.024). In the Cox proportional-hazards regression model, LEPR expression represented a risk factor for disease recurrence after adjustment for confounding factors (HR = 4.67; 95% CI: 1.13-19.31; P = 0.033). In conclusion, postmenopausal women with obesity and breast cancer present higher LEP and LEPR expression in breast tumors, when compared to women with normal BMI. Independently from BMI, women with tumors LEPR positive have worst RFS, when compared to women with tumors LEPR negative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Cárdenas Cárdenas
- Unidad de Investigación en Obesidad, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico; Subdirección de Investigación Clínica, Dirección de Investigación, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición "Salvador Zubirán", Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | | | - Juan Pablo Méndez
- Unidad de Investigación en Obesidad, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico; Subdirección de Investigación Clínica, Dirección de Investigación, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición "Salvador Zubirán", Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Leticia Orozco-Arguelles
- Unidad de Investigación en Obesidad, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico; Subdirección de Investigación Clínica, Dirección de Investigación, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición "Salvador Zubirán", Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Marcela Leal-García
- Unidad de Investigación en Obesidad, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico; Subdirección de Investigación Clínica, Dirección de Investigación, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición "Salvador Zubirán", Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Ramón Mauricio Coral-Vázquez
- Sección de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, Mexico; Subdirección de Enseñanza e Investigación, Centro Médico Nacional "20 de Noviembre", Instituto de Seguridad y Servicios Sociales de los Trabajadores del Estado, D.F., Mexico
| | - Claudia Cecilia Vega-García
- Departamento de Biología de Reproducción, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición "Salvador Zubirán", Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | | | - Patricia Canto
- Unidad de Investigación en Obesidad, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico; Subdirección de Investigación Clínica, Dirección de Investigación, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición "Salvador Zubirán", Ciudad de México, Mexico.
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12
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Hii LW, Chung FFL, Mai CW, Ng PY, Leong CO. Sphingosine Kinase 1 Signaling in Breast Cancer: A Potential Target to Tackle Breast Cancer Stem Cells. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:748470. [PMID: 34820423 PMCID: PMC8606534 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.748470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Sphingosine kinases (SPHKs) are conserved lipid enzymes that catalyze the formation of sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) through ATP-dependent phosphorylation of sphingosine. Two distinct SPHK isoforms, namely SPHK1 and SPHK2, have been identified to date, and the former has been implicated for its oncogenic roles in cancer development and progression. While SPHK1 signaling axis has been extensively studied in non-stem breast cancer cells, recent evidence has emerged to suggest a role of SPHK1 in regulating cancer stem cells (CSCs). With the clinical implications of CSCs in disease relapse and metastasis, it is believed that therapeutic approaches that can eradicate both non-stem cancer cells and CSCs could be a key to cancer cure. In this review, we first explore the oncogenic functions of sphingosine kinase 1 in human cancers and summarize current research findings of SPHK1 signaling with a focus on breast cancer. We also discuss the therapeutic potentials and perspectives of targeting SPHK1 signaling in breast cancer and cancer stem cells. We aim to offer new insights and inspire future studies looking further into the regulatory functions of SPHK1 in CSC-driven tumorigenesis, uncovering novel therapeutic avenues of using SPHK1-targeted therapy in the treatment of CSC-enriched refractory cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Wei Hii
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Center for Cancer and Stem Cell Research, Institute for Research, Development and Innovation (IRDI), International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Felicia Fei-Lei Chung
- Department of Medical Sciences, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia
| | - Chun-Wai Mai
- Center for Cancer and Stem Cell Research, Institute for Research, Development and Innovation (IRDI), International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, School of Medicine, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Pei Yuen Ng
- Drug and Herbal Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Chee-Onn Leong
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Center for Cancer and Stem Cell Research, Institute for Research, Development and Innovation (IRDI), International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- *Correspondence: Chee-Onn Leong,
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13
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Annett S, Moore G, Robson T. Obesity and Cancer Metastasis: Molecular and Translational Perspectives. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E3798. [PMID: 33339340 PMCID: PMC7766668 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12123798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a modern health problem that has reached pandemic proportions. It is an established risk factor for carcinogenesis, however, evidence for the contribution of adipose tissue to the metastatic behavior of tumors is also mounting. Over 90% of cancer mortality is attributed to metastasis and metastatic tumor cells must communicate with their microenvironment for survival. Many of the characteristics observed in obese adipose tissue strongly mirror the tumor microenvironment. Thus in the case of prostate, pancreatic and breast cancer and esophageal adenocarcinoma, which are all located in close anatomical proximity to an adipose tissue depot, the adjacent fat provides an ideal microenvironment to enhance tumor growth, progression and metastasis. Adipocytes provide adipokines, fatty acids and other soluble factors to tumor cells whilst immune cells infiltrate the tumor microenvironment. In addition, there are emerging studies on the role of the extracellular vesicles secreted from adipose tissue, and the extracellular matrix itself, as drivers of obesity-induced metastasis. In the present review, we discuss the major mechanisms responsible for the obesity-metastatic link. Furthermore, understanding these complex mechanisms will provide novel therapies to halt the tumor-adipose tissue crosstalk with the ultimate aim of inhibiting tumor progression and metastatic growth.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Tracy Robson
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Science, 123 St Stephen’s Green, Dublin D02 YN77, Ireland; (S.A.); (G.M.)
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14
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Wang X, Sun Y, Peng X, Naqvi SMAS, Yang Y, Zhang J, Chen M, Chen Y, Chen H, Yan H, Wei G, Hong P, Lu Y. The Tumorigenic Effect of Sphingosine Kinase 1 and Its Potential Therapeutic Target. Cancer Control 2020; 27:1073274820976664. [PMID: 33317322 PMCID: PMC8480355 DOI: 10.1177/1073274820976664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Sphingosine kinase 1 (SPHK1) regulates cell proliferation and survival by converting sphingosine to the signaling mediator sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P). SPHK1 is widely overexpressed in most cancers, promoting tumor progression and is associated with clinical prognosis. Numerous studies have explored SPHK1 as a promising target for cancer therapy. However, due to insufficient knowledge of SPHK1 oncogenic mechanisms, its inhibitors’ therapeutic potential in preventing and treating cancer still needs further investigation. In this review, we summarized the metabolic balance regulated by the SPHK1/S1P signaling pathway and highlighted the oncogenic mechanisms of SPHK1 via the upregulation of autophagy, proliferation, and survival, migration, angiogenesis and inflammation, and inhibition of apoptosis. Drug candidates targeting SPHK1 were also discussed at the end. This review provides new insights into the oncogenic effect of SPHK1 and sheds light on the future direction for targeting SPHK1 as cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianwang Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
- Laboratory of Oncology, Center for Molecular Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Yong Sun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaochun Peng
- Laboratory of Oncology, Center for Molecular Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Syed Manzar Abbas Shah Naqvi
- Laboratory of Oncology, Center for Molecular Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Yue Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Meiwen Chen
- Laboratory of Oncology, Center for Molecular Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Yuan Chen
- Laboratory of Oncology, Center for Molecular Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Hongyue Chen
- Laboratory of Oncology, Center for Molecular Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Huizi Yan
- Laboratory of Oncology, Center for Molecular Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Guangliang Wei
- Laboratory of Oncology, Center for Molecular Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Peng Hong
- The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yingying Lu
- The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
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15
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Ma R, He Q. A Variant of Leptin Gene Decreases the Risk of Gastric Cancer in Chinese Individuals: Evidence from a Case-Control Study. PHARMACOGENOMICS & PERSONALIZED MEDICINE 2020; 13:397-404. [PMID: 33061532 PMCID: PMC7519837 DOI: 10.2147/pgpm.s258672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Background A host of studies have explored the potential connection between leptin (LEP) G19A polymorphism and the risk of cancers, but the relationship between gastric cancer (GC) susceptibility and LEP G19A polymorphism was not revealed before. The aim of this study was to investigate this relationship in Chinese Han population. Methods Thus, this case–control study with 380 GC cases and 465 controls was designed to unearth the link between LEP G19A polymorphism and GC susceptibility. Genotyping was accomplished by a custom-made 48-Plex SNP scanTM kit. Relative LEP gene expression was detected by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Results LEP G19A polymorphism was shown to relate with a decreased risk of GC. Subgroup analyses uncovered significant connections in the males, nondrinkers, and those at age <60 years. G19A polymorphism was also linked with tumor size and location and pathological type of GC. Last, LEP gene expression in gastric tissues was considerably less than in control tissues. Conclusion This study shows that G19A polymorphism of LEP gene is linked with a lower risk of GC in the tested Chinese Han individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renjie Ma
- Department of Infectious Disease, The People's Hospital of Danyang, Affiliated Danyang Hospital of Nantong University, Danyang, Jiangsu Province, 212300, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi He
- Department of Infectious Disease, The People's Hospital of Danyang, Affiliated Danyang Hospital of Nantong University, Danyang, Jiangsu Province, 212300, People's Republic of China
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16
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Alshaker H, Thrower H, Pchejetski D. Sphingosine Kinase 1 in Breast Cancer-A New Molecular Marker and a Therapy Target. Front Oncol 2020; 10:289. [PMID: 32266132 PMCID: PMC7098968 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
It is now well-established that sphingosine kinase 1 (SK1) plays a significant role in breast cancer development, progression, and spread, whereas SK1 knockdown can reverse these processes. In breast cancer cells and tumors, SK1 was shown to interact with various pathways involved in cell survival and chemoresistance, such as nuclear factor-kappa B (NFκB), Notch, Ras/MAPK, PKC, and PI3K. SK1 is upregulated by estrogen signaling, which, in turn, confers cancer cells with resistance to tamoxifen. Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) produced by SK1 has been linked to tumor invasion and metastasis. Both SK1 and S1P are closely linked to inflammation and adipokine signaling in breast cancer. In human tumors, high SK1 expression has been linked with poorer survival and prognosis. SK1 is upregulated in triple negative tumors and basal-like subtypes. It is often associated with high phosphorylation levels of ERK1/2, SFK, LYN, AKT, and NFκB. Higher tumor SK1 mRNA levels were correlated with poor response to chemotherapy. This review summarizes the up-to-date evidence and discusses the therapeutic potential for the SK1 inhibition in breast cancer, with emphasis on the mechanisms of chemoresistance and combination with other therapies such as gefitinib or docetaxel. We have outlined four key areas for future development, including tumor microenvironment, combination therapies, and nanomedicine. We conclude that SK1 may have a potential as a target for precision medicine, its high expression being a negative prognostic marker in ER-negative breast cancer, as well as a target for chemosensitization therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba Alshaker
- School of Medicine, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Hannah Thrower
- Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Dmitri Pchejetski
- School of Medicine, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom
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17
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Olea-Flores M, Zuñiga-Eulogio M, Tacuba-Saavedra A, Bueno-Salgado M, Sánchez-Carvajal A, Vargas-Santiago Y, Mendoza-Catalán MA, Pérez Salazar E, García-Hernández A, Padilla-Benavides T, Navarro-Tito N. Leptin Promotes Expression of EMT-Related Transcription Factors and Invasion in a Src and FAK-Dependent Pathway in MCF10A Mammary Epithelial Cells. Cells 2019; 8:E1133. [PMID: 31554180 PMCID: PMC6829404 DOI: 10.3390/cells8101133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Leptin is one of the main adipokines secreted in breast tissue. Leptin promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), cell migration and invasion in epithelial breast cells, leading to tumor progression. Although, the molecular mechanisms that underlie these events are not fully understood, the activation of different signaling pathways appears to be essential. In this sense, the effects of leptin on the activation of kinases like Src and FAK, which regulate signaling pathways that activate the EMT program, are not completely described. Therefore, we investigated the involvement of these kinases using an in vitro model for leptin-induced EMT process in the non-tumorigenic MCF10A cell line. To this end, MCF10A cells were stimulated with leptin, and Src and FAK activation was assessed. Specific events occurring during EMT were also evaluated in the presence or absence of the kinases' chemical inhibitors PP2 and PF-573228. For instance, we tested the expression and subcellular localization of the EMT-related transcription factors Twist and β-catenin, by western blot and immunofluorescence. We also evaluated the secretion and activation of matrix metalloproteases (MMP-2 and MMP-9) by gelatin zymography. Invasiveness properties of leptin-stimulated cells were determined by invadopodia formation assays, and by the Transwell chamber method. Our results showed that leptin promotes EMT through Src and FAK activation, which leads to the secretion and activation of MMP-2 and MMP-9, invadopodia formation and cell invasion in MCF10A cells. In conclusion, our data suggest that leptin promotes an increase in the expression levels of Twist and β-catenin, the secretion of MMP-2, MMP-9, the invadopodia formation and invasion in MCF10A cells in a Src and FAK-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monserrat Olea-Flores
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular del Cáncer, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo 39090, México.
| | - Miriam Zuñiga-Eulogio
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular del Cáncer, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo 39090, México.
| | - Arvey Tacuba-Saavedra
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular del Cáncer, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo 39090, México.
| | - Magdalena Bueno-Salgado
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular del Cáncer, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo 39090, México.
| | - Andrea Sánchez-Carvajal
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular del Cáncer, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo 39090, México.
| | - Yovani Vargas-Santiago
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular del Cáncer, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo 39090, México.
| | - Miguel A Mendoza-Catalán
- Laboratorio de Biomedicina Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo México.
| | - Eduardo Pérez Salazar
- Departamento de Biología Celular, CINVESTAV, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, CDMX 07360, México
| | - Alejandra García-Hernández
- Departamento de Biología Celular, CINVESTAV, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, CDMX 07360, México
| | - Teresita Padilla-Benavides
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA.
| | - Napoleón Navarro-Tito
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular del Cáncer, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo 39090, México.
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18
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Barone I, Giordano C, Bonofiglio D, Andò S, Catalano S. The weight of obesity in breast cancer progression and metastasis: Clinical and molecular perspectives. Semin Cancer Biol 2019; 60:274-284. [PMID: 31491560 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2019.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The escalating epidemic of overweight and obesity is currently recognized as one of the most significant health and economic concern worldwide. At the present time, over 1.9 billion adults and more than 600 million people can be, respectively, classified as overweight or obese, and numbers will continue to increase in the coming decades. This alarming scenario implies important clinical implications since excessive adiposity can progressively cause and/or exacerbate a wide spectrum of co-morbidities, including type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, and even certain types of cancer, including breast cancer. Indeed, pathological remodelling of white adipose tissue and increased levels of fat-specific cytokines (mainly leptin), as a consequence of the obesity condition, have been associated with several hallmarks of breast cancer, such as sustained proliferative signaling, cellular energetics, inflammation, angiogenesis, activating invasion and metastasis. Different preclinical and clinical data have provided evidence indicating that obesity may worsen the incidence, the severity, and the mortality of breast cancer. In the present review, we will discuss the epidemiological connection between obesity and breast cancer progression and metastasis and we will highlight the candidate players involved in this dangerous relationship. Since the major cause of death from cancer is due to widespread metastases, understanding these complex mechanisms will provide insights for establishing new therapeutic interventions to prevent/blunt the effects of obesity and thwart breast tumor progression and metastatic growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines Barone
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, Via P Bucci, 87036, Rende, CS, Italy.
| | - Cinzia Giordano
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, Via P Bucci, 87036, Rende, CS, Italy; Centro Sanitario, University of Calabria, Via P Bucci, 87036, Rende, CS, Italy
| | - Daniela Bonofiglio
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, Via P Bucci, 87036, Rende, CS, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Andò
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, Via P Bucci, 87036, Rende, CS, Italy; Centro Sanitario, University of Calabria, Via P Bucci, 87036, Rende, CS, Italy
| | - Stefania Catalano
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, Via P Bucci, 87036, Rende, CS, Italy.
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19
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Chang YC, Chuang HL, Yin JH, Liao JW, Chen TH, Wang YC. Significance of sphingosine kinase 1 expression in feline mammary tumors. BMC Vet Res 2019; 15:155. [PMID: 31101115 PMCID: PMC6525354 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-019-1883-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Sphingosine kinase 1 (SPHK1) is an enzyme that converts pro-apoptotic ceramide and sphingosine into anti-apoptotic sphingosine-1-phosphate. There is growing evidence that SPHK1 activation promotes oncogenic transformation, tumor growth, chemotherapy resistance, and metastatic spread. High SPHK1 expression has been associated with a poor prognosis in several human cancers. Results In the present study, the expression level of SPHK1 was examined in feline mammary tumor (FMT) specimens, and the IHC expression level of SPHK1 was associated with the histological grade of FMTs. IHC analysis of 88 FMT cases revealed that the expression level of SPHK1 was upregulated in 53 tumor tissues (60.2%) compared to adjacent mammary tissues. SPHK1 expression in FMTs was significantly associated with histological grade, presence of lymphovascular invasion, and estrogen receptor negativity. Treatment of primary FMT cells with SPHK1 inhibitors reduced cell viability, indicating that SPHK1 acts to promote FMT cell survival. These results indicate that SPHK1 may play an important role in FMTs and may be a therapeutic target in cats with FMT. Conclusions SPHK1 over-expression in breast cancer tissues is associated with a poor prognosis in humans. SPHK1 over-expression in more aggressive FMTs provides support for a potential role of SPHK1 inhibitors for the treatment of FMTs. Targeting SPHK1 has potent cytotoxic effects in primary FMT cells. These findings suggest that further examination of the role SPHK1 plays in FMTs will pave the way for the investigation of SPHK1 inhibitors in future clinical applications. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12917-019-1883-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Chih Chang
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Li Chuang
- National Laboratory Animal Center, National Applied Research Laboratories, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ji-Hang Yin
- Graduate Institute of Veterinary Pathobiology, National Chung Hsing University, Yu-Chih Wang, 145 Xingda Rd., South Dist, Taichung City, 402, Taiwan
| | - Jiunn-Wang Liao
- Graduate Institute of Veterinary Pathobiology, National Chung Hsing University, Yu-Chih Wang, 145 Xingda Rd., South Dist, Taichung City, 402, Taiwan
| | - Ter-Hsin Chen
- Graduate Institute of Veterinary Pathobiology, National Chung Hsing University, Yu-Chih Wang, 145 Xingda Rd., South Dist, Taichung City, 402, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chih Wang
- Graduate Institute of Veterinary Pathobiology, National Chung Hsing University, Yu-Chih Wang, 145 Xingda Rd., South Dist, Taichung City, 402, Taiwan.
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20
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Alshaker H, Wang Q, Brewer D, Pchejetski D. Transcriptome-Wide Effects of Sphingosine Kinases Knockdown in Metastatic Prostate and Breast Cancer Cells: Implications for Therapeutic Targeting. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:303. [PMID: 30971929 PMCID: PMC6445839 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Sphingosine kinases 1 and 2 (SK1 and SK2) are proto-oncogenic isozymes expressed in many human tumors and associated with chemoresistance and poor prognosis. They are well-recognized therapy targets and their inhibition was shown to induce tumor volume reduction and chemosensitization in multiple cancer models. Oncogenic signaling is extremely complex and often cross-regulated. Designing molecular therapies and their combinations requires rational approaches to avoid redundant targeting or developing resistance. In this study, we have performed RNA transcriptome microarray analysis of two breast and two prostate metastatic cancer cell lines treated with siRNAs targeting SK1 or SK2. In prostate cancer cell lines SK1 knockdown (KD) has significantly changed expression of several genes including downregulation of NSUN2, G3BP2 and upregulation of ETS1. SK2 KD also affected expression of multiple genes including downregulation of CAPZA1 NSUN3 and ADPGK and upregulation of VDAC1, IBTK, ETS1, and MKNK2. Similarly, in breast cancer cells SK1 KD led to downregulation of NSUN2, NFATC3, CDK2, and G3BP2 and upregulation of GTF2B, TTC17, and RAB23. SK2 KD in breast cancer cells has decreased expression of ITGAV and CAPZA1 and increased expression of GTF2B and ST13. Gene-set enrichment analysis of known biochemical pathways showed that in prostate and breast cell lines SKs KD have altered multiple pathways. SK1 KD altered chromatin assembly, regulation of G1/S transition and mitosis, Wnt and MAP kinase signaling and cell motility. SK2 KD altered RAS protein signal transduction, regulation of MAP kinase and serine/threonine kinase activity, cell motility, small GTPase mediated signal transduction and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) signaling. Through genome-wide microarray analysis, we have identified important molecular pathways affected by SK1 and SK2 KD. It appears that while KD of both genes leads to a decrease in individual pro-tumorigenic genes, there is a universal cellular response resulting in upregulation of several known pro-survival and pro-tumorigenic pathways such as MAPK, RAS, and PI3K, which may mediate cancer resistance to anti-SKs therapies. Our data point out to the potential advantage of certain molecular therapy combinations in targeting prostate and breast cancer. Further signaling studies are required to confirm the individual involvement of identified pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba Alshaker
- School of Medicine, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom.,Department of Pharmacology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of Petra, Amman, Jordan
| | - Qi Wang
- School of Medicine, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel Brewer
- School of Medicine, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom.,Earlham Institute, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Dmitri Pchejetski
- School of Medicine, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom
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21
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Olea-Flores M, Juárez-Cruz JC, Mendoza-Catalán MA, Padilla-Benavides T, Navarro-Tito N. Signaling Pathways Induced by Leptin during Epithelial⁻Mesenchymal Transition in Breast Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E3493. [PMID: 30404206 PMCID: PMC6275018 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19113493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Revised: 10/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Leptin is an adipokine that is overexpressed in obese and overweight people. Interestingly, women with breast cancer present high levels of leptin and of its receptor ObR. Leptin plays an important role in breast cancer progression due to the biological processes it participates in, such as epithelial⁻mesenchymal transition (EMT). EMT consists of a series of orchestrated events in which cell⁻cell and cell⁻extracellular matrix interactions are altered and lead to the release of epithelial cells from the surrounding tissue. The cytoskeleton is also re-arranged, allowing the three-dimensional movement of epithelial cells into the extracellular matrix. This transition provides cells with the ability to migrate and invade adjacent or distal tissues, which is a classic feature of invasive or metastatic carcinoma cells. In recent years, the number of cases of breast cancer has increased, making this disease a public health problem worldwide and the leading cause of death due to cancer in women. In this review, we focus on recent advances that establish: (1) leptin as a risk factor for the development of breast cancer, and (2) leptin as an inducer of EMT, an event that promotes tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monserrat Olea-Flores
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular del Cáncer, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Av. Lázaro Cárdenas s/n, Chilpancingo, GRO 39090, México.
| | - Juan Carlos Juárez-Cruz
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular del Cáncer, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Av. Lázaro Cárdenas s/n, Chilpancingo, GRO 39090, México.
| | - Miguel A Mendoza-Catalán
- Laboratorio de Biomedicina Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Av. Lázaro Cárdenas s/n, Chilpancingo, GRO 39090, México.
| | - Teresita Padilla-Benavides
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 364 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA 01605, USA.
| | - Napoleón Navarro-Tito
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular del Cáncer, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Av. Lázaro Cárdenas s/n, Chilpancingo, GRO 39090, México.
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22
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Pulkoski-Gross MJ, Obeid LM. Molecular mechanisms of regulation of sphingosine kinase 1. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2018; 1863:1413-1422. [PMID: 30591148 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2018.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Revised: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Within the last 3 decades, there has been intense study of bioactive sphingolipids and the enzymes which metabolize those lipids. One enzyme is the critical lipid kinase sphingosine kinase 1 (SK1), which produces the potent and pleiotropic signaling lipid, sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P). SK1 and S1P have been implicated in a host of different diseases including cancer, chronic inflammation, and metabolic diseases. However, while there is ample knowledge about the importance of these molecules in the development and progression of disease there is a dearth of knowledge of the molecular mechanisms which regulate SK1 function. In this review, we will cover some of the more recent and exciting findings about the different ways SK1 function can be regulated, from transcriptional regulation to protein stability. Finally, we will delve into recent structural insights into SK1 and how they might relate to function at cell membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Pulkoski-Gross
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11790, USA; Department of Medicine, The Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11790, USA.
| | - Lina M Obeid
- Department of Medicine, The Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11790, USA; Northport Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Northport, NY 11768, USA.
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23
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Alshaker H, Srivats S, Monteil D, Wang Q, Low CMR, Pchejetski D. Field template-based design and biological evaluation of new sphingosine kinase 1 inhibitors. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2018; 172:33-43. [PMID: 30043096 PMCID: PMC6208908 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-018-4900-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Sphingosine kinase 1 (SK1) is a protooncogenic enzyme expressed in many human tumours and is associated with chemoresistance and poor prognosis. It is a potent therapy target and its inhibition chemosensitises solid tumours. Despite recent advances in SK1 inhibitors synthesis and validation, their clinical safety and chemosensitising options are not well described. In this study, we have designed, synthesised and tested a new specific SK1 inhibitor with a low toxicity profile. Methods Field template molecular modelling was used for compound design. Lead compounds were tested in cell and mouse cancer models. Results Field template analysis of three known SK1 inhibitors, SKI-178, 12aa and SK1-I, was performed and compound screening identified six potential new SK1 inhibitors. SK1 activity assays in both cell-free and in vitro settings showed that two compounds were effective SK1 inhibitors. Compound SK-F has potently decreased cancer cell viability in vitro and sensitised mouse breast tumours to docetaxel (DTX) in vivo, without significant whole-body toxicity. Conclusion Through field template screening, we have identified a new SK1 inhibitor, SK-F, which demonstrated antitumour activity in vitro and in vivo without overt toxicity when combined with DTX. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s10549-018-4900-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba Alshaker
- School of Medicine, University of East Anglia, 2.53 BCRE, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR47UQ, UK. .,Department of Pharmacology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of Petra, Amman, Jordan.
| | - Shyam Srivats
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Danielle Monteil
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Qi Wang
- School of Medicine, University of East Anglia, 2.53 BCRE, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR47UQ, UK
| | | | - Dmitri Pchejetski
- School of Medicine, University of East Anglia, 2.53 BCRE, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR47UQ, UK.
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24
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Alshaker H, Wang Q, Kawano Y, Arafat T, Böhler T, Winkler M, Cooper C, Pchejetski D. Everolimus (RAD001) sensitizes prostate cancer cells to docetaxel by down-regulation of HIF-1α and sphingosine kinase 1. Oncotarget 2018; 7:80943-80956. [PMID: 27821815 PMCID: PMC5348367 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Resistance to docetaxel is a key problem in current prostate cancer management. Sphingosine kinase 1 (SK1) and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathways have been implicated in prostate cancer chemoresistance. Here we investigated whether their combined targeting may re-sensitize prostate cancer cells to docetaxel.In hormone-insensitive PC-3 and DU145 prostate cancer cells the mTOR inhibitor everolimus (RAD001) alone did not lead to significant cell death, however, it strongly sensitized cells to low levels (5 nM) of docetaxel. We show that mTOR inhibition has led to a decrease in hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) protein levels and SK1 mRNA. HIF-1α accumulation induced by CoCl2 has led to a partial chemoresistance to RAD001/docetaxel combination. SK1 overexpression has completely protected prostate cancer cells from RAD001/docetaxel effects. Using gene knockdown and CoCl2 treatment we showed that SK1 mRNA expression is downstream of HIF-1α. In a human xenograft model in nude mice single RAD001 and docetaxel therapies induced 23% and 15% reduction in prostate tumor volume, respectively, while their combination led to a 58% reduction. RAD001 alone or in combination with docetaxel has suppressed intratumoral mTOR and SK1 signaling, however as evidenced by tumor size, it required docetaxel for clinical efficacy. Combination therapy was well tolerated and had similar levels of toxicity to docetaxel alone.Overall, our data demonstrate a new mechanism of docetaxel sensitization in prostate cancer. This provides a mechanistic basis for further clinical application of RAD001/docetaxel combination in prostate cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba Alshaker
- School of Medicine, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK.,Department of Pharmacology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of Petra, Amman, Jordan
| | - Qi Wang
- School of Medicine, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - Yoshiaki Kawano
- Department of Urology, University of Kumamoto, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Tawfiq Arafat
- Department of Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of Petra, Amman, Jordan
| | - Torsten Böhler
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Mathias Winkler
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Colin Cooper
- School of Medicine, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
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25
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Hu MB, Xu H, Hu JM, Zhu WH, Yang T, Jiang HW, Ding Q. Genetic polymorphisms in leptin, adiponectin and their receptors affect risk and aggressiveness of prostate cancer: evidence from a meta-analysis and pooled-review. Oncotarget 2018; 7:81049-81061. [PMID: 27768592 PMCID: PMC5348375 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Accepted: 10/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Leptin and adiponectin signaling was associated with development and progression of various cancers. The present study aimed to clarify the role of genetic variants in leptin, adiponectin and their receptors in prostate cancer. After comprehensive search and manuscript scanning, a total of 49 genetic variants were enrolled and examined for their relations to cancer risk and aggressiveness. In the meta-analysis, LEP rs7799039 (allele contrast: OR 1.133, 95%CI 1.024-1.254), ADIPOQ rs2241766 (allele contrast: OR 1.201, 95%CI 1.015-1.422) and ADIPOR1 rs10920531 (allele contrast: OR 1.184, 95%CI 1.075-1.305) variants were identified to be correlated with increased risk of prostate cancer. On the contrary, LEPR rs1137101 (allele contrast: OR 0.843, 95%CI 0.730-0.973) and ADIPOR1 rs2232853 (allele contrast: OR 0.638, 95%CI 0.535-0.760) variants were associated with decreased risk of prostate cancer. From the pooled-review, we additionally recognized eight variants associated with cancer risk and another eight variants associated with cancer aggressiveness, respectively. These observations indicated important roles of leptin, adiponectin and their receptors in the development and progression of prostate cancer. The identified polymorphisms might assist in developing better risk-assessment tools, as well as generating novel targeted therapies, especially for obese cancer patients with impaired leptin and adiponectin signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Bo Hu
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Hua Xu
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Ji-Meng Hu
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Wen-Hui Zhu
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Tian Yang
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Hao-Wen Jiang
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Qiang Ding
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
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26
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Sukocheva OA. Expansion of Sphingosine Kinase and Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Receptor Function in Normal and Cancer Cells: From Membrane Restructuring to Mediation of Estrogen Signaling and Stem Cell Programming. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19020420. [PMID: 29385066 PMCID: PMC5855642 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19020420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Revised: 01/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Sphingolipids, sphingolipid metabolizing enzymes, and their receptors network are being recognized as part of the signaling mechanisms, which govern breast cancer cell growth, migration, and survival during chemotherapy treatment. Approximately 70% of breast cancers are estrogen receptor (ER) positive and, thus, rely on estrogen signaling. Estrogen activates an intracellular network composed of many cytoplasmic and nuclear mediators. Some estrogen effects can be mediated by sphingolipids. Estrogen activates sphingosine kinase 1 (SphK1) and amplifies the intracellular concentration of sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) in breast cancer cells during stimulation of proliferation and survival. Specifically, Estrogen activates S1P receptors (S1PR) and induces growth factor receptor transactivation. SphK, S1P, and S1PR expression are causally associated with endocrine resistance and progression to advanced tumor stages in ER-positive breast cancers in vivo. Recently, the network of SphK/S1PR was shown to promote the development of ER-negative cancers and breast cancer stem cells, as well as stimulating angiogenesis. Novel findings confirm and broaden our knowledge about the cross-talk between sphingolipids and estrogen network in normal and malignant cells. Current S1PRs therapeutic inhibition was indicated as a promising chemotherapy approach in non-responsive and advanced malignancies. Considering that sphingolipid signaling has a prominent role in terminally differentiated cells, the impact should be considered when designing specific SphK/S1PR inhibitors. This study analyzes the dynamic of the transformation of sphingolipid axis during a transition from normal to pathological condition on the level of the whole organism. The sphingolipid-based mediation and facilitation of global effects of estrogen were critically accented as a bridging mechanism that should be explored in cancer prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga A Sukocheva
- College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University of South Australia, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia.
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27
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Investigation of TCF7L2, LEP and LEPR polymorphisms with esophageal squamous cell carcinomas. Oncotarget 2017; 8:109107-109119. [PMID: 29312594 PMCID: PMC5752507 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Accepted: 08/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in energy metabolism related gene may be key agents in the development of human malignancies. In this study, we aimed to examine the association of transcription factor 7-like 2, Leptin (LEP) and LEP receptor (LEPR) polymorphisms with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). A total of 507 ESCC cases and 1,496 controls were enrolled. We found that LEPR rs6588147 AA genotype was associated with ESCC risk (AA vs. GG/GA: adjusted OR=1.90, 95%CI=1.00-3.61, P=0.049). In the stratified analyses, LEPR rs6588147 G>A polymorphism increased the risk of ESCC (<63 years subgroup: AA vs. GG: adjusted OR=2.58, 95%CI=1.00-6.62, P=0.049 and AA vs. GA/GG: adjusted OR=2.71, 95%CI=1.06-6.91, P=0.038; male subgroup: AA vs. GG: adjusted OR=2.19, 95%CI=1.02-4.67, P=0.044 and AA vs. GA/GG: adjusted OR=2.26, 95%CI=1.06-4.80, P=0.035). However, LEP rs7799039 A>G decreased the risk of ESCC (≥63 years subgroup: GG vs. AA: adjusted OR=0.47, 95%CI=0.23-0.95, P=0.035 and GG vs. AA/AG: adjusted OR=0.48, 95%CI=0.24-0.96, P=0.038; BMI≥24 kg/m2 subgroup: AG vs. AA: adjusted OR=0.66, 95%CI=0.45-0.99, P=0.044). In addition, LEPR rs1137101 G>A polymorphism decreased ESCC risk in some subgroups (ever smoking subgroup: GA vs. GG: adjusted OR=0.66, 95%CI=0.44-1.00, P=0.049; ever drinking subgroup: GA vs. GG: adjusted OR=0.54, 95%CI=0.31-0.95, P=0.031 and GA/AA vs. GG: adjusted OR=0.54, 95%CI=0.31-0.93, P=0.027). Our findings suggest that LEPR rs6588147 G>A polymorphism is associated with the increased risk of ESCC; however, LEP rs7799039 A>G and LEPR rs1137101 G>A polymorphisms may be protective factors for ESCC.
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28
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Ray A, Cleary MP. The potential role of leptin in tumor invasion and metastasis. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2017; 38:80-97. [PMID: 29158066 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2017.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The adipocyte-released hormone-like cytokine/adipokine leptin behaves differently in obesity compared to its functions in the normal healthy state. In obese individuals, elevated leptin levels act as a pro-inflammatory adipokine and are associated with certain types of cancers. Further, a growing body of evidence suggests that higher circulating leptin concentrations and/or elevated expression of leptin receptors (Ob-R) in tumors may be poor prognostic factors. Although the underlying pathological mechanisms of leptin's association with poor prognosis are not clear, leptin can impact the tumor microenvironment in several ways. For example, leptin is associated with a number of biological components that could lead to tumor cell invasion and distant metastasis. This includes interactions with carcinoma-associated fibroblasts, tumor promoting effects of infiltrating macrophages, activation of matrix metalloproteinases, transforming growth factor-β signaling, etc. Recent studies also have shown that leptin plays a role in the epithelial-mesenchymal transition, an important phenomenon for cancer cell migration and/or metastasis. Furthermore, leptin's potentiating effects on insulin-like growth factor-I, epidermal growth factor receptor and HER2/neu have been reported. Regarding unfavorable prognosis, leptin has been shown to influence both adenocarcinomas and squamous cell carcinomas. Features of poor prognosis such as tumor invasion, lymph node involvement and distant metastasis have been recorded in several cancer types with higher levels of leptin and/or Ob-R. This review will describe the current scenario in a precise manner. In general, obesity indicates poor prognosis in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amitabha Ray
- Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Seton Hill University, Greensburg, PA 15601, United States
| | - Margot P Cleary
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN 55912, United States.
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29
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Geffken K, Spiegel S. Sphingosine kinase 1 in breast cancer. Adv Biol Regul 2017; 67:59-65. [PMID: 29055687 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbior.2017.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Revised: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer affects 1 out of 8 women in the US and is the second highest cause of death from cancer for women, leading to considerable research examining the causes, progression, and treatment of breast cancer. Over the last two decades, sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), a potent sphingolipid metabolite, has been implicated in many processes important for breast cancer including growth, progression, transformation and metastasis, and is the focus of this review. In particular, one of the kinases that produces S1P, sphingosine kinase 1 (SphK1), has come under increasing scrutiny as it is commonly upregulated in breast cancer cells and has been linked with poorer prognosis and progression, possibly leading to resistance to certain anti-cancer therapies. In this review, we will also discuss preclinical studies of both estrogen receptor (ER) positive as well as triple-negative breast cancer mouse models with inhibitors of SphK1 and other compounds that target the S1P axis and have shown good promise in reducing tumor growth and metastasis. It is hoped that in the future this will lead to development of novel combination approaches for effective treatment of both conventional hormonal therapy-resistant breast cancer and triple-negative breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kurt Geffken
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and the Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23298 USA
| | - Sarah Spiegel
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and the Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23298 USA.
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Core shell lipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticles with combined docetaxel and molecular targeted therapy for the treatment of metastatic prostate cancer. Sci Rep 2017; 7:5901. [PMID: 28724986 PMCID: PMC5517417 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-06142-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 06/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Many prostate cancers relapse after initial chemotherapy treatment. Combining molecular and chemotherapy together with encapsulation of drugs in nanocarriers provides effective drug delivery and toxicity reduction. We developed core shell lipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticles (CSLPHNPs) with poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) core and lipid layer containing docetaxel and clinically used inhibitor of sphingosine kinase 1 (SK1) FTY720 (fingolimod). We show for the first time that FTY720 (both free and in CSLPHNPs) re-sensitizes castrate resistant prostate cancer cells and tumors to docetaxel, allowing a four-fold reduction in effective dose. Our CSLPHNPs showed high serum stability and a long shelf life. CSLPHNPs demonstrated a steady uptake by tumor cells, sustained intracellular drug release and in vitro efficacy superior to free therapies. In a mouse model of human prostate cancer, CSLPHNPs showed excellent tumor targeting and significantly lower side effects compared to free drugs, importantly, reversing lymphopenia induced by FTY720. Overall, we demonstrate that nanoparticle encapsulation can improve targeting, provide low off-target toxicity and most importantly reduce FTY720-induced lymphopenia, suggesting its potential use in clinical cancer treatment.
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Alshaker H, Wang Q, Srivats S, Chao Y, Cooper C, Pchejetski D. New FTY720-docetaxel nanoparticle therapy overcomes FTY720-induced lymphopenia and inhibits metastatic breast tumour growth. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2017; 165:531-543. [PMID: 28695300 PMCID: PMC5602005 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-017-4380-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2017] [Accepted: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Purpose Combining molecular therapies with chemotherapy may offer an improved clinical outcome for chemoresistant tumours. Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) receptor antagonist and sphingosine kinase 1 (SK1) inhibitor FTY720 (FTY) has promising anticancer properties, however, it causes systemic lymphopenia which impairs its use in cancer patients. In this study, we developed a nanoparticle (NP) combining docetaxel (DTX) and FTY for enhanced anticancer effect, targeted tumour delivery and reduced systemic toxicity. Methods Docetaxel, FTY and glucosamine were covalently conjugated to poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA). NPs were characterised by dynamic light scattering and electron microscopy. The cellular uptake, cytotoxicity and in vivo antitumor efficacy of CNPs were evaluated. Results We show for the first time that in triple negative breast cancer cells FTY provides chemosensitisation to DTX, allowing a four-fold reduction in the effective dose. We have encapsulated both drugs in PLGA complex NPs (CNPs), with narrow size distribution of ~ 100 nm and excellent cancer cell uptake providing sequential, sustained release of FTY and DTX. In triple negative breast cancer cells and mouse breast cancer models, CNPs had similar efficacy to systemic free therapies, but allowed an effective drug dose reduction. Application of CNPs has significantly reversed chemotherapy side effects such as weight loss, liver toxicity and, most notably, lymphopenia. Conclusions We show for the first time the DTX chemosensitising effects of FTY in triple negative breast cancer. We further demonstrate that encapsulation of free drugs in CNPs can improve targeting, provide low off-target toxicity and most importantly reduce FTY-induced lymphopenia, offering potential therapeutic use of FTY in clinical cancer treatment. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s10549-017-4380-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorised users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba Alshaker
- School of Medicine, University of East Anglia, 2.53 BCRE, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR47UQ, UK
- Department of Pharmacology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of Petra, Amman, Jordan
| | - Qi Wang
- School of Medicine, University of East Anglia, 2.53 BCRE, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR47UQ, UK
| | - Shyam Srivats
- University of California San Francisco, Health Sciences East 1350, San Francisco, CA, 94143-0130, USA
| | - Yimin Chao
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - Colin Cooper
- School of Medicine, University of East Anglia, 2.53 BCRE, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR47UQ, UK
| | - Dmitri Pchejetski
- School of Medicine, University of East Anglia, 2.53 BCRE, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR47UQ, UK.
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Alshaker H, Wang Q, Böhler T, Mills R, Winkler M, Arafat T, Kawano Y, Pchejetski D. Combination of RAD001 (everolimus) and docetaxel reduces prostate and breast cancer cell VEGF production and tumour vascularisation independently of sphingosine-kinase-1. Sci Rep 2017; 7:3493. [PMID: 28615679 PMCID: PMC5471177 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-03728-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Resistance to docetaxel is a key problem in current prostate and breast cancer management. We have recently discovered a new molecular mechanism of prostate cancer docetaxel chemoresistance mediated by the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)/sphingosine-kinase-1 (SK1) pathway. Here we investigated the influence of this pathway on vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) production and tumour vascularisation in hormone resistant prostate and breast cancer models. Immunofluorescent staining of tumour sections from human oestrogen receptor (ER)-negative breast cancer patients showed a strong correlation between phosphorylated P70S6 kinase (mTOR downstream target), VEGF and SK1 protein expression. In hormone-insensitive prostate (PC3) and breast (MDA-MB-231 and BT-549) cancer cell lines the mTOR inhibitor RAD001 (everolimus) has significantly inhibited SK1 and VEGF expression, while low dose (5 nM) docetaxel had no significant effect. In these cell lines, SK1 overexpression slightly increased the basal levels of VEGF, but did not block the inhibitory effect of RAD001 on VEGF. In a human prostate xenograft model established in nude mice, RAD001 alone or in combination with docetaxel has suppressed tumour growth, VEGF expression and decreased tumour vasculature. Overall, our data demonstrate a new mechanism of an independent regulation of SK1 and VEGF by mTOR in hormone-insensitive prostate and breast cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba Alshaker
- School of Medicine, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK. .,Faculty of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of Petra, Amman, Jordan.
| | - Qi Wang
- School of Medicine, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - Torsten Böhler
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Robert Mills
- Norfolk & Norwich University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Norwich, UK
| | - Mathias Winkler
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Tawfiq Arafat
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of Petra, Amman, Jordan
| | - Yoshiaki Kawano
- Department of Urology, University of Kumamoto, Kumamoto, Japan
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Nazouri AS, Asadpour O, Dabiri S, Pourseyedi B, Lashkarizadeh MR, Zianalinejad H. High Expression of Sphingosine Kinase 1 in Estrogen and Progesterone Receptors-Negative Breast Cancer. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2017. [PMID: 29531546 DOI: pmid/29531546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer related death in females. Sphingosine kinase 1 (SPHK1) and its product sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) are the essential key regulator molecules in breast cancer through their ability to promote cell proliferation, angiogenesis, cell proliferation, and lymphagiogenesis. SPHK1 is overexpressed in multiple types of cancer including breast cancer and is associated with resistance to treatment. The current study aimed at investigating the expression of SPHK1 in estrogen and progesterone receptors (ER, PR) negative in comparison to ER, and PR positive breast cancer and their normal controls, and also finding the relationship between SPHK1 expression and high body index (BMI) in the selected groups with breast cancer. METHODS A total of 120 human breast cancer tissue specimens were analyzed for SPHK1 expression using Quantitative Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (q RT-PCR) assay. Detection of hormonal status of breast cancer tissue samples was conducted by immunohistochemical assay. RESULT The current study findings showed that the level of SPHK1expression in the breast cancer tissue was significantly higher in patients with estrogen and progesterone negative receptors, compared to the ones without them (P-value< 0.05). The obtained data confirmed that the obesity in patients with ER negative was higher than the ones with positive receptors (BMI> 25). CONCLUSION The current study showed that expression of SPHK1gene was higher in the patients with ER and PR negative breast cancer and high BMI, compared with other groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azadeh-Sadat Nazouri
- Dept. of Biology, Science Faculty, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.,Pathology and Stem Cell Research Center, Pathology Department, Afzalipour School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Ommolbanin Asadpour
- Dept. of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahriar Dabiri
- Pathology and Stem Cell Research Center, Pathology Department, Afzalipour School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Bahram Pourseyedi
- Surgery Department, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
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Hosney M, Sabet S, El-Shinawi M, Gaafar KM, Mohamed MM. Leptin is overexpressed in the tumor microenvironment of obese patients with estrogen receptor positive breast cancer. Exp Ther Med 2017; 13:2235-2246. [PMID: 28565832 PMCID: PMC5443182 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.4291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2016] [Accepted: 01/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the potential role of leptin in the progression of breast cancer and the associated cell proliferation signalling pathway(s). A total of 44 female patients diagnosed with breast cancer and 24 healthy donors from Ain Shams University Hospitals (Cairo, Egypt) were enrolled in the present study. The present study assessed leptin expression in breast cancer tissues at the gene and protein level using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and immunohistochemistry. The results demonstrate that the expression of leptin was significantly higher in tissue of breast cancer samples from obese patients than overweight and control samples (P<0.001). ELISA results indicated a significant increase (P<0.001) of leptin expression in obese patients. To investigate whether there is any difference in leptin expression between the peripheral and tumor microenvironment blood of patients with breast cancer, the concentration of leptin was assessed in plasma from both using ELISA assays. The results demonstrated a statistically significant increase in the level of leptin in plasma samples from the tumor microenvironment of obese patients with estrogen receptor positive (ER+) breast cancer, compared with peripheral plasma samples. Furthermore, the leptin gene was overexpressed in obese ER+ breast cancer tissue. RT-qPCR was also performed to assess the expression of genes involved in proliferation pathways including leptin receptor (LEPR), aromatase, mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) and signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (STAT3). A positive association between leptin expression, LEPR, aromatase, MAPK and STAT3 was detected in tissue samples of patients with breast cancer. The current study concluded that leptin may enhance breast cancer progression by inducing the expression of JAK/STAT3, ERK1/2 and estrogen pathways in obese patients breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Hosney
- Department of Zoology, Cancer Biology Research Laboratory (CBRL), Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Salwa Sabet
- Department of Zoology, Cancer Biology Research Laboratory (CBRL), Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Mohamed El-Shinawi
- Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Khadiga M Gaafar
- Department of Zoology, Cancer Biology Research Laboratory (CBRL), Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Mona M Mohamed
- Department of Zoology, Cancer Biology Research Laboratory (CBRL), Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
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Donohoe CL, Lysaght J, O'Sullivan J, Reynolds JV. Emerging Concepts Linking Obesity with the Hallmarks of Cancer. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2017; 28:46-62. [PMID: 27633129 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2016.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2016] [Revised: 08/03/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
There is compelling epidemiological evidence linking obesity to many tumours; however, the molecular mechanisms fuelling this association are not clearly understood. Emerging evidence links changes in the tumour microenvironment with the obese state, and murine and human studies highlight the relevance of adipose stromal cells (ASCs), including immune cells, both at remote fat depots, such as the omentum, as well as in peritumoural tissue. These obesity-associated changes have been implicated in several hallmarks of cancer, including the chronic inflammatory state and associated cell signalling, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), tumour-related fibrosis, angiogenesis, and genomic instability. Here, we present a summary of developments over the past 5 years, with particular focus on the tumour microenvironment in the obese state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire L Donohoe
- Department of Surgery, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute (TTMI), Trinity College Dublin/St James' Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Joanne Lysaght
- Department of Surgery, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute (TTMI), Trinity College Dublin/St James' Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Jacintha O'Sullivan
- Department of Surgery, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute (TTMI), Trinity College Dublin/St James' Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - John V Reynolds
- Department of Surgery, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute (TTMI), Trinity College Dublin/St James' Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
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Leptin, obesity and breast cancer: progress to understanding the molecular connections. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2016; 31:83-89. [PMID: 27816025 DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2016.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Revised: 09/23/2016] [Accepted: 10/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Obesity has a complicated connection to both breast cancer risk and the clinical behaviour of the established disease. The obese setting provides a unique adipose tissue microenvironment that, in association with systemic endocrine modifications, promotes tumor initiation, primary growth, invasion, and metastatic progression. This review presents an overview of the clinical and experimental evidences highlighting the adipokine leptin as the most important molecular mediator of obesity-breast cancer axis. The research of leptin network operating in this context could launch a new field not only in the knowledge of risk factors for breast cancer but also in the development of leptin targeting drugs as promising anticancer agents.
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Alshaker H, Sacco K, Alfraidi A, Muhammad A, Winkler M, Pchejetski D. Leptin signalling, obesity and prostate cancer: molecular and clinical perspective on the old dilemma. Oncotarget 2016; 6:35556-63. [PMID: 26376613 PMCID: PMC4742124 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.5574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2015] [Accepted: 08/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of global obesity is increasing. Obesity is associated with general cancer-related morbidity and mortality and is a known risk factor for development of specific cancers. A recent large systematic review of 24 studies based on meta-analysis of 11,149 patients with prostate cancer showed a significant correlation between obesity and the risk of advanced prostate cancer. Further, a sustained reduction in BMI correlates with a decreased risk of developing aggressive disease. On the other hand, the correlation between consuming different products and prostate cancer occurrence/risk is limited.Here, we review the role of adipose tissue from an endocrine perspective and outline the effect of adipokines on cancer metabolism, with particular focus on leptin. Leptin exerts its physiological and pathological effects through modification of intracellular signalling, most notably activating the Janus kinase (JAK) 2/signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 3 pathway and recently shown sphingolipid pathway. Both high levels of leptin in circulation and leptin receptor mutation are associated with prostate cancer risk in human patients; however, the in vivo mechanistic evidence is less conclusive.Given the complexity of metabolic cancer pathways, it is possible that leptin may have varying effects on prostate cancer at different stages of its development, a point that may be addressed by further epidemiological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba Alshaker
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK.,Department of Pharmacology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Petra University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Keith Sacco
- University of Malta Medical School, Mater Dei Hospital, Tal-Qroqq, MSD, Malta
| | - Albandri Alfraidi
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Aun Muhammad
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Mathias Winkler
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK
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Anti-cancer effect of Annona Muricata Linn Leaves Crude Extract (AMCE) on breast cancer cell line. Altern Ther Health Med 2016; 16:311. [PMID: 27558166 PMCID: PMC4997662 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-016-1290-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2016] [Accepted: 08/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Background Annona muricata Linn which comes from Annonaceae family possesses many therapeutic benefits as reported in previous studies and to no surprise, it has been used in many cultures to treat various ailments including headaches, insomnia, and rheumatism to even treating cancer. However, Annona muricata Linn obtained from different cultivation area does not necessarily offer the same therapeutic effects towards breast cancer (in regards to its bioactive compound production). In this study, anti-proliferative and anti-cancer effects of Annona muricata crude extract (AMCE) on breast cancer cell lines were evaluated. Methods A screening of nineteen samples of Annona muricata from different location was determined by MTT assay on breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, and 4 T1) which revealed a varied potency (IC50) amongst them. Then, based on the IC50 profile from the anti-proliferative assay, further downward assays such as cell cycle analysis, Annexin V/FITC, AO/PI, migration, invasion, and wound healing assay were performed only with the most potent leaf aqueous extract (B1 AMCE) on 4 T1 breast cancer cell line to investigate its anti-cancer effect. Then, the in vivo anti-cancer study was conducted where mice were fed with extract after inducing the tumor. At the end of the experiment, histopathology of tumor section, tumor nitric oxide level, tumor malondialdehyde level, clonogenic assay, T cell immunophenotyping, and proteome profiler analysis were performed. Results Annona muricata crude extract samples exhibited different level of cytotoxicity toward breast cancer cell lines. The selected B1 AMCE reduced the tumor’s size and weight, showed anti-metastatic features, and induced apoptosis in vitro and in vivo of the 4 T1 cells. Furthermore, it decreased the level of nitric oxide and malondialdehyde in tumor while also increased the level of white blood cell, T-cell, and natural killer cell population. Conclusion The results suggest that, B1 AMCE is a promising candidate for cancer treatment especially in breast cancer and deserves further research as an alternative to conventional drugs while also stressed out the selection of soursop sample which plays a significant role in determining its potential therapeutic effect on cancer. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12906-016-1290-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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RIG-I inhibits pancreatic β cell proliferation through competitive binding of activated Src. Sci Rep 2016; 6:28914. [PMID: 27349479 PMCID: PMC4923948 DOI: 10.1038/srep28914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2016] [Accepted: 06/10/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Nutrition is a necessary condition for cell proliferation, including pancreatic β cells; however, over-nutrition, and the resulting obesity and glucolipotoxicity, is a risk factor for the development of Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), and causes inhibition of pancreatic β-cells proliferation and their loss of compensation for insulin resistance. Here, we showed that Retinoic acid (RA)-inducible gene I (RIG-I) responds to nutrient signals and induces loss of β cell mass through G1 cell cycle arrest. Risk factors for type 2 diabetes (e.g., glucolipotoxicity, TNF-α and LPS) activate Src in pancreatic β cells. Elevated RIG-I modulated the interaction of activated Src and STAT3 by competitive binding to STAT3. Elevated RIG-I downregulated the transcription of SKP2, and increased the stability and abundance of P27 protein in a STAT3-dependent manner, which was associated with inhibition of β cell growth elicited by Src. These results supported a role for RIG-I in β cell mass loss under conditions of metabolic surplus and suggested that RIG-I-induced blocking of Src/STAT3 signalling might be involved in G1 phase cycle arrest through the Skp2/P27 pathway in pancreatic β cells.
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Delort L, Rossary A, Farges MC, Vasson MP, Caldefie-Chézet F. Leptin, adipocytes and breast cancer: Focus on inflammation and anti-tumor immunity. Life Sci 2015; 140:37-48. [PMID: 25957709 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2015.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2015] [Revised: 03/30/2015] [Accepted: 04/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
More than one million new cases of breast cancer are diagnosed worldwide each year and more than 400,000 deaths are caused by the disease. The origin of this pathology is multifactorial and involved genetic, hormonal, environmental and nutritional factors including obesity in postmenopausal women. The role played by the adipose tissue and their secretions, ie adipokines, is beginning to be recognized. Plasma adipokine levels, which are modulated during obesity, could have “remote” effects on mammary carcinogenesis. Breast cancer cells are surrounded and locally influenced by an adipocyte microenvironment, which is probably more extensive in obese people. Hence, leptin appears to be strongly involved in mammary carcinogenesis and may contribute to the local pro-inflammatory mechanisms, especially in obese patients, who have increased metastatic potential and greater risk of mortality. This review presents the multifaceted role of leptin in breast cancer development and the different molecular pathways involved such as inflammation, oxidative stress and antitumor immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laetitia Delort
- Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, UFR Pharmacie, 28 place Henri Dunant, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; INRA, UMR 1019, ECREIN, CRNH Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Adrien Rossary
- Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, UFR Pharmacie, 28 place Henri Dunant, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; INRA, UMR 1019, ECREIN, CRNH Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Marie-Chantal Farges
- Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, UFR Pharmacie, 28 place Henri Dunant, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; INRA, UMR 1019, ECREIN, CRNH Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Marie-Paule Vasson
- Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, UFR Pharmacie, 28 place Henri Dunant, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; INRA, UMR 1019, ECREIN, CRNH Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; Centre Jean-Perrin, CHU Gabriel-Montpied, Unité de Nutrition, 63003 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Florence Caldefie-Chézet
- Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, UFR Pharmacie, 28 place Henri Dunant, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; INRA, UMR 1019, ECREIN, CRNH Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France.
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Alshaker H, Wang Q, Frampton AE, Krell J, Waxman J, Winkler M, Stebbing J, Cooper C, Yagüe E, Pchejetski D. Sphingosine kinase 1 contributes to leptin-induced STAT3 phosphorylation through IL-6/gp130 transactivation in oestrogen receptor-negative breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2015; 149:59-67. [PMID: 25481644 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-014-3228-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2014] [Accepted: 12/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is a known risk factor for breast cancer. We have recently identified that adipokine leptin regulates the expression of a proto-oncogenic enzyme sphingosine kinase 1 (SK1). Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) has been linked to breast cancer progression and here we investigate the mechanism of leptin-induced STAT3 activation in ER-negative breast cancer. Gene and protein expression in human primary and secondary breast cancer tissues was analysed using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) assay and immunofluorescence. Leptin-induced signalling was analysed in human ER-negative breast cancer cells using Western blotting, qRT-PCR and radiolabelling assays. Gene expression and receptor signalling was modified using small interfering RNA and neutralising antibodies. In human ER-negative breast tumours and lymph node metastases, the expression of leptin receptor significantly correlated with SK1. In ER-negative breast cancer cells, SK1 knockdown led to a significant reduction in leptin-induced STAT3 phosphorylation. Knockdown of another known activator of STAT3 signalling, gp130 also resulted in a significant decrease in leptin-induced STAT3 phosphorylation. ELISA assay showed that leptin produces a significant amount of IL-6 in an SK1-dependent manner. IL-6 neutralising antibodies significantly reduced p-STAT3. Immunofluorescent staining of human primary and secondary breast tumours showed significant correlation between SK1 and IL-6 (P < 0.001), SK1 and p-STAT3 (P < 0.01) and IL-6 and p-STAT3 (P < 0.01). Our findings demonstrate that leptin-induced STAT3 is partially cross activated through SK1-mediated IL6 secretion and gp130 activation. Positive correlations in human tissues suggest the potential significance of this pathway in ER-negative breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba Alshaker
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College London, 1st Floor ICTEM, Ducane Road, London, W120NN, UK,
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