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Yit LFN, Quek ZHS, Tan TJ, Tan BF, Tan PH, Tan KTB, Sim Y, Wong FY. Curative Approaches for Metaplastic Breast Cancer: A Retrospective Cohort Outcome Review. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2024:S0360-3016(24)00751-X. [PMID: 38950711 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2024.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Metaplastic breast cancer (MBC) is a rare and heterogeneous breast cancer subtype, and there are critical gaps in our understanding of its long-term outcomes. This retrospective cohort study aimed to address these gaps by scrutinizing the pathologic and clinical aspects of MBC to enhance clinical decision-making and refine patient care strategies. METHODS AND MATERIALS This registry-based retrospective cohort study included women aged ≥21 years diagnosed with MBC or matrix-producing carcinoma. The data were obtained from January 2001 to August 2020 from the Joint Breast Cancer Registry of Singapore Health Services, which included 23,935 patients. Demographic and clinicopathologic characteristics, neoadjuvant chemotherapy responses, and survival outcomes were analyzed. Statistical assessments involved univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards models and Kaplan-Meier survival analyses. RESULTS This study enrolled 170 patients; 87.1% had non-metastatic disease, and 12.9% had metastatic disease. The age of patients at diagnosis ranged from 46 to 65 years (median, 56 years). The cohort's predominant characteristics were triple negative breast cancer (64%), advanced clinical stage (77.6%), node negativity (67.6%), and grade 3 disease (74.1%). In patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy with curative intent treatment (17.6%), neoadjuvant chemotherapy yielded a pathologic complete response of 19.2% and a disease progression rate of 46.2%. Multivariate analysis showed that adjuvant radiation therapy significantly improved overall survival and disease-free survival, with hazard ratios of 0.29 (95% CI, 0.13-0.62; P < .005) and 0.23 (95% CI, 0.10-0.50; P < .005), respectively. Clinical T3 and T4 stages and nodal involvement were associated with poor outcomes. Stable disease after neoadjuvant chemotherapy was associated with poor overall survival and disease-free survival. CONCLUSIONS This study sheds light on the complex landscape of MBC and emphasizes the pivotal role of adjuvant radiation therapy in enhancing patient outcomes. Despite advancements, challenges persist that warrant continued research to refine neoadjuvant chemotherapy strategies and delve into the nuanced factors that influence treatment responses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Tira J Tan
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore
| | - Boon Fei Tan
- Division of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore
| | - Puay Hoon Tan
- Division of Pathology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore
| | | | - Yirong Sim
- Division of Surgery & Surgical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore
| | - Fuh Yong Wong
- Division of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore
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Yang S, Wang Z, Wang C, Li C, Wang B. Comparative Evaluation of Machine Learning Models for Subtyping Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: A Deep Learning-Based Multi-Omics Data Integration Approach. J Cancer 2024; 15:3943-3957. [PMID: 38911381 PMCID: PMC11190774 DOI: 10.7150/jca.93215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) poses significant diagnostic challenges due to its aggressive nature. This research develops an innovative deep learning (DL) model based on the latest multi-omics data to enhance the accuracy of TNBC subtype and prognosis prediction. The study focuses on addressing the constraints of prior studies by showcasing a model with substantial advancements in data integration, statistical performance, and algorithmic optimization. Methods: Breast cancer-related molecular characteristic data, including mRNA, miRNA, gene mutations, DNA methylation, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) images, were retrieved from the TCGA and TCIA databases. This study not only compared single-omics with multi-omics machine learning models but also applied Bayesian optimization to innovatively optimize the neural network structure of a DL model for multi-omics data. Results: The DL model for multi-omics data significantly outperformed single-omics models in subtype prediction, achieving a 98.0% accuracy in cross-validation, 97.0% in the validation set, and 91.0% in an external test set. Additionally, the MRI radiomics model showed promising performance, especially with the training set; however, a decrease in performance during transfer testing underscored the advantages of the DL model for multi-omics data in data consistency and digital processing. Conclusion: Our multi-omics DL model presents notable innovations in statistical performance and transfer learning capability, bearing significant clinical relevance for TNBC classification and prognosis prediction. While the MRI radiomics model proved effective, it requires further optimization for cross-dataset application to enhance accuracy and consistency. Our findings offer new insights into improving TNBC classification and prognosis through multi-omics data and DL algorithms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Binjie Wang
- Department of Imaging, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng 475000, P. R. China
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Harris CG, Azimi F, Chan B, Graham S, Mak C, Warrier S, Eslick GD. Breast conservation versus mastectomy for metaplastic breast cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Asia Pac J Clin Oncol 2024. [PMID: 38808740 DOI: 10.1111/ajco.14089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Metaplastic breast cancer is a rare aggressive subtype of breast cancer for which there are no clear treatment guidelines regarding the optimal surgical approach. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate survival outcomes of patients with metaplastic breast cancer undergoing breast conservation compared with mastectomy. We identified studies from MEDLINE, Pubmed, EMBASE, Google Scholar, the Cochrane Library Register of Controlled Trials and the EBM Reviews Register. Studies were deemed suitable for inclusion where they compared breast-conserving surgery to mastectomy with the primary outcome of overall survival. Survival data were pooled using a random-effects model. From the 456 citations screened by our search, three studies were assessed as eligible for inclusion. There were a total of 2995 patients who underwent mastectomy and 1909 who underwent breast conservation. The median follow-up time was 43 months. Meta-analysis demonstrated no significant difference between breast conservation and mastectomy (pooled HR 0.89, 95% CI, 0.56-1.42, p = 0.631). Wide local excision, in conjunction with adjuvant radiation and judicious use of chemotherapy, may be a reasonable alternative to mastectomy as surgical management of metaplastic breast cancer as part of an individualized, multidisciplinary approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher G Harris
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Breast Surgery, Chris O'Brien Lifehouse, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Surgery, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Farhad Azimi
- Department of Breast Surgery, Chris O'Brien Lifehouse, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Surgery, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Belinda Chan
- Department of Breast Surgery, Chris O'Brien Lifehouse, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Surgery, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Susannah Graham
- Department of Breast Surgery, Chris O'Brien Lifehouse, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Surgery, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Cindy Mak
- Department of Breast Surgery, Chris O'Brien Lifehouse, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Surgery, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Sanjay Warrier
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Breast Surgery, Chris O'Brien Lifehouse, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Surgery, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Guy D Eslick
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Huang P, Zhang X, Prabhu JS, Pandey V. Therapeutic vulnerabilities in triple negative breast cancer: Stem-like traits explored within molecular classification. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 174:116584. [PMID: 38613998 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Triple Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC) is the most aggressive type of breast cancer (BC). Despite advances in the clinical management of TNBC, recurrence-related mortality remains a challenge. The stem-like phenotype of TNBC plays a significant role in the persistence of minimal disease residue after therapy. Individuals exhibiting stem-like characteristics are particularly prone to inducing malignant relapse accompanied by strong resistance. Therefore, stem-like traits have been broadly proposed as therapeutic vulnerabilities to treat TNBC and reduce recurrence. However, heterogeneity within TNBC often generally restricts the stability of the therapeutic efficacy. To understand the heterogeneity and manage TNBC more precisely, multiple TNBC subtyping categories have been reported, providing the basis for profile-according therapeutic regimens. To provide more insight into targeting stem-like traits to ablate TNBC and reduce recurrence in the context of heterogeneity, this paper reviewed the molecular subtyping of TNBC, identified the consensus subtypes with distinct stem-like phenotypes, characterized the stemness hierarchy of TNBC, outlined the biological models for stem-like TNBC subtypes, summarized the therapeutic vulnerabilities in stem-like traits of the subtypes, and proposed potential therapeutic regimens targeting stem-like characteristics to improve TNBC prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Huang
- Tsinghua Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Jyothi S Prabhu
- Division of Molecular Medicine, St. John's Research Institute, St. John's Medical College, Bangalore, India
| | - Vijay Pandey
- Tsinghua Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China; Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China.
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Wood SJ, Gao Y, Lee JH, Chen J, Wang Q, Meisel JL, Li X. High tumor infiltrating lymphocytes are significantly associated with pathological complete response in triple negative breast cancer treated with neoadjuvant KEYNOTE-522 chemoimmunotherapy. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2024; 205:193-199. [PMID: 38286889 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-023-07233-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION For patients with locally advanced triple negative breast cancer (TNBC), the standard of care is to administer the KEYNOTE-522 (K522) regimen, including chemotherapy and immunotherapy (pembrolizumab) given in the neoadjuvant setting. Pathological complete response (pCR) is more likely in patients who receive the K522 regimen than in patients who receive standard chemotherapy. Studies have shown that pCR is a strong predictor of long-term disease-free survival. However, factors predicting pCR to K522 are not well understood and require further study in real-world populations. METHODS We evaluated 76 patients who were treated with the K522 regimen at our institution. Twenty-nine pre-treatment biopsy slides were available for pathology review. Nuclear grade, Nottingham histologic grade, Ki-67, lymphovascular invasion, and tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) were evaluated in these 29 cases. For the cases that did not have available slides for review from pre-treatment biopsies, these variables were retrieved from available pathology reports. In addition, clinical staging, race, and BMI at the time of biopsy were retrieved from all 76 patients' charts. Binary logistic regression models were used to correlate these variables with pCR. RESULTS At the current time, 64 of 76 patients have undergone surgery at our institution following completion of K522 and 31 (48.4%) of these achieved pCR. In univariate analysis, only TIL was significantly associated with pCR (p = 0.014) and this finding was also confirmed in multivariate analysis, whereas other variables including age, race, nuclear grade, Nottingham grade, Ki-67, lymphovascular invasion, BMI, pre-treatment tumor size, and lymph node status were not associated with pCR (p > 0.1). CONCLUSION Our real-world data demonstrates high TIL is significantly associated with pCR rate in the K522 regimen and may potentially serve as a biomarker to select optimal treatment. The pCR rate of 48.4% in our study is lower than that reported in K522, potentially due to the smaller size of our study; however, this may also indicate differences between real-world data and clinical trial results. Larger studies are warranted to further investigate the role of immune cells in TNBC response to K522 and other treatment regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah J Wood
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Yuan Gao
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Ji-Hoon Lee
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- The Parker H. Petit Institute of Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jessica Chen
- Emory College of Arts and Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Qun Wang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jane L Meisel
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
| | - Xiaoxian Li
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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Tomey V, Ashwini Kumar RK, Nikhade P, Akulwar A. Carcinosarcoma of breast - A chimera among breast neoplasms. J Family Med Prim Care 2024; 13:2149-2151. [PMID: 38948622 PMCID: PMC11213368 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_983_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Malignant phyllodes, along with ductal carcinoma, is known as metaplastic cancer of the breast. This tumor is additionally known as breast carcinosarcoma. Malignant phyllodes in conjunction with ductal carcinoma is a rare finding in routine clinical practice. We describe the case report of a 47-year-old female patient who arrived with a large right breast mass. A core biopsy was performed, and histopathological examination indicated that the tumor was a malignant phyllodes tumor. A positron emission tomography (PET) scan revealed hyper-metabolic and hypo-metabolic tumors with perilesional stranding and satellite nodularity. There were a few metastatic right axillary nodes visible. There was no indication of distant metastases. Due to the presence of both components, a modified radical mastectomy surgery with axillary dissection was undertaken for this patient. Histopathological analysis of paraffin sections revealed ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) comedo-epithelial component and spindle-shaped cells with hyper-chromatic oval nuclei and scanty cytoplasm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vandana Tomey
- Department of Surgery, Datta Meghe Medical College and Shalinitai Meghe Hospital and Research Centre, Wanadongri, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Raj Kumar Ashwini Kumar
- Department of Surgery, Datta Meghe Medical College and Shalinitai Meghe Hospital and Research Centre, Wanadongri, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Pravin Nikhade
- Department of Surgery, Datta Meghe Medical College and Shalinitai Meghe Hospital and Research Centre, Wanadongri, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Anil Akulwar
- Department of Surgery, Datta Meghe Medical College and Shalinitai Meghe Hospital and Research Centre, Wanadongri, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
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Püsküllüoğlu M, Swiderska K, Konieczna A, Streb J, Grela-Wojewoda A, Rudzinska A, Dobrzańska J, Pacholczak-Madej R, Mucha-Malecka A, Kunkiel M, Mitus JW, Jarząb M, Ziobro M. Clinical analysis of metaplastic breast carcinoma with distant metastases: A multi‑centre experience. Oncol Lett 2024; 27:198. [PMID: 38516685 PMCID: PMC10955678 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2024.14331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Metaplastic breast cancer (BC-Mp), which includes a range of epithelial and mixed epithelial-mesenchymal tumours, are rare malignancies with an unfavourable prognosis. The limited literature on BC-Mp focuses mainly on retrospective data for radically treated patients. Notably absent are studies dedicated to the palliative treatment of BC-Mp with distant metastases. The present retrospective study investigated treatment modalities and prognosis in a multi-centre cohort of 31 female participants diagnosed with distant metastatic BC-Mp, including 7 patients with de novo metastatic disease. The median age of the patients was 61 years (range, 33-87 years), with 38.7% presenting local lymph node involvement. Lungs were the most common site for the metastatic disease (61.3%). Median Ki-67 index was 50% (range, 35-70%), and 80.7% of cases were classified as grade 3. Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)+ and estrogen receptor+ were detected in 12.9 and 6.5% of cases, respectively. A total of 62.4% of patients received first-line palliative systemic treatment. The 1- and 2-year overall survival (OS) were 38.5 and 19.2%, respectively. Receiving ≥1 line of palliative treatment was significantly associated with improved OS (P<0.001). Factors such as age, Ki-67 index, HER2 or hormonal status, presence of specific epithelial or mesenchymal components, location of metastases or chemotherapy regimen type did not influence OS. The present study provided insights into the clinicopathological profile, systemic treatment experience, prognostic factors and OS data of BC-Mp with distant metastases, emphasizing the imperative for clinical trials in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirosława Püsküllüoğlu
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Krakow Branch, 31-115 Krakow, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Swiderska
- Breast Cancer Unit, Maria Skłodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Gliwice Branch, 44-102 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Konieczna
- Department of Breast Cancer and Reconstructive Surgery, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology in Warsaw, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Joanna Streb
- Department of Oncology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-008 Krakow, Poland
- Department of Oncology, University Hospital, 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Grela-Wojewoda
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Krakow Branch, 31-115 Krakow, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Rudzinska
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Krakow Branch, 31-115 Krakow, Poland
| | | | - Renata Pacholczak-Madej
- Department of Anatomy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-008 Krakow, Poland
- Department of Gynaecological Oncology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Krakow Branch, 31-115 Krakow, Poland
- Department of Chemotherapy, The District Hospital, 34-200 Sucha Beskidzka, Poland
| | - Anna Mucha-Malecka
- Department of Radiotherapy, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Krakow Branch, 31-115 Krakow, Poland
| | - Michał Kunkiel
- Department of Breast Cancer and Reconstructive Surgery, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology in Warsaw, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jerzy W. Mitus
- Department of Anatomy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-008 Krakow, Poland
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Krakow Branch, 31-115 Krakow, Poland
| | - Michał Jarząb
- Breast Cancer Unit, Maria Skłodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Gliwice Branch, 44-102 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Marek Ziobro
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Krakow Branch, 31-115 Krakow, Poland
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Hashmi AA, Mallick BA, Rashid K, Malik UA, Zia S, Zia F, Irfan M. Significance of Estrogen/Progesterone Receptor Expression in Metaplastic Breast Carcinoma. DISEASE MARKERS 2024; 2024:2540356. [PMID: 38601434 PMCID: PMC11006451 DOI: 10.1155/2024/2540356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Introduction Metaplastic breast carcinoma (MBC) is a rare subgroup of breast neoplasms associated with adverse outcomes because of its aggressive nature. Typically, MBCs show triple-negative hormone receptor (HR) status. Determining the HR status of breast cancer is an integral part because it is an important prognostic factor and helps in the treatment course of the disease. This study aimed to determine the HR status of MBC, its significance, and its association with various clinicopathological parameters. Methods This was a retrospective study conducted at the Department of Histopathology, Liaquat National Hospital. A total of 140 biopsy-proven cases of MBC were enrolled in the study. Clinical and pathological data were retrieved from the institutes' archives. Immunohistochemical studies were conducted to determine the estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) status. Results The mean age of MBC in our population was found to be 52.18 ± 12.19 years. The HR positivity rate in our population was found to be 32.9%. A significant association was found between HR status and tumor laterality, tumor size, tumor grade, tumor stage, and recurrence. ER/PR-negative MBCs were most probably associated with higher grade and higher tumor stage and were larger in size (6.62 ± 3.43 cm) than ER/PR-positive MBCs (4.20 ± 1.88 cm). Moreover, ER/PR-positive MBCs showed a higher recurrence rate than ER/PR-negative MBCs (43.5% vs. 25.5%, respectively). No statistically significant relationship was found between HR status and patient age, histological subtype, or survival rate. Conclusion MBC is a rare breast neoplasm. MBC was found to be triple negative in most cases, but a significant percentage were HR (ER/PR) positive. Moreover, we found an association between HR status and various clinicopathological features, indicating that HR status is a significant predictor of MBC prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atif Ali Hashmi
- FRCPath, Department of Histopathology, Liaquat National Hospital and Medical College, Karachi 74800, Pakistan
| | - Bakhtawar Allauddin Mallick
- Zainab Panjwani Memorial Hospital, Karachi 74800, Pakistan
- Emergency Medicine, Al-Rayaz Hospital, Karachi 75850, Pakistan
- Prime Cardiology of Nevada, Las Vegas 89128, USA
| | - Khushbakht Rashid
- Department of Nephrology, Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation, Karachi 74200, Pakistan
| | - Umair Arshad Malik
- Department of Internal Medicine, Aga Khan University, Karachi 74800, Pakistan
| | - Shamail Zia
- Department of Pathology, Jinnah Sindh Medical University, Karachi 75510, Pakistan
| | - Fazail Zia
- Department of Pathology, Jinnah Sindh Medical University, Karachi 75510, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Irfan
- Department of Biostatistics, Liaquat National Hospital and Medical College, Karachi 74800, Pakistan
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Ertaş G, Kandemir O, Azak C. Bilateral metaplastic squamous cell breast cancer. J Cancer Res Ther 2024; 20:1039-1041. [PMID: 39023614 DOI: 10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_1640_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Metaplastic breast cancer is a rare and heterogeneous breast cancer group that encompasses both malign epithelial and mesenchymal tissue components. Squamous cell breast cancer (SCC) is one of the types of metaplastic breast cancer, and diagnosis is established when more than 90% of the malignant cells are of squamous cell origin. Squamous cell metaplastic breast carcinoma is considered an aggressive tumor because of the risk of distant metastases, and there are limited data on treatment patterns. In this study, we report patient characteristics and treatment results of one patient with bilateral metaplastic squamous cell breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gülçin Ertaş
- Department of Radiation Oncology, S. B. U. Dr. Abdurrahman Yurtaslan Ankara Oncology Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Olcay Kandemir
- Department of Pathology, S. B. U. Dr. Abdurrahman Yurtaslan Ankara Oncology Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Can Azak
- Department of Radiation Oncology, S. B. U. Dr. Abdurrahman Yurtaslan Ankara Oncology Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
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He S, Jin Y, Nazaret A, Shi L, Chen X, Rampersaud S, Dhillon BS, Valdez I, Friend LE, Fan JL, Park CY, Mintz RL, Lao YH, Carrera D, Fang KW, Mehdi K, Rohde M, McFaline-Figueroa JL, Blei D, Leong KW, Rudensky AY, Plitas G, Azizi E. Starfysh integrates spatial transcriptomic and histologic data to reveal heterogeneous tumor-immune hubs. Nat Biotechnol 2024:10.1038/s41587-024-02173-8. [PMID: 38514799 DOI: 10.1038/s41587-024-02173-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Spatially resolved gene expression profiling provides insight into tissue organization and cell-cell crosstalk; however, sequencing-based spatial transcriptomics (ST) lacks single-cell resolution. Current ST analysis methods require single-cell RNA sequencing data as a reference for rigorous interpretation of cell states, mostly do not use associated histology images and are not capable of inferring shared neighborhoods across multiple tissues. Here we present Starfysh, a computational toolbox using a deep generative model that incorporates archetypal analysis and any known cell type markers to characterize known or new tissue-specific cell states without a single-cell reference. Starfysh improves the characterization of spatial dynamics in complex tissues using histology images and enables the comparison of niches as spatial hubs across tissues. Integrative analysis of primary estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer, triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and metaplastic breast cancer (MBC) tissues led to the identification of spatial hubs with patient- and disease-specific cell type compositions and revealed metabolic reprogramming shaping immunosuppressive hubs in aggressive MBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyu He
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Irving Institute for Cancer Dynamics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yinuo Jin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Irving Institute for Cancer Dynamics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Achille Nazaret
- Irving Institute for Cancer Dynamics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Computer Science, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lingting Shi
- Irving Institute for Cancer Dynamics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Xueer Chen
- Irving Institute for Cancer Dynamics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sham Rampersaud
- Pharmaceutical Sciences and Pharmacogenomics Graduate Program, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Bahawar S Dhillon
- Immunology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Izabella Valdez
- The Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lauren E Friend
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Irving Institute for Cancer Dynamics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Joy Linyue Fan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Irving Institute for Cancer Dynamics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Cameron Y Park
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Irving Institute for Cancer Dynamics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rachel L Mintz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Yeh-Hsing Lao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, the State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - David Carrera
- Department of Computer Science, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kaylee W Fang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Computer Science, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kaleem Mehdi
- Department of Computer Science, Fordham University, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - José L McFaline-Figueroa
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Irving Institute for Cancer Dynamics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - David Blei
- Department of Computer Science, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Statistics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kam W Leong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alexander Y Rudensky
- Immunology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
- Ludwig Center, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
| | - George Plitas
- Immunology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
- Ludwig Center, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Surgery, Breast Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Elham Azizi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
- Irving Institute for Cancer Dynamics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Computer Science, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
- Data Science Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
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11
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Kani V, Chander V, Sonti S, Manian S, Vasudevan S, Esakki M, Grace Priyadarshini S, Rajendran K. A Rare and Intriguing Case Report of Metaplastic Breast Carcinoma. Cureus 2024; 16:e56619. [PMID: 38646373 PMCID: PMC11031711 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.56619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Metaplastic breast carcinoma (MBC) is a rare and aggressive subtype of breast cancer characterized by the presence of both epithelial and mesenchymal components within the tumor. Its clinical and radiological appearance is comparable to other types of breast cancer, but it grows rapidly. The diagnosis of metaplastic carcinoma is largely based on the epithelial origin of the cells confirmed by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Compared to invasive ductal carcinoma, metaplastic carcinoma has a worse overall survival rate. Any patient with a rapidly growing breast mass should be assessed with suspicion of sarcomatoid or metaplastic malignant neoplasm. We report this case due to its rarity and the complex nature of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vallal Kani
- Department of Pathology, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Vimal Chander
- Department of Pathology, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Sulochana Sonti
- Department of Pathology, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Sridevi Manian
- Department of Pathology, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Sudha Vasudevan
- Department of Pathology, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Muthuvel Esakki
- Department of Pathology, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Sarah Grace Priyadarshini
- Department of Pathology, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Karthika Rajendran
- Department of Pathology, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
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12
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Banerjee S, Mahajan I, Ghose A, Boussios S, Chakraborty S. A rare case of metaplastic breast carcinoma from India: Towards precision oncology. Cancer Rep (Hoboken) 2024; 7:e1997. [PMID: 38421154 PMCID: PMC10903326 DOI: 10.1002/cnr2.1997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metaplastic Breast Cancer (MpBC) is an exceedingly rare entity, accounting for less than 1% of all malignant breast tumours. Predominantly triple-negative, they are notorious for their chemoresistance, high rates of recurrence and decreased disease-free survival (DFS). All this contributes significantly to BC mortality and results in poor prognostic implications. Limited evidence has led to a lacuna of specific treatment guidelines for this entity and hence remains an uncharted territory for clinicians. CASE We report a case of a 46 year old premenopausal female with left-sided metaplastic triple negative T3N2aM0 BC with mesenchymal differentiation (high grade) whom we treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy, primary surgery in the form of extreme oncoplasty and adjuvant radiotherapy by Telecobalt machine. Contrary to the expected aggressive course of the disease and poor prognosis of treatment, the patient is presently in remission without progression for over 2 years of follow up. CONCLUSION Limited experience in management of this pathological entity warrants the need for more research on it, with a special focus on targeted therapy. Discussing possibilities of a tailored approach, rather than a one-size-fits-all approach may aid in paving the path for the future of MpBC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soirindhri Banerjee
- Department of Radiation OncologyInstitute of Post Graduate Medical Education & Research and SSKM HospitalKolkataIndia
| | - Ishika Mahajan
- Department of Haematology and OncologyLincoln County Hospital, United Lincolnshire Hospitals TrustLincolnUK
| | - Aruni Ghose
- Department of Medical OncologyBarts Cancer Centre, St. Bartholomew's Hospital, Barts Health NHS TrustLondonUK
- Department of Medical OncologyMount Vernon Cancer Centre, East and North Hertfordshire NHS TrustLondonUK
- Department of Medical OncologyMedway NHS Foundation TrustKentUK
- United Kingdom and Ireland Global Cancer NetworkLondonUK
- Immuno‐Oncology Clinical NetworkKentUK
| | - Stergios Boussios
- Department of Medical OncologyMedway NHS Foundation TrustKentUK
- Faculty of Life Sciences and MedicineSchool of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College LondonLondonUK
- Kent and Medway Medical SchoolUniversity of KentCanterburyUK
- AELIA OrganisationThessalonikiGreece
| | - Shivam Chakraborty
- Depatment of PathologyInstitute of Post Graduate Medical Education & Research and SSKM HospitalKolkataIndia
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13
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Al-Awadhi A, Alnaqbi S, Albawardi A. Long-Lasting Complete Remission in a Patient With Metastatic Metaplastic Breast Cancer Treated With Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor and Chemotherapy: A Case Report and a Review of the Literature. Cureus 2024; 16:e53419. [PMID: 38314378 PMCID: PMC10834218 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.53419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Metaplastic breast cancer (MpBC) is a rare form of breast cancer known for suboptimal response to chemotherapy, high recurrence rate, poor prognosis, and limited treatment options. Recent studies have reported that MpBC has high expression of programmed death ligand 1 and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, indicating the potential effectiveness of immunotherapy (IO) in MpBC. In addition, several reports have demonstrated the activity of IO in MpBC. In this case report, we present a case of recurrent MpBC that achieved durable, rapid, complete remission with atezolizumab (anti-PD-L1) and nab-paclitaxel with a continued response even after discontinued therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Safia Alnaqbi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tawam Hospital, Al Ain, ARE
| | - Alia Albawardi
- Department of Pathology, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, ARE
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14
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Chang CM, Liang TR, Lam HYP. The Use of Schisandrin B to Combat Triple-Negative Breast Cancers by Inhibiting NLRP3-Induced Interleukin-1β Production. Biomolecules 2024; 14:74. [PMID: 38254674 PMCID: PMC10813220 DOI: 10.3390/biom14010074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most aggressive and fatal breast cancer subtype. Nowadays, chemotherapy remains the standard treatment of TNBC, and immunotherapy has emerged as an important alternative. However, the high rate of TNBC recurrence suggests that new treatment is desperately needed. Schisandrin B (Sch B) has recently revealed its anti-tumor effects in cancers such as cholangiocarcinoma, hepatoma, glioma, and multi-drug-resistant breast cancer. However, there is still a need to investigate using Sch B in TNBC treatment. Interleukin (IL)-1β, an inflammatory cytokine that can be expressed and produced by the cancer cell itself, has been suggested to promote BC proliferation and progression. In the current study, we present evidence that Sch B can significantly suppress the growth, migration, and invasion of TNBC cell lines and patient-derived TNBC cells. Through inhibition of inflammasome activation, Sch B inhibits interleukin (IL)-1β production of TNBC cells, hindering its progression. This was confirmed using an NLRP3 inhibitor, OLT1177, which revealed a similar beneficial effect in combating TNBC progression. Sch B treatment also inhibits IL-1β-induced EMT expression of TNBC cells, which may contribute to the anti-tumor response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Ming Chang
- Department of General Surgery, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 970473, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 970374, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Ruei Liang
- PhD Program in Pharmacology and Toxicology, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 970374, Taiwan
| | - Ho Yin Pekkle Lam
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 970374, Taiwan
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15
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Ismail Y, Zakaria AS, Allam R, Götte M, Ibrahim SA, Hassan H. Compartmental Syndecan-1 (CD138) expression as a novel prognostic marker in triple-negative metaplastic breast cancer. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 253:154994. [PMID: 38071886 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metaplastic breast cancer (MpBC) is rare, aggressive, and mostly triple-negative (TN) subtype of BC. We aimed to investigate the potential prognostic significance of Syndecan-1 (SDC1/CD138) expression in this unique tumor. METHODS Archived charts of 50 TNBC patients [21 MpBC and 29 invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC)] were retrospectively evaluated. Corresponding paraffin blocks were used for immunohistochemical (IHC) staining of SDC1. Compartmental (epithelial membranous, stromal, and cytoplasmic) staining scores were expressed in quartiles (Q) and correlated with disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS). RESULTS The median follow-up period was 54.6 months (range: 2.2-112.7). MpBC patients showed significantly worse DFS and OS than IDC (p = 0.007 and 0.004, respectively). MpBC demonstrated significantly higher Q4 stromal and membranous SDC1 compared to IDC (p = 0.016 and 0.021, respectively), whereas IDC exhibited significantly higher cytoplasmic Q4 SDC1 than MpBC (p = 0.015). Stromal Q4 SDC1 expression was found to be an independent factor associated with MpBC relative to IDC (OR: 6.7, 95% CI: 1.24-36.90; p = 0.028). Stromal Q4 SDC1 expression was also an independent prognostic parameter for worse DFS and OS compared to Q1-3 in the whole cohort (HR: 4.2, 95% CI: 1.6-10.5; p = 0.003 and HR: 5.8; 95% CI: 2.2-15.3; p < 0.001, respectively). In MpBC, cytoplasmic Q1-3 SDC1 expression was an independent prognostic indicator for worse OS compared with their IDC counterparts (HR: 2.837, 95% CI: 1.048-7.682; p = 0.04). CONCLUSION This study suggests, for the first time, that differential expression and localization of SDC1 may contribute to the pathogenesis and prognosis of TN-MpBC. Therefore, targeting SDC1 (CD138) could emerge as a novel therapeutic approach for this devastating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yahia Ismail
- Medical Oncology Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo 11796, Egypt
| | - Al-Shimaa Zakaria
- Pathology Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo 11796, Egypt
| | - Rasha Allam
- Cancer Epidemiology and Biostatistics Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo 11796, Egypt
| | - Martin Götte
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Münster, Münster 48149 Germany
| | | | - Hebatallah Hassan
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt.
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16
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Thomas A, Shatsky R, Kalinsky K. Moving precision forward: extending next generation sequencing to operable disease in less common breast cancer subtypes. Ann Oncol 2024; 35:7-9. [PMID: 37871698 DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2023.10.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A Thomas
- Section on Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem.
| | - R Shatsky
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego. https://twitter.com/dr_rshatsky
| | - K Kalinsky
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, USA. https://twitter.com/kalinskykevin
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17
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Akrida I, Mulita F, Plachouri KM, Benetatos N, Maroulis I, Papadaki H. Epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) in metaplastic breast cancer and phyllodes breast tumors. Med Oncol 2023; 41:20. [PMID: 38104042 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-023-02259-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), a transdifferentiation program whereby epithelial cells acquire mesenchymal phenotype, is essential during embryonic development. EMT has also been implicated in cancer progression by conferring migratory and metastatic potential, as well as cell plasticity and stem cell like traits, to cancer cells. Metaplastic breast carcinoma (MBC) is a rare aggressive type of breast cancer characterized by the presence of heterologous elements, typically by the existence of epithelial and mesenchymal components. Phyllodes tumors (PTs) are uncommon fibroepithelial neoplasms consisting of epithelial and mesenchymal elements. Although various hypotheses have been proposed on the pathogenesis of these biphasic tumors, there is growing evidence supporting the theory that PTs and MBC could both correlate with cancer related EMT. This review summarizes the existing literature on the emerging role of EMT in the pathogenesis of MBC and PTs. Both malignant PTs and MBC are characterized by poor prognosis. Therefore, several anti-EMT targeting strategies such as blocking upstream signaling pathways, targeting the molecular drivers of EMT and targeting mesenchymal cells and the extracellular matrix, could potentially represent a promising therapeutic approach for patients suffering from these aggressive neoplasms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioanna Akrida
- Department of General Surgery, University General Hospital of Patras, Rion, Greece.
- Department of Anatomy-Histology-Embryology, University of Patras Medical School, Rion, Greece.
- Department of Surgery, Department of Anatomy-Histology-Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504, Rion, Greece.
| | - Francesk Mulita
- Department of General Surgery, University General Hospital of Patras, Rion, Greece
| | | | - Nikolaos Benetatos
- Department of General Surgery, University General Hospital of Patras, Rion, Greece
| | - Ioannis Maroulis
- Department of General Surgery, University General Hospital of Patras, Rion, Greece
| | - Helen Papadaki
- Department of Anatomy-Histology-Embryology, University of Patras Medical School, Rion, Greece
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18
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Tan Y, Yang B, Chen Y, Yan X. Outcomes of Metaplastic Breast Cancer Versus Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: A Propensity Score Matching Analysis. World J Surg 2023; 47:3192-3202. [PMID: 37709983 DOI: 10.1007/s00268-023-07106-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aims to compare the survival outcomes of metaplastic breast cancer (MPBC) with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and identify prognostic factors that influence the survival outcomes of MPBC patients and TNBC patients. METHODS Patients with nonmetastatic MPBC or TNBC were reviewed from our database. Patients' clinicopathologic and molecular features were analyzed with respect to outcomes, including disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS). Propensity score matching (PSM) with a one-to-three matching between MPBC patients and TNBC patients was performed. RESULTS A total of 857 female patients (76 MPBC patients and 781 TNBC patients) were included in this study. A subgroup of triple-negative MPBC (n = 60) was matched with TNBC (n = 180) cases based on patient characteristics and treatments. Kaplan-Meier analysis indicated that the MPBC group was associated with worse OS and DFS before (P = 0.0046 both) and after (P = 0.011 and P = 0.0046, respectively) PSM. Multivariable analysis revealed that a higher T stage (T > 2) (P = 0.032) and higher lymph node stage (N3 vs. N0-2, P = 0.012) were associated with worse OS after PSM. For DFS, the MPBC group (P = 0.012), higher T stage (T > 2) (P = 0.032), and higher lymph node stage (N3 vs. N0-2, P = 0.045) were associated with worse DFS. Among the 76 MPBC patients, a higher T stage and mesenchymal differentiation were associated with worse OS (pT1/2 vs. pT3/4 and mesenchymal differentiation vs. other subtypes, P = 0.007 and P = 0.011, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Compared with TNBC, MPBC was associated with worse OS and DFS. Mesenchymal differentiation has a worse DFS than other subtypes of MPBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- YuPing Tan
- Department of Abdominal Oncology, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
- Department of Interventional Oncology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Biao Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - YuHong Chen
- Department of Abdominal Oncology, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Yan
- Cancer Center, Breast Disease Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
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19
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Coutant A, Cockenpot V, Muller L, Degletagne C, Pommier R, Tonon L, Ardin M, Michallet MC, Caux C, Laurent M, Morel AP, Saintigny P, Puisieux A, Ouzounova M, Martinez P. Spatial Transcriptomics Reveal Pitfalls and Opportunities for the Detection of Rare High-Plasticity Breast Cancer Subtypes. J Transl Med 2023; 103:100258. [PMID: 37813278 DOI: 10.1016/j.labinv.2023.100258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most prominent types of cancers, in which therapeutic resistance is a major clinical concern. Specific subtypes, such as claudin-low and metaplastic breast carcinoma (MpBC), have been associated with high nongenetic plasticity, which can facilitate resistance. The similarities and differences between these orthogonal subtypes, identified by molecular and histopathological analyses, respectively, remain insufficiently characterized. Furthermore, adequate methods to identify high-plasticity tumors to better anticipate resistance are lacking. Here, we analyzed 11 triple-negative breast tumors, including 3 claudin-low and 4 MpBC, via high-resolution spatial transcriptomics. We combined pathological annotations and deconvolution approaches to precisely identify tumor spots, on which we performed signature enrichment, differential expression, and copy number analyses. We used The Cancer Genome Atlas and Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia public databases for external validation of expression markers. By focusing our spatial transcriptomic analyses on tumor cells in MpBC samples, we bypassed the negative impact of stromal contamination and identified specific markers that are neither expressed in other breast cancer subtypes nor expressed in stromal cells. Three markers (BMPER, POPDC3, and SH3RF3) were validated in external expression databases encompassing bulk tumor material and stroma-free cell lines. We unveiled that existing bulk expression signatures of high-plasticity breast cancers are relevant in mesenchymal transdifferentiated compartments but can be hindered by abundant stromal cells in tumor samples, negatively impacting their clinical applicability. Spatial transcriptomic analyses constitute powerful tools to identify specific expression markers and could thus enhance diagnosis and clinical care of rare high-plasticity breast cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angèle Coutant
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286 Centre Léon Bérard, Cancer Research Center of Lyon, Lyon, France
| | | | - Lauriane Muller
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286 Centre Léon Bérard, Cancer Research Center of Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Cyril Degletagne
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286 Centre Léon Bérard, Cancer Research Center of Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Roxane Pommier
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286 Centre Léon Bérard, Cancer Research Center of Lyon, Lyon, France; Plateforme de bioinformatique Gilles Thomas, Synergie Lyon Cancer, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Laurie Tonon
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286 Centre Léon Bérard, Cancer Research Center of Lyon, Lyon, France; Plateforme de bioinformatique Gilles Thomas, Synergie Lyon Cancer, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Maude Ardin
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286 Centre Léon Bérard, Cancer Research Center of Lyon, Lyon, France; Plateforme de bioinformatique Gilles Thomas, Synergie Lyon Cancer, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Marie-Cécile Michallet
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286 Centre Léon Bérard, Cancer Research Center of Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Christophe Caux
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286 Centre Léon Bérard, Cancer Research Center of Lyon, Lyon, France
| | | | | | - Pierre Saintigny
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286 Centre Léon Bérard, Cancer Research Center of Lyon, Lyon, France; Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France; Department of Medical Oncology, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Alain Puisieux
- Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France; Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Paris, France; Chemical Biology of Cancer Laboratory, CNRS UMR 3666, INSERM U1143, Paris, France
| | - Maria Ouzounova
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286 Centre Léon Bérard, Cancer Research Center of Lyon, Lyon, France.
| | - Pierre Martinez
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286 Centre Léon Bérard, Cancer Research Center of Lyon, Lyon, France.
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20
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Straub M, Auderset A, de Leval L, Piazzon N, Maison D, Vozenin MC, Ollivier J, Petit B, Sigman DM, Martínez-García A. Nitrogen isotopic composition as a gauge of tumor cell anabolism-to-catabolism ratio. Sci Rep 2023; 13:19796. [PMID: 37957187 PMCID: PMC10643536 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-45597-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies have suggested that cancerous tissue has a lower 15N/14N ratio than benign tissue. However, human data have been inconclusive, possibly due to constraints on experimental design. Here, we used high-sensitivity nitrogen isotope methods to assess the 15N/14N ratio of human breast, lung, and kidney cancer tissue at unprecedented spatial resolution. In lung, breast, and urothelial carcinoma, 15N/14N was negatively correlated with tumor cell density. The magnitude of 15N depletion for a given tumor cell density was consistent across different types of lung cancer, ductal in situ and invasive breast carcinoma, and urothelial carcinoma, suggesting similar elevations in the anabolism-to-catabolism ratio. However, tumor 15N depletion was higher in a more aggressive metaplastic breast carcinoma. These findings may indicate the ability of certain cancers to more effectively channel N towards growth. Our results support 15N/14N analysis as a potential tool for screening biopsies and assessing N metabolism in tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marietta Straub
- Institute of Radiation Physics, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
- Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, 55128, Mainz, Germany.
| | - Alexandra Auderset
- Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, 55128, Mainz, Germany
- School of Ocean and Earth Science, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO14 3ZH, UK
| | - Laurence de Leval
- Institute of Pathology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nathalie Piazzon
- Institute of Pathology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Damien Maison
- Institute of Pathology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Marie-Catherine Vozenin
- Radiation Oncology Laboratory/DO/Radio-Oncology/CHUV, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jonathan Ollivier
- Radiation Oncology Laboratory/DO/Radio-Oncology/CHUV, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Benoît Petit
- Radiation Oncology Laboratory/DO/Radio-Oncology/CHUV, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Daniel M Sigman
- Department of Geosciences, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08544, USA
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21
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Corso G, Marabelli M, Calvello M, Gandini S, Risti M, Feroce I, Mannucci S, Girardi A, De Scalzi AM, Magnoni F, Marino E, Bernard L, Veronesi P, Guerini-Rocco E, Barberis M, Guerrieri-Gonzaga A, Bonanni B. Germline pathogenic variants in metaplastic breast cancer patients and the emerging role of the BRCA1 gene. Eur J Hum Genet 2023; 31:1275-1282. [PMID: 37460658 PMCID: PMC10620155 DOI: 10.1038/s41431-023-01429-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Metaplastic breast cancer (MpBC) is a rare, aggressive breast cancer (BC) histotype. Scarce information is available about MpBC genetic predisposition. Previous studies, mainly consisting of case reports, retrospective reviews and others on target therapies, pointed to a possible involvement of the BRCA1 gene in increasing MpBC risk, without ever confirming it. In this study, we retrospectively reviewed all BC patients counseled at our Institute for genetic testing of at least BRCA1 or BRCA2 (BRCA) genes and we found that 23 (23/5226 = 0.4%) were affected by MpBC. About 65% (15/23) of MpBC patients harbored a germline pathogenic variant (PV): 13 in BRCA1 (86.7%), including two patients who received genetic testing for known familial PV, one in TP53 (6.7%), and one in MLH1 (6.7%). We observed a statistically different frequency of MpBC in patients who carried a PV in the BRCA genes (13/1114 = 1.2%) vs. all other BC patients (10/4112 = 0.2%) (p = 0.0002). BRCA carriers proved to have an increased risk of developing MpBC compared to all other BC patients who were tested for BRCA genes (OR = 4.47; 95% CI: 1.95-10.23). Notably, MpBCs were diagnosed in 2.1% (13/610) of BRCA1 carriers. No MpBCs were observed in BRCA2 carriers (0/498 = 0%), revealing a statistically significant difference between the prevalence of MpBCs in BRCA1 and BRCA2 carriers (p = 0.0015). Our results confirmed that BRCA1 is involved in MpBC predisposition. Further studies on unselected patients are needed to elucidate the authentic role of BRCA1 and to explore the possible implication of other genes in MpBC predisposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Corso
- Division of Breast Surgery, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- European Cancer Prevention Organization (ECP), Milan, Italy
| | - Monica Marabelli
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Genetics, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy.
| | - Mariarosaria Calvello
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Genetics, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Gandini
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Matilde Risti
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Genetics, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Irene Feroce
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Genetics, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Mannucci
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Genetics, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Antonia Girardi
- Division of Breast Surgery, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Francesca Magnoni
- Division of Breast Surgery, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Marino
- Clinic Unit of Oncogenomics, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Loris Bernard
- Clinic Unit of Oncogenomics, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Veronesi
- Division of Breast Surgery, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Guerini-Rocco
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Division of Pathology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Barberis
- Clinic Unit of Oncogenomics, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Aliana Guerrieri-Gonzaga
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Genetics, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Bernardo Bonanni
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Genetics, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
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22
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Torabi H, Rodd M, Shirini K. Presentation and treatment of a rare case of metaplastic breast cancer: A case report. SAGE Open Med Case Rep 2023; 11:2050313X231205715. [PMID: 37860279 PMCID: PMC10583507 DOI: 10.1177/2050313x231205715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast carcinosarcoma, also known as metaplastic breast cancer, is one of the rarest types of breast cancer. It is an aggressive and poor prognostic breast cancer compared to triple-negative breast cancer. Due to the lack of specific and prescribed treatment, it could threaten patients' lives, especially women worldwide. There are various diagnostic methods, such as multiple imaging and pathology methods, to diagnose breast cancers. Still, considering the common appearance characteristic of this type of breast cancer with other types, histopathology is the most definitive way. There is no standard neoadjuvant or adjuvant chemotherapy for this rare type of breast cancer. In this article, we reported the case of a 62-year-old female with a final diagnosis of metaplastic breast carcinoma and her surgical and medical treatment method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Torabi
- Department of General Surgery, Poursina Medical and Educational Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Gilan Province, Iran
| | - Marjan Rodd
- Department of General Surgery, Poursina Medical and Educational Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Gilan Province, Iran
| | - Kasra Shirini
- Department of General Surgery, Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
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23
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Watson J, Wang T, Ho KL, Feng Y, Mahawan T, Dobbin KK, Zhao S. Human basal-like breast cancer is represented by one of the two mammary tumor subtypes in dogs. Breast Cancer Res 2023; 25:114. [PMID: 37789381 PMCID: PMC10546663 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-023-01705-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND About 20% of breast cancers in humans are basal-like, a subtype that is often triple-negative and difficult to treat. An effective translational model for basal-like breast cancer is currently lacking and urgently needed. To determine whether spontaneous mammary tumors in pet dogs could meet this need, we subtyped canine mammary tumors and evaluated the dog-human molecular homology at the subtype level. METHODS We subtyped 236 canine mammary tumors from 3 studies by applying various subtyping strategies on their RNA-seq data. We then performed PAM50 classification with canine tumors alone, as well as with canine tumors combined with human breast tumors. We identified feature genes for human BLBC and luminal A subtypes via machine learning and used these genes to repeat canine-alone and cross-species tumor classifications. We investigated differential gene expression, signature gene set enrichment, expression association, mutational landscape, and other features for dog-human subtype comparison. RESULTS Our independent genome-wide subtyping consistently identified two molecularly distinct subtypes among the canine tumors. One subtype is mostly basal-like and clusters with human BLBC in cross-species PAM50 and feature gene classifications, while the other subtype does not cluster with any human breast cancer subtype. Furthermore, the canine basal-like subtype recaptures key molecular features (e.g., cell cycle gene upregulation, TP53 mutation) and gene expression patterns that characterize human BLBC. It is enriched in histological subtypes that match human breast cancer, unlike the other canine subtype. However, about 33% of canine basal-like tumors are estrogen receptor negative (ER-) and progesterone receptor positive (PR+), which is rare in human breast cancer. Further analysis reveals that these ER-PR+ canine tumors harbor additional basal-like features, including upregulation of genes of interferon-γ response and of the Wnt-pluripotency pathway. Interestingly, we observed an association of PGR expression with gene silencing in all canine tumors and with the expression of T cell exhaustion markers (e.g., PDCD1) in ER-PR+ canine tumors. CONCLUSIONS We identify a canine mammary tumor subtype that molecularly resembles human BLBC overall and thus could serve as a vital translational model of this devastating breast cancer subtype. Our study also sheds light on the dog-human difference in the mammary tumor histology and the hormonal cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Watson
- Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, 120 E Green Street, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Tianfang Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, 120 E Green Street, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Kun-Lin Ho
- Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, 120 E Green Street, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Yuan Feng
- Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, 120 E Green Street, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Tanakamol Mahawan
- Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Kevin K Dobbin
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Shaying Zhao
- Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, 120 E Green Street, Athens, GA, 30602, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, 120 E Green Street, Athens, GA, 30602, USA.
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24
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Rani E, Nibhoria S, Shilpa. Metaplastic breast carcinoma with mesenchymal differentiation: A case series. J Cancer Res Ther 2023; 19:2052-2055. [PMID: 38376317 DOI: 10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_1517_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
ABSTRACT The metaplastic breast carcinoma is a rare malignancy with an incidence of 5% of all breast tumors. Metaplastic carcinoma of the breast with mesenchymal differentiation (MCMD), previously known as carcinosarcoma, is a very rare and aggressive tumor that has been recently classified as a subtype of metaplastic breast carcinoma. It accounts for 0.08%-0.2% of all breast cancers, with only a few cases reported in the literature. Metaplastic breast carcinoma most often affects women over 50 years of age, with an average age between 55 and 60 years. We report three cases of metaplastic breast carcinoma with mesenchymal differentiation presented at our hospital. Patients were in their 4th decade. All patients presented with a fast-growing large mass and were treated surgically (mastectomy), with the final histopathological diagnosis of MCMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekta Rani
- Department of Pathology, GGS Medical College, Faridkot, Punjab, India
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25
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Noureddine LM, Ablain J, Surmieliova-Garnès A, Jacquemetton J, Pham TH, Marangoni E, Schnitzler A, Bieche I, Badran B, Trédan O, Hussein N, Le Romancer M, Poulard C. PRMT5 triggers glucocorticoid-induced cell migration in triple-negative breast cancer. Life Sci Alliance 2023; 6:e202302009. [PMID: 37536978 PMCID: PMC10400884 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202302009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancers (TNBCs) are the most aggressive breast cancers, and therapeutic options mainly rely on chemotherapy and immunotherapy. Although synthetic glucocorticoids (GCs) are given to alleviate the side effects of these treatments, GCs and their receptor, the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), were recently associated with detrimental effects, albeit the mechanisms involved remain elusive. Here, we identified the arginine methyltransferase PRMT5 as a master coregulator of GR, serving as a scaffold protein to recruit phospho-HP1γ and subsequently RNA polymerase II, independently of its methyltransferase activity. Moreover, the GR/PRMT5/HP1γ complex regulated the transcription of GC-target genes involved in cell motility and triggering cell migration of human TNBC cells in vitro and in a zebrafish model. Of note, we observed that GR/PRMT5 interaction was low in primary tumors but significantly increased in residual tumors treated with chemotherapy and GCs in neoadjuvant setting. These data suggest that the routine premedication prescription of GCs for early TNBC patients should be further assessed and that this complex could potentially be modulated to specifically target deleterious GR effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Malik Noureddine
- Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Inserm U1052, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France
- CNRS UMR5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Lebanese University, Faculty of Sciences I, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Molecular Immunology, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Julien Ablain
- Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Inserm U1052, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France
- CNRS UMR5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Ausra Surmieliova-Garnès
- Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Inserm U1052, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France
- CNRS UMR5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Julien Jacquemetton
- Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Inserm U1052, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France
- CNRS UMR5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Thuy Ha Pham
- Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Inserm U1052, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France
- CNRS UMR5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Elisabetta Marangoni
- Institut Curie, Translational Research Department, PSL University, Paris, France
| | | | - Ivan Bieche
- Institut Curie, Department of Genetics, Paris, France
| | - Bassam Badran
- Lebanese University, Faculty of Sciences I, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Molecular Immunology, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Olivier Trédan
- Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Inserm U1052, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France
- CNRS UMR5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Centre Leon Bérard, Oncology Department, Lyon, France
| | - Nader Hussein
- Lebanese University, Faculty of Sciences I, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Molecular Immunology, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Muriel Le Romancer
- Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Inserm U1052, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France
- CNRS UMR5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Coralie Poulard
- Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Inserm U1052, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France
- CNRS UMR5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France
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26
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Adrada BE, Moseley TW, Kapoor MM, Scoggins ME, Patel MM, Perez F, Nia ES, Khazai L, Arribas E, Rauch GM, Guirguis MS. Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: Histopathologic Features, Genomics, and Treatment. Radiographics 2023; 43:e230034. [PMID: 37792593 PMCID: PMC10560981 DOI: 10.1148/rg.230034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a heterogeneous and aggressive group of tumors that are defined by the absence of estrogen and progesterone receptors and lack of ERBB2 (formerly HER2 or HER2/neu) overexpression. TNBC accounts for 8%-13% of breast cancers. In addition, it accounts for a higher proportion of breast cancers in younger women compared with those in older women, and it disproportionately affects non-Hispanic Black women. TNBC has high metastatic potential, and the risk of recurrence is highest during the 5 years after it is diagnosed. TNBC exhibits benign morphologic imaging features more frequently than do other breast cancer subtypes. Mammography can be suboptimal for early detection of TNBC owing to factors that include the fast growth of this cancer, increased mammographic density in young women, and lack of the typical features of malignancy at imaging. US is superior to mammography for TNBC detection, but benign-appearing features can lead to misdiagnosis. Breast MRI is the most sensitive modality for TNBC detection. Most cases of TNBC are treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy, followed by surgery and radiation. MRI is the modality of choice for evaluating the response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Survival rates for individuals with TNBC are lower than those for persons with hormone receptor-positive and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive cancers. The 5-year survival rates for patients with localized, regional, and distant disease at diagnosis are 91.3%, 65.8%, and 12.0%, respectively. The early success of immunotherapy has raised hope regarding the development of personalized strategies to treat TNBC. Imaging and tumor biomarkers are likely to play a crucial role in the prediction of TNBC treatment response and TNBC patient survival in the future. ©RSNA, 2023 Quiz questions for this article are available in the supplemental material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz E. Adrada
- From the Departments of Breast Imaging (B.E.A., T.W.M., M.M.K.,
M.E.S., M.M.P., F.P., E.S.N., E.A., G.M.R., M.S.G.), Breast Surgical Oncology
(T.W.M.), Pathology-Anatomical (L.K.), and Abdominal Imaging (G.M.R.), The
University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Unit 1350,
Houston, TX 77030
| | - Tanya W. Moseley
- From the Departments of Breast Imaging (B.E.A., T.W.M., M.M.K.,
M.E.S., M.M.P., F.P., E.S.N., E.A., G.M.R., M.S.G.), Breast Surgical Oncology
(T.W.M.), Pathology-Anatomical (L.K.), and Abdominal Imaging (G.M.R.), The
University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Unit 1350,
Houston, TX 77030
| | - Megha M. Kapoor
- From the Departments of Breast Imaging (B.E.A., T.W.M., M.M.K.,
M.E.S., M.M.P., F.P., E.S.N., E.A., G.M.R., M.S.G.), Breast Surgical Oncology
(T.W.M.), Pathology-Anatomical (L.K.), and Abdominal Imaging (G.M.R.), The
University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Unit 1350,
Houston, TX 77030
| | - Marion E. Scoggins
- From the Departments of Breast Imaging (B.E.A., T.W.M., M.M.K.,
M.E.S., M.M.P., F.P., E.S.N., E.A., G.M.R., M.S.G.), Breast Surgical Oncology
(T.W.M.), Pathology-Anatomical (L.K.), and Abdominal Imaging (G.M.R.), The
University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Unit 1350,
Houston, TX 77030
| | - Miral M. Patel
- From the Departments of Breast Imaging (B.E.A., T.W.M., M.M.K.,
M.E.S., M.M.P., F.P., E.S.N., E.A., G.M.R., M.S.G.), Breast Surgical Oncology
(T.W.M.), Pathology-Anatomical (L.K.), and Abdominal Imaging (G.M.R.), The
University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Unit 1350,
Houston, TX 77030
| | - Frances Perez
- From the Departments of Breast Imaging (B.E.A., T.W.M., M.M.K.,
M.E.S., M.M.P., F.P., E.S.N., E.A., G.M.R., M.S.G.), Breast Surgical Oncology
(T.W.M.), Pathology-Anatomical (L.K.), and Abdominal Imaging (G.M.R.), The
University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Unit 1350,
Houston, TX 77030
| | - Emily S. Nia
- From the Departments of Breast Imaging (B.E.A., T.W.M., M.M.K.,
M.E.S., M.M.P., F.P., E.S.N., E.A., G.M.R., M.S.G.), Breast Surgical Oncology
(T.W.M.), Pathology-Anatomical (L.K.), and Abdominal Imaging (G.M.R.), The
University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Unit 1350,
Houston, TX 77030
| | - Laila Khazai
- From the Departments of Breast Imaging (B.E.A., T.W.M., M.M.K.,
M.E.S., M.M.P., F.P., E.S.N., E.A., G.M.R., M.S.G.), Breast Surgical Oncology
(T.W.M.), Pathology-Anatomical (L.K.), and Abdominal Imaging (G.M.R.), The
University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Unit 1350,
Houston, TX 77030
| | - Elsa Arribas
- From the Departments of Breast Imaging (B.E.A., T.W.M., M.M.K.,
M.E.S., M.M.P., F.P., E.S.N., E.A., G.M.R., M.S.G.), Breast Surgical Oncology
(T.W.M.), Pathology-Anatomical (L.K.), and Abdominal Imaging (G.M.R.), The
University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Unit 1350,
Houston, TX 77030
| | - Gaiane M. Rauch
- From the Departments of Breast Imaging (B.E.A., T.W.M., M.M.K.,
M.E.S., M.M.P., F.P., E.S.N., E.A., G.M.R., M.S.G.), Breast Surgical Oncology
(T.W.M.), Pathology-Anatomical (L.K.), and Abdominal Imaging (G.M.R.), The
University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Unit 1350,
Houston, TX 77030
| | - Mary S. Guirguis
- From the Departments of Breast Imaging (B.E.A., T.W.M., M.M.K.,
M.E.S., M.M.P., F.P., E.S.N., E.A., G.M.R., M.S.G.), Breast Surgical Oncology
(T.W.M.), Pathology-Anatomical (L.K.), and Abdominal Imaging (G.M.R.), The
University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Unit 1350,
Houston, TX 77030
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27
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Doha ZO, Wang X, Calistri NL, Eng J, Daniel CJ, Ternes L, Kim EN, Pelz C, Munks M, Betts C, Kwon S, Bucher E, Li X, Waugh T, Tatarova Z, Blumberg D, Ko A, Kirchberger N, Pietenpol JA, Sanders ME, Langer EM, Dai MS, Mills G, Chin K, Chang YH, Coussens LM, Gray JW, Heiser LM, Sears RC. MYC Deregulation and PTEN Loss Model Tumor and Stromal Heterogeneity of Aggressive Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5665. [PMID: 37704631 PMCID: PMC10499828 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40841-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients have a poor prognosis and few treatment options. Mouse models of TNBC are important for development of new therapies, however, few mouse models represent the complexity of TNBC. Here, we develop a female TNBC murine model by mimicking two common TNBC mutations with high co-occurrence: amplification of the oncogene MYC and deletion of the tumor suppressor PTEN. This Myc;Ptenfl model develops heterogeneous triple-negative mammary tumors that display histological and molecular features commonly found in human TNBC. Our research involves deep molecular and spatial analyses on Myc;Ptenfl tumors including bulk and single-cell RNA-sequencing, and multiplex tissue-imaging. Through comparison with human TNBC, we demonstrate that this genetic mouse model develops mammary tumors with differential survival and therapeutic responses that closely resemble the inter- and intra-tumoral and microenvironmental heterogeneity of human TNBC, providing a pre-clinical tool for assessing the spectrum of patient TNBC biology and drug response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zinab O Doha
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Department of medical laboratory technology, Taibah University, Al-Madinah al-Munawwarah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Nicholas L Calistri
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Jennifer Eng
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- OHSU Center for Spatial Systems Biomedicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Colin J Daniel
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Luke Ternes
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Eun Na Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Carl Pelz
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Brenden-Colson Center for Pancreatic Care, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Michael Munks
- Brenden-Colson Center for Pancreatic Care, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Courtney Betts
- Department of Cell, Developmental & Cancer Biology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Sunjong Kwon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- OHSU Center for Spatial Systems Biomedicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Elmar Bucher
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- OHSU Center for Spatial Systems Biomedicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Xi Li
- Division of Oncologic Sciences, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Trent Waugh
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Zuzana Tatarova
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- OHSU Center for Spatial Systems Biomedicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Dylan Blumberg
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- OHSU Center for Spatial Systems Biomedicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Aaron Ko
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Nell Kirchberger
- Department of Cell, Developmental & Cancer Biology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Jennifer A Pietenpol
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Melinda E Sanders
- Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Ellen M Langer
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Mu-Shui Dai
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Gordon Mills
- Brenden-Colson Center for Pancreatic Care, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Division of Oncologic Sciences, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Koei Chin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- OHSU Center for Spatial Systems Biomedicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Brenden-Colson Center for Pancreatic Care, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Young Hwan Chang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Lisa M Coussens
- Brenden-Colson Center for Pancreatic Care, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Department of Cell, Developmental & Cancer Biology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Joe W Gray
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- OHSU Center for Spatial Systems Biomedicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Brenden-Colson Center for Pancreatic Care, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Laura M Heiser
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- OHSU Center for Spatial Systems Biomedicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Rosalie C Sears
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.
- Brenden-Colson Center for Pancreatic Care, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.
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Feng Y, McGuire N, Walton A, Fox S, Papa A, Lakhani SR, McCart Reed AE. Predicting breast cancer-specific survival in metaplastic breast cancer patients using machine learning algorithms. J Pathol Inform 2023; 14:100329. [PMID: 37664452 PMCID: PMC10470383 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpi.2023.100329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Metaplastic breast cancer (MpBC) is a rare and aggressive subtype of breast cancer, with data emerging on prognostic factors and survival prediction. This study aimed to develop machine learning models to predict breast cancer-specific survival (BCSS) in MpBC patients, utilizing a dataset of 160 patients with clinical, pathological, and biological variables. An in-depth variable selection process was carried out using gain ratio and correlation-based methods, resulting in 10 variables for model estimation. Five models (decision tree with bagging; logistic regression; multilayer perceptron; naïve Bayes; and, random forest algorithms) were evaluated using 10-fold cross-validation. Despite the constraints posed by the absence of therapeutic information, the random forest model exhibited the highest performance in predicting BCSS, with an ROC area of 0.808. This study emphasizes the potential of machine learning algorithms in predicting prognosis for complex and heterogeneous cancer subtypes using clinical datasets, and their potential to contribute to patient management. Further research that incorporates additional variables, such as treatment response, and more advanced machine learning techniques will likely enhance the predictive power of MpBC prognostic models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufan Feng
- UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4029, Australia
| | - Natasha McGuire
- UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4029, Australia
| | - Alexandra Walton
- UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4029, Australia
- Pathology Queensland, The Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital, Brisbane 4029, Australia
| | | | - Stephen Fox
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre and University of Melbourne, Melbourne 3000, Australia
| | - Antonella Papa
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne 3800, Australia
| | - Sunil R. Lakhani
- UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4029, Australia
- Pathology Queensland, The Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital, Brisbane 4029, Australia
| | - Amy E. McCart Reed
- UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4029, Australia
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Huang C, Tian H, Xu J, Tong F, Fang D. Metaplastic breast carcinoma with osseous differentiation: A report of a rare case and literature review. Open Life Sci 2023; 18:20220640. [PMID: 37528884 PMCID: PMC10389674 DOI: 10.1515/biol-2022-0640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Metaplastic matrix-producing breast carcinoma is a type of metaplastic breast carcinoma (MBC), which is a rare malignancy, accounting for 0.2-1% of breast carcinomas. A 52-year-old female visited a hospital because of a palpable painless mass in the right breast and was diagnosed with Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) category 4A via ultrasound (US) with a suspected positive lymph node at the right axillary region. Excision of the breast mass was performed and histopathologically confirmed that it was MBC with osseous differentiation. No distant metastasis was revealed before a modified radical mastectomy; however, metastasis to a lymph node of the right axillary region was observed (1/22). She received six cycles of TEC scheme chemotherapy (docetaxel, epirubicin, and cyclophosphamide, 21 days) and 5 weeks of radiotherapy (48 Gy/25 f/5 days a week), but without any follow-up examinations since radiotherapy. Twenty-four months after surgery, distant metastases to lungs and liver were confirmed and died 3 months later. This case provides valuable information for clinicians on MBC and suggests that further examination or biopsy should be performed to US BI-RADS 4A masses before surgery. In addition, regular postoperative follow-up plays important roles in detecting metastases early and improving prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Huang
- Department of General Surgery, Chongqing University Fuling Hospital, Chongqing, 408000, P. R. China
- Chongqing Institute of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Chongqing University Fuling Hospital, Chongqing, 408000, P. R. China
| | - Haibo Tian
- Chongqing Institute of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Chongqing University Fuling Hospital, Chongqing, 408000, P. R. China
- Department of Pathology, Chongqing University Fuling Hospital, Chongqing, 408000, P. R. China
| | - Jinming Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Chongqing University Fuling Hospital, Chongqing, 408000, P. R. China
- Chongqing Institute of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Chongqing University Fuling Hospital, Chongqing, 408000, P. R. China
| | - Fuyun Tong
- Chongqing Institute of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Chongqing University Fuling Hospital, Chongqing, 408000, P. R. China
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Chongqing University Fuling Hospital, Chongqing, 408000, P. R. China
| | - Dengyang Fang
- Department of General Surgery, Chongqing University Fuling Hospital, Chongqing, 408000, P. R. China
- Chongqing Institute of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Chongqing University Fuling Hospital, Chongqing, 408000, P. R. China
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Tang J, Zhang D, Pan X. Development and validation of competitive risk model for older women with metaplastic breast cancer. BMC Womens Health 2023; 23:374. [PMID: 37452414 PMCID: PMC10349515 DOI: 10.1186/s12905-023-02513-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metaplastic breast cancer (MpBC) is a rare histological subtype of breast cancer. This study aims to establish a competitive risk model for older women with MpBC to predict patients' survival accurately. METHODS Data on patients diagnosed with MpBC from 2010 to 2019 are from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) program in the United States. All patients were randomly assigned to the training set and validation set. The proportional sub-distribution risk model was used in the training set to analyze the risk factors affecting patient death. Based on the risk factors for cancer-specific mortality (CSM) in patients, we constructed a competitive risk model to predict patients' 1-, 3-, and 5-year cancer-specific survival. Then we used the concordance index (C-index), the calibration curve and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) to validate the discrimination and accuracy of the model. RESULTS One thousand, four hundred twelve older women with MpBC were included in this study. Age, T stage, N stage, M stage, tumor size, surgery and radiotherapy were risk factors for CSM. We established a competitive risk model to predict 1-, 3-, and 5-year cancer-specific survival in older women with MpBC. The C-index of the model was 0.792 in the training set and 0.744 in the validation set. The calibration curves in the training and validation sets showed that the model's predicted values were almost consistent with the actual observed values. The AUC results show that the prediction model has good accuracy. CONCLUSION We developed a competitive risk model based on these risk factors to predict cancer-specific survival in older women with MpBC. The validation results of the model show that it is a very effective and reliable prediction tool. This predictive tool allows doctors and patients to make individualized clinical decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Tang
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Public Health School, Shenyang Medical College, Huanghe North Street 146, Shenyang, 110034 China
| | - Dianlong Zhang
- Women and Children’s Hospital, Qingdao University, 6 Tongfu Road, Shibei District, Qingdao, 266000 China
| | - Xiudan Pan
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Public Health School, Shenyang Medical College, Huanghe North Street 146, Shenyang, 110034 China
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Corso G, Criscitiello C, Nicosia L, Pesapane F, Vicini E, Magnoni F, Sibilio A, Zanzottera C, De Scalzi AM, Mannucci S, Marabelli M, Calvello M, Feroce I, Zagami P, Porta FM, Toesca A, Tarantino P, Nicolò E, Mazzarol G, La Vecchia C, Bonanni B, Leonardi MC, Veronesi P, Fusco N. Metaplastic breast cancer: an all-round multidisciplinary consensus. Eur J Cancer Prev 2023; 32:348-363. [PMID: 37021548 DOI: 10.1097/cej.0000000000000794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
Metaplastic breast cancer (MpBC) is a rare and aggressive histologic subtype of breast cancer (BC) characterized by the presence of at least two cellular types, commonly epithelial and mesenchymal components. Despite growing evidence that MpBC is a unique entity, it has long been treated as a variant of nonspecial type (NST) BC. MpBC typically shows the phenotype of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), but compared to NST-TNBC, it is a relatively chemorefractory tumor associated with worse outcomes. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop management guidelines specifically for MpBC to improve the prognosis of patients with early MpBC. This expert consensus aims to guide diagnosis and standardize clinical management of early MpBC among treating physicians. We provide guidance on the challenging radiological and pathological diagnosis of MpBC. Evidence on the involvement of genetic predisposition in the development of MpBC is also explored. We emphasize the importance of a multidisciplinary approach for the treatment of patients with early MpBC. The optimal surgery and radiotherapy approach is presented, as well as the opportunity offered by novel therapeutic approaches to increase treatment response in this chemoresistant subtype. Appropriate management of patients with MpBC is critical to reduce the high risk of local and distant recurrence that characterizes this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Corso
- Division of Breast Surgery, European Institute of Oncology (IEO), IRCCS
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan
- European Cancer Prevention Organization (ECP)
| | - Carmen Criscitiello
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan
- Division of New Drugs and Early Drug Development for Innovative Therapies, European Institute of Oncology (IEO), IRCCS
| | - Luca Nicosia
- Breast Imaging Division, Radiology Department, European Institute of Oncology (IEO), IRCCS, Milan
| | - Filippo Pesapane
- Breast Imaging Division, Radiology Department, European Institute of Oncology (IEO), IRCCS, Milan
| | - Elisa Vicini
- Division of Breast Surgery, European Institute of Oncology (IEO), IRCCS
| | - Francesca Magnoni
- Division of Breast Surgery, European Institute of Oncology (IEO), IRCCS
| | - Andrea Sibilio
- Division of Breast Surgery Forlì (Ravenna), AUSL Romagna, Ravenna
| | - Cristina Zanzottera
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Genetics, European Institute of Oncology (IEO), IRCCS, Milan
| | | | - Sara Mannucci
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Genetics, European Institute of Oncology (IEO), IRCCS, Milan
| | - Monica Marabelli
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Genetics, European Institute of Oncology (IEO), IRCCS, Milan
| | - Mariarosaria Calvello
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Genetics, European Institute of Oncology (IEO), IRCCS, Milan
- Division of Hematology, Clinica Moncucco, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Irene Feroce
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Genetics, European Institute of Oncology (IEO), IRCCS, Milan
| | - Paola Zagami
- Division of New Drugs and Early Drug Development for Innovative Therapies, European Institute of Oncology (IEO), IRCCS
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences
| | | | - Antonio Toesca
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO - IRCCS, Candiolo (TO), Italy
| | - Paolo Tarantino
- Division of New Drugs and Early Drug Development for Innovative Therapies, European Institute of Oncology (IEO), IRCCS
- Division of Breast Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Eleonora Nicolò
- Division of New Drugs and Early Drug Development for Innovative Therapies, European Institute of Oncology (IEO), IRCCS
| | - Giovanni Mazzarol
- Division of Pathology, European Institute of Oncology (IEO), IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Carlo La Vecchia
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, and
| | - Bernardo Bonanni
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Genetics, European Institute of Oncology (IEO), IRCCS, Milan
| | | | - Paolo Veronesi
- Division of Breast Surgery, European Institute of Oncology (IEO), IRCCS
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan
| | - Nicola Fusco
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Pun C, Turashvili G, Mulligan AM, Slodkowska E. Mammary Spindle Cell Proliferations on Core Needle Biopsy: Is Excision Always Necessary? Am J Surg Pathol 2023; 47:826-834. [PMID: 37260269 DOI: 10.1097/pas.0000000000002057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Mammary spindle cell proliferations (SCPs) encompass a wide range of lesions and can be challenging to accurately diagnose on core needle biopsies (CNBs). Most SCPs are excised for definitive diagnosis. In the era of minimally invasive therapy, some SCP may be followed conservatively. We aim to examine the spectrum of SCP diagnosed on CNB and evaluate if excision of benign/indeterminate SCP is always required. We identified patients with SCP across 3 institutions. The CNB were classified into benign, indeterminate, or malignant. Available excisional specimens were used to classify the lesion as benign or malignant. Clinical variables were reviewed. A total of 197 SCP met the inclusion criteria, including 100 (53%) CNB classified as benign, 52 (26%) indeterminate, and 36 (19%) malignant. Nine patients had excisions without a preceding CNB. Excision was performed in 47% of benign, 87% of indeterminate, and 86% malignant CNB. Of 123 excised SCP, 77 (63%) were benign, while 44 (36%) were malignant. Most benign lesions were not suspicious radiologically (67%), while indeterminate and malignant lesions were more likely to be suspicious (44% and 75%, respectively; P <0.001). Malignant lesions tended to present as larger, rapidly growing, masses. Most mammary SCP are benign (63% of excisions). Appropriate ancillary tests can safely exclude some malignant entities. We encourage narrowing down the differential diagnosis to pertinent entities based on clinical presentation, imaging, histology, immunohistochemistry, and molecular studies, if applicable. Patients with mammary SCP may be spared surgery provided accurate pathologic diagnosis and appropriate correlation with imaging and clinical data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cherry Pun
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto
| | - Gulisa Turashvili
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital
| | - Anna Marie Mulligan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto
- Laboratory Medicine Program, University Health Network
| | - Elzbieta Slodkowska
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Khoury T. Metaplastic Breast Carcinoma Revisited; Subtypes Determine Outcomes: Comprehensive Pathologic, Clinical, and Molecular Review. Clin Lab Med 2023; 43:221-243. [PMID: 37169444 DOI: 10.1016/j.cll.2023.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Metaplastic breast carcinoma (MpBC) is a heterogeneous group of tumors that clinically could be divided into low risk and high risk. It is important to recognize the different types of MpBC, as the high-risk subtypes have worse clinical outcomes than triple-negative breast cancer. It is important for the pathologist to be aware of the MpBC entities and use the proposed algorithms (morphology and immunohistochemistry) to assist in rendering the final diagnosis. Few pitfalls are discussed, including misinterpretation of immunohistochemistry and certain histomorphologies, particularly spindle lesions associated with complex sclerosing lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thaer Khoury
- Pathology Department, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm & Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA.
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Ullah A, Khan J, Yasinzai AQK, Tracy K, Nguyen T, Tareen B, Garcia AA, Heneidi S, Segura SE. Metaplastic Breast Carcinoma in U.S. Population: Racial Disparities, Survival Benefit of Adjuvant Chemoradiation and Future Personalized Treatment with Genomic Landscape. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15112954. [PMID: 37296916 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15112954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE In this population-based study, we aim to identify factors that are influential on the survival outcome in MBC and investigate novel molecular approaches in personalized disease management. METHODS The data of this study were collected from the SEER database from 2000-2018. A total of 5315 cases were extracted from the database. The data were evaluated for demographics, tumor characteristics, metastasis, and treatment. Survival analysis was completed by using SAS software for multivariate analysis, univariate analysis, and non-parametric survival analysis. The molecular data with the most common mutations in MBC were extracted from the Catalogue of Somatic Mutations in Cancer (COSMIC) database. RESULTS The mean age at the time of presentation was 63.1 with a standard deviation (SD) of 14.2 years. Most patients were White (77.3%) with 15.7% Black patients, 6.1% Asian or Pacific Islander, and 0.5% American Indian. Histologically, most of the reported tumors were grade III (74.4%); 37% of the cases were triple negative (ER-, PR- and HER2-), whereas the hormone status was unknown in 46% of the cases. Spread was localized in 67.3% of patients while 26.3% had regional spread and 6.3% had distant metastases. Most tumors were unilateral (99.9%) and between 20-50 mm in size (50.6%). The lungs were the most common site for distant metastasis at diagnosis (3.42%) followed by bone (1.94%), liver (0.98%), and brain (0.56%). A combination of surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy was the most common treatment with a cause-specific survival rate of 78.1% (95% CI = 75.4-80.4). The overall survival rate at 5 years was 63.6% (95% confidence interval (CI) = 62.0-65.1) with a cause-specific survival of 71.1% (95% CI = 69.5-72.6). Cause-specific survival was found to be 63.2% (95% CI = 58.9-67.1) in Black patients as compared to 72.4% (95% CI = 70.1-74.1) in White patients. Black patients also presented with higher rates of grade III disease, distant metastasis, and larger tumor size. On multivariate analysis, age > 60, grade III+, metastasis, and tumor size > 50 mm were associated with worse survival. The most common mutations in MBC identified in COSMIC data were TP53, PIK3CA, LRP1B, PTEN, and KMT2C. CONCLUSION Though rare, MBC is aggressive, with poor prognosis associated with high-grade tumors, metastasis, tumor size over 50 mm, and advanced age at the time of presentation. Overall, Black women had worse clinical outcomes. MBC is difficult to treat and carries a poor prognosis that affects various races disproportionately. Continued enhancement of treatment strategies to foster more individualized care as well as continued enrollment in clinical trials are needed to improve outcomes among patients with MBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asad Ullah
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Microbiology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Jaffar Khan
- Department of Pathology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | | | - Katharine Tracy
- Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Tena Nguyen
- Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Bisma Tareen
- Department of Medicine, Bolan Medical College, Quetta 83700, Pakistan
| | | | - Saleh Heneidi
- Department of Pathology, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Sheila E Segura
- Department of Pathology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
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Hu J, Lang R, Zhao W, Jia Y, Tong Z, Shi Y. The mixed subtype has a worse prognosis than other histological subtypes: a retrospective analysis of 217 patients with metaplastic breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2023; 200:23-36. [PMID: 37160814 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-023-06945-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Metaplastic breast cancer (MpBC) is an aggressive subtype of all breast cancer. We aimed to investigate the clinicopathological features, treatments and prognoses of MpBC patients. METHODS We collected the data from MpBC patients diagnosed at Tianjin Medical University Cancer Hospital from 2010 to 2017. Kaplan Meier curves and Cox regression model were used to evaluating clinical outcomes and prognostic factors. After removing baseline differences by propensity score matching (PSM), we analyzed the prognosis between MpBC patients and invasive ductal carcinomas of no special type (IDC-NST) patients. RESULTS A total of 217 MpBC patients were subsumed. Of all histological subtypes, 45.1% were mixed subtypes, followed by with mesenchymal differentiation (27.2%), pure squamous (15.2%) and pure spindle (12.4%) subtypes. 69.6% of MpBC were triple-negative, 25.3% and 6.5% were HR-positive and HER2-positive. MpBC patients had worse survival compared to IDC-NST patients, with 5-year RFS of 73.8 and 83.6% (HR = 1.177 95%CI (1.171-2.676) P = 0.0068), and 5-year BCSS of 79.0% and 89.7% (HR = 2.187 95%CI (1.357-3.523) P = 0.0013). In the multivariate COX model, AJCC stage, mixed subtype and chemotherapy were independent prognostic factors. Mixed MpBC is more aggressive than pure and with heterologous mesenchymal differentiation subtypes. And whether squamous or spindle MpBC, mixed forms have shorter outcomes than pure forms. CONCLUSIONS MpBCs are associated with poorer prognoses than IDC-NSTs. They are heterogeneous with different clinicopathological features and clinical outcomes between histological subtypes. Pure and with heterologous mesenchymal differentiation subtypes have more survival benefits than the mixed subtype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayue Hu
- Department of Breast Oncology, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Ronggang Lang
- Department of Breast Pathology and Lab, Department of Breast Oncology, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Weipeng Zhao
- Department of Breast Oncology, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Yongsheng Jia
- Department of Breast Oncology, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Zhongsheng Tong
- Department of Breast Oncology, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Yehui Shi
- Department of Breast Oncology, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, 300060, China.
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Gul A, Alberty-Oller JJ, Sandhu J, Ayala-Bustamante E, Adams S. A Case of Pathologic Complete Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy and Pembrolizumab in Metaplastic Breast Cancer. JCO Precis Oncol 2023; 7:e2200506. [PMID: 37196220 DOI: 10.1200/po.22.00506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Anita Gul
- New York Medical College, Metropolitan Hospital, New York, NY
| | | | - Jagbir Sandhu
- New York Medical College, Metropolitan Hospital, New York, NY
| | | | - Sylvia Adams
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY
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37
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Azari M, Bahreini F, Uversky VN, Rezaei N. Current therapeutic approaches and promising perspectives of using bioengineered peptides in fighting chemoresistance in triple-negative breast cancer. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 210:115459. [PMID: 36813121 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is a collation of malignancies that manifest in the mammary glands at the early stages. Among breast cancer subtypes, triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) shows the most aggressive behavior, with apparent stemness features. Owing to the lack of response to hormone therapy and specific targeted therapies, chemotherapy remains the first line of the TNBC treatment. However, the acquisition of resistance to chemotherapeutic agents increase therapy failure, and promotes cancer recurrence and distant metastasis. Invasive primary tumors are the birthplace of cancer burden, though metastasis is a key attribute of TNBC-associated morbidity and mortality. Targeting the chemoresistant metastases-initiating cells via specific therapeutic agents with affinity to the upregulated molecular targets is a promising step in the TNBC clinical management. Exploring the capacity of peptides as biocompatible entities with the specificity of action, low immunogenicity, and robust efficacy provides a principle for designing peptide-based drugs capable of increasing the efficacy of current chemotherapy agents for selective targeting of the drug-tolerant TNBC cells. Here, we first focus on the resistance mechanisms that TNBC cells acquire to evade the effect of chemotherapeutic agents. Next, the novel therapeutic approaches employing tumor-targeting peptides to exploit the mechanisms of drug resistance in chemorefractory TNBC are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mandana Azari
- School of Chemical Engineering-Biotechnology, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Iran; Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Farbod Bahreini
- Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vladimir N Uversky
- Department of Molecular Medicine and USF Health Byrd Alzheimer's Research Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, USA
| | - Nima Rezaei
- Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran; Research Center for Immunodeficiencies (RCID), Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Dong S, Fang Y, Syed S. A rare case of advanced metaplastic breast carcinoma with response to treatment with Sacituzumab govitecan. CURRENT PROBLEMS IN CANCER: CASE REPORTS 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cpccr.2023.100239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
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Li D, Ma S, Xu D, Meng X, Lei N, Liu C, Zhao Y, Qi Y, Cheng Z, Wang F. Peptide-functionalized therapeutic nanoplatform for treatment orthotopic triple negative breast cancer and bone metastasis. NANOMEDICINE : NANOTECHNOLOGY, BIOLOGY, AND MEDICINE 2023; 50:102669. [PMID: 36933756 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2023.102669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) is a promising therapeutic target for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Recently, specific EGFR-targeting peptide GE11-based delivery nano-system shows excellent potential because of its chemical versatility and good targeting ability. However, no further research focusing on the downstream of EGFR after binding with GE11 was explored. Hence, we tailor-designed a self-assembled nanoplatform named GENP using amphiphilic molecule of stearic acid-modified GE11. After loading doxorubicin (DOX), the resulted nanoplatform GENP@DOX demonstrated high loading efficiency and sustainable drug release. Importantly, our findings proved that GENP alone significantly suppressed the proliferation of MDA-MB-231 cells via EGFR-downstream PI3K/AKT signaling pathways, contributing to the synergistic treatment with its DOX release. Further work illustrated remarkable therapeutic efficacy both in orthotopic TNBC and its bone metastasis models with minimal biotoxicity. Together, the results highlight that our GENP-functionalized nanoplatform is a promising strategy for the synergistic therapeutic efficacy targeting EGFR-overexpressed cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daifeng Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Medical Research Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Shengnan Ma
- Department of Orthopedics, Medical Research Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Denghui Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Medical Research Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Xiaocao Meng
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Ningjing Lei
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Chen Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Ying Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety & Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yingqiu Qi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Zhen Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Molecular Imaging Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; Drug Discovery Shandong Laboratory, Bohai Rim Advanced Research Institute for Drug Discovery, Yantai 264117, China.
| | - Fazhan Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Medical Research Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China.
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Watson J, Wang T, Ho KL, Feng Y, Dobbin KK, Zhao S. Human basal-like breast cancer is represented by one of the two mammary tumor subtypes in dogs. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.03.02.530622. [PMID: 37034591 PMCID: PMC10081165 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.02.530622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Background About 20% of breast cancers in humans are basal-like, a subtype that is often triple negative and difficult to treat. An effective translational model for basal-like breast cancer (BLBC) is currently lacking and urgently needed. To determine if spontaneous mammary tumors in pet dogs could meet this need, we subtyped canine mammary tumors and evaluated the dog-human molecular homology at the subtype level. Methods We subtyped 236 canine mammary tumors from 3 studies by applying various subtyping strategies on their RNA-seq data. We then performed PAM50 classification with canine tumors alone, as well as with canine tumors combined with human breast tumors. We investigated differential gene expression, signature gene set enrichment, expression association, mutational landscape, and other features for dog-human subtype comparison. Results Our independent genome-wide subtyping consistently identified two molecularly distinct subtypes among the canine tumors. One subtype is mostly basal-like and clusters with human BLBC in cross-species PAM50 classification, while the other subtype does not cluster with any human breast cancer subtype. Furthermore, the canine basal-like subtype recaptures key molecular features (e.g., cell cycle gene upregulation, TP53 mutation) and gene expression patterns that characterize human BLBC. It is enriched histological subtypes that match human breast cancer, unlike the other canine subtype. However, about 33% of canine basal-like tumors are estrogen receptor negative (ER-) and progesterone receptor positive (PR+), which is rare in human breast cancer. Further analysis reveals that these ER-PR+ canine tumors harbor additional basal-like features, including upregulation of genes of interferon-γ response and of the Wnt-pluripotency pathway. Interestingly, we observed an association of PGR expression with gene silencing in all canine tumors, and with the expression of T cell exhaustion markers (e.g., PDCD1 ) in ER-PR+ canine tumors. Conclusions We identify a canine mammary tumor subtype that molecularly resembles human BLBC overall, and thus could serve as a vital spontaneous animal model of this devastating breast cancer subtype. Our study also sheds light on the dog-human difference in the mammary tumor histology and the hormonal cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Watson
- Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Tianfang Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Kun-Lin Ho
- Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Yuan Feng
- Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Kevin K Dobbin
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Shaying Zhao
- Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
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Tower A, Hughes J, Moore L, Srivastava K. Mixed metaplastic carcinoma of the breast: a case report. J Surg Case Rep 2023; 2023:rjad144. [PMID: 36926632 PMCID: PMC10014167 DOI: 10.1093/jscr/rjad144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
A 68 year-old woman with no significant medical history discovered a lump incidentally in her left breast. The patient's initial imaging revealed a 4.6-cm irregular mass at 11:00 categorized as a BI-RADS 5 as well as an enlarged axillary lymph node and an area of 2.5 cm of heterogeneous calcifications in the 3 o'clock position. The 4.6-cm lesion was revealed to be infiltrating ductal carcinoma with a squamous component, mixed metaplastic carcinoma, which was strongly ER (100+)/PR (100+) positive, HER-2/Neu negative on FISH. The 2.5-cm calcifications were ductal carcinoma in situ. The patient completed neoadjuvant chemotherapy, and had an excellent response. After further discussion, the patient elected for breast conservation therapy and underwent a left wireless localized partial mastectomy with a left axillary dissection. Surgical pathology revealed a near complete pathologic response with only 8-mm residual tumour as well as a negative conversion of the clipped axillary node.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amelia Tower
- Texas Health Breast Specialists, Texas Health Harris Methodist Hospital, Fort Worth, TX 76104, USA
| | - Jonathan Hughes
- Texas Health Harris Methodist Hospital, Fort Worth, TX 76104, USA
| | - Lauren Moore
- Anne Burnett Marion School of Medicine at Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, TX 76129, USA
| | - Kumaraman Srivastava
- Anne Burnett Marion School of Medicine at Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, TX 76129, USA
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Wen Z, Wang S, Yang DM, Xie Y, Chen M, Bishop J, Xiao G. Deep learning in digital pathology for personalized treatment plans of cancer patients. Semin Diagn Pathol 2023; 40:109-119. [PMID: 36890029 DOI: 10.1053/j.semdp.2023.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2023]
Abstract
Over the past decade, many new cancer treatments have been developed and made available to patients. However, in most cases, these treatments only benefit a specific subgroup of patients, making the selection of treatment for a specific patient an essential but challenging task for oncologists. Although some biomarkers were found to associate with treatment response, manual assessment is time-consuming and subjective. With the rapid developments and expanded implementation of artificial intelligence (AI) in digital pathology, many biomarkers can be quantified automatically from histopathology images. This approach allows for a more efficient and objective assessment of biomarkers, aiding oncologists in formulating personalized treatment plans for cancer patients. This review presents an overview and summary of the recent studies on biomarker quantification and treatment response prediction using hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) stained pathology images. These studies have shown that an AI-based digital pathology approach can be practical and will become increasingly important in improving the selection of cancer treatments for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuoyu Wen
- Quantitative Biomedical Research Center, Department of Population and Data Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Shidan Wang
- Quantitative Biomedical Research Center, Department of Population and Data Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Donghan M Yang
- Quantitative Biomedical Research Center, Department of Population and Data Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Yang Xie
- Quantitative Biomedical Research Center, Department of Population and Data Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Mingyi Chen
- Department of Bioinformatics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Justin Bishop
- Department of Bioinformatics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Guanghua Xiao
- Quantitative Biomedical Research Center, Department of Population and Data Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
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Wu J, Jin Y, Liu M, Zhu N, Jing Z, Zeng X. Recurrent Metaplastic Breast Cancer with Subtype Converted from Triple-Negative to HER2-Positive: A Case Report and Literature Review. BREAST CANCER (DOVE MEDICAL PRESS) 2023; 15:39-45. [PMID: 36698553 PMCID: PMC9869906 DOI: 10.2147/bctt.s395944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Background Metaplastic breast cancer (MBC) is an extremely rare malignant breast disease that has rarely been reported. The molecular subtype of MBC is mostly triple-negative, with a high recurrence rate and a worse prognosis. Due to its low HR- and HER2-positive rate, reports on endocrine and targeted therapy are very limited. Case report We report a case of infrequent triple-negative MBC, which, although at an early stage, quickly developed multiple recurrent lesions in the chest wall. The tumor relapsed repeatedly after comprehensive treatment, including surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy. However, pathological results after the third surgery suggested that the molecular subtype had changed from triple-negative to HER2-positive. The previous comprehensive treatment had not been able to effectively control the disease, but the patient achieved a long progression-free survival time through chemotherapy and trastuzumab targeted therapy after the subtype change. To date, there has been no recurrence for over eight years. Conclusion Among repeatedly relapsed MBC patients, further investigation should be taken into consideration. As in the case presented in our study, it is possible that the HER2 status can convert from negative to overexpression. Moreover, for HER2-positive MBC patients, anti-HER2 therapy is recommended. The decision-making process requires multidisciplinary involvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wu
- Department of Breast Center, Chongqing Key Laboratory for Intelligent Oncology in Breast Cancer (iCQBC), Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, 400030, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yudi Jin
- Department of Pathology, Chongqing Key Laboratory for Intelligent Oncology in Breast Cancer (iCQBC), Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, 400030, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mei Liu
- Department of Breast Center, Chongqing Key Laboratory for Intelligent Oncology in Breast Cancer (iCQBC), Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, 400030, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ningsheng Zhu
- Department of Breast Center, Chongqing Key Laboratory for Intelligent Oncology in Breast Cancer (iCQBC), Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, 400030, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhouhong Jing
- Department of Breast Center, Chongqing Key Laboratory for Intelligent Oncology in Breast Cancer (iCQBC), Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, 400030, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaohua Zeng
- Department of Breast Center, Chongqing Key Laboratory for Intelligent Oncology in Breast Cancer (iCQBC), Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, 400030, People’s Republic of China,Correspondence: Xiaohua Zeng, Department of Breast Center, Chongqing Key Laboratory for Intelligent Oncology in Breast Cancer (iCQBC), Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, 400030, People’s Republic of China, Email
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Dabbs DJ, Huang RS, Ross JS. Novel markers in breast pathology. Histopathology 2023; 82:119-139. [PMID: 36468266 DOI: 10.1111/his.14770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Breast pathology is an ever-expanding database of information which includes markers, or biomarkers, that detect or help treat the disease as prognostic or predictive information. This review focuses on these aspects of biomarkers which are grounded in immunohistochemistry, liquid biopsies and next-generation sequencing.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Dabbs
- PreludeDx, Laguna Hills, CA, USA.,Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Board Member, CASI (Consortium for Analytical Standardization in Immunohistochemistry), Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Richard S Huang
- Clinical Development, Foundation Medicine, Cambridge, MA, USA
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Zheng C, Fu C, Wen Y, Liu J, Lin S, Han H, Han Z, Xu C. Clinical characteristics and overall survival prognostic nomogram for metaplastic breast cancer. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1030124. [PMID: 36937402 PMCID: PMC10018193 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1030124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Metaplastic breast cancer (MBC) is a rare breast tumor and the prognostic factors for survival in patients still remain controversial. This study aims to develop and validate a nomogram to predict the overall survival (OS) of patients with MBC. Methods We searched the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database for data about patients including metaplastic breast cancer and infiltrating ductal carcinoma (IDC) from 2010 to 2018. The survival outcomes of patients between MBC and IDC were analyzed and compared with the Kaplan-Meier (KM) method. MBC patients were randomly allocated to the training set and validation I set by a ratio of eight to two. Meanwhile, the performance of this model was validated again by the validation II set, which consisted of MBC patients from the Union Hospital of Fujian Medical University between 2010 and 2018. The independent prognostic factors were selected by univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses. The nomogram was constructed to predict individual survival outcomes for MBC patients. The discriminative power, calibration, and clinical effectiveness of the nomogram were evaluated by the concordance index (C-index), the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, and the decision curve analysis (DCA). Results MBC had a significantly higher T stage (T2 and above accounting for 75.1% vs 39.9%), fewer infiltrated lymph nodes (N0 accounted for 76.2% vs 67.7%), a lower proportion of ER (22.2% vs 81.2%), PR (13.6% vs 71.4%), and HER-2(6.7% vs 17.7%) positive, radiotherapy(51.6% vs 58.0%) but more chemotherapy(67.5% vs 44.7%), and a higher rate of mastectomy(53.2% vs 36.8%), which was discovered when comparing the clinical baseline data between MBC and IDC. Age at diagnosis, T, N, and M stage, as well as surgery and radiation treatment, were all significant independent prognostic factors for overall survival (OS). In the validation I cohort, the nomogram's C-index (0.769 95% CI 0.710 -0.828) was indicated to be considerably higher than the standard AJCC model's (0.700 95% CI 0.644 -0.756). Nomogram's great predictive capability capacity further was supported by the comparatively high C-index of the validation II sets (0.728 95%CI 0.588-0.869). Conclusions Metaplastic breast cancer is more aggressive, with a worse clinical prognosis than IDC. This nomogram is recommended for patients with MBC, both American and Chinese, which can help clinicians make more accurate individualized survival analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caihong Zheng
- The Graduate School of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Department of General Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Chengbin Fu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Department of General Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Breast Cancer Institute, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Yahui Wen
- The Graduate School of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Department of General Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Jiameng Liu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Women and Children’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Shunguo Lin
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Department of General Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Breast Cancer Institute, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Hui Han
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Department of General Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Breast Cancer Institute, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Zhonghua Han
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Department of General Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Breast Cancer Institute, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- *Correspondence: Zhonghua Han, ; Chunsen Xu,
| | - Chunsen Xu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Department of General Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Breast Cancer Institute, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- *Correspondence: Zhonghua Han, ; Chunsen Xu,
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Ladwa A, Elghawy O, Schroen A, Abernathy K, Schlefman J, Dillon P. Complete Response of Triple-Negative Metaplastic Carcinoma of the Breast Using Pembrolizumab. Case Rep Oncol 2023; 16:1129-1135. [PMID: 37900847 PMCID: PMC10601781 DOI: 10.1159/000534146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Metaplastic breast cancer (MpBC) is a rare form of breast malignancy with a poor prognosis and limited treatment guidance. Here, we report on a case of triple-negative MpBC that was successfully treated following the Keynote-522 clinical algorithm using pembrolizumab, paclitaxel, carboplatin, adriamycin, and cyclophosphamide in a neo-adjuvant fashion. The radiographic and histologic findings of the tumor are reviewed here along with the treatment regimen and response. No major toxicities associated with pembrolizumab were observed in this case. This case report serves as an example of complete pathological response of triple-negative MpBC with pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy and demonstrates the need for further research on chemoimmunotherapy for MpBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amrita Ladwa
- Department of Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Omar Elghawy
- Department of General Internal Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Anneke Schroen
- Department of Medicine, University of Virginia Cancer Center, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Kristan Abernathy
- Department of Pathology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Jenna Schlefman
- Department of Medicine, University of Virginia Cancer Center, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Patrick Dillon
- Department of Medicine, University of Virginia Cancer Center, Charlottesville, VA, USA
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Correlation of TROP-2 expression with clinical-pathological characteristics and outcome in triple-negative breast cancer. Sci Rep 2022; 12:22498. [PMID: 36577919 PMCID: PMC9797547 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-27093-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Limited data exist regarding the associations between TROP-2 protein expression, clinical-pathological characteristics, and outcome in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). TROP-2 expression was determined for patients diagnosed with TNBC between 2000 and 2017 by immunohistochemistry (IHC) (ab227689, Abcam) on whole slide tumor sections, and assessed as continuous and categorical variables (H-score high, 201-300, medium 100-200 and low < 100). We investigated the prognostic value of TROP-2 expression for relapse and survival, associations between TROP-2 expression and baseline patient and tumor characteristics, stromal tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (sTILs), androgen receptor (AR), standardized mitotic index (SMI) and pathological complete response (pCR, in patients with neoadjuvant chemotherapy) were assessed. We included 685 patients with a median age at diagnosis of 54 years (range 22-90 years). After median follow-up of 9.6 years, 17.5% of patients experienced distant relapse. TROP-2 expression was high, medium and low in 97 (16.5%), 149 (25.3%) and 343 (58.2%) of patients, respectively. The presence of LVI, associated DCIS, nodal involvement, apocrine histology and AR expression were correlated with higher TROP-2 levels. There were no associations between TROP-2 expression and sTILs, time-to-event outcomes, or pCR rate after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. TROP-2 expression is not associated with sTILs level and has no prognostic value in our cohort of stage 1-3 TNBC. However, an association with histotype and AR expression was found, suggesting a histotype specific TROP-2 expression pattern with highest expression in apocrine subtype, warranting further research.
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Özkurt E, Emiroğlu S, Cabioğlu N, Karanlık H, Önder S, Tükenmez M, İğci A, Özmen V, Müslümanoğlu M. Metaplastic Breast Cancer: Mesenchymal Subtype Has Worse Survival Outcomes. Breast Care (Basel) 2022; 17:554-560. [PMID: 36590148 PMCID: PMC9801396 DOI: 10.1159/000525324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Metaplastic breast carcinoma (MBC) is a rare type of breast cancer that accounts for 0.2-1% of all breast cancers. To date, there are only few institutional studies comparing survival rates between different subtypes. In this retrospective cohort study, we aim to evaluate factors effecting survival rates of different subtypes of MBC. Methods This retrospective cohort study observed 118 nonmetastatic MBC patient records extracted from 15,244 breast cancer cases between December 2000 and December 2020. In order to analyze factors effecting survival rates of mesenchymal subtype of MBC, all cases are classified as mesenchymal (n = 45) and other (n = 48). Twenty-five cases could not be sub-classified due to the missing data. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to define factors associated with survival rates. Results Of the 15,244 cases, 118 (0.8%) were nonmetastatic MBC. 105 were triple negative and 12 were nonluminal HER2. There was no significant difference between mesenchymal and other subgroups for age, median tumor size, AJCC staging, and type of surgery. Of the five local recurrences with known subgroup, four of them had mesenchymal subtype. It is demonstrated that mesenchymal subtype was significantly associated with worse 5-year disease-free survival and disease-specific survival (HR: 2.35 [1.01-5.48], p = 0.049, and HR: 3.16 [1.06-9.47], p = 0.040 with 95% CI, respectively). Conclusion This study is one of the few studies presenting the survival outcomes of subtypes of MBCs. Nonetheless, it is the only study demonstrating that mesenchymal subtype had worse survival outcomes. Further studies are needed to determine the outcome of different subtypes of MBCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enver Özkurt
- Department of General Surgery, Başarı Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Selman Emiroğlu
- Department of General Surgery, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Neslihan Cabioğlu
- Department of General Surgery, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hasan Karanlık
- Department of General Surgery, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Semen Önder
- Department of Pathology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Tükenmez
- Department of General Surgery, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Abdullah İğci
- Department of General Surgery, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Vahit Özmen
- Department of General Surgery, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mahmut Müslümanoğlu
- Department of General Surgery, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
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Wang Y, Minden A. Current Molecular Combination Therapies Used for the Treatment of Breast Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911046. [PMID: 36232349 PMCID: PMC9569555 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the second leading cause of death for women worldwide. While monotherapy (single agent) treatments have been used for many years, they are not always effective, and many patients relapse after initial treatment. Moreover, in some patients the response to therapy becomes weaker, or resistance to monotherapy develops over time. This is especially problematic for metastatic breast cancer or triple-negative breast cancer. Recently, combination therapies (in which two or more drugs are used to target two or more pathways) have emerged as promising new treatment options. Combination therapies are often more effective than monotherapies and demonstrate lower levels of toxicity during long-term treatment. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of current combination therapies, including molecular-targeted therapy, hormone therapy, immunotherapy, and chemotherapy. We also describe the molecular basis of breast cancer and the various treatment options for different breast cancer subtypes. While combination therapies are promising, we also discuss some of the challenges. Despite these challenges, the use of innovative combination therapy holds great promise compared with traditional monotherapies. In addition, the use of multidisciplinary technologies (such as nanotechnology and computer technology) has the potential to optimize combination therapies even further.
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Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles Loaded with Resveratrol Are Used for Targeted Breast Cancer Therapy. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2022; 2022:8471331. [PMID: 36245986 PMCID: PMC9553529 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8471331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Objective The characteristics of poor pharmacokinetics, stability, and low solubility seriously limited the clinical application of resveratrol (Res) in breast cancer. Thus, this study intends to develop a delivery system for Res which could be better used in breast cancer therapy. Methods Resveratrol-modified mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN-Res) were chemically constructed. Their shape and encapsulation were detected by transmission electron microscope, Fourier transforms infrared spectrometer, and UV spectroscopy, respectively. MGF-7 tumor-bearing mice were established by subcutaneous injection, and the pathological changes were detected by hematoxylin-eosin staining. CCK-8 and Ki-67 immunohistochemical staining were used for proliferation evaluation in vitro and in vivo. Flow cytometry, TUNEL, wound healing, and transwell assay detected cell apoptosis, invasion, and migration. Results MSN-Res was successfully prepared with high biosafety. MSN-Res inhibited MGF-7 cell proliferation, invasion, and migration and promoted apoptosis in vitro. Furthermore, MSN-Res showed better performance compared Res in breast cancer mouse models. In addition, we found that MSN-Res inhibited tumor growth via inhibiting the NF-κB signaling pathway. Conclusion MSN-Res inhibited breast cancer progression with better efficacy compared with Res treatment alone by inhibiting the NF-κB signaling pathway, suggesting that MSN-Res is a more effective adjuvant treatment method for breast cancer. Thus, our findings may provide a new and safer means of using phytochemicals in combinatorial therapy of breast cancer.
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