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Yao J, Geng X, Zheng H, Wang Z, Zhang C, Li J, Maimaiti Z, Qin Y. Study on the inhibitory mechanism of fig leaf extract against postharvest Fusarium in melon. PeerJ 2024; 12:e17654. [PMID: 39071129 PMCID: PMC11283778 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.17654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to explore the fungistatic mechanism of fig leaf extract against Fusarium and to provide a theoretical basis for the development of new plant-derived fungicides. Methods The fungistaticity of fig leaf extract were analyzed by the ring of inhibition method. Fusarium equiseti was selected as the target for analyzing its fungistatic mechanism in terms of mycelial morphology, ultrastructure, cell membrane permeability, membrane plasma peroxidation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) content and changes in the activity of protective enzymes. The effect of this extract was verified in melon, and its components were determined by metabolite analysis using ultraperformance liquid chromatography‒mass spectrometry (UPLC‒MS). Results Fig leaf extract had an obvious inhibitory effect on Fusarium, and the difference was significant (P < 0.05) or highly significant (P < 0.01). Scanning and transmission electron microscopy revealed that F. equiseti hyphae exhibited obvious folding, twisting and puckering phenomena, resulting in an increase in the cytoplasmic leakage of spores, interstitial plasma, and the concentration of the nucleus, which seriously damaged the integrity of the fungal cell membrane. This phenomenon was confirmed by propidium iodide (PI) and fluorescein diacetate (FAD) staining, cell membrane permeability and malondialdehyde (MDA) content. Fig leaf extract also induced the mycelium to produce excessive H2O2,which led to lipid peroxidation of the cell membrane, promoted the accumulation of MDA, accelerated protein hydrolysis, induced an increase in antioxidant enzyme activity, and disrupted the balance of ROS metabolism; these findings showed that fungal growth was inhibited, which was verified in melons. A total of 1,540 secondary metabolites were detected by broad-targeted metabolomics, among which the fungistatic active substances flavonoids (15.45%), phenolic acids (15%), and alkaloids (10.71%) accounted for a high percentage and the highest relative content of these substances 1,3,7,8-tetrahydroxy-2- prenylxanthone, 8-hydroxyquinoline and Azelaic acid were analysed for their antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, preventive effects against plant diseases and acquisition of resistance by plants. This confirms the reason for the fungicidal properties of fig leaf extracts. Conclusion Fig leaf extract has the potential to be developed into a plant-derived fungicide as a new means of postharvest pathogen prevention and control in melon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yao
- College of Horticulture, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Xinjiang, Urumqi, China
- Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Grapevine and Melon Fruit Research Institute, Xinjiang, Shanshan, China
| | - Xinli Geng
- Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Grapevine and Melon Fruit Research Institute, Xinjiang, Shanshan, China
| | - Heyun Zheng
- Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Grapevine and Melon Fruit Research Institute, Xinjiang, Shanshan, China
| | - Zhiwei Wang
- Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Grapevine and Melon Fruit Research Institute, Xinjiang, Shanshan, China
| | - Cuihuan Zhang
- Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Grapevine and Melon Fruit Research Institute, Xinjiang, Shanshan, China
| | - Jing Li
- Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Grapevine and Melon Fruit Research Institute, Xinjiang, Shanshan, China
| | - Zaituna Maimaiti
- Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Grapevine and Melon Fruit Research Institute, Xinjiang, Shanshan, China
| | - Yong Qin
- College of Horticulture, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Xinjiang, Urumqi, China
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Budiyanto M, Puspitarini S, Prasetyo S, Subekti H, Birhan YS, Qosyim A, Ilhami FB. In vitro investigation on Pennisetum purpureum leaf extracts grown in Indonesia of phytochemical components, optical characteristics, and antioxidant-antibacterial activities. BRAZ J BIOL 2024; 84:e280855. [PMID: 38422303 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.280855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Medicinal plants hold significant cultural significance and play a crucial role in the advancement of potentially safe drugs for the therapy of disease worldwide. Pennisetum purpureum or elephant grass has been used for traditional medications in Indonesia without understanding the phytochemicals of those plants. Herein, our report revolves around the qualitative and quantitative examination of phytochemical components, optical properties, antioxidants, and antibacterial assessments of solvent fractions derived from Pennisetum purpureum leaf. The Pennisetum purpureum leaf was successfully soaked with ethanol, n-hexane, and chloroform. The study aimed to assess the total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), and total alkaloid content (TAC) within different of extracts. The optical properties of extract were analyzed by absorption light and photoluminescent. Moreover, evaluation of antioxidant activities of extracts through DPPH free radical scavenging and FRAP assays, followed by an evaluation of their effectiveness in antibacterial therapy against different bacterial strains. The qualitative and quantitative phytochemical of Pennisetum purpureum presented as highest in ethanol TPC (85.5 mg GAE/g extracts), TFC (87.9 mg QE/g extracts), and TAC (86.2 mg ATE/g extracts) as compared to other solvents extract. Pennisetum purpureum extract had antioxidant capacity against DPPH radical and FRAP assay. Furthermore, each of the samples displayed antibacterial effectiveness that was dependent on the dosage towards different strains of bacteria. Our findings clearly demonstrated that Pennisetum purpureum leaf extracts grown in Indonesia containing alkaloid, flavonoid, glycoside, saponin, steroids, tannin, and terpenoids that support its capability as antioxidant and antibacterial.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Budiyanto
- Universitas Negeri Surabaya, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Department of Natural Science, Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia
| | - S Puspitarini
- Universitas Negeri Surabaya, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Department of Natural Science, Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia
| | - S Prasetyo
- Universitas Negeri Surabaya, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Department of Natural Science, Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia
| | - H Subekti
- Universitas Negeri Surabaya, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Department of Natural Science, Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia
| | - Y S Birhan
- Debre Markos University, Collage of Natural and Computational Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Debre Markos, Amhara Region, Ethiopia
| | - A Qosyim
- Universitas Negeri Surabaya, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Department of Natural Science, Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia
| | - F B Ilhami
- Universitas Negeri Surabaya, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Department of Natural Science, Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia
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Gashaye MB, Birhan YS. Phytochemical constituents, antioxidant and antibacterial activities of Plectocephalus varians (A. Rich.) C. Jeffrey ex Cufod root extracts. BMC Complement Med Ther 2023; 23:135. [PMID: 37118732 PMCID: PMC10148559 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-023-03919-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Plants have been used to treat diverse types of diseases in different cultural groups around the globe. In this regard, the root of Plectocephalus varians (P. varians) is claimed to have a beneficiary effect in treating cancer and hemorrhoids in Ethiopia. Hence, this study aimed at the phytochemical investigation, antioxidant, and antibacterial activities of n-hexane, acetone, and methanolic extracts of P. varians root. The different crude extracts of P. varians were obtained through maceration technique. The total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid contents (TFC) of the extracts were estimated using Folin-Ciocalteu Reagent (FCR) and aluminum chloride colorimetric assays, respectively. The antioxidant activities of the extracts were determined by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays. The antibacterial activities of the extracts were assessed by using disc diffusion method. The results echoed the presence of alkaloids, saponins, flavonoids, steroids, phenols, tannins, anthraquinones, terpenoids, polyphenols, and glycosides in the root of P. varians. The methanolic root extract (MRE) had the highest TPC (107.18 mg GAE/g) and TFC (120.194 mg QE/g) followed by acetone root extract (ARE) (TPC = 98.68 mg GAE/g; TFC = 64.038 mg QE/g) and n-hexane root extract (HRE) (TPC = 12.39 mg GAE/g; TFC = 9.917 mg QE/g). The DPPH radical scavenging and FRAP assays demonstrated the antioxidant effects of HRE (IC50 = 681.75 ppm; EC50 = 60.65 ppm), ARE (IC50 = 165.73 ppm; EC50 = 51.67 ppm) and MRE (IC50 = 132.06 ppm; EC50 = 30.97 ppm) of P. varians. Furthermore, the root fractions elicited pronounced dose-dependent growth inhibition against Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococci pyogenes, Escherichia coli, and Klebsiella pneumoniae with mean zone of inhibition (MZI) ranging from 11 ± 0.38 to 20 ± 0.04 mm at 800 ppm. Overall, the present study provides ethnopharmacological evidence suggesting the medicinal importance of P. varians. The results also call for further bioassay-guided phytochemical screening and in vitro and/or in vivo bioactivity testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melaku Birhane Gashaye
- Department of Chemistry, Natural and Computational Sciences College, Debre Markos University, P.O. Box 269, Debre Markos, Ethiopia
| | - Yihenew Simegniew Birhan
- Department of Chemistry, Natural and Computational Sciences College, Debre Markos University, P.O. Box 269, Debre Markos, Ethiopia.
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Mazhar M, Afzal M, Naveed M. Phytochemical Profiling, Biological Activities and In Silico Virtual Screening of Bioactive Compounds of
Trichodesma Indicum
(L) R. Br. Extracts. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202203821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Modasrah Mazhar
- Department of Basic and Applied Chemistry Faculty of Science and Technology University of Central Punjab Avenue 1, Khayaban-e-Jinnah Road, Johar Town Lahore Punjab Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Afzal
- Department of Basic and Applied Chemistry Faculty of Science and Technology University of Central Punjab Avenue 1, Khayaban-e-Jinnah Road, Johar Town Lahore Punjab Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Naveed
- Department of Biotechnology Faculty of Science and Technology University of Central Punjab Avenue 1, Khayaban-e-Jinnah Road, Johar Town Lahore Punjab Pakistan
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Paunova-Krasteva T, Hemdan BA, Dimitrova PD, Damyanova T, El-Feky AM, Elbatanony MM, Stoitsova S, El-Liethy MA, El-Taweel GE, El Nahrawy AM. Hybrid Chitosan/CaO-Based Nanocomposites Doped with Plant Extracts from Azadirachta indica and Melia azedarach: Evaluation of Antibacterial and Antibiofilm Activities. BIONANOSCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12668-022-01047-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Antibacterial and Antioxidant Properties of Extracts of Yucca Baccata, a Plant of Northwestern Mexico, against Pathogenic Bacteria. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:9158836. [PMID: 36337841 PMCID: PMC9629963 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9158836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Bacterial agents and oxidative reactions are involved in health and food preservation issues, and Yucca baccata (Y. baccata) can be a source of compounds with practical applications in both areas, but its investigation remains limited. Materials and Methods Butanolic (YBE) and aqueous (YAE) extracts were obtained from the stem of Y. baccata. The total saponin, phenolic, and flavonoid contents were analyzed in the YBE and YAE. The antioxidant capacity of the extracts was determined by the DPPH, TEAC, FRAP, and ORAC assays. Seven Gram-positive and five Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria strains were used to determine the MIC and MBC. Results Saponin contents were 30% and 1.81% (w/w) in the YBE and YAE, respectively. The total phenolic and flavonoid contents in the extracts were 29.5 μg GAEmg−1 (2.95%) and 5.58 μg GAEmg−1 (0.56%) in the YBE and 69.92 μg QEmg−1 (7.0%) and 1.65 μg QEmg−1 (0.165%) in the YAE. The antioxidant capacity values of YBE were 29.18 μg TEmg−1, 121.8 μg TEmg−1, 33.41 μg TEmg−1, and 156.84 μg TEmg−1 by the DPPH, TEAC, FRAP, and ORAC assays, respectively. YAE had lower antioxidant values than YBE (P < 0.05). Values of 80 mgmL−1 and 100 mgmL−1 were estimated for MIC and MBC of YBE against the Gram-positive bacteria. Values of 100 mgmL−1 and 120 mgmL−1 for MIC and MBC of YBE were estimated against the Gram-negative bacteria. No MIC and MBC were obtained for YAE. Conclusion YBE exhibited higher antioxidant activity than YAE. Apparently, antibacterial properties of the YBE tended to be higher than those of the YAE.
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Entezari A, Roshanak S, Shakeri G, Sedaghat N. Effect of zein and zein‐
Peganum harmala
extract coatings of eggshell on the internal quality of eggs and control of
Salmonella enteritidis. J Food Sci 2022; 87:4665-4673. [DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.16306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Asma Entezari
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture Ferdowsi University of Mashhad (FUM) Mashhad Iran
| | - Sahar Roshanak
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture Ferdowsi University of Mashhad (FUM) Mashhad Iran
| | - Golshan Shakeri
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
| | - Nasser Sedaghat
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture Ferdowsi University of Mashhad (FUM) Mashhad Iran
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Alhagi maurorum extract modulates quorum sensing genes and biofilm formation in Proteus mirabilis. Sci Rep 2022; 12:13992. [PMID: 35978046 PMCID: PMC9385855 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-18362-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Proteus mirabilis (P. mirabilis) is a frequent cause of catheter-associated urinary tract infections. This study aims to investigate the anti-infective effect of Alhagi maurorum extract (AME), the traditional medicinal plant in the middle east, on the biofilm-forming P. mirabilis isolates. Hydroalcoholic extract and oil of A. maurorum were characterized by HPLC and GC–MS. The antiproliferative, anti-biofilm, and bactericidal activity of AME at various concentrations were assessed by turbidity, crystal violet binding, and agar well diffusion assays, respectively. The AME’s effect on adhesion and quorum sensing (QS) were investigated by in vitro adhesion assay on cell culture and agar overlay assay using Janthinobacterium lividum (ATCC 12472) as a biosensor strain. In addition, the expression level of selected genes involved in QS and biofilm regulation were determined by quantitative Real-Time PCR. Furthermore, the bladder phantom model was created to evaluate the assays and investigate the catheter’s calcium deposition. The most effective chemical compounds found in AME were tamarixetin, quercetin, and trans-anethole. Although AME did not inhibit swarming motility, it reduced biofilm production and exerted a concentration-dependent anti-adhesive and anti-QS activity against P. mirabilis. AME also downregulated the expression level of selected genes involved in biofilm formation and QS. This study showed that AME as a natural compound reduced biofilm formation of P. mirabilis by targeting virulence factor genes, quorum sensing, and other strategies that include preventing the adhesion of P. mirabilis to the cells. The results suggest that A. maurorum extract might have the potential to be considered for preventing UTIs caused by P. mirabilis.
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Al Qaisi YT, Khleifat KM, Oran SA, Al Tarawneh AA, Qaralleh H, Al-Qaisi TS, Farah HS. Ruta graveolens, Peganum harmala, and Citrullus colocynthis methanolic extracts have in vitro protoscolocidal effects and act against bacteria isolated from echinococcal hydatid cyst fluid. Arch Microbiol 2022; 204:228. [PMID: 35353289 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-022-02844-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Echinococcosis is a common and endemic disease that affects both humans and animals. In this study, the in vitro activities of methanolic extracts of Ruta graveolens, Peganum harmala aerial parts, and Citrullus colocynthis seeds against protoscolosis and isolated bacterial strains from hydatid cysts were assessed using disc diffusion methods and Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC). The chemical composition of three methanolic extracts was studied using LC-MS. After 3 h of exposure to 40 mg/mL R. graveolens extract, a tenfold protoscolocidal effect was seen when compared to the convintional medication (ABZ) for the same duration (P < 0.05). The bacteria listed below were isolated from hydatid cyst fluid collected from a variety of sick locations, including the lung and liver. Micrococcus spp., E. coli, Klebsiella oxytoca, Enterobacter aerogenes, Enterobacter amnigenus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus xylosus, and Achromobacter xylosoxidans are among the bacteria that have been identified. The most effective extract was R. graveolens, followed by P. harmala and C. colocynthis, according to the results of antibacterial activity using the disc diffusion method. R. graveolens extract had the lowest MIC values (less than 2 mg/mL) against all microorganisms tested. This shows that the R. graveolens extract has additional properties, such as the ability to be both scolocidal and bactericidal. Because these bacteria are among the most prevalent pathogenic bacteria that increase the risk of secondary infection during hydatid cysts, the results of inhibitory zones and MICs of the R. graveolens methanol extract are considered highly promising.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaseen T Al Qaisi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Mutah University, Mutah, 61710, Karak, Jordan.
| | - Khaled M Khleifat
- Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Sawsan A Oran
- Departmentof Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Amjad A Al Tarawneh
- Prince Faisal Center for Dead Sea, Environmental and Energy Research, Mutah University, Mutah, 61710, Karak, Jordan
| | - Haitham Qaralleh
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Science, Mutah University, Mutah, 61710, Karak, Jordan
| | - Talal S Al-Qaisi
- Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Husni S Farah
- Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman, Jordan
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The Antioxidant Properties of Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) and Its Biochemical, Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Pathological Effects on Nicotine-Induced Oxidative Stress in the Rat Liver. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:2691577. [PMID: 35378828 PMCID: PMC8976666 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2691577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Medicago sativa Linn or alfalfa is a tonic plant rich in proteins, vitamins, and minerals that is used to treat many diseases due to its pharmacological properties such as anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. So, the aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of alfalfa methanolic extract (AME) on the prevention of liver damage caused by nicotine. The total phenols, flavonoids levels, and the free radical scavenging activity of its extract (IC50) were measured. In this study, 30 Wistar rats were randomly divided into 5 groups as control (untreated), N (nicotine only), T1, T2, and T3 (nicotine + AME 100, 250, and 500 mg/kg/day, respectively). AME (orally) and nicotine (intraperitoneal injection, 0.5 mg/kg/day) were then administered for 21 days. Weight gain, the liver-to-body weight ratio, liver functional enzymes, and the lipid profile were measured. Moreover, we evaluated oxidative stress, proinflammatory parameters, and histopathological changes in the liver. Total phenols, flavonoids, and IC50 were determined as
mg GAE/g,
mg QE/g, and
μg/ml, respectively. Nicotine changed the measured parameters to abnormal. AME increased weight gain, the liver-to-body weight ratio, and enzymatic antioxidant levels and decreased malondialdehyde, liver functional enzymes, and proinflammatory cytokine levels. The lipid profile and histopathological changes have also been improved by AME in a dose-dependent manner. The results showed that AME in a dose-dependent manner by improving the inflammation and oxidative damage could improve the liver damage caused by nicotine.
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Peng H, Wang YS, Wang J, Li SJ, Sun TL, Liu T, Shi QS, Zhou G, Xie XB. Chemical Components of Aqueous Extracts of Melia azedarach Fruits and Their Effects on The Transcriptome of Staphylococcus aureus. Pol J Microbiol 2022; 70:447-459. [PMID: 35003276 PMCID: PMC8702609 DOI: 10.33073/pjm-2021-041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus is the causative agent of numerous and varied clinical infections. Crude aqueous extracts of Melia azedarach fruits inhibit the planktonic growth and initial biofilm formation of S. aureus in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, the biofilm topologies became sparse and decreased as the concentration of the aqueous extracts increased. RNA-Seq analyses revealed 532 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) after S. aureus exposure to 0.25 g/ml extracts; 319 of them were upregulated, and 213 were downregulated. The majority of DEGs were categorized into abundant sub-groups in the Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways. Finally, untargeted UHPLC-MS/MS analyses of the aqueous extracts of M. azedarach fruits demonstrated a highly complex profile in positive and negative electrospray ionization modes. The extracts primarily consisted of lipids and lipid-like molecules, organic acids and their derivatives, phenylpropanoids, polyketides, organoheterocyclic compounds, and benzenoids annotated by abundant lipid maps and KEGG pathways. Overall, this study provides evidences that the aqueous extracts of M. azedarach fruits can control S. aureus infections and sought to understand the mode of action of these extracts on S. aureus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Peng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying-Si Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Wang
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Su-Juan Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting-Li Sun
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Tong Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing-Shan Shi
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Bao Xie
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
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Andonova T, Muhovski Y, Fidan H, Slavov I, Stoyanova A, Dimitrova-Dyulgerova I. Chemical Compounds, Antitumor and Antimicrobial Activities of Dry Ethanol Extracts from Koelreuteria paniculata Laxm. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:plants10122715. [PMID: 34961185 PMCID: PMC8709055 DOI: 10.3390/plants10122715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Koelreuteria paniculata Laxm. is used in traditional medicine and has various established biological activities, however, the species is considered to be a potentially invasive alien tree species for Bulgarian flora. However, there is still much to be studied about the phytochemical and biological characteristics of the species. The present study aimed to determine the chemical composition of the ethanol extracts of aerial plant parts, by GC-MS analysis, and to thereby evaluate their in vitro antitumor and antibacterial properties. All three extracts were tested against the HT-29 and PC3 tumor cell lines using the MTT assay. Fifty-six components were identified from leaf, flower, and stem bark extracts, and over 10% were the following constituents: pyrogallol, α-terpinyl acetate, neryl acetate, and α-terpinyl isobutanoate. The oxygenated monoterpenes predominated in the extracts, followed by the oxygenated aliphatics and phenylpropanoids. Significant antiproliferative activity on the HT-29 cell line (IC50-21.44 µg/mL and 23.63 µg/mL, respectively) was found for the flower and leaf extracts. Antibacterial activity was established for the following bacteria strains: Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633, Bacillus cereus NCTC 10320, Escherichia coli ATCC 8739, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 6027, and Proteus vulgaris ATCC 6380. The stem bark and flower extracts showed better antimicrobial potential. K. paniculata could be considered as a potential source of biologically active substances with antitumor and antibacterial properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsvetelina Andonova
- Department of Botany and Methods of Biology Teaching, Faculty of Biology, University of Plovdiv, Paisii Hilendarski, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria; (T.A.); (I.D.-D.)
| | - Yordan Muhovski
- Life Sciences Department, Walloon Agricultural Research Centre, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium
- Correspondence:
| | - Hafize Fidan
- Department of Tourism and Culinary Management, Faculty of Economics, University of Food Technologies, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria;
| | - Iliya Slavov
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Varna, 9000 Varna, Bulgaria;
| | - Albena Stoyanova
- Department of Tobacco, Sugar, Vegetable and Essential Oils, Faculty of Technology, University of Food Technologies, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria;
| | - Ivanka Dimitrova-Dyulgerova
- Department of Botany and Methods of Biology Teaching, Faculty of Biology, University of Plovdiv, Paisii Hilendarski, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria; (T.A.); (I.D.-D.)
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Feng M, Lv Y, Li T, Li X, Liu J, Chen X, Zhang Y, Chen X, Wang A. Postharvest Treatments with Three Yeast Strains and Their Combinations to Control Botrytis cinerea of Snap Beans. Foods 2021; 10:foods10112736. [PMID: 34829022 PMCID: PMC8618400 DOI: 10.3390/foods10112736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Three yeast strains, namely Cryptococcus albidus (Ca63), Cryptococcus albidus (Ca64), and Candida parapsilosis (Yett1006), and their combinations, including single yeast agent, two combined yeast strains, single yeast agent + NaHCO3, single yeast agent + chitosan, single yeast agent + ascorbic acid, and single yeast agent + konjac powder, were evaluated for their activity against Botrytis cinerea, the most economically important fungal pathogens causing postharvest disease of snap beans. In in vitro tests, no inhibition zone was observed in dual cultures of three yeast strains and B. cinerea. The mycelial growth inhibition rates of B. cinerea for Ca63, Ca64, and Yett1006 were 97%, 95%, and 97%, respectively. In in vivo tests, the optimal combination of the lowest disease index of snap beans with B. cinerea was Ca63 + Ca64, with a preventing effect of 75%. The decay rate and rust spots index of Ca64 + ascorbic acid combination were 25% and 20%, respectively, which were the lowest. The activities of defense-related enzymes increased, while malondialdehyde (MDA) content was suppressed in snap beans after different treatments. Our results highlight the potential of the three yeast strains and their combinations as new nonpolluting agents for the integrated control of B. cinerea on snap beans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingfang Feng
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (M.F.); (Y.Z.)
| | - You Lv
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (Y.L.); (T.L.); (X.L.); (X.C.); (X.C.)
| | - Tiantian Li
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (Y.L.); (T.L.); (X.L.); (X.C.); (X.C.)
| | - Xinmao Li
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (Y.L.); (T.L.); (X.L.); (X.C.); (X.C.)
| | - Jiayin Liu
- College of Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China;
| | - Xiuling Chen
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (Y.L.); (T.L.); (X.L.); (X.C.); (X.C.)
| | - Yao Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (M.F.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Xu Chen
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (Y.L.); (T.L.); (X.L.); (X.C.); (X.C.)
| | - Aoxue Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (M.F.); (Y.Z.)
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (Y.L.); (T.L.); (X.L.); (X.C.); (X.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-451-55190443
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Abd-Alla HI, Souguir D, Radwan MO. Genus Sophora: a comprehensive review on secondary chemical metabolites and their biological aspects from past achievements to future perspectives. Arch Pharm Res 2021; 44:903-986. [PMID: 34907492 PMCID: PMC8671057 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-021-01354-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Sophora is deemed as one of the most remarkable genera of Fabaceae, and the third largest family of flowering plants. The genus Sophora comprises approximately 52 species, 19 varieties, and 7 forms that are widely distributed in Asia and mildly in Africa. Sophora species are recognized to be substantial sources of broad spectrum biopertinent secondary metabolites namely flavonoids, isoflavonoids, chalcones, chromones, pterocarpans, coumarins, benzofuran derivatives, sterols, saponins (mainly triterpene glycosides), oligostilbenes, and mainly alkaloids. Meanwhile, extracts and isolated compounds from Sophora have been identified to possess several health-promising effects including anti-inflammatory, anti-arthritic, antiplatelets, antipyretic, anticancer, antiviral, antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-osteoporosis, anti-ulcerative colitis, antidiabetic, anti-obesity, antidiarrheal, and insecticidal activities. Herein, the present review aims to provide comprehensive details about the phytochemicals and biological effects of Sophora species. The review spotlighted on the promising phytonutrients extracted from Sophora and their plethora of bioactivities. The review also clarifies the remaining gaps and thus qualifies and supplies a platform for further investigations of these compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Howaida I Abd-Alla
- Chemistry of Natural Compounds Department, National Research Centre, El-Bohouth Street, Giza-Dokki, 12622, Egypt.
| | - Dalila Souguir
- Institut National de Recherches en Génie Rural, Eaux et Forêts (INRGREF), Université de Carthage, 10 Rue Hédi Karray, Manzeh IV, 2080, Ariana, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed O Radwan
- Chemistry of Natural Compounds Department, National Research Centre, El-Bohouth Street, Giza-Dokki, 12622, Egypt.
- Medicinal and Biological Chemistry Science Farm Joint Research Laboratory, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 862-0973, Japan.
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Matrose NA, Obikeze K, Belay ZA, Caleb OJ. Impact of spatial variation and extraction solvents on bioactive compounds, secondary metabolites and antifungal efficacy of South African Impepho [Helichrysum odoratissimum (L.) Sweet]. FOOD BIOSCI 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2021.101139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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16
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Gonçalves J, Luís Â, Gradillas A, García A, Restolho J, Fernández N, Domingues F, Gallardo E, Duarte AP. Ayahuasca Beverages: Phytochemical Analysis and Biological Properties. Antibiotics (Basel) 2020; 9:antibiotics9110731. [PMID: 33114334 PMCID: PMC7690887 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics9110731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Ayahuasca is a psychoactive beverage, originally consumed by indigenous Amazon tribes, of which consumption has been increasing worldwide. The aim of this study was to evaluate the phytochemical profile, as well as the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties of decoctions of four individual plants, a commercial mixture and four mixtures of two individual plants used in the Ayahuasca preparation. For this purpose, a phytochemical characterization was performed, determining the content of flavonoids, total phenolic compounds, and analyzing the phenolic profile. Besides, 48 secondary metabolites were investigated by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q/TOF-MS) and their concentration estimated with real standards when present. The antioxidant activity was evaluated by both the β-carotene bleaching test and DPPH free radical scavenging assay, and the anti-inflammatory activity was determined by a protein denaturation method. Finally, the antimicrobial properties were evaluated using the disc diffusion assay, resazurin microtiter method, anti-quorum sensing and anti-biofilm activity assays. The obtained results showed that, in general, the samples have a high content of phenolic compounds and flavonoids with noticeable differences, reflecting on remarkable antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Significant antimicrobial properties were also observed, with emphasis on the effect of B. caapi and P. harmala on planktonic and biofilm cells of A. baumannii, inhibiting both the biofilm formation and the production of violacein pigment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Gonçalves
- Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde (CICS-UBI), Universidade da Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal; (J.G.); (J.R.); (F.D.); (A.P.D.)
- Laboratório de Fármaco-Toxicologia, UBI Medical, Universidade da Beira Interior, Estrada Municipal 506, 6200-284 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Ângelo Luís
- Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde (CICS-UBI), Universidade da Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal; (J.G.); (J.R.); (F.D.); (A.P.D.)
- Laboratório de Fármaco-Toxicologia, UBI Medical, Universidade da Beira Interior, Estrada Municipal 506, 6200-284 Covilhã, Portugal
- Correspondence: (Â.L.); (E.G.); Tel.: +351-275-329-002/3 (Â.L.); +351-275-329-002/3 (E.G.)
| | - Ana Gradillas
- CEMBIO, Center for Metabolomics and Bioanalysis, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo CEU, CEU Universities, Campus Monteprincipe, Boadilla del Monte, 28668 Madrid, Spain; (A.G.); (A.G.)
| | - Antonia García
- CEMBIO, Center for Metabolomics and Bioanalysis, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo CEU, CEU Universities, Campus Monteprincipe, Boadilla del Monte, 28668 Madrid, Spain; (A.G.); (A.G.)
| | - José Restolho
- Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde (CICS-UBI), Universidade da Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal; (J.G.); (J.R.); (F.D.); (A.P.D.)
| | - Nicolás Fernández
- Cátedra de Toxicología y Química Legal, Laboratorio de Asesoramiento Toxicológico Analítico (CENATOXA), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Junín 956, C1113AAD Buenos Aires, Argentina;
| | - Fernanda Domingues
- Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde (CICS-UBI), Universidade da Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal; (J.G.); (J.R.); (F.D.); (A.P.D.)
| | - Eugenia Gallardo
- Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde (CICS-UBI), Universidade da Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal; (J.G.); (J.R.); (F.D.); (A.P.D.)
- Laboratório de Fármaco-Toxicologia, UBI Medical, Universidade da Beira Interior, Estrada Municipal 506, 6200-284 Covilhã, Portugal
- Correspondence: (Â.L.); (E.G.); Tel.: +351-275-329-002/3 (Â.L.); +351-275-329-002/3 (E.G.)
| | - Ana Paula Duarte
- Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde (CICS-UBI), Universidade da Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal; (J.G.); (J.R.); (F.D.); (A.P.D.)
- Laboratório de Fármaco-Toxicologia, UBI Medical, Universidade da Beira Interior, Estrada Municipal 506, 6200-284 Covilhã, Portugal
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