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Shaikhaldein HO, Al-Qurainy F, Nadeem M, Khan S, Tarroum M, Salih AM, Al-Hashimi A. Biosynthesis of copper nanoparticles using Solenostemma argel and their effect on enhancing salt tolerance in barley plants. Sci Rep 2024; 14:12701. [PMID: 38831069 PMCID: PMC11148141 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-63641-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The distinctive characteristics of nanoparticles and their potential applications have been given considerable attention by scientists across different fields, particularly agriculture. However, there has been limited effort to assess the impact of copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) in modulating physiological and biochemical processes in response to salt-induced stress. This study aimed to synthesize CuNPs biologically using Solenostemma argel extract and determine their effects on morphophysiological parameters and antioxidant defense system of barley (Hordeum vulgare) under salt stress. The biosynthesized CuNPs were characterized by (UV-vis spectroscopy with Surface Plasmon Resonance at 320 nm, the crystalline nature of the formed NPs was verified via XRD, the FTIR recorded the presence of the functional groups, while TEM was confirmed the shape (spherical) and the sizes (9 to 18 nm) of biosynthesized CuNPs. Seeds of barley plants were grown in plastic pots and exposed to different levels of salt (0, 100 and 200 mM NaCl). Our findings revealed that the supplementation of CuNPs (0, 25 and 50 mg/L) to salinized barley significantly mitigate the negative impacts of salt stress and enhanced the plant growth-related parameters. High salinity level enhanced the oxidative damage by raising the concentrations of osmolytes (soluble protein, soluble sugar, and proline), malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). In addition, increasing the activities of enzymatic antioxidants, total phenol, and flavonoids. Interestingly, exposing CuNPs on salt-stressed plants enhanced the plant-growth characteristics, photosynthetic pigments, and gas exchange parameters. Furthermore, CuNPs counteracted oxidative damage by lowering the accumulation of osmolytes, H2O2, MDA, total phenol, and flavonoids, while simultaneously enhancing the activities of antioxidant enzymes. In conclusion, the application of biosynthesized CuNPs presents a promising approach and sustainable strategy to enhance plant resistance to salinity stress, surpassing conventional methods in terms of environmental balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan O Shaikhaldein
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Fahad Al-Qurainy
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Nadeem
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salim Khan
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Tarroum
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdalrhaman M Salih
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman Al-Hashimi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Allam E, El-Darier S, Ghattass Z, Fakhry A, Elghobashy RM. Application of chitosan nanopriming on plant growth and secondary metabolites of Pancratium maritimum L. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:466. [PMID: 38807068 PMCID: PMC11131174 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-05148-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nanotechnology has demonstrated its vital significance in all aspects of daily life. Our research was conducted to estimate the potential of primed seed with chitosan nanoparticles in seed growth and yield by inducing plant secondary metabolism of Pancratium maritimum L. one of the important medicinal plants. Petri dish and pot experiments were carried out. Seeds of Pancratium maritimum L. were soaked in Nano solution (0.1, 0.5, 1 mg/ ml) for 4, 8, 12 h. Germination parameters (germination percentage, germination velocity, speed of germination, germination energy, germination index, mean germination time, seedling shoot and root length, shoot root ratio, seedling vigor index, plant biomass and water content), alkaloids and antioxidant activity of Pancratium maritimum L. were recorded and compared between coated and uncoated seeds. RESULTS Our results exhibited that chitosan nanopriming had a positive effect on some growth parameters, while it fluctuated on others. However, the data showed that most germination parameters were significantly affected in coated seeds compared to uncoated seeds. GC-MS analysis of Pancratium maritimum L. with different nanopriming treatments showed that the quantity of alkaloids decreased, but the amount of pancratistatin, lycorine and antioxidant content increased compared with the control. CONCLUSIONS Applying chitosan nanoparticles in priming seeds might be a simple and effective way to improve the quantity of secondary metabolites of Pancratium maritimum L. valuable medicinal plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman Allam
- Institute of Graduate Studies & Research, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Salama El-Darier
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Zekry Ghattass
- Institute of Graduate Studies & Research, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Amal Fakhry
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Roufaida M Elghobashy
- Biology and Geology Department, Faculty of Education, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
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Riaz F, Hameed A, Asghar MJ. Grain nutritional and antioxidant profiling of diverse lentil ( Lens culinaris Medikus) genetic resources revealed genotypes with high nutritional value. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1344986. [PMID: 38585617 PMCID: PMC10998453 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1344986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The lentil (Lens culinaris Medikus ssp. Culinaris) is a self-pollinating, diploid (2n = 2X = 14) crop with a genome size of 4 Gbp. The present study was conducted to provide a database for the evaluation of lentil antioxidant capacity, nutritional quality, and biochemical attributes. For these purposes, lentil germplasm, including 100 exotic and local genotypes from different agro-climatic zones of Pakistan, was collected. Significant variation (p < 0.05) was found among the genotypes under investigation using the Tukey HSD test. Ascorbate peroxidase was highest in ALTINOPARK (2,465 Units/g s. wt.), catalase in LPP 12110 (5,595 Units/g s. wt.), superoxide dismutase in LPP 12105 (296.75 Units/g s. wt.), and peroxidase in NIAB Masoor 2002 (3,170 Units/g s. wt.). Furthermore, NLM 15016 had a maximum total antioxidant capacity of 15.763 mg/g s. wt. The maximum values of total soluble sugars (83.93 mg/g. s. wt.) and non-reducing sugars (74.79 mg/g. s. wt.) were noticed in NLM 15015. The highest reducing sugars were detected in ILL 8006 (45.68 mg/g. s. wt.) ascorbic acid in LPP 12182 (706 μg/g s. wt.), total phenolic content in NLI 17003 (54,600 μM/g s. wt.), and tannins in NLI 17057 (24,563 μM/g s. wt.). The highest chlorophyll a (236.12 μg/g s. wt.), chlorophyll b (317 μg/g s. wt.), total chlorophyll (552.58 μg/g s. wt.), and lycopene (10.881 μg/g s. wt.) were found in NLH 12097. Maximum total carotenoids were revealed in the local approved variety Markaz 2009 (17.89 μg/g s. wt.). Principal component analysis (PCA), correlation analysis (Pearson's test), and agglomerative hierarchical clustering (AHC) were performed to detect the extent of variation in genotypes. In cluster analysis, all genotypes were categorized into three clusters. Cluster II genotypes showed remarkable divergence with cluster III. According to PCA, the contribution of PC-I regarding tested nutritional parameters toward variability was the highest (39.75%) and indicated positive factor loading for the tested nutritional and biochemical parameters. In conclusion, genotype X 2011S 33-34-32 can be used by the food industry in making pasta, multigrain bread, and snacking foods due to its high protein content for meat alternative seekers. Identified genotypes with high nutritional attributes can be utilized to improve quality parameters in the respective lentil breeding lines.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amjad Hameed
- Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology College, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (NIAB-C, PIEAS), Faisalabad, Pakistan
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Saberi Riseh R, Vatankhah M, Hassanisaadi M, Varma RS. A review of chitosan nanoparticles: Nature's gift for transforming agriculture through smart and effective delivery mechanisms. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 260:129522. [PMID: 38246470 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Chitosan nanoparticles (CNPs) have emerged as a promising tool in agricultural advancements due to their unique properties including, biocompatability, biodegradability, non-toxicity and remarkable versatility. These inherent properties along with their antimicrobial, antioxidant and eliciting activities enable CNPs to play an important role in increasing agricultural productivity, enhancing nutrient absorption and improving pest management strategies. Furthermore, the nano-formulation of chitosan have the ability to encapsulate various agricultural amendments, enabling the controlled release of pesticides, fertilizers, plant growth promoters and biocontrol agents, thus offering precise and targeted delivery mechanisms for enhanced efficiency. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the latest research and developments in the use of CNPs for enhancing agricultural practices through smart and effective delivery mechanisms. It discusses the synthesis methods, physicochemical properties, and their role in enhancing seed germination and plant growth, crop protection against biotic and abiotic stresses, improving soil quality and reducing the environmental pollution and delivery of agricultural amendments. Furthermore, the potential environmental benefits and future directions for integrating CNPs into sustainable agricultural systems are explored. This review aims to shed light on the transformative potential of chitosan nanoparticles as nature's gift for revolutionizing agriculture and fostering eco-friendly farming practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roohallah Saberi Riseh
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan, Rafsanjan 7718897111, Iran; Pistachio Safety Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan 771751735, Iran.
| | - Masoumeh Vatankhah
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan, Rafsanjan 7718897111, Iran
| | - Mohadeseh Hassanisaadi
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan, Rafsanjan 7718897111, Iran
| | - Rajender S Varma
- Centre of Excellence for Research in Sustainable Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos, 13565-905 São Carlos, SP, Brazil
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Lee JHJ, Kasote DM. Nano-Priming for Inducing Salinity Tolerance, Disease Resistance, Yield Attributes, and Alleviating Heavy Metal Toxicity in Plants. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:446. [PMID: 38337979 PMCID: PMC10857146 DOI: 10.3390/plants13030446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
In today's time, agricultural productivity is severely affected by climate change and increasing pollution. Hence, several biotechnological approaches, including genetic and non-genetic strategies, have been developed and adapted to increase agricultural productivity. One of them is nano-priming, i.e., seed priming with nanomaterials. Thus far, nano-priming methods have been successfully used to mount desired physiological responses and productivity attributes in crops. In this review, the literature about the utility of nano-priming methods for increasing seed vigor, germination, photosynthetic output, biomass, early growth, and crop yield has been summarized. Moreover, the available knowledge about the use of nano-priming methods in modulating plant antioxidant defenses and hormonal networks, inducing salinity tolerance and disease resistance, as well as alleviating heavy metal toxicity in plants, is reviewed. The significance of nano-priming methods in the context of phytotoxicity and environmental safety has also been discussed. For future perspectives, knowledge gaps in the present literature are highlighted, and the need for optimization and validation of nano-priming methods and their plant physiological outcomes, from lab to field, is emphasized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jisun H. J. Lee
- Department of Plant Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Republic of Korea
| | - Deepak M. Kasote
- Agricultural Research Station, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar
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Hameed A, Maqsood W, Hameed A, Qayyum MA, Ahmed T, Farooq T. Chitosan nanoparticles encapsulating curcumin counteract salt-mediated ionic toxicity in wheat seedlings: an ecofriendly and sustainable approach. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:8917-8929. [PMID: 38182953 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-31768-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
Over-accumulating salts in soil are hazardous materials that interfere with the biochemical pathways in growing plants drastically affecting their physiological attributes, growth, and productivity. Soil salinization poses severe threats to highly-demanded and important crops directly challenging food security and sustainable productivity. Recently, there has been a great demand to exploit natural sources for the development of nontoxic nanoformulations of growth enhancers and stress emulators. The chitosan (CS) has growth-stimulating properties and widespread use as nanocarriers, while curcumin (CUR) has a well-established high ROS scavenging potential. Herein, we use CS and CUR for the preparation of CSNPs encapsulating CUR as an ecofriendly nanopriming agent. The hydroprimed, nanoprimed (0.02 and 0.04%), and unprimed (control) wheat seeds were germinated under salt stress (150 mM NaCl) and normal conditions. The seedlings established from the aforementioned seeds were employed for germination studies and biochemical analyses. Priming imprints mitigated the ionic toxicity by upregulating the machinery of antioxidants (CAT, POD, APX, and SOD), photosynthetic pigments (Chl a, Chl b, total Chl, and lycopene), tannins, flavonoids, and protein contents in wheat seedlings under salt stress. It controlled ROS production and avoided structural injuries, thus reducing MDA contents and regulating osmoregulation. The nanopriming-induced readjustments in biochemical attributes counteracted the ionic toxicity and positively influenced the growth parameters including final germination, vigor, and germination index. It also reduced the mean germination time, significantly validating the growth-stimulating and stress-emulating role of the prepared nanosystem. Hence, the nanopriming conferred tolerance against salt stress during germination and seedling development, ensuring sustainable growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arruje Hameed
- Department of Biochemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Waqas Maqsood
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Amjad Hameed
- Plant Breeding & Genetics Division, Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology (NIAB), Jhang Road, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Abdul Qayyum
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Science & Technology, University of Education, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Toheed Ahmed
- Department of Chemistry, Riphah International University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Tahir Farooq
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
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Al-Okbi SY, Ali O, Aly AS, Refaat D, Esmail RSH, Elbakry HFH. Management of metabolic syndrome by nutraceuticals prepared from chitosan and ferulic acid with or without beta-sitosterol and their nanoforms. Sci Rep 2023; 13:12176. [PMID: 37500657 PMCID: PMC10374579 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-38837-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Dyslipidemia, steatohepatitis and insulin resistance are among the components of metabolic syndrome (MS). Nutraceuticals containing chitosan, beta-sitosterol and/or ferulic acid and their nanostructures could have a potential role for management of MS. The aim of the present study was to assess the efficacy of the aforementioned nutraceuticals in treatment of MS in rat and their interaction with atorvastatin, a hypolipidemic drug. The two nutraceuticals and their nanostructures were prepared and the nanostructures were assessed by transmission electron microscope and Fourier-Transform Infra-red Spectrometry. MS was induced in rats by feeding high fructose-high fat diet (HFFD). Different groups of rats fed HFFD and treated with the different nutraceuticals, atorvastatin and atorvastatin in combination with different nutraceuticals, control fed on balanced diet and control consumed HFFD without treatments were run. Plasma glucose, lipid profile, aminotransferases activity, total antioxidant capacity, malondialdehyde, urea, creatinine, insulin, high sensitivity C-reactive protein, and adiponectin were assessed along with calculation of insulin resistance. Liver fat and histopathology were investigated. All nutraceuticals in original and nanostructures showed beneficial effects in the treatment of MS, superiority was ascribed to nutraceuticals composed of chitosan and ferulic acid in both forms. A more promising treatment of MS belonged to atorvastatin administered with the different nutraceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Y Al-Okbi
- Nutrition and Food Sciences Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Ola Ali
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - A S Aly
- Preparatory and Finishing Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - D Refaat
- Central Metallurgical R&D Institute (CMRDI), P.O box 87, Helwan, Egypt
- Instituto de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón, CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, 50018, Zaragoza, Spain
| | | | - Hagar F H Elbakry
- Nutrition and Food Sciences Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
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Zia-Ur-Rehman M, Anayatullah S, Irfan E, Hussain SM, Rizwan M, Sohail MI, Jafir M, Ahmad T, Usman M, Alharby HF. Nanoparticles assisted regulation of oxidative stress and antioxidant enzyme system in plants under salt stress: A review. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 314:137649. [PMID: 36587917 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The global biomass production from agricultural farmlands is facing severe constraints from abiotic stresses like soil salinization. Salinity-mediated stress triggered the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that may result in oxidative burst in cell organelles and cause cell death in plants. ROS production is regulated by the redox homeostasis that helps in the readjustment of the cellular redox and energy state in plants. All these cellular redox related functions may play a decisive role in adaptation and acclimation to salinity stress in plants. The use of nanotechnology like nanoparticles (NPs) in plant physiology has become the new area of interest as they have potential to trigger the various enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant capabilities of plants under varying salinity levels. Moreover, NPs application under salinity is also being favored due to their unique characteristics compared to traditional phytohormones, amino acids, nutrients, and organic osmolytes. Therefore, this article emphasized the core response of plants to acclimate the challenges of salt stress through auxiliary functions of ROS, antioxidant defense system and redox homeostasis. Furthermore, the role of different types of NPs mediated changes in biochemical, proteomic, and genetic expressions of plants under salt stress have been discussed. This article also discussed the potential limitations of NPs adoption in crop production especially under environmental stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Zia-Ur-Rehman
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan.
| | - Sidra Anayatullah
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Effa Irfan
- Institute of Biochemistry & Biotechnology, University of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Syed Makhdoom Hussain
- Department of Zoology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Rizwan
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Irfan Sohail
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan; Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Okara, 56300, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Jafir
- Department of Entomology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad Pakistan, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Tanveer Ahmad
- Department of Horticulture, MNS University of Agriculture Multan, 60000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Usman
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Hesham F Alharby
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia; Plant Biology Research Group, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
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Response to Direct Selection against Drought Stress in Black Cumin (Nigella sativa L.). EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:6888187. [PMID: 36106029 PMCID: PMC9467820 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6888187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Central Anatolia is prone to drought with low precipitation and high evapotranspiration which influence the growth of a several crops. The selection and cultivation of drought-tolerant crops that can survive and maintain under poor climatic conditions are very important. Black cumin (Nigella sativa L. Umbelliferae) is famous for aromatic, medicinal, and therapeutic uses in the Mediterranean region and elsewhere. Drought stress most often delays or reduces seed germination ending up in irregular and poor crop growth. The study aimed to compare the effects of −0.1, −0.2, and −0.4 MPa of PEG 6000 osmo-priming pretreatments for 12, 24, and 36 h and two PEG 6000 post-treatments of −0.05 and −0.15 MPa along with their respective controls for 14 days as post-treatment on seed germination and seedling establishment potential of Turkish cv. Cameli. The results showed significant differences among germination index, germination stresses tolerance index, germination speed, final germination percentage, seedling vigor index, mean germination time, shoot, root and seedling length, and seedling fresh and dry weight of pretreatments and post-treatments when compared to nonprimed and hydro-primed seeds used as control treatments. Osmo-priming pretreatments of black cumin using −0.2 or −0.4 MPa PEG 6000 for 24 or 36 hours in a medium containing −0.05 MPa PEG 6000 as post-treatment showed improved germination efficiency, with increased adaptation ability.
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Ehsan M, Raja NI, Mashwani ZUR, Zohra E, Abasi F, Ikram M, Mustafa N, Wattoo FH, Proćków J, Pérez de la Lastra JM. Effects of Phytogenically Synthesized Bimetallic Ag/ZnO Nanomaterials and Nitrogen-Based Fertilizers on Biochemical and Yield Attributes of Two Wheat Varieties. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:nano12172894. [PMID: 36079932 PMCID: PMC9457894 DOI: 10.3390/nano12172894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Wheat is the most important staple food worldwide, but wheat cultivation faces challenges from high food demand. Fertilizers are already in use to cope with the demand; however, more unconventional techniques may be required to enhance the efficiency of wheat cultivation. Nanotechnology offers one potential technique for improving plant growth and production by providing stimulating agents to the crop. In this study, plant-derived Ag/ZnO nanomaterials were characterized using UV-Vis spectroscopy, SEM, EDX, FTIR, and XRD methods. Various concentrations of phytogenically synthesized Ag/ZnO nanomaterials (20, 40, 60, and 80 ppm) and nitrogen-based fertilizers (urea and ammonium sulphate 50 and 100 mg/L) were applied to wheat varieties (Galaxy-13 and Pak-13). The results obtained from this research showed that application of 60 ppm Ag/ZnO nanomaterials with nitrogenous fertilizers (50 and 100 mg/L) were more effective in improving biochemistry and increasing yield of wheat plants by reducing enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants (proline content, soluble sugar content, malondialdehyde, total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and catalase); and significantly increasing the protein content, number of grains per pot, spike length, 100-grain weight, grain yield per pot, and harvest index of both wheat varieties, compared to untreated plants. These findings allow us to propose Ag/ZnO nanomaterial formulation as a promising growth- and productivity-improvement strategy for wheat cultivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Ehsan
- Department of Botany, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan
- Correspondence: (M.E.); (E.Z.); (J.P.); (J.M.P.d.l.L.); Tel.: +34-922-474334 (J.P.d.l.L.)
| | - Naveed Iqbal Raja
- Department of Botany, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan
| | - Zia Ur Rehman Mashwani
- Department of Botany, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan
| | - Efat Zohra
- Department of Botany, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan
- Correspondence: (M.E.); (E.Z.); (J.P.); (J.M.P.d.l.L.); Tel.: +34-922-474334 (J.P.d.l.L.)
| | - Fozia Abasi
- Department of Botany, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ikram
- Department of Botany, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan
| | - Nilofar Mustafa
- Department of Botany, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan
| | - Feroza Hamid Wattoo
- University Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan
| | - Jarosław Proćków
- Department of Plant Biology, Institute of Environmental Biology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Kożuchowska 5b, 51-631 Wrocław, Poland
- Correspondence: (M.E.); (E.Z.); (J.P.); (J.M.P.d.l.L.); Tel.: +34-922-474334 (J.P.d.l.L.)
| | - José Manuel Pérez de la Lastra
- Biotechnology of Macromolecules Research Group, Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología (IPNA CSIC), 3-38206 San Cristóbal de la Laguna, Spain
- Correspondence: (M.E.); (E.Z.); (J.P.); (J.M.P.d.l.L.); Tel.: +34-922-474334 (J.P.d.l.L.)
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Plant Nutrition for Human Health: A Pictorial Review on Plant Bioactive Compounds for Sustainable Agriculture. SUSTAINABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/su14148329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Is there any relationship between plant nutrition and human health? The overall response to this question is very positive, and a strong relationship between the nutrition of plants and humans has been reported in the literature. The nutritional status of edible plants consumed by humans can have a negative or positive impact on human health. This review was designed to assess the importance of plant bioactive compounds for human health under the umbrella of sustainable agriculture. With respect to the first research question, it was found that plant bioactives (e.g., alkaloids, carotenoids, flavonoids, phenolics, and terpenoids) have a crucial role in human health due to their therapeutic benefits, and their potentiality depends on several factors, including botanical, environmental, and clinical attributes. Plant bioactives could be produced using plant tissue culture tools (as a kind of agro-biotechnological method), especially in cases of underexploited or endangered plants. Bioactive production of plants depends on many factors, especially climate change (heat stress, drought, UV radiation, ozone, and elevated CO2), environmental pollution, and problematic soils (degraded, saline/alkaline, waterlogged, etc.). Under the previously mentioned stresses, in reviewing the literature, a positive or negative association was found depending on the kinds of stress or bioactives and their attributes. The observed correlation between plant bioactives and stress (or growth factors) might explain the importance of these bioactives for human health. Their accumulation in stressed plants can increase their tolerance to stress and their therapeutic roles. The results of this study are in keeping with previous observational studies, which confirmed that the human nutrition might start from edible plants and their bioactive contents, which are consumed by humans. This review is the first report that analyzes this previously observed relationship using pictorial presentation.
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