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Gao S, Yin M, Xu M, Zhang H, Li S, Han Y, Ji S, Li X, Du G. Transcription factors PuPRE6/PuMYB12 and histone deacetylase PuHDAC9-like regulate sucrose levels in pear. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 194:1577-1592. [PMID: 38006319 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiad628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
The improvement of fruit quality, in particular sugar content, has been a major goal of plant breeding programmes for many years. Here, 2 varieties of the Ussurian pear (Pyrus ussuriensis), Nanguo, and its high-sucrose accumulation bud sport, Nanhong, were used to study the molecular mechanisms regulating sucrose transport in fruits. Comparative transcriptome analysis showed that in Nanhong fruit, an MYB transcription factor, PuMYB12, and a sucrose transporter protein, PuSUT4-like, were expressed at higher levels, while a paclobutrazol resistance transcription factor, PuPRE6, and a histone deacetylase (HDAC), PuHDAC9-like, were expressed at lower levels in Nanguo fruit. PuSUT4-like silencing and overexpression experiments in Nanguo pear showed that PuSUT4-like is essential for sucrose transportation. PuPRE6 and PuMYB12 act as antagonistic complexes to regulate PuSUT4-like transcription and sucrose accumulation. The histone deacetylation levels of the PuMYB12 and PuSUT4-like promoters were higher in Nanguo fruit than in Nanhong fruit, and Y1H assays showed that HDAC PuHDAC9-like bound directly to the promoters of PuMYB12 and PuSUT4-like. Our results uncovered transcription regulation and epigenetic mechanisms underlying sucrose accumulation in pears.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyang Gao
- Key Laboratory of Fruit Postharvest Biology, Liaoning Province, College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Mingxin Yin
- Key Laboratory of Fruit Postharvest Biology, Liaoning Province, College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Mingyang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Fruit Postharvest Biology, Liaoning Province, College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - He Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Fruit Postharvest Biology, Liaoning Province, College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Shuai Li
- Key Laboratory of Fruit Postharvest Biology, Liaoning Province, College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Yinxiao Han
- Key Laboratory of Fruit Postharvest Biology, Liaoning Province, College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Shujuan Ji
- Department of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Xinyue Li
- Key Laboratory of Fruit Postharvest Biology, Liaoning Province, College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
- Department of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Guodong Du
- Key Laboratory of Fruit Postharvest Biology, Liaoning Province, College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
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Jiang L, Lin M, Wang H, Song H, Zhang L, Huang Q, Chen R, Song C, Li G, Cao Y. Haplotype-resolved genome assembly of Bletilla striata (Thunb.) Reichb.f. to elucidate medicinal value. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 111:1340-1353. [PMID: 35785503 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Bletilla striata, commonly known as baiji, is a species used in traditional Chinese medicine; it is highly regarded for its medicinal applications and therefore has high economic value. Here, we report a high-quality haplotype-resolved genome of B. striata, haplotype A (2.37 Gb, with a scaffold N50 of 146.39 Mb and a contig N50 of 1.65 Mb) and haplotype B (2.43 Gb, with a scaffold N50 of 150.22 Mb and a contig N50 of 1.66 Mb), assembled from high-fidelity (HiFi) reads and chromosome conformation capture (Hi-C) reads. We find evidence that B. striata has undergone two whole-genome duplication (WGD) events: an ancient WGD event shared by most monocots and a recent WGD event unique to all orchids. We also reconstructed the ancestral orchid karyotype (AOK) of 18 ancient chromosomes and the evolutionary trajectories of 16 modern B. striata chromosomes. Comparative genomic analysis suggests that the expanded gene families of B. striata might play important roles in secondary metabolite biosynthesis and environmental adaptation. By combining genomic and transcriptomic data, we identified the 10 core members from nine gene families that were probably involved in B. striata polysaccharide (BSP) biosynthesis. Based on virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) and yeast two-hybrid experiments, we present an MYB transcription factor (TF), BsMYB2, that can regulate BSP biosynthesis by directly interacting with eight key BSP-related genes: sacA1, HK1, scrK1, scrK2, GPI1, manA1, GMPP1 and UGP2_1. Our study will enhance the understanding of orchid evolution and accelerate the molecular-assisted breeding of B. striata for improving traits of medicinal value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Non-coding RNA Transformation Research of Anhui Higher Education Institution, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241000, China
| | - Mengfei Lin
- Institute of Biological Resources, Jiangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanchang, 330224, Jiangxi, China
| | - Han Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Hui Song
- College of Grassland Science, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Qingyu Huang
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241000, China
| | - Renrui Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Cheng Song
- College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, West Anhui University, Lu'an, 237012, China
| | - Guohui Li
- College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, West Anhui University, Lu'an, 237012, China
| | - Yunpeng Cao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Center of Economic Botany, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
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3
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Rivai RR, Miyamoto T, Awano T, Yoshinaga A, Chen S, Sugiyama J, Tobimatsu Y, Umezawa T, Kobayashi M. Limiting silicon supply alters lignin content and structures of sorghum seedling cell walls. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 321:111325. [PMID: 35696925 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2022.111325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Sorghum has been recognized as a promising energy crop. The composition and structure of lignin in the cell wall are important factors that affect the quality of plant biomass as a bioenergy feedstock. Silicon (Si) supply may affect the lignin content and structure, as both Si and lignin are possibly involved in plant mechanical strength. However, our understanding regarding the interaction between Si and lignin in sorghum is limited. Therefore, in this study, we analyzed the lignin in the cell walls of sorghum seedlings cultured hydroponically with or without Si supplementation. Limiting the Si supply significantly increased the thioglycolic acid lignin content and thioacidolysis-derived syringyl/guaiacyl monomer ratio. At least part of the modification may be attributable to the change in gene expression, as suggested by the upregulation of phenylpropanoid biosynthesis-related genes under -Si conditions. The cell walls of the -Si plants had a higher mechanical strength and calorific value than those of the +Si plants. These results provide some insights into the enhancement of the value of sorghum biomass as a feedstock for energy production by limiting Si uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Ramdan Rivai
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan; National Research and Innovation Agency of the Republic of Indonesia, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Takuji Miyamoto
- Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Awano
- Division of Forest and Biomaterials Science, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Arata Yoshinaga
- Division of Forest and Biomaterials Science, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shuoye Chen
- Division of Forest and Biomaterials Science, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Junji Sugiyama
- Division of Forest and Biomaterials Science, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yuki Tobimatsu
- Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Umezawa
- Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masaru Kobayashi
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
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4
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Shi L, Chen Y, Hong J, Shen G, Schreiber L, Cohen H, Zhang D, Aharoni A, Shi J. AtMYB31 is a wax regulator associated with reproductive development in Arabidopsis. PLANTA 2022; 256:28. [PMID: 35781548 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-022-03945-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
AtMYB31, a R2R3-MYB transcription factor that modulates wax biosynthesis in reproductive tissues, is involved in seed development in Arabidopsis. R2R3-MYB transcription factors play important roles in plant development; yet, the exact role of each of them remains to be resolved. Here we report that the Arabidopsis AtMYB31 is required for wax biosynthesis in epidermis of reproductive tissues, and is involved in seed development. AtMYB31 was ubiquitously expressed in both vegetative and reproductive tissues with higher expression levels in siliques and seeds, while AtMYB31 was localized to the nucleus and cytoplasm. Loss of function of AtMYB31 reduced wax accumulation in the epidermis of silique and flower tissues, disrupted seed coat epidermal wall development and mucilage production, altered seed proanthocyanidin and polyester content. AtMYB31 could direct activate expressions of several wax biosynthetic target genes. Altogether, AtMYB31, a R2R3-MYB transcription factor, regulates seed development in Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Shi
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Yuqin Chen
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Jun Hong
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Gaodian Shen
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Lukas Schreiber
- Institute of Cellular and Molecular Botany, University of Bonn, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Hagai Cohen
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, 7505101, Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - Dabing Zhang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Asaph Aharoni
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100, Rehovot, Israel.
| | - Jianxin Shi
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
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Llerena JPP, Figueiredo R, Ferreira SS, Cesarino I, Mazzafera P. Isolation of Promoters and Transcription Factors Involved in the Regulation of Lignin Biosynthesis in Saccharum Species. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2469:103-118. [PMID: 35508833 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2185-1_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Sugarcane bagasse has received attention as a raw material for the production of second-generation ethanol (E2G). However, its use is limited because of the cell wall recalcitrance, mostly conferred by lignin. Recently our knowledge of the genes coding for the enzymes of the lignin biosynthesis pathway has increased; however, still little is known about the transcription factors controlling the expression of these genes in sugarcane. Here we describe protocols to optimize the isolation of the promoters of the lignin biosynthetic genes ShCAD8, ShCOMT and ShF5H and the transcription factors (TFs) ShMYB85 and ShMYB58/63 in Saccharum species. To confirm whether these TFs are able to activate the target promoters, a transactivation assay in BY2 protoplasts of Nicotiana tabacum is also detailed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Raquel Figueiredo
- Department of Plant Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences and LAQV Requimte, Sustainable Chemistry, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Sávio Siqueira Ferreira
- BioDiscovery Institute and Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, USA
| | - Igor Cesarino
- Department of Botany, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paulo Mazzafera
- Department of Plant Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil.
- Department of Crop Science, College of Agriculture Luiz de Queiroz, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil.
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6
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Figueiredo R, Llerena JPP, Cardeli BR, Mazzafera P. Visualization of Suberization and Lignification in Sugarcane. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2469:89-102. [PMID: 35508832 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2185-1_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Cell wall biopolymers are major factors responsible for the high recalcitrance of sugarcane biomass. The study of suberization and lignification mechanisms in sugarcane and of the networks that control biosynthesis of these polymers will contribute to the biotechnological improvement of this crop. Here, we describe experiments that allow the visualization of the suberization and lignification mechanism in response to mechanical injury in sugarcane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Figueiredo
- Department of Plant Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences and LAQV Requimte, Sustainable Chemistry, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | | | - Bárbara Rocha Cardeli
- Department of Plant Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Paulo Mazzafera
- Department of Plant Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil.
- Department of Crop Science, College of Agriculture Luiz de Queiroz, University of Sao Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil.
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7
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Qamar Z, Nasir IA, Abouhaidar MG, Hefferon KL, Rao AQ, Latif A, Ali Q, Anwar S, Rashid B, Shahid AA. Novel approaches to circumvent the devastating effects of pests on sugarcane. Sci Rep 2021; 11:12428. [PMID: 34127751 PMCID: PMC8203629 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-91985-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) is a cash crop grown commercially for its higher amounts of sucrose, stored within the mature internodes of the stem. Numerous studies have been done for the resistance development against biotic and abiotic stresses to save the sucrose yields. Quality and yield of sugarcane production is always threatened by the damages of cane borers and weeds. In current study two problems were better addressed through the genetic modification of sugarcane for provision of resistance against insects and weedicide via the expression of two modified cane borer resistant CEMB-Cry1Ac (1.8 kb), CEMB-Cry2A (1.9 kb) and one glyphosate tolerant CEMB-GTGene (1.4 kb) genes, driven by maize Ubiquitin Promoter and nos terminator. Insect Bio-toxicity assays were carried out for the assessment of Cry proteins through mortality percent of shoot borer Chilo infuscatellus at 2nd instar larvae stage. During V0, V1 and V2 generations young leaves from the transgenic sugarcane plants were collected at plant age of 20, 40, 60, 80 days and fed to the Chilo infuscatellus larvae. Up to 100% mortality of Chilo infuscatellus from 80 days old transgenic plants of V2 generation indicated that these transgenic plants were highly resistant against shoot borer and the gene expression level is sufficient to provide complete resistance against target pests. Glyphosate spray assay was carried out for complete removal of weeds. In V1-generation, 70-76% transgenic sugarcane plants were found tolerant against glyphosate spray (3000 mL/ha) under field conditions. While in V2-generation, the replicates of five selected lines 4L/2, 5L/5, 6L/5, L8/4, and L9/6 were found 100% tolerant against 3000 mL/ha glyphosate spray. It is evident from current study that CEMB-GTGene, CEMB-Cry1Ac and CEMB-Cry2A genes expression in sugarcane variety CPF-246 showed an efficient resistance against cane borers (Chilo infuscatellus) and was also highly tolerant against glyphosate spray. The selected transgenic sugarcane lines showed sustainable resistance against cane borer and glyphosate spray can be further exploited at farmer's field level after fulfilling the biosafety requirements to boost the sugarcane production in the country.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahida Qamar
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Idrees Ahmad Nasir
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Mounir G Abouhaidar
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Abdul Qayyum Rao
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ayesha Latif
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Qurban Ali
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Saima Anwar
- Pakistan Biomedical Engineering Centre University of Engineering and Technology, New Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Bushra Rashid
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ahmad Ali Shahid
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
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8
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Hodgson-Kratky K, Perlo V, Furtado A, Choudhary H, Gladden JM, Simmons BA, Botha F, Henry RJ. Association of gene expression with syringyl to guaiacyl ratio in sugarcane lignin. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 106:173-192. [PMID: 33738678 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-021-01136-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
A transcriptome analysis reveals the transcripts and alleles differentially expressed in sugarcane genotypes with contrasting lignin composition. Sugarcane bagasse is a highly abundant resource that may be used as a feedstock for the production of biofuels and bioproducts in order to meet increasing demands for renewable replacements for fossil carbon. However, lignin imparts rigidity to the cell wall that impedes the efficient breakdown of the biomass into fermentable sugars. Altering the ratio of the lignin units, syringyl (S) and guaiacyl (G), which comprise the native lignin polymer in sugarcane, may facilitate the processing of bagasse. This study aimed to identify genes and markers associated with S/G ratio in order to accelerate the development of sugarcane bioenergy varieties with modified lignin composition. The transcriptome sequences of 12 sugarcane genotypes that contrasted for S/G ratio were compared and there were 2019 transcripts identified as differentially expressed (DE) between the high and low S/G ratio groups. These included transcripts encoding possible monolignol biosynthetic pathway enzymes, transporters, dirigent proteins and transcriptional and post-translational regulators. Furthermore, the frequencies of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were compared between the low and high S/G ratio groups to identify specific alleles expressed with the phenotype. There were 2063 SNP loci across 787 unique transcripts that showed group-specific expression. Overall, the DE transcripts and SNP alleles identified in this study may be valuable for breeding sugarcane varieties with altered S/G ratio that may provide desirable bioenergy traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Hodgson-Kratky
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - V Perlo
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - A Furtado
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - H Choudhary
- Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, CA, 94608, USA
- Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA, 94550, USA
| | - J M Gladden
- Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, CA, 94608, USA
- Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA, 94550, USA
| | - B A Simmons
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
- Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, CA, 94608, USA
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - F Botha
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - R J Henry
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia.
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9
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Kong X, Chen L, Wei T, Zhou H, Bai C, Yan X, Miao Z, Xie J, Zhang L. Transcriptome analysis of biological pathways associated with heterosis in Chinese cabbage. Genomics 2020; 112:4732-4741. [PMID: 32798717 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2020.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Chinese cabbage is an important vegetable in Asia, and high-yielding hybrids are needed to cope with the growing demand. A comparative transcriptome profiling was conducted to reveal the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated with heterosis in two hybrids relative to their parents. Our data suggests that heterosis is underlined by a significant upregulation of gene expression. High expression of DEGs in glycolysis and photosynthesis pathways in hybrids depicted their relation with growth and hybrid vigor. Besides, DEGs related to auxin, abscisic acid, ethylene and gibberellin were identified, implying that these hormones may boost the mechanisms of growth and developmental processes in the hybrids. Furthermore, transcription factors, including bHLH, ERF, MYB and WRKY were predicted to regulate downstream genes linked to hybrid vigor. Collectively, the present study will be helpful for a better understanding of the regulation mechanisms of heterosis to aid cabbage yield improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoping Kong
- Horticulture College, Gansu Agricultural University, China; Xining Vegetable Technical Service Center, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Horticulture College, Northwest A & F Sci-tech University, China
| | - Tingzhen Wei
- Xining Vegetable Technical Service Center, China
| | - Hongwei Zhou
- Xining Vegetable Technical Service Center, China
| | | | | | - Zenjian Miao
- Xining Vegetable Technical Service Center, China
| | - Jianming Xie
- Horticulture College, Gansu Agricultural University, China.
| | - Lugang Zhang
- Horticulture College, Northwest A & F Sci-tech University, China.
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10
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Singh V, Kumar N, Dwivedi AK, Sharma R, Sharma MK. Phylogenomic Analysis of R2R3 MYB Transcription Factors in Sorghum and their Role in Conditioning Biofuel Syndrome. Curr Genomics 2020; 21:138-154. [PMID: 32655308 PMCID: PMC7324873 DOI: 10.2174/1389202921666200326152119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Large scale cultivation of sorghum for food, feed, and biofuel requires concerted efforts for engineering multipurpose cultivars with optimised agronomic traits. Due to their vital role in regulating the biosynthesis of phenylpropanoid-derived compounds, biomass composition, biotic, and abiotic stress response, R2R3-MYB family transcription factors are ideal targets for improving environmental resilience and economic value of sorghum. Methods We used diverse computational biology tools to survey the sorghum genome to identify R2R3-MYB transcription factors followed by their structural and phylogenomic analysis. We used in-house generated as well as publicly available high throughput expression data to analyse the R2R3 expression patterns in various sorghum tissue types. Results We have identified a total of 134 R2R3-MYB genes from sorghum and developed a framework to predict gene functions. Collating information from the physical location, duplication, structural analysis, orthologous sequences, phylogeny, and expression patterns revealed the role of duplications in clade-wise expansion of the R2R3-MYB family as well as intra-clade functional diversification. Using publicly available and in-house generated RNA sequencing data, we provide MYB candidates for conditioning biofuel syndrome by engineering phenylpropanoid biosynthesis and sugar signalling pathways in sorghum. Conclusion The results presented here are pivotal to prioritize MYB genes for functional validation and optimize agronomic traits in sorghum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinay Singh
- 1Crop Genetics & Informatics Group, School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Mehrauli Road, New Delhi-110067, India; 2Crop Genetics & Informatics Group, School of Computational & Integrative Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Mehrauli Road, New Delhi-110067, India
| | - Neeraj Kumar
- 1Crop Genetics & Informatics Group, School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Mehrauli Road, New Delhi-110067, India; 2Crop Genetics & Informatics Group, School of Computational & Integrative Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Mehrauli Road, New Delhi-110067, India
| | - Anuj K Dwivedi
- 1Crop Genetics & Informatics Group, School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Mehrauli Road, New Delhi-110067, India; 2Crop Genetics & Informatics Group, School of Computational & Integrative Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Mehrauli Road, New Delhi-110067, India
| | - Rita Sharma
- 1Crop Genetics & Informatics Group, School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Mehrauli Road, New Delhi-110067, India; 2Crop Genetics & Informatics Group, School of Computational & Integrative Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Mehrauli Road, New Delhi-110067, India
| | - Manoj K Sharma
- 1Crop Genetics & Informatics Group, School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Mehrauli Road, New Delhi-110067, India; 2Crop Genetics & Informatics Group, School of Computational & Integrative Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Mehrauli Road, New Delhi-110067, India
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Jardim-Messeder D, da Franca Silva T, Fonseca JP, Junior JN, Barzilai L, Felix-Cordeiro T, Pereira JC, Rodrigues-Ferreira C, Bastos I, da Silva TC, de Abreu Waldow V, Cassol D, Pereira W, Flausino B, Carniel A, Faria J, Moraes T, Cruz FP, Loh R, Van Montagu M, Loureiro ME, de Souza SR, Mangeon A, Sachetto-Martins G. Identification of genes from the general phenylpropanoid and monolignol-specific metabolism in two sugarcane lignin-contrasting genotypes. Mol Genet Genomics 2020; 295:717-739. [PMID: 32124034 DOI: 10.1007/s00438-020-01653-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The phenylpropanoid pathway is an important route of secondary metabolism involved in the synthesis of different phenolic compounds such as phenylpropenes, anthocyanins, stilbenoids, flavonoids, and monolignols. The flux toward monolignol biosynthesis through the phenylpropanoid pathway is controlled by specific genes from at least ten families. Lignin polymer is one of the major components of the plant cell wall and is mainly responsible for recalcitrance to saccharification in ethanol production from lignocellulosic biomass. Here, we identified and characterized sugarcane candidate genes from the general phenylpropanoid and monolignol-specific metabolism through a search of the sugarcane EST databases, phylogenetic analysis, a search for conserved amino acid residues important for enzymatic function, and analysis of expression patterns during culm development in two lignin-contrasting genotypes. Of these genes, 15 were cloned and, when available, their loci were identified using the recently released sugarcane genomes from Saccharum hybrid R570 and Saccharum spontaneum cultivars. Our analysis points out that ShPAL1, ShPAL2, ShC4H4, Sh4CL1, ShHCT1, ShC3H1, ShC3H2, ShCCoAOMT1, ShCOMT1, ShF5H1, ShCCR1, ShCAD2, and ShCAD7 are strong candidates to be bona fide lignin biosynthesis genes. Together, the results provide information about the candidate genes involved in monolignol biosynthesis in sugarcane and may provide useful information for further molecular genetic studies in sugarcane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas Jardim-Messeder
- Laboratório de Genômica Funcional e Transdução de Sinal, Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Tatiane da Franca Silva
- Laboratório de Genômica Funcional e Transdução de Sinal, Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Departamento de Biotecnologia, Escola de Engenharia de Lorena, Universidade de São Paulo, Lorena, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jose Pedro Fonseca
- Laboratório de Genômica Funcional e Transdução de Sinal, Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - José Nicomedes Junior
- Laboratório de Genômica Funcional e Transdução de Sinal, Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Centro de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Leopoldo Américo Miguez de Mello, Gerência de Biotecnologia, CENPES, Petrobras, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Lucia Barzilai
- Laboratório de Genômica Funcional e Transdução de Sinal, Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Thais Felix-Cordeiro
- Laboratório de Genômica Funcional e Transdução de Sinal, Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Joyce Carvalho Pereira
- Laboratório de Genômica Funcional e Transdução de Sinal, Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Clara Rodrigues-Ferreira
- Laboratório de Genômica Funcional e Transdução de Sinal, Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Isabela Bastos
- Laboratório de Genômica Funcional e Transdução de Sinal, Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Tereza Cristina da Silva
- Laboratório de Genômica Funcional e Transdução de Sinal, Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Vinicius de Abreu Waldow
- Centro de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Leopoldo Américo Miguez de Mello, Gerência de Biotecnologia, CENPES, Petrobras, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Daniela Cassol
- Laboratório de Genômica Funcional e Transdução de Sinal, Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Willian Pereira
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Bruno Flausino
- Laboratório de Genômica Funcional e Transdução de Sinal, Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Adriano Carniel
- Laboratório de Genômica Funcional e Transdução de Sinal, Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Centro de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Leopoldo Américo Miguez de Mello, Gerência de Biotecnologia, CENPES, Petrobras, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Jessica Faria
- Laboratório de Genômica Funcional e Transdução de Sinal, Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Thamirys Moraes
- Laboratório de Genômica Funcional e Transdução de Sinal, Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Fernanda P Cruz
- Laboratório de Genômica Funcional e Transdução de Sinal, Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Roberta Loh
- Laboratório de Genômica Funcional e Transdução de Sinal, Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marc Van Montagu
- Institute of Plant Biotechnology Outreach, Gent University, Technologiepark 3, Zwijnaarde, 9052, Gent, Belgium
| | - Marcelo Ehlers Loureiro
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Sonia Regina de Souza
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Amanda Mangeon
- Laboratório de Genômica Funcional e Transdução de Sinal, Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Gilberto Sachetto-Martins
- Laboratório de Genômica Funcional e Transdução de Sinal, Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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12
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Bhatia R, Dalton S, Roberts LA, Moron-Garcia OM, Iacono R, Kosik O, Gallagher JA, Bosch M. Modified expression of ZmMYB167 in Brachypodium distachyon and Zea mays leads to increased cell wall lignin and phenolic content. Sci Rep 2019; 9:8800. [PMID: 31217516 PMCID: PMC6584667 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-45225-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the challenges to enable targeted modification of lignocellulosic biomass from grasses for improved biofuel and biochemical production lies within our limited understanding of the transcriptional control of secondary cell wall biosynthesis. Here, we investigated the role of the maize MYB transcription factor ZmMYB167 in secondary cell wall biosynthesis and how modified ZmMYB167 expression in two distinct grass model species affects plant biomass and growth phenotypes. Heterologous expression of ZmMYB167 in the C3 model system Brachypodium led to mild dwarf phenotypes, increased lignin (~7% to 13%) and S-lignin monomer (~11% to 16%) content, elevated concentrations of cell wall-bound p-coumaric acid (~15% to 24%) and reduced biomass sugar release (~20%) compared to controls. Overexpression of ZmMYB167 in the C4 model system Zea mays increased lignin (~4% to 13%), p-coumaric acid (~8% to 52%) and ferulic acid (~13% to 38%) content but did not affect plant growth and development nor biomass recalcitrance. Taken together, modifying ZmMYB167 expression represents a target to alter lignin and phenolic content in grasses. The ZmMYB167 expression-induced discrepancies in plant phenotypic and biomass properties between the two grass model systems highlight the challenges and opportunities for MYB transcription factor-based genetic engineering approaches of grass biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh Bhatia
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences (IBERS), Aberystwyth University, Plas Gogerddan, Aberystwyth, SY23 3EE, UK.
| | - Sue Dalton
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences (IBERS), Aberystwyth University, Plas Gogerddan, Aberystwyth, SY23 3EE, UK
| | - Luned A Roberts
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences (IBERS), Aberystwyth University, Plas Gogerddan, Aberystwyth, SY23 3EE, UK
| | - Odin M Moron-Garcia
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences (IBERS), Aberystwyth University, Plas Gogerddan, Aberystwyth, SY23 3EE, UK
| | - Rosario Iacono
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences (IBERS), Aberystwyth University, Plas Gogerddan, Aberystwyth, SY23 3EE, UK
| | - Ondrej Kosik
- Rothamsted Research, West Common, Harpenden, Hertfordshire, AL5 2JQ, UK
| | - Joe A Gallagher
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences (IBERS), Aberystwyth University, Plas Gogerddan, Aberystwyth, SY23 3EE, UK
| | - Maurice Bosch
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences (IBERS), Aberystwyth University, Plas Gogerddan, Aberystwyth, SY23 3EE, UK.
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13
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Miyamoto T, Takada R, Tobimatsu Y, Takeda Y, Suzuki S, Yamamura M, Osakabe K, Osakabe Y, Sakamoto M, Umezawa T. OsMYB108 loss-of-function enriches p-coumaroylated and tricin lignin units in rice cell walls. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2019; 98:975-987. [PMID: 30773774 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.14290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Revised: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Breeding approaches to enrich lignins in biomass could be beneficial to improving the biorefinery process because lignins increase biomass heating value and represent a potent source of valuable aromatic chemicals. However, despite the fact that grasses are promising lignocellulose feedstocks, limited information is yet available for molecular-breeding approaches to upregulate lignin biosynthesis in grass species. In this study, we generated lignin-enriched transgenic rice (Oryza sativa), a model grass species, via targeted mutagenesis of the transcriptional repressor OsMYB108 using CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing. The OsMYB108-knockout rice mutants displayed increased expressions of lignin biosynthetic genes and enhanced lignin deposition in culm cell walls. Chemical and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analyses revealed that the mutant cell walls were preferentially enriched in γ-p-coumaroylated and tricin lignin units, both of which are typical and unique components in grass lignins. NMR analysis also showed that the relative abundances of major lignin linkage types were altered in the OsMYB108 mutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuji Miyamoto
- Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Rie Takada
- Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Yuki Tobimatsu
- Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Yuri Takeda
- Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Shiro Suzuki
- Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Masaomi Yamamura
- Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Keishi Osakabe
- Faculty of Bioscience and Bioindustry, Tokushima University, Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Yuriko Osakabe
- Faculty of Bioscience and Bioindustry, Tokushima University, Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Masahiro Sakamoto
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Umezawa
- Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
- Research Unit for Development of Global Sustainability, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
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14
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Abstract
We used primers designed on conserved gene regions of several species to isolate the most expressed genes of the lignin pathway in four Saccharum species. S. officinarum and S. barberi have more sucrose in the culms than S. spontaneum and S. robustum, but less polysaccharides and lignin in the cell wall. S. spontaneum, and S. robustum had the lowest S/G ratio and a lower rate of saccharification in mature internodes. Surprisingly, except for CAD, 4CL, and CCoAOMT for which we found three, two, and two genes, respectively, only one gene was found for the other enzymes and their sequences were highly similar among the species. S. spontaneum had the highest expression for most genes. CCR and CCoAOMT B presented the highest expression; 4CL and F5H showed increased expression in mature tissues; C3H and CCR had higher expression in S. spontaneum, and one of the CADs isolated (CAD B) had higher expression in S. officinarum. The similarity among the most expressed genes isolated from these species was unexpected and indicated that lignin biosynthesis is conserved in Saccharum including commercial varieties Thus the lignin biosynthesis control in sugarcane may be only fully understood with the knowledge of the promotor region of each gene.
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15
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Baxter HL, Mazarei M, Dumitrache A, Natzke JM, Rodriguez M, Gou J, Fu C, Sykes RW, Turner GB, Davis MF, Brown SD, Davison BH, Wang Z, Stewart CN. Transgenic miR156 switchgrass in the field: growth, recalcitrance and rust susceptibility. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2018; 16:39-49. [PMID: 28436149 PMCID: PMC5785337 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.12747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Revised: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Sustainable utilization of lignocellulosic perennial grass feedstocks will be enabled by high biomass production and optimized cell wall chemistry for efficient conversion into biofuels. MicroRNAs are regulatory elements that modulate the expression of genes involved in various biological functions in plants, including growth and development. In greenhouse studies, overexpressing a microRNA (miR156) gene in switchgrass had dramatic effects on plant architecture and flowering, which appeared to be driven by transgene expression levels. High expressing lines were extremely dwarfed, whereas low and moderate-expressing lines had higher biomass yields, improved sugar release and delayed flowering. Four lines with moderate or low miR156 overexpression from the prior greenhouse study were selected for a field experiment to assess the relationship between miR156 expression and biomass production over three years. We also analysed important bioenergy feedstock traits such as flowering, disease resistance, cell wall chemistry and biofuel production. Phenotypes of the transgenic lines were inconsistent between the greenhouse and the field as well as among different field growing seasons. One low expressing transgenic line consistently produced more biomass (25%-56%) than the control across all three seasons, which translated to the production of 30% more biofuel per plant during the final season. The other three transgenic lines produced less biomass than the control by the final season, and the two lines with moderate expression levels also exhibited altered disease susceptibilities. Results of this study emphasize the importance of performing multiyear field studies for plants with altered regulatory transgenes that target plant growth and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holly L. Baxter
- Department of Plant SciencesUniversity of TennesseeKnoxvilleTNUSA
- BioEnergy Science Center (BESC)Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTNUSA
| | - Mitra Mazarei
- Department of Plant SciencesUniversity of TennesseeKnoxvilleTNUSA
- BioEnergy Science Center (BESC)Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTNUSA
| | - Alexandru Dumitrache
- BioEnergy Science Center (BESC)Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTNUSA
- Biosciences DivisionOak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTNUSA
| | - Jace M. Natzke
- BioEnergy Science Center (BESC)Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTNUSA
- Biosciences DivisionOak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTNUSA
| | - Miguel Rodriguez
- BioEnergy Science Center (BESC)Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTNUSA
- Biosciences DivisionOak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTNUSA
| | - Jiqing Gou
- BioEnergy Science Center (BESC)Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTNUSA
- Samuel Roberts Noble FoundationArdmoreOKUSA
| | - Chunxiang Fu
- BioEnergy Science Center (BESC)Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTNUSA
- Samuel Roberts Noble FoundationArdmoreOKUSA
| | - Robert W. Sykes
- BioEnergy Science Center (BESC)Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTNUSA
- National Renewable Energy LaboratoryGoldenCOUSA
| | - Geoffrey B. Turner
- BioEnergy Science Center (BESC)Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTNUSA
- National Renewable Energy LaboratoryGoldenCOUSA
| | - Mark F. Davis
- BioEnergy Science Center (BESC)Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTNUSA
- National Renewable Energy LaboratoryGoldenCOUSA
| | - Steven D. Brown
- BioEnergy Science Center (BESC)Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTNUSA
- Biosciences DivisionOak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTNUSA
| | - Brian H. Davison
- BioEnergy Science Center (BESC)Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTNUSA
- Biosciences DivisionOak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTNUSA
| | - Zeng‐Yu Wang
- BioEnergy Science Center (BESC)Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTNUSA
- Samuel Roberts Noble FoundationArdmoreOKUSA
| | - C. Neal Stewart
- Department of Plant SciencesUniversity of TennesseeKnoxvilleTNUSA
- BioEnergy Science Center (BESC)Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTNUSA
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16
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Bhatia R, Gallagher JA, Gomez LD, Bosch M. Genetic engineering of grass cell wall polysaccharides for biorefining. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2017; 15:1071-1092. [PMID: 28557198 PMCID: PMC5552484 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.12764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Revised: 05/17/2017] [Accepted: 05/24/2017] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Grasses represent an abundant and widespread source of lignocellulosic biomass, which has yet to fulfil its potential as a feedstock for biorefining into renewable and sustainable biofuels and commodity chemicals. The inherent recalcitrance of lignocellulosic materials to deconstruction is the most crucial limitation for the commercial viability and economic feasibility of biomass biorefining. Over the last decade, the targeted genetic engineering of grasses has become more proficient, enabling rational approaches to modify lignocellulose with the aim of making it more amenable to bioconversion. In this review, we provide an overview of transgenic strategies and targets to tailor grass cell wall polysaccharides for biorefining applications. The bioengineering efforts and opportunities summarized here rely primarily on (A) reprogramming gene regulatory networks responsible for the biosynthesis of lignocellulose, (B) remodelling the chemical structure and substitution patterns of cell wall polysaccharides and (C) expressing lignocellulose degrading and/or modifying enzymes in planta. It is anticipated that outputs from the rational engineering of grass cell wall polysaccharides by such strategies could help in realizing an economically sustainable, grass-derived lignocellulose processing industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh Bhatia
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences (IBERS)Aberystwyth UniversityAberystwythUK
| | - Joe A. Gallagher
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences (IBERS)Aberystwyth UniversityAberystwythUK
| | | | - Maurice Bosch
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences (IBERS)Aberystwyth UniversityAberystwythUK
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17
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Biotechnological Strategies to Improve Plant Biomass Quality for Bioethanol Production. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:7824076. [PMID: 28951875 PMCID: PMC5603102 DOI: 10.1155/2017/7824076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Revised: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The transition from an economy dependent on nonrenewable energy sources to one with higher diversity of renewables will not be a simple process. It requires an important research effort to adapt to the dynamics of the changing energy market, sort costly processes, and avoid overlapping with social interest markets such as food and livestock production. In this review, we analyze the desirable traits of raw plant materials for the bioethanol industry and the molecular biotechnology strategies employed to improve them, in either plants already under use (as maize) or proposed species (large grass families). The fundamentals of these applications can be found in the mechanisms by which plants have evolved different pathways to manage carbon resources for reproduction or survival in unexpected conditions. Here, we review the means by which this information can be used to manipulate these mechanisms for commercial uses, including saccharification improvement of starch and cellulose, decrease in cell wall recalcitrance through lignin modification, and increase in plant biomass.
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