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Carone M, Malaguti M, Zanetti M, Tiraferri A, Riggio VA. Towards sustainable water management for Galdieria sulphuraria cultivation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 950:175267. [PMID: 39102949 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.175267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
The red microalga Galdieria sulphuraria has emerged as a promising biotechnological platform for large-scale cultivation and production of high-value compounds, such as the blue pigment phycocyanin. However, a large amount of freshwater and a substantial supply of nutrients challenge both the environmental and the economic sustainability of algal cultivation. Additionally, the extremophilic nature of Galdieria sulphuraria requires cultivation in an acidic culture medium that directly leads to strongly acidic wastewater, which in turn generally exceeds legal limits for industrial wastewater discharge. This research aims to address these challenges, by investigating cultivation water reuse as a strategy to reduce the impacts of Galdieria sulphuraria management. The results indicated that a 25 % water reuse may be easily implemented and showed to be effective at the pilot scale, providing no significant changes in microalgae growth (biomass productivity ~0.21 g L-1 d-1) or in phycocyanin accumulation (~ 10.8 % w/w) after three consecutive cultivation cycles in reused water. Moreover, a single cultivation cycle with water reuse percentages of 71 and 98 %, achieved with membrane filtration and with centrifugation, respectively, was also successful (biomass productivity ~0.24 g L-1 d-1). These findings encourage freshwater reuse implementations in the microalgae sector and support further investigations focusing on coupling cultivation and harvesting in continuous, real-scale configurations. Centrifugation and membrane filtration required substantially different specific electrical energy consumption for water reuse and biomass concentration: in real applications, the former technique would roughly span from 1 to 10 kWh m-3 while the latter is expected to fall within the ample range 0.1-100 kWh m-3, strongly dependent on system size. For this reason, the most suitable separation train should be chosen on a case-by-case basis, considering the prevailing flow rate and the target biomass concentration factor targeted by the separation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Carone
- Department of Environment, Land and Infrastructure Engineering - DIATI, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi, 24, 10129 Torino, Italy
| | - M Malaguti
- Department of Environment, Land and Infrastructure Engineering - DIATI, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi, 24, 10129 Torino, Italy
| | - M Zanetti
- Department of Environment, Land and Infrastructure Engineering - DIATI, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi, 24, 10129 Torino, Italy
| | - A Tiraferri
- Department of Environment, Land and Infrastructure Engineering - DIATI, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi, 24, 10129 Torino, Italy
| | - V A Riggio
- Department of Environment, Land and Infrastructure Engineering - DIATI, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi, 24, 10129 Torino, Italy.
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Xu P, Shao S, Qian J, Li J, Xu R, Liu J, Zhou W. Scale-up of microalgal systems for decarbonization and bioproducts: Challenges and opportunities. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 398:130528. [PMID: 38437968 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.130528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
The threat of global climate change presents a significant challenge for humanity. Microalgae-based carbon capture and utilization (CCU) technology has emerged as a promising solution to this global issue. This review aims to comprehensively evaluate the current advancements in scale-up of microalgae cultivation and its applications, specifically focusing on decarbonization from flue gases, organic wastewater remediation, and biogas upgrading. The study identifies critical challenges that need to be addressed during the scale-up process and evaluates the economic viability of microalgal CCU within the carbon market. Additionally, it analyzes the commercial status of microalgae-derived products and highlights those with high market demand. This review serves as a crucial resource for researchers, industry professionals, and policymakers to develop and implement innovative approaches to enhance the efficiency of microalgae-based CO2 utilization while addressing the challenges associated with the scale-up of microalgae technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peilun Xu
- Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization, Ministry of Education, and Center for Algae Innovation & Engineering Research, School of Resources & Environment, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China.
| | - Shengxi Shao
- Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization, Ministry of Education, and Center for Algae Innovation & Engineering Research, School of Resources & Environment, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China.
| | - Jun Qian
- Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization, Ministry of Education, and Center for Algae Innovation & Engineering Research, School of Resources & Environment, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China.
| | - Jingjing Li
- Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization, Ministry of Education, and Center for Algae Innovation & Engineering Research, School of Resources & Environment, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China.
| | - Rui Xu
- Jiangxi Ganneng Co., Ltd, Nanchang 330096, China.
| | - Jin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization, Ministry of Education, and Center for Algae Innovation & Engineering Research, School of Resources & Environment, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China.
| | - Wenguang Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization, Ministry of Education, and Center for Algae Innovation & Engineering Research, School of Resources & Environment, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China.
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Jwa E, Na OS, Jeung YC, Jeong N, Nam JY, Lee S. Recycling of nutrient medium to improve productivity in large-scale microalgal culture using a hybrid electrochemical water treatment system. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 246:120683. [PMID: 37801985 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.120683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
Recycling and reusing of nutrient media in microalgal cultivation are important strategies to reduce water consumption and nutrient costs. However, these approaches have limitations, e.g., a decrease in biomass production, (because as reused media can inhibit biomass growth). To address these limitations, we applied a novel membrane filtration‒electrolysis‒ultraviolet hybrid water treatment method capable of laboratory-to-large-scale operation to increase biomass productivity and enable nutrient medium disinfection and recycling. In laboratory-scale experiments, electrolysis effectively remove the biological contaminants from the spent nutrient medium, resulting in a high on-site removal efficiency of dissolved organic carbon (DOC; 80.3 ± 5 %) and disinfection (99.5 ± 0.2 %). Compared to the results for the recycling of nutrient medium without water treatment, electrolysis resulted in a 1.5-fold increase in biomass production, which was attributable to the removal of biological inhibitors from electrochemically produced oxidants (mainly OCl-). In scaled-up applications, the hybrid system improved the quality of the recycled nutrient medium, with 85 ± 2 % turbidity removal, 75 ± 3 % DOC removal, and 99.5 ± 2 % disinfection efficiency, which was beneficial for biomass growth by removing biological inhibitors. After applying the hybrid water treatment method, we achieved a Spirulina biomass production of 0.47 ± 0.03 g L-1, similar to that obtained using a fresh medium (0.53 ± 0.02 g L-1). The on-site disinfection process described herein is practical and offers a cost-saving and environmental friendly alternative for nutrient medium recycling and reusing water in mass and sustainable cultivation of microalgae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunjin Jwa
- Jeju Global Research Center, Korea Institute of Energy Research, 200 Haemajihaean-ro, Gujwa-eup, Jeju 63359, Republic of Korea.
| | - Oh Soo Na
- B.ROOT.LAB Limited Company, 10 Sancheondandong-gil, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon-Cheul Jeung
- Jeju Global Research Center, Korea Institute of Energy Research, 200 Haemajihaean-ro, Gujwa-eup, Jeju 63359, Republic of Korea
| | - Namjo Jeong
- Jeju Global Research Center, Korea Institute of Energy Research, 200 Haemajihaean-ro, Gujwa-eup, Jeju 63359, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo-Youn Nam
- Jeju Global Research Center, Korea Institute of Energy Research, 200 Haemajihaean-ro, Gujwa-eup, Jeju 63359, Republic of Korea
| | - Sekyung Lee
- B.ROOT.LAB Limited Company, 10 Sancheondandong-gil, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea
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Gu D, Xiao Q, Zhao Y, Yu X. A low-cost technique for biodiesel production in Ankistrodesmus sp. EHY by using harvested microalgal effluent. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 857:159461. [PMID: 36257437 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The present study aims to use Ankistrodesmus sp. EHY to develop a viable and economic lipid production strategy using recycling of harvested microalgal effluent. In comparison to the control, the highest lipid content (52.4 %) and productivity (250.72 mg L-1 d-1) were achieved when 40 % recycled medium was used. Consistent with the trend of lipid accumulation, the six key lipogenetic genes were upregulated, as well as reactive oxygen species (ROS), glutathione (GSH) and genes encoding antioxidant enzymes during cultivation in recycled medium. Moreover, the consumption of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and the increased humic acid (HA) in the recycled medium might also be associated with lipid biosynthesis. The biodiesel parameters of alga biomass-derived lipids were fitted to the standard of commercial biodiesel. In conclusion, this study offers an economically viable strategy for microalgal biofuel production and wastewater treatment using recycling of harvested microalgal effluent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Gu
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Qiu Xiao
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Yongteng Zhao
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China.
| | - Xuya Yu
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China.
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Wu M, Wu G, Lu F, Wang H, Lei A, Wang J. Microalgal photoautotrophic growth induces pH decrease in the aquatic environment by acidic metabolites secretion. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS AND BIOPRODUCTS 2022; 15:115. [PMID: 36289523 PMCID: PMC9608927 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-022-02212-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microalgae can absorb CO2 during photosynthesis, which causes the aquatic environmental pH to rise. However, the pH is reduced when microalga Euglena gracilis (EG) is cultivated under photoautotrophic conditions. The mechanism behind this unique phenomenon is not yet elucidated. RESULTS The present study evaluated the growth of EG, compared to Chlorella vulgaris (CV), as the control group; analyzed the dissolved organic matter (DOM) in the aquatic environment; finally revealed the mechanism of the decrease in the aquatic environmental pH via comparative metabolomics analysis. Although the CV cell density was 28.3-fold that of EG, the secreted-DOM content from EG cell was 49.8-fold that of CV (p-value < 0.001). The main component of EG's DOM was rich in humic acids, which contained more DOM composed of chemical bonds such as N-H, O-H, C-H, C=O, C-O-C, and C-OH than that of CV. Essentially, the 24 candidate biomarkers metabolites secreted by EG into the aquatic environment were acidic substances, mainly lipids and lipid-like molecules, organoheterocyclic compounds, organic acids, and derivatives. Moreover, six potential critical secreted-metabolic pathways were identified. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated that EG secreted acidic metabolites, resulting in decreased aquatic environmental pH. This study provides novel insights into a new understanding of the ecological niche of EG and the rule of pH change in the microalgae aquatic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingcan Wu
- grid.263488.30000 0001 0472 9649Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource and Eco-Environmental Science, Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Marine Algal Biotechnology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060 China ,grid.428986.90000 0001 0373 6302State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, College of Oceanology, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228 China
| | - Guimei Wu
- grid.428986.90000 0001 0373 6302State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, College of Oceanology, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228 China
| | - Feimiao Lu
- grid.428986.90000 0001 0373 6302State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, College of Oceanology, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228 China
| | - Hongxia Wang
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309Center for Microalgal Biotechnology and Biofuels, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072 China
| | - Anping Lei
- grid.263488.30000 0001 0472 9649Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource and Eco-Environmental Science, Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Marine Algal Biotechnology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060 China
| | - Jiangxin Wang
- grid.263488.30000 0001 0472 9649Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource and Eco-Environmental Science, Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Marine Algal Biotechnology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060 China
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Popa DG, Lupu C, Constantinescu-Aruxandei D, Oancea F. Humic Substances as Microalgal Biostimulants—Implications for Microalgal Biotechnology. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:md20050327. [PMID: 35621978 PMCID: PMC9143693 DOI: 10.3390/md20050327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Humic substances (HS) act as biostimulants for terrestrial photosynthetic organisms. Their effects on plants are related to specific HS features: pH and redox buffering activities, (pseudo)emulsifying and surfactant characteristics, capacity to bind metallic ions and to encapsulate labile hydrophobic molecules, ability to adsorb to the wall structures of cells. The specific properties of HS result from the complexity of their supramolecular structure. This structure is more dynamic in aqueous solutions/suspensions than in soil, which enhances the specific characteristics of HS. Therefore, HS effects on microalgae are more pronounced than on terrestrial plants. The reported HS effects on microalgae include increased ionic nutrient availability, improved protection against abiotic stress, including against various chemical pollutants and ionic species of potentially toxic elements, higher accumulation of value-added ingredients, and enhanced bio-flocculation. These HS effects are similar to those on terrestrial plants and could be considered microalgal biostimulant effects. Such biostimulant effects are underutilized in current microalgal biotechnology. This review presents knowledge related to interactions between microalgae and humic substances and analyzes the potential of HS to enhance the productivity and profitability of microalgal biotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daria Gabriela Popa
- Faculty of Biotechnologies, University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, Mărăști Blv, No. 59, Sector 1, 011464 Bucharest, Romania;
- Bioproducts Team, Bioresources Department, National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry—ICECHIM, Splaiul Independenței No. 202, Sector 6, 060021 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Carmen Lupu
- Bioproducts Team, Bioresources Department, National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry—ICECHIM, Splaiul Independenței No. 202, Sector 6, 060021 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Diana Constantinescu-Aruxandei
- Bioproducts Team, Bioresources Department, National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry—ICECHIM, Splaiul Independenței No. 202, Sector 6, 060021 Bucharest, Romania;
- Correspondence: (D.C.-A.); (F.O.)
| | - Florin Oancea
- Faculty of Biotechnologies, University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, Mărăști Blv, No. 59, Sector 1, 011464 Bucharest, Romania;
- Bioproducts Team, Bioresources Department, National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry—ICECHIM, Splaiul Independenței No. 202, Sector 6, 060021 Bucharest, Romania;
- Correspondence: (D.C.-A.); (F.O.)
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Gemünde A, Lai B, Pause L, Krömer J, Holtmann D. Redox mediators in microbial electrochemical systems. ChemElectroChem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.202200216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- André Gemünde
- Technische Hochschule Mittelhessen Institute of Bioprocess Engineering and Pharmaceutical Technology Wiesenstraße 14 35390 Gießen GERMANY
| | - Bin Lai
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research UFZ Department of Environmental Microbiology: Helmholtz-Zentrum fur Umweltforschung UFZ Abteilung Umweltmikrobiologie Systems Biotechnology 04318 Leipzig GERMANY
| | - Laura Pause
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research UFZ Environmental Engineering and Biotechnology Research Unit: Helmholtz-Zentrum fur Umweltforschung UFZ Themenbereich Umwelt- und Biotechnologie Systems Biotechnology 04318 Leipzig GERMANY
| | - Jens Krömer
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research UFZ Environmental Engineering and Biotechnology Research Unit: Helmholtz-Zentrum fur Umweltforschung UFZ Themenbereich Umwelt- und Biotechnologie Systems Biotechnology 04318 Leipzig GERMANY
| | - Dirk Holtmann
- Technische Hochschule Mittelhessen IBPT Wiesenstrasse 14 35390 Giessen GERMANY
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Chen Z, Chen Y, Zhang H, Qin H, He J, Zheng Z, Zhao L, Lei A, Wang J. Evaluation of Euglena gracilis 815 as a New Candidate for Biodiesel Production. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:827513. [PMID: 35402390 PMCID: PMC8990129 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.827513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Euglena comprises over 200 species, of which Euglena gracilis is a model organism with a relatively high fatty acid content, making it an excellent potential source of biodiesel. This study isolated and characterized a new strain named E. gracilis 815. E. gracilis 815 cells were cultivated under light and dark conditions, with either ethanol or glucose as an external carbon source and an autotrophic medium as control. To achieve maximum active substances within a short period i.e., 6 days, the effects of the light condition and carbon source on the accumulation of bioactive ingredients of E. gracilis 815 were explored, especially fatty acids. In comparison with the industrially used E. gracilis Z strain, E. gracilis 815 exhibited high adaptability to different carbon sources and light conditions, with a comparable biomass and lipid yield. The content and composition of fatty acids of E. gracilis 815 were further determined to assess its potential for biodiesel use. Results suggested that E. gracilis 815 has biodiesel potential under glucose addition in dark culture conditions and could be a promising source for producing unsaturated fatty acids. Therefore, E. gracilis 815 is a candidate for short-chain jet fuel, with prospects for a wide variety of applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixi Chen
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Eco-environmental Science, Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Marine Algal Biotechnology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yehua Chen
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Eco-environmental Science, Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Marine Algal Biotechnology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Eco-environmental Science, Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Marine Algal Biotechnology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Academy of Environmental Science, Shenzhen, China
| | - Huan Qin
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Eco-environmental Science, Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Marine Algal Biotechnology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jiayi He
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Eco-environmental Science, Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Marine Algal Biotechnology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zezhou Zheng
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Eco-environmental Science, Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Marine Algal Biotechnology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Liqing Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Anping Lei
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Eco-environmental Science, Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Marine Algal Biotechnology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jiangxin Wang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Eco-environmental Science, Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Marine Algal Biotechnology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- *Correspondence: Jiangxin Wang,
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Bui-Xuan D, Tang DYY, Chew KW, Nguyen TDP, Le Ho H, Tran TNT, Nguyen-Sy T, Dinh THT, Nguyen PS, Dinh TMH, Nguyen TT, Show PL. Green biorefinery: Microalgae-bacteria microbiome on tolerance investigations in plants. J Biotechnol 2022; 343:120-127. [PMID: 34896159 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2021.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Co-culture of microalgae and microorganisms, supported with the resulting synergistic effects, can be used for wastewater treatment, biomass production, agricultural applications and etc. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the role of Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis) in tolerance against the harsh environment of seafood wastewater, at which these microalgal-bacterial flocs were formed by microalgae cultivation. In this present study, B. subtilis isolated from the cultivation medium of Chlorella vulgaris and exposed to different salinity (0.1-4% w/v sodium chloride) and various pH range to determine the tolerant ability and biofilm formation. Interestingly, this bacteria strain that isolated from microalgae cultivation medium showed the intense viability in the salt concentration exceeding up to 4% (w/v) NaCl but demonstrated the decrease in cell division as environmental culture undergoing over pH 10. Cell viability was recorded higher than 71% and 92% for B. subtilis inoculum in media with salt concentration greater than 20 gL-1 and external pH 6.5-9, respectively. This showed that B. subtilis isolated from microalgal-bacteria cocultivation exhibited its tolerant ability to survive in the extremely harsh conditions and thus, mitigating the stresses due to salinity and pH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Bui-Xuan
- The University of Danang, University of Science and Technology, 54 Nguyen Luong Bang St., Danang 550 000, Viet Nam
| | - Doris Ying Ying Tang
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Jalan Broga, 43500 Semenyih, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Kit Wayne Chew
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Malaysia, Jalan Sunsuria, Bandar Sunsuria, 43900 Sepang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, Fujian, China.
| | - Thi Dong Phuong Nguyen
- The University of Danang, University of Technology and Education, 48 Cao Thang St., Danang 550 000, Viet Nam.
| | - Han Le Ho
- Biological Resource Center/Korean Collection for Type Cultures (KCTC), Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeonbuk 56212, Republic of Korea; University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Thi Ngoc Thu Tran
- The University of Danang, University of Technology and Education, 48 Cao Thang St., Danang 550 000, Viet Nam
| | - Toan Nguyen-Sy
- The University of Danang, University of Technology and Education, 48 Cao Thang St., Danang 550 000, Viet Nam
| | - Thi Ha Thuong Dinh
- The University of Danang, University of Science and Education, 459 Ton Duc Thang St., Danang 550 000, Viet Nam
| | - Phuc Son Nguyen
- The University of Danang, University of Technology and Education, 48 Cao Thang St., Danang 550 000, Viet Nam
| | - Thi My Huong Dinh
- The University of Danang, University of Technology and Education, 48 Cao Thang St., Danang 550 000, Viet Nam
| | - Thanh Thuy Nguyen
- National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, 01 Yecxanh St, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Pau Loke Show
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Jalan Broga, 43500 Semenyih, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
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