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Jinato T, Anuntakarun S, Satthawiwat N, Chuaypen N, Tangkijvanich P. Distinct alterations of gut microbiota between viral- and non-viral-related hepatocellular carcinoma. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:34. [PMID: 38183473 PMCID: PMC10771587 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12845-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
Altered gut microbiota has been connected to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) occurrence and advancement. This study was conducted to identify a gut microbiota signature in differentiating between viral-related HCC (Viral-HCC) and non-hepatitis B-, non-hepatitis C-related HCC (NBNC-HCC). Fecal specimens were obtained from 16 healthy controls, 33 patients with viral-HCC (17 and 16 cases with hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, respectively), and 18 patients with NBNC-HCC. Compositions of fecal microbiota were assessed by 16S rRNA sequencing. Bioinformatic analysis was performed by the DADA2 pipeline in the R program. Significantly different genera from the top 50 relative abundance were used to classify between subgroups of HCC by the Random Forest algorithm. Our data demonstrated that the HCC group had a significantly decreased alpha-diversity and changed microbial composition in comparison with healthy controls. Within the top 50 relative abundance, there were 11 genera including Faecalibacterium, Agathobacter, and Coprococcus that were significantly enhanced in Viral-HCC, while 5 genera such as Bacteroides, Streptococcus, Ruminococcus gnavus group, Parabacteroides, and Erysipelatoclostridium were enhanced in NBNC-HCC. Compared to Viral-HCC, the NBNC-HCC subgroup significantly reduced various short-chain fatty acid-producing bacteria, as well as declined fecal butyrate but elevated plasma surrogate markers of microbial translocation. Based on the machine learning algorithm, a high diagnostic accuracy to classify HCC subgroups was achieved with an area under the receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) of 0.94. Collectively, these data revealed that gut dysbiosis was distinct according to etiological factors of HCC, which might play an essential role in hepatocarcinogenesis. These findings underscore the possible use of a gut microbiota signature for the diagnosis and therapeutic approaches regarding different subgroups of HCC. KEY POINTS: • Gut dysbiosis is connected to hepatocarcinogenesis and can be used as a novel biomarker. • Gut microbiota composition is significantly altered in different etiological factors of HCC. • Microbiota-based signature can accurately distinguish between Viral-HCC and NBNC-HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thananya Jinato
- Center of Excellence in Hepatitis and Liver Cancer, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
- Doctor of Philosophy Program in Medical Sciences, Graduate Affairs, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Songtham Anuntakarun
- Center of Excellence in Hepatitis and Liver Cancer, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Nantawat Satthawiwat
- Center of Excellence in Hepatitis and Liver Cancer, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Natthaya Chuaypen
- Center of Excellence in Hepatitis and Liver Cancer, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
| | - Pisit Tangkijvanich
- Center of Excellence in Hepatitis and Liver Cancer, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
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2
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Guo Y, Ren C, He Y, Wu Y, Yang X. Deciphering the spatiotemporal transcriptional landscape of intestinal diseases (Review). Mol Med Rep 2024; 30:157. [PMID: 38994768 PMCID: PMC11258600 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2024.13281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The intestines are the largest barrier organ in the human body. The intestinal barrier plays a crucial role in maintaining the balance of the intestinal environment and protecting the intestines from harmful bacterial invasion. Single‑cell RNA sequencing technology allows the detection of the different cell types in the intestine in two dimensions and the exploration of cell types that have not been fully characterized. The intestinal mucosa is highly complex in structure, and its proper functioning is linked to multiple structures in the proximal‑distal intestinal and luminal‑mucosal axes. Spatial localization is at the core of the efforts to explore the interactions between the complex structures. Spatial transcriptomics (ST) is a method that allows for comprehensive tissue analysis and the acquisition of spatially separated genetic information from individual cells, while preserving their spatial location and interactions. This approach also prevents the loss of fragile cells during tissue disaggregation. The emergence of ST technology allows us to spatially dissect enzymatic processes and interactions between multiple cells, genes, proteins and signals in the intestine. This includes the exchange of oxygen and nutrients in the intestine, different gradients of microbial populations and the role of extracellular matrix proteins. This regionally precise approach to tissue studies is gaining more acceptance and is increasingly applied in the investigation of disease mechanisms related to the gastrointestinal tract. Therefore, this review summarized the application of ST in gastrointestinal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajing Guo
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 610075, P.R. China
| | - Chao Ren
- Graduate School, Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, P.R. China
| | - Yuxi He
- Department of Digestive Medicine, Chongqing City Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing 400021, P.R. China
| | - Yue Wu
- Department of Digestive Medicine, Chongqing City Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing 400021, P.R. China
| | - Xiaojun Yang
- Department of Digestive Medicine, Chongqing City Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing 400021, P.R. China
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Xu Y, Le J, Qin J, Zhang Y, Yang J, Chen Z, Li C, Qian X, Zhang A. Decoding the microbiota metabolome in hepatobiliary and pancreatic cancers: Pathways to precision diagnostics and targeted therapeutics. Pharmacol Res 2024; 208:107364. [PMID: 39181345 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 07/31/2024] [Accepted: 08/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
We delve into the critical role of the gut microbiota and its metabolites in the pathogenesis and progression of hepatobiliary and pancreatic (HBP) cancers, illuminating an urgent need for breakthroughs in diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. Given the high mortality rates associated with HBP cancers, which are attributed to aggressive recurrence, metastasis, and poor responses to chemotherapy, exploring microbiome research presents a promising frontier. This research highlights how microbial metabolites, including secondary bile acids, short-chain fatty acids, and lipopolysaccharides, crucially influence cancer cell behaviors such as proliferation, apoptosis, and immune evasion, significantly contributing to the oncogenesis and progression of HBP cancers. By integrating the latest findings, we discuss the association of microbial alterations with HBP cancers, key metabolites, and their implications, and how metabolomics and microbiomics can enhance diagnostic precision. Furthermore, the paper explores strategies for targeted therapies through microbiome metabolomics, including the direct therapeutic effects of microbiome metabolites and potential synergistic effects on conventional therapies. We also recognize that the field of microbial metabolites for the diagnosis and treatment of tumors still has a lot of problems to be solved. The aim of this study is to pioneer microbial metabolite research and provide a reference for HBP cancer diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuemiao Xu
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Jiahan Le
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Jiangjiang Qin
- Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310022, China
| | - Yuhua Zhang
- The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou 310022, China
| | - Jiaying Yang
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Zhuo Chen
- The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou 310022, China
| | - Changyu Li
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Xiang Qian
- The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou 310022, China.
| | - Aiqin Zhang
- The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou 310022, China.
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Yu J, Li L, Tao X, Chen Y, Dong D. Metabolic interactions of host-gut microbiota: New possibilities for the precise diagnosis and therapeutic discovery of gastrointestinal cancer in the future-A review. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2024; 203:104480. [PMID: 39154670 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2024.104480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2024] [Revised: 08/12/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal (GI) cancer continues to pose a significant global health challenge. Recent advances in our understanding of the complex relationship between the host and gut microbiota have shed light on the critical role of metabolic interactions in the pathogenesis and progression of GI cancer. In this study, we examined how microbiota interact with the host to influence signalling pathways that impact the formation of GI tumours. Additionally, we investigated the potential therapeutic approach of manipulating GI microbiota for use in clinical settings. Revealing the complex molecular exchanges between the host and gut microbiota facilitates a deeper understanding of the underlying mechanisms that drive cancer development. Metabolic interactions hold promise for the identification of microbial signatures or metabolic pathways associated with specific stages of cancer. Hence, this study provides potential strategies for the diagnosis, treatment and management of GI cancers to improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianing Yu
- Department of Pharmacy, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, China; College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, China
| | - Lu Li
- Department of Pharmacy, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, China
| | - Xufeng Tao
- Department of Pharmacy, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, China.
| | - Yanwei Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, China.
| | - Deshi Dong
- Department of Pharmacy, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, China.
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Liu X, Li S, Wang L, Ma K. Microecological regulation in HCC therapy: Gut microbiome enhances ICI treatment. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:167230. [PMID: 38734322 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2024.167230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
The exploration of the complex mechanisms of cancer immunotherapy is rapidly evolving worldwide, and our focus is on the interaction of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), particularly as it relates to the regulatory role of the gut microbiome. An important basis for the induction of immune responses in HCC is the presence of specific anti-tumor cells that can be activated and reinforced by ICIs, which is why the application of ICIs results in sustained tumor response rates in the majority of HCC patients. However, mechanisms of acquired resistance to immunotherapy in unresectable HCC result in no long-term benefit for some patients. The significant heterogeneity of inter-individual differences in the gut microbiome in response to treatment with ICIs makes it possible to target modulation of specific gut microbes to assist in augmenting checkpoint blockade therapies in HCC. This review focuses on the complex relationship between the gut microbiome, host immunity, and HCC, and emphasizes that manipulating the gut microbiome to improve response rates to cancer ICI therapy is a clinical strategy with unlimited potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuliang Liu
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Shiyao Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Liming Wang
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China; Engineering Research Center for New Materials and Precision Treatment Technology of Malignant Tumors Therapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China; Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China.
| | - Kexin Ma
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China.
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Yang Z, Ma J, Han J, Li A, Liu G, Sun Y, Zheng J, Zhang J, Chen G, Xu R, Sun L, Meng C, Gao J, Bai Z, Deng W, Zhang C, Su J, Yao H, Zhang Z. Gut microbiome model predicts response to neoadjuvant immunotherapy plus chemoradiotherapy in rectal cancer. MED 2024:S2666-6340(24)00261-7. [PMID: 39047732 DOI: 10.1016/j.medj.2024.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accurate evaluation of the response to preoperative treatment enables the provision of a more appropriate personalized therapeutic schedule for locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC), which remains an enormous challenge, especially neoadjuvant immunotherapy plus chemoradiotherapy (nICRT). METHODS This prospective, multicenter cohort study enrolled patients with LARC from 6 centers who received nICRT. The dynamic variation in the gut microbiome during nICRT was evaluated. A species-level gut microbiome prediction (SPEED) model was developed and validated to predict the pathological complete response (pCR) to nICRT. FINDINGS A total of 50 patients were enrolled, 75 fecal samples were collected from 33 patients at different time points, and the pCR rate reached 42.4% (14/33). Lactobacillus and Eubacterium were observed to increase after nICRT. Additionally, significant differences in the gut microbiome were observed between responders and non-responders at baseline. Significantly higher abundances of Lachnospiraceaebacterium and Blautiawexlerae were found in responders, while Bacteroides, Prevotella, and Porphyromonas were found in non-responders. The SPEED model showcased a superior predictive performance with areas under the curve of 98.80% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 95.67%-100%) in the training cohort and 77.78% (95% CI: 65.42%-88.29%) in the validation cohort. CONCLUSIONS Programmed death 1 (PD-1) blockade plus concurrent long-course CRT showed a favorable pCR rate and is well tolerated in microsatellite-stable (MSS)/mismatch repair-proficient (pMMR) patients with LARC. The SPEED model can be used to predict the pCR to nICRT based on the baseline gut microbiome with high robustness and accuracy, thereby assisting clinical physicians in providing individualized management for patients with LARC. FUNDING This research was funded by the China National Natural Science Foundation (82202884).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengyang Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, State Key Lab of Digestive Health, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Jingxin Ma
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiagang Han
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ang Li
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Gang Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yi Sun
- Department of Anorectal, Tianjin People's Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Jianyong Zheng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Guangyong Chen
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Xu
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Liting Sun
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, State Key Lab of Digestive Health, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Cong Meng
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, State Key Lab of Digestive Health, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Jiale Gao
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, State Key Lab of Digestive Health, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Zhigang Bai
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, State Key Lab of Digestive Health, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Deng
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, State Key Lab of Digestive Health, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Chenlin Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, State Key Lab of Digestive Health, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Jianrong Su
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Hongwei Yao
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, State Key Lab of Digestive Health, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing, China.
| | - Zhongtao Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, State Key Lab of Digestive Health, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing, China.
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Wang YL, Liu C, Yang YY, Zhang L, Guo X, Niu C, Zhang NP, Ding J, Wu J. Dynamic changes of gut microbiota in mouse models of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis and its transition to hepatocellular carcinoma. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23766. [PMID: 38967214 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202400573rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
Dysbiosis of gut microbiota may account for pathobiology in simple fatty liver (SFL), metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH), fibrotic progression, and transformation to MASH-associated hepatocellular carcinoma (MASH-HCC). The aim of the present study is to investigate gut dysbiosis in this progression. Fecal microbial rRNA-16S sequencing, absolute quantification, histopathologic, and biochemical tests were performed in mice fed high fat/calorie diet plus high fructose and glucose in drinking water (HFCD-HF/G) or control diet (CD) for 2, 16 weeks, or 14 months. Histopathologic examination verified an early stage of SFL, MASH, fibrotic, or MASH-HCC progression with disturbance of lipid metabolism, liver injury, and impaired gut mucosal barrier as indicated by loss of occludin in ileum mucosa. Gut dysbiosis occurred as early as 2 weeks with reduced α diversity, expansion of Kineothrix, Lactococcus, Akkermansia; and shrinkage in Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, etc., at a genus level. Dysbiosis was found as early as MAHS initiation, and was much more profound through the MASH-fibrotic and oncogenic progression. Moreover, the expansion of specific species, such as Lactobacillus johnsonii and Kineothrix alysoides, was confirmed by an optimized method for absolute quantification. Dynamic alterations of gut microbiota were characterized in three stages of early SFL, MASH, and its HCC transformation. The findings suggest that the extent of dysbiosis was accompanied with MASH progression and its transformation to HCC, and the shrinking or emerging of specific microbial species may account at least in part for pathologic, metabolic, and immunologic alterations in fibrogenic progression and malignant transition in the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Li Wang
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, MOE/NHC/CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, MOE/NHC/CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong-Yu Yang
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, MOE/NHC/CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, MOE/NHC/CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao Guo
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, MOE/NHC/CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, China
| | - Chen Niu
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, MOE/NHC/CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, China
| | - Ning-Ping Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Liver Diseases, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia Ding
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Jing'an District Central Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Wu
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, MOE/NHC/CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, China
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Liver Diseases, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, China
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Yu J, Chen X, Yang X, Zhang B. Understanding gut dysbiosis for hepatocellular carcinoma diagnosis and treatment. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2024:S1043-2760(24)00163-2. [PMID: 38969601 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2024.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 06/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024]
Abstract
The gut microbiome can play a crucial role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression through the enterohepatic circulation, primarily acting via metabolic reprogramming and alterations in the hepatic immune microenvironment triggered by microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs), metabolites, and fungi. In addition, the gut microbiome shows potential as a biomarker for early HCC diagnosis and for assessing the efficacy of immunotherapy in unresectable HCC. This review examines how gut microbiota dysbiosis, with varied functional profiles, contributes to HCCs of different etiologies. We discuss therapeutic strategies to modulate the gut microbiome including diets, antibiotics, probiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation, and nano-delivery systems, and underscore their potential as an adjunctive treatment modality for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Yu
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreatic-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Xiaoping Chen
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreatic-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Xiangliang Yang
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry and Materia Medica, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Bixiang Zhang
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreatic-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
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Yue B, Gao Y, Hu Y, Zhan M, Wu Y, Lu L. Harnessing CD8 + T cell dynamics in hepatitis B virus-associated liver diseases: Insights, therapies and future directions. Clin Transl Med 2024; 14:e1731. [PMID: 38935536 PMCID: PMC11210506 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.1731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection playsa significant role in the etiology and progression of liver-relatedpathologies, encompassing chronic hepatitis, fibrosis, cirrhosis, and eventual hepatocellularcarcinoma (HCC). Notably, HBV infection stands as the primary etiologicalfactor driving the development of HCC. Given the significant contribution ofHBV infection to liver diseases, a comprehensive understanding of immunedynamics in the liver microenvironment, spanning chronic HBV infection,fibrosis, cirrhosis, and HCC, is essential. In this review, we focused on thefunctional alterations of CD8+ T cells within the pathogenic livermicroenvironment from HBV infection to HCC. We thoroughly reviewed the roles ofhypoxia, acidic pH, metabolic reprogramming, amino acid deficiency, inhibitory checkpointmolecules, immunosuppressive cytokines, and the gut-liver communication in shapingthe dysfunction of CD8+ T cells in the liver microenvironment. Thesefactors significantly impact the clinical prognosis. Furthermore, we comprehensivelyreviewed CD8+ T cell-based therapy strategies for liver diseases,encompassing HBV infection, fibrosis, cirrhosis, and HCC. Strategies includeimmune checkpoint blockades, metabolic T-cell targeting therapy, therapeuticT-cell vaccination, and adoptive transfer of genetically engineered CD8+ T cells, along with the combined usage of programmed cell death protein-1/programmeddeath ligand-1 (PD-1/PD-L1) inhibitors with mitochondria-targeted antioxidants.Given that targeting CD8+ T cells at various stages of hepatitis Bvirus-induced hepatocellular carcinoma (HBV + HCC) shows promise, we reviewedthe ongoing need for research to elucidate the complex interplay between CD8+ T cells and the liver microenvironment in the progression of HBV infection toHCC. We also discussed personalized treatment regimens, combining therapeuticstrategies and harnessing gut microbiota modulation, which holds potential forenhanced clinical benefits. In conclusion, this review delves into the immunedynamics of CD8+ T cells, microenvironment changes, and therapeuticstrategies within the liver during chronic HBV infection, HCC progression, andrelated liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Yue
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumour Interventional Diagnosis and TreatmentZhuhai Institute of Translational MedicineZhuhai Clinical Medical College of Jinan University (Zhuhai People's Hospital), Jinan UniversityZhuhaiGuangdongChina
| | - Yuxia Gao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumour Interventional Diagnosis and TreatmentZhuhai Institute of Translational MedicineZhuhai Clinical Medical College of Jinan University (Zhuhai People's Hospital), Jinan UniversityZhuhaiGuangdongChina
| | - Yi Hu
- Microbiology and Immunology DepartmentSchool of MedicineFaculty of Medical ScienceJinan UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
| | - Meixiao Zhan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumour Interventional Diagnosis and TreatmentZhuhai Institute of Translational MedicineZhuhai Clinical Medical College of Jinan University (Zhuhai People's Hospital), Jinan UniversityZhuhaiGuangdongChina
| | - Yangzhe Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumour Interventional Diagnosis and TreatmentZhuhai Institute of Translational MedicineZhuhai Clinical Medical College of Jinan University (Zhuhai People's Hospital), Jinan UniversityZhuhaiGuangdongChina
| | - Ligong Lu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumour Interventional Diagnosis and TreatmentZhuhai Institute of Translational MedicineZhuhai Clinical Medical College of Jinan University (Zhuhai People's Hospital), Jinan UniversityZhuhaiGuangdongChina
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10
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Huang Q, Wen C, Gu S, Jie Y, Li G, Yan Y, Tian C, Wu G, Yang N. Synergy of gut microbiota and host genome in driving heterosis expression of chickens. J Genet Genomics 2024:S1673-8527(24)00153-X. [PMID: 38950856 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2024.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
Heterosis has been widely utilized in agricultural production. Despite over a century of extensive research, the underlying mechanisms of heterosis remain elusive. Most hypotheses and research have focused on the genetic basis of heterosis. However, the potential role of gut microbiota in heterosis has been largely ignored. Here, we carefully design a crossbreeding experiment with two distinct broiler breeds and conduct 16S rRNA amplicon and transcriptome sequencing to investigate the synergistic role of gut microbiota and host genes in driving heterosis. We find that the breast muscle weight of the hybrids exhibits a high heterosis, 6.28% higher than mid-parent value. A notable difference is observed in the composition and potential function of cecal microbiota between hybrids and their parents. Over 90% of the differentially colonized microbiota and differentially expressed genes exhibit nonadditive patterns. Integrative analyses uncover associations between nonadditive genes and nonadditive microbiota, including a connection between the expression of cellular signaling pathway and metabolism-related genes and the abundance of Odoribacter, Oscillibacter, and Alistipes in hybrids. Moreover, higher abundances of these microbiota are related to better meat yield. In summary, these findings highlight the importance of gut microbiota in heterosis, serving as crucial factors that modulate heterosis expression in chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding and Frontier Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding and Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Chaoliang Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding and Frontier Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding and Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; Sanya Institute of China Agricultural University, Hainan 572025, China.
| | - Shuang Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding and Frontier Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding and Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yuchen Jie
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding and Frontier Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding and Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Guangqi Li
- Beijing Huadu Yukou Poultry Industry Co. Ltd., Beijing 101206, China
| | - Yiyuan Yan
- Beijing Huadu Yukou Poultry Industry Co. Ltd., Beijing 101206, China
| | - Chuanyao Tian
- Beijing Huadu Yukou Poultry Industry Co. Ltd., Beijing 101206, China
| | - Guiqin Wu
- Beijing Huadu Yukou Poultry Industry Co. Ltd., Beijing 101206, China
| | - Ning Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding and Frontier Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding and Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; Sanya Institute of China Agricultural University, Hainan 572025, China.
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11
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Galasso L, Cerrito L, Maccauro V, Termite F, Mignini I, Esposto G, Borriello R, Ainora ME, Gasbarrini A, Zocco MA. Inflammatory Response in the Pathogenesis and Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Double-Edged Weapon. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7191. [PMID: 39000296 PMCID: PMC11241080 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2024] [Revised: 06/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most frequent among primary liver tumors (90%) and one of the main causes of cancer-related death. It develops usually in a chronically inflamed environment, ranging from compensatory parenchymal regeneration to fibrosis and cirrhosis: carcinogenesis can potentially happen in each of these stages. Inflammation determined by chronic viral infection (hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and hepatitis delta viruses) represents an important risk factor for HCC etiology through both viral direct damage and immune-related mechanisms. The deregulation of the physiological liver immunological network determined by viral infection can lead to carcinogenesis. The recent introduction of immunotherapy as the gold-standard first-line treatment for HCC highlights the role of the immune system and inflammation as a double-edged weapon in both HCC carcinogenesis and treatment. In this review we highlight how the inflammation is the key for the hepatocarcinogenesis in viral, alcohol and metabolic liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Galasso
- Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino, Gemelli IRCCS, Catholic University of Rome, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Lucia Cerrito
- Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino, Gemelli IRCCS, Catholic University of Rome, 00168 Rome, Italy
- CEMAD Digestive Disease Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Catholic University of Rome, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Valeria Maccauro
- Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino, Gemelli IRCCS, Catholic University of Rome, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Termite
- Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino, Gemelli IRCCS, Catholic University of Rome, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Irene Mignini
- Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino, Gemelli IRCCS, Catholic University of Rome, 00168 Rome, Italy
- CEMAD Digestive Disease Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Catholic University of Rome, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Giorgio Esposto
- Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino, Gemelli IRCCS, Catholic University of Rome, 00168 Rome, Italy
- CEMAD Digestive Disease Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Catholic University of Rome, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Raffaele Borriello
- Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino, Gemelli IRCCS, Catholic University of Rome, 00168 Rome, Italy
- CEMAD Digestive Disease Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Catholic University of Rome, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Elena Ainora
- Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino, Gemelli IRCCS, Catholic University of Rome, 00168 Rome, Italy
- CEMAD Digestive Disease Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Catholic University of Rome, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Gasbarrini
- Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino, Gemelli IRCCS, Catholic University of Rome, 00168 Rome, Italy
- CEMAD Digestive Disease Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Catholic University of Rome, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Assunta Zocco
- Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino, Gemelli IRCCS, Catholic University of Rome, 00168 Rome, Italy
- CEMAD Digestive Disease Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Catholic University of Rome, 00168 Rome, Italy
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12
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Jensen IT, Janss L, Radutoiu S, Waagepetersen R. Compositionally aware estimation of cross-correlations for microbiome data. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0305032. [PMID: 38941272 PMCID: PMC11213360 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0305032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024] Open
Abstract
In the field of microbiome studies, it is of interest to infer correlations between abundances of different microbes (here referred to as operational taxonomic units, OTUs). Several methods taking the compositional nature of the sequencing data into account exist. However, these methods cannot infer correlations between OTU abundances and other variables. In this paper we introduce the novel methods SparCEV (Sparse Correlations with External Variables) and SparXCC (Sparse Cross-Correlations between Compositional data) for quantifying correlations between OTU abundances and either continuous phenotypic variables or components of other compositional datasets, such as transcriptomic data. SparCEV and SparXCC both assume that the average correlation in the dataset is zero. Iterative versions of SparCEV and SparXCC are proposed to alleviate bias resulting from deviations from this assumption. We compare these new methods to empirical Pearson cross-correlations after applying naive transformations of the data (log and log-TSS). Additionally, we test the centered log ratio transformation (CLR) and the variance stabilising transformation (VST). We find that CLR and VST outperform naive transformations, except when the correlation matrix is dense. SparCEV and SparXCC outperform CLR and VST when the number of OTUs is small and perform similarly to CLR and VST for large numbers of OTUs. Adding the iterative procedure increases accuracy for SparCEV and SparXCC for all cases, except when the average correlation in the dataset is close to zero or the correlation matrix is dense. These results are consistent with our theoretical considerations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ib Thorsgaard Jensen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Luc Janss
- Center for Quantitative Genetics and Genomics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Simona Radutoiu
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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Marroncini G, Naldi L, Martinelli S, Amedei A. Gut-Liver-Pancreas Axis Crosstalk in Health and Disease: From the Role of Microbial Metabolites to Innovative Microbiota Manipulating Strategies. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1398. [PMID: 39061972 PMCID: PMC11273695 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12071398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Revised: 06/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The functions of the gut are closely related to those of many other organs in the human body. Indeed, the gut microbiota (GM) metabolize several nutrients and compounds that, once released in the bloodstream, can reach distant organs, thus influencing the metabolic and inflammatory tone of the host. The main microbiota-derived metabolites responsible for the modulation of endocrine responses are short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), bile acids and glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1). These molecules can (i) regulate the pancreatic hormones (insulin and glucagon), (ii) increase glycogen synthesis in the liver, and (iii) boost energy expenditure, especially in skeletal muscles and brown adipose tissue. In other words, they are critical in maintaining glucose and lipid homeostasis. In GM dysbiosis, the imbalance of microbiota-related products can affect the proper endocrine and metabolic functions, including those related to the gut-liver-pancreas axis (GLPA). In addition, the dysbiosis can contribute to the onset of some diseases such as non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH)/non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and type 2 diabetes (T2D). In this review, we explored the roles of the gut microbiota-derived metabolites and their involvement in onset and progression of these diseases. In addition, we detailed the main microbiota-modulating strategies that could improve the diseases' development by restoring the healthy balance of the GLPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giada Marroncini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy; (G.M.); (L.N.)
| | - Laura Naldi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy; (G.M.); (L.N.)
| | - Serena Martinelli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Amedeo Amedei
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy
- Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), 50139 Florence, Italy
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14
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Zhang L, Cai M, Zhang X, Wang S, Pang L, Chen X, Zheng C, Sun Y, Liang Y, Guo S, Wei F, Zhang Y. Integrated analysis of microbiome and host transcriptome unveils correlations between lung microbiota and host immunity in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of pneumocystis pneumonia patients. Microbes Infect 2024:105374. [PMID: 38849069 DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2024.105374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The lung microbiota of patients with pulmonary diseases is disrupted and impacts the immunity. The microbiological and immune landscape of the lungs in patients with pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) remains poorly understood. METHODS Multi-omics analysis and machine learning were performed on bronchoalveolar lavage fluid to explore interaction between the lung microbiota and host immunity in PCP. Then we constructed a diagnostic model using differential genes with LASSO regression and validated by qPCR. The immune infiltration analysis was performed to explore the landscape of lung immunity in patients with PCP. RESULTS Patients with PCP showed a low alpha diversity of lung microbiota, accompanied by the elevated abundance of Firmicutes, and the differential expressed genes (DEGs) analysis displayed a downregulation of MAPK signaling. The MAPK10, TGFB1, and EFNA3 indicated a potential to predict PCP (AUC = 0.86). The lung immune landscape in PCP showed the lower levels of naïve CD4+ T cells and activated dendritic cells. The correlation analysis of the MAPK signaling pathway-related DEGs and the differential microorganisms at the level of phylum showed that the Firmicutes was negatively correlated with these DEGs. CONCLUSION We profiled the characteristics of lung microbiota and immune landscape in PCP, which may contribute to elucidating the mechanism of PCP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China; Beijing Institute of Hepatology, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Miaotian Cai
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China; Beijing Institute of Hepatology, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Sitong Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Lijun Pang
- Beijing Institute of Hepatology, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Xue Chen
- Beijing Institute of Hepatology, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China; Clinical and Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Key Laboratory for HIV/AIDS Research, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Caopei Zheng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China; Laboratory for Clinical Medicine, Capital Medical University, China
| | - Yuqing Sun
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China; Laboratory for Clinical Medicine, Capital Medical University, China
| | - Ying Liang
- Clinical and Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Key Laboratory for HIV/AIDS Research, Beijing, 100069, China; Laboratory for Clinical Medicine, Capital Medical University, China
| | - Shan Guo
- Beijing Institute of Hepatology, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Feili Wei
- Beijing Institute of Hepatology, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.
| | - Yulin Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China; Clinical and Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Key Laboratory for HIV/AIDS Research, Beijing, 100069, China; Laboratory for Clinical Medicine, Capital Medical University, China; Beijing Research Center for Respiratory Infectious Diseases, China.
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15
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Wei S, Wang R, Chen L, Jing M, Li H, Zheng R, Zhu Y, Zhao Y. The contribution of small heterodimer partner to the occurrence and progression of cholestatic liver injury. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024; 39:1134-1144. [PMID: 38615196 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.16544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Small heterodimer partner (SHP, encoded by NR0B2) plays an important role in maintaining bile acid homeostasis. The loss of the hepatic farnesoid X receptor (FXR)/SHP signal can cause severe cholestatic liver injury (CLI). FXR and SHP have overlapping and nonoverlapping functions in bile acid homeostasis. However, the key role played by SHP in CLI is unclear. METHODS In this study, an alpha-naphthylisothiocyanate (ANIT)-induced cholestasis mouse model was established. The effect of SHP knockout (SHP-KO) on liver and ileal pathology was evaluated. 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis combined with untargeted metabolomics was applied to reveal the involvement of SHP in the pathogenesis of CLI. RESULTS The results showed that ANIT (75 mg/kg) induced cholestasis in WT mice. No significant morphological changes were found in the liver and ileal tissue of SHP-KO mice. However, the serum metabolism and intestinal flora characteristics were significantly changed. Moreover, compared with the WT + ANIT group, the serum levels of ALT and AST in the SHP-KO + ANIT group were significantly increased, and punctate necrosis in the liver tissue was more obvious. The ileum villi showed obvious shedding, thinning, and shortening. In addition, SHP-KO-associated differential intestinal flora and differential biomarkers were significantly associated. CONCLUSION In this study, we elucidated the serum metabolic characteristics and intestinal flora changes related to the aggravation of CLI in SHP-KO mice induced by ANIT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shizhang Wei
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Department of Pharmacy, The Fifth Medical Center of the PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ruilin Wang
- Division of Integrative Medicine, The Fifth Medical Center of the PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lisheng Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Manyi Jing
- Department of Pharmacy, The Fifth Medical Center of the PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Haotian Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The Fifth Medical Center of the PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ruimao Zheng
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yun Zhu
- Senior Department of Hepatology, The Fifth Medical Center of the PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yanling Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, The Fifth Medical Center of the PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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16
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Li K, Cui Y, Zheng X, Min C, Zhang J, Yan Z, Ji Y, Ge F, Ji H, Zhu F. Jian Gan powder ameliorates immunological liver injury in mice by modulating the gut microbiota and metabolic profiles. Eur J Med Res 2024; 29:240. [PMID: 38641655 PMCID: PMC11031866 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-024-01827-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immunological liver injury (ILI) is a common liver disease associated with the microbiota-gut-liver axis. Jian Gan powder (JGP) exhibits both protective and therapeutic effects on hepatitis virus-induced ILI in the clinic. However, the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. The aim of this study is to investigate the hepatoprotective effects and associated mechanisms of JGP in the context of gut microbiota, utilizing a mouse model of ILI. METHODS The mouse model was established employing Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) plus lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Following treatment with JGP (7.5, 15, or 30 g/kg), serum, liver, and fresh fecal samples were analyzed. 16S rRNA gene sequencing and untargeted metabolomics profiling were performed to assess the role of JGP on the gut microbiota and its metabolites. RESULTS JGP treatment markedly reduced serum IFN-γ, IL-6, IL-22, and hepatic p-STAT3 (phosphorylated transducer and activator of transcription-3) expression. In contrast, JGP increased the percentage of proliferating cell nuclear antigen-positive liver cells in treated mice. Fecal 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed that JGP treatment restored the levels of Alloprevotella, Burkholderia-Caballeronia-Paraburkholderia, Muribaculum, Streptococcus, and Stenotrophomonas. Additionally, metabolomics analysis of fecal samples showed that JGP restored the levels of allylestrenol, eplerenone, phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) (P-20:0/0:0), sphingomyelin (SM) d27:1, soyasapogenol C, chrysin, and soyasaponin I. CONCLUSIONS JGP intervention improves ILI by restoring gut microbiota and modifying its metabolic profiles. These results provide a novel insight into the mechanism of JGP in treating ILI and the scientific basis to support its clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Li
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 100 Hongshan Road, Building 9, Nanjing, 210046, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hai'an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Medical College of Yangzhou University, Nantong, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yadong Cui
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue Zheng
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 100 Hongshan Road, Building 9, Nanjing, 210046, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunyan Min
- Suzhou Institute for Drug Control, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhanpeng Yan
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 100 Hongshan Road, Building 9, Nanjing, 210046, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Ji
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hai'an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Medical College of Yangzhou University, Nantong, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Ge
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hai'an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Medical College of Yangzhou University, Nantong, People's Republic of China
| | - Hualiang Ji
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Haian People's Hospital of Nantong University, 17 Zhong Ba Zhong Road, Hai'an, 226600, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Fangshi Zhu
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 100 Hongshan Road, Building 9, Nanjing, 210046, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
- Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.
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Bai L, Yan X, Qi P, Lv J, Song X, Zhang L. Effect of Transarterial Chemotherapy on the Structure and Function of Gut Microbiota in New Zealand White Rabbits. BIOLOGY 2024; 13:230. [PMID: 38666842 PMCID: PMC11048629 DOI: 10.3390/biology13040230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
The gut microbiota (GM) are closely related to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) occurrence and development. Furthermore, patients with HCC who have received transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) treatment often experience adverse gastrointestinal reactions, which may be related to changes in the GM caused by the chemotherapeutic drugs used in TACE. Therefore, we conducted animal experiments to investigate these changes. We analyzed changes in the GM of New Zealand white rabbits treated with hepatic arterial chemotherapy by measuring the levels of serological and colonic tissue markers. Simultaneously, we evaluated the correlation between the GM and these markers to explore the mechanism by which chemotherapy affects the GM. Following transarterial chemotherapy with epirubicin, the Firmicutes abundance decreased, whereas that of Proteobacteria increased. The relative abundance of beneficial bacteria, such as Muribaculaceae, Enterococcus, Ruminococcus, and Clostridia, decreased in the experimental group compared with those in the control group. However, the relative abundance of harmful bacteria, such as Bacteroides and Escherichia (Shigella), was higher in the experimental group than in the control group. Following chemotherapy, the GM of rabbits showed a dynamic change over time, first aggravating and then subsiding. The changes were most notable on the fourth day after surgery and recovered slightly on the seventh day. The changes in the host's GM before and after arterial chemotherapy are evident. Hepatic arterial chemotherapy induces dysbiosis of the intestinal microbiota, disrupts intestinal barrier function, damages the integrity of the intestinal mucosa, increases intestinal permeability, facilitates excessive passage of harmful substances through the gut-liver axis communication between the liver and intestine, and triggers activation of inflammatory pathways such as LPS-TLR-4-pSTAT3, ultimately leading to an inflammatory response. This study provides a theoretical basis for combining TACE with targeted GM intervention to treat HCC and reduce adverse gastrointestinal reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuhui Bai
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China; (L.B.); (X.Y.); (P.Q.); (J.L.); (X.S.)
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China
- Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Regenerative Medicine of Gansu Province, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Xiangdong Yan
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China; (L.B.); (X.Y.); (P.Q.); (J.L.); (X.S.)
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China
- Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Regenerative Medicine of Gansu Province, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Ping Qi
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China; (L.B.); (X.Y.); (P.Q.); (J.L.); (X.S.)
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China
- Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Regenerative Medicine of Gansu Province, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Jin Lv
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China; (L.B.); (X.Y.); (P.Q.); (J.L.); (X.S.)
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China
- Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Regenerative Medicine of Gansu Province, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Xiaojing Song
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China; (L.B.); (X.Y.); (P.Q.); (J.L.); (X.S.)
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China
- Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Regenerative Medicine of Gansu Province, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China; (L.B.); (X.Y.); (P.Q.); (J.L.); (X.S.)
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China
- Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Regenerative Medicine of Gansu Province, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China
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Yang Y, Xu S, He H, Zhu X, Liu Y, Ai X, Chen Y. Mechanism of sturgeon intestinal inflammation induced by Yersinia ruckeri and the effect of florfenicol intervention. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 273:116138. [PMID: 38394759 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
The mechanism by which Y. ruckeri infection induces enteritis in Chinese sturgeon remains unclear, and the efficacy of drug prevention and control measures is not only poor but also plagued with numerous issues. We conducted transcriptomic and 16 S rRNA sequencing analyses to examine the differences in the intestinal tract of hybrid sturgeon before and after Y. ruckeri infection and florfenicol intervention. Our findings revealed that Y. ruckeri induced the expression of multiple inflammatory factors, including il1β, il6, and various chemokines, as well as casp3, casp8, and multiple tumor necrosis factor family members, resulting in pathological injury to the body. Additionally, at the phylum level, the relative abundance of Firmicutes and Bacteroidota increased, while the abundance of Plesiomonas and Cetobacterium decreased at the genus level, altering the composition of the intestinal flora. Following florfenicol intervention, the expression of multiple apoptosis and inflammation-related genes was down-regulated, promoting tissue repair. However, the flora became further dysregulated, increasing the risk of infection. In conclusion, our analysis of the transcriptome and intestinal microbial composition demonstrated that Y. ruckeri induces intestinal pathological damage by triggering apoptosis and altering the composition of the intestinal microbiota. Florfenicol intervention can repair pathological damage, but it also exacerbates flora imbalance, leading to a higher risk of infection. These findings help elucidate the molecular mechanism of Y. ruckeri-induced enteritis in sturgeon and evaluate the therapeutic effect of drugs on intestinal inflammation in sturgeon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yibin Yang
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China; Key Laboratory of Sturgeon Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hangzhou Qiandao Lake Sturgeon Technology Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 311799, China
| | - Shijian Xu
- Key Laboratory of Sturgeon Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hangzhou Qiandao Lake Sturgeon Technology Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 311799, China.
| | - Hao He
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China
| | - Xia Zhu
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China
| | - Yongtao Liu
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China
| | - Xiaohui Ai
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China.
| | - Yuhua Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.
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19
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Yang J, Gao H, Zhang T, Fan Y, Wu Y, Zhao X, Li Y, Wu L, Zhao H, Yang L, Zhong H, Li L, Xie X, Wu Q. In Vitro Lactic Acid Bacteria Anti-Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) Effect and Modulation of the Intestinal Microbiota in Fecal Cultures from HBV-Associated Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients. Nutrients 2024; 16:600. [PMID: 38474727 DOI: 10.3390/nu16050600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), being ranked as the top fifth most prevalent cancer globally, poses a significant health challenge, with a considerable mortality rate. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection stands as the primary factor contributing to HCC, presenting substantial challenges in its treatment. This study aimed to identify lactic acid bacteria (LAB) with anti-HBV properties and evaluate their impact on the intestinal flora in HBV-associated HCC. Initially, two LAB strains, Levilactobacillus brevis SR52-2 (L. brevis SR52-2) and LeviLactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaicus Q80 (L. delbrueckii Q80), exhibiting anti-HBV effects, were screened in vitro from a pool of 498 LAB strains through cell experiments, with extracellular expression levels of 0.58 ± 0.05 and 0.65 ± 0.03, respectively. These strains exhibited the capability of inhibiting the expression of HBeAg and HBsAg. Subsequent in vitro fermentation, conducted under simulated anaerobic conditions mimicking the colon environment, revealed a decrease in pH levels in both the health control (HC) and HCC groups influenced by LAB, with a more pronounced effect observed in the HC group. Additionally, the density of total short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) significantly increased (p < 0.05) in the HCC group. Analysis of 16S rRNA highlighted differences in the gut microbiota (GM) community structure in cultures treated with L. brevis SR52-2 and L. delbrueckii Q80. Fecal microflora in normal samples exhibited greater diversity compared to HBV-HCC samples. The HCC group treated with LAB showed a significant increase in the abundance of the phyla Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes and Actinobacteria, while Proteobacteria significantly decreased compared to the untreated HCC group after 48 h. In conclusion, the findings indicate that LAB, specifically L. brevis SR52-2 and L. delbrueckii Q80, possessing antiviral properties, contribute to an improvement in gastrointestinal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Yang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
- National Health Commission Science and Technology Innovation Platform for Nutrition and Safety of Microbial Food, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - He Gao
- National Health Commission Science and Technology Innovation Platform for Nutrition and Safety of Microbial Food, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Tiantian Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
- National Health Commission Science and Technology Innovation Platform for Nutrition and Safety of Microbial Food, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Yong Fan
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
- National Health Commission Science and Technology Innovation Platform for Nutrition and Safety of Microbial Food, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Yuwei Wu
- Guangdong Huankai Microbial Co., Ltd., Zhaoqing 526238, China
| | - Xinyu Zhao
- Guangdong Huankai Microbial Co., Ltd., Zhaoqing 526238, China
| | - Ying Li
- National Health Commission Science and Technology Innovation Platform for Nutrition and Safety of Microbial Food, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Lei Wu
- National Health Commission Science and Technology Innovation Platform for Nutrition and Safety of Microbial Food, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Hui Zhao
- National Health Commission Science and Technology Innovation Platform for Nutrition and Safety of Microbial Food, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Lingshuang Yang
- National Health Commission Science and Technology Innovation Platform for Nutrition and Safety of Microbial Food, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Haojie Zhong
- National Health Commission Science and Technology Innovation Platform for Nutrition and Safety of Microbial Food, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Longyan Li
- National Health Commission Science and Technology Innovation Platform for Nutrition and Safety of Microbial Food, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Xinqiang Xie
- National Health Commission Science and Technology Innovation Platform for Nutrition and Safety of Microbial Food, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Qingping Wu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
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20
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Lin J, Rao D, Zhang M, Gao Q. Metabolic reprogramming in the tumor microenvironment of liver cancer. J Hematol Oncol 2024; 17:6. [PMID: 38297372 PMCID: PMC10832230 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-024-01527-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The liver is essential for metabolic homeostasis. The onset of liver cancer is often accompanied by dysregulated liver function, leading to metabolic rearrangements. Overwhelming evidence has illustrated that dysregulated cellular metabolism can, in turn, promote anabolic growth and tumor propagation in a hostile microenvironment. In addition to supporting continuous tumor growth and survival, disrupted metabolic process also creates obstacles for the anticancer immune response and restrains durable clinical remission following immunotherapy. In this review, we elucidate the metabolic communication between liver cancer cells and their surrounding immune cells and discuss how metabolic reprogramming of liver cancer impacts the immune microenvironment and the efficacy of anticancer immunotherapy. We also describe the crucial role of the gut-liver axis in remodeling the metabolic crosstalk of immune surveillance and escape, highlighting novel therapeutic opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Lin
- Center for Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dongning Rao
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Mao Zhang
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Qiang Gao
- Center for Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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21
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Song Y, Lau HCH, Zhang X, Yu J. Bile acids, gut microbiota, and therapeutic insights in hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Biol Med 2023; 21:j.issn.2095-3941.2023.0394. [PMID: 38148326 PMCID: PMC10884537 DOI: 10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2023.0394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a prevalent and aggressive liver malignancy. The interplay between bile acids (BAs) and the gut microbiota has emerged as a critical factor in HCC development and progression. Under normal conditions, BA metabolism is tightly regulated through a bidirectional interplay between gut microorganisms and BAs. The gut microbiota plays a critical role in BA metabolism, and BAs are endogenous signaling molecules that help maintain liver and intestinal homeostasis. Of note, dysbiotic changes in the gut microbiota during pathogenesis and cancer development can disrupt BA homeostasis, thereby leading to liver inflammation and fibrosis, and ultimately contributing to HCC development. Therefore, understanding the intricate interplay between BAs and the gut microbiota is crucial for elucidating the mechanisms underlying hepatocarcinogenesis. In this review, we comprehensively explore the roles and functions of BA metabolism, with a focus on the interactions between BAs and gut microorganisms in HCC. Additionally, therapeutic strategies targeting BA metabolism and the gut microbiota are discussed, including the use of BA agonists/antagonists, probiotic/prebiotic and dietary interventions, fecal microbiota transplantation, and engineered bacteria. In summary, understanding the complex BA-microbiota crosstalk can provide valuable insights into HCC development and facilitate the development of innovative therapeutic approaches for liver malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Song
- Institute of Digestive Disease and Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital Xiamen University, Xiamen 361004, China
| | - Harry CH Lau
- Institute of Digestive Disease and Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Institute of Digestive Disease and Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jun Yu
- Institute of Digestive Disease and Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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22
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Liu T, Guo Y, Liao Y, Liu J. Mechanism-guided fine-tuned microbiome potentiates anti-tumor immunity in HCC. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1333864. [PMID: 38169837 PMCID: PMC10758498 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1333864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Microbiome, including bacteria, fungi, and viruses, plays a crucial role in shaping distal and proximal anti-tumor immunity. Mounting evidence showed that commensal microbiome critically modulates immunophenotyping of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), a leading cause of cancer-related death. However, their role in anti-tumor surveillance of HCC is still poorly understood. Herein, we spotlighted growing interests in how the microbiome influences the progression and immunotherapeutic responses of HCC via changing local tumor microenvironment (TME) upon translocating to the sites of HCC through different "cell-type niches". Moreover, we summarized not only the associations but also the deep insight into the mechanisms of how the extrinsic microbiomes interplay with hosts to shape immune surveillance and regulate TME and immunotherapeutic responses. Collectively, we provided a rationale for a mechanism-guided fine-tuned microbiome to be neoadjuvant immunotherapy in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ya Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanxia Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinping Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
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23
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Yan M, Man S, Sun B, Ma L, Guo L, Huang L, Gao W. Gut liver brain axis in diseases: the implications for therapeutic interventions. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:443. [PMID: 38057297 PMCID: PMC10700720 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01673-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Gut-liver-brain axis is a three-way highway of information interaction system among the gastrointestinal tract, liver, and nervous systems. In the past few decades, breakthrough progress has been made in the gut liver brain axis, mainly through understanding its formation mechanism and increasing treatment strategies. In this review, we discuss various complex networks including barrier permeability, gut hormones, gut microbial metabolites, vagus nerve, neurotransmitters, immunity, brain toxic metabolites, β-amyloid (Aβ) metabolism, and epigenetic regulation in the gut-liver-brain axis. Some therapies containing antibiotics, probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), polyphenols, low FODMAP diet and nanotechnology application regulate the gut liver brain axis. Besides, some special treatments targeting gut-liver axis include farnesoid X receptor (FXR) agonists, takeda G protein-coupled receptor 5 (TGR5) agonists, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor antagonists and fibroblast growth factor 19 (FGF19) analogs. Targeting gut-brain axis embraces cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), antidepressants and tryptophan metabolism-related therapies. Targeting liver-brain axis contains epigenetic regulation and Aβ metabolism-related therapies. In the future, a better understanding of gut-liver-brain axis interactions will promote the development of novel preventative strategies and the discovery of precise therapeutic targets in multiple diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyao Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industry Microbiology, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Metabolic Control Fermentation Technology, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, 300457, Tianjin, China
| | - Shuli Man
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industry Microbiology, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Metabolic Control Fermentation Technology, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, 300457, Tianjin, China.
| | - Benyue Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industry Microbiology, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Metabolic Control Fermentation Technology, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, 300457, Tianjin, China
| | - Long Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industry Microbiology, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Metabolic Control Fermentation Technology, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, 300457, Tianjin, China
| | - Lanping Guo
- National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, 100700, Beijing, China.
| | - Luqi Huang
- National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, 100700, Beijing, China
| | - Wenyuan Gao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Weijin Road, 300072, Tianjin, China.
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24
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Zhao R, Li J, Chen B, Zhao J, Hu L, Huang K, Chen Q, Yao J, Lin G, Bao L, Lu M, Wang Y, Chen G, Wu F. The enrichment of the gut microbiota Lachnoclostridium is associated with the presence of intratumoral tertiary lymphoid structures in hepatocellular carcinoma. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1289753. [PMID: 38116013 PMCID: PMC10728494 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1289753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Backgrounds and aims Immunotherapies have formed an entirely new treatment paradigm for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Tertiary lymphoid structure (TLS) has been associated with good response to immunotherapy in most solid tumors. Nonetheless, the role of TLS in human HCC remains controversial, and recent studies suggest that their functional heterogeneity may relate to different locations within the tumor. Exploring factors that influence the formation of TLS in HCC may provide more useful insights. However, factors affecting the presence of TLSs are still unclear. The human gut microbiota can regulate the host immune system and is associated with the efficacy of immunotherapy but, in HCC, whether the gut microbiota is related to the presence of TLS still lacks sufficient evidence. Methods We performed pathological examinations of tumor and para-tumor tissue sections. Based on the location of TLS in tissues, all patients were divided into intratumoral TLS (It-TLS) group and desertic TLS (De-TLS) group. According to the grouping results, we statistically analyzed the clinical, biological, and pathological features; preoperative gut microbiota data; and postoperative pathological features of patients. Results In a retrospective study cohort of 60 cases from a single center, differential microbiota analysis showed that compared with the De-TLS group, the abundance of Lachnoclostridium, Hungatella, Blautia, Fusobacterium, and Clostridium was increased in the It-TLS group. Among them, the enrichment of Lachnoclostridium was the most significant and was unrelated to the clinical, biological, and pathological features of the patients. It can be seen that the difference in abundance levels of microbiota is related to the presence of TLS. Conclusion Our findings prove the enrichment of Lachnoclostridium-dominated gut microbiota is associated with the presence of It-TLS in HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jiacheng Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Bo Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jungang Zhao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Leyin Hu
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Kate Huang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Qiwen Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jiangqiao Yao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Ganglian Lin
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Lishimeng Bao
- The Second Clinical College, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Mengmeng Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Zhejiang-Germany Interdisciplinary Joint Laboratory of Hepatobiliary-Pancreatic Tumor and Bioengineering, Wenzhou, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Zhejiang-Germany Interdisciplinary Joint Laboratory of Hepatobiliary-Pancreatic Tumor and Bioengineering, Wenzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fang Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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25
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Zheng C, Lu F, Chen B, Yang J, Yu H, Wang D, Xie H, Chen K, Xie Y, Li J, Bo Z, Wang Y, Chen G, Deng T. Gut microbiome as a biomarker for predicting early recurrence of HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Sci 2023; 114:4717-4731. [PMID: 37778742 PMCID: PMC10728007 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
To investigate the potential of the gut microbiome as a biomarker for predicting the early recurrence of HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), we enrolled 124 patients diagnosed with HBV-associated HCC and 82 HBV-related hepatitis, and 86 healthy volunteers in our study, collecting 292 stool samples for 16S rRNA sequencing and 35 tumor tissue samples for targeted metabolomics. We performed an integrated bioinformatics analysis of gut microbiome and tissue metabolome data to explore the gut microbial-liver metabolite axis associated with the early recurrence of HCC. We constructed a predictive model based on the gut microbiota and validated its efficacy in the temporal validation cohort. Dialister, Veillonella, the Eubacterium coprostanoligenes group, and Lactobacillus genera, as well as the Streptococcus pneumoniae and Bifidobacterium faecale species, were associated with an early recurrence of HCC. We also found that 23 metabolites, including acetic acid, glutamate, and arachidonic acid, were associated with the early recurrence of HCC. A comprehensive analysis of the gut microbiome and tissue metabolome revealed that the entry of gut microbe-derived acetic acid into the liver to supply energy for tumor growth and proliferation may be a potential mechanism for the recurrence of HCC mediated by gut microbe. We constructed a nomogram to predict early recurrence by combining differential microbial species and clinical indicators, achieving an AUC of 78.0%. Our study suggested that gut microbes may serve as effective biomarkers for predicting early recurrence of HCC, and the gut microbial-tumor metabolite axis may explain the potential mechanism by which gut microbes promote the early recurrence of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongming Zheng
- Department of Hepatobiliary SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
- Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Tumor Bioengineering Cross International Joint Laboratory of Zhejiang ProvinceThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
| | - Fei Lu
- Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
| | - Bo Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
- Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Tumor Bioengineering Cross International Joint Laboratory of Zhejiang ProvinceThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
| | - Jinhuan Yang
- Department of Hepatobiliary SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
- Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Tumor Bioengineering Cross International Joint Laboratory of Zhejiang ProvinceThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
| | - Haitao Yu
- Department of Hepatobiliary SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
- Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Tumor Bioengineering Cross International Joint Laboratory of Zhejiang ProvinceThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
| | - Daojie Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
- Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Tumor Bioengineering Cross International Joint Laboratory of Zhejiang ProvinceThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
| | - Haonan Xie
- Department of Hepatobiliary SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
- Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Tumor Bioengineering Cross International Joint Laboratory of Zhejiang ProvinceThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
| | - Kaiwen Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
- Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Tumor Bioengineering Cross International Joint Laboratory of Zhejiang ProvinceThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
| | - Yitong Xie
- Department of Hepatobiliary SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
- Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Tumor Bioengineering Cross International Joint Laboratory of Zhejiang ProvinceThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
| | - Jiacheng Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
- Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Tumor Bioengineering Cross International Joint Laboratory of Zhejiang ProvinceThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
| | - Zhiyuan Bo
- Department of Hepatobiliary SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
- Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Tumor Bioengineering Cross International Joint Laboratory of Zhejiang ProvinceThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health and ManagementWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
- Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Tumor Bioengineering Cross International Joint Laboratory of Zhejiang ProvinceThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato‐Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang ProvinceThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityZhejiang‐Germany Interdisciplinary Joint Laboratory of Hepatobiliary‐Pancreatic Tumor and BioengineeringWenzhouChina
| | - Tuo Deng
- Department of Hepatobiliary SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
- Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Tumor Bioengineering Cross International Joint Laboratory of Zhejiang ProvinceThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityZhejiang‐Germany Interdisciplinary Joint Laboratory of Hepatobiliary‐Pancreatic Tumor and BioengineeringWenzhouChina
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He J, Li H, Jia J, Liu Y, Zhang N, Wang R, Qu W, Liu Y, Jia L. Mechanisms by which the intestinal microbiota affects gastrointestinal tumours and therapeutic effects. MOLECULAR BIOMEDICINE 2023; 4:45. [PMID: 38032415 PMCID: PMC10689341 DOI: 10.1186/s43556-023-00157-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The intestinal microbiota is considered to be a forgotten organ in human health and disease. It maintains intestinal homeostasis through various complex mechanisms. A significant body of research has demonstrated notable differences in the gut microbiota of patients with gastrointestinal tumours compared to healthy individuals. Furthermore, the dysregulation of gut microbiota, metabolites produced by gut bacteria, and related signal pathways can partially explain the mechanisms underlying the occurrence and development of gastrointestinal tumours. Therefore, this article summarizes the latest research progress on the gut microbiota and gastrointestinal tumours. Firstly, we provide an overview of the composition and function of the intestinal microbiota and discuss the mechanisms by which the intestinal flora directly or indirectly affects the occurrence and development of gastrointestinal tumours by regulating the immune system, producing bacterial toxins, secreting metabolites. Secondly, we present a detailed analysis of the differences of intestinal microbiota and its pathogenic mechanisms in colorectal cancer, gastric cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, etc. Lastly, in terms of treatment strategies, we discuss the effects of the intestinal microbiota on the efficacy and toxic side effects of chemotherapy and immunotherapy and address the role of probiotics, prebiotics, FMT and antibiotic in the treatment of gastrointestinal tumours. In summary, this article provides a comprehensive review of the pathogenic mechanisms of and treatment strategies pertaining to the intestinal microbiota in patients with gastrointestinal tumours. And provide a more comprehensive and precise scientific basis for the development of microbiota-based treatments for gastrointestinal tumours and the prevention of such tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jikai He
- Central Laboratory, Bayannur Hospital, Bayannur, 015000, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Haijun Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region People's Hospital, Hohhot, 010017, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Jiaqi Jia
- Graduate School of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, No. 98 Chengcheng Road, Youjiang District, Baise City, 533000, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Central Laboratory, Bayannur Hospital, Bayannur, 015000, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Central Laboratory, Bayannur Hospital, Bayannur, 015000, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Rumeng Wang
- Central Laboratory, Bayannur Hospital, Bayannur, 015000, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Wenhao Qu
- Graduate School of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, No. 98 Chengcheng Road, Youjiang District, Baise City, 533000, China
| | - Yanqi Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot City, 010050, Inner Mongolia, China.
| | - Lizhou Jia
- Central Laboratory, Bayannur Hospital, Bayannur, 015000, Inner Mongolia, China.
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27
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Cui H, Lian J, Xu B, Yu Z, Xiang H, Shi J, Gao Y, Han T. Identification of a bile acid and bile salt metabolism-related lncRNA signature for predicting prognosis and treatment response in hepatocellular carcinoma. Sci Rep 2023; 13:19512. [PMID: 37945918 PMCID: PMC10636107 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-46805-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Bile acids and salts have been shown to play a role in liver carcinogenesis through DNA damage, inflammation, and tumor proliferation. However, the correlation between bile acid metabolism and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) prognosis remains unclear. This study aimed to identify a predictive signature of bile acid and bile salt metabolism-related long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) for HCC prognosis and treatment response. The study used HCC RNA-sequencing data and corresponding clinical and prognostic data from The Cancer Genome Atlas. A prognostic model consisting of five bile acid and bile salt metabolism-related lncRNAs was developed and evaluated in a training set, a validation set and an external set. The model demonstrated good performance in predicting HCC prognosis and was shown to be an independent biomarker for prognosis. Additionally, our study revealed a significant association between the signature and immune cell infiltration, as well as its predictive value for therapeutic responses to both immunotherapy and chemotherapy. Furthermore, three LncRNAs (LUCAT1, AL031985.3 and AC015908.3) expression levels in our signature were validated through qRT-PCR in a cohort of 50 pairs of HCC patient tumor samples and corresponding adjacent non-tumor samples, along with 10 samples of normal liver tissue adjacent to benign lesions. These findings suggest that this novel bile acid and bile salt metabolism-related lncRNA signature can independently predict the prognosis of patients with HCC and may be utilized as a potential predictor of response to treatment in this setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Cui
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Third Central Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Third Central Hospital of Tianjin, Tianjin, China
| | - Jia Lian
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Third Central Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Third Central Hospital of Tianjin, Tianjin, China
| | - Baiguo Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Third Central Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Third Central Hospital of Tianjin, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhenjun Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Third Central Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Huiling Xiang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Third Central Hospital of Tianjin, Tianjin, China.
| | - Jingxiang Shi
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Third Central Hospital of Tianjin, Tianjin, China.
| | - Yingtang Gao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Extracorporeal Life Support for Critical Diseases, Tianjin Institute of Hepatobiliary Disease, Nankai University Affinity the Third Central Hospital, Tianjin, China.
| | - Tao Han
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
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28
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Sun A, Liu H, Sun M, Yang W, Liu J, Lin Y, Shi X, Sun J, Liu L. Emerging nanotherapeutic strategies targeting gut-X axis against diseases. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 167:115577. [PMID: 37757494 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Gut microbiota can coordinate with different tissues and organs to maintain human health, which derives the concept of the gut-X axis. Conversely, the dysbiosis of gut microbiota leads to the occurrence and development of various diseases, such as neurological diseases, liver diseases, and even cancers. Therefore, the modulation of gut microbiota offers new opportunities in the field of medicines. Antibiotics, probiotics or other treatments might restore unbalanced gut microbiota, which effects do not match what people have expected. Recently, nanomedicines with the high targeting ability and reduced toxicity make them an appreciative choice for relieving disease through targeting gut-X axis. Considering this paradigm-setting trend, the current review summarizes the advancements in gut microbiota and its related nanomedicines. Specifically, this article introduces the immunological effects of gut microbiota, summarizes the gut-X axis-associated diseases, and highlights the nanotherapeutics-mediated treatment via remolding the gut-X axis. Moreover, this review also discusses the challenges in studies related to nanomedicines targeting the gut microbiota and offers the future perspective, thereby aiming at charting a course toward clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ao Sun
- Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Hongyu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, China Medical University, Ministry of Education, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China; Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, China Medical University, Ministry of Education, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Mengchi Sun
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, PR China
| | - Weiguang Yang
- Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Jiaxin Liu
- Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yi Lin
- Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Xianbao Shi
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Jin Sun
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, PR China.
| | - Linlin Liu
- Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China.
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He Y, Xu G, Jiang P, She D, Huang L, Chen C. Antibacterial diarrhea effect and action mechanism of Portulaca oleracea L. water extract based on the regulation of gut microbiota and fecal metabolism. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2023; 103:7260-7272. [PMID: 37357594 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Portulaca oleracea has served as food and folk medicine in many parts of the world for thousands of years. Portulaca oleracea extract (POE) was prepared from fresh plants. This study aims to evaluate the antibacterial diarrhea effect and explore the possible mechanism. RESULTS POE was effective in reducing diarrhea rate, improving intestinal tissue, and reducing cytokines concentrations of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, IL-12 p40 and TNF-α in blood. Besides, the result of histological observation showed that the mucus layer thickness and crypt length in the POE-treated group was higher than that in the model group. The POE could significantly upregulate the protein expression of MUC2, occludin and ZO-1. 16S rRNA sequencing analysis showed that Parabacteroides, Clostridium and Muribaculaceae may be the key functional microflora of POE. The non-targeted metabolomics also suggested that the antibacterial diarrheal effects of P. oleracea may be attributed to the regulation of amino acid metabolism and composition of the gut microbiota. CONCLUSION Portulaca oleracea has definite clinical efficacy against bacterial diarrhea and anti-inflammatory effects. Its regulation of gut microbiota and fecal metabolism may account for its antibacterial diarrhea and anti-inflammatory effects. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfei He
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering of West Anhui University, Lu'an, People's Republic of China
- Anhui Engineering Research Center for Eco-Agriculture of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lu'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangpei Xu
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering of West Anhui University, Lu'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Jiang
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering of West Anhui University, Lu'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Deyong She
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering of West Anhui University, Lu'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Huang
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering of West Anhui University, Lu'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Cunwu Chen
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering of West Anhui University, Lu'an, People's Republic of China
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30
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Tan J, Ma Q, Li J, Liu Q, Zhuang Y. Bioavailability and Antioxidant Activity of Rambutan ( Nephelium lappaceum) Peel Polyphenols during in Vitro Simulated Gastrointestinal Digestion, Caco-2 Monolayer Cell Model Application, and Colonic Fermentation. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:15829-15841. [PMID: 37827988 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c04106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
The bioavailability of rambutan peel polyphenols (RPPs) was studied via in vitro simulated digestion, a Caco-2 monolayer cell model, and colonic fermentation. Total phenolic content of RPPs decreased with the progress of the simulated digestion. A total of 38 phenolic compounds were identified during the digestion and colonic fermentation, of which 12 new metabolites were found during colonic fermentation. The possible biotransformation pathways were inferred. Geraniin was transformed into corilagin, ellagic acid, and gallic acid during the digestion and colonic fermentation. Ellagic acid could be further transformed into urolithin under the action of intestinal microbiota. The transformation of ellagitannins could be beneficial to transport on Caco-2 monolayer cell. The antioxidant capacity of RPPs increased with the progress of gastrointestinal digestion. Furthermore, RPPs could increase the yield of short-chain fatty acids, decrease the pH value, promote the growth of beneficial bacteria, and inhibit the growth of pathogenic Escherichia coli/Shigella during colonic fermentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Tan
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, No. 727 South Jingming Road, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
| | - Qingyu Ma
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, No. 727 South Jingming Road, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
| | - Jiao Li
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, No. 727 South Jingming Road, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
| | - Qiuming Liu
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, No. 727 South Jingming Road, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
| | - Yongliang Zhuang
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, No. 727 South Jingming Road, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
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31
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Gok Yavuz B, Datar S, Chamseddine S, Mohamed YI, LaPelusa M, Lee SS, Hu ZI, Koay EJ, Tran Cao HS, Jalal PK, Daniel-MacDougall C, Hassan M, Duda DG, Amin HM, Kaseb AO. The Gut Microbiome as a Biomarker and Therapeutic Target in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4875. [PMID: 37835569 PMCID: PMC10571776 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15194875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The microbiome is pivotal in maintaining health and influencing disease by modulating essential inflammatory and immune responses. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), ranking as the third most common cause of cancer-related fatalities globally, is influenced by the gut microbiome through bidirectional interactions between the gut and liver, as evidenced in both mouse models and human studies. Consequently, biomarkers based on gut microbiota represent promising non-invasive tools for the early detection of HCC. There is a growing body of evidence suggesting that the composition of the gut microbiota may play a role in the efficacy of immunotherapy in different types of cancer; thus, it could be used as a predictive biomarker. In this review, we will dissect the gut microbiome's role as a potential predictive and diagnostic marker in HCC and evaluate the latest progress in leveraging the gut microbiome as a novel therapeutic avenue for HCC patients, with a special emphasis on immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Betul Gok Yavuz
- Department of Medicine, University of Missouri, St. Louis, MO 63121, USA;
| | - Saumil Datar
- Department of Medicine, University of Texas at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - Shadi Chamseddine
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (S.C.); (Y.I.M.); (S.S.L.); (Z.I.H.)
| | - Yehia I. Mohamed
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (S.C.); (Y.I.M.); (S.S.L.); (Z.I.H.)
| | - Michael LaPelusa
- Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - Sunyoung S. Lee
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (S.C.); (Y.I.M.); (S.S.L.); (Z.I.H.)
| | - Zishuo Ian Hu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (S.C.); (Y.I.M.); (S.S.L.); (Z.I.H.)
| | - Eugene J. Koay
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - Hop S. Tran Cao
- Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Section, Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - Prasun Kumar Jalal
- Division of Gastroenterology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - Carrie Daniel-MacDougall
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (C.D.-M.); (M.H.)
| | - Manal Hassan
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (C.D.-M.); (M.H.)
| | - Dan G. Duda
- Steele Laboratories, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02129, USA;
| | - Hesham M. Amin
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - Ahmed O. Kaseb
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (S.C.); (Y.I.M.); (S.S.L.); (Z.I.H.)
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Fang C, Cheng J, Jia W, Xu Y. Akkermansia muciniphila Ameliorates Alcoholic Liver Disease in Experimental Mice by Regulating Serum Metabolism and Improving Gut Dysbiosis. Metabolites 2023; 13:1057. [PMID: 37887381 PMCID: PMC10608788 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13101057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) represents a significant global health concern, yet the available treatment options remain limited. Numerous studies have shown that gut microbiota is a critical target for the treatment of ALD. Additionally, there is increasing evidence that host metabolism also plays a crucial role in the development of ALD. Akkermansia muciniphila has been demonstrated to ameliorate experimental ALD through its modulatory effects on the intestinal vascular barrier, enhancement of mucus layer thickness, and promotion of intestinal tight junction proteins. Nevertheless, there is a dearth of studies investigating the impact of A. muciniphila on host metabolism and gut microbiota. Here, C57BL/6 mice were utilized to establish a modified NIAAA model in order to investigate the impact of the oral administration of A. muciniphila during the development of ALD. Furthermore, we employed targeted metabolomics to analyze the serum metabolomic profiles of the mice and 2bRAD-M sequencing to comprehensively examine the underlying mechanisms of the efficacy of A. muciniphila on ALD. Our results illustrated that the oral administration of A. muciniphila alleviated alcohol-induced liver injury in conjunction with encouraged serum levels of ornithine and diminished the elevation of oxalic acid levels induced by alcohol intake. In addition, A. muciniphila also inhibited the proliferation of harmful bacteria, such as Escherichia coli and Helicobacter hepaticus, induced by alcohol consumption while promoting the growth of butyrate-producing and commensal bacteria, including Paramuribaculum intestinale and Bacteroides ovatus. In conclusion, this study suggests that A. muciniphila restores ALD by regulating the gut microbiota, and this corrective effect is associated with alterations in the serum metabolism. Our research supplies a theoretical basis for developing A. muciniphila as an innovative generation of probiotic for preventing and managing ALD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Fang
- Laboratory of Brewing Microbiology and Applied Enzymology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (C.F.); (J.C.)
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Jinyan Cheng
- Laboratory of Brewing Microbiology and Applied Enzymology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (C.F.); (J.C.)
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Wei Jia
- Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai 200233, China;
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yan Xu
- Laboratory of Brewing Microbiology and Applied Enzymology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (C.F.); (J.C.)
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
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Song Y, Xiang Z, Lu Z, Su R, Shu W, Sui M, Wei X, Xu X. Identification of a brand intratumor microbiome signature for predicting prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023; 149:11319-11332. [PMID: 37380815 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-04962-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Given that prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) differs dramatically, it is imperative to uncover effective and available prognostic biomarker(s). The intratumor microbiome plays a significant role in the response to tumor microenvironment, we aimed to identify an intratumor microbiome signature for predicting the prognosis of HCC patients accurately and investigate its possible mechanisms subsequently. METHODS The TCGA HCC microbiome data (TCGA-LIHC-microbiome) was downloaded from cBioPortal. To create an intratumor microbiome-related prognostic signature, univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were used to quantify the association of microbial abundance and patients' overall survival (OS), as well as their diseases specific survival (DSS). The performance of the scoring model was evaluated by the area under the ROC curve (AUC). Based on the microbiome-related signature, clinical factors, and multi-omics molecular subtypes on the basis of "icluster" algorithm, nomograms were established to predict OS and DSS. Patients were further clustered into three subtypes based on their microbiome-related characteristics by consensus clustering. Moreover, deconvolution algorithm, weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA) and gene set variation analysis (GSVA) were used to investigate the potential mechanisms. RESULTS In TCGA LIHC microbiome data, the abundances of 166 genera among the total 1406 genera were considerably associated with HCC patients' OS. From that filtered dataset we identified a 27-microbe prognostic signature and developed a microbiome-related score (MRS) model. Compared with those in the relatively low-risk group, patients in higher-risk group own a much worse OS (P < 0.0001). Besides, the time-dependent ROC curves with MRS showed excellent predictive efficacy both in OS and DSS. Moreover, MRS is an independent prognostic factor for OS and DSS over clinical factors and multi-omics-based molecular subtypes. The integration of MRS into nomograms significantly improved the efficacy of prognosis prediction (1-year AUC:0.849, 3-year AUC: 0.825, 5-year AUC: 0.822). The analysis of microbiome-based subtypes on their immune characteristics and specific gene modules inferred that the intratumor microbiome may affect the HCC patients' prognosis via modulating the cancer stemness and immune response. CONCLUSION MRS, a 27 intratumor microbiome-related prognostic model, was successfully established to predict HCC patients overall survive independently. And the possible underlying mechanisms were also investigated to provide a potential intervention strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yisu Song
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Oncology and Intelligent Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Ze Xiang
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Oncology and Intelligent Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Zhengyang Lu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Oncology and Intelligent Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310006, China
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, People's Republic of China
| | - Renyi Su
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Oncology and Intelligent Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Wenzhi Shu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Oncology and Intelligent Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Meihua Sui
- School of Basic Medical Sciences and Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xuyong Wei
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Oncology and Intelligent Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310006, China.
| | - Xiao Xu
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Oncology and Intelligent Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310006, China.
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
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34
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Xinyuan T, Lei Y, Jianping S, Rongwei Z, Ruiwen S, Ye Z, Jing Z, Chunfang T, Hongwei C, Haibin G. Advances in the role of gut microbiota in the regulation of the tumor microenvironment (Review). Oncol Rep 2023; 50:181. [PMID: 37615187 PMCID: PMC10485805 DOI: 10.3892/or.2023.8618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
As a protector of human health, the gut microbiota plays an important role in the development of the immune system during childhood, and the regulation of dietary habits, metabolism and immune system during adulthood. Dysregulated gut flora is not pathogenic, but it can weaken the protective effect of the immune system and cause various diseases. The tumor microenvironment is a physiological environment formed during tumor growth, which provides nutrients and growth factors necessary for tumor growth. As an important factor affecting the tumor microenvironment, the intestinal microflora affects the development of tumors through the mechanisms of gut and microflora metabolites, gene toxins and signaling pathways. The present article aimed to review the components and mechanisms of action, clinical applications, and biological targets of gut microbiota in the regulation of the tumor microenvironment. The present review provides novel insights for the future use of intestinal flora, to regulate the tumor microenvironment, to intervene in the occurrence, development, treatment and prognosis of tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Xinyuan
- School of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region 010107, P.R. China
| | - Yu Lei
- Department of Pharmacy, Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region 010020, P.R. China
| | - Shi Jianping
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region 010107, P.R. China
| | - Zhao Rongwei
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region 010050, P.R. China
| | - Shi Ruiwen
- School of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region 010107, P.R. China
| | - Zhang Ye
- School of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region 010107, P.R. China
| | - Zhao Jing
- School of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region 010107, P.R. China
| | - Tian Chunfang
- Department of Oncology, Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region 010020, P.R. China
| | - Cui Hongwei
- Department of Scientific Research, Peking University Cancer Hospital (Inner Mongolia Campus)/Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region 010020, P.R. China
| | - Guan Haibin
- School of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region 010107, P.R. China
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Magdy Wasfy R, Mbaye B, Borentain P, Tidjani Alou M, Murillo Ruiz ML, Caputo A, Andrieu C, Armstrong N, Million M, Gerolami R. Ethanol-Producing Enterocloster bolteae Is Enriched in Chronic Hepatitis B-Associated Gut Dysbiosis: A Case-Control Culturomics Study. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2437. [PMID: 37894093 PMCID: PMC10608849 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11102437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a global health epidemic that causes fatal complications, leading to liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. The link between HBV-related dysbiosis and specific bacterial taxa is still under investigation. Enterocloster is emerging as a new genus (formerly Clostridium), including Enterocloster bolteae, a gut pathogen previously associated with dysbiosis and human diseases such as autism, multiple sclerosis, and inflammatory bowel diseases. Its role in liver diseases, especially HBV infection, is not reported. METHODS The fecal samples of eight patients with chronic HBV infection and ten healthy individuals were analyzed using the high-throughput culturomics approach and compared to 16S rRNA sequencing. Quantification of ethanol, known for its damaging effect on the liver, produced from bacterial strains enriched in chronic HBV was carried out by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. RESULTS Using culturomics, 29,120 isolated colonies were analyzed by Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-TOF); 340 species were identified (240 species in chronic HBV samples, 254 species in control samples) belonging to 169 genera and 6 phyla. In the chronic HBV group, 65 species were already known in the literature; 48 were associated with humans but had not been previously found in the gut, and 17 had never been associated with humans previously. Six species were newly isolated in our study. By comparing bacterial species frequency, three bacterial genera were serendipitously found with significantly enriched bacterial diversity in patients with chronic HBV: Enterocloster, Clostridium, and Streptococcus (p = 0.0016, p = 0.041, p = 0.053, respectively). However, metagenomics could not identify this enrichment, possibly concerning its insufficient taxonomical resolution (equivocal assignment of operational taxonomic units). At the species level, the significantly enriched species in the chronic HBV group almost all belonged to class Clostridia, such as Clostridium perfringens, Clostridium sporogenes, Enterocloster aldenensis, Enterocloster bolteae, Enterocloster clostridioformis, and Clostridium innocuum. Two E. bolteae strains, isolated from two patients with chronic HBV infection, showed high ethanol production (27 and 200 mM). CONCLUSIONS Culturomics allowed us to identify Enterocloster species, specifically, E. bolteae, enriched in the gut microbiota of patients with chronic HBV. These species had never been isolated in chronic HBV infection before. Moreover, ethanol production by E. bolteae strains isolated from the chronic HBV group could contribute to liver disease progression. Additionally, culturomics might be critical for better elucidating the relationship between dysbiosis and chronic HBV infection in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reham Magdy Wasfy
- IHU Méditerranée Infection, 13005 Marseille, France (M.T.A.); (C.A.)
- MEPHI, IRD, Aix-Marseille Université, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Babacar Mbaye
- IHU Méditerranée Infection, 13005 Marseille, France (M.T.A.); (C.A.)
- MEPHI, IRD, Aix-Marseille Université, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Patrick Borentain
- Unité Hépatologie, Hôpital de la Timone, APHM, 13005 Marseille, France;
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM), 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Maryam Tidjani Alou
- IHU Méditerranée Infection, 13005 Marseille, France (M.T.A.); (C.A.)
- MEPHI, IRD, Aix-Marseille Université, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Maria Leticia Murillo Ruiz
- IHU Méditerranée Infection, 13005 Marseille, France (M.T.A.); (C.A.)
- MEPHI, IRD, Aix-Marseille Université, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Aurelia Caputo
- IHU Méditerranée Infection, 13005 Marseille, France (M.T.A.); (C.A.)
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM), 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Claudia Andrieu
- IHU Méditerranée Infection, 13005 Marseille, France (M.T.A.); (C.A.)
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM), 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Nicholas Armstrong
- IHU Méditerranée Infection, 13005 Marseille, France (M.T.A.); (C.A.)
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM), 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Matthieu Million
- IHU Méditerranée Infection, 13005 Marseille, France (M.T.A.); (C.A.)
- MEPHI, IRD, Aix-Marseille Université, 13005 Marseille, France
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM), 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Rene Gerolami
- IHU Méditerranée Infection, 13005 Marseille, France (M.T.A.); (C.A.)
- MEPHI, IRD, Aix-Marseille Université, 13005 Marseille, France
- Unité Hépatologie, Hôpital de la Timone, APHM, 13005 Marseille, France;
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM), 13005 Marseille, France
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Ma WJ, Li ZH, Wu ZR, Liu F, Wang JK, Shi YJ, Jin YW, Li FY. PI3K-CCL2-CCR2-MDSCs axis: A potential pathway for tumor Clostridia-promoted CD 8 + T lymphocyte infiltration in bile tract cancers. Neoplasia 2023; 43:100920. [PMID: 37515847 PMCID: PMC10407443 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2023.100920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most patients with resected bile tract cancers (BTCs) survive for less than 5 years; however, some achieve better prognosis. The tumor microbiome can improve survival by regulating the tumor immune microenvironment. However, whether the tumor microbiome promotes immune cell infiltration in BTCs is unknown. This study aimed to determine the association between CD8+ T lymphocyte infiltration and the tumor microbiome in patients with resected BTCs. METHODS Archived formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tumor specimens were collected from patients with resected BTCs and analyzed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing to identify that prognosis-related and significantly differentially enriched taxa. Gene ontology (GO) analysis of the differentially enriched taxa was used to assess how CD8+ T lymphocyte infiltration is affected by the tumor microbiome of BTCs. RESULTS We enrolled 32 patients with resected BTCs. The high CD8+ lymphocyte-infiltration (CD8hi) group had four significantly enriched taxa, and in the low CD8+ lymphocyte-infiltration (CD8low) group comprised one significantly enriched taxon. Patients with higher Clostridia abundance (enriched in the CD8hi group) experienced longer overall survival than those with lower abundance. The enrichment of Clostridia in the CD8hi group corresponded with lower CCL2 expression and downregulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activity, which might decrease myeloid-derived suppressor cell recruitment to the tumor milieu, thus increasing CD8+ lymphocyte infiltration in BTCs. CONCLUSIONS The tumor microbiome is related to CD8+ T lymphocyte infiltration in patients with resected BTCs. The relationship between tumor Clostridia and high infiltration of CD8+ T lymphocytes might reflect decreased recruitment of myeloid-derived suppressor cells via the PI3K-CCL2-CCR2 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Jie Ma
- Division of Biliary Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Research Center for Biliary Disease, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zheng-Hua Li
- Division of Biliary Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zhen-Ru Wu
- Institute of Clinical Pathology, Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHC, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Fei Liu
- Division of Biliary Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Research Center for Biliary Disease, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jun-Ke Wang
- Division of Biliary Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Research Center for Biliary Disease, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yu-Jun Shi
- Institute of Clinical Pathology, Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHC, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan-Wen Jin
- Division of Biliary Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Research Center for Biliary Disease, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Fu-Yu Li
- Division of Biliary Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Research Center for Biliary Disease, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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Huang C, Mei S, Zhang X, Tian X. Inflammatory Milieu Related to Dysbiotic Gut Microbiota Promotes Tumorigenesis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. J Clin Gastroenterol 2023; 57:782-788. [PMID: 37406184 DOI: 10.1097/mcg.0000000000001883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is an invasive primary liver cancer caused by multiple pathogenic factors and is a significant global health concern. With few effective therapeutic options, HCC is a heterogeneous carcinoma that typically arises in an inflammatory environment. Recent studies have suggested that dysbiotic gut microbiota is involved in hepatocarcinogenesis via multiple mechanisms. In this review, we discuss the effects of gut microbiota, microbial components, and microbiota-derived metabolites on the promotion and progression of HCC by feeding a persistent inflammatory milieu. In addition, we discuss the potential therapeutic modalities for HCC targeting the inflammatory status induced by gut microbiota. A better understanding of the correlation between the inflammatory milieu and gut microbiota in HCC may be beneficial for developing new therapeutic strategies and managing the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caizhi Huang
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hunan Children's Hospital
| | - Si Mei
- Department of Physiology, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine
| | - Xue Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Mechanism of Tumor Prevention & Treatment, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine
| | - Xuefei Tian
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine
- Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Mechanism of Tumor Prevention & Treatment, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine
- Hunan Province University Key Laboratory of Oncology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Yoshikawa S, Taniguchi K, Sawamura H, Ikeda Y, Asai T, Tsuji A, Matsuda S. Potential tactics with certain gut microbiota for the treatment of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma. EXPLORATION OF TARGETED ANTI-TUMOR THERAPY 2023; 4:556-568. [PMID: 37720344 PMCID: PMC10501893 DOI: 10.37349/etat.2023.00152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) constitutes an extremely malignant form of primary liver cancer. Intricate connections linking to the immune system might be associated with the pathogenesis of HCC. Meanwhile, immunotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors has been established to be a favorable therapeutic possibility for advanced HCC. Although curative opportunities for advanced HCC are restricted, the immune checkpoint immunotherapy has developed as the main choice for treating HCC. However, patients with metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD)-linked HCC might be less likely to benefit from the immunotherapy alone. The limitation of the effect of the immunotherapy might be owing to the impaired T cell activation in MAFLD patients, which could be well explained by a dysfunctional gut-liver axis. Gut microbiota and their metabolites including several bile acids could contribute to modulating the responses of the immune checkpoint immunotherapy. Roles of gut microbiota in the development of cancers have expected great interest in the latest studies. Here, an interplay between the gut and liver has been presented, which might suggest to affect the efficacy of immune checkpoint immunotherapy against HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayuri Yoshikawa
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Nara Women’s University, Kita-Uoya Nishimachi, Nara 630-8506, Japan
| | - Kurumi Taniguchi
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Nara Women’s University, Kita-Uoya Nishimachi, Nara 630-8506, Japan
| | - Haruka Sawamura
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Nara Women’s University, Kita-Uoya Nishimachi, Nara 630-8506, Japan
| | - Yuka Ikeda
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Nara Women’s University, Kita-Uoya Nishimachi, Nara 630-8506, Japan
| | - Tomoko Asai
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Nara Women’s University, Kita-Uoya Nishimachi, Nara 630-8506, Japan
| | - Ai Tsuji
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Nara Women’s University, Kita-Uoya Nishimachi, Nara 630-8506, Japan
| | - Satoru Matsuda
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Nara Women’s University, Kita-Uoya Nishimachi, Nara 630-8506, Japan
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Xia W, Liu L, Shi N, Zhang C, Tang A, He G. Epstein Barr virus infection in tree shrews alters the composition of gut microbiota and metabolome profile. Virol J 2023; 20:177. [PMID: 37553712 PMCID: PMC10410904 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-023-02147-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection is a major global threat; its manifestations range from the absence of symptoms to multiorgan malignancies and various gastrointestinal diseases. Analyzing the composition and metabolomic profile of gut microbiota during acute EBV infection might be instrumental in understanding and controlling EBV. METHODS Six tree shrews were inoculated with EBV by intravenous injection. Blood was collected at regular intervals thereafter from the femoral vein to detect EBV and inflammatory biomarker. At the same time, tree shrew faeces were collected for 16 S rRNA gene sequencing and Non-targeted metabolomics analysis. RESULTS 16 S rRNA gene characterization along with β diversity analysis exhibited remarkable alterations in gut microflora structure with a peak at 7 days post-infection(dpi). Some alterations in the relative richness of bacterial taxon were linked to infectious indicators. Of note, Butyricicoccus relative richness was positively linked to EBV presence in the blood and plasma, the opposite correlation was seen with Variovorax and Paramuribaculum. Non-targeted metabolomics indicated the fecal metabolome profile altered during EBV infection, particularly 7 dpi. The relative abundance of geranic acid and undecylenic acid in stool samples was positively linked to systemic inflammatory biomarkers, and an inverse relationship was reported with the estrone glucuronide, linoleic acid, protoporphyrin IX and tyramine. CONCLUSION Collectively, EBV infection in this model correlated with changes in the composition and metabolome profile of the gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xia
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High Frequency Tumor, Gaungxi Medical University, Ministry of Education, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Lei Liu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High Frequency Tumor, Gaungxi Medical University, Ministry of Education, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Nan Shi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High Frequency Tumor, Gaungxi Medical University, Ministry of Education, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Chaoyin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High Frequency Tumor, Gaungxi Medical University, Ministry of Education, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Anzhou Tang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
- Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High Frequency Tumor, Gaungxi Medical University, Ministry of Education, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
| | - Guangyao He
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
- Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High Frequency Tumor, Gaungxi Medical University, Ministry of Education, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
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Trivedi Y, Bolgarina Z, Desai HN, Senaratne M, Swami SS, Aye SL, Mohammed L. The Role of Gut Microbiome in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Systematic Review. Cureus 2023; 15:e43862. [PMID: 37614827 PMCID: PMC10442465 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.43862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Gut microbiome dysbiosis is common in patients with chronic liver diseases such as hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and plays an essential role in developing, diagnosing, and treating HCC. The purpose of this systematic review, which was carried out following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analyses 2020 guidelines, is to determine the role of the gut microbiome in the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of HCC. We collected and reviewed articles, including clinical trials, literature reviews, case-control studies, cross-sectional studies, cohort studies, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses, published between May 30, 2013, and May 30, 2023. The databases used to collect these articles included PubMed, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect. After applying appropriate filters, a total of 2,969 studies were identified. They were further screened and subjected to quality assessment tools which finally yielded 17 studies included in this systematic review. This systematic review provides information regarding the gut-liver axis and the relationship between gut microbiome dysbiosis and HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yash Trivedi
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Zoryana Bolgarina
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Heet N Desai
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Mithum Senaratne
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Shivling S Swami
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Soe Lwin Aye
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Lubna Mohammed
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
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Su Q, Jin C, Bo Z, Yang Y, Wang J, Wang J, Zhou J, Chen Y, Zeng H, Chen G, Wang Y. Association between gut microbiota and gastrointestinal cancer: a two-sample bi-directional Mendelian randomization study. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1181328. [PMID: 37533836 PMCID: PMC10390774 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1181328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The gut microbiome is closely related to gastrointestinal (GI) cancer, but the causality of gut microbiome with GI cancer has yet to be fully established. We conducted this two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study to reveal the potential causal effect of gut microbiota on GI cancer. Materials and methods Summary-level genetic data of gut microbiome were derived from the MiBioGen consortium and the Dutch Microbiome Project. Summary statistics of six GI cancers were drawn from United Kingdom Biobank. Inverse-variance-weighted (IVW), MR-robust adjusted profile score (MR-RAPS), and weighted-median (WM) methods were used to evaluate the potential causal link between gut microbiota and GI cancer. In addition, we performed sensitivity analyses and reverse MR analyses. Results We identified potential causal associations between 21 bacterial taxa and GI cancers (values of p < 0.05 in all three MR methods). Among them, phylum Verrucomicrobia (OR: 0.17, 95% CI: 0.05-0.59, p = 0.005) retained a strong negative association with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma after the Bonferroni correction, whereas order Bacillales (OR: 1.67, 95% CI: 1.23-2.26, p = 0.001) retained a strong positive association with pancreatic cancer. Reverse MR analyses indicated that GI cancer was associated with 17 microbial taxa in all three MR methods, among them, a strong inverse association between colorectal cancer and family Clostridiaceae1 (OR: 0.91, 95% CI: 0.86-0.96, p = 0.001) was identified by Bonferroni correction. Conclusion Our study implicates the potential causal effects of specific microbial taxa on GI cancer, potentially providing new insights into the prevention and treatment of GI cancer through specific gut bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Su
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Chen Jin
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhiyuan Bo
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jingxian Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Juejin Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Junxi Zhou
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yaqing Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Hao Zeng
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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Zhou D, Xiong S, Xiong J, Deng X, Long Q, Li Y. Integrated analysis of the microbiome and transcriptome in stomach adenocarcinoma. Open Life Sci 2023; 18:20220528. [PMID: 37465100 PMCID: PMC10350897 DOI: 10.1515/biol-2022-0528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
We aimed to characterize the stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD) microbiota and its clinical value using an integrated analysis of the microbiome and transcriptome. Microbiome and transcriptome data were downloaded from the Cancer Microbiome Atlas and the Cancer Genome Atlas databases. We identified nine differentially abundant microbial genera, including Helicobacter, Mycobacterium, and Streptococcus, which clustered patients into three subtypes with different survival rates. In total, 74 prognostic genes were screened from 925 feature genes of the subtypes, among which five genes were identified for prognostic model construction, including NTN5, MPV17L, MPLKIP, SIGLEC5, and SPAG16. The prognostic model could stratify patients into different risk groups. The high-risk group was associated with poor overall survival. A nomogram established using the prognostic risk score could accurately predict the 1, 3, and 5 year overall survival probabilities. The high-risk group had a higher proportion of histological grade 3 and recurrence samples. Immune infiltration analysis showed that samples in the high-risk group had a higher abundance of infiltrating neutrophils. The Notch signaling pathway activity showed a significant difference between the high- and low-risk groups. In conclusion, a prognostic model based on five feature genes of microbial subtypes could predict the overall survival for patients with STAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daxiang Zhou
- Chongqing Engineering Laboratory of Green Planting and Deep Processing of Famous-region Drug in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, College of Biology and Food Engineering, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Chongqing404120, China
| | - Shu Xiong
- Department of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Three Gorges Medical College, No. 666 Tianxing Road, Baianba, Wanzhou District, Chongqing404120, China
| | - Juan Xiong
- Department of Neonatology, Jiulongpo People’s Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing, 400050, China
| | - Xuesong Deng
- Department of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Three Gorges Medical College, No. 666 Tianxing Road, Baianba, Wanzhou District, Chongqing404120, China
| | - Quanzhou Long
- Chongqing Engineering Laboratory of Green Planting and Deep Processing of Famous-region Drug in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, College of Biology and Food Engineering, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Chongqing404120, China
| | - Yanjie Li
- Chongqing Engineering Laboratory of Green Planting and Deep Processing of Famous-region Drug in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, College of Biology and Food Engineering, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Chongqing404120, China
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Pomyen Y, Chaisaingmongkol J, Rabibhadana S, Pupacdi B, Sripan D, Chornkrathok C, Budhu A, Budhisawasdi V, Lertprasertsuke N, Chotirosniramit A, Pairojkul C, Auewarakul CU, Ungtrakul T, Sricharunrat T, Phornphutkul K, Sangrajang S, Loffredo CA, Harris CC, Mahidol C, Wang XW, Ruchirawat M. Gut dysbiosis in Thai intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma and hepatocellular carcinoma. Sci Rep 2023; 13:11406. [PMID: 37452065 PMCID: PMC10349051 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-38307-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary liver cancer (PLC), which includes intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), has the highest incidence of all cancer types in Thailand. Known etiological factors, such as viral hepatitis and chronic liver disease do not fully account for the country's unusually high incidence. However, the gut-liver axis, which contributes to carcinogenesis and disease progression, is influenced by the gut microbiome. To investigate this relationship, fecal matter from 44 Thai PLC patients and 76 healthy controls were subjected to whole-genome metagenomic shotgun sequencing and then analyzed by marker gene-based and assembly based methods. Results revealed greater gut microbiome heterogeneity in iCCA compared to HCC and healthy controls. Two Veillonella species were found to be more abundant in iCCA samples and could distinguish iCCA from HCC and healthy controls. Conversely, Ruminococcus gnavus was depleted in iCCA patients and could distinguish HCC from iCCA samples. High Veillonella genus counts in the iCCA group were associated with enriched amino acid biosynthesis and glycolysis pathways, while enriched phospholipid and thiamine metabolism pathways characterized the HCC group with high Blautia genus counts. These findings reveal distinct landscapes of gut dysbiosis among Thai iCCA and HCC patients and warrant further investigation as potential biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yotsawat Pomyen
- Translational Research Unit, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Bangkok, 10210, Thailand
| | - Jittiporn Chaisaingmongkol
- Laboratory of Chemical Carcinogenesis, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Bangkok, 10210, Thailand
- Center of Excellence on Environmental Health and Toxicology (EHT), OPS, MHESI, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Siritida Rabibhadana
- Laboratory of Chemical Carcinogenesis, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Bangkok, 10210, Thailand
| | - Benjarath Pupacdi
- Translational Research Unit, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Bangkok, 10210, Thailand
| | - Donlaporn Sripan
- Laboratory of Chemical Carcinogenesis, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Bangkok, 10210, Thailand
| | - Chidchanok Chornkrathok
- Laboratory of Chemical Carcinogenesis, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Bangkok, 10210, Thailand
| | - Anuradha Budhu
- Liver Cancer Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Vajarabhongsa Budhisawasdi
- Laboratory of Chemical Carcinogenesis, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Bangkok, 10210, Thailand
- Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | | | | | | | - Chirayu U Auewarakul
- Princess Srisavangavadhana College of Medicine, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok, 10210, Thailand
| | - Teerapat Ungtrakul
- Princess Srisavangavadhana College of Medicine, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok, 10210, Thailand
| | | | | | | | | | - Curtis C Harris
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Chulabhorn Mahidol
- Laboratory of Chemical Carcinogenesis, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Bangkok, 10210, Thailand
| | - Xin Wei Wang
- Liver Cancer Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
| | - Mathuros Ruchirawat
- Laboratory of Chemical Carcinogenesis, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Bangkok, 10210, Thailand.
- Center of Excellence on Environmental Health and Toxicology (EHT), OPS, MHESI, Bangkok, Thailand.
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Effenberger M, Waschina S, Bronowski C, Sturm G, Tassiello O, Sommer F, Zollner A, Watschinger C, Grabherr F, Gstir R, Grander C, Enrich B, Bale R, Putzer D, Djanani A, Moschen AR, Zoller H, Rupp J, Schreiber S, Burcelin R, Lass-Flörl C, Trajanoski Z, Oberhuber G, Rosenstiel P, Adolph TE, Aden K, Tilg H. A gut bacterial signature in blood and liver tissue characterizes cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatol Commun 2023; 7:e00182. [PMID: 37314752 DOI: 10.1097/hc9.0000000000000182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND HCC is the leading cause of cancer in chronic liver disease. A growing body of experimental mouse models supports the notion that gut-resident and liver-resident microbes control hepatic immune responses and, thereby, crucially contribute to liver tumorigenesis. However, a comprehensive characterization of the intestinal microbiome in fueling the transition from chronic liver disease to HCC in humans is currently missing. METHODS Here, we profiled the fecal, blood, and liver tissue microbiome of patients with HCC by 16S rRNA sequencing and compared profiles to nonmalignant cirrhotic and noncirrhotic NAFLD patients. RESULTS We report a distinct bacterial profile, defined from 16S rRNA gene sequences, with reduced α-and β-diversity in the feces of patients with HCC and cirrhosis compared to NAFLD. Patients with HCC and cirrhosis exhibited an increased proportion of fecal bacterial gene signatures in the blood and liver compared to NAFLD. Differential analysis of the relative abundance of bacterial genera identified an increased abundance of Ruminococcaceae and Bacteroidaceae in blood and liver tissue from both HCC and cirrhosis patients compared to NAFLD. Fecal samples from cirrhosis and HCC patients both showed a reduced abundance for several taxa, including short-chain fatty acid-producing genera, such as Blautia and Agathobacter. Using paired 16S rRNA and transcriptome sequencing, we identified a direct association between gut bacterial genus abundance and host transcriptome response within the liver tissue. CONCLUSIONS Our study indicates perturbations of the intestinal and liver-resident microbiome as a critical determinant of patients with cirrhosis and HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Effenberger
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology & Metabolism, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Silvio Waschina
- Institute for Human Nutrition and Food Science, Division of Nutriinformatics, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Christina Bronowski
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Gregor Sturm
- Biocenter, Institute of Bioinformatics, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Oronzo Tassiello
- Institute for Human Nutrition and Food Science, Division of Nutriinformatics, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Felix Sommer
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Andreas Zollner
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology & Metabolism, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Christina Watschinger
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Gastroenterology, Nephrology, Metabolism & Endocrinology, Johannes Kepler University, Linz, Austria
| | - Felix Grabherr
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology & Metabolism, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Ronald Gstir
- Institute of Hygiene and Medical Microbiology, ECMM, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Christoph Grander
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology & Metabolism, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Barbara Enrich
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology & Metabolism, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Reto Bale
- Department of Radiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Daniel Putzer
- Department of Radiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Angela Djanani
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology & Metabolism, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Alexander R Moschen
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Gastroenterology, Nephrology, Metabolism & Endocrinology, Johannes Kepler University, Linz, Austria
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Mucosal Immunology, Johannes Kepler University, Linz, Austria
| | - Heinz Zoller
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology & Metabolism, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Jan Rupp
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Luebeck, Germany
| | - Stefan Schreiber
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Christian-Albrechts-University and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Remy Burcelin
- INSERM 1297 and University Paul Sabatier: Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, France and Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Cornelia Lass-Flörl
- Institute of Hygiene and Medical Microbiology, ECMM, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Zlatko Trajanoski
- Biocenter, Institute of Bioinformatics, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Georg Oberhuber
- INNPATH, Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Philip Rosenstiel
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Timon E Adolph
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology & Metabolism, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Konrad Aden
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Christian-Albrechts-University and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Herbert Tilg
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology & Metabolism, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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Yang X, Mai H, Zhou J, Li Z, Wang Q, Lan L, Lu F, Yang X, Guo B, Ye L, Cui P, Liang H, Huang J. Alterations of the gut microbiota associated with the occurrence and progression of viral hepatitis. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1119875. [PMID: 37342245 PMCID: PMC10277638 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1119875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Gut microbiota is the largest population of microorganisms and is closely related to health. Many studies have explored changes in gut microbiota in viral hepatitis. However, the correlation between gut microbiota and the occurrence and progression of viral hepatitis has not been fully clarified. Methods PubMed and BioProject databases were searched for studies about viral hepatitis disease and 16S rRNA gene sequencing of gut microbiota up to January 2023. With bioinformatics analyses, we explored changes in microbial diversity of viral hepatitis, screened out crucial bacteria and microbial functions related to viral hepatitis, and identified the potential microbial markers for predicting risks for the occurrence and progression of viral hepatitis based on ROC analysis. Results Of the 1389 records identified, 13 studies met the inclusion criteria, with 950 individuals including 656 patient samples (HBV, n = 546; HCV, n = 86; HEV, n = 24) and 294 healthy controls. Gut microbial diversity is significantly decreased as the infection and progression of viral hepatitis. Alpha diversity and microbiota including Butyricimonas, Escherichia-Shigella, Lactobacillus, and Veillonella were identified as the potential microbial markers for predicting the risk of development of viral hepatitis (AUC>0.7). Microbial functions including tryptophan metabolism, fatty acid biosynthesis, lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis, and lipid metabolism related to the microbial community increased significantly as the development of viral hepatitis. Conclusions This study demonstrated comprehensively the gut microbiota characteristics in viral hepatitis, screened out crucial microbial functions related to viral hepatitis, and identified the potential microbial markers for predicting the risk of viral hepatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Yang
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, Guangxi Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Disease, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Huanzhuo Mai
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, Guangxi Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Disease, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Jie Zhou
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, Guangxi Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Disease, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Zhuoxin Li
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, Guangxi Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Disease, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Qing Wang
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, Guangxi Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Disease, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Liuyan Lan
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, Guangxi Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Disease, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Fang Lu
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, Guangxi Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Disease, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Xiping Yang
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, Guangxi Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Disease, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Baodong Guo
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, Guangxi Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Disease, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Li Ye
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, Guangxi Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Disease, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Ping Cui
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, Guangxi Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Disease, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Life Science Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Regenerative Medicine and Medical BioResource Development and Application Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Hao Liang
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, Guangxi Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Disease, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Life Science Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Regenerative Medicine and Medical BioResource Development and Application Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Jiegang Huang
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, Guangxi Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Disease, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Diseases, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
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Li X, Yi Y, Wu T, Chen N, Gu X, Xiang L, Jiang Z, Li J, Jin H. Integrated microbiome and metabolome analysis reveals the interaction between intestinal flora and serum metabolites as potential biomarkers in hepatocellular carcinoma patients. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1170748. [PMID: 37260707 PMCID: PMC10227431 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1170748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Globally, liver cancer poses a serious threat to human health and quality of life. Despite numerous studies on the microbial composition of the gut in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), little is known about the interactions of the gut microbiota and metabolites and their role in HCC. This study examined the composition of the gut microbiota and serum metabolic profiles in 68 patients with HCC, 33 patients with liver cirrhosis (LC), and 34 healthy individuals (NC) using a combination of metagenome sequencing and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). The composition of the serum metabolites and the structure of the intestinal microbiota were found to be significantly altered in HCC patients compared to non-HCC patients. LEfSe and metabolic pathway enrichment analysis were used to identify two key species (Odoribacter splanchnicus and Ruminococcus bicirculans) and five key metabolites (ouabain, taurochenodeoxycholic acid, glycochenodeoxycholate, theophylline, and xanthine) associated with HCC, which then were combined to create panels for HCC diagnosis. The study discovered that the diagnostic performance of the metabolome was superior to that of the microbiome, and a panel comprised of key species and key metabolites outperformed alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) in terms of diagnostic value. Spearman's rank correlation test was used to determine the relationship between the intestinal flora and serum metabolites and their impact on hepatocarcinogenesis and progression. A random forest model was used to assess the diagnostic performance of the different histologies alone and in combination. In summary, this study describes the characteristics of HCC patients' intestinal flora and serum metabolism, demonstrates that HCC is caused by the interaction of intestinal flora and serum metabolites, and suggests that two key species and five key metabolites may be potential markers for the diagnosis of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyue Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Hospital of Nanjing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Hospital of Nanjing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yongxiang Yi
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Hospital of Nanjing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Hospital of Nanjing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Tongxin Wu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Hospital of Nanjing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Nan Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Hospital of Nanjing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xinyu Gu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Hospital of Nanjing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Liangliang Xiang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Hospital of Nanjing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhaodi Jiang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Hospital of Nanjing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Junwei Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Hospital of Nanjing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Heiying Jin
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
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Liang Y, Li Q, Liu Y, Guo Y, Li Q. Awareness of intratumoral bacteria and their potential application in cancer treatment. Discov Oncol 2023; 14:57. [PMID: 37148441 PMCID: PMC10164222 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-023-00670-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Hitherto, the recognition of the microbiota role in tumorigenesis and clinical studies mostly focused on the intestinal flora. In contrast to the gut microbiome, microorganisms resident in tumor tissue are in close contact with cancer cells and therefore have the potential to have similar or even different functional patterns to the gut flora. Some investigations have shown intratumoral bacteria, which might come from commensal microbiota in mucosal areas including the gastrointestinal tract and oral cavity, or from nearby normal tissues. The existence, origin, and interactions of intratumoral bacteria with the tumor microenvironment all contribute to intratumoral microorganism heterogeneity. Intratumoral bacteria have a significant role in tumor formation. They can contribute to cancer at the genetic level by secreting poisons that directly damage DNA and also intimately related to immune system response at the systemic level. Intratumoral bacteria have an impact on chemotherapy and immunotherapy in cancer. Importantly, various properties of bacteria such as targeting and ease of modification make them powerful candidates for precision therapy, and combining microbial therapies with other therapies is expected to improve the effectiveness of cancer treatment. In this review, we mainly described the heterogeneity and potential sources of intratumoral bacteria, overviewed the important mechanisms by which they were involved in tumor progression, and summarized their potential value in oncology therapy. At last, we highlight the problems of research in this field, and look forward to a new wave of studies using the various applications of intratumoral microorganisms in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Liang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, 518033, China
| | - Qiyan Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, 518033, China
| | - Yulin Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, 518033, China
| | - Yajie Guo
- Department of Emergency, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, 518033, China.
| | - Qingjiao Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, 518033, China.
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Bu Y, Zhao K, Xu Z, Zheng Y, Hua R, Wu C, Zhu C, Xia Y, Cheng X. Antibiotic-induced gut bacteria depletion has no effect on HBV replication in HBV immune tolerance mouse model. Virol Sin 2023:S1995-820X(23)00048-2. [PMID: 37141990 DOI: 10.1016/j.virs.2023.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Commensal microbiota is closely related to Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Gut bacteria maturation accelerates HBV immune clearance in hydrodynamic injection (HDI) HBV mouse model. However, the effect of gut bacteria on HBV replication in recombinant adeno-associated virus (AAV)-HBV mouse model with immune tolerance remains obscure. We aim to investigate its role on HBV replication in AAV-HBV mouse model. C57BL/6 mice were administrated with broad-spectrum antibiotic mixtures (ABX) to deplete gut bacteria and intravenously injected with AAV-HBV to establish persistent HBV replication. Gut microbiota community was analyzed by fecal qPCR assay and 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene sequencing. HBV replication markers in blood and liver were determined by ELISA, qPCR assay and Western blot at indicated time points. Immune response in AAV-HBV mouse model was activated through HDI of HBV plasmid or poly(I:C) and then detected by quantifying the percentage of IFN-γ+/CD8+ T cells in the spleen via flow cytometry as well as the splenic IFN-γ mRNA level via qPCR assay. We found that antibiotic exposure remarkably decreased gut bacteria abundance and diversity. Antibiotic treatment failed to alter the levels of serological HBV antigens, intrahepatic HBV RNA transcripts and HBc protein in AAV-HBV mouse model, but contributed to HBsAg increase after breaking of immune tolerance. Overall, our data uncovered that antibiotic-induced gut bacteria depletion has no effect on HBV replication in immune tolerant AAV-HBV mouse model, providing new thoughts for elucidating the correlation between gut bacteria dysbiosis by antibiotic abuse and clinical chronic HBV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Bu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, Hubei Jiangxia Laboratory, Institute of Medical Virology, TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, TaiKang Medical School, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Kaitao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, Hubei Jiangxia Laboratory, Institute of Medical Virology, TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, TaiKang Medical School, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Zaichao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, Hubei Jiangxia Laboratory, Institute of Medical Virology, TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, TaiKang Medical School, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Yingcheng Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, Hubei Jiangxia Laboratory, Institute of Medical Virology, TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, TaiKang Medical School, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Rong Hua
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, Hubei Jiangxia Laboratory, Institute of Medical Virology, TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, TaiKang Medical School, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Chuanjian Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, Hubei Jiangxia Laboratory, Institute of Medical Virology, TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, TaiKang Medical School, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Chengliang Zhu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060; China
| | - Yuchen Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, Hubei Jiangxia Laboratory, Institute of Medical Virology, TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, TaiKang Medical School, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.
| | - Xiaoming Cheng
- Department of Pathology, Center for Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics, Hubei Clinical Center and Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, TaiKang Medical School, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.
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49
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Lu H, Zhu X, Wu L, Lou X, Pan X, Liu B, Zhang H, Zhu L, Li L, Wu Z. Alterations in the intestinal microbiome and metabolic profile of patients with cirrhosis supplemented with lactulose, Clostridium butyricum, and Bifidobacterium longum infantis: a randomized placebo-controlled trial. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1169811. [PMID: 37180228 PMCID: PMC10170289 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1169811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Liver cirrhosis is commonly accompanied by intestinal dysbiosis and metabolic defects. Many clinical trials have shown microbiota-targeting strategies represent promising interventions for managing cirrhosis and its complications. However, the influences of the intestinal metagenomes and metabolic profiles of patients have not been fully elucidated. Methods We administered lactulose, Clostridium butyricum, and Bifidobacterium longum infantis as a synbiotic and used shotgun metagenomics and non-targeted metabolomics to characterize the results. Results Patients treated with the synbiotic for 12 weeks had lower dysbiosis index (DI) scores than placebo-treated patients and patients at baseline (NIP group). We identified 48 bacterial taxa enriched in the various groups, 66 differentially expressed genes, 18 differentially expressed virulence factor genes, 10 differentially expressed carbohydrate-active enzyme genes, and 173 metabolites present at differing concentrations in the Synbiotic versus Placebo group, and the Synbiotic versus NIP group. And Bifidobacteria species, especially B. longum, showed positive associations with many differentially expressed genes in synbiotic-treated patients. Metabolites pathway enrichment analysis showed that synbiotic significantly affected purine metabolism and aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis. And the purine metabolism and aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis were no longer significant differences in the Synbiotic group versus the healthy controls group. In conclusion, although littles influence on clinical parameters in the early intervention, the synbiotic showed a potential benefit to patients by ameliorating intestinal dysbiosis and metabolic defects; and the DI of intestinal microbiota is useful for the evaluation of the effect of clinical microbiota-targeting strategies on cirrhotic patients. Clinical Trial Registration https://www.clinicaltrials.gov, identifiers NCT05687409.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haifeng Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaofei Zhu
- Department of Infectious DiseasesHangzhou Ninth People's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lingyun Wu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaobin Lou
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaxia Pan
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Bowen Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lingxiao Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lanjuan Li
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory, Jinan, Shangdong, China
- Research Units of Infectious Disease and Microecology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhongwen Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Chen J, Niu C, Yang N, Liu C, Zou SS, Zhu S. Biomarker discovery and application-An opportunity to resolve the challenge of liver cancer diagnosis and treatment. Pharmacol Res 2023; 189:106674. [PMID: 36702425 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Liver cancer is one of the most common malignancies, with severe morbidity and mortality. While considerable progress has been made in liver cancer treatment, the 5-year overall survival (OS) of patients has not improved significantly. Reasons include the inadequate capability of early screening and diagnosis, a high incidence of recurrence and metastasis, a high degree of tumor heterogeneity, and an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Therefore, the identification and validation of specific and robust liver cancer biomarkers are of major importance for early screening, timely diagnosis, accurate prognosis, and the prevention of tumor progression. In this review, we highlight some of the latest research progress and potential applications of liver cancer biomarkers, describing hotspots and prospective directions in biomarker discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingtao Chen
- Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; Laboratory for Tumor Immunology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Chao Niu
- Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Ning Yang
- Laboratory for Tumor Immunology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Chunyan Liu
- Laboratory for Tumor Immunology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Shan-Shan Zou
- Laboratory for Tumor Immunology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Shan Zhu
- Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; Laboratory for Tumor Immunology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
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